DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND SURVEY: SCENERY-PRESERVATION. REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 1916: TOGETHER WITH STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS AND SCHEDULE OF LANDS ACQUIRED AND RESERVED DURING THE YEAR UNDER THE SCENERY PRESERVATION ACT.

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1916 Session I, C-06

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1916. NEW ZEALAND.

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND SURVEY: SCENERY-PRESERVATION. REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 1916: TOGETHER WITH STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS AND SCHEDULE OF LANDS ACQUIRED AND RESERVED DURING THE YEAR UNDER THE SCENERY PRESERVATION ACT.

Presented to both, Houses of the General Assembly pursuant to Section 17 of the Scenery Preservation Act, 1908.

Sir, — Department of Lands and Survey, Wellington, Ist May, 1916. I have the honour to submit herewith report on scenery-preservation for the twelve months ended the 31st March, 1916. T. N. Brodrick, The Right Hon. W. F. Massey, P. 0., Under-Secretary for Lands. Minister in Charge of Scenery-preservation.

EEPOET. Ever since the passing of the Scenery Preservation Act, 1903 (now consolidated in the Scenery Preservation Act, 1908), the question of scenery-preservation has received careful attention, and every endeavour has been made to administer the funds annually voted by Parliament out of the moneys provided by the Act in such a manner as to secure the best of the magnificent scenery for which New Zealand is celebrated, consistent with the claims of settlement and other valid grounds, and the need for economy in purchasing and maintaining the large areas that have been acquired and set apart. In former years many large tracts of rugged and picturesque country have been proclaimed under the Act, but the great and pressing demands upon the finances of the country since the outbreak of war have necessitated the strictest economy, and consequently during the past year very little land has been reserved for scenery-preservation purposes. In the Auckland District a feature of great natural beauty in the King-country known as the " Mangapohue natural bridge " has been gazetted and preserved from destruction, and in the Wellington District the well-known Wharite Mountain, at the back of Palmerston North, situated on the boundary between the Wellington and Hawke's Bay Districts, has also been proclaimed. A very beautiful section clothed with native bush, within a mile of Ohakune, has been added to the scenic reserves of the district, and, being situated close to the main road, will form an attractive sight to travellers in that locality. A fine little area of bush land in the suburbs of Levin has also been acquired, and is now under the control of the Levin Borough Council acting as a

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Scenic Board. In Marlborough a bush-covered area of land in the Puhipuhi Valley, on the slopes of the Seaward Kaikoura Mountains, has been set apart, together with seven sections in the Sounds which were previously gazetted as scenic reserves under the Land Act. Action is now being taken to place these last-mentioned areas, together with other scenic reserves in the locality, under the supervision of honorary inspectors so as to ensure local protection. The areas set apart in the Canterbury Land District (in the Pigeon Bay Survey District) are adjacent to the Summit Road, between Lyttelton and Akaroa. These lands were originally reserved for preservation of forest, scenery, and climatic purposes, under the Land Act, but it was deemed advisable to create them scenic reserves under the Scenery Preservation Act, 1908, and to place the areas under the control of the Summit Road Scenic Reserves Board. In Southland a section in the TTokonui district, on the Otapiri Ranges, not far from the Dipton Station on the Invercargill-Lumsden Railway, is permanently secured. The remaining reserve is known as Codfish Island, off the west coast of Stewart Island, though called Whenuahou by the Natives. Its reservation is very desirable in the interests of natural history. At the close of the year there was a total area of 281,827 acres, comprised in 447 different reserves, that had been brought under the provisions of the Scenery Preservation Act, and there is no doubt they form a beautiful and increasingly valuable asset to the Dominion. It can readily be recognized that the safeguarding and proper maintenance of these reserves is a difficult and expensive matter. In order to preserve the bush, and flora as far as possible honorary inspectors have been appointed in many cases where a resident of the district has sufficient public spirit and is otherwise well qualified to undertake the supervision of the local reserves. In other cases the control of the reserves is handed over either to the local body (which has power to devote part of its ordinary revenue to the upkeep of the land) or to specially nominated Boards composed of residents who take an interest in scenery-preservation and act as honorary caretakers. One of the first and most responsible of such Boards is that controlling the Summit Road and Kennedy's Bush scenic areas, near Governor's Bay, at Christchurch. It has done admirable work since its inception, and deserves the thanks of the community for its whole-hearted efforts to preserve and protect the remaining native bush in the locality. It is gratifying to note that during the year a further advance was made in the direction of acquiring and reserving certain portions of the beautiful bush on the banks of the Mokau River, and it is hoped, that during the present year it may he possible to gazette and set apart the areas on the south bank of the river. The several owners of the land desired for acquisition have in all cases sympathetically considered the proposals of the Government, and negotiations are now being concluded for a large portion of the area affected. Expenditure. Out of the total amount of £100,000 authorized to be expended under the Scenery Preservation Act, 1908, there remains a balance of over £16,000 still available when voted by Parliament. Every care has been taken since the outbreak of war to curtail unnecessary expenditure.

