REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1946 (In continuation of E.-l, 1946)

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1947 Session I, E-01

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1947 NEW ZEALAND

REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1946 (In continuation of E.-l, 1946)

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency

Office of tlie Department of Education, Wellington, 27th June, 1947. Your Excellency,— I have the honour, in accordance with the provisions of the Education Act, 1914, to submit to Your Excellency the following report upon the progress and condition of public education in New Zealand during the year ended the 31st December, 1946. I have, &c., H. G. R. Mason. His Excellency the Governor-General of the Dominion of New Zealand.

REPORT As I predicted in my last report, the year 1946, whilst one of considerable activity, was not marked by any radical changes in educational policy. Energies were directed rather to providing the ways and means of putting into fuller operation the policy laid down in recent years. The achievements for the year, however, are by no means inconsiderable.

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Buildings In spite of acute difficulties arising from shortages of labour and materials, a verycreditable volume of building work was done, no less than £992,275 being expended from the Public Works Account on the erection and improvement of buildings for educational purposes. The corresponding figure for the year ending 31st March, 1946, was £1,187,823, but some £240,000 of that was accounted for by the.purchase from the War Assets Realization Board of the already existing buildings for the Avondale Technical High School and the Avondale Intermediate School. Major building works completed during the year include — Primary Schools: Kamo, Otahuhu South, Dyer Street, Waddington (temporary school), and Strathmore Park. Intermediate Schools : Balmoral and Matamata. District High Schools : Kaitaia, Rawene, Te Puke, and Waitara. Secondary Schools: Epsom Girls' Grammar School, Wellington Girls' College, and Rangiora High School. Technical Schools : Kaikohe and Petone. The following were among major works in progress at the end of the year — Primary Schools: Rotorua South, Stratford, Taita No. 1, Taita North, Khandallah, Ashburton, and Limehills. Intermediate School: Hutt. Secondary Schools: Auckland Girls' Grammar School, Hastings High School, Rangiora High School, Timaru Girls' High School, and Southland Girls' High School. Technical Schools : Dunedin and Invercargill. Particularly difficult problems have had to be surmounted in providing adequate school accommodation in the rapidly developing Government housing estates in the vicinity of Auckland and Wellington, but, thanks largely to the work of the Architects of the Education Boards concerned, of the Commissioner of Works' Office and the Public Works Department and of the Education Department, the demand has been adequately met up to the present in spite of a few minor crises. It appears that the situation will be fairly well in hand during 1947, but the strain on all the organizations concerned is very considerable, since they are having to meet at the same time the special problems created by the rapid increase in the number of births. By 1952-54 the pressure on school accommodation resulting from the peak birth-rates centring on the years 1941 and 1946 will be acute in the lower ends of both the primary and the post-primary schools. Great, and often ingenious, use has been made during the year of disused buildings originally erected for war purposes and now adapted to a wide variety of school uses. Finance The total expenditure on education, including revenue from reserves vested in postprimary schools and University colleges, was £8,771,503 for the year ending 31st March, 1947. The corresponding figure for 1945-46, including £29,447 expended from the War Expenses Account, was £7,945,773. The Teaching Profession During the year the Government set up, under the chairmanship of Mr. A. F. McMurtrie, Assistant Director of Education, a Consultative Committee on Teachers' Salaries, representative of the Department and of all three branches of the teaching service. It was instructed "to inquire into and report on the scales of salaries for primary and post-primary teachers, inspectors of schools, and Vocational Guidance Officers, and professional officers drawn from the teaching service, with reference to the adequacy of existing rates, to the suitability of the present types of salary scales, and to the desirability of devising a scale or scales that shall have a common basis for the primary and the post-primary services; and on the basis of this inquiry to formulate a scale or scales for presentation to the Government."

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The Committee worked extremely hard, and, whilst it found it impossible, because of varying conditions, to produce a scale common to all the services, it did manage to work out a primary scale and post-primary scale which had a common basic scale and which keyed into each other at certain points. After the proposals had been submitted to the Stabilization Commission, the Government found itself unable, because of stabilization policy, to accept the Committee's scales in full, but it agreed to modified scales . which give substantial increases to all branches of the Service. The new scales are, in general, simpler than the old ones, but I must admit that they are still more complicated than I would wish. They will be embodied in regulations in 1947, but payments at the new rates began as from Ist April, 1946. I should like to express my gratitude to the Chairman and members of the Committee for the excellent work they did. The report of the Committee on Grading which was presented during the year, has since been published, and teachers have been invited to comment on it. If the scheme proposed by the Committee is found to be a real improvement on the existing one, I hope to be able to act in the matter in 1947. The policy of giving financial assistance to teachers' refresher courses, which was begun in 1945, was extended in 1946. A sum of £2,000 was put at the disposal of the teachers' organizations, who used it to conduct two major refresher courses in general science for secondary, technical, and district high school teachers, as well as to assist other smaller courses. The courses were most successful, and £3,000 was put on the estimates for 1946-47 to allow of an expansion of the scheme in January, 1947. I have described in earlier reports the steps taken to safeguard the rights of teachers entering the Armed Services during the war. Whilst expressing great satisfaction with the general provisions made, the New Zealand Educational Institute thought that certain of the younger and more efficient soldier-teachers had probably lost grading marks owing to the automatic method of awarding them that had of necessity been adopted. I agreed, therefore, to set up a special grading Adjustment Board to consider, appeals by soldier-teachers. It is expected to complete its sittings early in 1947. Post-primary Schools It is in the field of post-primary education that perhaps the greatest advances were made during the year. The post-primary schools are still adapting themselves to the changed conditions resulting from the introduction in 1944 of accrediting for University Entrance and from the consequent alterations in the post-primary curriculum. Indeed, it was only during 1946 that the School Certificate Examination was set for the first time under the new prescriptions. Every effort is being made to help the post-primary schools to meet the new demands made upon them by the fact that they now cater for almost the whole population instead of for a selected group. In 1916, for instance, only 37 per cent, of the children leaving primary schools went to some form of post-primary education ; in 1946 the percentage, including children leaving intermediate schools and departments, was 85. Since the 37 per cent, who went beyond Standard 6 in 1916 were, on the whole, selected for their ability, it follows that the average level of intelligence of Form 111 to-day cannot be as high as it was thirty years ago, and that the range of ability within the form must Jbe greater than ever before. This means that we must have far more varied courses in each school and far more opportunities for practical activities. It also means, incidentally, that, however good the teaching, the average level of academic ability in Form 111 cannot well reach the level it did a generation ago. This is a factor which is generally overlooked by those who criticize the standard of work in the schools. The task of the post-primary-school teacher is obviously very different from what it was thirty years ago, and he needs all the help that can be given him to adapt his teaching to the new situation. Developments in this field during 1946 include the following (1) A new staffing schedule gave about fifty additional teachers in secondary schools and about seventy in technical schools.

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(2) A system of technical bursaries was instituted for pupils following senior technical courses in agriculture, art, building construction, engineering, and homecraft. In 1943 secondary-school bursaries of £4O a year were introduced to enable country children who had passed the School Certificate Examination to attend the Sixth Form at a school on the accrediting list. The technical-school bursaries are of the same value and are intended to provide similar facilities to country children wishing to take more practical courses. They are open to all children who have completed an approved two years' course at a post-primary (including district high) school, and who cannot attend a school giving technical courses without living away from home. This is a logical outcome of the policy to provide for every child the course for which he is best fitted. (3) Another essential in an education system that gives full secondary education to all without selective examinations is a system of educational and vocational guidance. Approval has been given for careers teachers to be appointed in 1947 in all post-primary schools, including district high schools with at least two hundred secondary pupils. Up till now they have been officially approved and paid only in the schools in the four main centres. (4) Special annual grants to all post-primary and district high schools were instituted for the purchase of materials for the teaching of social studies and school music. District high schools, in addition, received special grants for their libraries. (5) Large quantities of scientific, mechanical, and other equipment was purchased during the year from the War Assets Realization Board for free distribution to postprimary schools. (6) The Publications Branch of the Department began the fortnightly production of post-primary school bulletins for free distribution to all State and private post-primary schools. These bulletins had their origin in the current affairs bulletins issued during the war by the A.E.W.S. They will, as far as possible, cover those portions of the new post-primary curriculum that are not ordinarily dealt with in the usual text-books. The standard of the first few issues has been extremely high. (7) On Ist July, 1946, the Department took over the responsibility for the study courses previously conducted by the A.E.W.S. A Technical Correspondence School was established to develop these courses for men in the Armed Services, and also to provide correspondence instruction in vocational and technical subjects for apprentices and advanced students unable to attend technical schools. There is growing evidence that this School is meeting a real need throughout New Zealand. (8) As a result of close collaboration between the educational authorities and the New Zealand Motor Trade Certification Board considerable advances are being made in the provision of special training for apprentices in the motor trade. There are now some thirty-five post-primary schools in which organized training for these apprentices is being carried out. Army buildings have been widely used to provide the necessary accommodation, and the Government has approved a grant of £13,000 for the purchase of special equipment. I have been pleased to assist a trade that has realized so fully the necessity for systematically training its young workers. (9) With the recasting of the School Certificate Examination it became possible to revise the Department's Technological Examinations to bring them into closer relation with the demands of industry and with the changed concepts of post-primary education. So in October I set up a Consultative Commit'tee to report on these examinations. The Chief Inspector of Post-primary Schools is the Chairman, and there are six members representative of employers and workers in various groups of industries, three members nominated by the New Zealand Technical School Teachers' Association, and two others representative of the Department. Pending the Committee's report, the Technological Examinations and the City and Guilds Examinations, both of which were discontinued during the war, will be re-instituted in 1947.

