REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1940. [In continuation of E.-1, 1940.]

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1941 Session I, E-01

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1941. NEW ZEALAND.

REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1940. [In continuation of E.-1, 1940.]

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

CONTENTS.

Page. Report of Minister . . .. .. 2 Tables B 1 and B 2—Cost and Expenditure .. 7 Tables C 1 and C 2—Numbers of Schools .. 8 Table D—Enrolments according to Age .. 9 Table E I—Enrolments1 —Enrolments according to Standards or Forms . . .. .. . . 10 Tables E 2, E 3, E 4, E 5, and E 6—Age and Classification of Pupils .. .. 10 Tables H 1 and H 3—Numbers of Teachers . . 13 Tables K 1 and K 2—Size of Classes .. 14 Tables L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4, and L s—Classification of Teachers .. .. .. 15 Table M—Salaries of Teachers .. 16 Table N —Commencing Ages of Post-primary Pupils .. . . . . . . . . 16 Tables 01, O 2, 03, and O 4—Destination of Pupils . . . . .. .. . . 17

Page. Table P—Percentages of Pupils leaving for Further Education or Employment.. .. ..19 Tables Q 1, Q 2, and Q 3—Post-primary Pupils' Length of Course and Part-time Pupils .. .19 Table R —Number of Pupils in Native Schools, &c. 20 Table S—Registered Private Primary Schools .. 20 Table T—Registered Private Secondary Schools.. 20 Table U—Kindergarten Schools .. 21 Tables V 1, V 2, and V 3—Conveyance and Board of Pupils . . .. .. .. 21 Table —Manual Instruction .. .. 22 Table W —Training College Students .. 22 Tables Y 1 and Y 2—University Education .. 23 Tables Z 1 and Z 2 —Examinations .. 23 Table —-Child Welfare .. . . . . 24 Table—Teachers Superannuation Fund .. 24 Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, &c. .. 25

Office of the Department of Education, Your Excellency,— Wellington, 30th June, 1941. I have the honour, in accordance with the provisions of the Education Act, 1914, to submit to Your Excellency the following report upon the progress and condition of public education in New Zealand during the year ended the 31st December, 1940. I have, &c. His Excellency the Governor-General of the H. G. R. Mason. Dominion of New Zealand.

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REPORT.

Education and the war.

To some it may appear that the Government should for the duration of the war go slowly with its educational policy. The nation is at war : money, materials, and human energy must be thrown without stint into the task of saving for the world those simple moral and political principles which give our education its meaning. The Government might with some show of justification rest satisfied with the great progress made in education since 1935 under my predecessor, the Right Hon. P. Eraser, now Prime Minister, did it not feel, with all thinking people, a new sense of urgency in education arising from the world crisis. Above all, this is a war of ideas. The Axis Powers have a clear and definite and utterly brutal philosophy, and for years they have moulded their education systems into almost perfect instruments for instilling that philosophy into the minds of the young. The democracies have a harder task. It is simpler to teach hatred and prejudice and half-crazy pride of race than it is to create a love for freedom and tolerance and the quiet, decent virtues of the democratic way of life. But if the present sacrifices are not to be in vain we must press on more quickly than ever before with the kind of education that will make the children of New Zealand understand and love the ways of life for which their elders are fighting. So I make no apologies for reporting that during 1940 there was no slackening in the educational effort that has been a characteristic of the Government's policy, although the exigencies of the war situation have sometimes made it necessary to divert the effort into slightly different channels. The total expenditure (including that out of endowment revenue) for the year ended 31st March, 1941, was £5,401,123 which was £206,840 less than in the previous year. This reduction was due solely to a decrease in the amount spent on school buildings, expenditure on other educational services showing an increase. Because of shortages of labour and materials, the building programme did not proceed quite as quickly as in the previous year ; even so, the total expenditure on school buildings and the purchase of sites during the year was £580,470. Many fine new buildings such as Palmerston North Intermediate School, Marlborough College, Napier Girls' High School Hostel, Wellington Education Board offices, and portions of Nelson College were completed, and a large number of obsolete schools were remodelled and brought nearer to modern standards. Owing to the need for saving petrol and the difficulty of getting motor-buses, there has been a drop in the rate of consolidating small country schools on larger centres, new consolidations being restricted to a few districts where the only alternative would have been heavy building programmes. New conveyance services have, for the same reason, been started less readily than in previous years. Even with these restrictions, the total expenditure on conveyance (other than by rail) for school-children rose from £233,000 in 1939-40 to £260,000 in 1940-41. Part of this increase was due to increased .running-costs and part to the inclusion of children of private schools in the conveyance scheme. In spite of difficulties, the Government has held as closely as possible to its stated policy of giving the country child an education in no degree inferior to that enjoyed by the city child. If there has been some slight slackening of pressure in the fields of building and conveyance, there has been heavily increased activity in spheres even more closely connected with, the war. Large numbers of teachers have left the schools to enter the overseas or the Territorial services, and still more will leave in the coming year. Emergency regulations have been gazetted ensuring that the vacant positions shall be filled by the best teachers available and. that soldierteachers shall suffer in no way professionally by entering the armed Services. As yet there is no shortage of teachers, but there may well be by the end of 1941. A record number of students was selected for admission to the training colleges for 1941. After the war it is hoped there will be sufficient teachers trained to enable the school leaving age to be raised and a material reduction to be made in the size of classes.

Expenditure,

Buildings.

Consolidation and conveyance.

War appointments,

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Whatever the future may bring in the way of shortages of men and materials, there will always be plenty of scope for educational advances in the class-room itself. In my report for 1939 I argued the need for the Education Department to assume to a greater degree than ever before the function of professional leadership, which has from time to time in its history been lost in the press of administrative detail. In the past few years teachers, particularly those in the primary schools, have been given a measure of freedom in the exercise of their craft such as they have never before known.. Most of them have made excellent use of it, but if the best results are to be obtained it becomes increasingly obvious that the Department, besides giving freedom, must assume the more difficult task of helping and leading teachers to use that freedom to the full. It became clear early in the year that if the Department and its officers in the held, the Inspectors, are to give leadership on the professional side to the extent that teachers have a right to expect, certain administrative changes must be made. A conference of Senior Inspectors of Primary Schools was held to plan future policy ; as a result,, certain administrative reforms have been decided upon, their main purpose being to allow primary-school Inspectors time and freedom to give their help when and where it is most needed." The annual grading of primary-school teachers is to be. replaced by a system of biennial grading. Routine reports on schools will be made only every second year, and the confidential notes to teachers, which have steadily become more burdensome to the Inspectors and more useless to the teachers, will be given only in special cases. It has also been decided to abolish the rigid itineraries which bound every Inspector to move with almost clockwork regularity from school to school, spending almost the same limited period with every teacher no matter what his problems and his needs. In addition, changes are being made in the Head Office which will relieve professional officers, from the Director downwards, of much routine administrative detail and allow them to spend more time doing genuinely professional work with their colleagues in the field. These changes should give the Inspectors a new opportunity to make their work genuinely creative. They will collaborate more closely than was previously possible with the training colleges ; they will be free to organize refresher courses for teachers and special meetings for parents and committeemen ; they will, if need be, spend several days at a time in a weak school or in one with interesting new developments ; they will be expected to undertake special investigations and practical research within their areas : in short, they will be freed to , assume the position of professional leadership in the schools and, as far as education is concerned, in the community at large that the Government lias a right to expect of them. One result should be a stimulation of local initiative and the' progressive breaking of that uniformity which visitors from overseas have sometimes professed to see in our school system. In order to help both Inspectors and teachers there is being built up on the headquarters staff a corps of specialists in certain limited fields. The Advisers to Infant Rooms and the Supervisor of Special Classes have continued to do useful work ; the recently appointed Superintendent of Physical Education initiated a new policy during 1940 ; and a new Principal of the Sumner School for the Deaf was appointed, part of whose duty it is to advise on departmental policy in the wide field of hearing and speech defects. In 1941 a Supervisor of Teaching Aids will take up duty ; he will be responsible for the development of school broadcasting, films, film-strips, and teaching aids generally. It is hoped that in future years specialists in music and in arts and crafts will be added to the central staff . With the assistance of this corps of specialists the Inspectors, who are themselves sound general practitioners, will be able to give teachers positive assistance in all branches of school practice. During the coming year the Education Gazette will be altered in format and will, it is hoped, become the spearpoint of the new attack. A necessary corollary to the Government's general interest in the physical welfare of New-Zealanders is a deepened interest in school medical services and physical education. A special drive on physical education in the primary schools was begun during the year. The English Board of Education 1933 syllabus was introduced to teachers through refresher courses, films, lectures, and demonstrations.

Professional leadership.

Administrative changes.

The Inspectorate,

Departmental specialists.

Physical education,

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The physical education staffs in the training colleges were strengthened, and trained twenty third-year specialists in this work. In 1941 these will be placed as additional assistants in strategic positions and each will work up the new syllabus in a group of schools. Some area organizers will also be appointed. An encouraging feature of the year's work was the great number of teachers who attended physical education refresher courses in their own time and at their own expense. The teaching of swimming is progressing rapidly. A large number of miniature learners' pools have been constructed with help from the Government, and a departmental officer has directed the production of an excellent film on the technique of teaching swimming. In strong distinction to the dictatorships, a democratic State, with its respect for the individual, must provide special facilities for those children who suffer from handicaps, physical or mental. The crippled, the blind, the deaf, and the mentally retarded must be the object of special attention if they are to have any chance of becoming useful citizens, and the Government has given much thought to the educational problems they present. If circumstances permit, there will be marked advances in this field in the near future. There was during the year one very interesting development in special class practice. A house with a large section was purchased in a Christchurch suburb for the purpose of starting an occupation centre for the lower-grade children of eleven years and upwards. It is hoped that the children will be able to grow their own vegetables, assist in the preparation and serving of their own midday meal, perform a wide variety of the simpler household tasks, learn simple handicrafts, and generally become, if not independent, at least happy and occupied members of society. The experiment will be watched with interest because of its potential value in other places. In Auckland and Dunedin excellent work is being done in occupation centres, but it has not been possible to provide them yet with the same facilities as at Christchurch. There were 816 pupils (510 boys and 306 girls) attending special classes for backward children on Ist July, 1940. During the year the Government took the first step towards entering the field of Native post-primary education. A site lias been secured for a mixed Maori and pakeha technical school at Kaikohe. It will differ from all existing technical schools in that the curriculum will be more predominantly practical and will centre around the idea of the home in something the same way that the curriculum at the Feilding Technical School centres about the farm. The boys will be taught practical building, painting, paperhanging, some plumbing, and cabinetmaking, with the definite purpose of preparing them to enter one or other of the building trades. Under competent supervision they will build some of the minor school buildings, beginning with a model cottage for teaching housecraft to the girls. Special arrangements will have to be made to assist them into trades and to continue the supervision of their training there. The girls will learn cooking and simple dietetics, sewing, laundry-work, and general housewifery. It is hoped that it will be found possible to run a nursery school in connection with the institution to give the girls practical training in the care and management of infants and young children. For both boys and girls, there will be a continuation of what is more commonly called cultural education on non-academic lines. This school should provide the two things that the Maori in the Far North needs more than anything else— a chance to enter the skilled trades, and the concentration of interest upon conditions in the ordinary Native home. Very much the same needs exist on the East Coast, but the configuration of the country precludes the establishment of one central technical school. District high schools, unfortunately, because of limited staffing, are usually confined to courses too academic in nature to suit the average Maori adolescent. To meet these unusual conditions the Government has established three district high schools at Ruatoria, Tikitiki, and Te Araroa respectively, and proposes in 1941 to supplement their work with what will be in effect a miniature travelling technical school. A woodwork instructor with building experience and a practical domestic teacher will be provided with a small and well-equipped truck with which they will visit the three schools in turn, possibly spending a week at each. During that week the secondary pupils will drop their regular time-tables : the boys will work at.erecting school buildings (of which the Government will provide only the barest minimum in a completed

Handicapped children.

