MARINE DEPARTMENT. (ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1897-98.)

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1898 Session I, H-15

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1898. NEW ZEALAND.

MARINE DEPARTMENT. (ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1897-98.)

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

My Loed, — Marine Department, Wellington, 30th June, 1898. I do myself the honour to transmit herewith, for your Excellency's information, the report of the Marine Department of the colony for the financial year ended the 31st March last. I have, &c, Wμ. Hall-Jones, His Excellency the Eight Hon. the Earl of Eanfurly, Minister of Marine. Governor of New Zealand.

The Secretary to the Minister of Marine. Sib, — Marine Department, Wellington, 30th April, 1898. I have the honour to make the following report on the administration of this department during the financial year ended the 31st March last. Lighthouses. —The cost of the maintenance of the lighthouses during the year was £12,860 17s. 5d., but this amount does not include the proportion for lighthouse-work of the expenses— £6,775 4s. —of the Government steamer which periodically visits all the stations with oil and stores. Such proportion may be estimated at about £5,000. The work of inspection has been carried out by Captain Allman, whose report is appended hereto. The erection of the tower and other buildings at Cape Palliser was completed by the Public Works Department in July last, and, on their being handed over to this department, the Lighthouse Artificer proceeded with the erection of the lantern and apparatus. This work was completed in October, and the light was exhibited for the first time on the 27th of that month. The light is a second-order dioptric revolving white light, flashing twice every half-minute, with intervals of three seconds between the flashes, and can be seen in clear weather at a distance of 25 statute miles. The cost of the erection of the lighthouse, keepers' dwellings, outbuildings, and the formation of a road to the tower was £6,243 16s. Id. During the year the sum of £306 3s. 7d. has been expended on repairs and additions to light-house-dwellings, &c, and the erection of a schoolroom at Portland Island. At Stephens Island a room has been added to the second assistant keeper's house. The house was too small for a man with a family, and in order that the aided school on the island may be kept up it is advisable that the three keepers stationed there should be men with families. At Pencarrow Head the dwellinghouses have been repaired and a workshop erected. During the present year it will be necessary to execute repairs to the dwelling-houses at Farewell Spit and Manukau Head. As regards schools at lighthouses, it may be mentioned that most of the Education Boards grant capitation on the children attending the schools, and the keepers are thus assisted in the payment of the teachers' salaries, and the schools are inspected by the Board's Inspectors. So far as I am aware, the Auckland Board is the only one in the colony which has refused to grant any assistance, and the keepers in the Auckland District are therefore at a disadvantage as compared with those in other parts of the colony. Both the Minister of Education and this department have urged the Auckland Board to give some assistance, but without effect. On the 13th January last a fire broke out in the flax near the landing-place at Cape Maria van Diemen, but the keepers succeeded in extinguishing it before any damage was done. At Stephens Island a heavy sea broke the crane at the landing-place. The necessary repairs were effected by the department's carpenter and an assistant while they were on the island enlarging the house before referred to. The following lighthouses are now connected with the telegraph system of the colony—namely : Cape Maria van Diemen, Tiri Tiri, Somes Island, Cape Egmont, Manukau Head, Kaipara Head, Cape Foulwind, Farewell Spit, Nelson, Cape Campbell, Godley Head, Akaroa Head, Taiaroa Head, Cape Saunders, and Nugget Point, and it would be of great benefit if arrangements could be made to connect Cape Palliser, Dog Island, and Puysegur Point. The erection of a lighthouse on East Cape Island having been decided on, the island has been taken under the provisions of the Public Works Act for the purpose, and sites for the tower, dwelling &c, have been selected by the Marine Engineer and Nautical Adviser. Plans and specifications for I—H. 15.

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the tower and other buildings are now being prepared by the Public Works Department. A lantern and apparatus were obtained for a contemplated lighthouse at Cape Kidnappers, but, a strong opinion having been expressed by master mariners that a light at East Cape was a much more pressing necessity, it has been decided to use the lantern and apparatus referred to for the proposed lighthouse at Bast Cape. The Wellington Harbour Board has agreed to contribute the sum of £800 towards the cost of improving the light at Somes Island, and the necessary apparatus for a second-order light has been ordered from England. A new lantern will not be required, as that which was formerly at Farewell Spit will be used with the new apparatus. A brick tower will be erected near the present wooden tower, as the latter will not be suitable for the new light. No further progress has been made in the matter of the erection of a lighthouse on the Snares, as the proposed agreement as to the division of the cost of erection and maintenance has not yet been completed by the Governments of New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania. The Slaughter's cotton-powder signal referred to in my last report has been received from England, and is now being erected at Pencarrow Head by the department's artificer. It has been necessary to sink a well 40 ft. deep for the weight of the clock which works the apparatus, and a concrete magazine for the cartridges to be used for the explosions is being built at some distance from the apparatus. The working of the signal will be attended to by the lightkeepers. A further communication has been received from the committee of Lloyds to the effect that the committee propose to erect signal-stations at Cape Maria van Diemen, Farewell Spit, and Nugget Point, but that they intend to defer the matter for a time, as they find it inconvenient to proceed with the work at present. It has, however, been decided to at once include these places in the list of Lloyds signal-stations, and arrangements have been made for the lightkeepers in the meantime to report to Lloyds agent at Wellington any vessels that may request them to do so. The service has lost three keepers during the year—viz., Principal Keeper J. W. Johnson, who has retired on a pension ; Assistant Keeper J. McLellan, who has resigned ; and Assistant Keeper N. Sciascia, who was killed by a bull at Portland Island. Keeper Sciascia left a widow and ten children, and it has been decided to grant Mrs. Seiascia a compassionate allowance equal to one year's salary of the deceased. Five new keepers have been appointed, three of them in consequence of the above vacancies, and two in consequence of the exhibition of Cape Palliser light. The sum of £17,851 Bs. 7d. was collected for light dues during the year, as compared with £15,995 ss. 4d. during the previous year, being an increase of £1,856 3s. 3d. Harbours. —The buoys in the harbours under the control of the department have been overhauled and cleaned by the Government steamers, and additional buoys have been laid in Ngunguru Harbour. The Secretary to the Wellington Harbour Board having suggested the advisability of prescribing a special signal for the use of vessels requiring a tug at night, a signal was devised, and, after obtaining the opinions of the principal Harbour Boards thereon, it was prescribed by the Governor in Council. A bright harbour light has been established on the south head of Hokianga Harbour, and two white leading lights, for guiding vessels across the bar at night, are shown when the Harbourmaster considers it prudent to do so. A small building for the lamps and gear has been erected. Two buoys have been placed on the end of Tory Shoal, at the entrance to Kaipara Harbour, and, in consequence of the extension of this shoal, an alteration of the positions of the leading beacons has been necessary. The large buoys in this harbour are overhauled by the Government steamers, but the small ones are attended to by the subsidised steamer, which also conveys the Harbourmaster to the various branches of the harbour. Captain J. Bobertson has resigned the position of Harbourmaster at Mamikau, in order to proceed to the Klondyke Goldfields, and the position has been filled by the appointment of Captain J. Neale, master of the s.s. " Hinemoa," who has had considerable experience of the harbour. Captain G. Thomson has retired from the position of Harbourmaster at Okarito, and has been succeeded by his son, Mr. J. W. Thomson. Mr. H. B. Dobbie, Eailway Manager at Picton, has been appointed Harbourmaster at that port in place of Mr. A. Duncan, the former Eailway Manager. Several snags which rendered the navigation of the Wairau and Opawa Eivers dangerous have been removed. The boiler of the s.s. " Neptune," which was wrecked at the entrance to the Wairau Eiver, is lying in the channel, and, as it is a danger to navigation, the owners have been called upon to remove it. Failing their doing so, the department will have it removed at their cost. There has been a good deal of trouble with the willows which were planted on the banks of the Wairau and Opawa Eivers for the purpose of preventing the erosion of the banks. Some of these trees fall into the channel and cause banks to form, and the stumps of others which have been cut project over the banks, and are a source of danger to passing vessels. Owing to. the owners of the " Waitemata," which sunk in the Hauraki Gulf after collision with the s.s. " Stella," failing to remove the wreck when called upon to do so, arrangements were made for it to be blown up by the Auckland Torpedo Corps. Although sunk in 15 fathoms of water, the position was in a fairway, and the masts were a peril to navigation. The work was satisfactorily performed, and the cost of doing it will be recovered from the owner of the vessel. From the time the wreck occurred until its removal a buoy and a light to mark its position were maintained by the department. A large number of plans of harbour-works have been submitted to the department for the approval of the Governor in Council, and in most cases approval has been given. A return showing the works approved and the licenses issued for the occupation of foreshore is appended hereto. A sum of £2,649 13s. 7d. was collected for pilotage and port charges during the year in respect of the ports under the control of the department. Oyster-fisheries. —The beds in the Northern Oyster-fishery, which extends from Whangaruru Harbour to the North Cape, were examined by the Inspector before the end of the close season, and, as he reported that they were not in a fit condition for picking, the whole fishery was closed, and it

