REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st DECEMBER, 1932. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1932.]

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1933 Session I, E-01

E.—l.

1933. NEW ZEALAND.

REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st DECEMBER, 1932. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1932.]

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

CONTENTS.

Section Tltle of Section - rage Section. Title of Section - Pa i? e and General .. .. 2 20. junior High Schools and Departments .. 24 2. Types of School .. .. •• ..3 21. Post-primary Education .. .. ..25 3. Cost of Education.. .. • • 4 22. Evening Technical Classes and Part-time Day 4. School Buildings and Sites .. .. .. 5 Classes .. .. .. .. 25 5. Number of Schools .. • • 6 23. Native Schools .. .. .. .. 26 6. Enrolment at Educational Institutions .. 6 24. Registered Private Primary Schools .. .. 26 7. Regularity of Attendance .. .. .. 10 25. Private Secondary Schools (Registered) .. 27 8. Staffs of Schools .. .. . ■ • - 10 26. Correspondence School .. .. .. 27 9. Number of Pupils and Adult Teachers in the 27. Kindergarten Schools .. .. .. 27 Public Primary Schools of the different Educa- 28. Consolidation of Schools .. .. .28 tion Districts .. .. .. .. 12 29. Conveyance of Pupils .. .. .. 28 10. Size of Classes .. .. . - .. 12 30. Manual Instruction .. .. .. 29 11. Classification of Teachers .. .. .. 13 31. Physical Education .. .. .. 29 12. Salaries of Teachers .. .. .. 16 32. School Music .. .. .. .. 29 13. Pupils leaving Public Primary Schools .. 18 33. Training of Teachers .. .. .. 29 14. Pupils commencing Post-primary Course in 34. Higher (University) Education .. .. 30 State Schools .. .. ■ ■ .. 18 35. Annual Examinations .. .. .. 31 15. Destination of Pupils .. .. .. 19 36. Child-welfare .. .. .. .. 33 16. Vocational Guidance and Placement.. .. 22 37. Teachers' Superannuation Pund .. ..34 17. Length of Post-primary Course .. .. 23 Appendix — Statement of Expenditure and Re--18. Free Places in Post-primary Schools.. .. 24 coveries, &c. .. .. .. ..35 19. Special Classes for Backward Children .. 24

Office of the Department of Education, Your Excellency,— Wellington, 20th 'September, 1933. I have the honour, in accordance with the provisions of the Education Act, 1914, to submit to Your Excellency the following report upon the progress and condition of public education in New Zealand during the year ending the 31st December, 1932. I have, &c., R. Masters. His Excellency the Governor-General of the Dominion of New Zealand.

I—E. 1.

E.—l.

REPORT.

I. INTRODUCTORY AND GENERAL. Although little, if any, improvement took place in the financial condition of the Dominion during the year, I am pleased to be able to report that it was not necessary to introduce further economies in education. The aim of the Government has been to maintain the efficiency of the education system at as high a standard as possible, and to curtail only those educational facilities which are very desirable in times of prosperity but which cannot be provided in times of depression. It is realized that one of the first duties of the Government is to give the children and young men and women the means of obtaining the best education of which they are capable, and I think it can truly be said that the opportunities now available have not impaired the chances of the youth of the Dominion to compete on equal terms educationally with the young people in other parts of the Empire. On account of the large number of ex-training-college students who were unable to obtain employment in their profession, a scheme was inaugurated at the beginning of the year for rationing the work available for junior teachers as probationers, assistants, and relieving-teachers. In view of its purpose it was well received by the Education Boards and the Service ; by its means the majority of the young teachers received two terms' employment, and all were employed for at least one term. Apart from affording financial relief to those teachers concerned, the scheme enabled the young teachers to receive further training in their profession and thereby increase their efficiency. At the end of the year the teachers' training colleges at Wellington and Dunedin were closed. As the number of trained certificated teachers seeking appointments greatly exceeded the positions available, it was decided to appoint only graduate entrants and a very small number of studentteachers (technical) to the teaching service in 1933. The expense of maintaining four training colleges for the reduced number of students could not be justified. In consequence of the closing of the two colleges and the smaller number of trainees in the two remaining colleges, the normal schools at Dunedin and Wellington were disestablished, together with the associated normal schools in the four University towns. The remaining normal schools and the public and post-primary schools will, supply adequate training for the students. A change was made in the allowances paid to students, who, from the beginning of 1933, will receive £20 per annum, together with a repayable boarding-allowance not exceeding £40 per annum where they have to live away from home. The closing of the two colleges made staff adjustments unavoidable, but the Lecturers for whom positions could not immediately be found have since been absorbed into the teaching service. During the year special consideration was given to the junior-high-school system, which was introduced into the Dominion in 1922. Since that year a small number of junior-high-school departments had been added to the secondary, technical, and district high schools. These all worked under regulations which were framed to meet the conditions under which the first school was established, and which were inadequate for the development of the reorganization of the school system. Amended regulations were issued, the new features of which are: the change of name from junior high schools to intermediate schools and departments ; the reduction of the period of instruction from three years to two years ; a staffing schedule ; salary schedules for principals and assistants ; a uniform method of appointment of teachers ; and a revised staffing for contributing schools. During the latter months of the year preparations were made at Napier and Wanganui for the opening of intermediate schools, and at West Christchurch for the attachment of an intermediate department to the district high school and the transfer of preparatory to Standard IY pupils to neighbouring schools. The reorganization of the primary-school system in the Dominion is in accord with similar developments that have taken place in other parts of the Empire and in the United States. The aim of the intermediate school is to remove the pupils

2

E.—l.

at the age of eleven or twelve from the environment of the primary school and place them in separate schools or in departments attached to post-primary schools where they will be given the opportunity of displaying their natural aptitudes, inclinations, and interests, and of indicating whether they should continue their education at a secondary school for academic or professional courses, or at a technical school for vocational courses in industry, commerce, or the domestic arts. While the financial depression continues it will not be possible to establish intermediate schools freely throughout the Dominion, but where the conditions are suitable schools of this new type will be established. Owing to the financial stringency it was necessary early in the year to abandon the practice of awarding University bursaries to all holders of higher leaving certificates issued by the Department. A system of University National Bursaries has been established. These are of the same value and are held under the same conditions as the former bursaries, but are awarded on the results of the University Entrance Scholarship Examination in either a full or a partial range of subjects. It was decided to increase somewhat the number of bursaries for engineering, agriculture, architecture, and home science. A survey of the system of accrediting for senior free places in secondary, technical, and district high schools was carried out by means of the Intermediate Examination. The marking of most of the candidates' papers was done by the teachers, whose assessments were checked by the Department. The results of the examination were very satisfactory, a high percentage of candidates qualifying for free places and much valuable information being obtained by both the Department and the teachers. For the purpose of assessing the value of the system which was in operation prior to 1931 of awarding certificates of proficiency largely on the recommendation of the head teacher all candidates were required to sit for the examination, the papers for which are prepared by the Department. Except in the case of small country schools, where a synchronous examination was held on the Ist December, all candidates were examined personally by an Inspector. The results showed a higher percentage of passes than in 1931, the figures being 79-5 and 67 respectively. Under the No. 5 Scheme considerable improvements have been made in the grounds of many schools in all parts of the Dominion, with the result that sites which were once far from attractive are now beauty spots. 2. TYPES OF SCHOOL. In the previous section of this report reference is made to the passing of legislation and the making of regulations for intermediate schools and departments. The schools affected were the junior high schools and departments. They remain as previously, except for the change of name and the restriction of the courses to two years. Although in the following table the highest class is stated as Form 11, in one school permission was given to retain a Form 111. The present position in regard to our school system is outlined below. The Native schools and the Correspondence School are under the direct control of the Department; the other schools given in Table A are controlled by the various Boards in accordance with departmental regulations. In addition to the types given in that table there exist a number of private primary schools, private secondary schools, and Native schools (both primary and secondary). These are under the control- of various private bodies, but the range of classes is substantially the same as that given for corresponding schools in the table. Some of these private secondary schools are " endowed " —i.e., are maintained partly by revenues derived from grants of land made by the State. There are no private technical schools. Apart from certain special schools for the mentally backward (three) and for the deaf (one) —the following are the types of State schools that are at present in operation. The New Zealand Institute for the Blind is privately controlled.

3

E.—l.

Table A.

(a) A few primary schools have a Standard VII, in which the work done approximates to that done in Form 111. A few other primary schools have become contributing schools —i.e., have lost Forms I and 11, these classes having been transferred to junior high schools or departments. (b) Junior-high-school departments include Forms I and II only, Form 111 being considered part of the postprimary school to which the junior-high-school department is attached. (c) In some secondary Departments of district high schools there will be found a few pupils doing work in advance of that of Form V. The number of these pupils is, however, almost always too few to constitute a Form VI. (d) In technical schools, as a rule, the Sixth Forms are much smaller in size than in either a secondary school or a combined school. (e) Certain secondary and technical schools have been combined and placed under a single governing body. These " combined schools " retain the special characteristics of both secondary and technical schools. 3. COST OF EDUCATION. The appendix to this report shows in detail under various headings the expenditure on education during the financial year ended 31st March, 1933. The total expenditure, including endowment revenue, amounted to £2,863,802, as against £3,469,843 in the previous year, a decrease of £606,041. An analysis of expenditure is shown in the following table : —

Table B. —Analysis of Expenditure on Education for the Year ended 31st March, 1933.

4

Type of School. Lowest Class. I Highest Class. 1. Primary (a) .. .. Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). 2. Native . . . . .. Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). 3. Junior high (intermediate), (6) Form I (Standard V) Form II (Standard VI). 4. District High School — (i) Primary Department Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). (ii) Secondary Department Form III.. .. Form V. (c) 5. Secondary .. .. Form III.. .. Form VI. 6. Technical (d) .. .. Form III.. .. Form VI. 7. Combined (e) .. .. Form III.. .. Form VI. 8. Correspondence School— (i) Primary .. .. Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). (ii) Secondary .. Form III.. .. Form V.

(For more details see appendix to this Paper.) rp ota ] Expenditure "RxnpnrHtnrp expressed as Expenditure per Branch of Education. ' HSTet) * Percentage of Total Head of Population.-)-Expenditure. £ f s. d. Departmental administration . . .. 29,520 1-03 0 0 5 Board's administration .. .. .. 49,779 1-74 0 0 8 Cost of inspection — Primary .. .. .. .. 28,121 0-98 0 0 4 Native .. .. .. .. .. 1,590 0-06 J Post-primary .. .. .. .. 4,253 0-15 0 0 1 Primary education — Public schools .. .. .. .. 1,722,353 \ Departmental Correspondence School . . 6,336 J ou-«3b z I Native Education — Native schools .. .. .. .. 66,613 \ ! Scholarships and bursaries .. .. 4,258 J Post-primary education— Secondary, technical, and combined schools .. 461,708 ~j Secondary departments of district high schools 67,426 I Correspondence School .. .. .. 4,577 j j 18-87 0 7 1 Scholarships and bursaries .. . . 6,639 j Higher education§ .. . . . . . . 66,615 2-33 0 0 10 Training of teachers .. .. .. 108,827 3-80 0 1 5 Special schools .. .. .. .. 14,811 0-52 0 0 2 Child welfare .. .. .. 112,203 3-92 0 1 6 Superannuation . . . . . 47,043 1-64 0 0 7 Miscellaneous .. .. .. .. 4,002 0-14 0 0 1 Capital expenditure on school buildings .. 57,128 j 1-99 0 0 9 Total* ■ ■ .. 2,863,802 1 100-00 1 17 5 * This includes revenue from endowments administered by the various Boards, &c., as well as direct expenditure from public funds— £ From public funds as shown in appendix .. .. .. .. .. 2 815 532 Endowments— Secondary and technical schools .. .. .. .. .. . 36 174 University colleges .. .. .. .. .. ,. .. 12,096 £2,863,802 t Mean population for twelve months ended 31st March, 1933, was 1,529,133. j No significant amount. § Grant to Massey Agricultural College is now provided for under Vote, " Agriculture."

E.—l.

It is impossible to state with any degree of accuracy the costs per pupil in any branch of education, except in the primary schools, because the technical schools and combined secondary and technical schools, besides providing instruction for full-time day pupils, also provide instruction for part-time pupils. These pupils take subjects for varying periods in the day and evening, and in most cases are taught by instructors who are also engaged in teaching full-time pupils during the day. From the statement of expenditure and recoveries the following is the cost per pupil based on average attendance at public schools, at the junior high schools under the Auckland Board, at the public schools in the Chatham Islands, and at the Department's Correspondence School (primary department) : Primary—including buildings, £9 7s. 10d.'; excluding buildings, £9 4s. 6d. The cost per child for elementary education in England and Wales for the year 1931-1932 was £12 12s. sd* « 4. SCHOOL BUILDINGS AND SITES. During last year the net capital expenditure on the erection of school buildings was £52,623, as against £259,148 for the previous year. Owing to the limited funds available, it was not possible, therefore, to consider favourably all of the proposals that were submitted. Preference was given to those cases where no school accommodation existed or the existing buildings were totally inadequate for the numbers attending. In order to reduce further the expenditure of capital funds, an item was provided on the Consolidated Fund estimates to meet the cost of works costing under £200. These works included small additions and alterations, the total expenditure for the year being £4,505. During the year no large schools were destroyed by fire. A number of smaller buildings, however, were destroyed, and the sum of £6,447 was expended on replacement. Of this, £6,394 has been provided by the Government Fire Insurance Fund. The following table shows the expenditure out of the Public Works Fund on new buildings, additions, sites, and teachers' residences for the years ended 31st March, 1931, 1932, and 1933 1930-31. 1931-32. 1932-33. £ £ £ Public schools .. .. .. 203,292 126,778 33,631 Secondary schools .. .. 128,594 65,030 21,754 Technical schools .. .. 78,318 44,507 3,584 Training colleges.. .. .. 9,080 1,228 Universities .. .. . . 241 Native schools .. .. .. 8,922 14,433 704 Schools for mentally backward .. 5.110 199 Child-welfare institutions . . .. 1,660 714 Kindergartens .. .. .. 1,747 54 Massey Agricultural College . . 68,825 9,622 Canterbury Agricultural College .. 109 Gross total .. .. 505,898 262,565 59,673 Less credits-in-aid .. 4,554 3,417 7,050 £501,344 £259,148 £52,623

* This, however, includes school medical services, provision of meals for undernourished children, evening play centres, and nursery schools (somewhat similar to New Zealand kindergartens).