Comparison of Expenditure.

Appendices. Attached to this report are the following appendices : — A. Schedule of reserves made during the year, accompanied by a statement of accounts. B. Report of the Inspector of Scenic Reserves. Report on gannet's breeding-place. 0. Report of the Scenery Preservation Board. Report of the Summit Road Scenic Board.

-.,- Compensation Y< ' ilr - for Land. Fencing and Surveys, Maintenance. Valuations, <fcc. Fencing and Maintenance. Board's Expenses. Salaries. Total. l_ ! £ 1904-5 .. .. 216 1905-6 .. .. 3,336 1906-7 ... .. 7,856 1907-8 .. .. 4,286 1908 9 .. .. 3,813 1909-10 .. .. 1,688 1910-11 .. I,066 1911-12 .. .. 2,619 1912-13 .. .. 12,997 1913-14 .. .. 10,467 1914-15 .. .. 6,253 1915-16 .. .. 1.530 £ £ Nil 52 527 304 801 382 555 1,063 540 1,159 2,603 685 1,643 715 2,237 798 2,697 627 I ,547 758 476 698 104 £ 1,822 1,221 185 86 24 Nil 11 22 6 3 12 6 £ * * * 175 325 325 325 345 345 365 388 390 £ 2,090 5,084 9,146 5,484 5,765 5,775 3,730 5,938 .16,843 13,009 7,887 2,728 Grand ti ital . . £83,479 * Included in Board's oxpenses.

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APPENDICES.

APPENDIX A. Reserves made in 1915-16 under the Scenery Preservation Act, 1908, and its Amendments.

a ' ' "' il. M 9 f . Date of §££ Local Name. Description. Area. Proclamation SS in Gazette. m a Local Name. a , : Auckland iMnd District. a. b. p. 1915. f Part Kinohaku West L No. 2b Block, Block 8 2 1 (i "1 104 Mangapohue Natural Bridge J „ XI, Kawhia South S.D. U Dec 6 r I Part Taumatatotara No. 1A Block, Section 2, 5 1 21 f Block XI, Kawhia South S.D. J 104 Wellington Land District. 102 ; Wharite Mountain .. .. Section 6, Block VII, Gorge S.D. .. . 300 I 35 , 9 Dec. * | Ohakune .. .. .. Section 24b, Block VIII, Makotuku S.D. .. I 132 I 8 8 July. 373 | Waiopehu (extension).. .. Part Section 44, Block II, Waiopehu S.D. (i 0 0 22 April. 102 * 373 Marlborough Land District. 1916. 407 .. Section 6, Block XV, Kaitarau S.D. .. 130 0 0 13 Jan. f Section 4, Block V, Tennyson S.D. .. 397 0 0 "1 I Section 6, Block V, Tennyson S.D. .. 256 0 0 Section 3, Block VII, Tennyson S.D. .. 65 0 0 *.„ x J Section 5, Block IV, Orieri S.D. .. 1 10 0 0 i. 16 Mai. } Section 12, Block XT, Orieri S.D. .. 370 0 0 Section 5, Block XII, Orieri S.D. .. 1,083 0 0 Section 11, Block II, Linkwater S.D. .. 173 0 0 L Section 3, Block IV, Linkwater S.D. .. 108 0 0 I 30 Mar. 407 *408 Canterbury Land District. 1915. f | Reserve 3064, Block VIII, Pigeon Bay S.D. 595 0 0 1") Reserve 3002, Blocks VIII and XII. Pigeon 57 2 0 *39(i .. J\ Bay S.D. !>20 May. Reserve 3235, Blocks X and XIV, Pigeon 75 3 0 j (J Bay S.D. J Southland Land District. 410 .. Codfish Island .. .. .. 3,460 0 0 ) . 409 Otapiri .. .. .. Section 894, Block XXVI, Hokomii S.D.. . 89 1 1-2 [ a e0. Total .. .. 8,072 1 4-2] * Previous Land Act reservation. Revocation of Reservation. Date of Description. Area. Proclamation in Gazette. A, R. P. 1915, Section 34 (formerly part of Section 2) Block X, Umutoi S.D. .. .. .. 5 2 32 29 April. Summary of Resebves. Number. Area ' A. B. P. Auckland . . . . . . . . . . 1 14 0 0 Hawko's Bay .. . . . . . . .... Taranaki . . . . . . . . .... Wellington . . .. .. .. .. 3 438 3 3 Nelson.. .. .. .. .. .... Marlborough .. .. .. .. .. 9 3,352 (I 0 Westland .. .. .. .. .... Canterbury .. .. .. .. .. 3 728 1 0 Otago .. .. .. .. .. .... Southland .. .. .. .. .. 2 3,539 I 1-2 Totals, 1915-16 .. .. ..18 8,072 1 4-2 Reserved up to 31st March, 1915 .. .. ..429' 273,761 0 20-8 447 281,833 I 25 Less reservations revoked . . . . .... 5 2 32 Grand totals .. .. .. 447 281,827 2 33

