DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, PRISONS BRANCH (REPORT ON), FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st DECEMBER, 1911; ALSO OPERATION OF THE FIRST OFFENDERS' PROBATION ACT, 1908 (REPORT ON), FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st DECEMBER, 1911.

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1912 Session II, H-20

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Session 11. 1912. NEW ZEALAND.

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, PRISONS BRANCH (REPORT ON), FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st DECEMBER, 1911; ALSO OPERATION OF THE FIRST OFFENDERS' PROBATION ACT, 1908 (REPORT ON), FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st DECEMBER, 1911.

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

The Usdek-Secretaey, Department of Justice, to the Hon. the Minister of Justice. Department of Justice, Wellington, Ist July, 1912. I have the honour to present the report of the Inspector of Prisons for the } T ear ended 31st December last, together with extracts from the Gaolers' reports and the annual prison statistics. The report of the Inspector contains full references to the prison population for the last year, and I need not-recapitulate them. The new system of tenders for supplies to the gaols has worked well, and no complaints were received during the year. A new method of compiling the prison statistics has been adopted, which will, it is anticipated, ensure more accurate returns being obtained. Arrangements have been made to transfer the women prisoners at Lyttelton Prison to Addington, where the conditions will be much more suitable. Women prisoners from Dunedin will also be sent there, and the necessary steps are now being taken. The transfer of the female prisoners from Lyttelton Prison will afford scope for instituting some degree of classification at that prison, and will enable better provision to be made for workshop accommodation. Long-sentence prisoners at Dunedin will be sent to Lyttelton. As far as possible prisoners under twenty-five years of age will be sent to Invercargill, which is kept up to its full capacity. Additional accommodation will be available very shortly, when further rearrangements may be possible. Some extra privileges with regard to letter-writing have been granted to well-behaved prisoners, and an alteration has also been made with regard to the paper used for prisoners' correspondence. The Prison Regulations require revision and amendment. This is an important matter, and new regulations are now being drafted. I regret to record the death during last year of Mr. S. G. Millington, Gaoler at Wellington. He had served the Department faithfully and well for thirty-three years, and his loss will be much felt. C. B. Jordan.

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The Inspector of Prisons to the Under-Secretary for Justice Sir, — Department of Justice (Prisons Branch), 29th June, 1912. I have the honour to forward my report for the year ended 31st December, 1911. The number of persons in custody in the prisons of the Dominion at the beginning of 1911 was 881 (males, 801; females, 80), and at the end 873 (m., 812; f., 61). The number at the beginning of the previous year was 949 (m., 882; f., 67). The daily average of prisoners was 863-26 (m. 799-08; f., 64-18). Classified according to length of sentence or nature of custody, the above were distributed as follows : —

The Crimes Amendment Act, 1910, having come into operation in 1911, a new element was introduced, that of prisoners undergoing reformative treatment, which in a large measure destroys the comparison in detail of the statistics of the year under review with those of previous years. Comparing the numbers at January, 1910 and 1911, it will be seen that the reduction among ordinary prisoners has been more pronounced in those with longer sentences. The 9 additional habitual criminals—their residue must necessarily be an increasing factor —had they been treated as ordinary prisoners, would in all probability have been serving long hard-labour sentences; and" though a few of the habitual criminals carried over from the previous year may have completed an ordinary sentence and been discharged, the probabilities are in the direction of the majority being in the longer-sentence hard-labour class. Be that as it may, there were 68 fewer persons in custodj* at the end than at the beginning of 1910, and 8 fewer at the end of 1911. The above table must not be taken as giving a measure of the changes in the prison population throughout the 3 - ear, but accepted simply as a statement of the number of prisoners classified according to sentence at given dates. The totals at the beginning and end of 1911 are practically equal, but the details are rearranged showing a reduction of 25, 58, and 54 respectively in each of the hardlabour classes. The difference is accounted for in part by the larger number in custody awaiting trial or on remand, in part to prisoners transferred to the class of habitual criminals on the completion of the head sentence, but mainly to the provisions of the Crimes Amendment Act, 1910, which made it possible to sentence prisoners to reformative treatment with or without head sentences. A reference to Table G in the appendix shows that while in this class in 68 instances the prisoners received no original or head sentence, in a number of cases the head sentence was of short duration, with the result that at the end of the year, allowing for 7 discharges during the year, there were 81 (Maori prisoners not included) classed as receiving reformative treatment. Considering the specific crime and the character and antecedents of a number of those receiving reformative treatment, it may be presumed safely that under previous conditions a fair proportion would have been sentenced to hard labour for a year or upwards, and that the statistical ratio of the classification would have been maintained. The numerical relation of the different hardlabour classes at a given date shows an increasing number in custody as the sentence increases up to the year-and-over class—a condition of affairs which is reversed if the total number of admissions during the year be enumerated. In an enumeration of receptions the prisoner, especially if he belongs to the in-and-out section serving comparatively short terms, may be counted more than once. In this connection it may be noted that the more the Reformatory Institutions Act, 1909, is taken advantage of, the greater relatively should be the reduction of the shorter sentences of imprisonment to which the class of persons segregated under that Act are liable. Certain habitual criminals and persons sentenced to reformative treatment, being placed beyond mischief for a considerable period, are also excluded from contributing their quota.

1st January, 1910. 1st January, 1911. 31st December, 1911. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. Sentenced to simple imprisonment Sentenced to hard labour, under three months .. Sentenced to hard labour, three months and 1 under twelve Sentenced to hard labour, one year and upwards Habitual criminals Criminals receiving reformative treatment In custody waiting trial or on remand Debtors and persons of unsound mind 11 106 199 1 16 28 12 122 227 10 110 167 16 31 10 126 198 12 95 120 6 20 12 101 140 499 15 49 3 17 4 1 516 19 50 3 452 26 35 1 29 2 2 481 28 37 1 400 39 80 65 1 27 2 1 5 427 4.1 81 70 1 Total in custody 882 67 949 801 80 881 ! ! 812 61 873

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Hereunder, according to the form followed in Table B, the receptions during the year are compared with those in the previous year : —

Though this shows 4CB fewer admissions of criminals under sentence, it does not necessarily imply 468 fewer criminals. That there is a decided reduction is more than likely, but it may be that in the previous year a much larger number of prisoners were convicted several times. Taking these figures alone, and not going into questions of undetected crime, it is satisfactory to observe that apparently fewer offences were committed. But were there fewer offenders? Table F in the appendix is designed to answer this question. Here we are dealing with persons, not convictions, and therefore a prisoner is not counted more than once in the year in which, after conviction, he was admitted to the prison. For six years the total number of distinct persons (exclusive of Maoris) imprisoned after conviction is given, and also the ratio of prisoners to the general population. It will be seen at a glance that the year under review occupies a conspicuously favourable position, there being fewer persons convicted than in any of the five previous years (365 fewer than in 1910), and with a reduction in the criminal population coincident with an increase in the general population the fact is further emphasized. During 1911 there were 2,877 distinct persons imprisoned after conviction, a number which represents 28"35 per 10,000 of the general population. The next lowest ratio, 3T84, was in 1908, and the next lowest number of prisoners, 2,966, was in 1906, when the ratio was 3312 per 10,000. Mention has been made of prisoners in custody for reformative treatment under the provisions of the Crimes Amendment Act, 1910, and it may be of interest to summarize the procedure under that Act before subjecting to analysis the statistics created thereunder. A Judge before whom any person is convicted or committed for sentence may, if he thinks fit, " having regard to the conduct, character, associations, or mental condition of such person, the nature of the offence, or any special circumstances of the case," in addition to or in lieu of an ordinary term of imprisonment, sentence him to prison for reformatory purposes for a period not exceeding ten years. In like manner and after a like weighing of the circumstances a Magistrate may impose a similar sentence upon any person brought before him and summarily convicted of an offence punishable by imprisonment for more than three months, save that the maximum of reformative detention in that case is limited to three years. The length of the reformative part of the sentence actually served in prison in any particular case is determined by His Excellency the Governor upon recommendation as to probation, &c, made by the Prisons Board set up under the Act. The Board issues a statutory report of its operations. The sentence under this Act is an approach to the indeterminate, the moral force of which is undeniable. Many prisoners serving ordinary sentences, knowing the remission that can be obtained by marks, with the date of discharge in front of them, tend to settle into a negative state, in which they keep from actually offending, and labour just sufficiently to gain the allotted marks with a minimum of mental and physical exertion. (It may be stated, parenthetically, that, recognizing this, where the conditions of the prison and prisoner have made it possible, we have held out the hope of recommendation for special remission for the profitable employment by prisoners of time outside the ordinary working-hours, a reward to be obtained only when the prisoner's conduct and ordinary industry have also been good.) In the absence of an absolutely indeterminate sentence, the Act effects a good working compromise by placing the maximum period at ten years. The average reformative sentence imposed was about three years. One can only speculate in any particular case, but, speaking generally, we may safely assert that this average, especially if the original sentence be included, makes a higher average than would have been the case under ordinary sentences. It is a fact already noticed that those detained under this form of sentence realize that the period of their incarceration depends upon their conduct and industry, and the efforts that the majority are evidently making to gain their release upon probation justifies the hopes expressed when the Act was passed. One has observed that a number of these prisoners (especially the younger ones) are of lower mental capacity than the average, and that a fair proportion are advanced in years and crime, which makes the above statement the more significant. The total number of persons sentenced during the year to reformative treatment was 156 (males, 147; females, 9), and of this number 96 (m. 91; f., 5) had no original sentence or a short one, with the result that they entered upon the reformative part of the sentence during the year, leaving 60 (m., 56; f., 4) not emerged from the original hard-labour sentence.

Prisoners received. 1910. 1911. entenced to — Simple imprisonment Hard labour, under three months.. Hard labour, three months and under twelve Hard labour, one year and over Death Reformative treatment only 51 3,444 604 269 i 57 3,059 506 209 1 68 I 4,368 3,900

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Of the nine women sentenced a few words may be said here, in order that, being relatively so small a number, they may not unnecessarily complicate the calculations and deductions to follow. One was between 19 and 20, had two previous convictions and an alias; in the agerange 21 to 24 three were included, and in none of these was a previous conviction recorded; two came within the age-range 25 to 29, one with a previous conviction and an alias; one with an alias and nine previous convictions was in the age-range 35 to 39; and two, one with thirty previous convictions and the other with an alias, came within the age-range 45 to 49. The average height of these prisoners was 5 ft. 3 in. Among the male prisoners were eleven of the Native race, either of the full or half blood, and as they are included hereunder and it has been the custom to exclude them in statistics, especially where ratios to the general population are calculated, a brief summary now will allow of their being separated should the necessity arise. The youngest was 16; there were two aged 17 years, one with a previous conviction; one 18, with" a previous conviction; and one aged 20. The average height of these youths was 5 ft. 7 in. Of the remaining six, in the age-range 21 to 24 were three, against one of whom two previous convictions were recorded; in the age-range 25 to 29 were two, one with an alias and eight previous convictions, and the other with five convictions had served a long sentence; the eleventh was 32 years of age and had three previous convictions. The average height of the Maori prisoners 21 years of age and over was 5 ft. 7| in. An analysis possessing some interest will be found in the following table :- —

Showing Ages and Previous Convictions of Distinct Male Persons sentenced in 1911 to Reformative Treatment.

In this table the same prisoner does not figure more than once; this precaution was necessary because for additional offences two of the prisoners have received additional hard-labour and reformative sentences, one of them being a youth of 16 with a very sinister record. With the ages ranging from 15 to 65, the number under 25 years of age was 74. Thus, as 73 were over that age, half only were at what is presumed to be the more hopeful period for reform. Even if the juvenile-adult period be extended to all under 30, it will be seen that 44 prisoners are excluded. Though some of the younger prisoners were mentally or morally among the more degraded, this age division is something above a rough-and-ready classification. It will be observed that three-fourths of the prisoners had previous convictions recorded against them, and that of these rather more than a half had served at least one sentence of a year or upwards. To the majority, therefore, imprisonment had ceased to exercise the terrors with which it fills the neophyte in crime. As many as 63 out of 147 had one or more aliases, a clear indication of an entry upon a criminal career, and of these 1 had served a term as an habitual criminal. Of prisoners under 25 years of age, 49 had previous convictions, leaving 25 first offenders. Among the whole juvenile-adult class there were 71 with previous convictions, and 32 first offenders, who for some sufficient reason were not placed under probation under the First Offenders Act. Altogether, 36 only of the 147 persons convicted were first offenders. It is possible that some of them, in the absence of the Crimes Amendment Act, 1910, may have been admitted to probation—some borderland cases—not many; but the fall of 14 granted probation, under the First Offenders' Probation Act is not an unusual fluctuation, and does not encourage this belief. The following have been the numbers under that Act since it came into operation : 1908, 133; 1909, 80; 1910 103; 1911, 94. Among those without previous convictions included in the above table were 2, aged 18 and 19, who had been in Burnham (the total includes 11) and 4 (including 1 of these) were to the police as possessing aliases.