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s proposed to keep it closed for the whole of the present season at all events. The Inspector reports that there is a good show of young oysters on the beds. The beds in the Tauranga fishery have also been closed for the present season, and in Manukau Harbour the leased areas have been declared open, but the other parts of the harbour have been closed. The Hauraki Gulf and Great Barrier Island, beds, which have been closed for some time, have been opened, as the rest which they have had has enabled them to become replenished. Hokianga Harbour has been declared an open fishery, and Kaipara Harbour remains open. It was anticipated that the Whangarei beds, which have been closed for some time past, would be fit to be opened this season, but, as the Inspector's report shows that they have scarcely recovered from the depletion which took place when they were last open, it has been decided to allow them to remain closed for the present. The question of prohibiting the export of rock-oysters from the colony has been under consideration, representations having been made from Auckland that unless this is done there will soon not be sufcient procurable to meet the requirements of the colony. The artificial beds in the Pelorus Sound and Tory Channel have been inspected by the Collector of Customs at Blenheim, whose report is appended hereto. The report of the company which has the license for the artificial bed in Porirua Harbour states that there are now marketable oysters there, The following convictions were obtained during the year for illegally taking oysters: A. Leath, C. Leath, and B. Williams were fined £1 and costs; Bongo Hare and Kahu Hona Mirumi, ss. and costs each for taking oysters without a license; J. Silva was fined £5 and costs for taking oysters in a closed fishery, and the yacht which he used for the purpose, which was forfeited, was restored to the owner on payment of a further sum of £10 ; W. Thompson was fined £5 and costs for taking oysters in a closed fishery, and his boat was sold; P. Garbes was fined £3 and costs for having frozen oysters in possession after the end of the open season. On the first day of the close season the Inspector visited the oyster-shops in Wellington and seized oysters in six of them ; but as the quantity in each case was small, and as the season had only closed the day before, prosecutions were not instituted. On the last day of the recent close season G. Hanegan and T. Calvert were caught taking oysters in Drunken Bay, Auckland, and their boat, together with the oysters, were seized. The latter were sold, but the boat was restored to them on payment of £5. The following licenses to occupy foreshore for the formation and cultivation of artificial beds were issued during the year: M. Banton, 4 acres in Purua Bay, Lyttelton Harbour, and E. O'Hara Canavan, 170 acres at Motueka. A list of the licenses to form artificial beds now in force is appended hereto. Sea-fisheries. —When Captain Fairchild was in England in 1896 he was asked by persons interested in deep-sea trawling for information as to what probability there was of the industry being successfully established in this colony, and on his return he submitted the correspondence on the subject to the Government, who considered that the best way of encouraging the industry would be the granting of monetary assistance towards the cost of suitable vessels. A sum was accordingly placed on the estimates, and £4,000 was voted for the purpose, but as the Government promised the House that nothing should be done in the matter of making any grants out of the vote until the fishing-grounds had been tested by experimental trawling no engagements have been entered into. The prohibition of net-fishing in the Wanganui Eiver above the Aramoho Bailwaybridge having proved beneficial in providing an undisturbed breeding-ground for flounders, the prohibition has been extended for another year, and at the end of that time it will probably be made permanent. As trawling at the northern end of Wellington Harbour was injuring the flounderbreeding grounds the practice has been prohibited in that part of the harbour to the north-westward of a line drawn from the seaward end of the railway-wharf to the northernmost point of Somes Island, and thence to the northern end of Lowry Bay. The prohibition of the use of set nets for catching whitebait has been proved to be a hardship on persons fishing in the Ashley Eiver, as, owing to the conformation and shallowness of the river, it was found impossible to catch the fish with the ordinary nets. To remedy this an Order in Council has been issued allowing the use of set nets with an opening of not more than 3 ft. by lft. Information having been received that certain persons fishing in the Kakanui Eiver were in the habit of destroying large quantities of small fish through drawing their nets on to the land before emptying them, the Collector of Customs at Oamaru, in company with a constable, made two special visits to the place, but without being able to detect any one committing the offence. There is reason to believe that the law requiring all nets to be emptied in the water is often disregarded, but it is very difficult to detect offenders. Small fish are sent up country and sold by fish-hawkers where there are no Inspectors to see that the law is not infringed. The lessees of the Auckland Islands have asked that the prohibition against the taking of seals may be relaxed so far as regards sea-lions, on the ground that these seals now exist in large numbers and destroy the grass on the islands. This cannot, however, be done without an alteration of the law, unless an open, season is made for all kinds of seals. On the " Hinemoa's " last visit to these islands the master was instructed to kill a few sea-lions and bring their skins and oil back with him in order that their commercial value might be ascertained. This was done, and the skins are now being tanned, and inquiries are being made as to the value of the oil. The following persons have been appointed Fishery Inspectors during the year: Captain J. Neale, Sergeant Wild, and Constables Price and Egan. The following convictions for offences against the Act have been obtained : For fishing in Lake Ellesmere with nets having a mesh smaller than the regulation size C. Golman was fined £2 and costs; J. Karrion, £2 and costs; A. Magaldo, £3 and costs; F. Thian, £1 10s. and costs; and E. Drew, £1 10s. and costs. The nets were forfeited. A.Vidal, of Palmerston North, was fined £1 and costs for being in possession of small fish. G. Heaton, of Sumner, was fined £1 and costs for using a net having a mesh smaller than allowed by the regulations. Ho Gee, of Greymouth, was fined £1 and costs for being in possession of a seal during the close season.

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Weather Reporting. —The daily weather forecasts have, as hitherto, been made and circulated throughout the colony by Captain Edwin. A supply of first-class standard barometers, barographs, and thermometers have been procured from England, and are now being sent to the most important stations. Examination of Masters, Mates, and Engineers. —One hundred and ninety-six candidates passed their examinations for certificates of competency, and ninety-one failed. Of those who passed, 161 were masters, mates, and engineers of sea-going vessels, and thirty-five were masters and engineers of steamships plying within restricted limits. Five certificates of service were issued. The new regulations for the examination of masters and mates, under which the examinations are more difficult than formerly, came into force on the Ist January last, and since that date there has been a falling-off in the number of candidates who have presented themselves for examination. Captain Robertson, one of the Examiners at Aucldand, has resigned, in consequence of leaving the colony, and Captain Adamson has been appointed in his place. Coastal Surveys. —Sunken rocks which were not marked on the chart having been reported to exist off Codfish Island and Paterson's Inlet, Stewart Island, Captain Neale, of the Hinemoa, surveyed the localities, and, having found the rocks, their positions have been reported to the Hydrographer to the Admiralty, in order that the necessary corrections may be made in the chart. Captain Fairchild has examined the coast near the mouth of the Owaru River, south of the Kaikoura Peninsula, where he found an excellent boat-harbour, of which he has furnished the department with a plan. A survey has been made of the coast off Akaroa Head, where it was reported that the water had shoaled, and the result has been reported to the Admiralty. The locality in which the s.s. " Tasmania" was wrecked has also been surveyed, in consequence of the master of that vessel reporting that he had struck on an unknown rock outside the danger-line. This survey was carried out by Captain Neale, of the " Hinemoa," and Mr. Armstrong, of the Survey Department, whose report shows that the Admiralty chart was practically correct, and that the vessel must have struck inside the danger-line. Government Steamers. —The "Tutanekai" has laid a new cable across Cook Strait and repaired one of the old ones. She proved an excellent vessel for the work, which was carried out without hitch of any kind. In July last she went over to Sydney for the Governor, Lord Ranfurly, and brought him to Wellington. In addition to the above work, she has been employed in carrying railway-sleepers, locomotives, and other railway plant from one port to another. The "Hinemoa" has been mainly engaged on the work of conveying oil and stores to the lighthouses, overhauling and cleaning harbour buoys, and in visiting the southern islands and the Kermadec Islands for the purpose of looking for castaways and inspecting the provision depots. Captain C. F. Post was appointed master of the vessel on Captain Neale leaving her to take up the position of Harbourmaster at Manukau. Wrecks and Casualties. —A table showing the analysis of casualties to shipping is appended hereto. Those on the coasts of the colony numbered forty-eight, representing 20,357 tons, as against sixty, representing 22,058 tons, in the previous year. The number of total wrecks within the colony, including a sailing-vessel which foundered after collision, was six, of 3,302 tons, as against nine, of 1,450 tons, in the previous year. The number of lives lost was twenty-eight, as against fifteen in 1896-97. Of these twenty-seven were on or near the coasts of the colony—viz., twelve from the " Zuleika," thirteen from the s.s. " Tasmania," and one each from the " Clematis " and " Maud Graham." The life lost beyond the colony was the result of an accident to a greaser employed in the refrigerating-engine room of the s.s. "Fifeshire." Survey of Steamers. —The report of the Engineer Surveyor on the work of the survey of steamers is appended hereto. There is now a large number of vessels in the colony provided with oil-engines, and these are required to be surveyed in the same way as steamships are surveyed ; but the question as to whether they should be required to carry certificated engineers is under consideration. As there are large numbers of this class of vessels in the United States of America, the department has procured a copy of the United States law on the subject, from which it appears that they are there treated in the same way as steamships, both as regards survey and the engineers they are required to carry. The s.s. " Invercargill" having carried more passengers than allowed by her certificate, proceedings were taken against the owner, and he was fined £2, and 2s. 6d. for each passenger carried in excess of the proper number. The administration of the Inspection of Machinery Acts has been placed under the control of this department from the Ist instant, but, as it was under the Public Works Department during last financial year, the report of the Chief Inspector for that period has been furnished to that department. Wages and Effects of Deceased Seamen. —The estates of twenty-six seamen, amounting to £257 12s. Id., were dealt with during the year. Of these, twelve were new estates. The sum of £176 15s. 10d. was paid to relatives and other claimants, and the sum of £76 6s. 3d., being the amount of unclaimed estates which had been in the hands of the department for more than six years, was paid into the Public Account. Engagement and Discharge of Seamen. —The question of the appointment of master mariners as Shipping Masters at the four principal ports has been carefully considered, but as it would appear that the advantage that would be gained by such appointments would not justify the expenditure that they would necessitate it has been decided to continue the present system, under which the Collectors of Customs perform the duties. Mr. Bollons, chief officer of the s.s. "Tutanekai," has been appointed Shipping Clerk at the Wellington Customhouse, but this appointment will entail very little additional expenditure, as the former Shipping Clerk will perform ordinary Customs work at another port. Proceedings were taken against Captain J. Crawford, of the s.s. " Huia," for not having reported the engagement and discharge of certain seamen to the Customs for the purpose of getting the transactions ratified. A fine of £1 and costs was imposed. Proceedings were also taken against Mr. J. C. Cooper, of Wellington, for procuring employment for a seaman without a

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license to do so. He was fined £2 10s. and costs, and his license has not been renewed. Captain Hutchison, of the " Auriga," was prosecuted for shipping a boy without putting him on the articles, and was fined ss. and costs. Colonial Pilots. —Captain B. Butt having piloted the barque " Dundale " from Wellington to Dunedin without obtaining a renewal of his license, which had expired over a month before, proceedings were taken against him, when he was fined Is., and £1 Bs. costs. Proceedings were also taken against Captain Galbraith on a charge of having acted as pilot of the s.s. " Gothic " from Lyttelton to Dunedin without a license, but the case was dismissed. The Staff. —The cadet mentioned in the last paragraph of my report for last year has now been promoted to be a clerk after four years of service, and in order to overtake the increasing work of the office without the necessity for obtaining extra clerical assistance a cadet has been appointed. I have, &c, W. T. Glasgow, Secretary.

The Nautical Adviser and Inspector of Lighthouses to the Secretary, Marine Department. Sir,— Wellington, 30th April, 1898. I have the honour to inform you that during the past year I have inspected all the lighthouses (with the exception of two) in the colony. The result of my inspection is most satisfactory ; the lighting apparatus and towers at all the stations I visited are in good order and well kept. The keepers' dwelling-houses, almost without exception, are well kept. Several of the older dwellings have been thoroughly renovated and repaired, and in some instances additional rooms have been added to the dwelling-houses, which were not considered large enough. Also, at some of the stations more modern out-offices have been erected, and where required the keepers have been supplied with suitable material to erect cowsheds and fowlhouses. The repairs to the houses and the additions were executed by the Lighthouse Artificer and the department's carpenter, assisted by the keepers. In some cases it was necessary to obtain outside assistance. The work alluded to has been well and faithfully done, and should last for an indefinite period. At two or three of the oldest lighthouse-stations the keepers' dwellings are only in fair condition, and will require overhauling shortly. At several of the stations portions of the fencing round the lighthouse reserve have been repaired and renewed where required. As regards the keepers themselves, I can only indorse what I have already stated in my former report—that is, I found them a steady, reliable body of men, attentive to their duties, and. fully alive to the responsibility of their position. Deaths. —Mr. Nicolas Sciascia, the first assistant lighthouse-keeper at Portland Island, met his death by being gored by a bull, which was partly owned by himself. After the sad accident the animal was destroyed. Four months ago I saw the bull, and it appeared to me to be particularly tame and quiet. During the year much has been done to improve the lighting system on the coast, and also in several of the harbours. South Head, Hokianga River. —On the 15th March last a bright light was exhibited for the first time at South Head, Hokianga Eiver. This light is of great assistance to vessels bound into Hokianga Eiver. For the further convenience of vessels bound in or out by night, two white lights are kept at the station for the purpose of being used as temporary leading lights for guiding vessels across the bar when required. These lights are only used when the Harbourmaster .thinks it is prudent to do so. Otago Harbour. —For the convenience of vessels using the harbour by night, the Otago Harbour Board have exhibited two bright lights. One is situated off Deborah Bay and the other is situated on the west point of Quarantine Island. Westport Harbour. —The Westport Harbour Board have introduced a new system of harbour lights and night-signals, which are a great improvement on the old system. Picton Harbour. —For the convenience of shipping at Picton Wharf, dolphins, mooring-posts, and ring-bolts have been provided. East Cape, East Island. —ln March last the Marine Engineer and I visited Bast Island for the purpose of selecting sites for the lighthouse and dwellings. Suitable sites have been chosen, and plans are now being prepared for the tower. There is no fresh water on East Island, consequently large water-storage will have to be provided. On the west side of the island, opposite the mainland, there are good landing-places in moderate weather. Cook's Cove. —On our return journey from East Island Cook's Cove and Sporing Channel, Tolago Bay, were inspected by us, with a view of ascertaining their suitability as harbours for small vessels. We found that, owing to the shallowness of the water at low tide and the rocky uneven bottom, they are only suitable in their present condition to be used as boat-harbours. I have, &c, Geo. Allman, Nautical Adviser and Inspector of Lighthouses.