Native schools,

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form) with all the attendant activities of drawing, costing, ordering, and the like, and the girls will concentrate on housewifery. As much as possible of the theoretical work of the school will spring out of and centre around these practical activities. The Maoris of the East Coast have received the scheme with enthusiasm, and it is not at all improbable, if it is successful here, that it may be extended to other country districts, pakeha as well as Maori. Accrediting for entrance to the University is still the central topic of discussion in the secondary schools. The Senate has reaffirmed its intention to introduce a system of accrediting for schools on a selected list. The secondary schools are on the whole unfavourable to this, and would prefer the entrance qualification to be the School Certificate Examination followed by an extra year at school. Whatever be the outcome, it is certain that the post-primary schools must be freed from the cramping influence of the University Entrance Examination. One new technical school—Horowhenua College, at Levin—was opened during the year. The most interesting development in the technical schools was the inauguration, in conjunction with the Labour Department, of a scheme for training adult workers for industries, particularly for those most closely related to the war. Selected men are to be paid standard rates of pay while being trained intensively in technical schools for approximately three months in such trades as fitting, turning, and welding. This is important as a short-range war effort: its long-range effects on technical education and apprenticeship may be far-reaching. The first intermediate school was opened in 1922 :by the end of 1940 there were eight intermediate schools and eleven intermediate departments with 5,532 pupils on the roll, as against 4,339 for the previous year. It has been laid down quite definitely that the progressive establishment of intermediate schools is a part of the Government's educational policy, and that wherever practicable the independent type of school will be preferred to the department attached to either a primary or a post-primary school. It seems probable that, for the duration of the war at least, the establishment of new intermediate schools will be confined to those areas where new buildings of some sort, primary or intermediate, become essential. Even so, the demand is so great and the cost of a completely equipped intermediate school so high that during the war what might be termed skeleton intermediate schools will be put up, consisting of the ordinary class-rooms and offices, library, woodwork - room, and cookery - room. It is fully recognized that further facilities such as assembly hall, and rooms for sewing, metalwork, and crafts, are desirable for the full working of an intermediate school, and the proposed schools are being so planned as to allow of expansion when the building situation eases. Even in their incomplete form they will be far in advance of the primary schools they are replacing. A long-range school survey has been begun of all areas where intermediate schools might eventually be needed, in order to ensure that all building programmes undertaken are in conformity with the final plan. There were at the end of 1940 eight recognized Free Kindergarten Associations controlling 39 schools, with 1,810 pupils on the roll. The conditions under which Government grants can be earned were made a little more generous during the year, and the giving of further assistance, particularly for the training of staff is under consideration. There is a dearth of kindergarten trainees, due largely to the fact that they are not paid during the period of training, and it seems probable that, unless the work is to suffer, some practical encouragement may be necessary to make kindergarten training sufficiently attractive for the right kind of girl. A new experiment is being tried in Dunedin : the Department is to assist in establishing a kindergarten at the Karitane Hospital which is to serve the double purpose of training Plunket trainees in the management of the pre-school child, and the kindergarten trainees in the feeding and physical care of young children. This will tend to close the gap, of which authorities have always been conscious, between the work of the Plunket Society and that of the kindergartens. On Ist July, 1940, there were 1,749 primary pupils and 745 secondary pupils on the roll of the Correspondence School, a total of 2,494, as against 2,430 in the previous year.

1 Secondary sehools. I

1 i ? Technical , schools. y

i Intermediate , schools. 3

J. 3 Kindergartens. 1

5 Correspondence , School.

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The movement to put Child Welfare work on a more definitely professional basis and thereby increase its usefulness has been pressed steadily forward in spite of acute staffing problems arising from the war. Weraroa Boys' Training Farm is, I am pleased to say, a completely changed institution, and should soon be housed in the new buildings, which are almost completed. A receiving home at Napier which was closed during the depression has been reopened. Figures concerning the Child Welfare Branch, usually given in this report, will be found this year in E.-4. The Child Welfare Branch played a leading part in the scheme for settling in New Zealand homes children from the more dangerous areas in Great Britain. Before the scheme was temporarily suspended 202 children were successfully placed; the Child Welfare Branch, working in conjunction with local committees, was responsible for placing the children and for keeping in touch with them subsequently. Under the British Children Emergency Regulations 1940, all the children are wards of the Superintendent of Child Welfare. With remarkably few exceptions the children have settled quickly and happily into their new homes. During the year an officer of the Department was made full-time Research Officer, with the duty of investigating problems lying in the Department's immediate line of advance. The New Zealand Council for Educational Research has continued its valuable series of research studies. Two of particular interest to the Department were published during the year —John Nicol's " The Technical Schools of New Zealand," and H. C. McQueen's " Vocational Guidance in New Zealand." Mr. McQueen's study was undertaken at the invitation of my predecessor, and should prove a valuable basis for discussion when the time is opportune to review the organization of vocational guidance in this country. It has been decided to take over in 1941 the full financial responsibility for the four Museum Educational Officers who were appointed three years ago and financed partly by the Government and partly by the Carnegie Corporation of New York. The experiment has been so successful as to warrant its inclusion in the ordinary educational system, and I should like to express the Government's gratitude to the Carnegie Corporation for its assistance in stimulating this work and assisting with its support in the crucial early years. The Council of Adult Education has continued to distribute to the local organizations concerned the funds granted by the Government for the work of adult education. In my last report I mentioned the retirement of Mr. N. T. Lambourne, 1.5.0., M.A., from the position of Director of Education. His place was taken by Dr. C. E. Beeby, who was in turn replaced as Assistant Director by Mr. A. F. McMurtrie. Mr. Geo. Overton became Chief Inspector of Primary Schools, and Mr. D. G. Ball took his place as Senior Inspector of Schools in the Department. Although the list of those who have collaborated with the Government in its educational activities during the year is too long to enumerate, I wish to place on record my appreciation of the services given by all the men and women, paid and unpaid, teachers and members of controlling bodies, who worked on behalf of the children of New Zealand during 1940. Note. The tables that follow deal with most matters affecting the different branches of education, but for further details and information reference should be made to the following reports : —■ E.-2 : Primary and Post-primary Education. E.-3 : Education of Native Children. E.-4 : Child Welfare, State Care of Children, Special Schools, and Infant-life Protection. E.-7 : Higher Education. E.-8 : Teachers' Superannuation Fund.

Child welfare.

British children,

Research

Museum Officers.

Adult education,

Staff changes,

Acknowledgments.

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TABLES. Table B1. —Analysis of Expenditure on Education for the Year ended 31st March, 1941.

Table B2. —Capital Expenditure on New Buildings, Additions, Teachers' Residences, and Sites.

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(For more details see Appendix to this paper.) Total Expenditure Branch of Education. Expenditure ,, expressed as Expend lt ure per ?Net) * Percentage of Total Head of Population.! Expenditure. £ £ S. d. Departmental administration .. .. 46,933 0-87 0 0 7 Boards'administration .. .. .. 72,078 1-33 0 0 10 Cost of inspection — Primary .. .. .. .. 39,791 0-74 0 0 6 Native .. .. .. .. .. 3,418 0-06 J Post-primary .. .. .. .. 8,561 0-16 0 0 1 Primary education— Public schools .. .. .. .. 2,798,3351 ro.io i y c Departmental Correspondence School . . 16,948 J Native education — Native schools .. .. .. .. 157,562 \ , Scholarships and bursaries .. ... 10,236 J Post-primary education — Secondary, technical, and combined schools . . 762,753""! Secondary departments of district high schools 138,045 1 17.1 a nil a Correspondence School .. .. .. 20,665 f Scholarships and bursaries .. .. 7,197J Higher education .. .. .. .. 181,958 3-37 0 2 3 Training of teachers .. .. .. 189,821 3-52 0 2 4 Special schools .. .. .. .. 40,638 0'75 0 0 6 Child welfare .. .. 162,302 3-01 0 2 0 Superannuation .. .. .. .. 162,572 3 • 01 0 2 0 Miscellaneous .. .. .. .. 5,488 0-10 0 0 1 Country Library Service .. .. .. 9,788 0-18 0 0 1 Capital expenditure on school buildings .. 566,034 10-48 0 6 11 Total* .. .. .. .. 5,401,123 100'00 3 6 0 * This includes revenue from endowments administered by the various Boards, &c., as well as direct expenditure from public funds — £ From public funds as shown in appendix .. .. .. .. 5,355,393 Endowments— Post-primary schools .. .. .. .. , . 29,308 University colleges .. .. .. .. .. 16,422 £5,401,123 f Mean population for twelve months ended 31st March, 1941, was 1,635,715. j No significant amount. The cost per pupil of primary education based on average attendance was £16 0s. 7d. excluding buildings, and £18 Is. 4d. including buildings.

1935-36. 1936-37. 1937-38. 1938-39. 1939-40. 1940-41. £ £ £ £ ■ £ £ Public schools .. .. .. 87,908 162,894 331,558 467,255 583,918 381,547 Secondary schools .. .. 23,516 24,092 58,924 56,819 69,545 72,305 Technical schools .. .. .. 59,350 77,836 97,740 82,568 60,283 20,218 Training colleges .. .. .. 610 6,730 1,984 27,071 29,325 5,929 Native schools .. .. .. 8,399 12,172 34,180 39,632 77,666 70,773 University colleges .. .. .. 3,022 39,086 58,710 22,456 1,384 Massey Agricultural College .. .. 525 Child-welfare institutions .. .... 221 .. 351 .. 5,344 21,828 School for the Deaf .. .. .. .. 4,841 6,295 Schools for feeble-minded .. .. .. 2,473 312 840 12,683 2,287 Kindergartens .. .. .. .. .. 881 1,181 1,734 99 N.Z. Institute for Blind .. .. .. .. .. 1,000 Wellington Education Board office .. .. .. 5,350 15,816 4,100 building — Gross total .. .. 180,004 289,744 569,857 746,721 878,770 580,470 Less credits-in-aid .. 48,547 7,84-8 8,325 *66,598 8,662 14,436 131,457 281,896 561,532 .680,123 870,108 566,034 * Includes £51,000 sale of Education Boards's office building, Wellington. Note. —An additional £22,660 was expended in 1940-41 on the replacement of school buildings destroyed by fire; £19,956 of that amount was recovered from the Government Fire Insurance Fund.

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Table C1. —Number of Public Primary Schools.

Table C2.—Number of Schools other than Public Primary Schools.

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Total Average Attendance.! Number of Schools.* Grade of School and Primary Department.* Department § Totals. Eange of Roll. - — In each In each In each In each In each In each In each In each 8ubgrade. Grade. Subgrado.j Grade. Snbgrade. Grade. Subgrade. Grade I (1-8) .. .. .. 126 126 815 815 .. .. 815 815 II (9-24) .. .. 729 729 10,743 10,743 .. .. 10,743 10,743 IIlA (25-30) .. .. 152 \ -, 9 f 3,722 \ 2R / .. \ 3,722 \ 28 ? IITb (31-70) .. .. 570 / 722 { 24,309 / 28 ' 031 \ 46 / 40 \ 24,355 / - 8 ' 07 ' IVa (71-110) .. .. 185 j f 14,734 | f 183 | f 14,917 ) TVB (111-150) .. .. 80 V 319 J. 9,296 [>32,051 581 >-1 9,877 i 33,689 TVo (151-190) .. .. 54 J [ 8,021 J [ 874 J I 8,895 J Va (191 230) .. .. 33 1 - f 6,309 1 ' f 531 ] f 6,840 Ve (231-270) .. .. 34 I 12fi J l 30 5 q 0 J 465 L 2 103 J 8,142 I 32 7Q2 Vc 271-310) .. .. 30 ( 126 1 7,784 562 8,346 Vi> (311-350) .. .. 29 J ( 8,829 J [ 545 J [. 9,374 J VI (351-870) .. .. 163 163 73,695 73,695 1,768 1,768 75,463 75,463 Totals .. .. 2,185 2,185 175,934 175,934 5,555 5,555 181,489 181,489 * Three half-time and thirty-eight schools with side schools attached are counted as separate schools. t The average attendance shown under this heading is the average attendance for the year ended 31st August, 1940, computed and adjusted in accordance with the regulations governing the staffing of schools. The unadjusted total average attendance for the year ended 31st December, 1940, was: Primary departments, 174,885; secondary departments, 5,566. t The average attendance shown under this heading includes any pupils in Form III or in special classes. § This refers to secondary classes conducted mainly in rural areas in district high schools.