5

E.—l.

5. NUMBER OF SCHOOLS. The following table gives the number of public schools classified according to grade and of junior [high schools and departments. The yearly average attendance is also shown : —

Table C1.—Number of Public Primary Schools and of Junior High Schools and Departments.

Table C 2, below, gives the number of schools other than public primary schools in the years 1931 and 1932

Table C2.—Number of Schools other than Public Primary Schools.

6. ENROLMENT AT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. The following tables (D to F) give some details as to numbers on the roll at recognized educational institutions, numbers of full-time pupils in the various standards and forms, and median ages of full-time pupils in the various standards and forms.

6

Total Average Attendance^ Number of Schools.* Primary Department.* Total.. Attendance. — 1 In each In each In each In each In each In each In each In each Subgrade. Grade. Subgrade. Grade. Subgrade. Grade. Subgrade. Grade. 0 (1-8) .. .. 204 204 1,316 1,316 .. .. 1,316 1,316 1 (9-20) .. .. 752 752 11,024 11,024 ... .. 11,024 11,024 II (21-35) .. .. 471 471 12,758 12,758 .. .. 12,758 12,758 IIIa (36-50) .. .. 309 1 f 13,136 f .. ~| f 13,136 "V IIIB (51-80) .. .. 267 J> 16,511 y 42,348«! 49 l r 80-! 16,560 > 42,428 IIIo (81-120) .. .. 134 J L 12,701 j L 31 J [ 12,732 j IVa (121-160) .. .. 71 1 f 9,718 | f 373 1 f 10,091 ] IVb (161-200) .. .. 40 }■ 146 <! 7,032 y 636 >-1, 7,668 y 25,971 IVo (201-240) .. .. 35 J L 7,673 j I 539 J [ 8,212 J Va (241-280) .. .. 26 ] f 6,698 ") f 605 "j f 7,303 ] Vb (281-320) .. .. 28 77-i 8,307 |> 22,744-1 465 1,589-! 8,772 > 24,333 Vo (321-360) .. .. 23 J L 7,739 J I 519 J I 8,258 J VIa (361-400) .. .. 22 | f 8,257 f 405 ] f 8,662 1 VlB (401-440) .. .. 29 62-; 11,962 25,359-! 453 )■ 858<i 12,415 S- 26,217 VIo (441-480) .. .. 11 J (_ 5,140 J L •• J I 5,140 VIIA (481-520) .. .. 23 1 f 11,321 1 f 73 1 f 11,394 < VIIb (521-560) .. .. 19 10,118 .. 10,118 VIIc (561-600) .. .. 21 11,901 600 12,501 VIId (601-640) .. .. 12 7,298 43 7,341 VILe (641-680) .. .. 8 y 95-! 5,190 y 54,418<| .. y 716-< 5,190 y 55,134 mi- (681-720) .. .. 5 3,393 .. 3,393 VIIo (721-760) .. .. 4 2,877 .. 2,877 VIIh (761-800) .... 1 753 .. 753 VIIi (801-840) .. .. 2 J L 1,567 J (_ .. J (_ 1,567 Junior high schools and depart- 11 11 2,568 2,568 141 141 2,709 2,709 ments Totals, 1932 .. .. 2,528 2,528 196,958 196,958 4,932 4,932 201,890 201,890 Totals, 1931 .. .. 2,534 2,534 197,528 197,528 4,962 4,962 202,490 202,490 Difference -6 ; -6 -570 -570__ _ -30 -30 -600 -600 * Fifteen half-time and forty-two schools with side schools attached are counted as separate schools. t The average attendance shown under this heading is the average attendance for the year ended 31st August, 1932, computed and adjusted in accordance with the regulations governing the staffing of schools. The unadjusted total average attendance for the year ended 31st December, 1932, was : Primary departments, including Forms I and II of all junior high schools and departments, 193,872 ; secondary departments and Form III of the separate junior high school, 4,768. t The average attendance shown under this heading includes any pupils in Standard VII or in special classes. § This refers to secondary classes conducted mainly in rural areas in district high schools—that is, in primary schools to which are attached secondary departments. Form III of the separate junior high school is included in these figures.

(All schools not marked as " private " are State controlled.) Number of Schools in December, Number of Schools in December, 1931. 1932. Type of School. Type of Education Boys' Girls' Mixed „ . . Boys' Girls' Mixed „ . , Schools. Schools. Schools. 10 ™- Schools. Schools. Schools. 10tal - | . Junior high schools or depart- Intermediate .. 1 1 8 10 2 1 8 11 ments* Secondary departments of dis- Post-primary .. .. .. 82 82 .. .. 80 80 trict high schools Secondary .. .. .. Post-primary .. 12 14 16 42 10 12 16 38 Combined .. .. .. Post-primary .. 1 1 .. 2 3 3 .. 6 Technical .. .. .. Post-primary .. .. .. 22 22 .. .. 21 21 Native village .. .. Primary .. .. .. 139 139 .. .. 135 135 Native mission (private) .. Primary .. .. .. 11 11 .. .. 11 11 Native post-primary (private) . . Primary a n d 5 5 1 11 4 5 1 10 post-primary Lower departments of secondary Primary ..3 5 1 9 3 4 1 8 schools (private) Private primary .. .. Primary .. 45 41 219 305 40 41 228 309 Endowed schools and registered Post-primary 19 32 .. 51 20 33 1 54 private secondary schools Specialf .. .. Primary .. ' 2 1 2 5 2 1 2 5 * Ten of these in 1932 were junior-high-school departments. t Two of these are schools for the mentally backward, one a school attached to a boys' welfare institution, one a school for the blind, and one a school for the deaf. The New Zealand Institute for the Blind is privately controlled.

Table D.—Numbers on the Roll at Recognized Educational Institutions (exclusive of University Colleges and Kindergarten Schools).

7

E.—l.

Total Total Children. Adolescents. Adults. Number Number _ , c , 1 on the Roll on the 1 , ; j Type oi oehool. on the Roll on , ! , _ n . ,, lfi la 1Q iq 20 20 21 21 Years 1st July, 1st July, Under 10-11 11-12 12-13 | 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21 Years 1931. 1932. 10 Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Yea s. Public primary schools.. .. 210,025 205,955 112,463 25,709 24,149 22,151 13,852 5,998 1,463 142 27 1 .. . .. Special classes for backward 545 523 122 54 91 100 92 i 45 16 Native schools, village (primary) 7,501 7,604 4,190 862 785 712 591 340 103 16 4 1 Native schools, mission (private, 531 546 325 64 46 45 39 14 10 primary)* ' . Public primary schools, Chatham 148 141 67 14 20 16 13 9 Islands 1 „ Secondary schools, lower depart- 245 208 49 22 31 49 35 11 Private primary schools .. 25,511 25,509 13,029 3,042 2,971 2,936 2,001 1,031 358 105 7 Junior high schools and depart- 2,792 2,868 . . 113 620 941 708 363 105 Secondary departments of district 5,291 5,067 .. J 13 228 969 1,40'9 1,247 732 330 105 32 ' Secondary Stools .. .. 16,445 14,705 [ .. 2 46 594 2,377 3,463 3,573 2,501 1,371 588 169 19 2 Combined schools .. .. 462 2,170 \ ■■ 7 97 372 i 541 Technical high and day schools .. 8,541 8,786 .. .. 21 380 1,701 i fi77 i aa 9 1 Olfi 615 1 383 Technical classes (part-time stu- 10,536 9,459 .. .. 15 23 122 I 494 1.124 1,548 1,677 1,442 1,016 615 1,383 dents at day and night classes) Native schools, secondary* — ! 0 vT? •' :: :: S . S ,. 15 .. 9 .. 10 1 5 2 £ 53 39 1? " 6 "5 "3 Endowed" an? registered private 4,302 4,279 .. 1 10 149 543 981 1,108 821 468 164 21 5 8 secondary schools j 1/vl . 1 OK 1Q i Correspondence schools .. 1,266 1,566 721 j 129 108 129 backward, 222 "isj "ll **29 > -37 "28 "l8 "ll 9 8 5 4 21 School for the Deaf .. . . 123 119 35 11 20 16 10 8 13 4 1 .. • • • - New Zealand Institute for the 27 20 2; 3 2 1 1 3 1 i__ Elmd Grand totals .. .. 296,197 291,097 131,031 30,047 28,994 28,612 23,655 17,602 12,100 7,485 4,624 2,663 1,558 980 1 ; ' 4 '' Estimated population (inclusive of 1,524,935 UO.eOOf' 27,140 28,060 28,680 28,450 28,830 28,590 28,010 27,230} Maoris) at 1st July, 1932 | * Native mission schools are registered private primary schools, and two Native secondary schools are registered private secondary schools, but in this table these schools are considered, respectively, mission schools and Native post-primary schools. t Estimated population five years of age but under ten years of age. t Estimated population twenty-one years of age and under twenty-two years of age.

E.—l.

Table E.—Numbers of Full-time Pupils in the various Standards and Forms as at 1st July, 1932.

8

Special Class j c,ass Standard I. Standard II. ] Standard HE. Standard IV. | Form I. Form II. Form III. Form IY. Form Y. Form VI. Totals. Type of School. ; ward. ! Boys. Girls.: Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. ! Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Public primary .. .. 304 219 29,579 25,880 13,33512,238 13,493 12,247 14,27613,23513,648 12,868 12,34311,822 10,571 9,720 332 368 107,881 98,597 Native —Europeans 174 135 47 66 55 68 50 60 55 62 45 43 62 35 5 7 493 476 Maoris .. 1,573 1,438 449 435 384 400 365 379 309 278 174 202 104 127 3 15 3,361 3,274 Public primary — Chatham .... 18 19 10 10 11 10 6 12 9 7 11 4 9 5 .... 74 67 Island " Private primary and lower de- .. .. 3,125 3,114 1,486 1,543 1,473 1,668 1,686 1,777 1,585 1,883 1,523 1,829 1,386 1,679 211 422 12,475 13,915 partments of secondary schools ' Junior high .. .. .. 771 591 710 580 113 103 1,594 1,274 Secondary departments of dis- ! 1,119 924 818 704 701 549 139 113 2,777 2,290 trict high schools Secondary.. .. 2,2682,217 2,0921,995 2,7931,973 838 529 7,991 6,714 Combined .. 416 306 345 291 363 239 137 73 1,261 909 Technical.. .. 2,2401,6921,591 1,2441,040 761 143 75 5,014 3,772 Endowed schools and registered 662 687 634 639 770 636 181 163 2,247 2,125 private secondary schools Correspondence .. 214 212 80 85 75 81 53 72 53 65 36 65 37 51 93 135 47 59 16 37 .. .. 704 862 Totals .. .. 304 219 34.68330,798 15,407|14, 377 15,49114,474 16,436 15,535 15,659 15,163 14,903 14,556 12,879 12,1977,4626,876 5,5274,932 5,683 4,195 1,438 953145,872134,275

2—E. 1

E.—l

Table F.—Median Ages of Full-time Pupils in the various Standards and Forms as at 1st July, 1932.

9

Special Class for Clag8 p Standard L Standard II. Standard III. Standard IV. Form I. Form II. Form III. Form IV. Form V. Form VI. the Mentally Type of School. Backward. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. | Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Ill Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M.j Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M.l Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Public primary .. .. 11 11 12 16 76 68 38 09 39 010 410 211 411 212 512 213 413 113 11 13 9 Native— Europeans 7 0 7 1 8 3 1 8 4 9 7 9 410 810 511 11 11 812 912 313 9.13 114 614 8 Maoris .. 7 5 7 3 9 8: 9 710 910 711 10 11 712 812 713 713 514 314 614 615 3 | Private primary and lower .. .. 6 5 6 5 8 21 7 11 9 3 9 010 410 111 411 212 512 413 513 314 614 9 departments of secondary schools Junior high • • .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. • • .. • • .. 12 312 313 413 214 514 2 Secondary departments of I 14 113 1115 014 1116 316 117 417 4 district high schools Secondary .. j 13 1113 1015 014 1116 516 117 517 4 Combined .. 13 1113 1014 1114 916 216 217 317 4 Technical.. .. 14 313 1115 114 1116 416 217 617 6 Endowed schools and registered .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. •• .. •• •• •• .. 14 314 115 315 216 616 ol7 117 4 private secondary schools Correspondence 7 0 7 ll 8 7 8 4 9 6 9 710 210 511 1011 512 612 1113 813 514 013 1114 1014 11117 916 2 .. ■ I I ■■■■II I I

E.—1.

7. REGULARITY OF ATTENDANCE. The regularity of attendance in public schools and junior high schools and departments has continued at a highly satisfactory figure, the average attendance for the year 1932 being 92-20 per cent, of the average weekly roll number, a slight decrease when compared with the figure for 1931. In the Nelson Education District the very creditable figure of 94-17 per cent, was reached, and again in the Otago Education District a high degree of regularity was maintained. In none of the States of Australia, England, Wales, or Scotland is attendance at primary schools so regular as in New Zealand. 8. STAFFS OF SCHOOLS, The following table shows the number of adult teachers in the public primary schools of the different grades and in Forms I and II of junior high schools and departments.

Table H1.—Number of Adult Teachers employed in Primary Departments of Public Schools and in Forms I and II of Junior High Schools and Departments, December, 1932.