The Principal Examiner of Masters and Mates to the Secretary, Marine Department. Sir,— Wellington, 30th April, 1898. I have the honour to inform you that since my last report I have inspected the examina-tion-rooms at the four principal porta where the examination of masters and mates are held. I have also interviewed the Examiners concerning the new examinations which came into force at the commencement of the year. I find that the examination-rooms are thoroughly equipped for conducting the new examinations, and the Examiners have a thorough grasp of the new require-

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ments. The Board of Trade, London, have supplied every possible information for conducting these examinations, and the Agent-General procured the necessary instruments, books, and charts ; the instruments comprise terrestrial globes, barometers, thermometers, and hydrometers. The present subjects for examination for masters' and mates' certificates in New Zealand are identical with those of the Board of Trade, and the examinations are conducted on exactly the same lines. A new book of regulations relating to the examination of masters and mates in the mercantile marine has been published. Candidates will find this book most useful, as it contains all the information they are likely to require. It can be obtained at the principal Customhouses in the colony, at a cost of Is. each. Owing to the retirement of Captain Eobertson, Examiner at Auckland, the vacancy has been filled by the appointment of Captain John Adamson, an experienced master mariner, who has only lately retired from the sea. It was found necessary to have another Examiner of Masters and Mates for the Port of Wellington, owing to the occasional absence of the Principal Examiner on departmental duties. Consequently, Sir Arthur Douglas, formerly in the Imperial navy and now Under-Secretary of Defence, was appointed Examiner. I have, &c, Geo. Allman, Principal Examiner of Masters and Mates. The Secretary, Marine Department, Wellington.

The Collectob, Wairau, to the Sbceetaby, Marine Department. (Memorandum.) 31st January, 1898. In accordance with your instructions I examined, on the 10th December last, the oyster-beds occupied by the under-mentioned settlers, and beg to report as follows : — Tory Channel Beds. Peter Ewing, Hitaua Bay. —Since the date of my last inspection I find that this licensee has erected more wattling further out from low-water mark, in about 3 ft. of water at low spring-tides. In the enclosure formed by this erection he placed oysters taken from a depth of five fathoms, with the natural result that the oysters are dead, not having been able to stand the altered conditions of temperature, &c. There has been practically no result from Mr. Ewing's labours. This is much to be regretted, as he has conscientiously struggled to make his planting successful at some expense, but has failed for want of knowledge of the habits of oysters. Henry Baxter, Arroivsmith Bay. —Since the date of my last inspection more oysters have been scattered along the foreshore of the oyster-bed, and there is a fair growth of young oysters. Oysters taken from deep water and placed in the shallow I find dead, having evidently been unable to adapt themselves to the altered conditions of habitat. William Davenport, Arroivsmith Bay. —Since the date of my last visit I find that this licensee has erected wattling of scrub, and has scattered a quantity of oysters in the enclosure formed by this protection, but there did not appear to be any young oysters, and most of the brood oysters are dead. All the licensees named herein suffered considerably from large land-slips which took place eighteen months ago, and I found a great quantity of muddy matter was raised from the bottom by the least roll running. There was also much seaweed to be seen in all the beds, and the licensees told me that it gives them a great deal of trouble—it grows so quickly. This is a natural result in warm, shallow, well-sheltered bays. The fact that all the licensees failed to char the scrub used for wattling is fatal to the growth thereon of young oysters. lam now satisfied that the licensees of these beds will not succeed unless they erect stonewalls, cairns, and enclosures on their holdings. Pelorus Sound. I visited Mr. Percy Neame's foreshore in Mahau Sound on the 23rd January last. I found hat absolutely nothing had been yet done by him to stock his beds. Black Point. Alexander Maule. —Mr. Maule has conscientiously laboured to make his venture successful. Every mode of culture has been tried, none having succeeded but the stonewall and cairn system. On the large rocks standing well out from low-water mark the growth of young oysters has been phenomenal, as also upon the seaward side of a low wall built loosely of stones by Mr. Maule. The licensee now sees that, to make the bed a payable one, stonewalls, cairns, and enclosures must be made along all suitable portions of the foreshore, and that the rocks must be cleared of all shellfish. These undertakings will be costly. A. Caetee, Collector.

The Peinoipal Engineer-Suevbyob of Steamers and Chief Examinee of Engineers to the Secretary of the Marine Department. Sir,— Principal Engineer-Surveyor's Office, Wellington, 29th April, 1898. I have the honour to submit my annual report for the financial year ended the 31st March, 1898. The work has gone on very smoothly, and a large increase of vessels has to be recorded more especially auxiliary-powered traders and pleasure-launches using light oils as a motivepower. This is a very handy driving [power. The machinery is on the double-cylinder principle single acting, with an explosion every revolution in each alternate cylinder. The ignition after

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the mixture has been compressed is fired by electricity. As an auxiliary means of propulsion in calm weather or when nearing port for a sailing-vessel this new method of generating power will, I think, be largely used in the future. In America this class of engine is much in evidence, and if the, oil industry at Taranaki prove successful we will, I think, find this a favourite means of developing power on land as well as on board ship. On my last visit to Auckland I had the pleasure of a run in a launch fitted with a 10-horse-power gasoline engine, built by the Century Motor-power Company of Auckland (and a very creditable colonial production it was), in Auckland Harbour. It only took three minutes to get under way, attaining a speed of eight miles an hour in less than five minutes, without any firing up or the long waiting for steam to be raised as in a launch fitted with a steam-boiler. The usual amount of repairs have been executed, and some of the steam-vessels, through natural wear-and-tear, demand the closest attention of the Surveyor. No serious mishap has occurred to any New Zealand owned steamer during the year, which speaks well for the close and rigid inspection of the Surveyors. Steel ships we find are much more liable to decay than iron, and in Great Britain the builders are again introducing iron for the scantlings in engine and stoke-hold compartments, where oxidization is much increased by the heat from the boiler and engines. Electricity as a light has been fitted into a great number of the coastal vessels, and adds much to the comfort of the travelling public. Alexander McVicar was appointed an additional Engineer-Surveyor in the early part of April, 1897, and has helped to pull up the arrears of our work. He is stationed in Wellington, but has assisted in the Auckland, Canterbury, and Otago Districts when required. A uniform system now prevails throughout the colony for the survey of steamers, and the latest Board of Trade requirements are adopted as they are issued by that body. Numerous excursions have been run throughout the year without mishap. This shows that the vessels have been well handled by their deck and engineer officers, and that the supervision of the Customs has been effectual in preventing overcrowding, which would no doubt often happen without this supervision. A good number of engineers have been examined during the year, the third-class certificate having been much in favour with the young workmen out of the shop. Three hundred and one surveys have been held, the total number of steamers surveyed being 228.

The following table shows the number of steamers engaged in the respective trades, their tonnage, horse-power, and fees payable for survey: —

Attached will be found particulars of steamers surveyed, giving names, tons register, horsepower, nature of machinery and propeller, also trade in which employed. I have, &c, Eobbet Duncan, Principal Engineer-Surveyor. The Secretary, Marine Department.

Number. Trade in which engaged. Aggregate Registered Nominal Registered Tonnage. Horse-power. Fees payable. 26 67 135 Foreign Home Trade i Eiver and Extended Eiver 27,344 12,480 3,871 5,255 4,088 2,493 £. s. d. 353 10 0 527 10 0 451 0 0 . 228 43,695 11,836 1,332 0 0

H.—ls.

Return of Steamers to which Certificates of Survey were issued in New Zealand during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

8

Name of Vessel. S , on .H 03 h a asgw otd K a Nature of Engines. Nature of Propeller. Glass of Certificate. Remarks. Admiral Ahuriri *Akaroa •Albany •Alexandra Alice Anglian •Aorere Aotea Argyle Antrim Awarua •Beatrice Beautiful Star •Bella Ben Lomond .. Beryl •Birkenhead •Blanche •Britannia Brunner Canterbury Charles Edward Chelmsford Clansman Clara •Clematis Comet Oorinna Coromandel Coy Delta •Despatch (Auckland) Despatch (Blufi) Dingadee •Douglas *Duco Durham •Eagle Echo •Effort Eliza Elsie Endon 82 31 43 8 73 3 1354 49 89 126 36 100 8 146 12 33 50 17 28 8 30 4 280 16 15 45 30 80 10 30 12 15 6 16 9 40 95 24 60 24 99 24 4 2* 141 25 2 24 6 20 80 20 60 30 70 3 12 3 8 5 Compound Screw Extended river let N.Z. Survey. Non-condensing .. Paddle ! '. Screw Eiver Launch. Compound Foreign trade .. Home trade. 1st N.Z. Survey. Oil engines Compound Non-condensing .. Condensing Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Oil engines Non-condensing .. 1st Survey. Paddle Screw Eiver. Home trade Extended river. Home trade. Extended river. River. Tug. 55 18 108 333 Paddle Screw Paddle Screw Twin-screw.. New Launoh. 123 70 336 Triple expansion .. Non-condensing .. Compound Screw Home trade. Extended river.. Home trade. Launoh. 5 Non-condensing .. Sternwheel .. Screw River. 820 67 Compound Oil engines Non-condensing .. Foreign trade. Extended river. River New Launoh. Sternwheel .. Screw 24 393 55 26 53 138 Compound Condensing Triple expansion .. Compound Twin-screw.. Screw Home trade. Extended river.. Tug. 13 Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Paddle Screw Paddle Screw River Launoh. 15 Extended river. Pishing vessel (formerly "Toroa"). Condensing •Enterprise •Erin Ethel J. •Fairy Falcon Fanny •Fingal Flora Flower of Kent Gairlooh Glenelg Goldfinch •Hauroto Hawea Heathcote Help Herald Hercules Hirere Horeke Huia (Wellington) •Huia (Auckland) •Ida Invercargill •Invincible •Iona .. Irene Jane Douglas .. Janet Nicoll .. J.D.O. John Anderson Kahu Kaituna Kanieri Kate .. "Katikati Kawatiri 61 20 32 67 22 838 2ii 156 1276 1114 94 370 51 30 4 16 15 54 30 11 180 34 85 75 12 250 104 35 14 85 36 16 4 25 8 10 50 25 65 24 22 90 28 25 40 4 20 5 8 70 Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Condensing Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Triple expansion .. Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Oil engines Condensing Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Paddle Screw Twin-screw.. Screw Twin-screw .. Screw River. Extended river. River Home trade. Extended river. Foreign trade. River Home trade. River. Foreign trade. River Home trade. River. Launoh. 1st Survey. Hopper-barge. Launoh. 1st Survey. 90 i> .. .. Home trade. River. Launoh. 12 123 50 159 Compound Home trade. Extended river. Home trade. River Extended river. Home trade. Extended river Non-condensing .. Compound w • * 75 496 87 36 99 Tug. 115 Non-condensing .. Condensing Compound Foreign trade. River Home trade. River Extended river. Home trade. Launoh. 27 285 * Surve; r ed twice, and in some cases three times.