(All schools not marked as "private" are State controlled.) Number of Schools in December, Number of Schools in December, 1940. 1939. Type Of school. Type Boys' Girls' Mixed T . f „, Boys' Girls' Mixed T . . Schools. Schools. Schools. iolal - Schools. Schools. Schools. ' Chatham Islands .. .. Primary .. .. .. 4 4 .. . . 6 0 Intermediate schools and depart- Intermediate ..2 1 16 19 2 I 14 17 ments* Secondary departments of dis- Post-primary .. .. .. 96 06 .. .. 95 95 trict high schools Secondary .. .. .. Post-primary.. 11 12 16 39 11 12 16 39 Combined .. .. . . Post-primary 3 3 1 7 3 3 1 7 Technical .. .. .. Post-primary . . .. . . 21 21 . . .. 20 20 Native village . . .. Primary .. .. . . 146 146 .. .. 146 145 Native mission and boarding Primary .. .. . . 10 10 1 .. 10 II (private)f Native post-primary (private) Primary and 3} 5 .. 8 3} 5 .. 8 post-primary Lower departments of secondary Primary .. 3 3 .. 6 3 3 .. b schools (private) Private primary . . .. Primary .. 43 48 215 306 44 49 211 304 Endowed and registered private Post-primary .. 23 39 1 63 22 37 I 60 secondary schools Special§ .. . . .. Primary 1 1 2 4 1 1 2 4 ♦Eleven of these in 1940 were intermediate departments. t These are also included in the figures for Private Primary Schools. t Two of these are included in the numbers of Eegistered Private Secondary Schools. § Two of these are schools for the mentally backward, one a school for the blind, and one a school for the deaf. The New Zealand Institute for the Blind is privately controlled.

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Table D.—Numbers on the Roll at Recognized Educational Institutions (exclusive of University Colleges and Kindergarten Schools).

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Number Number Children. Adolescents. Adults. rn soui on the Roll on the Type of School. on t h e Roll on I . ; ~T~~ i I i I j Z I | I 1st July, 1st July, Under 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 j 21 Years 1939. 1940. 10 Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. and over. | | ! I | | | I I • Public primary schools .. 192,696 190, 997 106,851 | 22,839 22,055 20,462 13,330 4,583 799 71 7 Special classes for backward 700 816 175 j 109 145 140 141 68 20 6 12 children Native village schools (primary) 10,193 10,539 5,864 1,110 1,158 980 805 467 129 19 5 2 .. j Native mission and boarding 668 680 369 88 88 68 45 17 5 .. .. .. .. j schools (private primary)* Public primary schools, Chatham 150 138 69 16 i 15 13 12 i 11 2 .. .. .. .. Islands Secondary schools, lower depart- 195 188 40 29 28 42 31 9 8 1 ments Private primary schools* .. 27,025 26,924 13,939 3,343 3,220 3,216 2,083 820 225 58 17 2 1 Intermediate schools and depart- 4,660 5,710 .. 43' 827 2,216 1,795 688 132 9 .. .. .. ments Secondary departments of district 6,183 6,125 .. .. .. 78 1,233 1,976 1,607 817 312 95 2 4 1 high schools Secondary schools .. .. 15,974 15,698 7 281 3,012 4,650 4,127 2,326 968 282 38 6 1 Combined schools .. .. 3,126 3,126 .. .. 2 51 588 1,000 777 466 190 43 7 1 1 Technical high and day schools .. 10,282 10.188 .. .. 1 110 2,157 3,708 2,746 1,067 274 62 23 16 24 Technical schools and combined 17,629 16,151 .. .. 20 18 106 524 1,701 2,792 2,968 2,278 1,450 734 ' 3,560 sehools (part-time students at day and night classes) Native secondary schools* — Primary .. • - - • 76 11 5 8 11 j 15 12 10 2 2 .. .. .. j Post-primary .. .. 451 432 .. .. .. .. 32 86 128 97 54 29 4 2 j Endowed and registered private 5,815 5,947 .. .. 3 155 1,042 1,627 1,524 1,016 476 84 12 4 4 secondary schools* Correspondence school — Primary .. .. . • 1,735 1,749 929 160 163 148 137 81 53 31 12 8 11 6 10 Secondary . - • • 695 745 .. .. 1 19 153 224 178 94 42 24 7 .. 3 Training-colleges .. ■ • 1,588 1,457 .. . . .. .. .. . . .. .. 135 438 427 216 241 Schools for mentally backward, &c. 231 231 24 24 20 24 51 50 19 8 7 1 3 School for the deaf .. . . 103 101 34 ■ 9 8 14 15 9 5 7 New Zealand Institute for the Blind 35 37 11 J 3 8 1 5 2 1 5 1 Grand totals .. .. 300,218 298,055 128,316 27,778 27,777 28,047 26,788 20,612 14,196 8,892 5,482 3,348 1,982 992 3,845 Estimated population (inclusive of .. [1,636, 014 131,800| 28,000 27,900 28,200 28,600 28,900 I 28,900 28,900 29,000 29,400 29,300 27,500 25,300* Maoris) at 1st July, 1940 * Native mission schools are registered private primary schools,, and three Native secondary schools are registered private secondary schools, but in this table these schools are> considered, respectively, missions schools and Native post-primary schools. t Estimated population five years of age but under ten years of age. % Estimated population twenty-one years of age and under twenty -two years of age.

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Table E1.—Numbers of Full-time Pupils in the various Standards and Forms as at 1st July, 1940.

Table E2.—Age and Classification of Pupils attending Public Primary Schools as at 1st July, 1940.

10

Special Class * tally Back- Ciass Standard I. Standard II. Standard III. Standard IV. Form I. Form II. Form III. Form IV. Form V. Form VI I Totals. Type of School. ward. Boys. Girls. Boys Girls. , Boys. I Girls. Boys, j Girls. Boys. ! Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. ■ Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Public primary .. .. 510 30629,22825,34712,94611,70313,65412,52014,09613,63312,12011,447 9,489 9,319 7,753 7,5751 79 88 99 875 91 938 iNative — ' ' European 188 160 79 63 71 54 50 70 49 68 63 47 40 47 9 10 549 519 Maoris . . ;• 2,303 1,940 695 655 619 581 556 505 364 388 225 255 149 192 18 26 i o« 4540 Public primary—Chatham .... 26 23 11 9 11 8 6 8 11 8 2 3 2 4 •> 4 71 ' fi7 Islands [ ~ Private primary and lower de- .. .. 3,317 3,361 1,630 1,714 1,765 1,816 1,855 1,915 1,802 1,871 1,647 1,853 1,398 1,5061 83 335 13 497 14 371 partments of secondary Intermediate •• •• j 1,547 1,412 1,441 1,174| 51 85 3,039 2,671 trict Wgh schooS 1,2601,349 7801,039 680 835 49 133 2,769 3,356 2,5382,6222,3162,3562,5632,138 572 593 7,989 7,709 TWhnipfll " 609 497 533 408 494 398 90 97 1,726 1,400 Endowed and registered uri vate 2,7472,0241,8151,527 998 894 85 98 5,645 4,543 Secondary " " 9201,103 917 973 875 918 234 198 2,946 3,192 Correspondence — Primary .. .. 48 56 281 273 86 135 69 103 73 127 73 116 72 93 50 59 *25 *10 777 < )7 -> Secondary .. .. .. „ „ „ „ „ .. „ „ ]7 4 292 38 142 ' 2 1 68 "l " 9 2U 511 Totals "' ' • 5o8 362 35,343 31,10415,447 14,279 16,18915,082 16,636 16,25814,41913,898 13,045 12,98240,833 10,557 8,515 8,445 6,399 6,445 5,631 5,251 1,031 1,128144,046135,791 •Adult section.

Special Classes for n , M a . , , T , _ TT Backward Children. Class P. Standard I. Standard II. Standard III. j Standard IV. Form 1. Form II. Form III. Totals Age. * Boy8 - GMs " Boys ' GMs - Boy*- GWs - B°y 8 - GMu- Boys. ] Girls. Boys, j Girls. Boys. ! Girls. Boys. ' Girls. Boys. ! Girls. Boys. Girls. 5 and under 6 .. 10 7 9,612 8,787 ......... Q R0 9 a naA 6 „ 7 .. 7 7 10,517 9,992 279 415 2 3 .. !! in'Ii7 7 8 .. 14 7 6,373 4,862 4,449 4,985 328 488 1 6 " " 11'ififl ln'tls 8 9 •• 24 16 1,958 1,205 5,034 4,201 4,230 4,808 284 441 .. 3 " " in'fi74 9 " 10 •• 50 33 516 332 2,150 j 1,480 5,397 4,734 3,844 4,513 242 374 "5 "l 1.2204 11467 n " ,, •• n! 15 J 103 7701 421 2 > 533 1 ' 776 5 > 609 5 ,658 3,045 132 215 "2 "6 !!! n 681 11 267 Ji " J 2 4 ? 55 41 17o 120 815 498 2,855 2,098 5,215 5,163 1,974 2,625 157 263 1 .. 11343 lo'857 Jo " ,? '• S -% ft a S I 270 148 08 668 2 ' 850 2 > 033 4 > 291 2,063 2,609 3 4 10,710 9'892 !4 " 5 " ?? ff '' f 271 1 ' 02 55 355 200 1,111 688 2,204 1,694 3,501 3,333 28 40 7.385 6,086 4 " • *1 17 ® i 6 8 W 10 60 45 240 123 762 410 1,636 1,192 36 29 2,816 1,835 " J* *" l l I 1 3 3 2 15 3 41 18 112 62 361 156 8 14 555 264 17 :: ' IB « I :: :: :: .. 1 .. 1 ;; .. 1 I - 9 ? 29 16 3 1 47 3 o Totals .. 510 306 29,228 25,347 12,946 11,703 13,654 12,520 14,096 13,633 12,120 11,447 9,319 7,753 7,575 79 88~ 99,875 91,938 Median age, in years 11 11 11 10 6 6 6 5 8 4 8 1 9 5 9 2 10 6 10 4 11 8 11 5 12 7 12 5 13 6 13~3~ 14 3 14 and months ' . ~ u : * : —- — - . ' • - * - • j • - , - | ,'

E.—l.

Table E3.—Age and Classification of Pupils attending Public Post-primary Schools as at 1st July, 1940.

11

Form III. Form IV. Form V. Form VI. Totals. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Under 11 years 11 and under 12 .. .. 5 5 .. .. .. .. .. .. 5 5 12 13 .. .. 245 269 4 2 249 271 13 „ 14 .. .. 2,917 3,125 426 496 16 9 1 3,360 3,630 14 15 .. .. 2,842 2,420 2,559 2,739 368 391 12 3 5,781 5,553 15 16 .. .. 1,010 584 1,963 1,712 1,919 1,898 88 83 4,980 4,277 16 17 .. .. 123 77 439 348 1,668 1,409 290 322 2,520 2,156 17 18 .. .. 10 7 47 24 601 442 275 338 933 811 18 „ 19 .. . . I 2 5 8 139 97 102 128 247 235 19 „ 20 .. .... 1 1 17 10 20 21 37 33 20 „ 21 .. .... 1 .. 4 3 4 15 8 19 21 and over .. .. .. 1 1 1 3 6 4 11 9 18 Totals .. .. 7,154 6,492 5,444 5,330 4,735 4,265 796 921 18,129 17,008 Median age, in years and months 14 2 13 11 14 11 14 9 16 0 15 II 17 0 17 2

E.—l.

Table E4. -Age and Classification of Pupils attending Registered Private Primary Schools and Lower Departments of Secondary Schools as at 1st July, 1940.