Age: (Yeai ■a). 15 a L6 ,, 18 a 19 a\ » 2 ! a to !4 25 to 29 a! 6 1 1 7 2 31 to 3; 14 ;to 4, )9 1> (to 48 14 1 to 50 to 51 II) 54 „ to >9 to 6S ,4 < to Total >9 All A a 6 17 3 3611 I for ges. )ne previous conviction 6 2 2 3 3 1 1 20 ? wo to five previous convictions 1 — 2 2 8 13 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 47 lix to ten previous convictions 1 - 2| 2 I II., 2 6J 2 111 IT 3 -1 l 1 4 1 -• 1 1314 710 27 )ver ten previous convictions 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 l| 17 ?otal previous convictions at each age 1 6 19! 7, 1 2 ! 2 _J_ 73 38 1 ! 111 1 4 4 I 7 8 5 8 2 1 2 1 l i lo previou.3 convictions 1 7 [ 4 .. 4 7 26 22 1 I 3 6 .1 3 11 7 8 | 7 6 5 10 37 29 15 2 1 .. 36 .. 147 'otal prisoners at each _age 1 17 13 4 1 {a) No sentence of on. yea. ''s imprisonment and over. (6) One se. tenc, at le. ,st of one yi iar' 's i, ipris. mmei it or o 'er.

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If, in the matter of baring a previous conviction, reformative-treatment prisoners (less Maoris) be compared with distinct-convicted persons received during the year, other than those sentenced to reformative treatment, the percentage proportions are as follows : — Reformative n+i.«» Treatment. Others - Males ... ... ... ... 77-20 55-13 Females ... ... ... ... ... ... 44-44 . 74-67 Total .. ... ... ... ... 75-17 5677 Among those sentenced to reformative treatment, 9 were convicted of sexual offences, of whom 6 were under 25 years of age. With the exception of the above, and one case of arson, the offences of prisoners sentenced to reformative treatment upon their first conviction were of an ordinary character not calling for special enumeration. Eighteen juvenile-adults among the above were, speaking generally, of the class upon whom the reformative influence of the indeterminate sentence may be expected to react beneficially. It must not be presumed that persons with previous offences are hopeless—-that that fact of itself makes it impossible to turn misdirected energy into a useful channel, or fit a man to adjust himself to a more moral environment; but the above table, read with the lengths of the head sentence in Table G in the appendix, demonstrates that a fair proportion of those sentenced to reformative treatment are, as a class, no better than prisoners serving moderately long hard-labour sentences. With this may be said to go the corollary that no considerable number of those sentenced to reformative treatment can be put into the same class. As far as possible selection has been made, and a number were placed at Invercargill, where they have open-air employment on the reclamation-works, and a number are tree-planting at the first-offenders' camp at Waipa, a place removed from public haunts and in an excellent climate. The site of the projected reformatory at Waikeria, near Kawa, on the Main Trunk Railway, is admirably suited for the purpose. The land, 1,200 acres, is good, and practically all ploughable, and the gravel in the streams is of proper quality and sufficient quantity for making cement blocks for prison-construction. Buildings have been erected by paid labour for 20 prisoners and the staff, with the intention of making a start, and that start should be made without delay. The Government possesses a more valuable asset in this property than can be figured on a balance-sheet. As giving some idea of the physique of those sentenced to reformative treatment, the following calculations have been based upon the height of the European prisoners. Of the youths, estimating height for age, about 29 per cent, were undersized, and 14 per cent, were on the tall side. Ihe average height, for what it is worth, may be stated at 5 ft. 5'95 in. The average height of those aged 21 years and over was 5 ft. 6"92 in. Ranging between 5 ft. 10J in. and 6 ft. 0| in. were B's per cent., and 30 per cent, ranged in height between 5 ft. 1 in. and 5 ft. 5f in. During the year the Prisons Board advised the release upon the following terms of 7 prisoners undergoing reformative treatment: 4 women and 1 man on probation adjusted to the needs of each case, 1 man unconditionally, and a youth on transfer to the Burnham Industrial School. The recommendations were given effect to. The question of release upon probation is an important one, whether it be under the First Offenders' Probation Act, or extended to habitual criminals, or prisoners undergoing reformative detention. Without wishing to minimize the role of heredity, it must be acknowledged that environment, even in its most restricted and least scientific sense, plays a very important part in the production of the criminal and his continuance in that character. In gaol his anti-social proclivities are repressed —frequently the bad criminal is a "good prisoner"—the environment is simplified, his life is ordered for him, and he soon recognizes that it is hard to kick against the pricks. When in due course the Board thinks fit to recommend his release, all the time and labour will have been wasted if on being turned into a complex world he should find and follow the line of least resistance. In a world rendered less complex by placing him in an occupation for which he is fitted, in a suitable locality, and for a time keeping over him the hand of the law, unseen but lightly touching, sufficiently to steady him, he will find conditions to which he is able to adjust himself. Hitherto, release on probation has not presented the difficulties which one foresees, because, the number dealt with being comparatively small, it has been possible to find suitable occupation and to make arrangements for periodical reporting; but the time is approaching when more extensive and systematic arrangements must be made. The valuable work done by voluntary bodies, especially the Prisoners' Aid Societies, should be co-ordinated with any scheme introduced. The matter has been discussed with the Visiting Adviser, and the scheme he has drafted commends itself as being on practical lines, making provision as it does for seeking out employment in anticipation, instigating necessary investigations regarding its suitability, placing the probationer therein, reporting on his progress, and carrying out adequate supervision without having recourse to police surveillance. Table C in the appendix divides the distinct-convicted persons received during the year according to degree of education. The influence of education on statistics of crime is interesting. It has been observed that, in general, the more liberally educated a people the less tendency there is to crime, especially to crimes of violence. (One excludes from the category of crime, for obvious reasons, the irresponsible acts of mentally defective persons.) In some countries endemic forms of crime, which have defied the severe penalties of the law for centuries, are of recent years, with the advancement of education among the people, tending to steadily disappear. Without exception, our older Warders and Gaolers when questioned have stated that they have not now to contend with the desperate and dangerous class of criminals with which they had to deal when first they entered the service. Tn this case due allowance must, of course, be made for more humane

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methods. Our prisoners of better education are seldom criminals who have of set purpose employed their higher accomplishments in the commission of crime, in the manner of the professional criminal, but are mainly persons debased by drink, men who have made themselves " the beggar's companion and the constable's trouble." With us the main interest lies in prisoners with a very low standard of education. The facilities for learning to read and write in all British possessions argues —in the case, at any rate, of persons under middle age who cannot —that at the school age they must have played truant or been abnormally backward, or were neglected by their parents and others. When the school age had passed there was a significant lack of ambition in not attempting to overcome the handicap. Where any neglected person attempts to remedy his inability to read and write by so much as learning to read only, the implied initiative and perseverance immediately places him on a higher plane of citizenship. One naturally looks for a disproportionate number of illiterates among prisoners as compared with the free population. Ihe actual number of prisoners classified according to education will be found in the table referred to, the significance of which will be greater when rearranged as hereunder : —

Percentage Proportion of Distinct-convicted Persons calculated on the Prison Population compared with the Percentage Proportion of Free Persons aged 15 Years and over calculated on the Free Population of the same Age, showing those with a Very Low Standard of Education, those who Cannot Read, and those who Can Read but Cannot Write.

Thus placed the figures speak for themselves. Special attention should be directed to the relative differences between the absolutely illiterate and those who can read but have not learnt to write. In the prisons there are not yet adquate facilities for the education of prisoners in school subjects, but something is being done. The actual number of prisoners for whom such instruction is indicated is comparatively few, and as these have been sentenced for varying periods for various offences, which to a large extent precludes their being grouped into classes in any one prison, difficulties were placed in the way of appointing an officer exclusively for this work. When any illiterate prisoner has expressed a desire to learn writing or simple arithmetic, arrangements have been made for him to work in his cell, and submit his exercises to an officer who has undertaken the supervision. Arrangements have also been made by supplying books and other facilities for some prisoners to pursue a higher branch of study. At Invercargill, where a number of ill-educated youths is collected, there have been for some time regular evening classes. The general health of the prisoners has been satisfactory. A few who were on the sicklist for long periods (three at Auckland were ill for an average of 324 days), and a number who suffered for recurrent complaints (at Napier one prisoner was ill on eleven distinct occasions), combined to magnify the returns. Altogether 242 prisoners were ill on 353 occasions, any occasion incapacitating the patient for more than forty-eight hours, however insignificant the malady, being included. The sick, so estimated, were 4 - 04 per cent, of the total (after deducting transfers from one prison to another) of all persons in custody during the year. In Table A the total of the column dealing with the greatest number ill at any one time is given as 47. It must be understood that there were never so many ill on a given date, but the figure is the aggregate of the maximum return from each prison. The daily average of all prisoners sick was under 12. Twenty-nine prisoners were sent to the general hospital for treatment. Six deaths occurred in prison, as against 8 in the previous year —4 at Auckland and 1 each at Wellington and Lyttelton. The condition of the teeth of prisoners has been under consideration, and in a number of cases, especially of long-sentence prisoners, instructions were issued to have defects remedied. There were 8 escapes during the year —the same number as in the previous year : Invercargill 2, Wellington 2, and 1 each from Waipa, Gisborne, and Hokitika, and one by jumping off the train when being escorted from Dunedin to Invercargill. In one case the prisoner was not recaptured. There were 413 prison offences recorded against 252 prisoners, the details of which are given in the appendix.

Degree of Education. Prisoners: Per Cent, of Prison Population. Free Persons aged 15 Years and over: Per Cent, of Free Population aged 15 Years and over. lales 'emales Cannot read Low standard Can read only Cannot read Low standard Can read only Cannot read Low standard Can read only f3-60 4-20 <! [0-60 f3-36 3-78 -\ L0-42 f3-58 4-17^ [0-59 fO-95 1-42 «| fl-07 1-81 <( [0-74 fO-95 1-52^ [0-56 loth sexes

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Regarding our prisons, speaking generally, errors in design and construction make the difficulties of classification extreme. Of the larger prisons, those at Auckland and Invercargill are the only ones which possess any facilities. At Auckland the buildings are well constructed, and the progress being made with the new wing ensures the early abandonment of the last of the old wooden cell-houses. The work once completed, and the female wing transferred to the male prison, there will be separate sections and exercise-yards "for different classes of prisoners. A small female prison conveniently situated within the estate should take the place of the female wing. Ihe buildings are being erected by prison labour. The principal industry at this prison is stone quarrying and dressing for the buildings, and stone-breaking for road-metal, which is sold, and provides a profitable outlet for unskilled labour. The Invercargill Prison is in the course of being built; at present it is a one-story structure with foundations permitting a second story, which is to be added. During the year a chapelschoolroom with a basement for engine, dynamo, and cells for electric-light installation was completed, and a start was made with a two-story block of hospital ward and accessories, warders' quarters, and prison cells. The whole work has been and continues to be done by prison labour. The cement blocks used in the construction are well and expedi.tiously made by prisoners. The good quality of these blocks has raised a local demand, which has been supplied at a profit. The principal employment of the prisoners is upon the reclamation-works, which are being carried out in a very satisfactory manner. The prison at Wellington has been added to at different periods under different emergencies, with no completed plan in view. The result has been that, save in the last substantial brick addition, there is difficulty in carrying out the supervision necessary, and there are some decidedly weak points which it is almost impossible to remedy satisfactorily. In the workshops boots are manufactured, the work being of a very fair standard. The circumscribed site of the prison limits the chances of occupation, and, to find an outlet for the labour of the prisoners, brickmaking is carried out at Mount Cook. There is a complete plant and the work done is distinctly good, but the gang of prisoners with attendant warders marching to and from work through the public streets affords an unedifying spectacle. It seems apparent that this prison will have to be abandoned for one built to an approved plan on a more suitable site. Most civilized countries are considering the question of reorganization of their prison systems, and all are agreed that the design of the buildings is a most important factor in any scheme. Our neighbours in New South Wales have realized this to the extent of abandoning large and substantially built prisons. The Lyttelton Prison is a strong building, but its design frustrates any attempt at complete classification of the prisoners. The exercise-yard is disproportionately small, and adds to the difficulties of keeping the different classes apart. The removal of the female prison would assist to some extent in overcoming these difficulties. The space within the walls available for the employment of prisoners is inadequate. Ihere is nothing to be added to what has been said hitherto about the Dunedin Prison building, and the same remark applies to Napier. At both these institutions the work has been carried out as in former years. New Plymouth Prison is becoming more and more a place for habitual criminals. The principal outlets for labour are in the quarry and garden. The number of habitual criminals here accommodated during 1911 were as follows: At the beginning of the year there were in custody 28 prisoners (m., 26; f., 2); during the year 27 (m. 24; f., 3) were received, and 15 (m. 12; f., 3) were released upon probation : leaving at the end of the year 40 (m., 38; f., 2). There was a male habitual criminal not included above detained in the Dunedin Prison throughout the year. The prison camps at Hanmer, Waipa, and Waiotapu are doing excellent work. Recognizing that these prisons could serve a valuable purpose in rehabilitating a certain class of offenders, the Department has exercised very careful consideration in the appointment of officers and the selection of prisoners. The result has been a substantial improvement in the order and discipline of the camps, the reduction of the evils of criminal contamination to a minimum, and, there is reason to believe, the introduction of a distinct reformative agency. In addition to clearing firebreaks, road-making, &c, the prisoners at the camps cleared 1,110 acres for planting, and planted 3,042,143 trees during the year. The work of the Prisons Department has grown very considerably during the year under review, and I wish to acknowledge the substantial assistance and advice I have received from Mr. Kayll. You are aware of my opinion that he should be appointed Superintendent (or whatever may be considered the appropriate title) of the Waikeria Reformatory, an institution which it is intended to conduct on lines differing from the ordinary prison routine, but not, let it be clearlv understood, upon any system of feather-bed and spoon-feeding. I have stated that the work of the Department has grown and is growing. I wish to add that it is, with the time at my disposal, impossible for me, under present circumstances, to carry out the inspection of the prisons in the complete manner in which the work should be done. I am strongly impressed with the absolute necessity of a system of inspection by some officer whose duty it, would be to continualh T move about to see that the daily routine of discipline and duty is carried out in an efficient and uniform manner. The want of uniformity is a fruitful source of discontent and complaint, especially with prisoners who have served a former sentence in another prison or been transferred; and I was particularly struck by a remark made by a prisoner who had served a sentence in another country, where the discipline was strict and the conditions hard, that he preferred it, because here different officers had different methods, and he never knew where he stood. The strictest discipline is compatible with the most humanitarian methods, when what constitutes discipline and responsibility is viewed from an enlightened standpoint. I have, <fec, Frank Hay,