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(10) Increasing difficulty has been found in selecting students for special bursaries sat the University. It became necessary to institute a special examination for this purpose in 1946. (11) A Board of Moderators, consisting of representatives of secondary and technical schools and of the Department, was set up to ensure that the papers set for the School Certificate Examination are of a satisfactory standard and fairly test the work done in the schools under the new prescriptions. (12) A training scheme for teachers of woodwork and metalwork, the first of its kind in New Zealand, was instituted at the Auckland Technical School. (13) During the year Parliament passed the Apprenticeship Amendment Act, which was based on the report of the Commission on Apprenticeship. This report made five recommendations dealing with education. They concerned careers work in schools, technical bursaries, the revision of the Technological Examinations, technical correspondence courses, and the salaries of technical teachers. It is gratifying to be able to report that action has been taken, as indicated above, in connection with every one of these recommendations. (14) Important steps were taken during the year towards the unifying of the secondary and the technical school systems. On the resignation of Mr. F. C. Renyard from the position of Superintendent of Technical Education, Mr. E. Caradus was appointed Chief Inspector of Post-primary Schools and placed in charge of the combined branches. At the same time the secondary and technical inspectorates were strengthened numerically -and amalgamated. When the time comes for the larger technical colleges to drop their junior work and develop as senior technical institutions it is probable that the position of Superintendent of Technical Education will be revived. As a further measure of unification, the grants to secondary and technical schools for incidental expenses were for the first time made on the same basis. The secondary departments of district high .schools, moreover, were brought within the post-primary field proper for the purposes of staffing, salaries, and grading of teachers. (15) Two district high schools were changed during the year into full post-primary schools—Matamata College and Tauranga College. Whangarei High School was split into separate boys' and girls' schools. The buildings at Kaikohe, originally erected as a military hospital, were converted for school and hostel purposes and will open in 1947 as a technical and agricultural high school to cater for both Maoris and pakehas in Northland. Primary Schools It is not generally recognized that the classes of the primary school, like the lower forms of the secondary school, are constituted very differently now from what they were .a generation ago. The following figures give, for example, the children in Standards 3, 4, 5, and 6 in 1916 and 1946 respectively, expressed as percentages of the total school rolls :

These figures would have to be corrected, of course, to allow for varying birth-rates •over the four-year periods, but they are accurate enough to show that very many children now reach Form II who thirty years ago would have finished with schooling entirely in Standard 4or Form I. This may be in part due to improved teaching methods, but it

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Year. Percentage of Children in— Standard 3. Standard 4. Form I. Form II. 1916 1946 11-9 11-4 10-9 10-8 9-3 10-7 61 9-7

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is in large measure the result of the deliberate policy of promoting children on the basis of age and physical and emotional development rather than on academic attainment. It is now very rare to find the " dunce " of thirteen or fourteen dragging out in Standard 4 the miserable days before he is legally permitted to leave school. He is promoted to a higher class and allowed to work there at his own best rate. I thoroughly approve of this policy on general educational and humanitarian grounds, but there is no denying that it creates special problems for the teacher of the higher classes, and that the average level of academic ability in Forms I and II is reduced by the admission of pupils who are not intellectually up to the standard required for the work of these classes. In any discussion of comparative standards of work it would be unfair to the primary schools to overlook this factor. With reference to the moot question of standards of work, my report for the year 1944-45 showed the influence of the war on the work of the schools and set out in some detail the steps being taken by the Department to maintain and improve standards in the " tool " subjects. There is evidence that this drive for better standards is having effect. The steps taken during the year to assist teachers to raise standards in the primary school include the following : (a) The staffing schedules were improved by making provision for some 450 new positions for men teachers, 200 of them being Grade A positions. This move not only made for a reduction in the size of classes, but also gave new openings for returned servicemen. (b) The revision of the primary-school syllabus by joint expert committees of departmental officers and teachers was pressed forward in 1946. The committees on spelling, needlework, and history and geography reported during the year, and their reports have been published in a preliminary form for the comment and criticism of the teaching profession. A tentative art scheme has been issued. The work of the committees on nature study and elementary science and on reading and literature is nearing completion, and a new committee has been set up to deal with the teaching of writing. (c) It was planned to follow up the work of each committee by issuing new text-books and teachers' manuals based on the new syllabus and the new methods adopted. Unfortunately, difficulties of printing and binding have slowed down the publication programme. During the year the last of the series of arithmetic books was issued, and the Standard 1 text-book in written English was put into the schools. All the rest of the English books have been prepared, and some have been printed and only await binding. The School Journal was virtually doubled in size as from February. (d) Initial steps have been taken in some districts towards the preparation of standardized tests in the tool subjects. The issue of formal tests and norms will have to be delayed in some subjects until the changes resulting from the Syllabus Committee's reports have become established in the schools. It has been felt up to the present that the ' nation-wide use of standardized tests might unduly restrict teachers who were struggling to rid their teaching of the evil effects of the old Proficiency Examination. It seems, however, that the time has now arrived when the judicious use of standardized tests in the tool subjects would help teachers to plan their work more effectively. (e) Funds were granted to enable two refresher courses for primary-school headmasters to be held during January, 1947. (/) Inspectors of Schools have been instructed to pay special attention to the teaching of the tool subjects in their districts. Among advances of a more general nature made in the primary-school service during the year are the following : (1) Greatly increased maintenance grants for school buildings were made to Education Boards to enable them to overtake arrears of work that had accumulated during the war. The total maintenance grant paid out for the year ending 31st March, 1947 r was £288,692, as against £250,888 for the previous year.

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(2) Increased grants were made to School Committees for incidentals. The grant for 1946-47 was £242,932 ; the figure for 1945-46 was £197,511. One purpose of the increase was to make it possible and obligatory for all School Committees to pay full award rates to caretakers and cleaners, and to establish higher standards of cleanliness in the schools. (3) Provision has been made for granting financial assistance to groups of schoolchildren going on approved educational visits under the supervision of teachers. (4) The return of ex-servicemen to the schools has made it possible to build up a strong field staff in physical education and to give greater assistance than ever before to the post-primary schools. The itinerant field staff in physical education numbered •eighty last year, and a record number of forty-two specialists were trained. (5) The new scheme of art and crafts is now well past the experimental stage and was introduced with considerable success into 250 more schools during the year. The specialist staff has been strengthened, and short training courses for practicing teachers .are held in each new area before it comes into the scheme. (6) The Department took over during the year full responsibility for the National Film Library. Some 2,500 films, both sound and silent, are sent out free to the schools ■every month, and there are about 2,000 films altogether in the library. In addition, libraries of film strips are being built up in every Education Board district for free -distribution to the schools. Teacher Training The supply of teachers is a matter for some concern. We have for several years been training a number of teachers far in excess of what would normally be required for replacements, but the number of resignations, due particularly to the marriage of women teachers, has been extraordinarily high and quite unpredictable. In. July, 1946, there were 1,575 students in the four training colleges, of whom 730 could be expected to enter the schools in 1947. In addition some 500 returned soldier-teachers were expected to become available at the same time. The normal rate of wastage before the war was in the region of 500 teachers a year. Yet the adequacy of the supply for 1947 depends on factors such as marriage, which no one can foretell. If the shortage should continue into 1947, it will be necessary to give serious consideration to the possibility of opening another training college. A greatly increased number of teachers will be necessary to enable the size of classes to be reduced and the period of teacher training to be extended by ■a, year and to deal with the increased rolls resulting from the rising birth-rate. Rural Education Country schools have shared with town schools the advances already mentioned, .and country children have gained most from the more generous bursary provisions. In addition, there have been certain developments benefiting country children, specifically : (1) For the year ending 31st March, 1947, £466,275 was spent on school conveyance by rail or by road ; in the previous year the expenditure was £407,187. (2) The Department's Correspondence School is growing rapidly on the post-primary side, largely as a result of the new demands made upon it by the raising of the school leaving age. With the end of the war it has been found possible to restore some of the special services to pupils which had been suspended. The total roll is now 4,492, of whom 1,851 are in the primary department and 2,635 in the post-primary. In 1947 the School will celebrate its jubilee, to the expenses of which a special grant is being made. (3) The establishment of six new district high schools was approved during the year. District high schools have gained marked advantages through becoming in effect part of the post-primary school system proper. They have been given grants for many

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purposes on a more generous basis than ever before. There is, unfortunately, no small difficulty in staffing the secondary departments of district high schools adequately. Teachers are showing some reluctance to offer themselves for this very important branch of the service, in spite of the improved prospects there. Native Schools The number of children in the Native schools continues to increase, there being 12,654 in 1946, as against 12,190 in 1945. The following developments took place in the service during the year : (1) Three Form 111 classes, with a total roll of 34, were established during the year at Te Kaha, Ruatoki, and Murupara. They will become district high schools in 1947. The rolls of the Native district high schools are still growing steadily. (2) Authority was given to increase the number of junior scholarships for Native schools from 174 to 200 over a two-year period. (3) Twenty-nine Maori students entered training college in 1946, compared with 16 in the previous year. There is also an increasing demand amongst Maoris for University education, seven scholarships being current during the year. (4) The new secondary school curriculum is allowing the district high schools to develop a practical course satisfactory to the majority of Maori pupils at the same time that they prepare the more academically able children to sit for the School Certificate. This appears to be meeting the objections originally raised by some Maori parents and may account for the flourishing state of the district high schools. (5) A successful refresher course for Native-school teachers was held at Rotorua in February. (6) An interesting new development was the appointment of two Maoris in Northland and one on the East Coast as*itinerant instructors in Maori arts and crafts. (7) Three specialist teachers of physical education (one of them a Maori girl) havebeen appointed, each to cover a group of Native schools. Islands Education In 1946, following a report by a team of Education Department officers on education in those Pacific Islands for which New Zealand is responsible, an Officer for Islands Education was appointed to the staff of the Department. Working in conjunction with the Island Territories Department and with the local authorities, he has the task of developing and supervising the education systems of the Islands. In 1946-47, the Government made available a sum of £16,700 to provide for an extension of the scholarship scheme begun in 1945, for supplying much-needed teaching materials (projectors, infant apparatus, text-books, &c.) and for the training in New Zealand of specially selected Native teachers. Under the scholarship scheme selected pupils from Samoa, Cook Islands, and Niue Island have been admitted to New Zealand schools for further education. The following table summarizes the position up to the end of 1946 :