12

Class P. Standard I. Standard II. Standard III. Standard IV. Form I. Form II. Form III. j Totals. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls, j Boys, j Girls. Boys. | Girls, i Boys, j Girls. 5 years and under 6 .. 1,202 1.190 2 5.. 1 904 1 195 6 » 7 .. 1,209 1,305 84 110 8 5 .. 1'sm 1'420 7 » 8 657 664 592 782 96 131 .3 9 " " " " ,040 , V, 8B 8 » 9 ..165 140 599 590 607 732 78 105 8 4 ...... ® » 10 54 44 254 170 666 606 576 728 74 95 4 5 "l " l'628 l'649 „ " J* •• 15 13 67 45 269 242 705 694 541 671 60 126 5 12 " L662 l'803 » •• 8 4 21 10 88 77 332 265 694 669 425 582 66 100 2 1 1J08 jo " !' 3 •' f 'O 2 22 19 122 90 334 327 646 731 456 550 15 10 1,608 1J29 u " •' 3 " 1 5 3 23 18 122 83 367 325 538 572 31 83 1,090 1,084 •' 1 1 • 3 1 13 5 25 14 120 69 248 220 26 112 436 422 1fi " 1 3 1 4 6 21 11 76 44 | 7 74 | 112 136 17 " ,V, 1 3 2 6 4 2 43 11 50 II ;; £ :: :: 1 2 ? 3 » j 17 19 „ 20 , '• j .. 1 | 1 1 20 „ 21 ; ;; ;; ;; ;; " • ■ • ■ 1 Totals " •' 3 ' 317 3 ' 361 1 ' 630 1 ' 714 i' 765 1 >816 j 1,855 1,915 1,802 1,871 1,647 1,853 1,398 1,506 83 335 13,497 14,371 Median age, in years and months 6 5 6 5 ! 8 3 7 11 9 3 9 1 10 5 10 2 11 5 11 3 12 6 12 4 I3 4 13 2 ~13 10 14 8 Note.— For the age and classification of pupils attending Native schools see Table H 7 in E-3, Education of Native Children.

E.—l.

Table E5.— Age and Classification of Pupils attending Registered Private Secondary and Endowed Schools as at 1st July, 1940.

Table E6.—Age and Classification of Pupils attending Intermediate Schools and Departments as at 1st July, 1940.

Table H1.-Number of Teachers employed in Primary Departments of Public Schools, December, 1940.

13

Form III. Form IV. Form V. Form VI. Totals. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. 1 Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 11 years and under 12 .. .. 3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 12' „ 13 .. 58 87 6 4 64 91 13 „ 14 .. 351 494 91 116 3 2 .. 445 612 14 „ 15 .. 352 378 384 400 65 80 1 2 802 860 15 „ 16 .. 119 121 317 335 296 358 25 14 757 828 16 „ 17 .. 29 20 89 95 315 348 91 67 524 530 17 „ 18 .. 7 22 21 156 116 82 97 267 234 18 „ 19 4 2 34 12 30 15 68 29 19 „ 20 .. 2 2 4 2 2 3 10 5 20 „ 21 1 1 2 1 5 21 and over .. . . I .. I .. .. 2 4 Totals .. .. 920 1,103 917 973 875 918 234 198 2,946 3,192 Median age, in years and 14 2 13 11 14 11 14 11 16 3 16 1 17 0 17 2 months

Form I. Form II. Form III. Totals. . . Boys. | Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. \ Girls. Boys. Girls, I I ! | Under 10 years .... 10 and under 11 . . j 23 18 2 . . . . . . 25 18 11 „ 12 .. 1 370 419 16 22 .. .. 386 441 12 „ 13 . . 760 690 378 387 .. I 1,138 1,078 13 „ 14 . . 295 241 672 536 15 36 982 813 14 „ 15 . . 84 43 294 201 24 42 402 286 15 „ 16 .. 15 1 73 27 10 6 98 34 16 „ 17 .... .. 6 1 2 8 1 Totals .. 1,547 1,412 1,441 1,174 51 85 3,039 2,671 Median age, in years and 12 6 12 5 13 6 13 4 14 5 14 2 months

Sole Teachers. Head Teaehers. teachers! Total Teachers. Grade of School.* , ; — M. F. M. F. M. | F. M. F. M. | F. Total. Grade I (1-8) . . 43 73 43 73 116 Grade II (9-24) .. 495 220 2 2 1 3 .. 498 225 723 Grade III (25-70) .. 106 70 396 130 L3 530. 3 1 518 731 1,249 Grade IV (71-190) 294 13 58 587 61 77 413 677 1,090 Grade Y (191-350) 116 2 171 426 45 103 332 531 863 Grade VI (over 350) 172 .. 537 1,241 118 257 827 1,498 2,325 Totals .. 644 363 980 147 780 2,787 227 438 2,631 3,735 6,366 * The grade of school given above is the grade in which the school is placed when all attached side schools are included, while part-time schools taught by the same teacher are counted as one school.

E.—l.

Table H3.-Number of Full-time Teachers, etc., employed in all State Schools, December, 1940, and December, 1939.

Table K1.—Average Number of Children per Class-teacher in Public Primary Schools.

N.B.—The average attendance shown for each grade of school in the above table does not correspond with that shown in Table C 1, owing to the fact that in Table 0 1 part-time and side schools are taken separately, thus altering the grades of various schools for the purpose of that table.

14

December, 1940. December, 1939. Principals Principals and Sole Assistant Total and Sole Assistant Total Type of Sohool. and Head Teachers. Teachers. and Head Teachers. Teachers. Teachers. Teachers. | - _ , . M. i F. M. I F. M. j F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Teachers— Public (primary) .. 1,624 5101,007 3,225 2,6313,7351,625 5391,0203,1482,645 3,687 Intermediate* .. .. 8 .. 79 78 87 78 6 .. 69 65 75 65 Secondary departments of |3 •• 158 117 161 117 f3 .. 163 110 166 110 district high schools Secondary .. .. 27 12 335 284 362 296 27 12 326 293 353 305 Combined .. .. 5 3 76 50 81 53 5 3 75 52 80 55 Technical .. .. 21 .. 286 164 307 164 20 .. 273 158 293 158 Native (primary) .. 125 21 40 155 165 176 119 26 33 146 152 172 Chatham Islands .. 4.. .. 2 4 2 6.. .. 2 6 2 Correspondence— Primary .. .. 1 .. 5 40 6 40 1 .. 6 37 7 37 Secondary . . 19 25 19 25 . . . . 21 17 21 17 Special .. .. 1 3 7 15 8 18 1 3 7 13 8 16 Totals .. .. 1,819 5492,0124,1553,8314,7041,813 5831,9934,0413,8064,624 Others— Manual instructors 113 81 113 81 .. 113 78 113 78 Student teachers in technical 9 9 .. 2 12 2 12 schools Junior assistant teachers in .. .. 2 114 2 114 .. .. 3 112 3 112 Native schools * Where the intermediate department is attached to a secondary, technical, or district high school only the teachers of Forms I and II are included here. t These are the head teachers of the District High Schools which have an intermediate department but no primary department. Note.—The information previously included in Table J may be obtained from parliamentary paper E-2, Tables A 1, A 2, A 10, and B 1.

Total Number of Teachers. . Average Attendance . „ , n J X O 1. 1 for Year Average Number Grade of School. e n de d31st of Children per AH T He f d Class- A %» st ' 1940 CT ' ass i I (1-8) .. .. .. 116 .. 116 751 6 II (9-24) .. .. 723 .. 723 10,575 15 111(25-70) .. .. 1,249 .. 1,249 27,291 22 IV (71-190) .. .. 1,090 .. 1,090 30,785 28 V (191-350) .. 863 26 837 28,338 34 VI (over 350) .. .. 2,325 155 2,170 78,194 36 Totals .. .. 6,366 181 6,185 175,934 28

• K.—l.

Table k2.—Size of Classes in Public Primary Schools of Grade IV and over.

Table L1.—Status in regard to Certificates of Teachers in Primary Schools and Forms I and II of Intermediate Schools and Departments as in December.

Table L2.-Certificates held by Teachers in Primary Schools and Intermediate Schools and Departments, by Assistant Teachers in the Secondary Departments of District High Schools and by Teachers in Native Primary Schools.

Table L3.—Grading of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Secondary Schools as in December and prior to the Issue of the Annual Grading List.

15

I I I ~~ ' " February, 1935. February, ]940.* February, 1941.* Number of Children. Number of p „ I Number of p „ Number of ,, . Classes. iertent. , Classes PerCent. Classes PerCent. HHIMM HH : 'iH ~~ I Under 31 .. .. 616 20-6 870 24-5 743 21-9 31-40 .. 1,011 33-8 1,197 33-6 1,077 31-7 41-50 .. .. .. 1,007 33-7 1,150 32-3 1,171 34-5 51-60 .. .. .. 349 11-6 342 9-6 403 11-9 61 and over .. .. 9 0-3 Totals .. .. 2,992 100-0 3,559 100-0 3,394 100-0 * The Teachers' Salaries Regulations 1938 provided new grades for public schools. Since this year schools of Grade rVB (roll minimum of 111) have been included. A. Grade IV school under the previous regulations had a minimum average attendance of 121. Hence a few more schools with lower rolls have been included since 1938.

1938. 1939.* 1940. .! Number ' | centre. mbOT - I centre. Nnn.br. ! I. Certificated teachers .. .. 5,698 87-38 5,683 89-75 5,750 87-3] II. Uncertificated teachers .. 823 12-62 649 10-25 836 12-69 Totals .. .. .. 6,521 100-00 6,332 100-00 6,586 100-00 * In 1939, 138 certificated and 41 uncertificated teachers in Forms I and II intermediate schools and departments were omitted.

Primary Schools and Inter- g econ( j a ry Departments of Native Primary Schools mediate Schools and District High Schools. (excluding Probationary Class of Certificate. -Departments. and j unior Assistants). M - F- Total. M. F. Total. M. P. Total. A .. .. 76 7 83 13 7 20 1 1 B •• •• 922 479 1,401 127 94 221 35 12 47 C .. .. .. 1,294 2,281 3,575 17 15 32 99 100 199 ® • • • • • • 169 526 695 • 18 32 50 E .. .. I .. 1 Totals .. 2,462 3,293 5,755 157 116 273 153 144 297

1940. 1939. Grade of Teaoher. ■ M. P. j Total. M. F; Total. A .. .. .. 116 62 178 102 56 158 B • • • • • ■ 93 76 169 89 67 156 C .. . ■ .. 83 66 149 81 75 156 D •• •• •• 43 80 123 54 95 149 Totals .. 335 284 619 326 293 619

E.—l

Table L4. —Classification of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Technical High Schools and in Combined Schools as in December, 1940, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List.

Table L5.—Classification of Full-time Teachers of Manual-training Classes as in December, 1940, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List.

Of the 194 teachers in the above table, 25 are agricultural instructors, 80 are woodwork instructors, 5 are metalwork instructors, 76 are instructors in domestic subjects, 5 are art instructors, and 3 are commercial instructors. In 1940, 16 of the men and 15 of the women were attached to certain intermediate schools or departments under the control of Education Boards. These are included also among the staffs of those intermediate schools or departments.

Table M. —Average Salaries (inclusive of all Allowances and Value of Residences) as at 1st December, 1940.

Table N. —Ages at which Pupils begin Post-primary Course.

16

Class VII. I VI. | V. | IV. I III. II. ! ! Totals. Technical High Schools. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Division I .. .. 0 8 43 9 50 16 53 17 31 17 17 17 18 13 212 97 Division II .. .. 3 20 21 12 20 8 11 8 10 12 7 5 2 2 74 67 Totals . . 3 28 64 21 70 24 64- 25 41 29 24 22 20 15 286 164 Combined Schools. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Division I .. . . 0 7 15 3 14 6 15 7 5 6 9 4 4 6 62 39 Division II .. ..1 1 4 4 412 4 2 0 11 .. 14 11 Totals .. 1 8 19 7 18 7 17 11 7 6 10 5 4 6 76 50 I

° iass I vn -1 i v - | iv -1 m - r n -1 iow%. [ • ■ r : M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Division I .. .. 0 0 3 I 8 5 5 7 1 7 4 10 2 15 23 45 Division II .. .. 9 8 25 7 16 4 15 6 12 4 12 2 1 5 90 36 Totals .. 9 8 28 8 24 9 20 13 13 11 16 12 3 20 113 81

t .H >g .3 X I -ggSppo | o •§ a g rp fOUl S S o m m 'P • 5 Type of School. •£ £ >> M -g S S -3^1 a §-g & g S.£P a 3 | i»JI §S ■§ |« n § SM § I 1 1«2 cc $ O H £ £ £ £ £ £ £££ Male .. .. .. 399 425 433 470 473 465 381 386 Female .. . . .. 274 320 334 309 310 283 283 256 All teachers .. .. 326 376 392 396 409 402 322 332

Age at which Post-primary Course begun. Total Numbers beginning Type of School. U " f^ r ra 12 12 Years. 13 Years. 14 Years. 15 Years x ears. and over. Boys. Girls. Boys. ' Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys, j Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Secondary.. .. 12 11 327 440 1,314 1,518 723 569 199 105 2,575 2,643 Combined.. .. 5' 4 87 80 303 272 197 130 47 22 639 508 Technical .. .. 4 4 196 217 1,169 959 1,107 642 416 188 2,892 2,010 District High .. 1 8 169 222 665. 731 384 356 130 82 1,349 1,399 Correspondence .. 1 1 14 33 66 104 49 63 23 38 153 239 Totals.. .. 23 28 793 992 3,517 3,584 2,460 1,760 815 435 7,608 6,799

E.—l.