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FIRST OFFENDERS' PROBATION ACT. Table J shows that 94 persons were placed on probation, as against 108 in IUIO. Of these 28 have so far satisfactorily carried out the terms of their licenses and been discharged; 7 have been rearrested, 1 absconded, 2 were granted permission to leave the Dominion, and 56 still remain under the supervision of the Probation Officers. The amounts ordered to be paid by the various Courts towards the costs of prosecution amount to £343 4s. Bd., of which sum £196 9s. 4d. has already been paid.

GAOLERS' REPORTS FOR 1911. AUCKLAND PRISON. Sib,—- H.M. Prison, Auckland, 24th January, 1912. I have the honour to forward the annual report on this prison for the year 1911, together with the usual returns for expenditure, &c. On the first day of the year there were 215 male and 13 female prisoners, total 228, in custody. During the year 1,521 males and 136 females, total 1,657, were received. As compared with the previous year, 1910, this shows a decrease of 168 males, and an increase of 11 females; total decrease, 157: The number of prisoners in custody at the commencement of the year who had been declared habitual criminals was 19. Seven were sentenced during the year, and 1 was received on transfer, making a total of 27. Thirteen were transferred to New Plymouth Prison on the expiration of their definite sentences; leaving 14 persons who had been declared habitual criminals in custody at the close of the year. During the year 55 males and 4 females were received from the Courts on sentences of various terms for reformative purposes. Two were received on transfer from other prisons, making a total of 61. Of this number, 22 were transferred to other prisons, leaving 39 reforma-tive-treatment prisoners in custody at the end of the year. These prisoners are included in the total number of prisoners received. The daily average number of prisoners was 250'40, as against 288"49 in the year 1910, a decrease of 38'09. The greatest and the least number of prisoners in custody at any one time was 289 and 221 respectively. During the year 1,480 males and 127 females, total 1,607, were discharged, leaving 256 males and 22 females, total 278, in custody on the 31st December last. There were no complaints from prisoners about the quality of the rations issued to them, and I consider the contractors carried out the conditions of their contracts satisfactorily. There were 273 minor breaches of the prison regulations, which were dealt with by the Visiting Justices as follows: Cautioned, 70; bread-and-water, 65; forfeiture of marks, 141. There were three aggravated offences, and these were tried in open Court by a Stipendiary Magistrate, and punished by forfeiture of marks. One concerted act of disobedience to orders, of which the Justices took a very lenient view, accounts for 123 of the minor offences, and also for the comparatively large figures. I consider that, on the whole, the general conduct of the prisoners during the year has been good. During the year 8 males were sent to the Auckland Hospital. The daily average of sick prisoners in that institution was 039, as compared with I*6B in the previous year. There was one execution during the year. There were 4 deaths during the year, lat the District Hospital and 3at the prison. In each case of a death at the prison a post-mortem examination was made, and an inquest held, and the jury, in accordance with the medical testimony, brought in a verdict of " Death from natural causes." In the former case, at the Auckland Hospital, the prisoner died from cirrhosis of the liver and heart-disease. The industry of the prisoners has been good, with few exceptions. The following is a review of the more important work performed during the year : Continuing the erection of the south and west wings of the prison. On this work about three-fourths of the prisoners have been employed, and very good progress has been made. Ten cells on the first floor of the south wing have been occupied, and a similar number on the second floor are also ready for occupation, with the exception of three which require the doors to be fixed. The first and second floors in the west wing are now occupied. On the third floor of this wing good progress has been made, and it is expected that it will be ready for the roof in three months' time. Our single-cell accommodation, has been increased by 45 during the past year. The new building is now so far advanced that when the baths have been fixed in the west wing a commencement should be made to remove the old wooden buildings and rearrange the exercise-yard accommodation. In connection with the new building, quarrying, blacksmithing, carpentering, and general labouring-work are carried out by the prisoners under skilled supervision. Good work has been done in the various workshops —namely, carpenters', blacksmiths', tinsmiths', bootmakers', tailors', &c.

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There have been several changes in the stafi of the prison during the year, due to resignations, transfers, dismissal, the termination of the services of three probationary officers, and the transfer of the official head of the prison. The male subordinate staff now stands at 34 officers, which includes 1 temporary officer. The female officers are the Matron and 1 temporary assistant matron. At Fort Cautley Prison there were 20 prisoners up till the 30th May, and 30 for th« remainder of the year, making an average of 25'91 stationed there. Good progress has been made on the fortification-works, including making of gunpits, magazines, &c, also roadmaking, stone-breaking, Ac. The , female prisoners have been employed, as in former years, washing and the making and repairing of prison clothing. The First Offenders' Probation Act. There were 10 males and 2 females on probation on the Ist January, 1911. During the year 18 males were sentenced to various terms of probation (13 at the Supreme Court and 5 at the Magistrate's Court), and 5 were transferred from other districts, making a total of 35. 5 males and 2 females, total 7, whose terms of probation expired during the year, carried out the conditions of their licenses satisfactorily; 3 absconded; 1 received a sentence for another offence committed during his term of probation, and also was sentenced for the breach of his license of conditional liberty; and 7 were transferred to other districts; total, 18; leaving 17 males on probation at the end of the year. In addition to these there were also 5 habitual criminals on probation, 2 of whom were transferred here during the year, and, I may add, have so far carried out the conditions of their licenses satisfactorily. I have, &c, H. McMurrat, Acting-Gaoler and Probation Officer. The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington.

DUNEDIN PRISON. Sir, — H.M. Prison, Dunedin, 14th January, 1912. I have the honour to submit to you the annual report on this prison for the year ended 31st December, 1911, and also to forward the usual returns, expenditure, &c. I was appointed Gaoler here in November last, and commenced my duties in that capacity on the 13th of that month. There were in confinement on the Ist January, 1911, 51 males and 7 females; the numbers received were 280 males, 34 females, and represent 247 and 28 individual persons of the respective sexes. Discharges during the same period numbered 302 males, 38 females, leaving 29 males and 3 females in custody on the last day of the j r ear. The daily average was 39"50 males and 3'22 females; the greatest number of both sexes at one time was 56, and the least number 29. The conduct, health, and industry of prisoners was good. Seven males underwent secondary punishment —bread-and-water diet —for breaches of the regulations, all minor offences. There were no aggravated prison offences. Two males, one suffering from an affection of the eyes, and the other from Hodkgins' disease, were sent to the District Hospital for curative treatment, and at the close of the year were still inmates of that institution. One female was also treated there for uterine disease, cured, and discharged in the ordinary course. The daily average sick was o'7l. _ There were no lunatics committed, and no prisoners declared habitual criminals. At the Supreme Court 14 males and 2 females were sentenced to be detained for reformative purposes for periods of from twelve months to five years; 6 of the number, including 1 female, were awarded hard-labour sentences of three months to two years in addition. There were no reformative cases received from the lower Courts. The quality of the rations was good, and there were no complaints from prisoners. This also applies to all necessaries supplied by the contractors, who carried out the conditions imposed in every respect. , In the city, prisoners were employed making coir mats, and m keeping the prison, the Supreme Court, the police-station, and the grounds of these institutions in order. At Taiaroa Heads, where 18 prisoners were stationed throughout the year, a considerable amount of good work was done, some of which was as follows: Battery at Howlett Point completed; removal of the obsolete 7 in. guns, accessories, ammunition, &.c, from Harrington Point; putting in waterservice from reservoir to 6 in. battery; keeping in order some one mile and a half of the Heads Road; clearing slips; repairing sea-wall, &c. The Government buildings —viz., prison, Artillery Barracks, telephone-station, and two cottages —were put in thorough repair, cleaned, and received three coats of paint inside and out, the outbuildings being similarly treated. Cartage of all supplies and material of every description for the Defence, Public Works, and Marine Departments was done by prison labour. The female prisoners were employed at washing and laundrywork, and keeping their division clean. _ Divine service was conducted each Sunday, either by Mr. Cummmg, the prison chaplain, or some clergyman or member of one of the Churches. The officers' conduct was good, and they carried out their duties satisfactorily.

2—H. 20.

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The First Offenders' Probation Act. On the Ist January, 1911, there were 4 males on the register of this district. During the year 8 males and 1 female were placed on probation; 1 male was transferred from another district, making 14, the total number dealt with—viz., 13 males, 1 female. For the same period 3 males completed their terms satisfactorily; 4 males were transferred to other districts; 1 male for the commission of a fresh offence received a sentence of three months' hard labour; and 1 male for failing to comply with the conditions of his release was sentenced to detention for reformative purposes for twelve months. Nine males were accordingly struck off the register, leaving 4 males and 1 female on the books on the last day of the year. The habitual criminal released on probation, referred to in the annual report for the year 1910, absconded. I have, &c, T. R. Pointon, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Gaoler and Probation Officer.

HANMER SPRINGS PRISON. Sir, — H.M. Prison, Hanmer Springs, 3rd January, 1912. I have the honour to submit the following report on the working of this prison for the year ended 31st December, 1911. There were 16 prisoners in custody on the Ist January; 34 males were received, and 15 discharged during the year, the average number in custody being 21'29. Seven prisoners were transferred during the year, 1 to the prison camp for first offenders at Waipa, and 6to Lyttelton. Four of these latter had been reported for minor prison offences, and were generally unsuitable for this place; the other two were sent for surgical treatment. With the few exceptions mentioned above, the conduct of prisoners has been very good, and the work done on the plantations exceeds, on an average, that of any previous year, although many days were lost owing to the weather, which was exceptionally bad throughout the year. The general health of prisoners has been very good. There was practically no sickness, except of a very slight nature, during the year. The new common room proved a great comfort, and was very much appreciated by the prisoners, especially during the winter, which was very cold, there being hard frosts and heavy falls of snow. The rations have been of the very best quality and regularly supplied. One officer was transferred to Lyttelton Prison during the year. The prisoners carried out the following work during the year : Cleared 220 acres; pits dug, 440,475; trees planted — Larix europcea, 111,000; Pinus austriaca, 379,740; Pinus ponderosa, 11,725; Pinus muricata, 5,500; Alnus glvtinosa, 440: total, 508,405. I have, &c, W. Ayling, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Acting-Gaoler.