The increase in the number of adult teachers in public schools and junior high schools and departments at the end of 1932, when compared with the previous year, may be attributed to the policy of appointing additional assistants where, in the opinion of the Department, such a course is deemed desirable. There were nearly one hundred more additional assistants in the schools at the end of this year when compared with the number at the same time last year. No probationers were appointed in 1932 and no probationary assistants were attached to schools for further training. The positions held by the latter were filled by relieving assistants for a period of service lasting for one term. The relieving assistants employed during the last term of the year are included in the foregoing table.

10

Sole Teachers, Head Teachers. Teachers' Total Adu!t Teachers. Grade of School * ; — M. I F. M. j F. M. P. M. F. Total. I Grade 0 (1-8) .. 30 155 .. .. .. .. 30 155 185 I (9-20) .. 390 350 .. .. .. .. 390 350 740 II (21-35) .. 218 201 24 21 .. 45 242 267 509 IIIA (36-50) .. 8 7 182 105 2 285 192 397 589 „ IIIb (51-80) . . 1 .. 214 43 2 274 217 317 534 „ IIIc (81-120) 120 7 6 249 126 256 382 „ IV (121-240) 138 2 106 434 244 436 680 Y (241-360) 76 .. 131 373 207 373 580 „ VI (361-480) 57 .. 146 387 203 387 590 „ VII (over 480) 103 .. 402 998 505 998 1,503 Junior high schools and .. . . 2+ 54 36 56 36 92 departments! — All grades— !932 .. .. 647 713 916 178 849 3,081 2,412 3,972 6,384 1931 .. .. 617 798 882 172 807 3,000 2,306 3,970 6,276 Difference .. .. +30 -85 +34 +6 +42 +81 +106 +2 j +108 * The grade of school given above is the grade in which the school is placed when all attached side schools are included, while part-time schools taught by the same teacher are counted as one school. f There was one principal of a junior high school. The other head teacher accounted for here and not elsewhere is the head teacher of Waihi District High School (to which is attached a junior-high-school department).

E— 1.

The following table indicates the number of women for each 100 men teachers :—

Table H2.-Ratio of Men to Women Teachers in Primary Schools and Forms I and II of Junior High Schools and Departments.

Since 1918, when the absence of men teachers on active service was still felt, there has been on the whole a steady drop in the proportion of women teachers in all classes of schools. In the case of training-college students the proportion of men students has again increased over that of the previous year. The most notable increase in the proportions in favour of men is recorded, however, in the group of schools requiring a sole teacher.

Table H3.—Number of Adult Full-time Teachers employed in Departmental Schools December, 1931, and December, 1932.

In addition to the above the following numbers of teachers were also employed : —

11

1918. 1922. 1927. 1928. I 1929. j 1930. 1931. 1932. I L Adult teachers — All schools .. .. ..253 197 187 183 184 177 172 165 Schools with roll 1-20 .. 523 299 202 185 162 157 156 120 Schools with roll over 20 . . 227 182 185 182 188 181 175 174 Pupil-teachers .. .. .. 425 223 ****** Probationers 688 349 236 303 265 224 177 f Training-college students .. 488 256 213 227 242 282 226 201 * The position of " pupil-teacher " has now been abolished. fNo probationers were appointed in 1932.

December, 1931. December, 1932. Principals Principals and Sole Assistant Total Adult and Sole Assistant Total Adult Type of School. and Head Teachers. Teachers. and Head Teachers. Teachers. Teachers. Teachers. M. P. M. P. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. - | . Public (primary) .. 1,497] 970 7582,9662,2553,9361,561 891 7953,0452,3563,936 Junior high* .. .. 2 .. 49 34 51 34 1 .. 54 36 55 36 Secondary departments of .. •• 124 91 124 91 fl .. 118 96 119 96 district high schools and Form III, junior high schools Secondary .. 28 14 340 273 368 287 26 12 310 253 336 265 Combined .. 1 1 12 10 13 11 4 3 56 35 60 38 Technical . 22 .. 216 138 238 138 21 .. 219 145 240 145 Native (primary) . . . . 95; 44 10 73 105 117 93 42 9 74 102 116 Chatham Island .. .. 4j .. 2 4 2 4 1 2 4 3 Correspondence— Primary .. .. li .. 1 13 2 13 1 .. 4 17 5 17 Post-primary .. .. .J.. 6 4 6 4.... 5 6 5 6 Special 2-2 7 13 9 15 2 2 8 12 10 14 Total .. .. l,652'l,0311,5233,6173,1754,6481,714 9511,5783,7213,2924,672 * Where the junior high school is attached to a secondary, technical, or district high school only the teachers of Forms I and II are included here. f This is the head teacher of the Waihi District High School, to which is attached a junior-high-school department.

1931. 1932. M. F. M. F. Manual instructors .. .. ■ • 93 69 88 67 Student teachers in technical schools 11 6 6 2 Junior assistant teachers in Native schools 6 95 6 103

E.—l.

g. NUMBER OF PUPILS AND ADULT TEACHERS IN THE PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND FORMS I AND II OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS AND DEPARTMENTS IN THE DIFFERENT EDUCATION DISTRICTS. The following table gives the number of children attending public primary schools and Forms I and II of junior high schools and departments in the different education districts and the number of adult teachers in these schools at the end of 1932. The figures are exclusive of the secondary departments of district high schools.

Table J.

The foregoing table gives a complete picture of the pupils, schools, and departments and teachers concerned with primary instruction in each education district. The relative responsibilities of each Education Board can thus be seen, but in Auckland, Wellington, and Otago districts two intermediate departments which are controlled by High School Boards are included. io. SIZE OF CLASSES. . As will be seen from the following table, the average number of children per adult teacher in the public primary schools is not unreasonably high.

Table K1.-Average Number of Children per Adult Class-teacher in Public Primary Schools.

N.B. —The average attendance shown for each grade school in the above table does not correspond with that shown m table C 1, owing to the fact that in Table C 1 part-time and side schools are taken separately, thus altering the grades of various schools for the purpose of the tiicit table.

12

Education District. Enrolment. Department! Adult Teachers. Auckland .. .. .. 64,822 758 1,934 Taranaki .. .. .. 11,524 170 '369 Wanganui .. .. .. 15,782 218 508 Hawke's Bay .. .. .. 15,442 193 472 Wellington .. .. .. 27,347 248 811 Nelson .. .. .. 6,529 133 242 Canterbury .. .. .. 34,813 379 1,034 Otago.. .. .. .. 19,608 247 'ô38 Southland .. .. .. 11,413 182 376 Totals •• 207,280 2,528 6,384

Total . w i. p i - r, rti , Average Avera g e Number of Child. Number of Adult Teachers. Attendance ren P er Adult Class " Grade of School. for Year teacher. ended 31st All Head 0I ag „ August, 1932 Teachers. Teac *iers teacher " (Primary 1931. 1932. excluded. only). 0 (1-8) 185 .. 185 1,200 6 6 1 ( 9 - 20 ) •• •• 740 .. 740 10,882 15 15 T I"! •• •• 509 509 12 > 57 5 26 25 IIIa (36 50) .. .. 589 .. 589 12,828 22 22 IIIb (51-80) .. .. 534 .. 534 15,887 30 30 mo (81-120) .. .. 382 .. 382 11,961 32 31 IV (121-240) .. .. 680 .. 680 23,705 36 35 V (241-360) .. .. 580 .. 580 22,654 41 39 VI (361-480) .. .. 590 56 534 23,245 44 44 VII (481 and over) .. .. 1,503 104 1,399 59,453 44 43 Junior high schools and depart- 92 2 90 2,568 28* 29* ments (Forms I and II only) All schools.. .. 6,384 162 6,222 196,958 32 32~~ * These figures are low on account of the inclusion of 20 and 25 manual who devote part of their time to secondary departments.

E.—l.

Table K2.—Size of Classes in Schools of Grade IV and over.

Table K3. -Change in Average Number of Pupils per Adult Teacher in Public Primary Schools and Forms I and II of Junior High Schools and Departments.

It will be seen that no change in the average number of children per adult classteacher was recorded this year, but when all adult teachers in the schools were considered (Table K 3), there was a slight drop in the number of pupils per adult teacher. Although the number of large classes was not materially reduced during the year, the retention of additional assistants helped considerably in this direction, and it would appear that for the ensuing year (see Table K 3) there will be a still greater improvement. ii. CLASSIFICATION OF TEACHERS. The following tables give the status in regard to certificates of teachers in primary schools, junior high schools and departments, secondary departments of district high schools and Native schools, and the classification of teachers in secondary, technical, and combined schools : —

Table L1.-Status in regard to Certificates of Teachers in Primary Schools and Forms I and II of Junior High Schools and Departments as in December.

13

February, 1927. February, ] 932. February, 1933. Number of Children. N aSL o1 ; p » c ™"- I Under 31 193 7 258 8-0 387 12'8 31_40 . • 726 24 758 24-0 911 300 41_50 ' .. 1,087 37 1,197 38-0 1,106 36'5 51_60 .. .. .. 817 27 825 26-5 575 19'0 61 and over .. •. 158 5 107 3*5 52 1 - 7 Total .. .. 2,981 100 3,145 lOO'O 3,031 100

Average Attendance Number Qf Numbf)r of pupUs Year - end f g Adult Teachers. Adult Teacher. 31st August. 1925 . .. •• 194,741 6,002 32-4 1926 .. •• 192,588 6,183 31-1 1927 .. .. 192,284 6,230 30-8 1928 .. -■ 195,411 6,341' 30-8 1929 .. .. 195,359 6,438 30-3 1930* .. .. 196,115 6,479 30-3 1931* .. .. .. 197,528 6,276 31-5 1932* .. .. •• 196,958 6,384 30-9 * Prior to 1930 only pupils and adult teachers in those junior high schools under the control of the Auckland Education Board were included.

1930. 1931. 1932. Number. Number. Number. I r " centage. centage. I centage. I. Certificated teachers .. .. 5,921 91 5,674 90 6,316 99 II. Uncertificated teachers — (1) Holding licenses.. .. 7 .. 4 ■■ 1 (2) Unlicensed .. .. 199 3 125 2 67 1 (3) Probationary assistants . . 352 6 473 8 * Total uncertificated .. 558 9 602 10 68 1 Totals of I and II .. .. 6,479 100 6,276 1 100 6,384 100 * Probationary assistants were not allotted to schools in 1932, their positions being filled at the beginning of each term by ex-students without permanent positions to enable them to obtain at least one term's employment during the year. At the end of the year there were 490 of these ex-students in probationary assistants' positions, of which number only 2 were uncertificated.

35.—l.

The high percentage of certificated teachers in the schools at the end of this year is due to the employment of assistants in place of probationary assistants. It will be seen, however, that there has been a steady decline in the number of uncertificated teachers who are also unlicensed, and in this connection it should be stated that a number of these teachers, although not the holders of teachers' certificates, are classified as technical-school teachers and teach technical subjects in junior high schools and departments.

Table L2.—Certificates held by Teachers in Primary Schools and Forms I and II of Junior High Schools and Departments as in December.

In 1932 84 per cent, of the total number of certificated teachers held certificates above Class D, an increase of 3 per cent, on the figure for the previous year.

Table L3. —Certificates held by Teachers in the Secondary Departments of District High Schools and Form III of Separate Junior High Schools.

The slight difference between the totals here and in Table H 3 is due to the fact that some teachers in these schools are classified as secondary- or technical-school teachers and are not the holders of teachers' certificates.

Table L4. —Certificates held by Teachers in Native Primary Schools. (Junior Assistant Teachers are excluded.*)

14

1931. 1932. Class of Certificate. i — M. F. Total. M. F. Total. A ...... 39 5 44 40 7 47 B .. .. .. 697 407 1,104 774 462 1,236 C .. .. .. 1,172 2,255 3,427 1,339 2,687 4,026 D .. .. .. 259 799 1,058 234 742 976 E ...... 6 35 41 7 24 31 Total .. .. 2,173 3,501 5,674 2,394 3,922 6,316

1931. 1932. Class of Certificate. : — M. ; F. Total. M. F. Total. A .. . . .. 13 11 24 16 9 25 B .. .. . . 92 68 160 89 75 164 C ...... 16 9 25 11 9 20 D ...... 2 2 4 1 1 E Total .. .. 123 90 213 116 94 210

1931. 1932. Class of Certificate. — — M. F. Total. M. F. Total. A B ...... 11 5 16 11 6 17 C .. .. .. 40 36 76 42 40 82 D .. .. .. 26 22 48 23 24 47 E 1 1 1 1 Total certificated teachers .. 77 64 141 76 71 147 Uncertificated teachers .. 28 53 81 26 45 71 Grand total .. 105 117 222 102 116 218 * These assistants correspond to probationers in the primary schools.

E. —1.

A perusal of the above table shows that while the number of adult teachers decreased, the number of certificated adult teachers in Native primary schools increased, and the number of uncertificated teachers has been reduced.

Table L5.— Grading of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Secondary and Combined Schools as in December and prior to the Issue of the Annual Grading List.

KB.—Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary, technical, and combined schools.

Table L6.—Classification of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Technical High and Day Schools and in Combined Schools as in December, 1932, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List.

N ote .—(i) To be classified in Divison I a teacher must be the holder of a University degree or equivalent qualification. (2) Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary, technical, and combined schools.

Table L7. —Classification of Full-time Teachers of Manual-training Classes as in December, 1932, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List.

Note. —(1) To be classified in Division I a teacher must be the holder of a University degree or equivalent qualification. (2) In 1932 four of the men and five of the women were attached to certain junior high schools or departments under the control of the Auckland Education Board. These are included also among the staffs of those junior high schools.