H.—ls.

Return of Steamers to which Certificates of Survey were issued, &c.— continued.

2—H, 15.

9

Name of Vessel. i Si O M EH |i°8 M W fl Nature ol Engines. Nature of Propeller. Class of Certificate. Kemarke. Kawau Kennedy Kia Ora Kiripaka Kopu Kopuru Koputai •Kotuku Lady Barkly Lily ♦Little George Lyttelton Mahinapua Mana (Weetport) Mana (Wellington) Manapouri *Manaroa Manukau Manuwai *Maori Mararoa •Matau •Matuku Mavis Mawhera Medora MinniejOasey Moa Mokoia Monowai Moss Eose Mountaineer Moutoa Napier Nell .. Ngunguru •Nile .. Noko No. 121 No. 222 Oban Ohau Ohinemuri Ohuru Omapere Onslow Orowaiti ... Osprey Ovalau •Paeroa •Paiaka Pareora Parera •Patiki *Peloru3 Penguin •Phcenix ♦Pilot .. Piraki *Planet Poherua Pukaki Queen of the South Eakanoa •Result (Tauranga) ♦Eesult (Napier) Bichmond *Riro Riro Eosamond Eose Casey • .. Eotokino •Eotomahana (Dunedin) Eotomahana (Auckland) Eotorua •Scotchman •Sea Gull •Snark Southern Cross Stafia (Dunedin) Stella Stormbird Sunbeam Sumner •Sylph 3Y 125 150 72 10 43 65 20 13 20 120 40 20 12 4 80 80 90 25 300 24 15 25 8 530 40 3 8 75 20 25 33 4 290 6 60 4 30 2 12 20 9 100 120 16 92 26 60 80 14 70 70 75 16 10 71 10 22 12 180 6 13 9 8 128 110 40 200 10 23 105 4 90 109 135 450 45 172 10 6 10 50 H 90 40 8 35 4 Compound u • • Screw Twin-screw .. Screw Paddle Screw Paddle Three screws Screw Twin-screw .. Screw Paddle Twin-screw .. Paddle Screw Extended river. Home trade. Extended river.. Home trade. Extended river.. Eiver. Home trade. Eiver. Home trade. Extended river. Eiver Extended river.. Home trade. First Survey. Non-condensing .. 28 5 41 39 20 4 39 205 51 51 1,020 78 45 75 17 1,380 50 3 Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Launch. Tug. Tug. Non-condensing .. # • ■ Sternwheel .. Screw * • • Foreign trade. Home trade Extended river. Eiver. Extended river. Foreign <trade. Eiver. First survey. Triple expansion .. Non-condensing .. Sternwheel .. Screw Launch. First survey. 340 67 48 109 Oil-engines Compound Oil-engines Compound Home trade Non-oondensing .. Triple expansion.. Condensing Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Oil-engines Condensing Non-condensing .. Eiver. Home trade. Eiver Foreign trade. Eiver. Launch. 2,137 66 Paddle !! Screw 48 * • • 0 • • • • Home trade. Eiver Extended river. New launoh. 54 21 15 894 502 27 411 73 20 352 16 283 138 767 45 10 355 Compound Compound Oil-engines Condensing Compound Paddle '.'. Screw Twin-sorew .. Screw Twin-screw .. Screw Twin-screw .. Home trade H Eiver Home trade. Eiver. Home trade. Eiver. Foreign trade. Extended river. Dredge. First survey. Quadruple expans'n Compound Paddle !! Screw Fishing veeeel. Triple expansion .. Oil-engines Non-condensing .. Home trade. Eiver New launoh. 37 18 517 6 11 10 13 749 917 121 1,393 13 18 475 Paddle Screw Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Home trade. Extended river. River. Extended river. Triple expansion .. Compound Foreign trade. Now " Haupiri." Launoh. Triple expansion .. Non-condensing .. tt Home trade. Foreign trade. Extended river. 462 100 1,304 901 139 576 30 Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Home trade River Home trade. Extended river. Foreign trade. Quadruple expans'n Compound Non-condensing .. Home trade. Extended river. Fishing vessel. Launch. 12 158 Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Foreign trade. Eiver Home trade. 157 137 Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Eiver 94 5 Hopper-barge. Launoh. am, * Surveyed twice, and in some cases three times.

H.—ls.

Return of Steamers to which Certificates of Survey were issued, &c.— continued.

Return showing the Certificates of Service issued to Masters, Mates, and Engineers during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

10

Name of Vessel. A . n.S o a> Eh a I g« Nature of Engines. Nature of Propeller. Class of Certificate. Bemarks. Taieri •Tainui (Auckland) Tainui (Nelson) Tairua Takapuna (Dunedin) .. *Takapuna (Auckland) .. Talune Tangihua Tarawera *Tarewai Taupo Taviuni Tavvera Te Aroha Te Anau Tekapu Terranora Thomas King Timaru Titiroa •Tongariro Torea Tuakau *Tui .. Tuna Upolu •Victoria Victory *Vivid.. Waiapu Waihi Waihora Waikare *Waikato Waimarie Wainui Waiotahi Wairere Waipara Wairoa (Auckland) Wairoa (Napier) *Wairoro •Waitangi Waitara Waitoa Waiwera Kaipara) Waiwera Lyttelton) Waiwera Henley) Wakatere Wakatipu Wakatu Wareatea Warka worth Wasp Waverley *Weka (Auckland) Weka (Napier) Wellington •Westland Whangape Winona •Yankee Doodle Zephyr 1,071 47 370 58 1,303 20 1,269 7 408 910 44 50 1,028 50 199 70 211 62 9 700 92 6 61 63 1,269 1,901 56 159 391 168 27 70 63 48 155 20 7 6 165 20 255 15 250 14 92 135 40 14 250 25 94 16 78 3 25 18 2 6* 14 120 50 4 14 15 20 250 229 20 48 95 56 80 30 24 20 10 5 12 16 6 15 7 140 256 30 70 10 1 25 27 20 90 64 6 8 12 12 Triple expansion .. Non-condensing .. Oil-engines Compound Non-condensing .. Triple expansion .. Non-condensing .. Compound Quadruple expans'n Oil engines Non-condensing .. Compound Condensing Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Compound Quadruple expans'n Non-condensing .. Oil-engine Compound Screw Paddle Screw Paddle '.'. Screw Paddle '. '. Screw Paddle Screw Twin-screw .. Screw Paddle Screw Twin-screw .. Screw Paddle Screw Foreign trade. River. Home trade. River. Foreign trade. Eiver. Foreign trade. Eiver. Foreign trade. Extended river.. Eiver. Foreign trade. Extended river. Home trade. Extended river. Home trade Eiver Extended river. River Extended river. Foreign trade. Extended river. River Extended river. Home trade Foreign trade. Launch. First survey. Tug. Launch. New launoh. Launch. First survey. Triple expansion .. Non-condensing .. Compound .Paddle Screw River. Home trade. Non-condensing .. Twin-screw .. Paddle Twin-screw .. Screw River. Home trade Since wrecked. Compound Condensing Non-condensing .. Eiver. Extended river. Launch. 27 Compound ' .. Twin-screw .. Screw "e Eiver 157 1,258 95 288 24 Non-condensing .. Compound Quadruple expans'n Compound Paddle ! '. Screw River Home trade Foreign trade. Home trade. Launch. First survey. 77 86 53 279 35 Oil engines Non-condensing .. Compound Twin-screw .. River Home trade. River. Home trade. New launoh. Screw Tug. Launch. Fishing vessel. 19 6 8 Condensing Non-condensing .. Compound Non-condensing .. Paddle .' '. Screw River Extended river.. River Paddle '.'. Screw * Surveyed twice, and in some cases three times.

Name of Person. Bank. Class of Certificate. Date of Issue. No. iichard Norman "ames Stephenson Clendon 'ohn Nelson ohn^Corrigan oseph Rodrigues .. .. Master .. Home trade 3 April, 1897 .. 2682 2 Sept., „ .. 2683 .. 26 Oct., , .. 2684 1 Nov., „ .. 2685 3 Deo., „ .. 2686

11

H.—ls

Return showing the Total Ordinary Expenditure of the Marine Department during the Financial Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Nature of Expenditure. Details. Totals. Grand Totals. £ s. a. £ s. d. £ s. :ead Office :— Secretary, also Secretary and Inspector of Customs Chief Clerk Clerks Cadet Nautical Adviser, &c. .. 320 0 0 299 0 3 59 10 11 400 0 0 1,078 11 :— Manukau, — Salaries Contingencies Russell, — Contingencies Hokianga,— Salaries Contingencies Kaipara,— Salaries Subsidy to steamer for harbour-work Removal of beacons Contingencies Opunake, — Salary Contingencies Poxton, — Salary Contingencies Rangitikei,— Salary .. . • • ■ • • Contingencies Tauranga, — Contingencies Mokau, — Salaries Erection of flagstaff Contingencies Wairau, — Salary Removal of snags Contingencies Havelock, — Erection of beacons Contingencies Nelson, — Salaries Contingencies Riwaka, — Maintenance of lights Motueka, — Salary Waitapu,— Salary Maintenance of leading lights Contingencies Collingwood,— Salary Contingencies Karamea, — Salary Construction of stop-bank Contingencies Okarito, — Salary .. .. ■ • ■ • " Contingencies ... ■ • • • Okuru, — Signalling vessels Contingencies Little Wanganui,— Signalling vessels Contingencies Waikawa, — Salary Wilson's River,— Grant for wharf Whakatane, — Removal of rocks .. Maraetai, — Erection of wharf.. Whangarei,— Grant for repairs to town wharf .. •*< 426 0 0 138 4 2 12 6 9 385 0 0 340 0 0 83 14 6 36 10 2 25 0 0 1 10 6 274 0 0 5 16 0 190 0 0 47 11 11 31 5 0 102 10 0 24 7 0 145 0 0 35 13 9 46 15 4 24 0 0 21 0 2 40 12 0 2 17 6 8 13 3 564 4 2 12 6 9 279 16 8 845 4 8 26 10 6 237 11 11 45 0 2 8 1Q Q Id o 158 2 0 227 9 1 43 9 6 504 0 0 119 16 5 623 16 5 10 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 25 0 0 50 0 0 0 5 6 75 5 6 25 0 0 16 5 0 41 5 0 43 6 8 68 11 2 11 0 4 122 18 2 37 10 0 42 3 3 79 13 8 6 0 0 5 11 0 11 11 0 13 0 0 7 2 0 20 2 0 15 0 0 15 0 0 193 5 10 193 5 10 98 8 5 98 8 5 336 4 11 336 4 11 100 0 0 100 0 0

H.—ls.