IXVERCARGILL PRISON. Sir, H.M. Prison, Invercargill, 25th March, 1912. I have the honour to submit the following report on the working of this prison for the year ended 31st December, 1911. There were in custody on the Ist January, 1911, 65 males and no females; received during the year, 102 males and 2 females; total, 167 males and 2 females. Discharged during the year, 106 males and 2 females. In custody at the end of the year, 61 males. The conduct of the officers has been good, only 2 having been reported for neglect of duty. In the first case, that of a temporary officer, you decided that his services should be dispensed with. In the other you considered that a severe reprimand would meet the case. There were 3 male lunatics received during the year, and several other prisoners who were suffering- from the effects of drink, but under the existing arrangements all were removed to the hospital for treatment, on the recommendation of the Gaol Surgeon and by Visiting Justices' warrant. This arrangement continues to work most satisfactorily, and is in the best interests of all concerned. The quality of the rations supplied has been good, consequently there have been no complaints. The system you have recently introduced of purchasing in bulk tends towards economy, and also ensures a better article being supplied. The conduct of the prisoners has, as a whole, been good. All punishments, with one exception were for minor prison offences. In nearly every case the misconduct took place shortly after reception, but when a youth realizes that punishment for offending is certain he speedily recognizes the necessity of strict obedience, and seldom offends again. The Crimes Amendment Act is having a decidedly good effect. Prisoners sentenced thereunder recognize that the term of their detention depends largely upon their conduct and industry, and that in the event of their misbehaving themselves such conduct will be regarded as an indication that they have not acquired the habit of self-control, and consequently are not fit to be released. This has a marked influence upon conduct, and it is very rarely that a prisoner in this class has to be punished. I am quite certain that, as the provisions of the Act become better known, even better results will be obtained.

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Two prisoners escaped and 1 attempted to escape during the year; 2 were recaptured by prison officers, and 1 by the police. In each case a sentence of twelve months' additional imprisonment was ordered. Owing to the locality of the principal works and the youthfulness of the majority of prisoners located here, it may be expected that escapes and attempted escapes will at times occur, no matter how vigilant the staff may be. The new prison is proving very suitable for its purpose, and is a distinct advance on the old institution, but much yet remains to be done. From long experience and personal observation I feel certain that no scheme of prison reform can be properly administered unless suitable buildings are provided. Proper classification must be made before any really good work can be done, and in order to do this the means for entirely separating the various classes of prisoners must be available. When the new wing at present in course of construction is completed it will be possible to give effect to a proper classification scheme with every prospect of success. The various works in connection with prison-extension are progressing favourably. The new church, schooh'oom, workshop, dynamo-house, and the storage-battery room have been completed. Electric light has been installed throughout the building. The additions to the south wing have received the second story, and should be ready for occupation next year. This will provide accommodation for 40 additional prisoners and for 7 single officers, and also a prison hospital with dispensary and isolation ward. The whole of the additions are being erected in hollow concrete blocks, and the manufacture of the blocks and the building of the wing is being carried out by prison labour. The additional accommodation is urgently required, and should be pushed on with all speed. The material for two additional married officers' cottages are on the ground, and I hope to have both finished in a few months' time. The concrete-block industry continues to prosper. This form of building is steadily growing in favour. In my opinion concrete blocks as a building-material cannot be surpassed, and are much superior to bricks. They would be most suitable for the purpose of building railwaystations, drill-halls, schools, or other Government buildings, and, besides providing work for. a large number of prisoners, would enable the Government to build with concrete at a less cost than timber. The market-garden industry is still carried on with profit, but owing to the large amount of other work in hand at present it is not being developed to its full extent. The work of reclaiming 2,450 acres of the Estuary flats is progressing very satisfactorily, and I hope to have the work completed within the time agreed upon. It is a large undertaking, involving the using of a considerable amount of machinery. The only difficulty experienced is that we have not accommodation for a sufficient number of men to carry on the work properly. When the new wing is completed this difficulty will be overcome. A bridge 19 chains in length has been built across the river to give access to the prison-area now being reclaimed. An embankment 14 chains in length has been built, making an approach to the bridge, and a tramway has been laid for the whole distance of 33 chains, thus connecting the prison with the site. I am pleased to say that the system introduced over two years ago, by way of experiment, of transferring youths to this prison still continues. Practically all the prisoners confined in this prison are first offenders and under thirty years of age. Many of them require both a mental and a physical training. This training is being given, and the results are distinctly encouraging. In this connection evening classes were established over two years ago, and a*re still carried on. The average attendance at school numbers 30. The usual standards are observed, and every prisoner under twenty-five years of age is obliged to attend until he can pass the Fourth Standard. After this his attendance becomes optional, but all such youths are encouraged to take up some special line of study. In some cases a study of electrical engineering has been carried on through the International Correspondence schools. Other studies are also followed through the medium of text-books. School is held on three evenings per week, the hours from 6 p.m. till 7.30 p.m. being devoted to lessons, and from 7.30 p.m. till 8 p.m. to physical drill. Divine service continues to be held every Sunday. The ministers of the various denominations attend in turn, assisted by Mr. McLean, City Missionary. The Roman Catholic prisoners have services once a month, and a weekly evening class for religious instruction presided over by the Rev. Dean Burke and Father Kavanagh. The Fiest Offenders' Probation Act. During the year 9 males were placed on probation, and 1 received on transfer from another district; 4 completed their terms of probation satisfactorily and were discharged, and the remaining 6 continue to carry out satisfactorily the conditions of their release. I have, &c, M. Hawkins, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Gaoler and Probation Officer.

LYTTELTON PRISON. g IR * H.M. Prison, Lyttelton, 13th January, 1912. I have the honour to submit the following report on the working of this prison, and to forward statistics for year ended 31st December, 1911. At the beginning of the year there were 125 male and 20 female prisoners in custody, 11 males being habitual criminals; 569 males and 70 females were received, of whom 6 males were declared habitual criminals and 28 ordered.to be detained for reformative treatment. Of the females

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received, 5 were sentenced to various terms for reformative treatment; but, as 84 males and 15 females were admitted more than once, the individual prisoners received were 485 males and 53 females. During the year 566 males and 80 females were discharged or otherwise disposed of, viz. : Males—on remission, 46; at expiration of sentence, 333; acquitted and after remand, 121; habituals transferred to New Plymouth when sentences were served, 7; transferred to other prisons, 41; to Burnham Industrial School, 8; to police, 7; and to mental hospital, 3. Of the females discharged, 19 were on remission, 46 at expiration of sentence, 8 acquitted and. after remand, 3 were transferred to another prison, 3 to Te Oranga Home, and 1 to the Salvation Army Rescue Home. There were remaining in custody at the end of the year 128 males and 10 females, 10 males being habitual criminals, and 20 for reformative treatment. Amongst the females remaining in custody 1 is for reformative treatment, in addition to serving a sentence. As the number of prisoners ordered to be detained for reformative treatment increases, the problem of how to employ them suitably becomes harder to solve. A few of the youths are employed as wardsmen and cleaners, but the bulk of them have perforce to mix with and perform the same work as the ordinary prisoners. This is not conducive to their best interests, nor can their minds be expected to improve under those conditions. The necessary accommodation is lacking, and I would suggest that a separate institution be found for the female prisoners, and the female wing utilized for males detained for reformative treatment, provided that suitable work can be found for them. The chief industries carried on at this prison are tailoring and bootmaking. The longsentence prisoners are put to this class of work, in which some of them take a keen interest. The work is undoubtedly well done, and will compare favourably with work of the same class turned out by private firms. As none of the prisoners are tradesmen, all of them being taught here, it is surprising how soon they become competent to do the work. I would be glad if tailoring could be done here for other Departments, as double the number of prisoners could then be employed. As it is, it is frequently difficult to find employment for all the prisoners. A daily average of 41 prisoners has been employed working for the Borough Council —one party quarrying, dressing stone, and breaking road-metal; another party forming a new street, widening another street, building retaining-walls, widening the approach to the public cemetery, and building a handsome wall of dressed red stone, and in laying out, levelling, and grassing reserves. Excellent work has been done and permanent improvements effected which are a distinct benefit to the borough. Another small party has been employed at the Artillery Barracks, where, in addition to completing the drainage commenced last year, building lavatories, &c, they have also been quarrying, dressing, and carting stone for the building of a high retaining-wall where a tennis-court is to be formed. They have also done work at the Forts on Ripa Island as occasion required. The conduct of the prisoners generally has been good. There were 24 males and 2 females punished, 2of the males being dealt with by the Stipendiary Magistrate. Taking into account the class of prisoners confined in Lyttelton Prison, the number of punishments are not excessive. In every prison there is a small section of malcontents who occasionally set authority at defiance, and have to be dealt-with by the Visiting Justices. It also frequently happens that they influence others to commit themselves, and in this way punishments become more frequent. There has been no escape or attempted escape during the year. The health of the prisoners has been good, although there has been a daily average of 3 males on the sick-list. This is accounted for by 4 males having been sent to the District Hospital, where 3of them remained till their sentences expired. One of them afterwards died in the Hospital, and 1 is still in that institution, although his sentence expired over three months ago. Two of these prisoners were suffering from incurable diseases when admitted to prison, and never did a day's work, so they cannot be said to have become sick in prison. The fourth was returned to prison when well. One female prisoner was also in hospital for over five months; she was ill when admitted here. Had it not been for these cases there would have been very little sickness, for the remaining cases were trifling ailments, the prisoners being confined to their cells for a day or two only. One prisoner serving sentence was certified insane and transferred to the Sunnyside Mental Hospital. The quality of food supplied has again been' excellent. I would recommend, however, that some variation be made in the diet, which could be done at a minimum of extra expense. The spiritual welfare of the prisoners has again been well cared for, three Church services being held each Sunday, and the local clergymen visiting at other times giving interviews to prisoners of their respective denominations. The Salvation Army officers and Mr. Smail (evangelist) also attend every Saturday afternoon and interview the prisoners. Any that require help on discharge are offered admission into the Army Home until employment is found for them. Several changes have taken place in the prison staff during the year from various causes. The services of the previous Chief Warder were dispensed with in January of last year. One temporary warder was discharged as unsuitable, and another temporary warder resigned. One Matron also resigned. Other officers have been appointed to fill the vacancies. In a former report I made reference to the class of officers required when making appointments to the prison service. Every endeavour is being made to obtain the services of the best men possible. Although the conditions obtaining now are much better than they were some years ago, the remuneration and prospects are not sufficient to attract the best class of men. Those having such qualifications and the degree of education as would enable them to obtain a good position in life do not make application to join the service, men who would be suitable preferring to enter the Police Force, where the scale of pay is higher and the life more pleasant; hence an inferior class of men has to be taken on. Those after a time become negligent and indifferent about retaining an office when the pay on joining is not equal to that of an ordinary labourer,

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and this results in a frequent change of officers. It should be borne in mind that to get men endowed with the necessary qualifications to undertake the responsible duties required of them, a higher remuneration should be offered than that by which their services could be obtained in ordinary employment, when the moral qualities of the individual are but slightly scanned, and where he is exempt from many restrictions and responsibilities to which a prison officer must of necessity be subjected. The lowest-grade officer should be a person superior to the ordinary run of men, that he may constantly present to those who may come under his charge an example worthy of imitation. The First Offenders' Probation Act. There was 1 male on probation at the commencement of the year; he is satisfactorily carrying out the conditions of his license. One habitual criminal released on probation from New Plymouth Prison came to reside and work in this district, and reports himself to me regularly. I have, &c, A. W. Ironside, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Gaoler and Probation Officer.

NAPIER PRISON. Sir, — H.M. Prison, Napier, 17th January, 1912. I have the honour to forward the annual report on the working of this prison for the year ending 31st December, 1911. There were in custody at the commencement of the year 28 males and 2 females; 244 males and 18 females were received, and 248 males and 19 females discharged during the year, leaving in custody at the end of the year 24 males and 1 female. The health of the prisoners has been good, with the following exceptions : Two chronic cases, one of partial paralysis and one of rheumatism; one case of enteric, which developed immediately after admission. This prisoner was sent to the District Hospital, and was discharged convalescent, his sentence having expired in the meanwhile. Also one male lunatic, who was sent to the Porirua Mental Hospital, he having formerly been an inmate of that institution. The conduct of the prisoners has been good, only 3 cases having been dealt with by the Visiting Justice. The rations have been of the best quality, and regularly supplied. The prisoners have been mainly employed at the prison quarry procuring material for the local bodies. A certain number were employed for three months building a concrete basement for the Boys' Home. The trustees were well satisfied with this work. The First Offenders' Probation Act. There were 2 males on the probation register on the Ist January; 2 males and 1 female were placed on probation during the year; 2 males completed their term with satisf-action, 1 male and 1 female were transferred to other districts, leaving 1 male on the register at the end of the year; also 1 male reported on probation from New Plymouth, having been discharged under the Habitual Criminals Act, 1908, and retransferred to the Auckland District. I have, &c, A. A. Gideon, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Gaoler and Probation Officer.

NEW PLYMOUTH PRISON. Sir, — H.M. Prison, New Plymouth, 23rd January, 1912. I have the honour to report herewith on the working of this prison for year ending 31st December, 1911. There were 49 males (including 26 habitual criminals) and 4 females (including 2 habitual criminals) in custody at the commencement of the year. There were 110 males (including 24 habitual criminals) and 5 females (including -3 habitual criminals) received during the year, 98 males, of whom 12 were habituals, and 7 females, 3 of whom were habituals, were discharged; leaving in custody at end of year 61 males, of whom 38 were habituals, and 2 females, both habitual criminals. Employment or homes were found for all habituals discharged, and also for a large number of hard-labour prisoners and others discharged after remand, &c. A number of these are doing well. The health of prisoners has been good. Three males were admitted to the hospital. Of these 2 required hospital treatment on admission. The conduct and industry of the prisoners has been good. The rations and meat supplied have been of excellent quality, and an abundance of vegetables supplied from the prison garden.