15

1931. 1932. Grade of Teacher. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. A 84 60 144 93 61 154 B 74 60 134 83 62 145 C 122 85 207 129 87 216 D . .. .. 72 78 150 53 75 128 Total .. .. 352 283 635 358 j 285 643 I

Class j VII. VI. j V. ! IV. III. II. Totals. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Division I .. • • 0 2 14 12 41 14 55 13 34 21 28 21 25 23 197 106 Division II .. .. 0 4 3 16 18 22 27 11 15 8 12 13 3 0 78 74 Totals .. 0 6 17 28 59 36 82 24 49 29 j 40 34 28 23 275 180 Grand totals .. 6 45 95 106 78 ' 74 51 455 | J 1

Clas, VII. VI. j V. I IV. III. | II. ! Totals. M P. M. P. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Division I ■■ 10 1 4 3 3 5 1 6 0 20 18 35 Division IT .. ..0 1 7 3 20 9 14 7 13 8 7 3 9 1 70 32 Totals .. 0 1 7 3 30 10 18 10 16 13 8 9 9 21 88 67 *; v ) y v ' Y > s y ' K Y ' y V ; 1 V ' y Y ' Grand totals 1 10 40 28 29 17 30 155

E.—l.

12. SALARIES OF TEACHERS. The average salaries (including house allowances, value of residences, and all other allowances) of adult teachers in primary schools in 1914 and for the last five years are shown in the following table : — Under the provisions of the Finance Act, 1931, the salaries of all teachers, in common with those of all public servants, were reduced by 10 per cent, as from the Ist April, 1931. Salaries were further reduced under the provisions of the National Expenditure Adjustment Act, 1932, as from the Ist April, 1932. The reductions made were 5 per cent, on salaries not exceeding £225 per annum, 10 per cent, between that figure and not exceeding £720, and 12| per cent, on those exceeding that figure. The reductions noted in average salaries therefore in the years 1931 and 1932 are as a result of the operation of the afore-mentioned provisions. Table M I.—Average Salaries of Primary-school Teachers (exclusive of Teachers in Junior High Schools* and Departments and Secondary Departments op District High Schools) as in December. 1914. 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. (1) Teachers m all schools — £ £ £ £ £ £ (a) Men and women .. . . 163 280 281 281 255 228 (b) Men .. .. .. .. 224 354 356 351 320 283 (c) Women .. .. .. 128 240 240 242 218 195 (2) Teachers in schools with average attendance over eight— (а) Men and women .. .. .. 287 287 288 261 232 (б) Men .. .. .. .. .. 358 359 354 323 286 (c) Women .. .. .. .. 247 246 249 224 200 (3) Teachers in schools with average attendance over twenty — (а) Men and women . . . . 291 290 291 265 236 (б) Men .. .. .. .. . . 370 376 370 338 301 (c) Women .. 246 245 248 223 199 (4) Head teachers— (a) Men .. .. .. .. 443 441 400 357 (b) Women .. .. .. . 374 368 381 345 309 (5) All sole teachers— (а) Men .. .. .. .. 276 279 282 251 222 (б) Women .. .. .. .. 241 242 243 220 199 (6) Assistants— (а) Men .. .. .. .. ~ 309 313 304 283 249 (б) Women .. .. .. .. 233 232 233 210 188

* Prior to 1931 those junior-high-school teachers in the service of an Education Board were included. In 1931 and 1932 all teachers in junior high schools and departments are excluded.

16

3—E. 1

E. —1.

Table M 2.—Average Salaries (inclusive of all Allowances and, Value of Residence for Principals where provided) of Full-time Teachers in Junior High and Post-primary Schools and of Manual Instructors as at 1st December.

Manual Instructors.— Average Rate of Salary of Manual Instructors as on 1st December.

17

192j9. 1932. Principals. Assistants. All Teachers. Principals. | All Teachers. Men. Women. Men. Women. Men. Women. 1 Men. Women. Men. .Women. j Men. Women. I . I 1 ! * ! L_ ! ! ££££%£££ £ £ £ £££££££ Junior high schools and departments* .. .. .. •• •• 370 284 333, .. .. .. •• v •• 307 232 277 Secondary departments of district high schools* .. .. .. • ■ 340 288 3-16 .. .. .. .. .. • • 291 236 266 Secondary schools 789 573 716 397 290 348 429 305 373 653 472 596 339 242 296 363 253 315 Combined schools , 636 446 554 337 243 301 357 259 319 Technical high and day schoolsf .. ..718 .. 7.18 403 25? 347 434 259 371 593 .. 593 334 | 218 288 357 218 305 * With the exception at. a separate junior high, school under the. Auckland Education Board, all %e above are under the control 01 the Principal oi a secondary school or the headmaster of a public school. Hence the salaries given are confined to those of assistants. t At 30th June, 1929. .

1929.* 1932. £ £ Men .. .- -• • * • • 362 300 Women .. .. .. •. ■ . 227 198 Men and women . , .. .. . . 303 256 * 30th June.

E.—l.

Table M 3. —Average Salaries (including House Allowances, Value of Residences, and all other Allowances) of Adult Teachers in Native Schools as at 31st December. 1931. 1932. 1. Teachers in all schools — £ £ (a) Men and women .. .. .. .. .. 251 234 (b) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 302 270 (e) Women .. .. .. .. .. .. 206 202 2. Head teachers— (a) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 329 291 (b) Women .. .. .. .. .. .. 300 282 3. Sole teachers— (a) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 226 208 (b) Women .. .. .. .. .. .. 200 216 4. Assistants — (a) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 153* 143* (b) Women .. .. .. .. .. .. 172 166 *No male assistant is employed in a Native school unless he is the husband of the headmistress. Consequently he does not receive lodging-allowance. 13. PUPILS LEAVING PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS. In 1932 21,466 pupils (11 197 boys and 10,269 girls) left primary public schools. Of these, 16,930 (79 per cent.) had passed Form 11. In the last five years the numbers leaving have been as follow :—

14. PUPILS COMMENCING POST - PRIMARY COURSE IN STATE SCHOOLS. In 1932 11,579 pupils (6,223 boys and 5,356 girls) commenced post-primary education in State post-primary schools. In the last five years the numbers commencing post-primary education in these schools have been as follow : —

The number of pupils who gain proficiency certificates in public primary schools and junior high schools and departments and who go on to State postprimary schools is not obtained from the schools. It is known, however, that of pupils who commenced a post-primary course in State schools in 1932, 11,019 came from public primary schools or junior high schools and departments. The great majority of these pupils will have obtained proficiency certificates in the previous year, some will have only a competency certificate, while a few will be paying students. In the table below the figures obtained have been expressed as a percentage, but from the foregoing remarks it will be seen that a slightly lower percentage than that given is the true percentage of those pupils who gain proficiency passes in the schools mentioned, and who go on to State post-primary schools.

18

Y ar Total Number Number who Percentage who leaving. passed Form II. passed Form II. 1928 .. .. .. .. 23,742 18,508 78 1929 .. .. .. .. 23,022 17,852 78 1930 .. .. .. .. 21,715 17,264 80 1931 .. .. .. .. 20,268 15,709 78 1932 .. .. .. .. 21,466 16,930 79

Total Number Number of these Percentage coming Year. commencing coming from Public from Public Post-primary Course. Primary Schools. Primary Schools. 1928 .. .. .. .. 12,291 11,800 96 1929 .. .. .. .. 12,697 12,223 96 1930 .. .. .. .. 13,012 12,506 96 1931 .. .. .. .. 12,585 12,055 96 1932 .. .. .. .. 11,579 11,019 95

Year of commencing post-primary course .. 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. . . Number of proficiency passes in previous 18,023 18,662 17,465 17,372 14,128 year in public primary schools and junior high schools Number of pupils who commenced a post- 11,800 12,223 12,506 12,055 11,019 primary course in State schools and who came from public primary schools or junior high schools and departments Percentage .. .. .. .. 65 65 72 69 78

E. —1.

The ages at which pupils commenced their post-primary course are given in the following table : —

Table N.—Ages at which Pupils commence Post-primary Course.

In 1931 22 per cent, and in 1932 23 per cent, of those commencing a postprimary course did so under the age of thirteen years. 15. DESTINATION OF PUPILS LEAVING SCHOOL. A summary of the destination returns obtained from the schools, through the various Boards, is given in the following tables :

Table O1.-Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Public Primary Schools during or at End of Year 1932.

19

Age at which Post-primary Course commenced. Total Numbers commencing — v Post-primary Under 12 12 Ye ars. 13 Years. 14 Years. , Education. .Years. ana over * ' " " i Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys., Girls. Boys. Girls. Secondary .. 82 72 561 564 1,014 1,054 j 485 463 127 772,269 2,230 Combined .. 14 9 84 89 163 113 ( 118 77 41 22 420 310 Technical.. .. 25 32 262 301 861 772 799 522 302 1232,249 1,750 District hi°h .. 49 36 248 236 459 417 324 216 105 651,185 970 Junior high .. 1 4 16 16 39 33 36 21 8 22 100 96 Totals—1932 .. 171 153 1,171 1,206 2,536 2,389 ll,762 1,299 583 309 6,223 5,356 1931 .. 106 106 1,178 1,321 2,806 2,707 1,907 1,480 639 3356,636 5,949 Difference .. —(—65 +47 —7 —115 —270 —318 ' —145 181 56 26 413 593

Totals. Had passed Had not passed Form II. .Form II. Boys. Girls. Destination. Pgr Pgp Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Number. Number. Post-primary .. .. •• 5,753 5,118 194 130 5,947 53 5,248 51 Commercial occupations — (a) Clerical (including typing) 17 13 5 2 22 * 15 (b) Shop and warehouse assistants 177 82 106 61 283 3 143 1 Trades — (a) Engineering . . . • 37 . . 22 .. 59 1 (b) Building .. • • 23 .. 15 .. 38 * c Other 96 28 55 16 151 1 44 1 Agricultural and pastoral .. 1,573 123 1,138 92 2,711 24 215 2 Other occupations .. • • 350 191 289 185 639 6 376 4 Home • ■ ..651 2,497 456 1,549 1,107 10 4,046 39 Not known ... •• •• 98 103 142 79 240 2 182 2 Totals, 1932 .. •• 8,775 8,155 2,422 2,114 11,197 100 10,269 100 Totals, 1931 .. •• 8,155 7,554 2,392 2,167 10,547 .. 9,721 .. Difference .. • • -j-620 —601 +30 —53 +650 .. —(—548 * Insignificant percentage.

E.—l.

Table O2.—Percentages of Pupils leaving Primary Schools in 1929-32 who proceeded to the various Destinations and Occupations.

Table O3. —Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Junior High Schools and Departments during or at End of 1932.

Table O4.—Percentages of Pupils leaving Junior High Schools and Departments in 1929-32 who proceeded to various Destinations and Occupations.

20

Boys. Gals. Destination. s — — 1929. 1930. ,193.1- 1932. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. Per,Cent- iPer Gent., Per:Cent. Jfer Cent- PerCent. PerCent. PerCent. PerCent. Post-primary .. 51 53 53 53 53 53 51 51 Commercial occupations— (a) Clerical (including 11* *11** typing) (fo) Stop and warehouse 4 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 assistants Trades — (a) Engineering .. 1 1 1 1 (b) Building .. 2 1 1 * (c) Other .. ..4 2 1 1 * * * 1 Agricultural and pastoral 20 22 24 24 2 2 2 2 Other occupations .. 7 6 5 6 5 4 4 4 Home .. .. 7 9 10 10 33 36 39 39 Not known .. 3 3 3 2 -3 3 3 2 Totals .. .. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 * Insignificant percentage.

Boys. Girls. Occupation. | — First Second Third T . , First Second Third r „ , , .. Year. Year. Year. Tota1 ' Furcenta S°' Year. Year. Year. TotaL Percentage. Continued full-time 60 454 45 559 68 48 31,7 35 400 t 60 education Commercial (clerical, 4 18 18 40 5 .. 8 14 22 ,3 typing, shop, and warehouse) Trades .. .. 2 26 29 57 7 .. 4 6 10 2 Agricultural and pas- 7 54 7 68 8 .. 3 3 1 -toral Home .. .. 3 36 14 " 53 7 18 130 53 201 30 Miscellaneous .. 4 14 18 36 4 .. 6 13 19 3 Not known .. 1 3.. 4 PL 2 5.. 7 1 Totals, 1932 .. 81 605 j 131 817 100 68 473 121 662 100 Totals, 1931 .. 93 500 | 80 673 .. 89 393 111 593 Difference .. —12 +105 +51 +144 .. —21 +80 +10 +69

■Boys. Girls. Occupation. — = 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1929. 1930. 1931. tl93.2. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Continued full-time education .. 61 67 64 68 60 60 61 60 Commercial (clerical, typing, shop, 576556 3 3 and warehouse) Trades .. .. .. 9 4 5 7 2 .. 2 2 Agricultural and pastoral 10 8 8 8 . . * . . 1 Home .. .. .. 4 5 10 7 25 26 30 30 Miscellaneous .. .. .. 6 6 6 4 4 4 3 3 Not known .. .. ..5 3 1 1 4 4 1 1 Totals .. .. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 * No significant percentage.

e.—a.

Table O5.—Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Post-primary Schools during or at the End of the Year 1932.