Return showing the Total Ordinary Expenditure of the Marine Department— continued.

Return showing the Number of Masters, Mates, and Engineers examined during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898, distinguishing the Number of Successful and Unsuccessful Candidates.

12

Nature of Expenditure. Details. Totals. Grand Totals. Harboubs — continued. Cape Turnagain,— Contingencies : Report on landing-place £ S. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 6 9 0 6 9 0 Pension of J. Hebberley 50 0 0 50 0 0 Buoy chain Port light General contingencies 120 2 11 52 0 0 89 11 9 4,504 2 Iα - 261 14 8 Lighthouses :— Salaries of keepers Travelling-expenses of keepers Oil .. Stores and contingencies Lighthouse artificer Pension of Mrs. Deck Fog signal, Pencarrow Head 9,048 6 0 79 19 5 1,501 19 9 2,328 2 11 200 0 0 24 0 0 374 14 7 13,557 2 8 13,557 2 8 Departmental travelling-expenses Coastal buoys, beacons, and surveys Sundries Charts Inquiries into wrecks and casualties Relief of distressed New Zealand seamen Relief of distressed seamen (other than New Zealand) Survey of unseaworthy ships 37 18 6 64 8 4 333 11 10 76 3 3 438 14 3 4 17 6 16 7 3 2 2 0 974 2 11 Administration of " The Sea-fisheries Act, 1894," — Protection of fish Protection of oysters 196 7 4 237 9 11 974 2 11 Fish Hatcheries .. .. .. .. r ■ ■ 433 17 3 433 17 3 129 6 1 Examination of Masters and Mates, — Salaries Contingencies 129 6 1 129 6 1 162 1 8 197 10 0 Weather Forecasts, — Salary .. .. .. ' Barometers Contingencies 359 11 8 359 11 8 300 0 0 216 7 8 34 5 6 550 13 2 550 13 2 Government Steamers, — S.s. " Hinemoa," — Wages, stores, provisions, &c. S.s. " Tutanekai," — Wages, stores, provisions, &c, 6,775 4 0 8,299 10 7 Less amount received for freight, passages, &o. .. 15,074 14 7 4,646 6 3 10,428 8 4 10,428 8 4 Less amount of credits to vote 32,015 16 1 372 9 5 Total £31,643 6 8

Auckland. We: llingi son. Lyttelti 111. Dunedi in. Othi arPli toes. 'otali Class of Certificate. re d Cβ o P4 fe H £ I J 'O IT) q as M i—i d '=3 o H ■a CD CCJ o H 1 1 a i o En I I Ph (!) '3 1 o EH roreign - going masters and mates lome-trade masters and mates liver-steamer masters Sea-going engineers liver-steamer engineers tarine engine-drivers i 9 9 4 19 8 5 7 3 2 9 6 4 16 12 6 28 14 9 28 12 3 31 i 2 1 11 2 1 25 53 12 4 42 6 3 12 2 '7 1 5 1 1 17 2 8 2 4 3 15 3 *5 10 .. 3 .. 2 20 10 3 1 2 36 15 1 1 2 10 2 3 53 26 9 82 17 9 43 3 3 26 10 6 96 29 12 108 27 15 Totals 54 80 40 120 22 7 25 11 2 17 196 91 287 31 85 29

13

H.—IS,

Return showing the Cost of Maintenance of the New Zealand Lighthouses, and the Quantity of Oil consumed at each, during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Note.—This return does not include the cost of the periodical visits made to the lighthouses by the Government steamer with oil, stores, and provisions. The proportion of the steamer's expenses chargeable to this service is about £5,000 a year.

Return showing the Number of Notices to Mariners relating to Matters within the Colony issued by the Marine Department during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Oil. Name of Lighthouse. Salaries. Gallons consumed. Value. and Contingencies. Totals. Cape Maria van Diemen Moko Hinou Tiri-Tiri .. .. ... Bean Rock Ponui Passage Cuvier Island Portland Island.. Napier Bluff Cape Palliser f .. Pencarrow Head Somes Island Cape Egmont Manukau Head Manukau South Head leading-lights Manukau North Head leading-lights Kaipara Head Brothers Tory Channel leading-lights Cape Campbell Godley Head Akaroa Head Moeraki Taiaroa Head Cape Saunders Nugget Point Waipapapa Point Dog Island Centre Island Puysegur Point Hokitika Cape Foulwind Farewell Spit Nelson Stephens Island French Pass £ s. d. 356 18 10 400 0 0 300 0 0 160 0 0 160 0 0 330 0 0 368 16 4 20 0 0 192 0 0 269 3 0 156 0 0 290 0 0 262 3 7 983 831 490 *89 75 1,341 792 Gas 324 945 214 577 536 170 146 547 677 166 560 533 598 542 535 652 881 560 780 862 888 Gas 490 533 236 1,805 123 £ s. d. 73 14 6 62 6 6 36 15 0 4 8 0 5 12 6 100 11 6 59 12 3 11 19 3 24 6 0 70 17 6 16 1 0 43 5 6 40 4 0 12 15 0 10 19 0 41 0 6 50 15 6 12 9 0 41 2 0 39 19 6 44 17 0 40 13 0 40 2 6 48 18 0 66 1 6 41 2 0 58 10 0 64 13 0 66 12 0 15 5 0 36 15 0 39 19 6 17 14 0 135 7 6 9 4 6 £ a. d. 127 11 7 106 9 7 37 17 6 50 3 2 17 11 8 95* 18 0 254 16 6 b 0 7 6 56 15 9 132 12 10° 52 11 5 a 77 15 7 45 3 2 e £ s. a. 558 4 11 568 16 1 374 12 6 214 11 2 183 i 2 526 9 6 683 5 1 32 6 9 273 1 9 472 13 4 224 12 5 411 1 1 347 10 9 120 0 0 276 10 0 503 0 2 90 0 0 281 6 11 265 0 0 270 0 0 270 0 0 293 6 8 280 0 0 270 16 8 260 0 0 377 19 1 361 18 9 353 i 3 15 0 0 290 0 0 349 1 9 261 0 0 385 0 0 210 0 0 ! 18 4 10 161 18 10 125 15 6 76 17 4 2 18 6 83 14 7 53 13 10 37 2 9 29 11 9 34 11 5 25 8 6 64 18 2 26 1 11 86 17 4 f 109 4 10 109 14 1 443 6 0 630 13 0 105 7 6 406 3 6 358 13 4 351 19 9 340 4 9 368 0 7 354 6 6 401 16 4 327 3 11 523 6 5 535 16 7 529 10 4 30 5 0 389 7 7 460 18 4 363 19 4 675 14 8 231 15 8 62 12 7 71 17 1 85 5 4 155 7 2B 12 11 2 Totals 9,048 6 0 19,481 1,484 8 6 2,328 2 11 12,860 17 5 * Kerosene, t First lighted 27th October, 1897. cost of repairs. d Includes £15 Is. lid., repairs, e Includes £38 3s. 7d., for enlar i> Includes £159 Is. 6d., cost of iost of repairs. e Includes i jement of house. enlargement of hi 218 2s. fld., cost of i ouse, &c. o Incluc repairs. f Inclui les £58 14s. 4d., les £3 15s., for

Port or Place. Subject of Notice. Wellington Harbour Pencarrow Head Coromandel Harbour Manukau Harbour Vision Rock Hauraki Gulf Auckland Harbour Hokianga River Kaipara Harbour Light on end of new ferry jetty, Waterloo Quay. Buoy off Steeple Rook. Temporary mark-buoys, Mahanga Bay. Erection of explosive fog-signalling apparatus, preliminary notice. Lights on Ooromandel Wharf. Shoaling off Heron Spit, entrance to South Channel. Expunged from Admiralty Chart. Position of wreck of barquentine " Waitemata " (two notices). Light on Quay Street Jetty, No. 3. Temporary lights—Outer Eastern Tee, Queen Street Wharf, Exhibition of lights at South Head. Position of buoy off Tory Shoal. Removal of leading beacons. Position of wreck of sunken s.s. " Tasmania." Erection of lighthouse and exhibition of light (two notices). Position of mooring posts and dolphin, and alteration in position of wharf light. Additional Harbour lights off Deborah Bay and on Quarantine Island. Mining and blasting operations at Mid-channel Rock. Buoy abreast of Guiding Star Rock. Leading beacons ereoted. Sunken rocky patch, Codfish Island, and sunken rock, Kaipipi Bay. Position of rock on which s.s. " Tutanekai " touched. Alteration in harbour lights and night signals. Ereotion of Explosives Wharf, Buller River. Mahia Peninsula Cape Palliser Picton Harbour .. Otago Harbour .. Bluff Harbour .. New River Paterson Inlet .. Daggs Sound Westport Harbour

f1.—15

Return showing the Cost of Erection of the New Zealand Coastal Lighthouses.

Return showing the Fees, &c., received under the Shipping and Seamen's Acts, the Merchant Shipping Act, and for Pilotage and Port Charges, &c., during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Return showing the Amount of Light-dues collected during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Return showing the Amount of Pilotage, Port Charges, &c., collected during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

14

Name of Lighthouse. Cost of Erection. Pencarrow Heaa Nelson Tiri-Tiri .. Mana Island* Taiaroa Head Godley Head Dog Island Farewell Spit Nugget Point Cape Campbell Manukau Head Cape Foulwind Brothers Portland Island Moeraki Centre Island Puysegur Point Cape Maria van Diemen Akaroa Head Cape Saunders Cape Egmontf Moko Hinou Waipapapa Point Ponui Passage} Kaipara Head French Pass Cuvier Island Stephens Island Cape Palliser Cost of telegraph cable to Tiri-Tiri Miscellaneous and unallocated £ s. a. 6,422 0 4 2,824 8 9 5,747 7 2 5,513 0 1 4,923 14 11 4,705 16 i. 10,480 12 8 6,139 11 8 6,597 3 7 5,619 2 6 4,975 2 4 6,955 9 1 6,241 0 0 6,554 14 5 4,288 13 2 5,785 19 0 9,958 19 5 7,028 14 8 7,150 6 5 6,066 6 3 3,353 17 11 8,186 5 0 5,969 18 11 5,571 8 0 1,427 17 5 7,406 16 11 9,349 9 11 6,243 16 1 1,085 19 6 1,322 2 2 Total .. £173,895 14 7 * Light discontinued; moved to Cape Bgmont. ■f Cost of iron tower, lantern, and apparatus, which were renoved from Mana Island, is not included in this. t Built by Provincial Government of Auckland; cost not mown in Marine Department.