Scholarship tenable in New Zealand

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Year. Samoan Pupils. Cook Island Pupils. Mue Island Pupils. 1945 1946 Total .. 14 13 5 2 2 27 5 4

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In 1946 three Samoan teachers were placed in New Zealand Native schools for training in modern teaching methods, and arrangements were made for two Samoan Inspectors and two Cook Islands teachers to spend the first term of 1947 in selected New Zealand Native schools. It is intended to bring four Samoan and four Cook Islands teachers to New Zealand each year for a three months' course of training. During the year there were discussions with the local Islands authorities (including mission representatives) on such matters as curriculum revision, teacher training, Native teachers' salaries, text-books, post-primary education, 'and manual and technical education; and the first steps were taken to introduce improvements in these aspects of the work. Higher Education Enrolments in the University colleges and in the two agricultural colleges showed further increases during 1946. There is some reason to believe, however, that the postwar peak has been reached and that a slight decline in numbers may now take place. Very large increases were made in the grants to the University, the University colleges, and the agricultural colleges. In 1946-47 nearly £BO,OOO more was made available than in 1945-46. These increases were intended to provide, among other things, for increased staffing, improved salary scales, " refresher " leave for academic staffs, increased administration expenses, better libraries, and the appointment of full-time academic heads for the four University colleges. Of special importance was a lump-sum grant of £lO,OOO to the University for research purposes. This is the first grant of the kind that the University has ever received. Some of the items agreed to by the Government involve even bigger grants in 1947-48. In addition, emergency capital grants totalling nearly £46,000 were made for the provision and replacement of equipment. None of the amounts already referred to, however, covers capital expenditure on buildings. In 1946-47 this amounted to £146,419, which is more than double the sum expended on University buildings in each of the two . years before the war. Owing to the acute shortage of materials and man-power, progress on the erection of permanent University buildings has been much slower than could be desired. In order to meet the emergency large numbers of temporary buildings, many of them secured from the War Assets Realization Board, have been erected or authorized in all the colleges. The value of University National Scholarships, including the boarding-allowance, was raised from £6O to £9O. The value of boarding bursaries was increased from £3O to £5O a year, exclusive of fees, and it was decided to give to holders of Higher School Certificates who are on full-time University courses a bursary allowance of £2O a year, in addition to the fees up to a limit of £2O. Funds were provided in November for a School of Physical Education at the University of Otago. It will provide, as from the beginning of 1948, a three-year course leading to a diploma, and it is hoped that it will produce the type of specialist teacher of physical education who is so badly needed in the post-primary schools. The increased interest in adult education is reflected in an increase of £lO,OOO in the grant for 1946-47. The Consultative Committee on Adult Education which was, at my suggestion, set up by the Council of Adult Education, brought down its report towards the end of the year. When full opportunity has been given for interested organizations and individuals to comment on the report it is hoped that it will form the basis for great developments in the field of adult education. The Chairman of the Committee was Mr. W. H. Cocker, President of Auckland University College Council. Pre-school Services The Consultative Committee in Pre-school Educational Services, under the Chairmanship of Professor C. L. Bailey, of Victoria University College, also reported late in 1946. Their report will be printed and full opportunity will be given for public discussion of its recommendations before any further action is taken.

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As recommended by the 1944 Education Conference, I gave approval for the appointment to the Department of a Supervisor of Pre-school Services. Already her work is making possible the development of a more definite policy of pre-school educational services. The number of kindergarten trainees was increased from 80 in 1945 to 100 in 1946, and the total grants to kindergartens were increased from £26,907 to £31,275. For the first time a grant was approved for the New Zealand Federation of Play Centres Associations. Vocational Guidance With the return of more normal conditions the Vocational Guidance Centres havebeen able to shed some of the special responsibilities connected with juvenile employment which they undertook as a war measure. The volume of work arising from the rehabilitation of servicemen and servicewomen from the Services has also declined, during the year. It has therefore become possible for Vocational Guidance officers to concentrate on their primary function of guidance in post-primary schools, and, despite serious shortages of staff considerable progress has been made. A special effort has been made to extend vocational guidance facilities for Maori boys and girls, and plans have bfeen laid for further development in this direction in 1947. In response to local demand, a new vocational guidance centre was opened at Wanganui, which had previously been served from Wellington. At the request of the Health Department, work has been begun on an experimental basis with patients in certain of the main sanatoria. Two booklets, " Careers for Boys " and " Careers for Girls," were published, giving in summarized form educational and vocational information of value to pupils, parents, and teachers. They have been distributed free to all post-primary schools. Child Welfare My last two reports recorded substantial decreases in the figures for children appearing for offences before the Children's Courts, and it is gratifying to note that this downward trend has been maintained during the past year. Indeed, the figures for juvenile delinquency have now dropped to a point considerably below the pre-war level. The numbers of appearances before Children's Courts for the years ending on the 31st March preceding and immediately following the outbreak of war were : 1938,. 2,447 ; 1939, 2,248 ; 1940, 2,464. The peak figure of 2,493 occurred in 1944, and since then the comparable figures have been : 1945, 2,012 ; 1946, 1,786 ; and 1947, 1,568, This represents progressive decreases of 19, 11, and 12 per cent, respectively. A slightly greater percentage decrease is noted in the number of children appearing for more serious offences. The figures for these over the past four years are 1,614, 1,402, 1,243, and 1,086. The total number of children under the control and supervision of the Branch declined last year from 8,048 to 7,525. The falling birth-rate up to the year 1935 may, of course, account for some of the gross decrease in juvenile delinquency figures during the last three years, but since the total drop in the number of births between 1928 and 1935 was less than 12 per cent., this cannot be a major factor. The return of fathers from war service must also have had some influence. One hesitates to make specific claims in a complex social situation, but I cannot feel it to be a mere coincidence that such a substantial drop in the figures followed immediately on the intensified drive made by the Child Welfare Branch in its preventive work. With new child welfare districts established and with the staffing built up to 105 field officers, generously assisted by some 230 honorary officers, it has been possible for the Branch to concentrate more effectively on the preventive work which it has for many years claimed to be its main function.

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Although circumstances have retarded the Branch's building programme, renovations and alterations have been carried out in several institutions, and a new block has been opened at the Girls' Training Centre, Burwood, for use as a hostel for older girls working outside the institution in the daytime. A building purchased at Palmerston North was opened during the year as a receiving home serving the districts on the West of the North Island. UNESCO The New Zealand representatives to the first General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization in Paris in November-December, 1946, were Dr. C. E. Beeby, Director of Education, Dr. R. A. Falla, Curator of the Canterbury Museum, and Miss Lorna McPhee, Information Officer at the High Commissioner's Office in London. The Government is hopeful that UNESCO will, in terms of its constitution, " contribute to peace and security by promoting collaboration among the nations through education, science and culture . . . " As a small nation New Zealand has much to gain from membership of such an organization. I also like to think that it has something worth while to give. Retirement Mr. F. C. Reynard, B.Se., retired during 1946 from the position of Superintendent of Technical Education which he had held for eight years. I should like to pay a tribute here to the good work he did in this important office. Acknowledgments The number of persons of whom special mention should be made for their work in education during this very fruitful year is legion. The children of New Zealand owe much to the devoted work on their behalf of members of controlling bodies, of School Committees and parents' associations, of the many consultative committees that have freely given their time and energies to the consideration of educational problems, of administrative staffs, and of the teachers with whom, after all, the final responsibility rests. To them all I offer the Government's sincere thanks.

TABLES Table C1.—PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS by Grade, December, 1946

Thirty-seven schools with side schools attached are counted as separate schools.

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Grade. Number of Schools. Grade. Number of Schools. ' I (1-8). 92 VA (191-230) 32 II (9-24) 631 VB (231-270) 33 IIIA (25-30) 119 Vc (271-310) , 33 IIIB (31-70) 527 Vd (311-350) 26 IYA (71-110) 175 VI (351-510) 109 IYB (111-150) 105 VII (511-910) .. 66 TVr< n^l-lQO^ 54 i. V V 1 Xt* X*7"JL . • • • Total 2,002

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Table D.—ROLL NUMBERS at Educational Institutions (exclusive of University Colleges and Kindergarten Schools)

* Native mission schools are registered private primary schools, and some Native secondary schools are registered private secondary schools, but in this table these schools are considered, respectively, mission schools and Native postprimary schools. t Estimated population five years of age but under ten years of age. t Estimated population twenty-one years of age and under twenty-two years of age. § In other tables schools of art are classed as technical schools unless otherwise indicated.