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The prisoners have been employed principally in the quarry. The sum of £332 Os. 4d. was received for sale of metal and gravel. The accounts for December which are still outstanding amount to £72 6s. 6d. There was also at the end of year over £150 worth of metal broken and ready for delivery. This was owing to the long spell of wet weather during the latter part of the year, when very little carting could be done. The conduct of the officers has been good. The First Offenders' Probation Act. There was no one placed on probation in this district during the year. One youth was transferred from another district, and is carrying out the conditions of his probation in a satisfactory manner. I have, &c, J. Coyle, Gaoler, Manager, and Probation Officer. The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington.

WAIOTAPU PRISON. Sir, —■ H.M. Prison, Waiotapu, sth February, 1912. I have the honour to report on the working of this prison for the year ending 31st December, 1911. I took charge of the prison on the 15th June, 1911, on transfer from Wellington Prison. The following are the statistics of population for the year : In custody on Ist January, 1911, 45 males; received during the year, 31 males; discharged and transferred during the year, 47 males; in custody at the end of the year, 29 males; daily average, 34'82 males. The health of the prisoners has been excellent, there being only 14 minor cases of sickness during the year, and 4 cases of accidents on the works. One prisoner required medical attention to remove a'splinter from the arm. The other accidents were slight cuts, and in no instance left any disfigurement or permanent injury. The conduct of the prisoners has been, on the whole, very satisfactory, and it is gratifying to see the great interest and intelligence shown in the work. Only on two occasions was it found necessary for the Visiting Magistrate to deal with offenders. Very good progress has been made during the closing months of the year in the erection of permanent buildings at the new camp site on the Kaingaroa Plains, 6 prisoners being employed there assisting the Forestry Department tradesmen. The usual plantation-work carried out, as summarized hereunder, is very satisfactory, taking into account that it is practically the final of the preliminary work on this area of the plantation before moving to the new site. The various food-supplies have been of excellent quality. The conduct of the staff generally has been very good, keen interest being displayed in maintaining a standard of discipline and industry. One officer resigned from the service during the year, four were-transferred to and from this prison, and one fined for neglect of duty. Summary of year's plantation-work. : Pitting, 2,335,500; tree-planting, 1,761,475; replanting failures, 209,400; clearing for tree-planting, 560 acres; general upkeep of plantation, roadforming, clearing fire-breaks, and clearing fern from young trees. I have, &c, W. T. I;EGGETT, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Acting-Gaoler.

WAIPA PRISON. g IR; H.M. Prison, Waipa, 12th January, 1912. I have the honour to present this my first report of the prison at Waipa. I took charge of the prison on the 16th June last. There were in custody at the commence-. ment of the year 15 males; 37 were received during the year; 4 were transferred to Auckland for medical treatment, 8 to Waiotapu to the second offenders' camp, and 1 to Wellington. The conduct of the prisoners throughout the year has been good, there being only one punishment: this was for escaping by cutting out the window of his hut. The escapee was speedily recaptured, and sentenced at the Magistrate's Court to two years' hard labour cumulative on his present sentence. The general health of the prisoners has been good. Divine service is conducted by Mr. Davis, who is attached to the staff of the Church of England at Rotorua. The rations throughout the year have been satisfactory. In addition to the ordinary tree-planting work twelve new single huts have been built, and the remaining association huts have been converted into double single-cell huts. The officers' old huts have been divided into double single-cell huts for prisoners, bringing the cell accommodation up to 33. Four new huts have been built for the officers. These improvements have been greatly appreciated by officers and prisoners aliKe. The grounds have been laid out and footpaths have been tarred and sanded, which assists to keep the huts clean; 3 acres have been

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ploughed up, and potatoes, carrots, and onions have been planted. Several hives of bees have been procured, and the prisoners take a great interest looking after them. Several new pigsties have been built, and the pigs are in very good condition. There are 75 per cent, of the prisoners working overtime, which in my opinion has a good effect in the camp. The following is a summary of the work done during the year by the prisoners on the plantations: Area cleared, acres; pitting, 171,000; planting, 760,013; planting blanks, 12,250. List of trees planted: Pinus laricio, 425,800; Pinus teocote, 2,263; Larix europcea, 270,500; blanks, 7,100; Eucalyptus sluartiana, 59,375; Pseudo-tsuga douglassi, 2,550; Thuya gigantea, 425; Sequoia sempervirens, blanks, 5,150. During the year the Acting-Gaoler and three warders were transferred to other prisons, and three warders were received. The zeal and efficiency of the officers of the present staff cannot be too highly commended. I have, &c, J. Down, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Acting-Gaoler.

WELLINGTON PRISON. Sib, —■ H.M. Prison, Wellington, 24th January, 1912. I have the honour to forward annual returns and report of this prison for 1911. On the 10th June I took charge here, on transfer from Dunedin (relieving Mr. Millington, the late Gaoler, who I regret to state died on the 29th June). There were in custody on the Ist January 165 males and 33 females, total 198; 1,039 males and 174 females were received, total 1,213, of which number 153 males and 41 females were received twice and upwards. The actual individual admissions were 759 males and 96 females, total 855; 1,056 males and 185 females were discharged, total 1,241. In custody, 31st December, 148 males and 22 females, total 170. Three males and 2 females were sent to the public hospital; 1 female died while there, and the others after treatment were received back. Four males and 1 female were transferred to the mental hospital at Porirua; 1 male escaped, and has not been recaptured; 2 males and 3 females sentenced to reformative treatment were released on probation on the recommendation of the Prisons Board. The prisoners were employed at Mount Cook, brick and tile making; at Point Halswell and Dorset Point, on defence works; and at the Terrace, bootmaking, gardening, &c. All vegetables supplied for rations are grown in the grounds attached to the prison. The rations supplied by contractors have been of good quality. The conduct of prisoners has been good, there being but 14 cases requiring punishment for minor prison offences. The services of two temporary officers were dispensed with for negligence in connection with the escape from prison of a prisoner serving a long sentence. Services were held every Sunday by ministers of the various denominations. The Fibst Offbndebs' Peobation Act. On the Ist January there were 10 males and 2 females on probation; 18 males and 1 female were placed on probation during the year; 16 males and 3 females were discharged—viz., on expiration of period, 7 males and 2 females; transferred to other districts, 3 males and 1 female; left the Dominion (special permission being grantetd), 3 males; absconded, 1 male; rearrested for breaking conditions of license and sentenced to reformative treatment, 2 males. On probation, 31st December, 12 males. Two habitual criminals discharged on probation from New Plymouth Prison were transferred to this district. One has since died, and the other, after doing well for a time, again reverted to crime, was arrested and sentenced to a further term of imprisonment. I have, t&c., J. C. Scanlon, The Under-Secretary for Justice, Wellington. Gaoler and Probation Officer.

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16

Table A. Table showing Accommodation, Number of Prisoners, etc., at the several Prisons of the Dominion during Year 1911.

Name of Prison. Number oi Persoi is for whom tbere is Ac< lommodation. iation. Total. Number of Persons at Beginning of Year. Number received during Year. Number discharged or transferred. Number in Prison at End of Year. In Separate Cells for One Prisoner. In Wards or Cells for more than One Prisoner. Auckland .. Dunedin Hanmer Invercargill.. Lyttelton .. Napier New Plymouth Waiotapu .. Waipa Valley Wellington .. Minor prisons M. 270 52 37 55 148 7 54 58 33 100 56 F. 35 20 1 27 3 4 M. 57 2 3 59 P. i 3 5 M. F. 327 : 35 52 : 20 37 57 1 151 30 66 : 8 54 I 4 58 33 210 33 165 39 M. 215 51 16 65 125 28 49 45 15 165 27 F. 13 7 20 2 4 T. 228 58 16 65 145 30 53 45 15 198 28 M. 1,521 280 34 102 569 244 110 31 37 1,039 1,048 F. T. 136 1,657 34 314 34 j 2 104 70 639 18 262 5 115 31 37 174 1,213 36 1,084 475 5,490 M. 1,480 302 22 106 566 248 98 47 28 1,056 1,051 F. 127 38 2 80 19 7 T. 1,607 340 22 108 646 267 105 47 28 1,241 1,087 M. F. T. 256 22 278 29 3 32 28 .. 28 61 .. 61 128 10 138 24 1 25 61 2 63 29 .. 29 . 24 .. 24 148 22 170 24 1 25 812 61 873 1 14 ho 109 "32 25 33 1 185 36 Totals 870 105 340 65 1,210 : 170 801 80 881 5,015 I 5,004 494 5,498 Sickness. Name of Prison. Greatest Number in Prison at One Time. Least Number in. Prison at One Time. Daily Average Number of Prisoners, {a.) Greatest Number ill at any One Time. (&.) Admission to Hospital during Year. (c.) Number of Distinct Prisoners ill on One or more Occasions, with Number of Occasions, Total Number of Separate Illnesses, Total Number of Days, and Daily Average on Sick-list. Year. O a O <d 02 02 t. t» m to 06 a & Number Total Dailv .2 £ g 5 g >S m § g S of Number Average £ -a .5 S.S toS in .3 S3 Separate of on B H &HH Illnesses. Days ill. Sick-list. Auckland Dunedin Hanmer Invercargill .. Lyttelton Napier New Plymouth Waiotapu Waipa Valley Wellington .. Minor prisons M. 274 52 29 67 137 53 61 45 29 184 93 F. 15 4 1 16 3 5 T. 289 56 29 68 153 56 66 45 29 217 99 M. 203 28 16 51 111 18 42 24 15 131 5 F. 18 1 10 1 3 T. 221 29 16 51 121 19 45 24 15 150 5 I M. F. T. 233-27 17-13 250-40 39-50 3-22 42-72 21-29 .. 21-29 58-19 0-01 58-20 122-97 13-54 136-51 31-76 : 1-79 33-55 52-76 2-98 55-74 34-82 .. 34-82 22-71 .. 22-71 161-60 ! 24-52 186-12 20-21 0-99 21-20 M. F. 11 1 2 1 3 6 2 3 2 3 ! .. 1 .. 6 : 2 4 I .. T. M. 12 8 2 2 1 i .. 3 ! 3 8 j 4 3 1 2 3 3 1 8 ■ 3 4 1 F. 1 1 T. 8 3 3 5 1 3 58 10 3 12 54 21 12 5 1 60 6 7 ; 2 .. j 1 ■1 i :: 9! 1 1 1 .. 2 i .. 2 1 1 94 13 3 14 7.3 34 16 5 8 85 6 1,900 I 5-21 261 ! 0-71 17 ; 0-05 238 : 0-65 1,537 4-21 447 ; 1-22 91 i 0-25 16 i 0-04 13 0-04 774 2-12 35 0-10 " I 33 6 19 "2 5 1 i .. 5 I 2 i 1 1 ; Totals 1,107 I ! ' ! 799-08 i 64-18 | 863-26 42 i 5 242 !■ 1 4 i 1,024 83 644 52 696 47 j 25 4 29 26 6 353 5,329 14-60

17

H.—2o

Table A — continued. Table showing Particulars, for each Prison, o f Prisoners at Beginning and End of Year, and received and discharged during Year 1911 (counted once every Time they were received).

3_H. '20.