21

i Technical High and Secondary Departments of Totals Secondary Schools. i Combined Schools. gchools. District High Schools. Occupation. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Hum- Per Slum- Per ! Num- Per Sum- Per Sum- Per Sum- Per Num- Per Num- Per Num- | Per Nam- Per ber. Cent. ber. Cent, j ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. j Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. | Cent. ber. Cent. University College .. .. 200 8 107 5 21 5 11 3 18 1 2 | * 13 1 8 1 252 128 Teaching or training college .. 6* 8* 1* 7 2 4 * 6 1* Clerical — ! . ' n u Government or local body 37 111 1 4 1 18 1 7 1 7 . Banks, insurance .... 65 2 2 * 9 2.... 7 * 2 * 2 * -- .. 83 4 * Legal 36 1 2 * 10 3 .. .. 6 * 6 * 7 1 3 * 59 1 11 * Commercial .. 349 13 197 8 36 9 32 8 143 6 176 10 42 3 38 4 570 8 443 8 Engineering surveying, and 44 2 .. 14 3 . . 83 3 10 1 architecture Various trades and industries .. 328 13 81 4 40 10 16 4 565 23 183 10 114 9 17 1 1,047 16 297 5 Shop and warehouse .. 341 13 189 8 60 15 30 8 309 1-2 176 j 10 152 1-2 80 8 86 Farming .. .. ..598 23 5 117 29 2 1 548 22 24 2 578 46 7 1 1,841 27 38 1 Home _ .. .. 83 3 1,096 47 28 7 144 38 35 2 795 45 95 8 704 68 241 4 2,739 50 Other occupations .. .. 74 3 191 8 18 5 22 6 131 5 55 3 72 6 55 5 295 4 323 6 Not known 456 18 453 19 45 11 113 30 627 25 337; 19 148 12 115 11 1,276 19 1,018 18^ Totals 1932 .. 2,617 100 2,342 100 403 100 377 100 2,494 100 1,769 100 1,245 100 1,037 100 6,759 100 5,525 100 1931 .. 2,356 .. 2,232 .. 63 .. 76 .. 1,850 .. 1,692; .. 978 .. 936 .. 5,247 .. 4,936 Difference .. .. +261 .. +110 .. +340 .. +301 .. +B44 .. +77 j .. +267 .. +101 .. +1512 .. +589 1 , L - . . , i ♦No significant percentage.

E.—l

Table O6.—Percentages of Boys leaving Post-primary Schools in 1929-32 who proceeded to the University or to Employment in the Three Main Occupational Groups.

The outstanding feature of the foregoing tables is the increase in the number of children leaving school at the end of 1932 when compared with the previous year. In the case of public schools, probably the majority of pupils who remained in Form II for a further year, following their failure in the Proficiency Certificate Examination, were successful in their second attempt, and thus helped to swell the numbers leaving this year. In 1931 there was a falling-off in the number of proficiency passes, but this year the number was nearer the normal percentage of passes. In regard to the increase in the number of children leaving post-primary schools, this can probably be accounted for in the fact that those who, in the previous two years, remained at school longer than was first intended, due to lack of openings in the various professions and trades, &c., have now no option but to leave school. No variation is recorded in the percentages of pupils who go on to post-primary education from public schools, or to University from post-primary schools. l fjA pleasing feature of these tables is the almost universal increase in the percentage of pupils leaving all types of State schools who proceeded to further fulltime education of a higher grade or to some definite occupation. This is shown in the Table P in the next section. 16. VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE AND PLACEMENT. The efforts made in the past to give some guidance to boys and girls leaving post-primary schools as to the most suitable employment they should seek, having regard to their special aptitudes, have not been relaxed during the year under review. While the state of affairs in professions, trades, &c., remains as at present the work of vocational guidance has, to some extent, been subordinated to the difficult problem of placing boys and girls in situations. In this connection parents not unnaturally are inclined to accept any position that is offering rather than wait for what might seem a more congenial one for their children. Outside organizations have again given valuable assistance in co-operating with teachers in solving the problems of securing employment for children leaving school. To a lesser extent the task of selecting suitable occupations for children leaving post-primary schools has been lightened by the extension of the progress-card system to these schools. Every pupil now leaving a post-primary school will receive a card on which is recorded his teacher's report on the standard of attainment reached by the pupil in his course and also a statement of his aptitudes. This information should be helpful to the parent and also the employer.

Table P. —Percentages of Pupils leaving Primary, Junior High, and Post-primary Schools in 1929-32 who are known to have proceeded to Further Full-time Education of a Higher Grade or to some Definite Occupation (Home excluded).

22

University. 8ho™ and wSorae. Farming. Trades and Industries. Class of School. 1929.1930.1931. 1932. 1929.193oJl931. |l932. 1929.1930.1931. 1932. 1929.1930.1931.1932. Secondary .. .. .. 3 7 9 8 50 35 28 32 19 25 28 23 12 12 11 13 Combined .. .. 5 .. .. 35 33 .. .. 33 29 .. .. 14 10 Technical .. .. .. * 1 1 1 38 32 22 22 18 22 27 22 25 18 15 23 District high .. .. .. ] * 2 1 34 27 16 18 33 43 46 46 17 11 11 9 All schools .. .. 2 4 4 4 43 33 24 26 21 27 31 27 17 14 13 16 * No significant percentage.

Boys. Girls. Class of School. • . 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. Primary .. 90 88 87 88 64 61 58 59 Junior high .. 91 92 89 92 71 70 69 69 Secondary .. 87 80 78 79 48 37 29 34 Combined .. .. .. .. 89 82 .. .. 22 32 Technical .. ..85 74 67 73 48 34 28 36 Secondary departments of 88 83 76 80 37 27 21 21 district high schools All post-primary schools.. 86 79 74 77 45 35 27 32

E.—l.

17. LENGTH OF POST - PRIMARY COURSE. The returns compiled in 1932 by teachers show also the duration of the postprimary course taken by pupils who have now left school. Summarized, the position is as follows :—

Table Q1.

No returns have been obtained from post-primary schools giving the actual length of school life of each individual pupil, but from the information summarized in the above table it is possible to give an approximation of the average length of school life of those pupils who left in 1932. This is obtained by dividing the total school life of all pupils leaving during the year by the total number of such pupils. For this purpose a pupil leaving in his first year is taken to have a school life of one year and so on till those leaving in a fourth year or later are taken as four years onlv. Some pupils stay for five or six years, but this fact is compensated for when it is considered that many pupils leaving in their first and second year cannot be said to have a school life of one and two years respectively. The following figures are given, therefore, with the reservation that they are not compiled from exact information, but they are nevertheless not far from being correct :■ Average Length of School Life. y. M. Secondary schools .. . . .. • ■ .. 211 Combined schools .. .. .. .. ..28 Technical high and day schools . . . . .. ..23 Secondary departments of district high schools .. ..24 All post-primary schools .. .. . . • • ..27 In the case of pupils who enter upon post-primary courses and leave during the same year, information has been obtained showing in months the duration of the school life of such pupils. The information received is tabulated in the table below. It will be noted that the totals, except in the case of combined schools, are slightly below those shown as leaving in the first year in Table Q 1 preceding. This difference is due to the fact that Table Q 2 concerns those pupils who commenced and finished their courses in the same year, while Table Q 1 includes in " leaving in first year " pupils who, though in the first year of their course when they left, actually commenced that course in a previous calendar year or at a private secondary school.

Table Q2.-Number of Children who commenced Post-primary Courses in 1932 and who definitely left in the same Year.

23

Secondary Combined TechS Di8^® gh All Schools. Schools. Schools. Day g chools _ Schools. Number. j Number. Number. Number. | Number. Leaving in first year .. 597 12 134 17 1,190 28 672 29 2,593 21 Leaving in second year 1,254 25 219 28 1,582 37 721 32 3,776 31 Leaving in third year .. 1,102 22 173 22 849 20 426 19 2,550 21 Leaving in fourth and 2,006 41 254 33 642 15 463 20 3,365 27 later year Totals 1932 •• 4,959 100 780 100 4,263 100 2,282 100 12,284 100 Totals, 1931 .. 4,588 .. 139 .. 3,542 .. 1,914 .. 10,183 Difference .. —(—371 .. +641 .. +721 .. +368 .. +2,101

During During During During During During During During During During During First Second Third Fourth Fifth i Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth Eleventh Tvtip of School Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Total. of of of of of of of of of of of Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. B. G. B. G. B. gJ B. G. B. G. B. G.j B. G. B, G.| B. G- B. G. B. G. B. G. Secondary schools .. ..3 3 8 5 7 13|l3 712 711 14 32 22 J8 24 13J20 18140 162J>88 282 Percentage .. ..I T T I I T ! 10 I 6' | T S3 100 Combined schools .. •• 0 20 14 17 2 i 7 15 25 7 1 63 Percentage T Y T ~9 T T j 9 4 4 j" 16 43 100 Technical schools .. -.15 6 20 13 19 20 40 23 29 24 35 25] 55 33 52 36 49 2153 42 337 205 704 448 Percentage { 3 5 ~5 j ' 5 j 8~ T 1 | . 8 47 100 Secondary departments of district 20 1019 1017 817 2318 11 118 21 19 27 22 21 18 30 23149 139 355 301 high schools 1 —v —' K —v —' 1 v ' k v ' 1 v ' 1 v ' \ y y ' - v ' * v ' > y ' K v- ' K -y- ' Percentage .. ..5 5 4 6 4 5 j 6 7 6 | 8 44 100 Totals.. .. .. 38 2147 29 47 42 77 58 61 44 65 6l'll6 78 101 78 98 54410 98 658 531 1,418 1,094 Percentage •• ..2 3 4 6 4 | 5 j 8 7 6 8 47 100

E.—l.

IS. FREE PLACES IN POST - PRIMARY SCHOOLS. The following table gives the number of free-place holders in post-primary schools in 1931 and 1932 : —

Table R.—Free-place Holders as at 1st July.

Of the 31,331 children in attendance in 1932 at public schools providing secondary education, 30,934 held free places and 397 were paying pupils. Ninety-nine per cent, of the children were thus receiving free secondary education. In 1931 411 out of the 31,053 children in attendance were paying pupils. The percentage of children receiving free education in 1932 remained the same as that of the previous year. 19. SPECIAL CLASSES FOR BACKWARD CHILDREN. No new special classes have been opened. Those in existence have continued' to do good work. Careful records have been kept of the pupils leaving special classes for backward children at or above the age of fourteen, and the following information is available : — Per Cent. Transferred to technical classes for further instruction .. .. 2 Usefully employed at home .. .. .. .. .. 26 In! part-time employment .. .. .. .. ..12 In full L time employment .. .. .. .. .. 40 Unemployed .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 In view of the present economic position these figures are very satisfactory. In order to make quite sure of their value, a second investigation was made as to the present position of other backward children who had not had the benefit of special-class tuition. The percentage of unemployed proved to be very much higher than in the special-class group. It would appear, therefore, that these classed are fully justifying their existence. 20. JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS AND DEPARTMENTS. A't the end of this year there were eleven junior high schools and departments, one additional to last year. This was the Waihi Junior High School department attached to the district high school already in existence at that town. This constituted a distinct type from those already in operation, the preparatory to Standard IV classes being accommodated elsewhere. The other schools in operation remained as- in the previous year, except that at Otahuhu. This school is now regarded as a technical high school with a junior-high-school department attached. During the latter months of the year arrangements were being made for the opening of intermediate schools at Napier and Wanganui, as well as for an intermediate department attached to the West Christchurcb District High School. The pupils in preparatory to Standard IV classes in the last-mentioned school will be transferred to neighbouring schools, thus West Christchurch will have the same classes as Waihi. The word "intermediate" will now become general in its use when applied to these schools, in substitution for the words " junior high," this change having; been effected by legislation passed in the last session of Parliament. In addition to this change, others were made in the new regulations, mainly in the direction of meeting difficulties which had arisen in applying the old regulations to the different types of schools and departments which have been established or opened since their issue. There were 2,759 pupils on the rolls of junior high schools and departments at the end of 1932, as compared with 2,689 pupils at the end of the previous year.

24

Secondary Combined High and Departments J J£"? r ,SL U - 0 Schools. Schools. Day of District qSS, qphnn? £wif« Schools. High Schools. Schoola - School. Schools.* Schools. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. J Girls. Junior free plkees .. 4,5704,339 781 610 3,8282,8891,9271,618 113 103 139 214 52 64 11,410 9,837 Senior free plkces .. 3,286 2,314 453 297 1,144 827 8*11 637 .. .. 17 17 4 .. 5,715 4,092 Totals ... ... 7,8566,653 1,234 907 4,972 3,716 2,738 2,255| 113 103 156 231 56 64 17,12513,929 Grand totals, 1932 14,509 2?141 8?688 ~216 ~~m 120 31,054 Graridttotals, 1931 16,226 461 8,418 5,223 314 320 143 31,105 Difference .. -1,717 +1,680 +270 -230 -98 +67 -23 -51

E.—l.

2i. POST-PRIMARY EDUCATION. At the end of 1932 post-primary education was provided for in thirty-eight secondary schools, six combined schools, twenty-one technical schools, one separate junior high school, eighty district high schools, fifty-four endowed schools and registered private secondary schools ; a total of 200, as compared with 201 at the end of 1931. The decrease of four in secondary schools is apparent only, these now being regarded as combined schools. The number of technical schools was reduced by two in consequence of the merging of these two schools under the one controlling authority with the existing secondary schools as combined schools, and increased by the addition of Otahuhu Technical School, making a net reduction in the total of one. Ivowhai was the only separate junior high school, Otahuhu post-primary forms being regarded as a technical high school, and, in the case of district high schools, there was a net decrease of two caused by the closing of Karamea and normal schools at Dunedin and Christchurch and the opening of a district-high-school department at Kurow. The increase of three in the number of registered private secondary schools was due to the approval of applications for registration from Diocesan Girls' School, Hamilton ; Convent, Palmerston North; and St. Mary's Convent, Westport. Two factors contributed to an eventful year for pupils and teachers alike in post-primary schools. The first was the suspension of accrediting and the substitution of a modified Intermediate Examination for pupils desirous of continuing their education with the assistance of senior free places", the second was the substitution of University National Bursaries to be won on the results obtained in the University Entrance Scholarship Examination in place of University Bursaries usually obtained by the great majority of pupils on a higher-leaving-certificate qualification granted without examination. These two subjects are dealt with further in the report of the Chief Inspector of Secondary Schools printed in E.-2. The total roll numbers of full-time day pupils attending post-primary schools at Ist July were as follows : — 1931. 1932. Secondary .. .. •• •• •• 16,445 14,705 Combined .. .. ■■ •• •• 2,170 Technical .. .. •• •• •• 8,541 8,786 Separate junior high school (Form 111 only) .. .. 314 216 Secondary departments of district high schools .. .. 5,291 5,067 Endowed schools and registered private secondary schools .. 4,414 4,372 Totals .. .. •• •• 35,467 35,316 In addition, at the Ist July, 1932, there were 387 pupils receiving secondary instruction by means of correspondence from the Department's Correspondence School. 22. EVENING TECHNICAL CLASSES AND PART - TIME DAY CLASSES. During 1932 evening technical and part-time day classes were conducted at thirty-nine° centres, compared with forty-three centres in 1931. The four centres which did not conduct classes this year were very small when consideration is given to the number of students they catered for in comparison with other centres. As at Ist July these classes provided instruction for 9,459 students, as against 10,536 students in 1931. Of the 9,459 students, 5,963 were males and 3,596 were females, 3,102 of the males and 2,032 of the females held free places, a total of 5,134 compared with 5,316 in 1931. Unfortunately, a decrease in the number of students attending these classes has to be recorded. This is just a further indication that the depression in trade continues with a consequent lack of demand for labour, especially apprentices. No doubt some of the students who would have enrolled in evening classes had they obtained employment, have remained at school as full-time day pupils, but the main reason for the falling-ofi in the numbers may be attributed to the depressed state of industry.