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Type of School. Total Number on the Roll Total Number on the Boll Children. on the 1st July, 1945. on the 1st July, 1946. Under 10 Years. 10-11 Years. 11-12 Years. 12-13 Years. 13-14 Years. Public primary schools Special classes for backward children Native village schools (primary) Native mission and boarding schools (private primary)* Public primary schools, Chatham Islands .. Secondary schools, lower departments Private primary schools* Intermediate schools and departments Secondary departments of district high schools Secondary schools Combined schools Technical high and day schools Schools of Art§ Part-time students at day and night classes Native secondary schools*—Primary Post-primary Endowed and registered private secondary schools* Correspondence schoolPrimary Secondary Training colleges Schools for mentally backward, &c. Schools for the deaf New Zealand Institute for the Blind 189,274 900 11,830 683 111 164 28,712 9,604 8,046 19,126 3,626 12,759 297 16,463 24 509 8,424 1,840 878 1,431 204 212 32 194,810 905 12,218 706 128 170 29.671 10,010 7,724 19,389 3,648 13,575 246 18.672 34 590 8,834 1,869 839 1,575 192 237 32 123,809 175 6,429 388 60 36 17,047 1,077 18 148 10 21,178 105 1,245 57 12 18 3,120 144 133 15 15 1 18,628 140 1,228 78 12 32 3,242 2,185 1 7 1 "26 1 5 150 3 "l9 14 2 16,041 163 1,143 60 17 41 3,116 3,689 155 308 55 221 "24 11 2 233 123 15 * 19 9 5 9,941 159 1,097" 7<y 11 262,07& 2,451 l,474r 3,425 614 2,6191 32? 11 351,341 141 136- ' 3014 5 Grand totals 315,149 326,074 149,197 26,043 25,774 25,450 25,703 Estimated population (inclusive of Maoris) at 1st July, 1946 1,761,259 154,800t 129,000 Adolescents. Adults. Type of School. 14-15 Years. 15-16 Years. 16-17 Years. 17-18 Years. 18-19 Years. 19-20 Years. 20-21 Years. 21 Year* and over. Public primary schools Special classes for backward children Native village schools (primary) Native mission and boarding schools (private primary)* Public primary schools, Chatham Islands.. Secondary schools, lower departments Private primary schools* Intermediate schools and departments Secondary departments of district high schools Secondary schools Combined schools Technical high and day schools Schools of Art§ Part-time students at day and night classes Native secondary schools*— Primary Post-primary Endowed and registered private secondary sehools* Correspondence school — Primary Secondary Training colleges Schools for mentally backward, d'c. Schools for the deaf New Zealand Institute for the Blind 4,419 104 765 39 12 13 850 1,284 2,797 5,509 1,110 4,970 19 64 3 97 2,384 99 340 "30 17 6 747 27 264 12 3 3 205 233 1,908 4,969 946 3,681 45 1,152 3 166 2,326 44 174 ' 23 13 42 9 43 2 1 1 20 23 996 3,144 563 1,481 4-2 2,209 161 1,596 28 89 "21 7 5 23 4 1 1 309 1,567 287 482 30 2,617 ' '82 755 21 42 98 8 2 "76 412 63 105 25 2,360 ' 41 164 8 22 438 3 1 7 44 9 12 19 1,549 3 25 6 7 447 1 1 1 1 3 10 1,006 2 3 8 5 173 1 3 "55 7,63S 1 2 31 6 419 4 Grand totals 24,931 16,944 10,483 6,334 3,718 2,129 1,214 8,154 Estimated population (inclusive of Maoris) at 1st July, 1946 27,700 27,900 27,700 28,000 28,200 28,100 27,800{

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Table E1.—NUMBERS OF FULL-TIME PUPILS, 1st July, 1946

13

Special Class for the Mentally Backward. Class P. Standard 1. Standard 2. Standard 3. Type of School. Boys. Girls. Bo vs. ! Girls. 1 Boys. Girls. Joys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Public primary 564 341 35,478 31,220 13.353 12,424 12,395 11, r89 12,094 11,386 Native —Europeans 151 135 59 56 54 41 59 46 Maoris 2,385 2,085 696 666 670 307 670 603 Public primary—Chatham Islands 25 21 11 11 9 8 5 9 Private primary and lower depart- .. 4,331 4,495 1,774 1,888 1,629 1, 361 1,666 1,883 ments of secondary Intermediate Secondary departments of district high schools Secondary Technical Combined Schools of Art Endowed and registered private secondary Correspondence—Primary Secondary 96 120 310 392 76 97 77 74 62 104 Totals 660 461 42,680 38,348 15,969 15,142 14,834 14, 380 14,556 14,031 Type of School. Standard 4. Form I. Form II. Form III. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 120 Public primary .. 11,369 10,779 8,726 8,372 7,620 7,593 92 Native —Europeans 64 61 60 37 37 46 4 3 Maoris 619 547 478 501 326 390 .27 35 Public primary—Chatham Islands 4 5 4 4 5 3 2 2 Private primary and lower depart1,717 1,870 1,779 1,928 1,699 1,803 75 170 ments of secondary Intermediate 2,554 2,311 2,505 2,237 121 232 Secondary departments of district 1,750 1,883 high schools Secondary 3,044 3,238 Technical 3,499 2,776 Combined 661 576 Schools of Art 1 Endowed and registered private secondary Correspondence—Primary 1,361 1J690 60 80 58 66 62 80 33» 22» Secondary 224 351 Totals 13,833 13,342 13,659 13,219 12,254 12,152 10,894 11,098 Form IV. Form V. Form VI.. Totals. Type of School. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Public primary 101,691 94,024 Native—Europeans 488 425 Maoris 5,871 5,434 Public primary—Chatham Islands 65 63 Private primary and lower depart14,670 15,898 ments of secondary Intermediate 7 43 5,187 4,823 Secondary departments of district high schools Secondary 1,114 1,345 663 765 "99 'ios 3,626 4,098 2,814 2,943 2,757 2,609 1,210 774 9,825 9,564 Technical 2,632 2,110 1,254 885 273 146 7,658 5,917 Combined 611 481 501 475 213 130 1,986 1,662 Schools of Art 11 45 41 102 17 29 70 176 Endowed and registered private secondary Correspondence—Primary 1,234 1,631 1,139 1,521 533 . 315 4,267 5,157 834 1,035 Secondary '"49 "84 "29 "76 "l4 "l2 316 523 Totals 8,472 8,682 6,384 6,433 2,359 1,511 156,554 148,799 < Ac ult tection

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Table E2.—AGE AND CLASSIFICATION of Pupils at Public Primary Schools, 1st July, 1946

14

Special Classes for Backward Class P. Standard 1. Standard 2. Standard 3. Age, in Years. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 5 and under (5 8 1 14,108 12,975 2 6 ,, 7 8~ 2 13,438 12,394 '376 560 8 1 7 8 10 6 5,974 4,655 5,907 6,718 343 574 1 4 8 9 34 19 1,462 872 4,932 3,851 5,287 6,129 334 566 9 „ 10 55 32 332 225 1,575 976 4,547 3,789 4,610 5,429 10 „ 11 67 38 103 58 404 211 1,582 966 4,391 3,703 11 „ 12 88 52 40 21 121 74 477 235 1,893 1,163 12 „ 13 103 60 14 10 22 21 113 72 651 368 13. „ 14 104 55 6 8 12 6 24 15 159 118 14 „ 15 64 40 1 2 4 3 12 7 44 32 15 „ 16 13 14 2 2 11 3 36. „ 17 4 5 17 years and over 6 17 1 Totals 564 341 35,478 31,220 13,353 12,424 12,395 11,789 12,094 11,386 Median age, in years and 12 1 12 4 6 3 6 3 8 1 7 10 9 1 8 10 10 3 9 11 months Standard 4. Form I. Form II. Form III. Totals. A • "XT Age, in lears. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 5 and under 6 14,116 12,978 6 7 13,830 12,957 7 8 12,235 11,957 8 „ 9 3 "ll 12,052 11,448 9 „ 10 320 510 2 9 11,441 10,970 10 „ 11 4,090 5,020 235 406 " 3 6 10,875 10,408 11 „ 12 4,077 3,410 2,886 3,499 290 440 1 1 9,873 8,895 12 „ 13 1,928 1,267 3,028 2,706 2,513 3,310 6 12 8,378 7,826 13 „ 14 729 409 1,681 1,229 2,906 2,581 20 38 5,641 4,459 14 „ 15 197 137 . 784 452 1,573 1,060 51 60 2,730 1,793 15 „ 10 24 14 105 65 315 187 13 6 483 291 16 17 1 5 6 19 7 1 3 30 21 17 years and over 1 1 2 7 21 Totals 11,369 10,779 8,726 8,372 7,620 7,593 92 120 101,691 94,024 Median age, in years and 11 4 11 0 12 5 12 1 13 4 13 0 14 4 14 2 months

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Table E3.—AGE AND CLASSIFICATION of Pupils at Public Post-primary Schools, 1st July, 1946

Table E4.—AGE AND CLASSIFICATION of Pupils at Registered Private Secondary and Endowed Schools, 1st July, 1946

15

(Excluding Schools of Art) Form III. Form IV. Form V. Form VI. Totals. Age. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Under 11 years 11 and under 12 years 6 3 6 3 12 13 , 315 415 2 7 317 422 13 14 , 3,385 3,965 291 484 2 5 3,678 4,454 14 15 , 3,785 3,241 3,216 3,542 233 366 2 1 7,236 7,150 15 16 , 1,257 741 2,848 2,355 2,068 2,047 93 95 6,266 5,238 16 17 , 189 98 732 446 1,997 1,772 542 408 3,460 2,724 17 18 , 15 7 65 39 736 496 772 515 1,588 1,057 18 19 , 2 2 12 6 127 44 336 127 477 179 19 20 , 5 9 3 45 9 59 12 20 21 , 2 1 3 5 1 21 years and over 1 1 2 3 1 Totals 8,954 8,473 7,171 6,879 5,175 4,734 1,795 1,155 23,095 21,241 Median age, in years and 14 2 14 0 15 0 14 10 16 2 16 0 17 4 17 2 months ,