0 a a a a a 02 a a 'Si 02 a a a o A 3 c a to to c > '3 a o a 22 9 O a c u ft J2 C - • M. F. (a.) In prison at beginning of yearSentenced to — ■ Simple imprisonment Under three months' hard labour Three months' hard labour and under one year One year's hard labour and upwards Habitual criminals in reformatory Criminals receiving reformative treatment M. F. 1 .. 20 2 41 3 144 8 M. F. 4 .. 9 2 13 1 22 4 M. 1 15 F. I - I i M - 2 11 51 F. M. 3 15 30 74 F. 2 13 5 i I M. ! F. 2 .. 5 1 11 1 9 .. M. 3 8 9 26 F. i 2 i 1 '.'. 44 I .. M. F. 15 '.'. M. 36 50 69 F. 8 11 M. 20 1 F. 1 M. 10 110 167 452 26 F. 16 31 29 2 10 126 198 481 28 .. 1 .. •• ! .. .. .. Total criminals in prison under sentence For trial or on remand I i . 206 13 9 .. 215 13 48 i 7 3 j .. 16 1 64 1 I I 122 2 20 27 2 1 .. 28 2 46 3 3 1 45 ■■ •• ! 15 •• 155 10 32 21 1 6 33 27 1 765 35 78 2 843 37 Total in prison for criminal offences 51 " 7 16 — — \ 65 •• 124 1 20 49 4 45 i 15 — 165 I 1 ! 800 1 880 1 - 80 Debtors Lunatics •• !•- 51 ; 7 •• I •• I I •• " I " ! -. I •• "I - •• '33 27 X .. .. Total persons in respective prisons In transitu 215 13 16 65 125 i 20 j I I j 28 2 49 4 45 i— 1 165 1 801 80 •■ I .. 15 881 Total persons in custody on 1st January, 1911 .. 215 13 51 | 7 16 -I I - 65 ■ • 125 20 28 2 ■• 4 I" 45 ■• " 15 ■• i" 1 801 1 80 881 49 165 33 27 I I —— — 1 I 1 (b.) Prisoners received during the yearSentenced to Simple imprisonment Under three months' hard labour Three months' hard labour and under one year One year's hard labour and upwards Deatli Criminals for reformative treatment only 13 .. 912 ! 73 109 21 77 11 1 .. 14 1 11 1 139 21 24 4 3 j 1 •7 h 4 .. 19 1 17 1 2 .. •• 10 279 92 20 2 37 132 17 52 1 6 7 4 1 1 34 7 11 i 1 •• •• 11 721 105 54 2 117 554 29 20 13 9 1 2 12 3 54 2,790 426 182 1 62 3 269 80 27 57 3,059 506 209 68 1 i •• I ■ '.'. 3 '.'. 10 1 3 .'. 2 17 9 ------ i 6 Total new criminals received For trial or on remand 1,126 1106 342 ! 30 I 184 28 78 | 6 45 2 I .. 22 .. j ■129 58 192 8 43 12 6 55 29 2 ! ■• 1 •• ! I I 1 908 95 159 594 : 12 283 1 1 18 15 I 3,515 1,021 385 77 3.900 1,098 Total received for criminal offences Debtors Lunatics 1,468 136 25 L. 21.. 262 | 34 6 .. I 1 I _ 67 2 .1 540 6 2 66 235 5 2 18 84 3 1 2 ! ! . •' 1 1 1,003 11 171 877 23 14 33 4,536 79 26 462 4,998 79 27 .. I .. .. •• ■•• I I .. .. 1 1 - •• ! .. I .. Total new persons received On transfer or in transitu (including habitual criminals sent to reformatory) 1,495 136 26 .. 268 34 12 .. 34 72 2 30 548 21 66 242 4 2 18 88 22 1 2 3 I 31 I 37 .'. 1,014 25 — 171 914 3 134 — 1 34 2 4,641 374 — 463 12 5,104 386 Totals received at respective prisons .. 1,521 136 280 j 34 34 .. 102 2 110 5 31 37 .. 174 1,048 475 569 70 244 18 1,039 36 5,015 5,490 i i i l ' ,i i I I I I ' 1 1 I I ! 1 1 1 .1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 I I I

H.—2o

18

Table A— continued. Table showing Particulars, for each Prison, of Prisoners at Beginning and End of Year, and received and discharged during the Year— continued.

o 3 to to I a X 3 a a a a a W Ed a > o +3 a •A ft to 'S C £ ■A o a O ■a oi 9 U2 to • (c.) Discharged during the year— m. On expiration of sentence, not including habitual criminals 1,121 or prisoners sentenced to reformative treatment On bail or probation .. .. .. .. ! 21 Died .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 Executed .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 Absconded and not retaken Committed suicide Released on recommendation of Prisons Board F. I 94 2 ! ! I M. 589 31 1 2 ! M. 203 F. 28 M. F. 15 .. F. M. F. M. I F. 76 1 372 65 F. 1 M. 184 13 M. 51 F. M. 4 30 p. M. 15 F. M. F. 898 165 23 .. 1 F. 11 M. 3,554 F. 381 3,935 20 2 6 .. 14 j 1 5 2 i I 3 1 123 5 1 1 8 1 131 6 1 1 •• •• •■ 1 :. .. I ........ •• I • - •■ I .. ■• Total criminals discharged to freedom ..' .. 1,147 Acquitted and after remand .. .. .. .. 230 96 ': 30 J " I i 223 J 54 i ' ■ 30 4 15 j .. .. .. I .. 1 82 1 67 15 . . !108 7 97 1 494 74 .. .. 7 .. 3 .. 2 .. 100 1 503 74 6 1 63 6 ! .. ! ! 12 — 31.. | I I I _ ■■ 15 - — 2 3 1 I ! 924 169 32 ! 12 ! I .. 621 | 69 14 3,698 533 "l I I 397 58 21 189 4 I 15 j 66 21 7 30 - i 12 5 4,095 591 .. .. •• I •■ •• 128 ; : — ; , ! 87 3 7 | 30 1 4,231 80 26 455 4,686 80 28 Total persons discharged to freedom .. .. I 1,377 Debtors .. .. .. .. .. .. j 25 Lunatics transferred to mental hospitals .. ... 5 Total persons discharged from prison .. .. | 1,407 Transferred to other prisons or police .. .. .. 73 277 34 15 .. 193 5 ; 1 j ; is ; 15 956 181 11 [ .. 4 I 1 690 23 11 17 " i '' .. . -. 1 2 ■• i ■•I •■• l_ 126 ! : ! 283 19 34 4 15 .. 7 .. 199 49 — 15 | 4 90 8 7 30 .. 17 — 15 13 971 182 724 85 3 327 1,056 185 1,051 2 I .. 24 2 13 21 5 83 13 I 18 118 4,337 667 j \i51 i 37 4,794 704 Totals discharged from respective prisons . . 1,480 (d.) In prison at the end ol yearSimple imprisonment .. .. .. .. 4 Under three months' hard labour .. .. .. 37 Three months' hard labour and under one year.. .. 37 One year's hard labour and upwards .. .. .. 139 Habitual criminals in reformatory .. .. Criminals receiving reformative treatment .. .. 15 127 !: 2 7 10 302 i 1 2 6 12 38 — 2 22 | .. •■ 3 19 •• 106 2 566 80 J . I 1 .. 10 .. 7 .. 26 8 28 .. 64 2 .... 1 .. 25 .. 10 .. 61 .. 115 10 .... 13 .. 61 | .. 128 10 61 I .. 128 10 61 .. 128 10 248 | — 6 I .. 12 j .. 5 1 ! 19 98 1 2 4 10 38 I 3 7 | 47 | I ' — 28 '2 21 36 5,004 i 12 95 120 400 39 80 ;494 ' 6 20 27 2 1 5,498 12 101 140 427 41 81 i is I 2 i 6 j 6 -! 8 1 '' ■•!•• Total criminals in prison .. .. .. 232 . For trial or on remand .. .. .. .. 23 . 20 2 27 2 i 3 — 28 . 23 1 1 .. 58 3 2 29 24 136 20 12 I 2 13 11 746 65 56 I 5 802 70 • • 1 ! •• ' i !•• Total in prison for criminal offences .. .. 255 Debtors Lunatics .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 22 29 i 3 i— i 28 I , i 24 ! 1 I i ■ 1 61 ! 2 —! 29 t—! 24 148 22 24 I 1 811 61 87! " i " •- ! I ■• 1 .. .. '* i •■ •• •• I I" • - ! I •• 148 22 i 24 Total persons in prison .. .. .. 256 In transitu .. .. .. .. .. .... 22 29 — 3 28 — i 24 ! 1 61 hrj 29 I 24 1 812 61 87! Total persons in custody at respective prisons .. i 256 •• 22 29 3 " 28 i " j " 24 j 1 I 61 •• — - I ■• •• — •• •• 61 .. 2 29 .. 24 .. 148 22 24 812 87:

19

H.—2o

Table B. Details of the Expenditure of each Prison for the Year 1911.

Auckland. Dunedin. Hanmer. Invercargill. Lyttelton. Napier. New Plymouth. Waiotapu. Waipa. Wellington. Minor Gaols. Total. Daily average number of prisoners (Male (Female .. 233-27 7-13 39-50 3-22 21-29 58-19 0-01 122-97 1354 31-76 1-79 52-76 2-98 34-82 22-71 161-60 24-52 20-21 0-99 799-08 64-18 Totals 250-40 42-72 21-29 I 58-20 136-51 55-74 34-82 22-71 186-12 21-20 836-26 33-55 Expenditure — Salaries and allowances Uniforms Bedding and clothing, furniture, &c. Fuel, light, water, sanitary, &c. .. Gratuities Medicines and medical comforts .. Rations and tobacco Incidental expenses Travelling - expenses and conveyance prisoners of £ s. d. 6,105 18 8 247 1 5 527 10 3 585 8 3 121 14 1 167 15 5 1,987 16 2 290 19 11 £ s. d. 2,375 11 9 113 4 5 25 8 0 213 2 8 27 1 9 2 15 2 352 15 8 114 10 7 £ s. d. 627 16 5 34 10 1 56 12 10 59 18 8 18 19 9 1 13 6 388 13 6 84 11 4 £ s. d. 1,994 17 10 59 17 10 297 13 3 147 4 9 30 15 8 83 5 8 451 12 5 228 3 4 £ s. d. 3,683 3 11 109 5 8 313 15 2 504 11 11 79 14 5 74 2 8 1,343 17 9 117 19 5 £ s. d. 971 0 5 23 17 6 44 19 9 148 5 9 10 16 3 14 17 5 305 17 9 61 8 10 £ s. d. 1,297 10 6 38 0 8 117 17 11 175 6 5 70 14 0 43 15 10 566 19 8 237 7 7 £ s. d. 1,025 6 8 58 17 0 173 17 7 94 12 6 46 2 3 19 10 11 692 19 2 67 8 0 £ s. d. 611 4 4 21 14 8 123 0 1 58 3 11 21 0 4 19 9 3 330 10 0 219 16 6 £ s. d. 4,925 15 11 136 18 9 353 19 6 608 17 7 88 7 11 107 14 2 1,592 13 9 386 15 7 £ s. d. 1,585 1 0 26 19 8 282 10 0 7 3 6 64 3 6 479 14 8 3 19 6 £ s. d. 25,203 7 5 843 7 7 2,061 14 0 2,878 2 5 522 9 1! 599 3 6 8,493 3 0 ii 1,813 0 7 . 2,079 15 11 I •• •• Totals 10,034 4 2 3,224 10 0 1,272 16 1 ,3,293 10 9 6,226 10 11 1,404 19 1 8,201 3 2 1,581 3 S| 2,547 12 2 2,178 14 1 2,449 11 10 J44.494 11 Id

EL—2O.

Table C. Table showing the Offences and Degree of Education of Distinct Convicted Prisoners received during the Year, 1911.

Table D. Table showing the Actual Number of Distinct Convicted Prisoners (exclusive of Maoris) received into Gaol during the Year 1911, classified according to Principal Offence, Birthplace, and Age.

20

Offences. Supei Bducai ■ior Able to r< fcion. wri: jad and I Able to read Unable to ie. only. read. I Toti bl. Offences against the person — Convicted on indictment .. Summarily convicted M. F. M. 61 76 F. M. 6 1 3 1 F. M. | F. 3 i .. .2 M. 65 79 F. 6 3 Offences against property— Theft and deceit Mischief 5 505 35 23 2 2 , .. 13 1 1 525 36 24 2 Miscellaneous— Vagrancy Drunkenness Others .. 2 5 4 236 860 739 75 i .. 68 | 8 51 4 j i 14 | 3 29 4 33 252 902 780 79 72 52 i 16 i 2,512 228 ! 16 l 95 8 2,639 238

Offences against thi Person. Offences against Property. Miscellaneous. Convicted I g uinm . Indictment, j convic1 irily :ed. Theft and A .. ... ,, Deceit. Mischief. Vagrancy. Drunkenness. Offe'nces Totals. M. I F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. I F. M. F. M. F. M. If Birthplaces — England and Wales Scotland Ireland New Zealand Australian States Other British possessions China Other countries 11 5 4 29 8 6 23 2 11 29 3 1 1 I iiS 31 28 262 1 3 16 9 4 4 1 1 1 70 ! 22 33 92 18 1 1 15 I I2 3 13 43 7 259 139 143 227 59 11 18 6 16 22 7 2 229 77 85 264 63 9 7 46 9 5 11 19 8 719 276 308 916 210 40 15 44 107 27 2 55 7 4 8 10 1 24 5 '04 30 8 172 3 238 1 1 Totals .. 65 6 79 3 525 24 36 2 252 79 902 72 780 52 2,639 Ages— Under 10 years 10 and under 12 years .. 12 and under 15 years .. 15 and under 20 years .. 20 and under 25 years .. 25 and under 30 years .. 30 and under 40 years .. 40 and under 50 years .. 50 and under 60 years .. 60 years and over 1 4 15 12 16 10 5 2 2 2 12 1 2 51 95 117 164 60 24 12 3 7 4 4 5 1 5 9 11 7 2 2 1 19 33 9i 41 33 34 5 8 27 22 1 27 87 290 232 162 1 5 ! 16 19 99 135 241 148 93 45 2! 4 77 'Z-/1 8 3 8 513 322 199 4 19 22 64 69 44 16 2 1 1 21 25 15 3 1 1 1 20 3 15 20 8 4 12 23 7 5 103 Totals .. 65 6 79 164 3 525 693 24 36 2 6 252 79 go2 72 780 52 \ 2,639 ! 2,983 238 Totals, 1910 69 5 10 63 474 114 1,068 100 452 24 259

H.—2o.