Table O1. —Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Public Primary Schools during or at End of Year 1940.

Table O2.—Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Intermediate Schools and Departments during or at End of Year 1940.

3—E. 1.

17

Table 0 1. —Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Public Primary Schools during or at End op Year 1940. Totals. With Primary Without Primary School Certificate. School Certificate. Destination. Boys. Girls. Boys. | Girls. Boys. Girls. Number. P f r " Number. P ? r " centage. centage. Post-primary .. .. .. 5,648 5,637 158 90 5,806 60-9 5,727 65-7 Clerical (including typing) — (a) Government and local body 46 8 .. 1 46 0-5 90-1 (.h) Banks, insurance, legal, com- 17 16 4 2 21 0-2 18 0-2 mercial houses, shops, and warehouses Shop and warehouse assistants .. 239 157 133 72 372 3-9 229 2-6 Manual trades— (a) Government and local body 12 1 3 15 0-1 1 * (b) Building .. .. 55 .. 13 .. 68 0-7 (c) Motor engineering.. .. 52 .. 16 .. 68 0-7 (d) General engineering .. 59 .. 8 1 67 0-7 1 * (e) Printing .. .. .. 14 3 12 2 26 0-3 5 0-1 (/) Other trades .. .. 183 64 101 11 284 3-0 75 0-9 Farming .. 854 64 783 58 1,637 17-2 122 1-4 Factory operatives .. .. 167 210 175 179 342 3-6 389 4-5 Other occupations .. .. 165 181 211 123 376 4-0 304 3-5 At home .. .. .. 121 1,006 139 720 260 2-7 1,726 19-8 Not known .. .. .. 72 50 72 55 144 1-5 105 1-2 Totals .. .. 7,704 7,397 1,828 1,314 9,532 100-0 8,711 100-0 * Insignificant percentage. Table O 2. —Probable Destination op Pupils leaving Intermediate Schools and Departments during or at End op Year 1940. Boys. Girls. Occupation. j j First Second Third r j. a ] Per- First Second Third , . Per- | Year. Year. Year. c ' centage. Year. Year. Year. iotal - oe ntage. Post-primary .. .. 7 1,080 5 1,092 71-0 5 809 20 834 66-9 Clerical, including typing— (a) Government or local-body .. 3 2 5 0-3 service (b) Banks, insurance, legal, .. 3 4 7 0-5.. 3 13 16 1-3 commercial houses, shops, and warehouses Shop and warehouse assistants 8 79 28 115 7-5 1 40 19 60 4-8 Manual trades— (a) Government or 1 o c a 1- .. 1 . . 1 0-1 body service (b) Building .. .. .. 20 2 22 1-4 (c) Motor engineering .. 6 20 4 30 2-0 (d) General engineering .. 1 14 3 18 1-2 (e) Printing .. .... I 2 3 0-2 .. .. 1 1 0-1 (/) Other trades .. 5 28 10 43 2-8 1 21 10 32 2-6 Farming .. .. .. 13 48 4 65 4-2 1 .. 1 -0-1 Factory operatives .. 9 41 3 53 3-4 2 77 9 88 7-0 Other occupations.. .. 4 22 4 30 2-0 13 39 9 61 4-9 Home .. .. .. 3 9 7 19 1-2 9 105 22 136 10-9 Notknown .. .. 5 26 3 34 2-2 5 12 1 18 1-4 Totals .. .. 61 1,395 81 1,537 100-0 37 1,106 104 1,247 100-0 ; 3—E. 1.

Table 0 1.—Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Public Primary Schools during or at End op Year 1940. Totals. With Primary Without Primary School Certificate. School Certificate. Destination. Boys. Girls. Boys. | Girls. Boys. Girls. Number. P f r " Number. P ? r " centage. centage. Post-primary .. .. .. 5,648 5,637 158 90 5,806 60-9 5,727 65-7 Clerical (including typing) — (a) Government and local body 46 8 .. 1 46 0-5 90-1 (.h) Banks, insurance, legal, com- 17 16 4 2 21 0-2 18 0-2 mercial houses, shops, and warehouses Shop and warehouse assistants .. 239 157 133 72 372 3-9 229 2-6 Manual trades— (a) Government and local body 12 1 3 15 0-1 1 * (b) Building .. .. 55 .. 13 .. 68 0-7 (c) Motor engineering.. .. 52 .. 16 .. 68 0-7 (d) General engineering .. 59 .. 8 1 67 0-7 1 * (e) Printing .. .. .. 14 3 12 2 26 0-3 5 0-1 (/) Other trades .. .. 183 64 101 11 284 3-0 75 0-9 Farming .. 854 64 783 58 1,637 17-2 122 1-4 Factory operatives .. .. 167 210 175 179 342 3-6 389 4-5 Other occupations .. .. 165 181 211 123 376 4-0 304 3-5 At home .. .. .. 121 1,006 139 720 260 2-7 1,726 19-8 Not known .. .. .. 72 50 72 55 144 1-5 105 1-2 Totals .. .. 7,704 7,397 1,828 1,314 9,532 100-0 8,711 100-0 * Insignificant percentage. Table O 2.—Probable Destination op Pupils leaving Intermediate Schools and Departments during or at End op Year 1940. Boys. Girls. Occupation. j j First Second Third r j. a ] Per- First Second Third , . Per- | Year. Year. Year. c ' centage. Year. Year. Year. iotal - oe ntage. Post-primary .. .. 7 1,080 5 1,092 71-0 5 809 20 834 66-9 Clerical, including typing— (a) Government or local-body .. 3 2 5 0-3 service (b) Banks, insurance, legal, .. 3 4 7 0-5.. 3 13 16 1-3 commercial houses, shops, and warehouses Shop and warehouse assistants 8 79 28 115 7-5 1 40 19 60 4-8 Manual trades— (a) Government or 1 o c a 1- .. 1 . . 1 0-1 body service (b) Building .. .. .. 20 2 22 1-4 (c) Motor engineering .. 6 20 4 30 2-0 (d) General engineering .. 1 14 3 18 1-2 (e) Printing .. .... I 2 3 0-2 .. .. 1 1 0-1 (/) Other trades .. 5 28 10 43 2-8 1 21 10 32 2-6 Farming .. .. .. 13 48 4 65 4-2 1 .. 1 -0-1 Factory operatives .. 9 41 3 53 3-4 2 77 9 88 7-0 Other occupations.. .. 4 22 4 30 2-0 13 39 9 61 4-9 Home .. .. .. 3 9 7 19 1-2 9 105 22 136 10-9 Notknown .. .. 5 26 3 34 2-2 5 12 1 18 1-4 Totals .. .. 61 1,395 81 1,537 100-0 37 1,106 104 1,247 100-0 ; 3—E. 1.

E.—i

Table O3.—Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Post-primary Schools during or at the End of the Year 1940.

18

_ Technical High and Secondary Departments of Total® Secondary Schools. ; Combmed Schools. j) av Schools. District. High Schools. Occupation. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. i Num- Per Sum- I Per , Sum- ! Per | Eum- | Per Num- ! Per Sum- ! Per | Num- | Per | Nam- Per Nam- | Per Num- | Per ■ ber. Cent. ber. j Cent. I ber. j Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber, Cent. ber. Cent. * — i— i * n i n " - i i T Universitv college I 193 7-0 100 3-6 j 28 4-7 8 1-6 16 0-5 8 0-4 : 9 0-7 10 I 0-7 246 j 3-2 126 1-8 training college !. 88 3-2 213 7-6 10 H 41 8-4 13 0-4 36 1-6 30 2-4 91 6-8 141 1-8 381^5-6 Professional engineering, survey- 29 1-0 2 0-1 5 0-8 .. .. 9 03 1 01 5 j 0 4 ing, architecture C1 365 , 13-2 141 5-1 83 13-9 30 ! 6-1 204 6-8 98 4-4 175 j 13-8 64 4-8 827 10-8 333 4-9 (6) Banks, insurance, legal, 1 626 ; 22-7 696 25-0 102 1 17-0 121 24-6 229 7-6 651 29-3 69 5-5 189 14-1 1,026 ,3-4 1,657 commercial houses, j Shop and^warehoMe^ assistant s 1 359 1 13-0 329 11-8 55 ! 9-2 40 8-1 441 14-7 j 297 13-4 186 14-7 j 184 13-7 1,041 j 13-6 850 12-4 Manual trades — j i ! j „ „ j \ , ,, . ,, i / \ i 111 jj i ha o.7 I o• ft 9* 3*0 .. i .. 2*? i 2*3 4: ±99 2*o 0 ± S S™ y . It i s :: :: I S-tj :: :: m u m .. .. *»• 2 . 2 .. . (c) Motor engineering ..! 8! 2-9 .. .. j 31 5-2 .. .. 117 3-9 .. | .. 41 3-2 I .. .. 270 3-5 .. (J) General engineering 40 1-4 .. 17 2-8 .. .. 342 11-4 .. .. 11 0-9 .. .. 410 5-4 <e Printing ' 13 0-5 .. .. 4 0-7.. .. 47 1-6 9: 0-4 4 0-3 | .. .. 68 0-9 9 0-1 1) Other trades " " 150 1 5-4 36 1-3 j 38 6-3 6 1-2 245 8-2 121 5-4' 69 5-5: 13! 1-0 502 6-6 176 2-6 " 406 14-7 19 0-7 124 20-7 1 0-2 429 14-3 2 0-1 473 | 37-3 16 j 1-2 1,432 18-8 38 0-6 Factor^ operatives " 27 1-0 50 1-8 12 2-0 3 0-6 132 4-4 115 I 5-2 ; 41 I 3-2 19 1-4 212 2-8 187 2-7 Othex occupations " !! 95 3-4 325 11-7 39 6-5 ! 38 7-7 314 | 10-4 258 iI-6 37 2-9 95 i 7-1 485 6-4 716 10-5 n 5Q 1-g 751 27-0 4 0-7 176 35-8 70 2-3 538 24-2 , 36 2-8 j 618 46-1 160 2-1 2,083 30-5 Not known !" 132 4-8 119 4-3 39 6-5 j 28 5-7 193 6-4 87 3-9 38 3-0 I 38 1 2-8 402 5-3 272 j 4-0 Xotals . .. 2,763 100-0 2,781 100-0 599~ 100-0 | 492 100-0 i3,006 100-0 2,221 100-0 ; 1,267 100-0 1,341 7,635 jlOO-O 6,835 100-0 i I I ! I | j | [ ' ' * Insignificant percentage. Note. This year in Tables 01, 0 2, and O 3 the same occupations have, as far as possible, been listed.

E.—l.

Table O4.—Percentages of Boys leaving Post-primary Schools in 1937-40 who proceeded to the University or to Employment in the Three Main Occupational Groups.

Table P.— Percentages of Pupils leaving Primary, Intermediate, and Post-primary Schools in 1937-40 who are known to have proceeded to Further Full-time Education of a Higher Grade or to some Definite Occupation (Home excluded).

Table Q1. —Numbers of Post-primary Pupils.

Table Q2. —Length of Post-primary Course in each Type of School.