Port. Amount collected. Auckland Onehunga .. Whangarei Whangaroa Eussell Mongonui Hokianga .. Kaipara Thames Coromandel Tauranga Poverty Bay Napier New Plymouth Waitara Wanganui Patea Wellington Wairau Picton Nelson Westport Greymouth Hokitika Lyttelton Timaru Oamaru Dunedin .. ... Bluff and Invereargill £ S. d. 4,833 0 31 78 8 8 78 16 0 5 19 11 1 40 1 3 12 8 8 3 0 170 2 11 114 3 7 33 10 3 28 3 10 T| 288 5 9 •"! 460 19 9 112 18 8 78 11 2 91 2 7 6 11 10 4,906 8 0 10 12 6 233 8 6 322 1 2 384 14 10 167 7 4 3 8 11 1,789 14 5 345 3 2 69 15 5 1,495 7 7 1,693 5 11 Total £17,851 8 7

Name of Port. Pilotage. Port Charges, &c. Total. Auckland* Oneliunga Hokianga Kaipara Thames* Gisborne* Wairoa* Napier* New Plymouth* Waitara* Wanganui* Patea* Foxton Wellington* Wairau Nelson Hokitika* Lyttelton* Timaru* Oamaru* Dunedin* Invercargill* .. Bluff* Biverton* £ s. d. 176 17 1 6 0 6 4 18 0 195 15 3 93 6 8 85 15 5 93 9 6 647 15 4 62 5 6 74 3 0 442 3 4 26 5 9 126 19 6 327 0 0 106 19 0 600 2 10 £ s. d. 2,519 18 2 80 8 9 879 10 5 737 16 4 2 4 3 2,826 14 7 113 19 4 76 3 9 6 3 3 £ s. d. 2,696 15 3 86 9 3 4 18 0 1,075 5 8 93 6 8 823 11 9 95 13 9 3,474 9 11 176 4 10 150 6 9 442 3 4 32 9 0 126 19 6 7,974 1 4 106 19 0 1,249 2 2 t29 1 8 7,716 3 4 2,527 13 10 fl,347 3 2 9,896 8 7 18 5 10 4,005 6 8 4 16 0 7,647' 1 4 4,246 19 8 657 5 9 648 19 4 29 1 8 3,469 3 8 1,870 8 1 1,347 3 2 4,383 14 5 18 5 10 1,431 17 0 4 16 0 5,492 14 2 2,573' 9 8 Totals .. 16,040 5 11 44,133 15 3 28,093 9 4 * Harbour Board revenue. t Tonnage rate on cargo.

Nature of Beceipts. Amount. Shipping and Seamen's Acts :— Pees for shipping and discharge of seamen, and sale of forms Survey of steamers Measurement of ships Examination of masters, mates, and engineers Light-dues Merchant Shipping Act Pilotage and port charges Sundry receipts under Harbours Acts Sea-fisheries Act Sundries £ s. d. 1,563 18 9 1,331 0 0 26 0 0 250 10 0 17,851 8 7 77 3 6 2,649 13 7 238 13 0 224 13 6 153 9 7 Total .. .. £ 24,366 10 6

15

H.—ls

Return showing the Orders in Council which have been issued during the Financial Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Date of Order. Purpose of Order. 1897— April 22 May 17 17 Prohibits net-fishing in part of Wanganui River. Approves plans of sites of sheds at Half Moon Bay, Stewart Island. Licenses J. Harrold, T. Leask, W. Peterson, and P. Lenneker to ocoupy foreshore, Half Moon Bay, as sites for sheds. Approves further extension of lower Western Training-wall, Westporfc. Approves plans of J. R. Thomson's sheds, &o., at Half Moon Bay, Stewart Island. Licenses J. R. Thomson to occupy foreshore, Half Moon Bay, as site for shed, &o. Prescribes signals to be used by vessels requiring tug by night. Appoints members of Greymoufch Harbour Board. Approves plans of repairs to Whangarei Town Wharf. Approves Westport Harbour Board erecting engine-sheds, &c, Westport Railway. Approves plans of Walter Robson's wharf, Turanga Creek. Licenses Walter Robson to occupy foreshore, Turanga Greek, as site for wharf. Approves plan of Explosives Wharf, Westport. Appoints members of Westport Harbour Board. Approves plan of proposed timber guide-pier on west side of Patea River. Approves plan of extension of coal-loading crane, wharf, Westport. Licenses E. Johnson to occupy foreshore, Horseshoe Bay, Stewart Island, as site for fish-shed, and approves plans. Approves Westporfc Harbour Board enlarging siding accommodation, Westport Railway. Approves plans of L. B. Marriner's store, Wairoa River, Kaipara. Licenses L. B. Marriner to occupy foreshore, Wairoa River, as site for store. Approves Wesfcport Harbour Board constructing high level shoots at coal staiths, Westport. Approves plan of Auckland Harbour Board's Wharf at Rangitoto Island. Approves plan of White Brothers' wharf at Collingwood. Licenses White Brothers to occupy foreshore, Collingwood, as site for wharf. Approves plan of John Harrison's wharf at Aratapu, Kaipara. Licenses John Harrison to occupy foreshore, Aratapu, as site for wharf. Approves plan of extension of Main Eastern Wharf, Bluff. Prohibits trawling for fish in portion of Wellington Harbour. Vests management of Mititai Wharf in Hobson County Council, and prescribes dues. Approves plan of extension of F. W. Matthews' wharf, Wairoa River, Kaipara. Licenses F. W. Matthews to occupy foreshore, Wairoa River, as site for wharf extension. Approves plan of S. J. Deck's boatshed at Golden Bay, Stewart Island. Licenses S. J. Deck to occupy foreshore, Golden Bay, as site for boatshed. Approves plan of W. Traill's boatshed at Paterson's Inlet, Stewart Island. Licenses W. Traill to ocoupy foreshore, Paterson's Inlet, as site for boatshed. Allows use of set nets for whitebait in Ashley River. Approves Westport Harbour Board constructing new station at Westport, &c. Appoints members of Westport Harbour Board. Approves further extension of lower western training-wall, Westport. Approves plan of Henry Lane's wharf at Russell. Licenses Henry Lane to occupy foreshore, Russell, as site for wharf. 22 June 14 14 25 30 30 30 30 30 July 12 19 19 Aug. 23 23 Sept. 6 13 13 Oot. 4 4 20 20 20 20 Nov. 1 13 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 Deo. 6 14 20 20 20 20 .898— Jan. 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 Feb. 15 15 15 15 15 15 22 22 22 March 4 » 12 . 17 „ 17 „ 17 . 17 . 28 Approves plans of J. Harrison's booms, Kaipara. Licenses J. Harrison to occupy foreshore, Kaipara, as site for booms. Approves plan of Peter Brown's shed, Kaipara. Licenses Peter Brown to occupy foreshore, Kaipara, as site for shed. Approves Hokitika Harbour Board licensing portion of reserve to Hokitika Boating Club. Approves plans of Mokau Coal Mines Syndicate's wharf at Mokau. Licenses Mokau Coal Mines Syndicate to occupy foreshore, Mokau, as site for wharf. Vests management of Kaikoura Wharf in Kaikoura County Council, and prescribes dues. Approves plan of roadway under coal staiths, Westport, and authorises work. Approves plan of Eyreton Road Board's bridge over Waimakariri River, and authorises construction. Vests management of Howick Wharf in Howick Township Road Board, and prescribes dues. Approves plans of Northern Steamship Company's slip and dolphins at Manukau. Licenses Northern Steamship Company to occupy foreshore, Manukau, as site for slip and dolphins. Prescribes close season for oysters in Pelor.us and Queen Charlotte Sounds and Tory Channel. Approves Westport Harbour Board building dwelling-house for District Railway Engineer. Approves plans of J. A. Brown's booms, Taupiro Creek, Tauranga. Licenses J. A. Brown to occupy foreshore, Taupiro Creek, as site for booms. Approves Westport Harbour Board procuring fifty new coal-wagons for Westport-Mokihinui Railway. Approves Westport Harbour Board laying down sidings to new merchandise wharf, Westport. Approves plans of extension to middle tee, Queen's Wharf, Wellington. Approves plan of Kauri Timber Company's extension of No. 3 Wharf, Tβ Kopuru, Kaipara. Licenses Kauri Timber Company to occupy foreshore, Tβ Kopuru, as site for wharf extension. Approves plan of extension to Crane Wharf, Westport. Prohibits use of net-fishing in part of Wanganui RiverRevokes Order in Council, licensing Kawatiri Rowing Club to ocoupy foreshore, Westport, and lioenses club to occupy another part of foreshore. Approves plan of Kawatiri Rowing Club's boatshed, Westport. Approves plan of J. A. Anderson's boatshed, Deborah Bay, Otago Harbour. Licenses J. A. Anderson to occupy foreshore, Deborah Bay, as site for boatshed. „ 28 , 28 „ 28

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Return of Estates of Deceased Seamen received and administered in pursuance of the Provisions of "The Shipping and Seamen's Act, 1877," during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Return of Licenses as Colonial Pilot issued in pursuance of section 31 of "The Shipping and Seamen's Act Amendment Act, 1894," during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Return of Licenses as Adjusters of Compasses, issued in pursuance of section 4 of "The Shipping and Seamen's Act Amendment Act, 1895."

Name of Seaman. Balance to Credit of Estate on 31st March, 1897. Amount received. Amount paid. Balance to Credit of Estate on 31st March 1898. Erick Methela George Hansen Julius Peterson Henry Hunter Sivaka William Henry Ford James H. Watt Charles Gustaf Hollmen .. T>. Ericksen Hugh Montgomery J. W. Poster William Newman W. Stewart Charles Monk .. Myles Newby J. Lennie •.. L. Ellison W. Leach David W. Fell T. D. Christie Karl T. Berner John McLaughlan Bella MoKenzie Henry Ballard Alexander Wooas John Cooper £ a. d. 7 11 8 10 9 8 3 5 1 2 13 3 0 17 0 1 12 0 0 16 0 11 2 8 7 17 0 6 10 4 8 16 0 8 16 0 6 12 0 8 17 3 £ s. a. £ s. d. 7 11 8 10 9 8 3 5 1 2 13 3 0 17 0 1 12 0 0 16 0 11 2 8 7 17 0 6 10 4 8 16 0 8 16 0 6 12 0 8 17 3 & s. a. 2 18 0 0 11 0 0 9 0 0 12 0 5 10 8 7 8 6 2 10 0 140 19 10 16 8 1 15 0 0 5 2 7 10 i 5 10 8 7 8 6 2 10 0 140 19 10 16 8 1 15 0 0 5 2 7 10 i 2 18 0 0 11 0 0 9 0 0 12 0 Totals i 10 0 85 14 11 171 16 2 253 2 1

No. of License. Date of Issue. Name of Licensee. Port of Kesidence. Date of Expiry of License. 12 13 14 15 16 .. 12 May, 1897 Edward Wheeler .. .. 20 July, „ Bichard Groombridge Butt.. 5 Nov., „ Hugh MoLellan .. 21 Deo., „ Archibald Kennedy 3 March, 1898 Prank Lawton .. Wellington .. Lyttelton .. Wellington .. 28 April, 1898. .. 20 July, 5 Nov., „ .. 21 Dec, .. 3 March, 1899.

No. of License. Date of Issue. Name of Licensee. Address. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 3 March, 1896 20 , 9 April, 15 , 5 May, „ 26 Nov., 9 Dec, 11 . 1 Feb., 1897 27 April, 27 May, 27 July, 1 Sept. George Frederick Augustus Carl von Schoen Thomas Capel Tilly Frederick Macbeth Robert Strang George Urquhart ThomsonJohn Robertson* George Burton* William Bendall Hugh McLellan Frederio William Cox .. Thomas Fernandez Robert Hatchwell Arthur G. Gifford .. Wellington. Auokland. Dunedin. Onehunga. Wellington. Lyttelton. Nelson. Auckland. Lyttelton. Wellington. * Left the colony.