Table E. Table showing the Number of Distinct New-Zealand-born Convicted Prisoners of each Sex (excluding Maoris) received during the Year 1911, classified according to Ages and Offences.

Table F. Table showing Distinct Persons imprisoned after Conviction for Six Years.

21

Under 10 and 12 and ij and 20 and aj and 30 and 40 and _ 10. under 12. under ij. under 20. under 25. under 30. under 40. upwards. Totals. Offences. M. F. M. I F. M. i F. M. F. M. F. M. ! F. M. F. M. F. M. F. I I Offences against the person — Convicted on indictment .. Summarily convicted Offences against property — Theft and deceit Mischief Vagrancy Drunkenness Other offences 1 2 4 2 40 3 12 4 62 2 1 5 2 9 62 6 15 40 55 189 2 3 7 8 77 3 49 100 89 i 4 3 6 19 3 15 73 54 I I 29 29 262 16 6 t 1 1 12 13 54 158 4 1 6 T 3 92 227 264 916 1038 43 22 I 4 2 20 9 10 13 8 7 12 19 Totals.. 4 59 3 13 17 333 44 T 73 182 5° 28 107 Totals, 1910 75 66 3 199 9 249 35 331 298 287 51 126 Totals, 1909 2 4 174 15 236 28 53 192 28 968 128 Totals, 1908 1 5 71 4 190 181 T 7 203 24 43 118 22 _875 844 no Totals, 1907 2 I 79 82 5 23 213 33 256 44 113 19 18 125 Totals, 1906 2 9 189 20 219 26 249 39 120 861 112 Totals, 1905 I 76 8 172 25 196 27 T 95 38 99 17 739 "5 Totals, 1904 1 2 3 83 9 172 25 219 19 187 34 36 73 17 740 104 Totals, 1903 2 5 79 9 191 16 187 21 177 128 60 21 701 603 103 78 Totals, 1902 2 77 5 192 9 M7 17 35 57 12 Totals, igoi 5 74 7 8 175 22 114 20 r 43 38 28 40 36 8 55i 95 Totals, 1900 7 79 166 19 no 15 16 120 9 5i8 79 Totals, 1899 3 2 91 9 147 H IOI 116 19 36 9 494 69 69 Totals, 1898 1 9 87 82 7 143 19 91 17 93 18 29 26 8 453 Totals, 1897 1 1 3 11 129 T 5 85 17 77 T 3 5 404 61 Totals, 1896 1 1 2 100 11 120 7 105 89 19 67 15 18 7 414 416 59 60 Totals, 1895 1 2 11 122 10 in 16 20 63 46 9 8 17 5 Totals, 1894 3 8 86 11 95 14 95 17 19 4 352 54 Totals, 1893 1 I 10 76 10 78 74 T 5 42 5 25 6 307 281 4« 12 Totals, 1892 1 1 i 15 78 16 18 12 78 45 12 45 4 3 74

Year. .... Prisoners. [T Proportion per 10,000 of Population. Year. ! Prisoners. I Proportion per 10,000 of Population. 1906 1907 1908 2,966 3,091 3,009 33-12 33-63 31-84 _jj 1909 1910 1911 8,159 3,242 2,877 82-51 32-66 28-35

H.—2o

22

Table G. Table showing Distinct Convicted Prisoners (excluding Maoris) received during the Year 1911, and sentenced to Reformative Treatment or declared Habitual Criminals, classified according to Sentences.

Sentenced to Reformative Treatment for a Period not exceeding Original Sentence. 6M( roths. 12 Months. 18 M F. M. F. M. ..12 2 7 ........ :onths. 2 Years. 3 Years. 4 Years. 5 Years. 6 Years. F. M. F. M. j F. M. F. M. j F. M. F. . . 15 4 20 6 ... 3 ; .. 8 .. .. .. .. ■..!., .. '.. ; 4 | .. 5 .. 1 .-. 3 .. I'.. .. 8 .'. 9 1 6 1 3 ..2 1 2 1 1 .'. 3 :: :: :: :: :: "}. :: \ :: :: :: 1 .. ..,..! .. .. ..33 5 48 2 10 1 16 j .. ; .. .. 7 Years, j 8 Years. 9 Years. 10 Years. Habitual i Totals. Criminals. ; M. F. | M. F. M. F. ! M. j F. M. F. ■ ' M. F. 2 .. ! •■ {•• •• •'• • 62 6 :: :: :: :: j :: :: :: :: :: :: V :: i .. ■■ 1 2 13 2 .. ..'■ .. ."I '.. 2 .. 17, .. .. .. 1 .. ! 8 .. 17 2 .. ..' .. .. I l 2 :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: - 2 :: .. I j '. .. : 1 .. 1 .. . . . . : . j 2 j .. 1 .. ! .. .. , 1 .. ! 17 2 i 150 12 Reformative treatment only Under 1 week .. .. , .. 1 week and under 1 month 1 month „ 3 months '. .. 3 months ,. 6 „ ■- .. 6 .. 9 „'■■ ■'.. 9 „ 12 1 year ,, 2 years 2 years „ 3 ., 3 „ ■ ,. 4 ,. 4 ,. .. 5 „ 5 „ „ 7 „ 7 „ „ 10 ,. 10 „ „ 12 „ 12 -, „ 15 .. 15 „ 20 M. i .. .. 2 ' .'. ... " I •• I i ! .. ...... . .. .. .. .. I ..15 2 7 Totals I

H.— 20.

Table H. Visits of the Visiting Justices to the Larger Prisons during the Year 1911.

23

Prisons and Visiting Justices. u G3 P § S3 i-a s 3 ■H A 02 to A o a 6 a a en 0 ■a, P < 99 A o a a CO o A o o O a A 3 a > o 'A u 02 A a o o o a "3 o P. p Auckland: Hon. W. Beehan, M.L.C. F.G.Clayton .. Hon. T. Thompson, M.L.C. Hon. W. McCullough 3. H. Hannan Colonel A. Hume Dunedin: J. R. Bartholomew, S.M. J. Arkle R. Chisholm H. Y. Widdowson, S.M. .. Invercargill: F. G. Stone William Todd .. William Scandrett Lyttelton: W. W. Collins .. J. A. H, Marciel.. J. Garrard C. Ferrier H. W. Bishop, S.M. Colonel A. Hume Napier: J. S. Large New Plymouth : H. S. Fitzherbert, S. M. H Weston D. Berry C. Ahier E. Dockrill Waiotapu : B. W. Dyer, S.M. Colonel A. Hume Waipa: R. W. Dyer, S.M. Colonel A. Hume Wellington: J. K. Blair 3. Lachman Colonel A. Hume E. Arnold T. Duncan 7 3 6 i 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 i" 3 3 a 3 1 3 2 5 2 2 2 2' 1 3 1 3 1 1 2 4 2 2 i' 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 5 3 1 1 3 i' 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 4 3 2 i - 4 - i 1 4 3 2 1 3* 1 1 i 3 2 1 1 1 i 3 2 3 1 1 2 1 i" 2 i' 3 l' 1 5 . i 4' 1 1' 1 3 2 2 1 5 2 i" 2 2 1 1 2 36 11 17 1 35 1 1 9 3 2 17 5 13 34 9 14 1.1 3 1 3 5 5 4 4 5 5 4 4 5 4 4 52 1 1 i i' 1 3 2 7 2 i i i 1 1 i' 2 1 1 i 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 5 5 48 7 6 4 1 2 4 2 3 1 1 8 6 4 1 l" 3

H.—2o.

Table I. Punishments for Prison Offences during the Year 1911.

24

No. Often ce. Punishment Auckland Pbison. ' 1-112 113-123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 • 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. Reduced 8 marks each. ,, .. .. .. .. .. Severely cautioned. „ .. .. .. .. .. Reduced 8 marks. Using insolent and threatening language to his officer .. Deferred for one week to see how he behaves. Repeated idleness at work .. .. .. 24 hours bread and water, and fined 7 days marks. Repeatedly refusing to do the work ordered .. .. Ditto. Writing a clandestine letter to a fellow-prisoner .. .. „ \ Having prohibited articles in his possession .. .. „ ! Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. 24 hours bread and water. I Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. „ Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. .. ,, Idleness at work .. .. .. .. .. ,, Loitering away from his banker.. .. .. .. ,, Defiant and insubordinate language to his officer .. .. „ Interfering with an officer in the execution of his duty . . Allowed to stand over. Defiant behaviour and insolent language to his officer .. ,, Idleness at work .. .. .. .. .. Reduced 42 marks. Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. 24 hours bread and water. Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. 2 days bread and water. Insolence to his officer .. .. .. .. Reduced 48 marks. Entering the bootmakers' shop without permission .. 24 hours bread and water. Destroying prison property .. .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. Blocking the closet with rags and oakum .. .. ,, Talking while at work and not desisting when ordered .. Cautioned. Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. 2 days bread and water. Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. .. ,, ! Communicating with another prisoner without permission .. „ Being in possession of prohibited articles.. ., .. ,, Assaulting Warder Bemrose .. .. .. To forfeit marks sufficient to earn remission of three months of sentence. Using threatening and insulting language to his officer .. Allowed to stand over. Using another prisoner's ration of porridge .. .. ,, Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. I Disobedience of orders, and threatening language .. .. Reduced 24 marks. Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. .. Allowed to stand over. 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 1.67 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 Indecent behaviour .. .. .. .. .. Cautioned. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. „ Writing a clandestine letter and attempting to send it out of ,, prison Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. Reduced 8 marks. Making a false statement .. .. .. .. ,, Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. ,, „ .. .. .. Severely cautioned. Assaulting Chief Warder McMurray .. .. To forfeit marks representing remission of one month of sentence. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. 24 hours bread and water. Damaging prison property .. .. . . .. „ Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. 48 hours bread and water. Smoking in his cell, and being in possession of prohibited articles 2 days bread and water. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. ,, Damaging prison property .. .. .. .. Discharged with a caution. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. 1 day bread and water, and reduced 16 marks. Insulting language to the Acting-Gaoler .. .. .. 1 day bread and water. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. I „ Continued loud talking during working-hours .. .. ! ,, Disobedience of orders .. . . .. .. .. ,, Delaying and obstructing his fellow-prisoners at work . . „ Insolence to his officer . . .. .. .. .. Allowed to stand over. Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. Convicted to come up for sentence when called upon. Insolent behaviour .. .. .. .. .. I Ditto. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. „ Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. 1 day bread and water. I Using insulting language to the Chief Warder .. .. Reduced 8 marks. ■ Insolence to his officer .. .. .. .. . . Allowed to stand over. Speaking disrespectfully of the Chief Warder .. .. Reduced 16 marks. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. .. 1 day bread and water. Damaging prison property .. .. . . .. „ ; Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. Reduced 8 marks. ; Insolence to his officer .. .. .. .. .. „ Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. . . „ Using obscene and disgusting language in stone-cutting yard.. 3 days bread and water. Being in possession of prohibited articles. . .. ... ,, Being in possession of a paper with drawings of skeleton keys : ,, Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. .. ! 2 days bread and water. Throwing water over his officer .. .. .. .. Reduced 18 marks. Throwing- his water-dipper at his officer .. .. .. To come up for sentence when called upon. Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 , 197 198

BL—2O.

Table I — continued. Punishments for Prison Offences during the Year 1911— continued.

4—H. 20.