15 E—1 Table E 3.—AGE AND CLASSIFICATION OF Pupils at Public Post-primary Schools, 1st July, 1946 (Excluding Schools of Art) Form III. Form IV. Form V. Form VI. Totals. Age. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys, j Girls. Boys. Girls. Under 11 years 11 and under 12 years 6 3 "6 " 3 12 „ 13 „ 315 415 2 *7 317 422 13 „ 14 „ 3,385 3,965 291 484 "2 5 3,678 4,454 14 „ 15 „ 3,785 3,241 3,216 3,542 233 366 "2 1 7,236 7,150 15 „ 16 „ 1,257 741 2,848 2,355 2,068 2,047 93 95 6,266 5,238 16 „ 17 „ 189 98 732 446 1,997 1,772 542 408 3,460 2,724 17 „ 18 „ 15 7 65 39 736 496 772 515 1,588 1,057 18 „ 19 „ 2 2 12 6 127 44 336 127 477 179 19 „ 20 „ 5 9 3 45 9 59 12 20 „ 21 „ 2 1 3 5 1 21 years and over 1 1 9 3 1 Totals 8,954 8,473 7,171 6,879 5,175 4,734 1,795 1,155 23,095 21,241 Median age, in years and 14 2 14 0 15 0 14 10 16 2 16 0 17 4 17 2 months * Table E 4.—AGE AND CLASSIFICATION of Pupils at Registered Private Secondary and Endowed Schools, 1st July, 1946 Form III. Form IV. Form V. I Form VI. Totals. Age. Boys. Girls. Boys. | Girls. Boys. Girls. | Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 11 and under 12 years 5 5 12 „ 13 „ 65 164 2 4 67 168 13 „ 14 „ 446 720 50 155 "3 "2 499 877 14 „ 15 „ 551 569 492 696 71 102 1,114 1,367 15 „ 16 „ 243 189 492 560 361 593 35 i9 1,131 1,361 16 „ 17 „ 47 39 162 195 460 556 183 115 852 905 17 „ 18 „ 6 4 30 17 177 234 221 148 434 403 18 „ 19 ■„ 1 6 4 54 26 84 30 145 60 19 „ 20 „ 2 8 7 8 3 18 10 20 „ 21 „ 3 1 1 4 1 21 years and over 2 1 3 Totals 1,361 1,690 1,234 1,631 1,139 1,521 533 315 4,267 5,157 Median age, in years and 14 4 13 11 15 2 14 11 16 4 16 1 17 3 17 2 months

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Table E5.—AGE AND CLASSIFICATION of Pupils at Registered Private Primary Schools and Lower Departments of Secondary Schools, 1st July, 1946

16

Class P. Standard 1. Standard 2. Standard 3. Standard 4. Age, in Years. Boys. Girls. I Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 5 years and under 6 1,741 1,896 6 „ 7 1,705 1,807 66 *92 7 „ 8 704 669 827 1,100 68 ii7 1 8 „ 9 132 101 651 539 702 990 79 131 9 „ 10 41 17 179 122 594 589 677 907 8 8 136 10 „ 11 3 3 34 22 189 123 584 586 625 820 11 „ 12 .. 3 2 10 7 62 30 238 191 616 612 12 „ 13 1 6 5 1 3 11 57 52' 276 212 13 „ 14 1 1 1 5 1 23 13 73 71 14 „ 15 1 5 2 33 14 15 „ 16 2 1 5 4 16 „ 17 1 1 17 and over •• Totals 4,331 4,495 1,774 1,888 Is 629 1,861 1,666 1, 883 1,717 1,870 Median age, in years and 6 3 6 2 8 0 7 9 9 1 8 10 10 2 9 11 11 3 11 0 months Form I. Form II. Form III. Totals. Age, in Years. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Be >ys. Girls. 5 years and under 6 .. 1,741 1,896 6 „ 7 .. 1,771 1,899 7 „ 8 .. 1,600 1,886 8 „ 9 .. 1, 564 1,761 9 „ 10 .. " 2 1 1, 581 1,772 10 „ 11 • • 88 115 2 1 1, 525 1,670 11 „ 12.. 622 762 77 117 3 1,631 1,721 12 „ 13 .. 640 652 593 697 10 6 1, 591 1,635 13 „ 14 .. 302 300 638 660 34 51 1, 077 1,097 14 „ 15 .. 107 87 302 268 18 67 466 438 15 „ 16 .. 17 10 77 57 6 43 107 115 16 „ 17 .. 1 1 10 2 4 3 16 7 17 and over 1 1 Totals 1 ,779 1,928 1,699 1,803 75 170 14,670 15,898 Median age, in years and 12 3 12 2 13 3 13 2 13 9 14 5 months

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Table E6.—AGE AND CLASSIFICATION of Pupils at Intermediate Schools and Departments, 1st July, 1946

Table K2.—SIZE OF CLASSES in Public Primary Schools of Grade IV and over

* The Teachers' Salaries Regulations 1938 provided new grades for public schools. Since that year school* of Grade IVB (roll minimum of 111) have been included. A Grade IV school under the previous regulations had a minimum average attendance of 121. Hence a few more schools with lower rolls have been included since 1038.

Table N.—AGES at which Pupils begin Post-primary Course

17

Age. Form I. Form II. Form III. Form IV. Totals. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Under 10 years 10 and under 11 years 11 „ 12 „ 12 „ 13 „ 13 „ 14 „ 14 „ 15 „ 15 „ 18 „ 16 „ 17 „ 17 „ 18 „ IB „ 19 „ Totals Median age, in years and months 55 947 938 400 186 24 4 87 1,076 821 238 81 8 73 906 961 462 93 10 2 89 1,020 780 299 45 2 24 67 27 3 4 47 151 26 3 1 1 6 i "• •• 32 10 1 55 1,020 1,844 1,386 721 144 17 *89 1,165 1,845 1,065 563 89 6 1 2,554 2,311 2,505 2,237 121 232 7 43 5,187 4,823 12 4 12 0 13 3 13 0 14 7 14 5 14 8

Number of Children. February, 1936. February, 1946.* February, 1947.* Number of Classes. Per Cent. Number of Classes. Per Cent. Number of Classes. Per Cent. Under 31 .. 31-40 41-50 51-60 61 and over Totals 296' 802 1,173 550 45 10-3 28-0 40-9 19-2 1-6 751 1,385 1,252 214 20-8 38-5 34-8 5-9 898 1,606 1,257 157 22-9 41-0 32-1 4-0 2,866 100-0 3,602 100-0 3,918 1 100-0 !

Type of School. Age at which Post-primary Course begun. Total Numbers beginning Post-primary Education. Under 12 Years. 12 Years. 13 Years. 14 Years. 15 Years and over. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Secondary Combined Technical District high Correspondence .. Totals 14 2 7 6 14 "4 10 1 453 108 307 237 10 625 67 341 340 34 1,555 312 1,575 814 92 1,796 270 1,514 935 130 854 183 1,405 633 98 692 196 839 512 124 212 49 340 159 11 122 42 126 143 25 3,088 654 3,634 1,849 211 3,249 575 2,8241,940 314 29 29 1,115 1,407 4,348 4,645 3,173 2,363 771 458 9,436 8,902

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Table O1.—PROBABLE DESTINATION, Public Primary Schools' Pupils, 1946

Table O2. —PROBABLE DESTINATION, Intermediate Schools and Departments' Pupils, 1946

18

Totals. With PrimarySchool Certificate. Without Primary School Certificate. Occupation. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Number. Percentage. Number i Per1 rentage. Post-primary . . 6,527 6,848 .162 113 6,689 82-7 6,961 88-3 Clerical (including typing)— (a) Government and local bo iv 9 4 1 10 0-1 4 0-1 (b) Banks, insurance, leg il, 6 1 7 0-1 commercial houses, shor. s, and warehouses Shops and warehouse assistants 61 62 55 52 116 1-4 114 1-4 Manual trades — (a) Government and local boc y 15 3 5 2 20 0-3 5 0-1 (6) Building 27 1 16 43 0-5 1 * (c) Motor'engineering 34 17 51 0-6 (d) General engineering 5 3 8 0-1 (e) Printing 5 5 10 0-1 (/) Other trades 59 16 48 '*4 107 1-3 20 6-3 Farming 260 19 334 14 594 7-4 33 0-4 Factory operatives 36 54 53 56 89 11 110 1-4 Other occupations 46 39 83 75 129 1-6 114 1-4 At home 52 189 106 267 158 2-0 456 5-8 Not known 29 20 37 35 66 0-8 55 0-7 Totals . 7,165 7,261 925 619 8,090 100-0 7,880 100-0 * In jignificant percentaj e.