4—E. 1.

25

E.—l.

23. NATIVE SCHOOLS. At the end of 1932 the Department directly controlled and maintained 135 Native schools for the primary education of Maori children in districts where the Maori Race predominates. The following table shows the number of schools, with the enrolment, as at the Ist July, 1931, and Ist July, 1932 : —

European children to the number of 969 attended Native schools in 1932, and are included in the above figures. If these be deducted, the total enrolment of Native children in all primary schools at Ist July becomes 15,785, compared with 15,405 in 1931. The average attendance at Native schools was maintained at a creditably high percentage, 91-0 per cent, of the average weekly roll. Agriculture and handicrafts have received special attention this year, and it is pleasing to be able to report that there has been a decided advance in the quality of the instruction. Boarding schools for the secondary education of the Maoris have been established by religious denominations, and the Government provides a number of scholarships tenable at these schools which are inspected by the Department's officers. There were ten schools at the end of last year with an enrolment of 305 Maori pupils, of whom 118 held Government scholarships. The Maori child who has obtained a proficiency certificate is also entitled to the usual facilities for secondary education provided at a post-primary school. In addition, one Maori boy held a scholarship at Victoria University College, taking a course in arts, and four Maoris held Agricultural Scholarships, two being tenable at St. Stephen's College and two at Wesley College. 24. REGISTERED PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS. The following table summarizes the returns furnished by registered private primary schools with respect to the year 1932 : —

Table S.

The number of schools at the end of the previous year was 305, and the total enrolment 26,726. There has been an increase of four in the number of registered private primary schools when compared with the number at the end of 1931.

26

1931. 1932. Schools. Roll. Schools. ! Roll. Native village schools .. .. .. 139 7,501 135 7,604 Mission schools (primary) .. .. 11 531 11 546 Public schools with Native children enrolled 791 8,384 784 8,604 Totals .. .. .. .. 941 16,416 930 16,754

Undenomi- Catholic Other national Church Church Total. Schools. ! Schools. Schools. Number of schools .. .. .. 33 217 ! 59 309 Roll at December— Boys .. .. .. .. 358 10,880 1,272 12,510 Girls .. .. .. .. 591 11,677 1,632 13,900 Total .. .. .. .. 949 22,557 2,904 26,410 i_ Average attendance .. .. .. 827-2 20,377-1 2,632-6 23,836-9 Teachers (inclusive of head teachers) — Men.. .. .. .. .. 14 50 43 107 Women .. .. .. .. 63 668 119 850 Total .. .. .. .. 77 718 162 957

E.—l.

25 ENDOWED SCHOOLS AND REGISTERED PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS. The following table summarizes the returns furnished by endowed schools and registered private secondary schools with respect to the years 1931 and 1932 .

Table T.

26. CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL. During the year the progress of the Correspondence School has been marked by continued steady growth and development. At the end of December there were 1,186 pupils on the roll in the primary department and 325 in the secondary department a total of 1,511. The corresponding numbers at the end of 1931 were: Primary, 973 ; secondary, 286 : total, 1,259. Of the 1,186 pupils m the primary department, over four hundred were in the infant classes. In addition to the 325 pupils in the secondary department, 136 pupils m Form 111 (Standard VII) of eighty-six country schools were being taught from papers supplied fortnightly from the Correspondence School, making a total of 422 pupils receiving post-primary education through the agency of the Correspondence School. The staff consisted of the headmaster, 21 primary assistants, 11 secondary assistants, and 11 office-assistants. In the primary department a course of study has been provided, and pupils are prepared for the Proficiency Examination m accordance with the syllabus 111 operation in the public schools. The successful introduction of nature-study and needlecraft into the curriculum has been much appreciated by parents and pupils. Of 54 pupils who sat for the examination in Form II at the end of the year, 50 gained certificates of proficiency and 3 certificates of competency. The secondary department completed in 1932 its fourth year in operation. The four years' cycle of assignments covering the University Entrance Examination has consequently been completed in all subjects. Thirteen candidates were presented for the examination, of whom 6 passed. Of the total number presented, 6 had never attended a secondary school, and of these 5 passed. It is of interest to record that of 5 candidates presented in Agriculture, 3 passed, including 1 girl, who secured 74 per cent, of marks and was second highest in the Dominion in this subject. The efficiency of the correspondence system of education, as evidenced by the results obtained in both primary and secondary departments at the public examinations, would appear now to be definitely established. 27. KINDERGARTEN SCHOOLS. The number of'schools, pupils on the roll, and average attendance at schools conducted in 1932 by recognized kindergarten associations were as follow : —

The school at Blenheim was closed at the end of 1931, while in Dunedin there was one less, and in Christchurch one more, than the number of schools in the previous year.

27

j 1931. J 1932. Number of schools .. • • • • • • 51* 55 Roll at 1st July .. •• •• 4,414 1'iik Average attendance .. •• •• •• 4,162 4,115 Teachers (inclusive of Principals) — Men .. • • • • • • 135 123 Women 155 154 Total 290 277 * One of these schools was temporarily closed during 1931 as a result of the Hawke's Bay earthquake.

, . „ , , Pupils on Roll at Average Attendance, Association. Number of Schools. End of 1932 1932 , Auckland 8 *62 345 tt i • 1 56 ob HSwi,y 1 « « Hutt Valley .. ? 378 328 cwSurch :::::: ■> ™ gj» E2W :: :: :: ' 5S Totals, 1932 .. •• 32 1,804 1,400 Totals, 1931 .. • • ' 33 1,976 1;527 Difference.. .. •• ~ 1 - ~ 172 ~ 127

E.—l.

28. CONSOLIDATION OF SCHOOLS. The curtailment of expenditure upon new buildings has necessarily restricted activity in connection with consolidation of schools, and, in fact, no new schemes of consolidation of any extent have been carried out during this year. In some few cases consolidation of a small school with another in the neighbourhood has been carried out where there has been sufficient room in one of the schools to accommodate the pupils from both, and where the cost of conveyance is less than that of conducting the second school. Those districts in which consolidation has been adopted extensively continue to furnish evidence that the change has proved acceptable to the householders and beneficial educationally to the pupils. 29. CONVEYANCE AND BOARD OF SCHOOL - CHILDREN. In accordance with the recommendation of the National Expenditure Commission, the Government decided during the year to withdraw the provision hitherto made for payment of an allowance towards the board of children who are compelled to live away from home in order to attend a public school. Payments on this account accordingly ceased at the end of the first term of 1933. With regard to conveyance of school-children, no particular curtailment was adopted, but all services were very carefully scrutinized with the co-operation of the Education Boards to ensure that continuation was warranted in each case. Those conveyance services which are carried on in buses owned by the Department were kept up to maximum efficiency throughout the year, and have given every satisfaction. The conditions under which free conveyance of children by rail is carried on to both primary and post-primary schools have not been altered, but applications made for extension of free conveyance (by motor-vehicle) for post-primary schoolchildren in districts not served by railways have necessarily been declined on account of the big increase in expenditure that would result if such extension were granted. The following table shows the Education Department's expenditure on all classes of pupils and on all methods of conveyance during 1932, the expenditure on rail being shown separately :■ —

Table V. —Cost of Conveyance of Pupils to Schools and to Manual Classes by Rail, Motor-vehicle, etc.

The Department also expended in 1932 a sum of £2,623 in contributing towards the cost of board of those children who were obliged to live away from home in order to attend a Native school. The payments on account of children who were obliged to live away from home in order to attend public schools were discontinued at the end of the first term. On account of these pupils £2,161 was paid by the Department towards the cost of their board.

28

1931. 1932. Type of School. Rail. Other. Total. Rail. Other. Total. £ £ £ £ £ £ Public primary .. .. .. .. 1,981 63,849 65,830* 1,773 63,648 65,421* Private primary .. .. .. 2,193 .. 2,193 1,955 .. 1,955 Manual classes in connection with publi® 5,720 5,167 10,887 5,439 4,133 9,572 primary Manual classes in connection with private 53 .. 53 57 57 primary Junior high .. .. .. . . 182 62 244 Secondary departments of district high .. 1,354 778 2,132 1,206 735 1,941 Secondary .. .. .. .. 5,298 373 5,671 4,306 280 4,586 Combined .. .. .. .. 59 .. 59 684 .. 684 Technical .. .. .. .. 6,140 .. 6,140 5,940 .. 5,940 Private secondary .. .. .. 967 .. 967 983 .. 983 Native .. .. .. .. 36 3,059 3,095 43 2,727 2,770 Totals .. .. .. 23,983 73,288 97,271 22,386 71,523 93,909 * This sum includes the expenditure on conveyance of children to consolidated schools, and in 1932 includes junior high schools.

E.—l.

30. MANUAL INSTRUCTION. During the year the usual instruction was given by class teachers in primary schools in the subjects elementary science and agriculture under the supervision of twenty-two itinerant agricultural instructors. The extent to which classes in other manual subjects were taken by pupils from the different types of schools may be summarized as follows : —

The expenditure on these classes other than those conducted by Technical School Boards during the year amounted to approximately £55,500. No handwork materials were supplied to the schools in 1932 owing to the financial stringency. 31. PHYSICAL EDUCATION. The new system of physical education is making steady, though somewhat slow, progress in the schools. Where specialist teachers are available, however, the results are promising, producing most pleasing physical effects and securing popularity amongst the pupils. The introduction of the system into rural schools must of necessity be delayed, as the only instructors available are attached to the training colleges. Instruction in swimming and life-saving has made excellent progress. 32. SCHOOL MUSIC. During the year an advance has been observed in the subject of school music, a distinction shared by other cultural subjects. As in physical education, the enthusiasm manifested arises mainly from the influence of the special instructors at the training colleges passed on to the pupils by the specialist assistants. The subject is not neglected in post-primary schools, and end-of-year festivities at these schools usually provide opportunities readily grasped by pupils to show their choral abilities. 33. TRAINING OF TEACHERS. Because the number of trained certificated teachers available was in excess of the number of positions becoming vacant in the ranks of the teaching profession, and in view of the fact that the average attendance in public schools was less than in the previous year, it was necessary that curtailment of the number of entrants should be effected. A survey of the position and an investigation of the vital and immigration statistics resulted in the Department taking the unusual course of not appointing any probationers. In regard to those students who had completed their course of training at the training colleges the usual practice of allotting them to definite positions for a further full year's training as probationary assistants was not followed. It was felt that the claims of other ex-students who had not had employment in 1931 or earlier should be considered, and the position was met by providing work for these in the first term followed by the more recent ex-students in the second and third terms of the year. In this way nearly every ex-student secured employment for at least one "term.

29

Number of Pupils from Secondary Seeond Subject. Forms I Depart- and Primary. T H: , ™ en , ts . ° Form III, Private. All Schools. Junior High District Junior High Schools. High Schools 8 Schools. Woodwork .. .. 17,286 1,333 1,605 980 1,801 23,005 Metalwork .. .. • • 89 645 .. 410 .. 1,144 Cookery or laundry-work .. 16,106 1,258 1,492 711 1,910 21,477

E. —1.

The following tables summarize the position regarding the training of teachers at the end of 1931 and 1932 : —

Table W1. —Number of Teachers in Training.

Table W2. —Number of Students in the various Training Colleges.

Of the 985 students in attendance at training college in 1932, 411 were in their first year, 515 were in their second year, and 59 in their third year. The number of students who left training colleges in 1932 was 585, in comparison with 574 in the previous year. The following was the examination status of those leaving in 1932 : Pass, Class A, 5 ; pass, Class B, 114 ; pass, Class C, 408 ; pass, Class D, and partial C, 37 ; incomplete passes for teachers' certificates, 21. Students leaving in 1932 who had completed a third-year course (59 in number) were eligible to receive an endorsement on their certificate of a special qualification to teach a subject. Thus, 13 received certificates endorsed in modern languages, 12 in physical education, 8 in drawing and handwork, 7 in music, 7 in experimental pedagogy, 3 in science, 2 in mathematics and science, 2 in music and eurhythmies, 2 in backward children, 1 in deaf and backward children, 1 in eurhythmies and backward children, and 1 in commercial subjects. 34. HIGHER (UNIVERSITY) EDUCATION, The number of students on the books of the four University colleges affiliated to, and the two agricultural colleges established in connection with, the University of New Zealand at the end of 1932 was 5,171, as against 5,111 at the end of 1931. The figures for each of the colleges were as under 1931. 1932. Auckland .. .. .. .. .. 1,335 1,349 Victoria .. .. .. .. ■■ ■■ 1,112 1,140 Canterbury .. .. .. .. .. 1,201 1,073 Otago 1,221 1,350 Massey .. .. .. •. ■ • • ■ 152 191 Lincoln .. .. .. •. •. • • 90 68 5,111 5,171

30

Training-college Students. Number of Nu^ berof ! T , , Pro- Total , . °" ' bationary Trainees. 10ners - Division A. Division B. Division C. Division D. Assistants. 1931 .. .. 454 1,118 7 36 .. 1,161 473 2,088 1932 .. ..Nil 929 4 52 .. 985 526* 1,511 * This represents the number of students leaving training colleges after completing either a one- or a two-year course. They were not appointed as probationary assistants, but the majority of them will receive at least one term's teaching experience during 1933.