4—E. 1.

19

University. Shop? and Rehouse. Farming. Trades and Industries. Class of School. 1937. 1988.1939. 1940. 1937.|l938.jl939.1940. 1937.1938. 1939. 1940. 1937. 1938. 1939.jl940. ' i i Secondary .. .. .. 5 7 6 7 59 55 55 53 14 | 13 15 15 12 15 14 15 Combined .. .. .. 4 4 4 5 51 48 50 42 16 21 22 21 12 10 14 18 Technical .. ... .. 1 1 1 1 44 40 41 30 14 | 15 15 14 29 31 31 36 District high .. .. .. 1 1 1 1 43 38 40 37 31 : 33 35 37 16 17 12 16 All schools .. .. .. 3 4 3 3 51 47 47 40 16 17 19 19 19 21 20 24

Boys. Girls. Class of School. 1937. 1938. | 1939. | 1940. 1937. 1938. j 1939. 1940. Primary .. 94 94 94 96 76 78 78 79 Intermediate .. 94 97 98 97 84 88 88 88 Secondary .. 91 92 92 93 69 67 70 69 Combined .. 88 87 94 93 55 62 55 59 Technical .. 92 92 91 91 71 68 66 72 District High .. .. 92 92 92 94 45 45 48 51 All post-primary schools 91 91 92 93 65 63 64 66

Type of School. .1938. 1939. 1940. Secondary .. .. .. .. •• 15,649 15,974 15,698 Combined 3,003 3,126 3,126 Technical .. .. 9,965 10,282 10,188 Secondary departments of district high schools 1 .. .. 5,585 6,183 6,125 Endowed schools and registered private secondary schools .. 5,834 6,012 6,138 Correspondence school .. .. .. .. .. 806* 695 745 Totals .. .. .. .. .. .. 40,842 42,272 42,020 * Included part-time pupils. Note.—Of the 35,882 pupils in State schools, 35,786 held free places.

Secondary ! Combined District High A11 gohools . Schools. Schools. Day gchools _ Schools. Number. j Number. | Number, j J Number. J Number, j Leaving in first year .. 683 12 157 15 1,386 27 793 30 3,019 21 Leaving in second year 1,481 27 298 j 27 1,977 38 811 31 4,567 32 Leaving in third year .. 1,384 25 308 ; 28 1,170 22 485 19 3,347 23 Leaving in fourth, year 1,996 36 328 30 694 13 519 20 3,537 24 . or later —-—•——-—— Totals .. 5,544 100 1,091 100 5,227 100 2,608 100 14,470 100 Note. —The approximate average length of school life of pupils attending post-primary schools was : Secondary schools, 2 years 10 months ; combined schools, 2 years 9 months ; technical high and day schools, 2 years 3 months; secondary departments of district high schools, 2 years 3 months; all post-primary schools, 2 years 6 months.

E.—l

Table Q3. —Number of Pupils attending Evening Technical and Part-time Day Classes.

Table R. —Number of Pupils attending Native Schools, etc.

Table S.—Number of Registered Private Primary Schools, etc.

Table T.—Number of Registered Private Secondary Schools, etc.

20

Number on Roll, ! Number holding Number 1st July. I Free Places. Year. of J Centres. Males. Females. Males. Females. 1938 .. .. 132 9,541 4,685 5,860 2,427 1939 .. .. 144 11,728 5,901 7,900 3,301 1940 .. .. 138 10,315 5,836 7,621 3,238

1940. 1939. Schools. Roll. Schools. Roll. Native village schools .. .. .. 146 10,539 144 10,193 Mission and boarding schools (primary) .. 10 680 11 668 Public schools with Native children enrolled 840 12,477 831 11,968 Totals .. .. .. .. 996 23,696 986 22,829 Note. —Of the pupils enrolled at Native village schools, 1,068 in 1940 and 1,029 in 1939 were Europeans.

Undenomi- Catholic Other national Church Church Total. Schools. Schools. Schools. Number of schools .. .. .. 22 232 52 306 Roll at December .. .. .. 994 24,049 3,411 28,454 Average attendance .. .. .. 877 21,509 2,970 25,356 Teachers (inclusive of head teachers) .. 67 785 200 1,052

~~ "j " | 1940. 1939. Number of schools .. .. .. . . 63 60 Roll at 1st July .. .. .. .. 6,138 6,012 Average attendance .. .. .. .. 5,787 5,698 Teachers (inclusive of head teachers) — Men .. .. .. .. .. 159 158 Women .. .. .. .. .. 226 230 Totals .. .. .. .. 385 388

E.—l.

Table U. —Kindergarten Schools, 1940.

Table VI. —Cost of Conveyance of Pupils to Schools and to Manual Classes by Rail, Motor-vehicle, etc.

Table V 2. —Cost of Board of Pupils attending Schools. 1940-41. 1939-40. £ £ Public primary .. .. .. .. .. 7,983 7,878 Secondary departments of district high .. .. 4,069 3,945 Secondary .. .. .. .. .. 19,397 20,591 Combined .. .. .. .. .. 6,191 6,318 Technical.. .. .. .. .. 7,524 9,150 Native .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,671 1,774 Totals ~ .... .. £46,835 £49,656

21

Number Pupils on Average Average Association. of Roll at Attend- Weekly Schools. December. ance. Roll. Auckland .. .. 11 507 374 493 Hastings .. .. 1 56 40 46 Hutt Valley.. .. 1 52 38 49 Wellington .. .. 7 302 236 288 Hokitika ., .. 1 19 13 18 Christchurch .. 8 413 300 398 Dunedin .. .. 6 306 243 307 Invercargill .. 4 155 100 138 Total .. .. 39 1,810 1,344 1,737

1940-41. 1939-40. Type of Sohool. Rail. Other. Total. Rail. Other. Total. Public primary .. .. .. .. 2,819 207,362*210,181f 1,910 187,401*189,311t Private primary .. .. .. 4,333 .. 4,333 2,364 .. 2,364 Manual classes in connection with public 5,814- 8,502 14,316 4,470 6,646 11,116 primary Manual classes in connection with private 51 .. 51 141 .. 141 primary Secondary departments of district high .. 1,243 9,268 10,511 811 8,941 9,752 Secondary .. .. .. .. 7,4-23 8,812 16,235 5,301 7,807 13,108 Combined .. .. .. .. 1,723 2,923 4>646 1,744 1,696 3,440 Technical .. .. .. .. 7,712 7,795 15,507 6,324 7,629 13,953 Private secondary .. .. .. 2,355 .. 2,355 1,424 .. 1,424 Native .. .. .. .. 43 15,240 15,283 47 13,238 13,285 Totals .. .. .. 33,516 259,902 293,418 24,536 233,358 257,894 * This sum includes £430 for 1939-40 and £368 for 1940-41, the cost of conveyance of children to intermediate departments of secondary schools. j- This sum includes the cost of conveyance of children to consolidated schools and intermediate schools.

E.—l.

Table V3. —Number of Children being conveyed to School and Number receiving Boarding-allowance as at 1st July, 1940.

Table. —Particulars relating to Manual Instruction.

Table W. —Number of Students in the various Training Colleges at December.

22

Number conveyed. __ Number Number of receiving Pupils „ Other T . , * Boardingon Roll. ±la11 " Means. Lotal - allowance. Primary— Education Boards— Auckland .. .. .. 63,914 250 8,194 8,436 110 Taranaki 10,605 51 1,699 1,749 18 Wanganui .. .. •• 14,172 13 1,533 1,540 51 Hawke's Bay .. .. •• 13,586 39 1,432 1,471 120 Wellington .. .. . ■ 25,337 111 1,585 1,696 52 Nelson" .. .. .. .. •• 6,267 29 569 598 23 Canterbury .. .. •• 30,899 38 2,611 2,649 86 Otago .. • • •• 16,234 29 1,595 1,624 53 Southland 10,799 78 1,524 1,592 34 Totals .. .. ..191,813 638 20,742 21,355 547 Intermediate schools and departments .. . .. 5,710 29 371 400 24 Secondary departments of district high schools .. 6,125 283 2,327 2,574 239 Secondary schools .. .. •• 15,698 1,464 1,203 2,602 1,318 Technical high schools .. .. •• •• 10,188 1,878 1,143 2,929 573 Combined schools .. •• •• •• 3,126 286 266 552 447 Native schools .. .. • ■ ■ ■ 10,539 .. 2,552 2,552 148 Chatham Islands .. • • • • • • 138 .. 4 4-10 * This is the total of individual pupils conveyed. In a few cases pupils are conveyed by rail, also by other means.

Number of Number of Pupils attending Schools Centres. from which — Pupils Boys. Girls, attended. J Public primary and Native schools .. .. 864 14,013 13,244 Intermediate schools and departments .. .. .. 18 3,257 2,623 Secondary departments of district high schools .. .. 76 1,731 1,961 Private schools .. ■■ •• •• 173 1,983 2,013 Totals 1,181 20,984 19,841 Note. —There were 146 manual-training centres during 1940.

1940. 1939. College. ~ Men. Women. Total. Men. Women. Total. Auckland .. .. • • 246 306 552 253 323 576 Wellington .. . ■ • • 124 192 316 121 212 333 Christchurcli .. •• •• 108 199 307 129 217 346 Dunedin.. .. •• 114 171 285 120 209 329 Totals .. .. 592 868 1,460 623 961. 1,584

E.—l

Table Y1. —Particulars relating to University Education.

Table Y2.—Numbers of University Students and Courses, etc.

Table Z1. —Standard and Results of Examinations.

5—E. 1.

23

1937. j 1938. ! 1939. 1940. ; ; I I Number of students in actual attendance at 4,462 5,134 5,350 5,069 lectures Number of exempted students .. .. 548 573 629 459 Percentage of students — Men .. .. .. .. 76 76 76 73 Women .. .. .. .. 24 24 24 27 Percentage of students actually attending Universities receiving free education* — Men .. .. .. .. 40 38 35 45 Women .. .. .. .. 58 63 59 63 All students .. .. .. .. 45 44 40 49 Occupations of students expressed as per- , — A , A , — * —— —, A >, centages — m. f. m. f. m. f. m. f. (1) Full-time students .. .. 36 46 34 43 38 51 42 51 (2) Teachers and training-colleges .. 18 38 17 38 17 33 16 30 (3) Government and local bodies 22 4 24 5 21 5 20 5 (4) Other .. .. .. 23 8 23 10 20 6 20 10 (5) Not known .. .. .. 1 " 4 2 4 4 5 2 4 * These students hold scholarships or training-college studentships.