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Return of Masters, Mates, and Engineers to whom Certificates of Competency were issued during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

3—H. 15.

17

Name of Person. Bank. Class of Certificate. Date of Issue. No. Francis Harris Christian Svendson Bobert Stewart Rowland Christian Hammond Joseph Burke Arthur Cooper William Gray John Eeid John Nathaniel Beighton Christian Karlson Duncan Cameron.. Hugh Eamsay Cassells George Allan Broad John McLeod Vans Brown Horace White Parsons Duncan MeDougall Christopher Verrinder Henry Cashman Frederick John Duncan Robert McKenzie Cliffe Harold Lewis Foster Louis Roy Charles Edwards Hargraves Thomas William Richard Hood David Todd George Gottfried Nixon Herbert John Richardson George Mensing Dugald Stuart McGregor John Spenee Joseph Herbert Smith James Theodore Wilson Caroline Frederick Scott Maundrell William Hugh Ward Frederick Julius George Schiitze .. George Henry McDonald Robert Huia Gibbons John McKenzie Christopher Robert Burroughes Draper Roderick Matheson Frederick Henwood Albert Thomas Norton William Henry Anwyl Aron Gustaf Oberg John Henry Rochfort Joseph Angus Robert Henderson Smith George Conolly Francis Aubert Maxwell .. .. Thomas McMillan William James Irvine Arthur Lewis Cooper James Jamieson Reginald Courtenay Willis Edward Helgesen Otto Edward Peterson William Bark George Sellars James Jones John Adolph Paterson Thomas Henry Lippitt Martin Petersen Charles Vendore George Sinclair Arthur Ernest Burt Henry Collins John Carlson Andrew Running .. .. William MoPherson James Tait Arthur Stephenson Frederick John Beach Oliver Powell Charles Quentin Pope George Stuart Soott Robert John Scott William Shephard William Gillies Richard Huggins Robert Wilson Rowland Christian Hammond Arthur Robinson Master Ordinary .. Second Mate Master Ordinary .. Second Mate First Mate Only Mate Second Mate First Mate Second Mate First Mate * Second Mate Master Ordinary .. Only Mate First Mate Second Mate First Mate Master Ordinary .. First Mate Master Extra First Mate Second Mate First Mate Master Ordinary .. Only Mate First Mate Master Ordinary .. First Mate Second Mate Master Ordinary .. First Mate Only Mate First Mate Master Ordinary .. Second Mate First Mate Master Ordinary .. Foreign trade „ (renewal) „ (renewal) 13 April, 1897 .. 13 „ „ .. 22 . ,; .. 26 „ „ .. 7 May, 11 . „ •• 17 » „ ■■ 19 „ . .. 19 „ „ .. 26 „ „ .. 26 „ „ .. 3 June, „ 18 „ „ .. 28 „ „ .. 14 July, „ .. 29 „ » .. 2 Aug., „ .. 5 „ „ .. 17 „ „ .. 22 Sept., 1 Oct 1 . . •• 8 „ „ .. 11 „ , .. 11 ,, . .. 26 „ „ .. 26 „ „ .. 29 „ „ .. 29 „ „ .. 4 Nov., „ 10 „ „ .. 23 „ . .. 23 „ „ .. 27 „ 27 , , ... 27 „ 13 Dec, „ .. 13 „ „ .. 13 „ . .. 13 „ „ .. 13 „ „ .. 13 . „ .. 13 . . .. 13 , . .. 22 „ „ .. 22 , „ .. 23 „ „ .. 23 „ . .. 23 „ , .. 30 , „ .. 30 „ , .. 30 „ „ .. 17 Jan., 1898 .. 26 „ „ .. 4 Feb., , .. 3 April, 1897 .. 20 „ , .. 26 „ „ .. 24 June, „ 20 July, „ .. 17 Aug., „ .. 17 „ „ .. 21 , , .. 3 Sept., „ .. 4 „ „ 28 „ , .-. 21 Oct., » .. 4 Nov., „ 4 » „ .. 27 „ „ .. 13 Deo 13 „ „ .. 13 . „ .. 13 „ „ .. 13 „ , .. 23 „ , .-. 23 28 Jain., 1898 .. 8 March, „ 14 „ „ .. 28 „ „ 26 April, 1897 .. 26 May, „ .. 815 816 681 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 623 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 745 750 831 832 769 795 833 803 834 835 836 837 838 839 543 279 541 840 565 727 784 841 842 843 844 f845 771 846 847 848 849 667 683 850 819 851 852 5404 5391 5405 5406 5407 5408 5409 5410 5411 5412 5413 5414 5415 5416 5395 5358 5366 5417 5418 5419 5420 5421 5422 5423 5424 5317 3267 3268 (renewal) „ (renewal) Second Mate Only Mate First Mate Second Mate Mate Master Mate Master Home trade a • • Mate Master Mate H ■ • » ■ • » • • • • # • ■ Master ft • • • • Mate !! Master Mate ff • • Master Mate Master River trade . / ♦ Steamship only. t Local.

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Return of Masters, Mates, and Engineers to whom Certificates of Competency were issued during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898— continued.

18

Bank. Class of Certificate. Date of Issue. No. Name of Person. Henry Somes .. r ? James Crosfley Bindon' Heber Brown • • v-Jj John Allan Richmond Frederick Wilson James Mewett John Kennedy .. * .. Albert Basire Hugh Stovel Jenkins Ernest Herbert Hobday Thomas Rogerson George Fitzwilliam Stuart MacLean Henry Burt Robert George Carnie John Carson William Rudolph Horn Charles George Kelly Henry Mansel Williams William Henry Tizard Thomas Melville Kenneth Henry Humphreys Hedley Muncaster France Albert Percy Godber Louis Alexis Lyle James Arthur Smith William Nisbet William Greig Morrison George Frederick Preddey Thomas James Wilson Frederick William Grainger William Harry Williams John Sinclair Walter Brown Morgan Robert Walker Alfred William Chatfield Joseph Cable William John Huggins Arnold Fraenkel Levestam Robert Knox Thomas Edward King William Henry Faulkner Frederick Jamea Dalley William Alexander Diok Duncan Neil Fletcher Patrick James Hickey William Jacobsen Alexander Mills George Gow James Cowley Thomas Blair Whyte Edwin James Foord James Gibson Bannatyne Robert William Wallace Robert Johnson Arthur Mainland Alexander Brown Alfred James Dunn John Hermann ter Veen Alfred Robert Wickes Henry William Budge Charles Edgar Neville Woodman .. Henry Lionel Ziman Archibald Keith Alfred Horace Hodge Herbert Alexander Dobson John Ross William Francis Mulgan John William Henry Piper Edwin Alexander Guthrie John Peter Logan Ferguson David McCracken Gillies Stephen James Weston William Hancock Alexander Thompson Mackenzie .. John Robertson Walter Frederick Bowes Percy William Sowden William David Wilkinson James Glover James McEwen Kidd Percy Arthur Fildes John Anderson Moyes .. • John McDiarmid George William Noy Master .. 2nd Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer * 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer M 1st Class Engineer 2nd Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 2nd Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 2nd Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer Kiver trade H Foreign trade V u 18 June, 6 Aug., 28 „ 7 Oct., 4 Nov., 10 . 13 Dec, 3 April, 7 „ 22 „ 28 „ 28 . 28 „ 13 May, 13 , 13 . 13 „ 13 , 17 „ 7 June, 7 , 7 „ 7 „ 11 „ 18 „ 24 , 24 , 24 . 28 , 28 , 6 July 6 , 6 . 14 „ 20 , 27 . 27 . 5 Aug., 12 . 12 Aug., 12 . 12 „ 12 , 12 „ 12 , 18 , 21 „ 7 Sept., 7 » 11 . 11 „ 11 . 14 , 14 „ 16 „ 16 „ 17 . 23 , 28 „ 7 Oct., 7 7 "„ 18 „ 26 „ 26 „ 10 Nov., 23 „ 30 Deo., 30 , 30 . 30 , 13 Jan., 13 „ 13 „ 13 „ 13 „ 13 „ 20 , 8 Feb., 12 , 24 „ 24 „ 24 „ 28 , // * ' // * • It • • 1897 .. H • • tt ■ • 1898 \\ 3269 3270 3271 3272 3273 3274 3275 307 308 309 310 311 240 312 313 314 315 316 232 317 318 319 320 321 322 205 323 324 325 326 210 327 328 329 330 331 332 198 186 333 334 335 336 337 229 338 339 111 223 340 341 342 343 21 344 345 346 347 348 231 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 i-77 236 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 143 166 368 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer It 3rd Class Engineer II 1st Class Engineer M 3rd Class Engineer 2nd Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 2nd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer 1st Class Engineer 3rd Class Engineer

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Return of Masters, Mates, and Engineers to whom Certificates of Competency were issued during the Year ended the 31st March, 1898— continued.

Descriptive Return of New Zealand Coastal Lighthouses.

Name of Person. Kank. Class of Certificai 5C. ;e o: :ssue. "o. Camille Michel Malfroy Biehard Patrick Phillips .. John Wilson Brown John Coombe Thomas Alexander Pain .. Samuel William Riley Arthur John Campbell Murdoch James Charlton Allan William Stewart King Walter Louis Grundy Francis Henry Alexander George Currie .. Hilliard Olsen Arthur Knight Robert Vaughan Johnston John Humo Harry Graham Lever Joseph McArthur.. Maurice Henry McCraw .. William Armstrong Sangster Archibald Livingstone James Fairley Alexander Snodgrass Paterson Woolsey Allen Edward Boss Campbell James Glover Charles Alfred Knill Frederick Hadrleld Kichard Perry Horace Norgrove John Strevens Callingham William Park Maxwell Charles Henry Bowman .. 3rd Class Engineer Engineer .. ff •. •. Foreign trade River trade 28 Feb., 1898 .. 28 „ 8 March, „ 8 „ „ 8 „ „ 31 „ „ .. 31 „ „ .. 22 April, 1897 .. 28 „ 18 May, „ .. 13 „ „ .. 26 „ „ .. 7 June, 7 „ „ .. 14 July, „ .. 11 Aug., „ .. 11 12 "„ "„ .. 27 „ „ .. 11 Sept., „ .. 14 „ » •• 16 „ „ .. 30 Dec 13 Jan., 1898 .. 13 May, 1897 .. 12 Aug., „ .. 16 Sept., 13 Nov., „ .. 13 Jan., 1898 .. 8 Feb., , .. 12 „ „ .. 12 „ 21 Maroh, „ 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Marine Engine-driver