E—1 18 TABLE 0 1.—PROBABLE DESTINATION, Public Primary Schools' Pupils, 1946 With Primary Without Primary Totals. Occupation. School Certificate. School Certificate. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Number. Percentage. Number. Percentage. Post-primary Clerical (including typing)— (a) Government and local body (b) Banks, insurance, legal, commercial houses, shops, and warehouses Shops and warehouse assistants .. Manual trades — (a) Government and local body (b) Building (c) Motor'engineering (d) General engineering (e) Printing (/) Other trades Farming Factory operatives Other occupations At home Not known .. .. 6,527 9 61 15 27 34 5 5 59 260 36 46 52 29 6,848 4 6 62 3 1 16 19 54 39 189 20 .162 1 55 5 16 17 3 5 48 334 53 83 106 37 113 1 52 2 4 14 56 ' 75 267 35 6,689 10 116 20 43 51 8 10 107 594 89 129 158 66 82-7 0-1 1-4 0-3 0-5 0-6 0-1 01 1-3 7-4 11 1-6 2-0 0-8 6,961 4 7 114 5 1 20 33 110 114 456 55 88-3 0-1 0-1 1-4 01 * 0-3 0-4 1-4 1-4 5-8 0-7 Totals 7,165 7,261 925 619 8,090 100-0 7 ',880 100-0 * Insignificant percentage. TABLE 0 2.—PROBABLE DESTINATION, Intermediate Schools and Departments' Pupils, 1946 Boys. Girls. Occupation. First Year. Second Year. Third Year. Total. Percentage. First Year. Second Year. Third Year. | Total. I Percentage. Post-primary Clerical (including typing)— (а) Government and local bod; (б) Banks, insurance, legal, com mercial houses, shops, anc warehouses Shops and warehouse assistants . Manual trades— (a) Government and local body (b) Building (c) Motor engineering (d) General engineering (e) Printing .. . (/) Other trades Panning Factory operatives Other occupations At home Not known r i 20 3 3 1 ' 3 15 6 5 2 5 2,132 1 34 4 9 3 2 25 40 16 36 10 31 29 1 2 23 15 10 6 6 15 15 15 15 5 8 2,181 6 3 60 4 27 16 9 8 43 70 37 56 17 44 84-5 0-2 0-1 2-3 0-2 10 0-6 0-4 0-3 1-7 2-7 1-4 2-2 0-7 1-7. 5 "l 3 ' '5 1 14 4 1,901 "7 . 2!f "2 6 '24 47 13 46 2 7 47 ' 4 '47 48 63 2. 1,952 2 15 79 "2 10 '76 71 124 19 83-1 0-1 0-6 3-4 o ; i 0-4 3-2 3-0 5-3 0-8 Totals 63 2,353 165 2,581 100-0 33 2,051 266 2,350 I 100-0

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Table O3.—PROBABLE DESTINATION, Post-primary Schools' Pupils, 1946

19

' Occupation. Secondary Schools. Combined Schools. Technical High and . Day Schools. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. ' . "i Girls. Number. Per Cent. Number. Per Cent. Number. Per Cent. Number. Per Cent. 1 Num- J Per ber. Cent. Number. > Pet j Cent. University college Teaching or training college .. Professional engineering, surveying, architecture Clerical (including typing)— (а) Government and local body (б) Banks, insurance, legal, commercial houses, shops, and warehouses Shop and warehouse assistants Manual trades— (a) Government and local body (b) Building (c) Motor engineering (d) General engineering (e) Printing (/) Other trades Farming Factory operatives Other occupations Home Not known Totals 327 89 40 227 592 316 31 106 100 62 16 173 491 51 186 63 155 10-8 2-9 1-3 7-5 19-6 10-5 10 3-5 3-3 21 0-5 5-7 16-2 1-7 6-2 2-1 5-1 124 230 207 628 410 10 "2 112 70 92 602 595 113 3-9 7-2 6*5 19-7 12-8 0-3 o : i 3-5 2-2 2-9 18-8 18-6 3-5. 41 11 2 47 78 79 18 50 51 40 4 38 176 6 19 4 41 5-8 1-5 0-3 6-7 11 1 11-2 2-5 71 7-2 5-7 0-6 5-4 25-0 0-8 2-7 0-6 5-8 16 46 33 123, 87 "7 21 4 85 146 1 2-8 8-1 5-8 21-,6. 15-3 12 3-7 0-7 14-9 25-7 0-2 46 24 40 98 144 340 / 90 217 231 291 63 534 549 117 232 34 383 1-3 0-7 1-2 2-9 4-2 9-9 2-6 6-3 6-7 8-5 1-8 15.-6 16-0 3-4 6-8 1-0 11-1 15 38 5 129 47.0. 412 5 '27 156 13 157 312 444 177 0-6 1-6 0-2 5-5 .19,-9 17-5 0-2 11 6-6 0-6 6-7 13-2 18-8 7-5 3,025 100 0 3,195 100-0 705 100-0 569 100-0 3,433 100-0 2,360 100-0 Occupation. Secondary Departments of District High Schools. Totals. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Number. Per Cent. Number. Per Cent. berPer Cent. Number. Per Cent. University college Teaching or training college Professional engineering, surveying, architecture Clerical (including typing)— (a) Government and local body (b) Banks, insurance, legal, commercial, houses, shops, and warehouses Shop and warehouse assistants Manual tradesfa) Government and local body (b) Building (c) Motor engineering (d) General engineering (e) Printing (/) Other trades Farming Factory operatives Other occupations Home Not known Totals 19 21 7 117 66 160 45 55 73 33 7 101 598 39 93 47 55 1-2 1-4 0-5 7-6 .4-3 10-4 2-9 3-6 4-7 2-1 0-5 6-6 38-9 2-5 61 31 3-6 7 56 2 83 230 282 10 1 5 35 61 179 563 42 0-5 3-6 0-1 5-3 14-8 18-1 0-6 0-1 0-3 2-3 3-9 11-5 36-2 2-7 433 145 89 489 880 895 184 428 455 426 90 846 1,814 213 530 148 634 5-0 1-7 1-0 5-6 10-1 10-3 2-1 4-9 5-2 4-9 1-0 9-7 20-9 2-5 6-1 1-7 7-3 162 370 7 452 1,451 1,191 25 " 30 280 139" 314 1,178 1,748 333 2-1 4-8 0-1 5-9 18-9 15-5 0-3 0-4 3-7 1-8 .4-1 15-3 " 22-8 4-3 1,536 100-0 1,556 100-0 8,699 100-0 7,680 I 100-.0

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Table O4.—Percentages of BOYS LEAVING POST-PRIMARY SCHOOLS in 1943-46 who proceeded to the University or to Employment in the Three Main Occupational Groups

Table P2.—Enrollees, etc., with VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE CENTRES placed in Employment during 1946

Table Q2.—LENGTH OF POST-PRIMARY COURSE

Note.—The approximate average length of school life of pupils attending post-primary schools was: Secondary •chools, 2 years 11 months; combined schools, 2 years 9 months; technical high and day schools, 2 years 3 month*; secondary departments of district high schools, 2 years 2 months ; all post-primary schools, 2 years 6 months.

20

University. Clerical, Professional, Shop, and Warehouse. Farming. Trades and Industries. Class of School. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1946. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1946. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1946. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1946. Secondary 13 15 10 11 41 38 36 42 18 17 19 16 17 18 19 18 Combined 7 9 6 6 27 27 25 31 29 25 25 25 26 30 33 29 Technical 2 2 1 1 21 17 17 19 19 18 17 16 41 44 44 45 District High 3 4 1 1 22 21 20 24 43 39 43 39 20 24 22 23 AU schools 7 8 5 5 29 26 25 29 28 22 23 21 28 30 31 30 * Amending E-l, 1946.

Centre. Placed by Centre. Self-placed. Total. Auckland 550 542 1,092 Wellington .. 1,012 257 1,269 Christchurch 756 918 1,674 Dunedin 360 45 405 Invercargill 11 11 Totals 2,689 1,762 1 4,451 !

Secondary Schools. Combined Schools. Technical High and Technical Day Schools. District High Schools. All Schools. Number. Per Cent. Number. Per Cent. Number. Per Cent. Number. • Per Cent. Number. Per Cent. Leaving in first 599 9-6 126 9-9 1,280 22-1 790 25-5 2,795 171 year Leaving in second 1,603 25-8 398 31-2 2,478 42-8 1,261 40-8 5,740 35-0 year Leaving in third 1,722 27-7 397 31-2 1,414 24-4 654 21-2 4,187 25-6 year Leaving in fourth year or later '2,296 36-9 353 27-7 621 10-7 387 12-5 3,657 22-3 Totals 6,220 100-0 1,274 100 0 5,793 100 0 3,092 100-0 16,379 100-0

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Table Q3. —Number of Pupils at EVENING TECHNICAL AND PART-TIME DAY CLASSES

Table R. —Number of Pupils at NATIVE SCHOOLS, etc., 1st July

Table S.—Registered PRIVATE PRIMARY Schools, 1946

The number of schools at the end of the previous year was 308, and the total enrolment 30,401.

21

Year. Number of Centres. Number on Roll, 1st July. Number, holding Free Places. Males. Females. Males. Females. 1944 59 9,317 4,926 5,975 2,690 1945 65 11,066 5,397 6,681 3,071 1946 65 13,351 5,321 7,395 3,240

1946. 1945. Schools. Roll. Schools. Roll. Native village schools Mission and boarding schools (primary) Public schools with Native children enrolled 159 10 895 12,218 706 15,693 158 10 885 11,830 683 14,974 Totals.. 1,064 28,617 1,053 27,487 Note.—Of the pupils enrolled at Native village schools, 883 in 1945 and 1,913 in 1946 were Europeans.

— Undenominational Schools. Catholic Church Schools. Other Church Schools. Total. Number of schools Roll at December — Boys Grirls Totals Average attendance Teachers (inclusive of head teachers) — Men Women Totals.. 16 234 58 308 239 535 12,777 13,538 2,147 2,270 15,163 16,343 774 26,315 4,417 31,506 655 22,961 3,929 27,545 6 40 60 703 66 134 132 877 46 763 200 1,009

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Table T. —Endowed Schools and Registered PRIVATE SECONDARY Schools

Table U.—KINDERGARTEN Schools, 1946

Table Y1.—Particulars relating to UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

22

— 1945. 1946. Number of schools Roll at 1st July Average attendance Teachers (inclusive of head teachers) — Men Women 75 8,933 8,269 80 9,424 8,827 180 271* 200 281 Totals 451 481 ♦Amending E-l, 1946.