Number of Students enrolled. Courses taken. a a Year. . . © . a ' p S | >s o> f-< . o ■+* 2P 9 d • £ a is © • °.« °.« ,g .2 a • H 3 "t? O o • CD S3 rS ?s ._* -po ® 3 I I 1 6 & | , 1 | . i I 1! 11 I s 1 .■ I I # : '«J § ° o "2 <sl§+2'Eo-£2Sa p<H 55-) a £ £ :§ 'g j« <u a .2 § +2 oa .S o a m £ o ® £ w £ ( a o , 5 * £ £ 5 5 o 1939 .. 1,406 1,397 1,339 1,505 227 105 5,979 353 75 1,950 746 135 65 . . 184 144 34 309 .. 563 * 45 86 587 1940 .. 1,2501,302 1,089 1,556 250 81 5,528360 75 1,971 508122 65 8 163 170 295 30639 41 108 566

1940. 1939. <za • » w ' cop cn to ' ' m > 10 h m gag SB s J ag ss If g Stage in Course 5 a 32 ° S 2 2 +5 S 2 ° 2 2 at, which 'S -a £3 r c3_ t3 -O-h g _ tifl t3 Examination. Examination is normally §|h Jj g gj J % J . , J-eW §gg Jj § § . taken. £gg £ a "§g Slf £& 2"S O S2 Ou.ra © S . ° OS'S i O a. © ;: . O.T3 S&s . 8~S 8-2 £&» . 8«| 8^ -© o t> a ■£ o-p "2°1j •£ o o > o Po+j •£ © 13 'S © a-f'S.s a§s a-es a-s a-gla a-? d S 03-3 3 £ & 3?ffl a is *5 £ « '£. >A y, 'A Sfi . __ - . . _ Public Service Entrance At end of Form IV .. 2,558 1,710 .. 848 1,874 1,233 .. 641 School Ceitificatet .. At end of Form V .. 5,040 2,423 893* 1,724 4,804 2,569 860* 1,375 Certificate for Class C and At end of training- 169 34 103 32 171 31J 99 41 Class B college course Handicraft Teachers' Cer- Taken by teachers .. 9 3 6 12 7 5 tificate Technological Examinations-— Preliminary ,. At end of Form IV or 40 28 .. 12 62 37 .. 25 equivalent Intermediate . . Evening classes, third- 54 34 . . 20 81 42 .. 39 year apprentices Final . . . . Evening classes, fourth- 33 16 .. 17 33 15 .. 1.8 year apprentices Naval Cadetship (Special Form VI •. 4 3 .. 1 I 1 . . Entry) Naval Cadetship (Junior Form II .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. Entry) Aircraft Apprentices .. Form V .. .. . • . • ■ ■ . ■ ■ • London University . . Post-secondary .. . . .. . . .. 3 2 Examinations held on be- As for technological 287§ 183 .. 104 266§ 121 .. 145 half of City and Guilds examinations of London Institute | ; r' • ' ■ ; ■ : • * This represents the number who obtained partial passes. T In 1940, 342 candidates sat for this examination without at the same time sitting for the University Entrance Examination. t Includes 1 in 1939 who passed for Class IS. § These numbers represent the subjects taken. The number of individual candidates was 222 in 1939 and 239 in 1940. Note. —In addition to the certificates issued as the result of successes gained in examinations conducted by the Department, certificates were also issued to 1,437 candidates for Higher Leaving Certificates.

E.—l

Table Z2. —University Examinations.

Table. —Number of Children under Supervision of the Child Welfare Branch as at 31st March, 1939, 1940, and 1941, classified under the following Headings.

Table. —Particulars relating to Teachers' Superannuation Fund as at 31st January, 1941. 1940-41. 1939-40. £ £ Balance at credit of fund at end of year .. .. .. .. 974,885 967,076 Income for the year — Members'contributions .. .. .. .. .. 170,297 158,907 Interest .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 42,021 4-2,699 Government subsidy .. .. .. .. .. 166,917 155,979 Total income .. .. .. .. .. £379,235 £357,585 Expenditure: Retiring and other allowances, refunds, &c. .. .. £371,426 £366,244 Number of contributors at 31st January .. .. .. .. 9,463 9,005 Number of members admitted during period .. .. .. 983 822 Number retiring from the fund during period . . . . , . 525 470 Number of allowances in force at 31st January .. .. .. 2,127 2,078 Representing an annual charge of .. .. .. .. £336,569 £326,261 Funds in hands of Public Trustee at 31st January ~ ~ £964,635 £965,543

24

Examination. '«»• | University Entrance At end of Form V—i.e., at end (a) Who presented them- 5,191 5,437 Examination of at least the third year of selves for examination post-primary course (only the (b) Who passed .. 2,308 2,652 very best third-year pupils succeed in passing) Entrance Scholarship At end of Form VI—i.e., at end (a) Who presented them- 296 302 Examination of at least the fourth year of selves for examination post-primary course (b) Who obtained at least, a 149 141 pass with credit* (c) Who qualified only for 16 18 University entrance as a result of the examination Other University During University course .. (a) Who presented them- 6,486 7,485 examinations selves for examination (fo) Who obtained complete 4,845 4,506 or partial successes * Thirty scholarships are awarded yearly.

1939. 1940. 1941. State wards — In foster-homes, hostels, and with friends .. .. .. .. 2,628 2,617 2,559 In situations, including those absent without leave .. .. .. 864 931 086 In Government institutions, receiving-homes, '&c. .. .. .. 259 238 229 In private institutions . . .. .. . . . . .. 70 86 105 In Roman Catholic institutions recognized under Child Welfare Act .. 51 54 77 In special schools for backward children .. .. .. .. 236 207 236 In School for the Deaf, Sumner .. . . . . . . . . 4 3 In refuges or cognate institutions .. .. .. . . . . 31 42 51 In hospitals, convalescent homes, &c. . . . . . . . . 125 124 30 In residential colleges (mostly Maori children) .. . . . . 18 18 14 Subtotal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4,286 4,320 4,287 Other than State wards— Young persons supervised by Child Welfare Officers in their own homes, 973 1,041 1 ,109 with relatives, or with friends, pursuant to orders of Courts Infants supervised in foster-homes registered under the Infants Act . . 695 623 581 Pupils at School for the Deaf, Sumner (other than State wards included 99 100 117 in figures above) Pupils at schools for mentally backward, Otekaike and Richmond (other 32 33 47 than State wards included in figures above) Children supervised as preventive cases .. .. .. .. 1,691 1,906 1,739 Children in New Zealand Institute for Blind for whom the Department 21 20 24 makes payment Subtotal .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,511 3,723 3,617 Grand total .. .. .. .. .. .. 7,797 8,043 7,904

e.—i.

APPENDIX. STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND RECOVERIES IN RESPECT OF ALL SERVICES UNDER THE CONTROL OR SUPERVISION OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 1941.

25

General Administration. £ £ £ Salaries of Head Office staff .. .. .. •• 41,321 fart salaries of Inspectors attached to Head Office.. .. 1,555 Overtime and meal allowances .. .. .. .. 283 43,159 Office furniture and fittings .. .. •• •• 1,121 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,941 Telephones .. .. . . ■. • • • • •. 598 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. . ■ •. . ■ 1,369 Education Gazette— Salaries .. .. .. . • .. .. 186 Printing, postage, &c., office and other requisites .. 1,201 1,387 Printing and stationery . • • • .. .. •. 81 l 4 Printing and stationery—Storage with Government Printer .. .. 96 Miscellaneous . . .. .. •. .. .. •. 2 Less recoveries— 50,487 Services rendered to Teachers' Superannuation 2,370 Board and to other Departments Education Gazette : Sales and advertising. &c. .. 166 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. 166 Printing and stationery and sale of publications 62 Teachers' certificates, fees for .. .. 790 3,554 46,933 Primary Education (including Intermediate Schools or Departments under Control of Education Boards). Teachers'salaries and allowances .. .. .. 2,076,819 Teachers' salaries and allowances —Chatham Island schools . . 2,124 2,078,943 Education Boards — Grants for administration and general 42,031 purposes Less portion chargeable to post-primary .. .. 1,317 40,714 School Committees' allowances —Cleaning, heating, &c. .. 155,931 Less portion chargeable to post-primary .. .. 4,930 —— 151,001 School and class libraries .. .. .. .. .. 3,989 Supply of books in necessitous cases .. .. .. .. 1,181 Supply of meals for subnormal children .. .. .. .. 25 Removal expenses of teachers .. .. ... .. .. 1,794 School buildings and sites — Maintenance, including alterations to make safe £ against earthquake .. .. .. 165,963 Less portion for secondary departments of district high schools chargeable to post-primary .. .. 4,362 161,601 Rebuilding or repairing buildings destroyed or damaged 18,977 by fire Rent of buildings and sites for school purposes .. 4,610 Valuation fees and miscellaneous .. .. .. 243 185,431 Boys' and girls' agricultural clubs .. .. .. .. 1,146 Grants in aid of free kindergartens .. .. .. .. 6,378 Conveyance, &c., of children — By rail . . .. ■. •. • ■ • • 13,017 By road and water.. .. .. .. .. 215,864 Boarding-allowances .. .. .. 7,983 Purchase of new buses .. .. .. .. 7,473 244,337 Conveyance of instructors and teachers .. .. .. .. 8,543 Correspondence School — Salaries of teachers .. .. 14,290 Meal allowances .. .. .. .. .. 19 Other expenses .. •• 2,760 Office furniture and fittings .. .. .. .. 147 Travelling-expenses of teachers .. .. .. 549 — ———- 17,765 Swimming-baths not on school-grounds .. .. .. .. 400 Fire-protection work outside school-grounds .. .. . . 163 Accidents to school-children, &c. .. .. . . .. 348 Repairs to building (not Crown property) used for school pur- .. 260 poses without payment of rent Compensation to Wairaki Coal Co., Ltd., Ohai School .. . . 330

E—l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued.

26

Primary Education —continued. £ £ £ Inspection— Salaries (less part charged Head Office Administration) .. . 30,U05 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. .. 8,690 Telephones and office expenses .. .. .. 240 Clerical assistance .. .. .. • • ■ • -MO Postage and telegrams .. .. . • ■ • 196 39,791 School Journal— Salaries .. •. • • • • ■ • • • 371 Printing, postage, office expenses, &c. .. .. 5,916 Removal of office .. .. • • • • • • 15 Rent of offices .. .. .. •. ■ • 65 6,367 Manual instruction — Accidents . . . ■ • • • • • • • ■ 6 Salaries .. .. •• •• »• 79,391 Material .. •• •• •• 13,423 Incidentals •• •• •• •• 20,972 113,792 Preparation of school text-books — Salaries .. . • • • • • • • • - 1,504 Reference-books and publications .. .. . . 182 Rent of offices .. .. • • • • ■ ■ 84 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. • ■ 3 Postages .. .. • • •• • • •■ • • 14 Printing (register and other school books and forms) .. .. 2,610 Swimming instruction .. •• •• •• 1,056 Miscellaneous .. .. • • ■ • • • ■ • ■ • 5 2,908,156 Less recoveries— Teachers' salaries .. .. .. . . 89 On account of maintenance of buildings . . 664 Correspondence School .. .. .. 817 School Journal sales .. • • . • 81 On account of education of foreign children . . 1,522 Postages, printing, and stationery .. . • 20 Rent of school-sites, &c. .. .. .. 2,233 Registration and other fees .. .. • . 5 Manual instruction •. .. • • 50 Conveyance of children .. . . • . 134 Incidental expenses .. .. . . 13 Travelling and removal expenses .. . . 2 Sale, bus and parts .. . • . . 25 Rent of offices . . .. . • • ■ 45 5,700 Post-primary Education. — 2,902,456 (Including intermediate departments attached to secondary and technical schools.) Teachers' salaries and allowances — District high schools .. .. 111,913 Secondary schools . . • • .. ■ • • • 256,484 Technical schools and classes .. .. ■■ 234,549 Combined schools .. .. •• •• 54,951 657,897 Grants to Boards for administrative and general purposes — District high schools .. .. •• 1,317 Secondary schools .. .. .. •• 41,717 Technical schools .. .. • . • . • • 47,382 Combined schools .. .. • ■ •. • ■ 11,907 102,323 School Committee allowances (portion for secondary depart- .. 4,930 , ments, district high schools) Manual instruction in secondary schools .. .. . ■ ■ ■ 10,505 Conveyance of pupils— By rail 20,456 By road and waljer .. .. .. 28,812 Boarding-allowances .. .. .. 37,181 86,449 Supply of books in necessitous cases .. .. • • . • 982 Inspection — Salaries (less portion charged to Head Office Administration) 6,364 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. .. 2,004 Postages and telegrams .. .. .. • • 38 Rent of offices .. .. • • • • • • 155 8,561 War Bursaries . . ■ • ■ • • ■ • • ■ ■ 7,197 School buildings, &c. —Maintenance of buildings (including 15,863 secondary departments.of district high schools) Rents of buildings for school purposes .. .. . • 894 Rebuilding or repairing schools destroyed or damaged by lire 3,622 Valuation fees . . .... .. .. ■ • 82 20,461 Correspondence School — Salaries .. .. •• •• ■■ •• 18,621 Other expenses .. .. •. ■ • ■ ■ 3,904 22,525

EL—l

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc.—continued.