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Statement of Accounts. Statement of Accounts, showing the Amounts expended, and the Purposes to which the Money so expended has been applied, for the Year ended 31st March, 1916. Vole 118. £ s. d. Item 1.-- -Salaries .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 0 0 Item 2. -Administration of reserves and historic spots (including fencing and other work) 548 11 3 Item 3. Compensation, &c, in connection with, lands taken under the Scenery Preservation Act, 1908 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 585 11 3 Item 5. —Compensation for Native lands taken for scenery purposes (including historic spots) under the Public Works Act, 1908, and the Native Land Act, 1909 439 0 10 Item 8. —Expenses of Scenery-preservation Board .. .. .. .. .. 5 16 3 Item 9.—Government Loans to Local Bodies' Account : Payment of capital value, land reserved, East Puketoi Loan Block .. .. . . . . 47 0 0 Item 10.—Kennedy's Bush : Extension of caretaker's cottage (subsidy, £1 for £1) .. 100 0 0 Item 11. —Kaituna Valley Scenic Reserve : Erection of caretaker's cottage .. .. 50 0 0 Item 14. —Parkinson's Bush, Canterbury, purchase of (subsidy, £1 for £1) .. .. 458 5 8 Item 16. —Surveys, valuations, and incidental expenses .. .. .. .. 104 2 0 £2,728 7 3 Item 2. — Administration of Reserves and Historic Spots (including Cost of Fencing and other Work). £ s. d. Salaries of caretakers .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 116 4 8 Eradication of noxious weeds on reserves and historic spots . . .. .. 47 14 I Providing and upkeep of fences and other works on reserves . . .. . . 356 0 2 Travelling and other expenses .. .. .. .. .. .. 28 12 A £548 11 3

Item 3. — Compensation, &c., for Land taken under Scenery Preservation Act, 1908.

Item 5. — Compensation for Native Lands acquired for Scenery Purposes under the Public Works Act, 1908.

Name of Reserves. Particulars of Block, &c. Amount. ,» McLennan River Ahualiu Marokopa Falls Waiopehu Extension .. Part Sections 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, Block XV, Rimu ; part Sections 5, 6, 7, Block IX, Woodland .. Part Section 2b, Block XIII, Tauakira Section 7b, Block X, Kawhia South . . I Section 43 and part Section 44, Block II, Waiopehu £ s. d. 197 11 3 33 0 0 25 0 0 330 0 0 £585 11 3 i