Association. Number of Schools. Pupils on Roll at End of Year. Average Attendance. Average Weekly Roll. Auckland .. .. .. .. ... Hamilton .. Hastings Masterton Hiitt Valley Wellington Christchurch Hokitika Ashburton.. Timaru Dunedin Invercargill Totals, 1946 .. Totals, 1945 Difference 21 1 1 2 3 9 16 1 1 1 8 4 983 40 64 76 142 437 747 25 30 40 338 186 684 29 43 49 102 328 569 18 27 28 266 120 938 39 59 63 138 421 728 25 34 40 324 184 68 62 3,108 2,934 2,263 2,139 | 2,993 2,833 + 6 + 174 + 124 + 160

— 1942. 1943. 1944. 1945. 1940. Number of students in actual attendance at lectures 3,837 5,181 6,584 7, 986 11,263 Number of exempted students 536 772 1,146 1, 345 1,186 Percentage of students — Men 62 68 72 75 82 Women 38 32 28 25 18 Percentage of students actually attending Universities receiving free education*— Men 54 49 51 51 61 Women 67 61 56 56 59 All students 59 53 52 A 53 61 A . , Occupations of students expressed as percentages — M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) Full-time students 57 48 51 43 49 46 50 48 44 58 (2) Teachers and training colleges 10 33 33 32 14 28 11 27 10 23 (3) Government and local bodies 16 9 16 9 13 9 11 9 15 7 (4) Other .. 15 8 14 9 21 12 24 12 29 9 (5) Not known 2 2 6 7 3 5 4 4 2 3 * These students hold scholarships or training-eollege studentships.

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Table Y2. —Numbers of UNIVERSITY Students and COURSES taken

Table.—MANUAL INSTRUCTION

Table W. —Number of Students in the various TRAINING COLLEGES at December

23

Number of Students enrolled. Courses taken. Year. i _c3 < & | > a 1 £ O 1 1 o i/j <! >> 1 o 3 o H 1 1 1 < 3 8 a 1 o CD p" o •si |h P 3 2 _g 9 a 1 3 CD a o w 1 1 o w a ?-< Hi 1 1 a '5 '■3 3 tab a s CD 1 a 1945 2,411 1,865 1,892 1,981 564 618 9,331 1,179 134 2,965 1,111 1 75 67 399 207 52 37 317 44 S93 38 147 1,176 1946 -3,281 2,598 2,554 2,560 737 719 12449 1,489 221 3,825 2,162 205 103 18 705 207 00 74 583 43 81*5 03 248 1,516 * Includes 1,088 students taking short courses at agricultural colleges in 1946. The corresponding figure in 1945 was 9 10.

Number of Schools from which Pupils attended. Number of Pupils attending Centres. Boys. Girls. Public primary and Native schools Intermediate schools and departments Secondary departments of district high schools Private schools 915 28 85 181 13,540 5,181 3,139 2,389 12,533 4,809 3,288 2,209 Totals 1,209 24,249 22,839 Note.—There were 164 manual-training centres durin y 1946.

College. 1946. 1945. Men. Women. Total. Men. Women. Total. Auckland 243 320 563 164 400 564 Wellington .. 154 181 335 79 215 294 Christchurcli 197 186 383 118 197 315 Dunedin 160 162 322 80 195 275 Totals 754 849 1,603 441 1,007 1,448

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Table. —NUMBER OF CHILDREN under Supervision of the Child Welfare Branch at 31st March

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— 1945. 1946. | 1947. | State wards — In foster-homes, hostels, and with friends In situations, including those absent without leave In Government institutions, receiving-homes, &c. In private institutions In Roman Catholic institutions recognized under Child Welfare Act In special schools for backward children In refuges or cognate institutions In hospitals, convalescent homes, &c. In residential colleges (mostly Maori children) Subtotal Other than State wards — Young persons supervised by Child Welfare Officers in their own homes, with relatives, or with friends, pursuant to orders of Courts Infants supervised in foster-homes registered under the Infants Act Pupils at Schools for the Deaf, Sumner and Titirangi Pupils at schools for mentally backward, Otekaike and Richmond (other than State wards included in figures above) Children supervised as preventive cases Children in New Zealand Institute for Blind for whom the Department makes payment Subtotal Grand total British children in New Zealand 2,502 1,022 285 108 90 139 59 36 17 2,444 1,006 316 105 82 129 49 40 13 2,322 922 306 95 74 127 38 32 18 4,258 4,184 3,934 1,063 799 215 47 1,905 20 1,028 909 238 45 1.629 17 915 788 250 45 1,569 24 4,049 3,864 3,591 8,307 8,048 7,525 190 46 11

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APPENDIX STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND RECOVERIES in respect of all Services under the Control or Supervision of the Minister of Education during the Year ended 31st March, 1947

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General Administration Salaries of Head Office staff Part salaries of Inspectors attached to Head Office Overtime and meal allowances £ 61,811 6,563 1,882 £ 70,256 243 882 4,674 2,169 3,347 1,673 207 327 6 £ Office furniture and fittings Office expenses Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone and postal services Travelling-expenses Education Gazette — Salaries Printing, postage, &c., office and other requisites 568 2,779 Printing and stationery Printing and stationery—Storage with Government Printer .. Rent of offices Miscellaneous Less recoveries— Services rendered to Teachers' Superannuation Board and to other Departments Education Gazette : Sales and advertising, &c. Postage and telegrams Printing and stationery and sale of publications Teachers' certificates, fees for Sale of surplus stores .. .. .. Travelling-expenses 3,279 90 116 12 765 57 10 83,784 4,329 79,455 Primary Education .(Including Intermediate Schools or Departments under Control of Education Boards) Teachers' salaries and allowances Teachers' salaries and allowances —Chatham Island schools 2,886,746 2,929 2,889,675 63,324 242,932 21,608 1,373 1,732 Education Boards—Grants for administration and general purposes School Committees' allowances —Cleaning, heating, &c. School and class libraries Supply of books in necessitous cases Removal expenses of teachers School buildings and sites — Maintenance, including alterations to make safe against earthquake Rebuilding or repairing buildings destroyed or damaged by fire Rent of buildings and sites for school purposes Valuation fees and miscellaneous Grants to Fire Brigades 288,692 9,403 6,440 520 5 305,060 1,603 1,658 27,724 316 404,397 8,908 Maintenance and cost of disposal of buildings not used for school purposes Boys' and girls' agricultural clubs Grants in aid of free kindergartens Grant to pre-school education centre, Dunedin Conveyance, &c., of children — By rail By road and water Boarding-allowances Purchase of new buses 7,189 380,172 14,974 2,062 Conveyance of instructors and teachers

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Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued

26

Primary Education —continued Correspondence School— Salaries of staff Overtime and meal allowances Other expenses Office furniture and fittings Travelling-expenses of teachers £ 34,976 249 4,567 434 1,382 - £ 41,608 213 £ Accidents to school-children, &c. Inspection— Salaries (less part charged to Head Office Administration).. Travelling and removal expenses Office requisites Office furniture and fittings Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone and postal services 41,173 9,296 132 350 291 51,242 School Journal— Salaries Printing, postage, office-expenses, &e. 1,011 12,508 13,519 207,035 3,984 725 1,099 3 Manual instruction— Salaries Material .. .. .. .. .. Incidentals .. .. .. .. i. 144,844 26,699 35,492 Preparation of school text-books — Salaries Printing, &e. Office furniture and fittings 1,145 2,815 24 Printing (register and other school books and forms) Swimming instruction ... Miscellaneous Less recoveries— Salaries On account of maintenance of buildings Correspondence School Rent of school-sites, &c. Manual instruction Conveyance of children Travelling and removal expenses Sale, stores School and class libraries Grants-in-aid of free kindergartens Sundries 828 553 2,790 4,099 970 880 3 16 1,271 140 2 4,289,738 11,552 4,278,186 Post-primary Education (Including intermediate departments attached to secondary and technical schools) Teachers' salaries and allowances— District high schools Secondary schools .. Technical schools and classes Combined schools 175,578 457,334 432,659 91,828 1,157,399 203,991 9,598 548 Grants to Boards for administrative and general purposes — District high schools Secondary schools Technical schools Combined schools 2,502 96,461 87,390 17,638 School Committee allowances (portion for secondary departments, district high schools) Manual instruction in secondary schools

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Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued

27

Post-primary Education —continued £ £ £ Conveyance of pupils— By rail 10,942 By road and water 45,513 Boarding-allowances 76,213 132,668 Special assistance to deserving students 35 Supply of books in necessitous cases 1,715 Inspection— Salaries (less portion charged to Head Office Administration) 11,970 Travelling and removal expenses 3,213 Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone 49 and postal services Office furniture and fittings 10 1 15,242 War Bursaries 31,434 School buildings, &c. — Maintenance of buildings (including secondary departments 22,286 of district'high schools) Rents of buildings for school purposes 1,130 Rebuilding or repairing schools destroyed or damaged by fire 144 Valuation fees 40 23,600 Correspondence School — Salaries 31,793 Other expenses .. .. - .. 6,000 37,793 Technical Correspondence School —Printing, &c. 2,116 Accidents to school-children, &c. 20 School and class libraries 4,683 Reeffcon School of Mines—Services rendered by secondary 100 department of district high school Marlborough High School —Grant under Marlborough High 400 School Act, 1899 Printing forms, &c., for schools 576 Secondary education reserves revenue distributed to High 11,560 Schools Boards (Education Reserves Act, 1928) Secondary School bursaries 11,307 Purchase of typewriters for school purposes 3,044 Purchase of equipment from surplus stores 3,173 School Publications Bulletin— Salaries 617 Printing, postage, &c. .. .. 1,583 2 200 Miscellaneous •• 37 Less recoveries— 1,653,239 On account of maintenance of buildings 37 Salaries 33 Rent of school-site, &c. 1,950 Conveyance of children 9 Travelling-expenses 29 Manual instruction 1,243 Technical Correspondence School 33 Endowment revenue 866 4,200 1 (54.Q ± ? UrkV y \JOty Higher Education Grants to— New Zealand University 23,516 Auckland University College 64,794 Victoria University College 55,126 Canterbury University College 61,138 University of Otago 89,952 New Zealand School of Agriculture .. 5,970 Massey Agricultural College 35,855 * Canterbury Agricultural College 24,925 361,276