27

Post Primary Education —continued. £ £ £ Accidents to school-children, &c. . ■ . . .. 238 School and class libraries . - •• •• 1,000 Reefton School of Mines — Services rendered by secondary " .. 100 deparment of district high school Marlborough High School — Grant under Marlborough High . . 400 School Act, 1899 Printing forms, &c., for schools .. .. .. .. .. 187 Secondary education reserves revenue distributed to High .. 11,762 Schools Board (Education Reserves Act, 1928) 936,517 Less recoveries— On account of maintenance of buildings .. 144 Correspondence School .. .. .. 1,860 Teachers' salaries .. .. .. .. 15 Rent of school-site, (S c. .. .. .. 691 Conveyance of children .. . . .. 55 Miscellaneous . . . . .. . ■ I Sale of equipment .. .. .. .. 142 2,908 932,609 | Higher Education. Statutory grants— New Zealand University—Grant for general purposes .. 8,700 Auckland University College— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 26,168 Victoria University College— Grant for general purposes .. 22,777 Canterbury College— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 16,776 University of Otago— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 36,021 110,442 Scholarships and bursaries- — University National Scholarships .. .. .. 4,172 Public Service Scholarships .. .. .. . • 1,458 " Sir George Grey" Scholarships .. .. .. 151 University Bursaries .. .. .. .. 28,668 Agricultural Bursaries . . .. .. .. 1,581 Architectural Bursaries . . .. ■ • .. 160 Engineering Bursaries . . .. . . • • 605 Home-science Bursaries .. .. .. •• 3,174 Art Bursaries .. .. .. •• 1,265 —— 41,234 Special assistance to deserving students . . .. . . .. 461 Adult Education, including Workers' Educational Association . . 12,000 Otago Medical School: Grants for clinical teachers .. .. 1,500 165,637 Less recoveries— Architectural Bursaries .. .. .. 6 University National Bursaries . . . . 66 University National Scholarships .... 29 —— 165,536 Training Colleges and Training of Teachers. Training Colleges— Salaries of staffs (including staffs of practising schools in . . 37,784 excess of usual staff as public schools) Travelling-expenses of staff and expenses in connection .. 25 with appointments Allowances to and expenses of students .. .. .. 141,845 Students'University College fees .. . .. .. 6,800 Special instruction, libraries, and incidental expenses .. .. 3,457 Apparatus and materia] . . . . . • • ■ •. 750 Printing, &c. .. . • • • ■ • • • • • • ■ 57 Training classes: Fares of teachers, &c. . . .. .. .. 97 Accidents to students, &c. .. . • • ■ • • ■ • 31 190,846 Less recoveries— Students' allowances . . . • • • 11 Students' University College fees .. .. 99 Salaries of staff .. . . . • • • 900 Tuition fees of students .. .. .. 15 1,025 189,821

E.—i

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc.—continued.

28

Native Schools. £ £ £ Salaries of teachers .. .. .. .. .. .. 120,253 Removal expenses of teachers .. . . .. .. .. 1,344 Books, apparatus, and other school requisites .. .. .. 3,406 Manual instruction .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,212 Conveyance and board of children .. .. .. .. 16,954 Purchase of food and clothing for children attending Te Hapua . . 75 Native School Sundries . . .. .. . . .. .. .. 1 Building and sites— Maintenance of buildings .. .. .. .. 9,752 Rent of buildings and sites .. .. .. .. 252 Rebuilding or repairing schools destroyed or damaged by 61 fire Valuation and survey fees .. .. .. .. 184 Improvements to school-grounds .. .. .. 2,969 Improvements in approaches to schools .. .. 522 13,740 Equipment for supply of milk to children .. .. .. .. 186 Inspection— Salaries of Inspectors .. .. .. .. 2,563 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. .. 838 Postages .. .. .. .. .. .. 17 3,418 Scholarships .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10,236 Printing, postages, &c. .. .. .. .. .. .. 224 Accidents to school-children, &c. .. .. .. .. 1 172,050 Less recoveries— Fines .. .. .. .. .. 1 Maintenance of buildings .. .. .. 226 Rent of school-sites, &e. .. .. .. 21 Scholarships .. .. .. .. 500 Salaries of teachers and Inspectors .. .. 56 Manual Instruction in Schools .. .. 1 Sale scrap, old buildings, &e. .. .. 29 834 171,216 Physical Instruction. Salaries of instructors .. .. .. .. .. .. 4,363 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. . . .. 577 Uniform-allowances .. .. .. .. .. .. 60 Equipment .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 Printing, postages, &c. .. .. .. .. .. .. 314 — 5,329 Education of the Blind. Grant to New Zealand Institute for the Blind .. .. .. 5,101 Maintenance fees of Government pupils at N.Z. Institute for .. 500 the Blind Travelling-expenses of pupils . . .. .. .. .. 33 Sundries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 5,636 Less recoveries: Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 376 5,260 School for the Deaf. Salaries of staff .. ' . . .. 7,546 General maintenance of institution .. . . .. .. 2,889 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 1,844 Postage and telegrams . . .. .. .. .. .. 18 Travelling allowances and expenses (including transit of 562 children) Sundries . . .. . . .. .. .. .. 19 Expenses of officer taking up appointment .. . . .. 150 13,028 Less recoveries— Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 1,522 Board of staff .. .. .. .. 546 Sale of produce .. .. .. .. 12 2,080 10,948 Schools for the Mentally Backward. Salaries of staff .. .. _ . .. .. .. .. 15,533 Maintenance of institutions .. .. .. .. .. 10,006 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 1,899 Travelling allowances and expenses (including transit of children) .. 426 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. . . .. 135 Accidents .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 28,003 Less recoveriesMaintenance fees, &c. .. .. . . 1,003 Sale of produce, &c. .. .. . . 678 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. 22 Board of staff .. .. .. .. 1,860 Maintenance of institutions, &c. .. . . 9 Salaries .. .. .. .. .. 1 — 3,573 24,430

E.—l

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued.

29

Child Welfare. £ £ £ Salaries of staffs, including field officers .. .. .. .. 47,459 Wages of inmates employed in institutions .. .. . . 531 Travelling and removal expenses (including transit of children) .. 8,365 Boarding-out of children .. .. .. . .. 83,436 Maintenance of children in Government institutions .. .. 33,128 Maintenance of children in private institutions .. .. .. 6,063 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 5,4X8 Rent, office, requisites, telephones, &c. .. .. .. .. 4,442 Office furniture and fittings . . .. .. .. .. 330 Printing, postage, and telegrams .. .. .. .. 2,094 Payment to Post and Telegraph Department for services .. . . 539 Payment to Registrar-General's Department for services .. .. 20 Refunds of inmates' earnings .. .. .. .. . . 223 Refund of maintenance payments .. .. . • . . 183 Legal expenses .. .. .. .. ■ • . • 62 Sundries .. . • ■ • • • • • • • • • 21 Accidents .. . . • ■ ■ • • ■ • • . ■ 56 192,370 Less recoveries— Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 18,451 Refunds for clothing, &c., supplied .. .. 6,487 Refunds of boarding-out payments . . .. 31 Refunds of travelling-expenses .. . . 61 Recoveries on account of office rent, &e. . . 58 Recoveries on account of inmates' earnings .. 169 Sale of produce .. .. .. ■■ 2,134 Board of stall and others .. .. .. 3,124 Rent of land and buildings .. .. .. 263 Maintenance of institutions, &c. .. .. 118 Accumulated earnings of deceased inmates .. 177 Sale of furniture, &c. .. .. .. 134 Salaries .. .. .. .. . ■ 17 Legal expenses .. .. .. . • 9 31,233 Material and Stores. 161,137 Salaries .. . . .. . ■ . • • • .. 1,083 Stores and material purchased .. .. .. . • .. 5,922 Lighting, cleaning, cartage, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 87 7,092 Less stores issued and charged to other items of vote, . .. 5,698 Education 1,394 Less recoveries: Stores sold .. .. .. 229 1,165 Miscellaneous. Conference of education authorities .. .. .. .. 4 Examination expenses .. .. • . .. • • . . 4,530 Grading of teachers, costs of appeal, inquiries, &c. .. .. .. 241 Gramophones and radios for schools (recoverable) .. .. .. 2,283 Payment for damages to motor-vehicles other than departmental .. 41 vehicles Salaries of teachers on exchange from overseas (recoverable) . . 3,263 Teachers' Superannuation Eund — Annual contribution under Act .. .. .. 43,000 Additional allowance to widows and children .. .. 4,272 Additional subsidy .. .. •• •• 113,000 Additional subsidy (loss of interest) .. .. .. 2,300 162,572 Payment to National Broadcasting Service, one-half cost .. 95 educational broadcasts Visual Education: Equipment for schools .. .. . . 550 Grant to Department of Scientific and Industrial Research ; . . 79 Expenses of Timber Protection Research Committee Sundries .. .. . ■ • • • • • • • ■ 17 173,675 Less recoveries— Examination fees, &c. .. .. .. 4,383 Films .. . . .. • • • • 500 Accommodation for pupils, Centennial Exhibition 300 Radios and gramophones for schools .. .. 2,117 Salaries of teachers on exchange from abroad .. 3,639 Freight, Coronation souvenirs .. .. 5 10,944 162,731 Country Library Service. Salaries .. .. .. •• •• 3,774 Overtime and meal allowances .. .. .. .. .. 7 Purchase of books .. .. .. •• 5,431 Binding of books .. • • .. • • • • • • 329 Motor-vehicles: Maintenance and repairs .. .. .. .. 437 Freight and cartage .. .. .. .. .. .. 154 Postage, printing, and stationery .. .. . . .. 257 Office furniture and equipment ,, ., ,. .. .. 330

E.—l

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. —continued.

SUMMARY. Consolidated Fund — £ Vote, Education .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4,606,347 Vote, Internal Affairs .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . .. 2,300 Finance Act, 1940 (section 10) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 113,000 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (primary-education reserves revenue) .. .. 65,070 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (secondary-education reserves revenue) . . .. 11,762 Tauranga Educational Endowment Reserves Act, 1896 (reserves revenue) .. .. . . . . 349 Public Revenues Act, 1926, section 133 (Fire Insurance Fund) .. .. .. .. .. 19,956 Public Works Fund, vote, Education buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 541,136 5,359,920 Less — Consolidated Fund — £ Recoveries on account of expenditure of previous year .. . . .. 329 Territorial revenue .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 285 M iscellaneous revenue .. .. .. .. .. .. 3,908 Registration and other fees .. .. .. .. .. .. 5 4,527 £5,355,393 Additional amounts are available from revenue from reserves vested in post-primary schools and University colleges as follows : — Post-primary schools .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29, 308 University colleges .. .. .. .. .. ■ .. .. 16,422 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. £45,730

Approximate Cost of Paper.—Preparation, not given ; printing (895 copies), £05.

By Authority: E. V. Paul, Government Printer, Wellington.—l94l, Price 5(Z.]

30

Country Library Service —continued. £ £ £ Telephone services .. . . .. .. • • . • 32 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. .. . ■ •. 632 Sundries .. .. • ■ . • ■ ■ ■ • ■ • 3 Motor-vehicles: Purchase of . . .. .. .. ■ • 272 Fuel heating, &c. .. .. .. .. .. . • 200 Rent of offices .. . . .. .. .. .. • • 44 11,902 Less recoveries— Subscriptions .. .. .. .. 1,478 Salaries and expenses, liaison officer .. .. 590 Books, freight, &c. . . .. .. 46 2,114 9,788 Net total, excluding new buildings, &c. .. .. .. 4,789,359 ~ Public Works Vote, Education: Capital Expenditure. Fund Consolidated Fund. Sites, buildings, equipment, &c. — £ £ Public schools .. .. .. .. .. 363,676 17,871 Training colleges .. .. .. .. .. 5,929 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. .. 70,888 1,417 Technical schools .. .. .. .. .. 18,004 1,614 Native schools .. .. .. .. .. 66,876 3,897 Universities .. .. .. .. .. 1,384 School for feeble-minded .. .. .. .. 2,287 Child welfare .. .. .. .. .. 21,828 Kindergartens .. .. . . .. .. . • 99 Wellington Education Board Offices .. .. .. 4,100 555,572 24,898 Less recoveries (sale of sites, &c., and recoveries on account of expenditure of past years)— Public schools .. . . .. . . 12,368 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. 1,252 Technical schools .. .. .. .. 709 Native schools .. .. .. .. 57 Training colleges .. .. .. .. 50 14,436 Net expenditure on new buildings, &c. .. 541,136 24,898 — 566,034 Net total, including new buildings, &c. .. .. .. 5,355,393