Name of Reserve. Particulars of Block, &c. Amount. Mamaku Ohiwaru Waimarino Tongoio Falls Hongi's Track Kawhia Harbour Kumutoto Atene Ngahuinga Bluff Marokopa Natural Tunnel £ s. (I. .. Part Okohcriki 2c No. 3 Block .. .. 2(5 9 5 .. Lot 189, Waiotahi Parish .. .. .. 13 4 8 .. Part Waimarino 4b 2 Block .. .. 48 10 9 Part Purahotangihia Block IV, Puketapu .. 3 2 4 .. ! Part Rotoiti Nos. 6 and 7 Blocks . . .. 0 9 4 .. Pirongia West 3b, Section 2e No. 2d .. 25 7 3 Part Section No. 3, Toreamona (Kumutoto 3 2 4 Block) Part Block 111, Waipakura Survey District .. 94 19 I I .. Marokopa 4d and 4e .. .. .. 128 3 0 Parts Taumatatotara No. Id No. 2b and 1h, 95 II 10 Section 2 £439 0 10

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Item 16. — Cost of Surveys, &c., of Scenic Reserves.

APPENDIX B. Report by the Inspector of Scenic Reserves (Mr. E. Phillips Turner, F.RG.S.). On account of the necessity for keeping down travelling-expenses and the fact that owing to the war no large purchases of land could be contemplated, I have during the last year made only a few field inspections, and most of my time has been devoted to matters connected with forestry and other technical matters. The reserves inspected were Kauri Gully, Wilton's Bush, Motutara, Taihape, Silverstream, Paraparaumu, French Pass, Te Tuhi, Ohakune, and Rangataua. Damage by Fires, Stock, &c. Although the past summer has been one of abnormal drought, no serious accidental fires have been reported. The exterior of one of the reserves near Ohakune got scorched by a fire that spread from an adjoining farm ; but if stock are kept out it will not be long before young mahoe, houhou, and fuchsia restore the green fringe. A considerable portion of a reserve up the Wanganui River was felled and burned by a Maori. The police are taking action in this matter with a view to prosecuting the offender. In oases where there are open grass or fern areas in a scenic reserve it is generally desirable that they should be leased for grazing, but it is essentia] that such areas should be fenced off, as otherwise stock will be sure to invade the bush, and in the end destroy the natural undergrowth. Even many lovers of the forest do not realize the importance of the exclusion, of stock. When allowed in our native forests, stock will eat seedling trees which are growing to replace other trees that are dying from disease or old age ; they bruise exposed roots of trees (the roots of most of our trees run along the surface of the: ground) and make wounds that at once become points of attack for wood-eating insects and wooddestroying fungi, the latter of which will often extend their filaments right through the barrel, of the •.•tree, finally killing it; they eat or break down the various plants composing the undergrowth, and in this way make it possible for drying winds to blow through the forest; by their trampling they destroy the spongy nature of the surface soil and thus lessen its water-holding properties, and also make impossible its aeration; finally, by destroying the native shrubs and small plants, stock make the conditions favourable for noxious weeds and animals to establish themselves in the forest. Itejjj During the year a man was successfully prosecuted for removing timber from a scenic reserve near Ohakune, and a substantial penalty inflicted. It is hoped that this will be a warning to other persons not to interfere with these reserves. Native Birds. Being in South Otago on forestry work in the spring, I took the opportunity to inspect some of the reserves in the vicinity of Papatowai, and I regret to say that I noticed fewer native birds than when I first visited this district in 1908. Numerous exploded cartridges in the bush seem to indicate that shooting has played some part in this decrease, though it does not explain the paucity of the smaller birds. Though kakas and parrakeets were plentiful in 1908, on this occasion I saw none of the former and only one or two of the latter. As these two birds build in holes in trees, it is possible that weasels and stoats are to some extent responsible for their decrease. Whilst going through a swampy part of the bush I managed to save a wild duck which in trying to beat off a weasel from, attacking its young ones in a small pool had itself got caught by the enemy just as I got to the spot. It is hard to account for the decrease in the forest of some of our small native birds which are not shot, and the habits of which, do not make them liable to fall a prey to the weasels and stoats. To some extent, of course, imported birds have lessened the food-supply, and it is possible that the imported birds have brought diseases which the native birds have not been able to withstand. In striving for the preservation and protection of our native birds most people are actuated by sentimental reasons, but the utilitarian should also be interested in their preservation, as many of them are partly or altogether insectivorous. The tomtits, wren, robin, fantail, rifleman, whitehead (native canary), and native crow are purely insectivorous ; the tui and bell-bird are partly insectivorous ; and even the kaka and kingfisher feed largely on grubs which are found in dead twigs and trees. The

i Name of Reserve. Particulars of Block, &c. Amount. Summit Road Valuations, legal expenses, &c. Advertising Survey of Reserves 3002, 3064, and 3235 £ s. d. 70 10 0 25 4 0 8 8 0 £104 2 0