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Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued

28

Higher Education —continued Scholarships and Bursaries— University National Scholarships " Sir George Grey " Scholarships University Bursaries Agricultural Bursaries .. .. Architectural Bursaries Engineering Bursaries Home-science Bursaries Art Butsaries Science Bursaries Public Service Scholarships £ 4,437 200 46,497 2,973 380 2,351 4,344 877 2,581 100 1 £ 64,740 586 26,965 1,650 £ Special assistance to deserving students Adult Education, including Workers' Educational Association Otago Medical School: Grants for clinical teachers Less recoveries— Grant to Canterbury University College .. Sundries .. .. .. .. .. .. 61 1 455,217 62 455,155 Training Colleges and Training of Teachers Training Colleges— Salaries of staffs (including staffs of practising schools in excess of usual staff as public shools) Allowances to and expenses of students Students' University College fees Special instruction, libraries, and incidental expenses Apparatus and material Printing, &c. Training classes : Fares of teachers, &c. .. Accidents to students, &c. Special assistance to deserving students Miscellaneous 60,803 306,231 6,450 8,050 838 49 2,406 1 240 19 Less recoveries— Students' allowances and expenses Special instruction 147 40 385,087 187 384,900 Native Schools Salaries of teachers Removal expenses of teachers Books, apparatus, and other school requisites Manual instruction Conveyance and board of children Buildings and sites— Maintenance of buildings Rent of buildings and sites Valuation and survey fees Improvements to school-grounds 11,579 137 102 292 178,214 3,644 4,599 2,245 23,817 12,110 39 4,367 16,225 25 2,500 5 182 4 Equipment for supply of milk to children .. .. Inspection— Salaries of Inspectors .. .. .. Travelling and removal expenses .. .. Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for postal services Scholarships Printing, postages, &c. Grants to private Native schools Accidents to school-children Maori Battalion mobile canteen : Tour of New Zealand Miscellaneous 3,133 1,188 46 247,976

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Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued

29

Native Schools—continued Less recoveries— Fines Maintenance of buildings Rent of school-sites, &c. Salaries of teachers and Inspectors Sale of surplus stores, &c. Books, &c. Travelling-expenses Scholarships Sundries £ 1 5 219 78 41 15 95 1,500 50 £ 2,004 £ Physical Instruction Salaries of instructors Travelling and removal expenses Uniform-allowances Equipment Printing, postages, &c. Office furniture and fittings Physical-education displays Purchase of motor-vehicles 245,972 15,563 4,291 165 1,716 238 20 159 362 Less recoveries— Salaries Equipment Travelling-expenses 140 10 2 22,514 152 Education of the Blind Grant to New Zealand Institute for the Blind Maintenance fees of Government pupils at New Zealand Institute for the Blind Refund of maintenance payments Transport expenses of Government pupils 22,362 7,603 381 7 19 Less recoveries: Maintenance, fees, &e. 8,010 106 7,904 % Schools lor the Deaf Salaries of staff ■General maintenance of institutions Maintenance of buildings, &c. Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone and postal services Travelling and removal expenses (including transit of children) Refund of maintenance payments Miscellaneous 15,550 7,836 1,517 194 1,473 141 7 Less recoveries— Salaries Maintenance fees, &c. Institution receipts Travelling-expenses 13 3,519 68 21 26,718 3,621 Schools for the Mentally Backward Salaries of staff Maintenance of institutions Maintenance of buildings, &c. Travelling allowances and expenses (including transit of children) Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone ani postal services Refund of maintenance payments 23,097 17,051 11,995 1,647 825 191 49 Less recoveries— Maintenance fees, &c. Institution receipts Rents Salaries Sundries .. 1,173 1,226 2 15 3 31,758 2,419 29,339

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Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued

30

Child Welfare £ £ £ Salaries of staffs, including field officers ... 85,065 Wages of inmates employed in institutions 237 Travelling and removal expenses (including transit of children) 14,771 Boarding-out of children 98,096 Maintenance of children in Government institutions 69,513 Maintenance of children in private institutions 8,684 Maintenance of buildings, &c. 5,129 Rent of offices .. .. .. .. 3,415 Office expenses 1,084 Printing 727 Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone, 4,723 postal, and other services Refund of maintenance payments 276 Legal expenses.. .. 126 Sundries 62 Accidents .. .. .. .. .. - .. 2 Special assistance to large families 5,429 Compensations out of actions under Crown suits 321 Office furniture and fittings 442 Less recoveries— 298,102 Maintenance fees, &c. 22,068 Refunds for clothing, &c., supplied 10,212 Refunds of boarding-out payments 45 Refunds of travelling-expenses 65 Maintenance of buildings 7 Rent of land and buildings 220 Sale of furniture, &c. .. .. .. 1 Salaries .. 99 Unclaimed money 5 Institution receipts 3,248 Special assistance to large families 27 Sundries 15 36,012 Material and Stores 262,090 Salaries 1,167 Stores and material purchased 7,769 Lighting, cleaning, cartage, &c. 67 9,003 Less stores issued and charged to other items of vote, 10,239 Education Cr. 1,236 Less recoveries : Stores sold, &c. . , 1,014 Cr. 2,250 Country Library Service Salaries 19,345 Overtime and meal allowances 44 Purchase of books .. 36,641 Binding of books 757 Motor-vehicles— Purchase 1,051 Maintenance and repairs 1,146 Office expenses 1,413 Postage, printing, and stationery 871 Office furniture and equipment 1,920 Grant to New Zealand Library Association: Expenses of 20 Childrens' Book Week Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone and 1,252 postal services Travelling-expenses .. .. .. 914 Sundries .. 12 Library School, Wellington 5,549 Rent of offices 991 Library Fellowship in the United States of America 184 72,110 '

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Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued

31

Country Library Service— continued Less recoveries— £ £ £ Subscriptions 2,973 Salaries 24 Books 543 Travelling-expenses 22 3,562 68,548 Vocational Guidance Salaries 21,868 Office expenses 332 Printing and stationery 297 Office furniture and fittings 292 Rent of offices 1,524 Payments to Post and Telegraph Department for telephone and 716 postal services Travelling and transfer expenses 1,955 Sundries 9 26,993 Less recoveries— Salaries 26 v *Services rendered to other Government Departments .. 10,875 Travelling-expenses 16 10,917 16,076 Miscellaneous Conferences of education authorities 677 Examination expenses 10,944 Grading of teachers, costs of appeal, inquiries, &c. .. 698 Projectors, gramophones, and radios for schools (recoverable) 2,321 Payment for damages to motor-vehicles other than departmental 78 vehicles Teachers' Superannuation Fund — Annual contribution under Act 43,000 Additional allowance to widows and children 15,866 Additional subsidy 98,000 Additional subsidy (loss of interest) 1,470 158,336 Visual education : Equipment for schools, &c. 6,082 Sundries 35 Grant to New Zealand Council for Educational Research 3,000 Grant to Waitangi Trust Board 100 Publicity 2,915 Expenses of delegates overseas 1,197 Exhibition of schoolwork 72 Grant to Federation of Play Centres 100 Grant to League of Hard-of-hearing 500 Grant towards maintenance of occupation centre : Abbotsford, 300 Dunedin. Grant for salaries and expenses, Nursery School, Taranaki Street, Wellington 760 188,115 Less recoveries— Examination fees, &c. 13,672 Projectors for schools 2,456 Sales of publications 134 Sundries .. .. .. „ .. 33 16,295 171 820 Net total, excluding new buildings, &c. 7,691,693

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Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued

SUMMARY Consolidated Fund— £ Vote, Education .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7,506,579 Vote, Internal Affairs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,470 Finance Act, 1942 (No. 2) (section 3) .. .. .. .. .. .. 98,000 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (primary-education reserves revenue) .. 100,000 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (secondary-education reserves revenue) 11,560 Public Revenues Act, 1926, section 133 (Fire Insurance Fund) .. .. .. 9,479 Public Works Account, vote, Education buildings .. .. .. .. .. 984,549 £8,711,637 Additional amounts are available from revenue from reserves vested in post-primary schools and University colleges as follows : £ Post-primary schools .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 42,935 University colleges .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16,931 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. .. £59,866

Approximate Cost of Paper.—Preparation, not given ; printing (908 copies), £92.

By Authority: E. V. Paul, (Government Printer, Wellington. —1947. Price ,9d.]

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Vote, Public Education: Works Consolidated Capital Expenditure Account. Fund. Sites, buildings, equipment, &c. — £ £ £ Public schools 524,362 17,377 Training colleges 16,939 Secondary schools 130,052 8,074 Technical schools 148,052 3,815 Native schools 18,664 2,578 Universities .. 146,419 Child welfare 6,770 Kindergartens 3,551 School for the Deaf . "277 Schools for the Feeble-minded . 740 992,275 35,395 Less recoveries (sale of sites, &c, and recoveries on account of expenditure of past years)— Public schools 5,936 Secondary schools 1,632 Child welfare .. ... 158 7,726 Net expenditure on new buildings, &c. 984,549 35,395 1 019 944 JL f \J J. €/ •, t7tfcTt Net total, including new buildings, &c. 8,711,637 * For years 1945-46 and 1946-4 7.