25

No. Punishment Offence. funisnment. Punishment. 199 200 201 202 203 Auckland Prison— continue! Being in possession of prohibited articles.. Using threatening language to his officer Being in possession of prohibited articles Refusing to obey an order Leaving his banker for a purpose other than that for which he had permission Being in possession of prohibited articles l I. 2 days bread and water. Cautioned. 204 205 206 a To come up for sentence when called upon. 2 days bread and water, and reduced 24 marks. To come up for sentence when called upon. 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 Disturbing the quiet of the prison Threatening language and insolence to his officers Purloining a cell-bag and a piece of tape from the workshops.. Being in possession of prohibited articles.. n 1 day bread and water. 2 days bread and water. Allowed to stand over. Writing a clandestine letter to Dr. .Murray, the Prison Surgeon Disobedience of orders 2 days bread and water. Allowed to stand over. 217 218 Using obscene and improper language to his officer Writing a clandestine letter and surreptitiously sending it out of the prison Writing a clandestine letter Writing a clandestine letter and surreptitiously sending it out of the prison Being in possession of prohibited articles To come up for sentence when called upon. 2 days bread and water. To come up for sentence when called upon. 219 220 221 Having prohibited articles secreted in a cupboard of which he keeps the keyBeing in possession of prohibited articles Idleness at work Continued talking with fellow-prisoners whilst at work Using insubordinate language to his officer Insolent and defiant behaviour towards his officer.. Using improper language io his officer Insolence to his officer when being searched Disturbing the quiet of the prison Being in possession of prohibited articles.. Reduced 48 marks. Reduced 24 marks. ,, 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 Reduced 48 marks. 1 day bread and water. To come up for sentence when called upon. ,, .. Writing a clandestine letter to a female prisoner Being in possession of prohibited articles.. Disturbing the quiet of the prison Threatening language and attempt to assault his officer Writing clandestine letters to male prisoners Being in possession of prohibited articles Using obscene and threatening language to his officer Having prohibited articles secreted in his cell Disobedience of orders (two charges) Assaulting his officer (Warder Robert Thompson) 2 days bread and water. Reduced 24 marks. 2 days bread and water. Reduced 24 marks. To come up for sentence when called upon. 2 days bread and water. Reduced 24 marks. 1 day bread and water, and reduced 36 marks. 2 days bread and water. 7 days bread and water, and to forfeit six months' marks. Ditto. 2 days bread and water, and reduced 24 marks. I day bread and water. 242 243 Inciting his fellow-prisoners to mutiny Idleness at his work, and disrespect to his officer 244 Making use of grossly insulting, obscene, and threatening language to his officer Idleness at work Disobedience of orders Using insulting language to his officer Being in possession of prohibited articles.. Disobedience of orders Being in possession of prohibited articles.. Disobedience of orders, and using improper language to his officer Insolence to his officer Disobedience of orders Insolence to his officer Disobedience of orders Insolence to his officer Refusing to obey an order Being in possession of prohibited articles 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 2 days bread and water. Reduced 16 marks. 2 days bread and water. To come up for sentence when called upon. 1 day bread and water, and reduced 24 marks. 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 Convicted and discharged. 1 day bread and water. » ,, Writing a clandestine letter to a female prisoner Leaving his cell without permission Being in possession of prohibited articles. . Having prohibited articles in his cell Cautioned. 2 days bread and water. I day bread and water. Allowed to stand over. Undertaking work in tailor's shop without permission Disobedience of orders Being in possession of prohibited articles.. »» Convicted. ,, 1 day bread and water, and reduced 24 marks. Reduced 24 marks. Convicted. „ Irreverent behaviour at Divine service Being in possession of prohibited articles Leaving his cell without permission .. .. ... Disobedience of orders Insolence to his officer Being in possession of prohibited articles.. i. 2.

H. —20.

Table I — continued. Punishments for Prison Offences during the Year 1911— continued.

26

No. Offence. Punishment. Offence. Punishment. Dunedin Prison. 277 Damaging prison property .. .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. 278 Refusing to go to labour .. .. .. .. „ 279 Hooting at his fellow-prisoners .. .. .. .. „ 280 Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. .. „ 281 Breach of prison rules .. .. . . .. . . 2 days bread and watar. 282 283 Insolence, to his officer .. .. .. . . 3 days bread and water. 284 Inciting a fellow-prisoner .. .. .. .. „ 285 Breach of prison rules .. .. .. .. .. 1 day bread and water. 286 Refusing to go to labour .. .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. 287 Hooting at his fellow-prisoners .. .. .. . . „ 288 Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. . . j „ 289 Refusing to go to labour .. .. 290 Hooting at his fellow-prisoners .. .. .. . . „ 291 Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. .. „ 292 Destroying prison property .. .. .. .. „ 293 Obscene language to his officer .. . . .. . . „ 294 Disobedience of orders . . .. . . .. . . 1 day bread and water. 295 Resisting his officer .. .. .. .. . . 3 days bread and water. 296 Insolence to his officer .. .. .. . . . . „ 297 Refusing to go to labour .. .. .. .. „ 298 Hanmer Springs. Prison. 299 Idleness, and inciting other prisoners to cease work .. To forfeit tree-planting marks, and transferred. 300 „ ,, • • Ditto. 301 Refusing to turn out to work .. .. .. .. „ 302 Loafing on the works, and inciting others to do likewise .. „ Invercargill Prison. 303 Writing clandestine letters .. .. .. To forfeit 84 marks. 304 Smoking on works .. .. .. .. . . 3 days bread and water. 305 Committing nuisance .. .. .. .. To forfeit 84 marks. 306 Obscene language to fellow-prisoner .. .. .. „ 307 „ „ ....... i 308 | Assaulting fellow-prisoner .. .. .. ..13 days bread and water. 309 Wilful mismanagement of work . . .. .. .. „ 310 Refusing to work .. .. .. .. .. j „ 311 Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. To forfeit 84 marks. 312 Disrespect to his officer . . .. . . 3 days bread and water. 313 Disobedience of orders . . . . .. .. .. i To forfeit 56 marks. 314 Obscene language to fellow-prisoner .. .. .. j „ 315 Disturbing quiet of prison .. .. .. .. ! To forfeit 84 marks. 316 Smoking on works .. . . .. .. .. j 1 day bread and water. 317 Using obscene language and disturbing the quiet of the prison 3 days bread and water. 318 Destroying ration of bread .. .. .. .. 2 days bread and water. 319 Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. 320 „ . • • • • • • • .. 1 day bread and water. 321 Obscene language to fellow-prisoner .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. 322 Being idle and negligent at work .. .. .. \ 2 days bread and water. 323 „ ...... 324 Disobedience of orders .. .. . . .. ... „ 325 „ .. .. ■• •• .. i 326 „ • • • • •• ■ ■ .. 3 days bread and water. 327 „ .. .. .. To forfeit 84 marks. 328 „ .. . ■ • ■ ■ • ■ • Convicted and discharged. 329 Insulting and threatening language to his officer ., .. ! „ 330 Personal violence to his officer .. ' .. .. .. | 7 days bread and water. 331 Making false complaints .. .. .. . . ; To forfeit 84 marks. 332 Disobedience of orders .. .. .. . . .. ' „ 333 Damaging prison property .. .. .. .. i 2 days bread and water. 334 Disobeying prison regulations .. .. .. . . „ 335 Being idle and negligent at work .. .. .. ] 3 days bread and water. 336 Disobedience of orders .. .. .. . . 3 days bread and water, and to forfeit 84 marks. 337 Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. ., .. j Ditto. 338 Disobedience of orders .. .. .. . . . . ] To forfeit 84 marks, and to be kept from other prisoners, and put on oakum-picking until further orders. 339 Damaging prison property .. .. .. 14 days bread and water, and to forfeit 728 marks. 340 Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. . . 3 days bread and water. Lyttelton Prison. 241 Inciting a prisoner to disobey orders, and using obscene To forfeit 42 marks, language to an officer 342 Idleness and disobedience of orders, and using obscene language 3 days bread and water. to an officer 343 Noisy conduct and damaging prison property .. 48 hours bread and water. 344 Refusing to do work ordered, and being in possession of pro- To forfeit 42 marks. hibited articles

27

H.—2o.

Table I — continued. Punishments for Prison Offences during the Year 1911— continued.

No. Offence. Punishment. Lyttelton Prison— continued. 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 345 Defacing his cell, damaging prison property, and being in 3 days bread and water. possession of prohibited articles 346 Disobedience of orders, using obscene language, and disturbing 24 hours bread and water, the quiet of the prison 347 Obstructing an officer in the execution of his duty, and resisting 2 days bread and water, when being removed to separate cell 348 Attempting to convey a letter into the female prison .. „ 349 Refusing to do work ordered .. .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. 350 Disobedience of orders, and insolent and threatening behaviour ! „ to his officer; using obscene language to his officer when being searched 351 Damaging prison property .. . . . . 2 days bread and water. 352 | Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. To forfeit 42 marks. 353 ! Attempting to strike the Assistant Matron, and disturbing the 2 days bread and water. j quiet of the prison 354 j Refusing to work when ordered.. . . .. 3 days bread and water. 355 I Using obscene language and insolence .. .. .. „ 356 Disturbing the quiet of the prison, and using obscene language 24 hours bread and water. 357 Disobedience of orders, and using insulting language .. 3 days bread and water. 358 Using obscene language to an officer .. . . .. ,, 359 Sending out a letter surreptitiously .. . . „ 360 Being in possession of prohibited articles.. .. To forfeit 48 marks. 361 Having a pipe in his possession .. . . . . „ 362 Disturbing the quiet of the prison . . . . To forfeit 42 marks. 363 Damaging prison property, threatening language, and attempt- „ ing to strike an officer 364 Wilfully damaging prison property .. .. .. 3 days bread and water, and to forfeit 42 marks. 365 „ ...... Ditto. 366 Using obscene language .. . . .. .. „ 364 365 366 367 368 367 „ .. .. .. .. 368 Disturbing the quiet of the prison, and using obscene language 24 hours bread and water, and to forfeit 42 marks. 369 Refusing to work, and inciting other prisoners to cease work To forfeit 42 marks. 'J7fl 370 371 Throwing tea at an officer, damaging prison property, and using ,, obscene language 372 Disobedience and using obscene language .. .. 2 days bread and water. 373 Preferring a false complaint against Warder Anthony . . Ordered to be kept in close confinement for 21 days in a light cell without irons, 374 „ .. Ditto. 375 Insulting and threatening language to an officer .. . . To forfeit 42 marks. 376 Disturbing the quiet of the prison .. .. .. „ 377 „ .. 24 hours bread and water. 378 Using obscene language to an officer .. .. . . I To forfeit 48 marks. 379 Idleness, and using obscene language to an officer.. 48 hours bread and water. 380 Using obscene language to an officer .. .. To forfeit 48 marks. 381 Being in possession of prohibited articles, and damaging prison 24 hours bread and water, property 382 Throwing his napping-hammer at an officer .. To forfeit 84 marks. 383 Using obscene and threatening language ...... ,, 384 Attempting to send out a letter surreptitiously .. To forfeit 48 marks. 385 Disobedience and insolence to an officer .. .. 24 hours bread and water. 386 Idleness and insolence, and being in possession of prohibited 3 days bread and water, articles 387 Making filthy remarks about an officer, and using threatening 48 hours bread and water. language 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 Napier Prison. 388 I Assaulting a fellow-prisoner . . .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. 389 j Disobedience of orders, and using threatening language to his l 2 days bread and water. j officer 390 Disobedience of orders .. .. .. .. 24 hours bread and water. New Plymouth Prison. 391 Idleness .. .. .. .. .. 24 hours bread and water. 392 „ .. . . .. .. .. To forfeit 3 days' marks. 393 Refusing to work, and using threatening language.. 24 hours bread and water. 394 Assaulting a fellow-prisoner .. .. . . .. Fined marks, value 5s. 395 Idleness .. .. .. .. . . .. Tobacco stopped for 24 hours. 396 Using threatening language . . .. .. .. 3 days bread and water. 397 „ ........ 398 Disobedience of orders Waiotapu Prison. 399 i Attempting to oause to be delivered six clandestine letters .. I Fined 14 days' marks.

H.—2o

28

Table I — continued. Punishments for Prison Offences during the Year 1911- continued.

Table J. FIRST OFFENDERS' PROBATION ACT, 1908. Ages and Terms of Probation of Offenders placed under the Act during the Year 1911.

Approximate Cost of Paper. —Preparation, not given ; printing (1,600 .copies), £28.

By Authority: John Mackay, Government Printer, Wellington.-—191.2. Price 9d.]

No. Offence. Punishment. Wellington Prison. 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 Using'improper and filthy language to his officer Using improper language to his officer 3 days bread and water. 24 hours bread and water. Assaulting a'fellow-prisoner Threatening behaviour to his officer Fighting on the works Refusing to work, and insolence to his officer Fighting with a fellow-prisoner Idleness and loitering on the works ; disturbing the quiet of the prison Loitering on the works, insolence to an officer, and disobedience of orders Loitering on the works, and insolence to his officer Using obscene language to his officer Insulting and threatening language to his officer Assaulting ajiellow- prisoner To forfeit 48 marks. 2 days bread and water. 12 hours bread and water. 2 days bread and water. 3 days bread and water. 409 2 days bread and water. 410 411 412 413 1 day bread and water. 2 days bread and water. 24 hours bread and water. To forfeit 48 marks.

Ages. Four Months and under. Six Months. Nine Months. Twelve Months. Eighteen | Two Months, i Years. Three Four nw.i Years. Years. tottu. ?rom 10 to 15 years . 15 „ 20 . „ 20 , 25 . , 25 „ 30 „ „ 30 „ 40 ,. ., 40 „ 50 „ „ 50 „ 60 „ iO years and upwards 3 2 1 3 2 5 2 2 9 10 3 3 1 1 5 10 1 2 1 5 5 10 ■i 5 2 1 5 5 2 1 2 1 1 22 31 18 13 5 3 1 1 2 2 1 Totals 94 9 13 2 27 2 24 14 3