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only native land birds that do any damage at all are the hawks and the silver-eye, and certainly the latter and possibly the former do more good than harm. However, outside the large sanctuaries I think the fantail and the wren are the only two small native birds that will be found to be fit to hold their own in the altered circumstances that civilization has brought about. As there was a certain amount of overlapping in connection, with the preservation of native birds, it has been arranged that Dr. Allan Thomson and myself should act conjointly in the future. Botanical. There is not much to relate under this heading, as I visited little new country. I found new habitats for Euphrasia cuneata (eye-bright) at D'Urville Island, Hymenanthera latifolia, Slipa arundinacea (a handsome grass), Polypodium tenellum, (a climbing-fern) at Stephen Island, and at the Tahakopa River the rare tree Plagiantlms cymosus. General. Though of course the present urgent calls on the State finances do not allow any extensive fencing to be undertaken, yet I must express the hope that as soon as money can be spared the more important of the reserves will be fenced, as I am firmly convinced that if this be not done it will ultimately mean their ruin. In most cases it is not necessary to go to the expense of a sheep-proof fence, as sheep will not go into bush, that has not had tracks made through it by cattle. It is most important to keep out cattle, and for this a'fence with seven posts to the chain and four barbed wires is ample. I think that wherever suitable persons can be found honorary local inspectors should be appointed, as has been successfully done at Ohakune in the case of Mi-. Norman Christie. GAN N E T BREE D 1 X Gt-PIACB - Cjf E K1 D SAPPERS. Extracts from Report by Mr. G. K. Manneriru/. The rookery is situated about six miles from Clifton Station. In calm weather one can get past the bluffs along the sandy beach at half-tide, so that on a falling tide about six hours is available before the next rising tide bars the way. On the Black Reef two islands of rock are at present occupied by gannets, apparently breeding there. Shags and terns nest on these islands, and a few large gulls on the cliffs of the mainland opposite. The main rookery is reached by a steep path along the cliff, dangerous if wet, as the formation is papa. The birds nest in a large hollow formed in the top of the cliff, visible from Napier. The nests are only apologies for such, with a few wisps of dry seaweed which are the subjects of constant disputes among the birds. The gannets are remarkably tame, and if approached gently can be stroked when on their nests or on their young. As the young birds grow big the mothers cannot cover them, but will persist in balancing themselves upon them —often a ludicrous sight. The old birds have no leg-power and rise to fly with difficulty ; they generally scramble and Hop to the edge of the cliff, running the gauntlet of many pecks on the way, and then throw themselves over into space, always with a peculiar wagging of the tail. Then they fly round the rookery in a circle, always in one direction. Above and below this magic circle the birds fly in any direction, but when human visitors are present there is always this circling stream '* of flying birds -a most beautiful sight. There did not seem to be many young birds this year. Owing to their poor leg-power they alight clumsily, and generally come down with a flop and get pecked by the nearest birds. The young birds grow very quickly and soon, lose their down and acquire a speckled plumage, merging into pure white and. black as they mature. The plumage of the adult bird on the head and neck is a delicate lemon-yellow. Beyond the main rookery seawards on inaccessible pinnacles of papa there are more nesting birds. At sea in the immediate vicinity there were some thousands of birds on the water. Two years ago the whole colony was estimated at about four thousand birds; they appear to be increasing, though this year was a poor breeding season. I did not notice any dead birds about, or at high-water mark on the beach, from which one would judge that they are not now much shot at. This freedom from vandalism is no doubt the result of Mr. Gordon's protection in years gone by. To ensure continued protection it would be a good thing to put up a notice on the path which leads to the rookery from the beach. There is only this one way to reach the birds. Notes by Mr. H. Hill, B.A. Gannet : This bird is known as the Pelecanus bassanns of Linnaeus, and the Solon goose of the North. To the modem ornithologist it is called the Sula Bassana. A well-known writer on British birds has lately published a monograph on the gannet, which he calls " a bird with a history." It appears there are only fifteen localities known where the gannet breeds, nine of them being adjacent to the British coast. The number of gannets the world over is estimated at slightly exceeding a hundred thousand, three-fourths of them being in British, haunts. Mr. Gurney, the writer of the monograph referred to above, says, " The gannet colonies, without exception, are in rocky islands, and no mainland site, past or present, is anywhere known." In the Southern Hemisphere two varieties of gannet are known—one the Sula edpensis, inhabiting the coast of South Africa, the other Sula senator, inhabiting the coast of certain parts of Australia and the North Island of New Zealand. In the North Island the gannet is known to having breedinghaunts in Great Barrier Island ; White Island, in the-Bay of Plenty ; Gannet Island, off Kawhia ;