I 1931. 1932. College. —'— Men. ! Women. Total. Men. Women. Total. I Auckland .. .. .. 140 269 409 133 200 333 Wellington .. .. .. 59 190 249 56 176 232 Christchurch .. .. • • 88 194 282 70 152 222 Dunedin .. .. • • 69 152 221 68 130 198 Totals .. .. 356 805 1,161 327 658 985

E.—l.

The total number of students described as taking definite courses at the four affiliated colleges was 4,600. These were distributed as follow Agriculture .. . • ■ • • • 37 Law .. • • • • • • 434 Architecture . . • • • • 51 Massage .. ■ • • • • • Arts .. .. . . .. 2,015 Medicine .. . • • • • • Commerce .. . • • • • • 721 Mining .. .. ■ • • ■ 31 Dentistry .. • . • ■ • • 1 29 . " " " q Engineering 166 Public administration .. .. 9 Forestry 15 Science 466 Home-science .. • • • ■ 105 Social science Journalism .. .. • • .. 31 The following are some particulars relating to University education in the four affiliated colleges : —

Table Y.

35. ANNUAL EXAMINATIONS. The usual examinations were conducted in 1932, and comprised mainly the (1) An August series for teachers' certificates and handicraft teachers certificate. _ (2) A November series including the Training College Entrance and Intermediate Examinations. Examinations were held at thirty-three public centres in 1932. Candidates from public post-primary schools were examined for the Intermediate Examination in their own schools. , T The number of candidates actually presenting themselves tor the various examinations during the last three years is shown in Table Z 1 following .

Table Z1. —Number of Candidates for Various Examinations.

31

1929. 1930. 1931. j 1932. Number of students in actual attendance at 4,128 4,163 4,209 4,149 lectures „„ n 7fi o Number of exempted students .. . • 495 638 Percentage of students — Men .. • • • • 71 „ Women .. . • .... 29 30 29 28 Percentage of students actually attending Universities receiving free education* Men .... 42 40 41 40 7 en 71 66 59 56 Women .. .. •• 11 "" .. At - All students 48 46 Occupations of students expressed as percent- m. f. m. f. m. p. m. f. (1) Pull-time students .. .. 32 43 33 46 37 47 43 j3 (2) Teachers and training colleges .. 20 45 19 43 19 (3) Government and local bodies 15 1 16 2 1 (4) Other 29 6 3 6 28 6 26 6 (5) Not known .. • • ..4513 * These students hold scholarships, bursaries, or training-college studentships.

Examination. 1930. 1931. 1932. Junior National Scholarship and Junior Free Place .. .. •• 1,118 Senior National Scholarship .. •• •• " Public Service Entrance l'l70 l|l6B 8^22 Intermediate " ' 249 32 Teachers C ass D 343 285 262 Teachers Class C ■ ■ ■ ■ • • • • • _. „ . 8 o Training College Entrance .. • • • • • • • • Kindergarten Certificate .. •• •• •• •• • • 3 g London University Examinations .. . ■ • • ■ ■ • • Handicraft Teachers' Certificate .. • • ■ • • ■ • • 229 Technological Examinations . . • • • • • • ■ ■ 2 Naval Cadetships .. •• •• •• " 9 7 Aircraft Apprenticeship .. •• •• •• •• ■■ no , 0 ~ Examinations held on behalf of City and Guilds of London Institute . . 161 MA 1^ Totals 7 > 369 4 > 463 9 ' 492

' 1.

The increase in the total number of candidates in 1932 is due to the examination of all pupils who desired to qualify for senior free places. Previously the large majority of pupils were granted senior free places on the recommendation of the Principals of the post-primary schools, subject to the approval of the Department. As mentioned earlier in this report, this practice was not followed in 1932. The decrease in the number of candidates sitting for the Training College Entrance Examination is due to the decision not to appoint any probationers in 1932. At the direction of the Public Service Commissioner the Public Service Entrance Examination was not held in 1932.

Table Z2. —Standard and Results of Examinations.

The examination branch of the Department assists in the arrangements necessary for carrying out the Wiremen's Registration Examinations conducted by the Electrical Wiremen's Registration Board. In addition to those certificates issued as a result of the examinations given in Table Z 2, certificates were also issued in the following cases to candidates who were recommended by Principals of post-primary schools and approved by the Department's Inspectors : —

Table Z3. —Number of Certificates issued by accrediting.

32

j 1931. 1932. Stage in Course ; jS ā § $B J J ā & Sē J'S J of- whinh 2« *w O O c3 c3 . a p. wn . lcn ' nb-gg X50 T3 T3 T3-S§ tiO +* -"d Kxamination is normally as 'S'd 'S __. cs tQ ■ 'S Examination. ! taken. aj* a-g . a o a a|« a- g (In some cases it is not o a OSS og o« o a oSS OS u*j easy to indicate -go 3 -a « |g = S % ft •g.-Sj exact stage.) g a g »* g .S g g & fe g 3 g g « ■° o E a .go-Si fio« .go go£n go* •So-s go ēa|ū s-s a-pjj s^-js 3 ft a £ a a £ ft a £ >5 ft ft \ ft ft ft Proficiency* .. .. At end for Form II .. 25,128 16,492 4,876f 3,760 25,275 19,559 3,395t 2,321 Intermediate .. .. At end of Form IV .. 1,165 390 .. 775 8,422 ( 6,208 .. 2,214 Public Service Entrance At end of Form V .. 1,407 809 . . 598 .. Certificate for Class D .. At end of Form V .. 249 136} 96 17 32 7 5 20 Kindergarten Certificate At end of Form V.. 4 4 Training College Entrance At end of Form VI .. 961 435 321 205 483 249 134 100 Certificate for Class C and At end of training- 285 95§ 111 79 262 103j| 94 65 Qj ags college course Handicraft Teachers'Cer- Taken by teachers ..32 1 23 8 28 2 13 13 tificate Technological Examinations — Preliminary .. At end of Form IV or 39 23 16 37 29 8 equivalent Intermediate .. Evening classes, third- 73 36 .. 37 58 31 .. 27 year apprentices Pinal .. .. Evening classes, fourth- 27 14 .. 13 30 14 .. 16 year apprentices Special Examination in .. 42.. 24 1.. 3 Building Construction Naval Cadetship .. Form III .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 1 Naval Cadetship (Special Form VI .. .. .. .. .. 1 . • . . 1 entry) Aircraft Apprentices .. Form V .. .. 11 5 .. 6 7 7 London University .. Post-secondary .. 3 2 .. 1 2 2 Examinations held on be- As for technological 203 80 .. 123 125 69 .. 56 half of City and Guilds examinations of London Institute » This examination is held by the Department's Inspectors in the various education districts, hut the results are given lor the purposes of comparison. A more detailed analysis will be found in Table A 7 of E.-2. t Competency pass. t Includes 8 passed for Class C and 4 passed for Class B. § 93 passed Class C and 2 passed Class B. || Includes 4 passed for Class B.

(These are in addition to those awarded as a result of examination.) Number of Certificates issued. Certificate. Stage of Course at which Certificate is issued. 1931. 1932. Intermediate .. At end of Form IV —i.e., at the end of at least the second 6,270 Nil, year of approved post-primary course Lower leaving .. At end of Form V— i.e., at the end of at least the third year 138 80 of approved post-primary course Higher leaving .. At the end of Form VI — i.e., at the end of at least the fourth i 1,376 1,294 year of approved post-primary course | ! Note. —jjo intermediate certificates were awarded, as all candidates were required to sit for the Intermediate Examination.

E.—l.

In regard to examinations conducted by the University of New Zealand the following shows the position in 1931 and 1932: —

Table Z4. —University Examinations.

36. CHILD WELFARE. The total number of children under the supervision of the Child Welfare Branch as at 31st March, 1933, was 7,640, classed under the following headings : — State wards — In foster homes, hostels, and with friends .. .. .. .. 2,728 In situations (includes 21 absent without leave) . . .. .. 851 In Government institutions, receiving-homes, &c. .. .. .. 257 In private institutions .. .. .. .. ■ • • • 249 Inmates in special schools for backward children .. .. .. 264 In hospitals, convalescent homes, &c. .. .. .. . • 18 In Borstal .. .. .. .. • ■ • • • • 1 4,368 Young persons supervised in their own homes by Child Welfare Officers by Order of Court .. .. .. .. • • • ■ • • 864 Infants supervised in foster homes registered under the Infants Act .. 996 Pupils at School for Deaf, Sumner (9 of these being State wards) .. .. 120 Children dealt with as preventive cases .. .. ■. .. 1,270 Children at New Zealand Institute for the Blind for whom the Department makes payment .. .. .. .. ■ • • • 22 7,640 The number of children committed to the care of the Superintendent during the year ended 31st March, 1933, was 384, classified according to reasons for committal, as follows : Indigent, 150 ; delinquent, 11 ; detrimental environment, 52 ; neglected, 7 ; not under proper control, 98 ; accused or guilty of punishable offence, 66 ; and in addition 9 were admitted by private arrangement (section 12, Child Welfare Act), while 49 were temporarily admitted, making the total number of admissions for the year 442. Of the children committed, 60 had been dealt with previously by the Courts for other offences, for which they had received terms of supervision. Classified according to the age at the time of admission, the numbers, including temporary admissions, and those admitted under section 12, Child Welfare Act, — T7l

5—E. 1,

33

Examination. Stage m Course at which Examina- Number of Candidates. 1931. 1932. A t 10n is normally taken. University Entrance At end of Form V —i.e., at end (a) Who presented them- 4,779 4,725 Examination of at least the third year of selves for examination post-primary course (only the (6) Who passed .. 2,703 2,223 very best third-year pupils (c) Who failed .. .. 2,076 2,502 succeed in passing) Entrance Scholarship At end of Form VI—i.e., at end (a) Who presented them- 166 295* Examination of at least the fourth year of selves for examination post-primary course (b) Who obtained at least a 105 99f pass with credit (c) Who qualified only for 46 53 University entrance as a result of the examination (d) Who failed .. .. 15 143 Other University During University course .. (a) Who presented them- 6,944 7,290 examinations selves for examination (c) Who obtained complete 5,029 4,669 or partial successes * The increase in number of candidates was caused by the entry of candidates for University National Bursaries who are required to pass this examination to qualify for a bursary. f Thirty scholarships are awarded yearly.

E.—l.

are as follows : Under six months, 52 ; over six months and under one year, 24 ; from one to five years, 76 ; from five to ten years, 69 ; from ten to fourteen years, 106 ; over fourteen years, 115. The length of period of residence for the children temporarily admitted was from one day to twelve weeks. Of the children in foster homes, 195 are over the age of fourteen years, of whom 103 are still attending primary schools and 92 are receiving higher education. In addition, there are 18 residing in hostels and receiving secondary education. Furthermore, 21 children under the age of fourteen years are receiving higher education. 37- TEACHERS' SUPERANNUATION FUND. The position of the fund at the 31st January, 1933, and the principal figures concerning the transactions for the year, compared with those for the year ended 31st January, 1932, are given below: — 1931-32. 1932-33. £ £ Balance at credit of fund at end of year .. .. .. 1,218,166 1 111 642 Increase over balance at end of previous year Decrease over balance at end of previous year .. .. 53,982 106,524 Income for the year— Members' contributions .. .. .. .. *\\s 961 113 764 Interest .. .. .. .. .. 72,682 61' 117 Government subsidy .. .. .. .. 46,917 47 020 Total income .. .. .. .. £235,560 £221,901 Expenditure— Retiring and other allowances .. .. .. 254 927 283 738 Contributions refunded, &c. .. .. .. 33'478 Administration expenses, &c. .. .. .. 3 987 3'709 Provision for loss on investment .. .. .. 7' gQQ Total expenditure .. .. .. £289,542 £328,425 Number of contributors at 31st January .. .. .. 9 5 964. . 9 355 Number of members admitted during period .. .. 628 116 Number retiring from the fund during period .. .. 573 728 Net increase in membership at 31st January .. .. 55 +609 Number of allowances in force at 31st January .. 1 677 1 842 Representing an annual charge of .. .. .. £259'199 £296'784 Ordinary retiring-allowances .. .. ..1,088 £210 '231 1,221 £243'816 Retiring-allowances under extended provisions of section 75 of the Act, and under section 14 of Finance Act, _ . 193] '• •• •• •• •• 108 £18,449 133 £20,827 Retiring-allowances m medically unfit cases .. .. 166 £21,107 176 £22 767 Allowances to widow .. .. .. .. 242 £7'515 251 £7'789 Allowances to children .. .. .. .. 73 £1,898 61 £l'ōB6 Funds invested at 31st January— £ £ At 4J per cent 29,950 29,850 At 5 per cent. .. .. .. .. 147,960 147,960 At 5£ per cent. .. .. .. .. .. 15,800 15 800 At 5| per cent 131, 510 39,510 At 5J per cent. .. .. .. .. .. 400 40 0 At 6 per cent .. .. 867,104 500 At 6f per cent. .. .. .. _ 24 450 At 6 per cent. \ Subject to reduction under the National/ .. 854,582 At 6 J per cent./ Expenditure Adjustment Act, 1932 \ .. 17'432 Mortgage security acquired .. .. .. .. .. 3' ,y.g Total £1,217,174 £1,109,480 Average rate of interest on investments at 31st January .. 5-78 per cent. 5-79 per cent.

* £136,931, less rebate under section 8 (2) of Finance Act, 1931, £20,970. f Decrease.

34

E.—l.

APPENDIX.

STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND RECOVERIES IN RESPECT OF ALL SERVICES UNDER THE CONTROL OR SUPERVISION OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 1933.

35

General Administration. £ £ £ Salaries of Head Office staff .. .. .. 26,379 Part salaries of Inspectors attached to Head Office .. .. 1,406 Overtime and meal allowances .. .. .. ■ • 33 27,818 Office furniture and fittings .. .. • - • • • • 104 Postage and telegrams .. .. . • • • • • • • 916 Telephones .. .. .. • ■ • • • • • • 327 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. • • • • • • 666 Education Gazette — Salaries .. .. .. .. • • • • 175 Printing, postage, &c., office and other requisites .. 1,113 1,288 Printing and stationery .. .. .. • • 984 Printing and stationery—Storage with Government Printer .. 61 1,045 Medical examinations .. .. .. ■. • • • • 4 32,168 Less recoveries— Services rendered to Teachers' Superannuation 1,306 Board and to other Departments Education Gazette: Sales and advertising, &e. .. 237 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. 6 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. 236 Printing and stationery and sale of publications 222 Teachers'certificate, fees for.. .. .. 641 : 2,648 29,520 Primary Education (including Intermediate Schools or Departments under control of Education Board). Teachers'salaries and allowances .. .. .. 1,376,669 Teachers' salaries and allowances —Chatham Island schools .. 1,651 House allowances .. .. .. • • • • 33,838 Grant to widow of deceased teacher equivalent to holiday pay 15 due had he lived 1,412,173 Education Boards—Grants for administration and general 30,018 purposes Less portion chargeable to post-primary .. .. 726 29,292 School Committees' allowances —Cleaning, heating, &c. .. 104,516 Less portion chargeable to post-primary .. .. 3,300 : 101,216 Supply of books in necessitous cases .. .. .. • • 848 Removal expenses of teachers .. .. .. ■ • • • 976 School buildings and sites — Maintenance, including alterations to make safe £ against earthquake .. .. .. 52,369 Less portion for secondary departments of district high schools chargeable to post-primary .. .. .. 1,180 ■ 51,189 Rebuilding or repairing buildings destroyed or damaged 6,386 by fire Rent of buildings and sites for school purposes .. 3,461 Valuation fees and miscellaneous .. .. .. 76 61,112 Conveyance, &c., of children — ' By rail .. .. .. .. | 9,147 By road and water .. .. •• •• 67,781 Boarding-allowances .. .. .. •• 2,161 79,089 Conveyance of instructors and teachers .. .. .. . • 6,674 Correspondence School — Salaries of teachers .. .. •• •• 4,728 Meal allowances .. .. •. • • • • 1 Other expenses .. .. . • •• •• 1,551 Office furniture and fittings .. .. .. • • 56 6,336 Inspection— Salaries (less part charged Head Office Administration) .. 19,889 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. •• 7,717 Telephones and office expenses .. • • • • 101 Clerical assistance .. .. .. • ■ ■ ■ 325 Postage and telegrams .. .. ■ • • ■ 89 28,121 School Journal— Salaries .. .. .. • • • • • • 309 Printing, postage, office expenses, &c... .. • • 4,692

E.-l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued.

36

Primary Education —continued. £ £ £ Manual Instruction—• Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 45,315 Capitation .. .. .. .. 3,151 Material .. .. .. .. .. .. 118 Incidentals .. .. ... .. .. 11,546 60,130 Postages .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 130 Printing (register and other school books and forms) .. .. 480 Subsidies on voluntary contributions .. .. .. .. 588 1,792,166 Less recoveries— Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. 94 On account of maintenance of buildings .. 17 Correspondence School .. .. .. 480 School Journal sales .. .. .. 567 Special examination fees .. .. .. 189 On account of education of foreign children .. 70 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. 2 Rent of school-sites, &c. .. .. .. 1,076 2,495 1,789,671 Post-primary Education. (Including intermediate departments attached to secondary and technical schools.) Teachers' salaries and allowances— District high schools .. .. .. .. 61,005 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. .. 187,259 Technical schools and classes .. .. .. 141,086 Combined schools .. .. .. .. .. 31,313 420,663 Grants to Boards for administrative and general purposes— District high schools .. .. .. .. 726 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. .. 26,163 Technical schools .. .. .. .. .. 22,404 Combined schools .. .. .. .. .. 6,251 55,544 School Committee allowances (portion for secondary depart- .. 3,300 ments, district high schools) Manual instruction in secondary schools .. .. .. .. 2,658 Conveyance of pupils .. .. .. .. .. .. 14,133 Inspection— Salaries (less portion charged to Head Office Administration) 3,101 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. .. 1,152 4,253 Subsidies on voluntary contributions .. .. .. ,. 276 National Scholarships .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,184 War Bursaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 455 School buildings, &c.— Maintenance of buildings (including secondary depart- 2,112 ments of district high schools) Compensation to contractor for delay (Wellington Boys' 1,003 College building) Rents of buildings for school purposes .. .. .. 1,130 Correspondence School— 4,245 Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,199 Other expenses .. .. .. .. .. 1,378 4,577 Marlborough High School —Grant under Marlborough High .. 324 School Act, 1899 Printing forms, &c., for schools .. .. .. .. .. 125 Secondary education reserves revenue distributed to High .. 9,385 School Boards (Education Reserves Amendment Act, 1914) Less recoveries— 525,396 On account of maintenance of buildings .. 76 Correspondence School .. .. .. 480 Teachers' salaries .. .. . . .. 78 Rent of school-sites, &c. .. .. .. 141 — 775 — 525,347 Higher Education. Statutory grants — New Zealand University — National-endowment reserve .. 2,473 revenue Auckland University College— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 8,072 National-endowment reserve revenue .. .. 1,237 9,309 Victoria University College— Grant for general purposes .. .. . . 7,346 National-endowment reserve revenue .. .. 1,237 8,583 Canterbury College— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 4,860 National-endowment reserve revenue .. .. 1,237 6,097

E. —1

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued.

37

Higher Education —continued. £ £ £ Statutory grants —continued. University of Otago— Grant for general purposes .. •• 11,993 National-endowment reserve revenue .. .. 1,236 Massey Agricultural College: Massey Agricultural College .. * Act, 1926 Scholarships and bursaries— University National Scholarships .. .. • • 4,089 Agricultural Scholarships .. •. • • • ■ 82 " Sir George Grey " Scholarships . ■ • • ■ ■ 150 University Bursaries .. • • •• 9,293 Agricultural Bursaries .. • • ■ • • • 509 Architectural Bursaries ,. ■ • • • • • 59 Engineering Bursaries .. .. • • ■ • H5 Home-science Bursaries .. .. • • • ■ 543 14,840 54,531 Less recoveries: Refund —Educational bursaries .. .. 12 54,519 Training Colleges and Training of Teachers. Training colleges — Salaries of staffs (including staffs of practising schools in .. 4? excess of usual staff as public schools) _ Expenses in connection with appointments .. .. ■ • 207 Allowances to and expenses of students . • •• •• Students'University college fees .. .. •• Special instruction, libraries, and incidental expenses .. .. t Apparatus and material .. .. • • • • • • *4 Printing, &c. Less recoveries— m 108,933 Students' allowances .. • • ■ • 26 Students' University College fees .. .. 6 Fees from non-Government students . . . . 74 106 — 108,827 Native Schools. Salaries of teachers .. •• -• •• •• Removal expenses of teachers .. .. • ■ • • • • i iqo Books, apparatus, and other school requisites .. .. • • 1 > 132 Manual instruction .. .. • • • • • • • • 130 Conveyance and board of children .. .. •• •• or Sundries Buildings and sites — Maintenance of buildings .. .. • - • • 2 ,704 Restoring, after damage by fire .. ■ • • • 61 Rent of buildings and sites .. .. • • • • 1° 9 Inspection— ——; Salaries of Inspectors .. •• •• •• Travelling-expenses , • • • • • ■ • ■ 56 , KnA Scholarships and apprenticeships .. .. 4 958 72,864 Less recoveries— Salaries .. .. • • • • • • 37 Books, maps, &c. .. .. ■ • • • 336 Maintenance of buildings .. . ■ • • 8 Rent of school-sites, &c. .. .. • ■ 22 — 72,461 Physical Instruction. Salaries of instructors .. .. •• •• •• •• Travelling and removal expenses .. • • ■ • ■ • 36,5 Postage and telegrams 2,280 Less recoveries 4 ZyZliy Education of the Blind. Maintenance fees of Government pupils at Jubilee Institute .. .. 501 Travelling-expenses of pupils ..... ■ • ■ • • • 44 545 Less recoveries: Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. • • 565 Or. 20 * Now provided tor under Vote "Agriculture."

E.—l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued.

38

School for the Deaf. £ £ £ Salaries of staff .. .. .. .. .. .. 5,453 General maintenance of institution .. .. .. .. 1,870 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 32 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 Travelling allowances and expenses (including transit of .. 283 children) Sundries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 7,655 Less recoveries—■ Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 2,528 Sale of produce .. .. .. .. 1 Board of staff .. .. .. .. 605 Maintenance of buildings .. .. .. 1 3,135 4,520 Schools for the Mentally Backward. Salaries of staff .. .. .. .. .. .. 8,027 Maintenance of institutions .. .. .. .. .. 5,612 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 339 Travelling allowances and expenses (including transit of .. 224 children) Sundries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. .. .. 68 14,288 Less recoveries— Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 1,429 Sale of produce, &c. .. .. .. 792 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. 1 Board of staff .. .. .. .. 1,755 3,977 10,311 Child Welfare. Salaries of staffs, including field officers .. .. .. .. 27,645 Wages of inmates employed in institutions .. .. .. 224 Travelling and removal expenses (including transit of children) .. 3,807 Boarding-out of children .. .. .. .. .. 78,258 Maintenance of children in Government institutions .. .. 22 220 Maintenance of children in private institutions .. .. .. 3,720 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 583 Rent, office requisites, telephones, &c. .. .. .. .. 2,073 Office furniture and fittings .. .. .. .. .. 9 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. .. .. 747 Payment to Post and Telegraph Department for services .. .. 745 Payment to Registrar-General's Department for services .. .. 20 Refunds of inmates' earnings .. .. .. .. .. 477 Refund of maintenance payments .. .. .. ., 13g Legal expenses.. .. .. .. .. .. .. 36 Sundries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 140,704 Less recoveries— Salaries .. .. .. .. ., 4 Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 16,006 Refunds for clothing, &c., supplied .. .. 4,576 Refunds of boarding-out payments .. .. 605 Refunds of travelling-expenses .. .. 52 Recoveries on account of office rent, &c. .. 46 Recoveries on account of inmates' earnings .. 428 Recoveries on account of maintenance of buildings 56 Sale of produce .. .. .. .. 1,756 Board of staff and others .. .. .. 2,926 Rent of land and buildings .. .. .. 445 Accumulated earnings of deceased inmates .. 728 27,628 — 113,076 Material and Stores. Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 968 Stores and material purchased .. .. .. .. ,. 2 556 Lighting, cleaning, cartage, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 76 3,600 Less stores issued and charged to other items of vote 4,463 Education Or. 863 Less recoveries: Stores sold .. .. .. 10 ' Cr. 873

E.—l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued.

SUMMARY. Consolidated Fund— £ Vote Education .. .. .. •• •• •• •• •• •• ' , ffl Vote Internal Affairs .. .. .. •• •• •• •• •• 1,745 Land Act, 1924 (national-endowment reserves revenue) .. .. .. .. •• • ■ 51,938 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (primary-education reserves revenue) .. .. 76,095 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (secondary-education reserves revenue) • 9,385 Tauranga Educational Endowment Reserves Act, 1896 (reserves revenue) .. . . 236 Public Revenue Act, 1926, section 133 (Fire Insurance Fund) .. .. . . • • 6,424 Public Works Fund, vote Education buildings .. .. .. .. •• •• 52,623 2,818,673 LessConsolidated Fund —■ £ Recoveries on account of expenditure of previous years .. .. .. 88 Territorial revenue .. . . . • • • ■ • • • • ■ 263 Miscellaneous revenue .. .. .. •• •• •• 2,790 3,141 £2,815,532

Approximate Cost oj Paper.—Preparation, not given; printing (1,000 copies), £60.

By Authority : G. H. Lomey, Government Printer, Wellington. —1933,

Price Is.']

39

Miscellaneous. £ £ £ Examination expenses .. .. .. •• •• Grading of teachers, costs of appeal, inquiries, &c. .. • • • • 269 Accidents to school children and teachers .. .. .. • • 25 Exchange on teachers' salaries (outside New Zealand) .. . ■ 96 Salaries of teachers on exchange from overseas (recoverable) .. 912 Teachers' Superannuation Fund — Annual contribution under Act .. .. • • 43,000 Additional allowance to widows and children .. ■■ 4,043 — 47,043 Gramophones for schools (recoverable) .. .. .. • • 46 51,229 Less recoveries— Examination fees, &c. .. .. 1,601 Salaries of teachers on exchange from abroad .. 770 Refunds on account of cars purchased previous 14 years Gramophones for schools .. . .. 74 r 2,460 48,769 Net total, excluding new buildings, &c. .. .. •• 2,758,404 Capital Expenditure. „ ,, .. , Consolidated Fund : Sites, buildings, equipment., &c. — Public Works iund. y 0 j 6; Education. Public schools .. •• 33,631 2,659 Secondary schools .. .. •• •• •• 21,754 1,155 Technical schools .. . • • • • • • • 3,584 526 Native schools .. . • • • • • • • '04 165 59,673 4,505 Less recoveries (sale of sites, &c., and recoveries on account of expenditure of past years)— Public schools .. .. •• •• 3,479 Secondary schools .. .. •• 2,570 Technical schools .. .. ■ • • • 1,000 Schools for mentally backward . . .. 1 7,050 Net expenditure on new buildings, &c. .. 52,623 4,505 Net total, including new buildings, &c. .. 57,128 £2,815,532