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and, curiously, at the Kidnappers. This is the only known place throughout the world, as far as my information goes, where the gannet has its breeding-haunts on the mainland. As estimated by Mr. Mannering, the gannets at the Kidnappers number four thousand. These are now included within a, "bird sanctuary" which Mr. Frank Gordon presented to the Government for the benefit of the people. Under careful protection the number of birds might be largely increased. Curiously, the habits of the gannet are little known on account of the inaccessibility of their breeding-places. The Kidnapper haunts, however, provide an exception, and young ornithologists have an excellent chance to distinguish themselves by taking up the study of the gannets. Even the late Sir Walter Buller, whose work on New Zealand birds is a classic, had never studied the habits of the gannet, nor had he ever seen a gannet breeding-place until within a few years preceding his death. His visit is described in the third or supplementary volume of his " New Zealand Birds."

APPENDIX C. Report of the Scenery-preservation Board. During the year ended the 31st March, 1916, the following meetings of the above Board were held : On Wednesday, the 16th June, 1915, to deal with lands in the Auckland District; on Thursday, the 19th August, 1.915, to deal with lands in the Auckland District; on Saturday, the 2nd October, 1915, to deal with lands in the Marlborough District ; on Monday, the 11th October, 1915, to deal with lands in the Southland District; and on Friday, the 31st March, 1916, to deal with lands in the Hawke's Bay District. All the above meetings were held in the office of the Surveyor-General, Wellington, and the Commissioner of Crown Lands for the district in which was situated the lands dealt with attended the meeting of the Board in each case. Eleven recommendations were made by the Board regarding the acquisition of land for scenic reservation, and submitted to His Excellency the Governor. The Board also considered and dealt with, several other cases where they were not in a position to submit a recommendation. It was, of course, inevitable that the activities of the Board should be restricted in consequence of the unfavourable state of affairs, but the interests of scenery-preservation have been, and are being, carefully considered, and every opportunity will be taken to recommend the acquisition of land for that purpose when the occasion warrants it. E. H. Wilmot, Chairman, Scenery-preservation Board. Report of Summit Road Scenic Reserves Board. The Board met four times during the year —namely, 26th May, 7th June, 29th October, 19.15, and 16th M:arch, 1916. On the Ist April, 1915, the area of lands under the Board's control was 322 acres. By Gazelle notice dated 20th May, 1915, reserves numbered 3002, 3064, and 3235 were brought "*fnder the Scenery Preservation Act, and vested in the Board by notification in the Gazette of the 17th June, 191.5. An additional area of 91J acres was purchased from Mr. Parkinson, partly by private donations and partly by subsidy from the Crown. An area of 2 acres has been donated by Mr. William A. Gray, of Kaituna, and a hut, at a cost of £200, voted by Parliament, is being erected on the same for the accommodation of persons visiting the locality. The area under the Board's control is now 1,143 acres. Some of the open portions of the reserves being let to adjoining owners bring in a revenue of about £90 per annum, which at present is the only regular source of income, private subscriptions having almost entirely ceased since the commencement of the war. During the year a new road has been surveyed and graded from Gobble's Pass to Kaituna Saddle, connecting with the Purau Road above Port Levy. When this track has been formed the whole of the Board's reserves will be linked up from Oodley Head to Mount Sinclair, a distance of about thirty miles. Balance-sheet. £ s. (I. £ s. d. Rents .. .. .. .. (il 0 (i Purchase of Land .. .. .. 500 0 0 Guarantees .. .. .. .. 150 0 0 Labour, supplies, &c. .. .. .. 159 15 0 Government subsidy .. .. .. 458 5 8 Balance .. .. . . . . 60 b" 3 Advance from Treasury .. .. 50 0 0 Miscellaneous .. .. .. .. 0 15 I £720 1 3 £720 1 3

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