Name of Lighthouse. Order ol Apparatus. Description. Period ofBevolving Light. Colour of Light. Tower built of Dwellings built of Date first lighted. Cape Maria van J Diemen Moko Hinou Tiri-Tiri.. 1st order dioptric 1st order dioptric 2nd Eevolving Fixed Flashing Fixed V 10" White Eed, to show over Columbia Eeef White White, with red arc over Plat Eock White and red White Timber Stone Iron Timber Timber 24 Mar., 1879 18 June, 1883 1 Jan., 1865 Ponui Passage Cuvier Island Portland Island j 5th 1st 2nd Eevolving 30" 30" Timber Iron Timber 29 July, 1871 22 Sept., 1889 10 Feb., 1878 Fixed Eed, to show over Bull Eock White Iron Timber 1 Jan., 1859 27 Oct., 1897 1 Aug., 1881 1 Sept., 1874 1 Dec, 1884 24 Sept., 1877 Pencarrow Head Cape Palliser Cape Egmont Manukau Head Kaipara Head Brothers .. j 2nd order dioptric 2nd 2nd 3rd 2nd 2nd „ Eevolving Fixed # Timber Flashing io" 10" Fixed Eed, to show over Cook Eock White // Timber Stone Timber Stone Timber 1 Aug., 1870 1 April, 1865 1 Jan., 1880 22 April, 1878 2 Jan., 1865 1 Jan., 1880 4 July, 1870 1 Jan., 1884 1 Aug., 1865 Cape Campbell Godley Head Akaroa Head Moeraki Taiaroa Head Cape Saunders Nugget Point Waipapapa Point .. Dog Island 2nd order dioptric 2nd 2nd 3rd 3rd 2nd 1st 2nd 1st order catadioptric 1st order dioptric Eevolving Fixed Flashing Fixed i' io" Eevolving Fixed Flashing Eevolving v Eed '.'. '.'. White .. it • • • ■ Stone Timber Stone Timber Stone Stone Timber Stone Timber Stone i6" 30" Centre Island Fixed White, with red area over inshore dangers White Timber Timber 16 Sept., 1878 Puysegur Point Cape Foulwind Farewell Spit 1st 2nd 2nd Flashing Eevolving 10" 30" 1' White, with red arc over Spit end White, with red arc to mark limit of anchorage Eed and white, with white light on beacon White Iron 1 Mar.,- 1879 1 Sept., 1876 17 June, 1870 Nelson 4th Fixed i Aug., 1862 French Pass 6th 1 Oct., 1884 Stephens Island 1st Group flashing t 29 Jan., 1894 * Flashing twioe every half-minute, with interval of three seconds between flashes. half-minute. t Two flashes in quick succession ever;

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SUMMARY of Casualties to Shipping reported to the Marine Department during the Financial Year ended the 31st March, 1898.

Casualties on or near the Coasts of the Colony. Casualties outside the Colony. Total outside Colony. of Casualties reported. Steamers. Sailing-vessels. Total within Colony. Steamers. Sailing-vessels. Nature of Casualties. * O m 6 a a o "S-2 6 a a o ,1 6 m a o <M O CD <M O e j3 6 m 6 a EH ■s! it 11 6 a ■ M O <D 1-3 'S's o in 6 o Standings, — Total wrecks Partial loss Slight damage No damage 2 4 2 3 1,335 1,514 2,169 575 13 3 7 3 1 1,602 1,937 390 61 12 5 11 5 4 2,937 3,451 2,559 636 25 J •• •• •• •• i •• ■■ •■ •• 5 11 5 4 2,937 3,451 2,559 636 25 •• •• •• Total strandings 11 5,593 13 14 3,990 12 25 9,583 25 j .. I - 25 9,583 25 Collisions, — Total loss Partial loss Slight damage No damage I I 1 3 365 1,299 1 3 4 4 365 1,299 282 4,223 " I 1 3 4 4 365 1,299 282 4,223 "i 4 *282 4,223 •• I •• I I •• .. Total collisions.. 8 4,505 4 1,664 12 6,169 -. •• 12 6,169 Fires, — Partial loss Slight damage 3 469 2 1,334 2 3 1,334 469 •• •• 2 3 1,334 469 •• - I .. Total fires 3 469 •• ■ 1,334 5 1,803 •■ I i .. I . 5 1,803 — — 1 ! Miscellaneous, including damage by heavy seas to hull and cargo, leaks, loss of masts, sails, &c, and breakdown of machinery 4 2,655 13,222 1 80 1 5 2,735 20,290 67 1 1 1,354 1,354 2,425 1 275 ! 7 4,364 21,919 2,492 24,411 1,629 •• Total casualties to shipping Loss of life only 26 13 21 1 7,068 67 13 1 47 1 26 1 1 1 "l 1 275 i 2 1 1,629 2,425 1 49 2 26 2 •• •• Total number of casualties reported 26 13,222 13 22 7,135 14 48 20,357 2 3,779 1 1 275 I I ! 3 4,054 51 28 27 I ■■

21

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RETURN of Wrecks and Casualties to Shipping reported to the Marine Department from the 1st April, 1897, to the 31st March, 1898.

Date of Casualty. Name of Vessel, also Age and Class. Eig. II Number of I Passen5 g ers - bture of Number of Lives lost. Place where Casualty occurred. Wind. Decision oi Court ol Inquiry, <fec. Name of Master. Cargo. Casualty. Direction. Force. 1897. April 16 Zuleika, 22 years, 100 Al Ship .. 1017 21 General Stranded; total loss 12 Palliser Bay, East Coast, North Island S.byW. Whole gale Wreck caused by vessel making more leeway than calculated on, and to a surface-set to the N.N.W. Master did all in his power for safety of ship during gale, and for preservation of life after the wreck Vessel's anchor and chain not heavy enough to hold her in an open roadstead, and, being flat bottomed, she was unable to beat to windward, and the master had no option but to beach her Master mistook position when wind changed at midnight; but circumstances in which he was placed were bo difficult and trying that Court could not hold him culpable. Immediate cause of accident was the sails being some blown away and some split by a sudden squall of wind Vessel drifting down river on ebb-tide struck sunken log, and was making water fast when master beached her S.S. " Duco," in coming to her berth at the Ferry Jetty, ran into the " Kestrel," berthed alongside the quay. Casualty caused through engines being put full speed ahead instead of half-speed astern, as ordered by master S.S. "Kia Ora" overtook "Ngunguru" in narrow channel and struck her on the port quarter, lifting the covering-board aft and denting the iron house Possibly caused by spark from crane-engine falling into seat of stuffed chairs prior to shipment While engaged in hauling in the mainsheet it struck Miles Newby across the stomach, knocking him overboard, and he was drowned in the rough sea Vessel put into Auckland to refit, having met with heavy gales, her decks being swept by heavy seas, and masts and sails being carried away Vessel labouring in heavy sea during four days gale John Reiach Bremner. „ 16 Rata, 16 years Schooner 46 4 None .. Stranded; partial loss Napier Roadstead E.S.E. Strong gale William Gonway. . 16 Pirate, 2 years Schooner Coal .. Stranded; total loss Portland Island Whole gale Edward A. Stenbeck. 190 E. . 25 Huon Bell, 33 years Stranded; slight damage Grahamstown, Whangarei Peter Johnson. Ketch .. 42 Goal .. May 6 6 „ 18 Duco, s.s., 5 years Kestrel, 29 years Kia Ora, s.s., 1 year Ngunguru, s.s., 4 years Kina, s.B., 20 years Ketoh .. Ketoh .. 26 51 6 4 6 None .. Produce Collision; no damage Collision; partial loss Collision; no damage Collision; slight damage Fire on board; slight damage Loss of life only I Waterloo Quay, Wellington Harbour I Fisher's Crossing, Paet roa River Railway Wharf, Helensville, Kaipara (James Jones. Henry Ashford Featherstone. I James Mowat Roberts. Edward Charles Windsor. Henry Stanaway. 150 54 . 24 Schooner 52 6 None .. June 4 Clematis Ketch .. 67 Sawn timber Off Amuri Bluff, on voyage from Havelock to Lyttelton N. Strong .. Edward Peterson. . 12 KateTatham, 34 years Barque.. 275 Coal .. Vessel strained and loss of masts, &c. Lat. 31° 20' S., long. 164° 30' E. On voyage from Newcastle N.S.W. to Napier Lat. 34° 13' S., long., 164° 10' E. On voyage from Sydney to Auckland Bar of Manawatu River E.S.E. Hurricane Edward O'Brien. . 28 Anglian, s.s., 23 years Schooner 1354 52 36 General Damage to propeller, shafting, &C. N.N.W. Heavy gale Charles Ernest Hood. July 9 Whangaroa, 4 years Schooner Coal .. Stranded; partial loss S. Moderate Casualty caused through vessel entering port without being in tow of steamer William Cozens. 132

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RETURN of Wrecks and Casualties to Shipping reported to the Marine Department— continued.

Date of Casualty. Name of Vessel, also Age and Class. Eig. Number of Nature of Number of Lives lost. Place where Casualty occurred. Win Direction. Wind. nd. Force. Decision of Court of Inquiry, &c. Name of Master. •Eta MB Passen5 gers - Cargo. Casualty. 1897. July 11 Mawhera, b.s., 14 years Schooner 340 28 20 General Fire on board; slight damage 18 miles from Wesfcport Fire discovered in afterhold at 10 p.m., supposed to have been caused by ignition of matches found in passengers' luggage Casualty was the result either of error in observing bearings or in calculating distance ship had run from Cape Soucis, or to strong current setting ship to N.W. when crossing entrance to Croiselles. Master in no way to blame While vessel was in tow of tug crossing bar a heavy roller struck her, causing the vessel to strike and unshipping rudder Master, trusting to his own knowledge of locality, approached the shoal too close, and vessel took the ground in stays Vessel, while running before the wind, was pooped by heavy sea, which washed master overboard, smashed the boats, and flooded the decks, placing vessel in great danger. Nothing could be done to save the master, as it took the crew all their time to save the vessel Not sufficient water on bar Lionel Worrall. . 12 Wainui, a.8., 11 years Schooner 411 30 36 Coal and general Stranded; partal loss Piege Rocks, Current Basin, French Pass N.E. Moderate, with rain squalls George Lambert. . 21 Ocean Banger, 30 years Timber.. Stranded; slight damage Bar of Grey River Douglas Harming Schooner 234 . 22 Huia, 3 years Schooner 196 Timber.. Stranded; partial loss Tory Shoal, entrance to Kaipara Harbour W. Moderate breeze i George McKenzie. » 24 Maud Graham, 21 years Schooner 80 Produce Struck by heavy seas; partial loss 1 OS Portland Island, on voyage from Lyttelton to Auckland S.W. Strong gale Hans Kruhl. . 27 Gratitude, 9 years Tasmania, s.s., 5 years, 100 Al Stranded; slight damage Stranded; total loss i Bar of New River Neil McDonald. Ketch .. 114 7 Timber.. S.W. Strong breeze Strong breeze 29 Schooner 1265 42 69 General 13 Rock, ofi Table Cape, Mahia Peninsula S.E. Vessel wrecked through careless and negligent navigation by Thomas McGee, master, and Percival McGrath, third officer. The certificates of each were suspended for six months, and the master was ordered to pay the costs of the inquiry, not to exceed £100 Fire broke out in engine room, where some tins of oil were kept —vessel being fitted with auxiliary oil-engines. Cause not ascertained. Vessel knocked a hole in her bottom through touching an unknown rock when entering the Harbour Vessel was being towed into the Buller River by the tug " Mana." Wreck was caused by a sudden and almost unprecedented roll of the sea towards the bar from the W.N.W., which roll took charge of the two vessels completely whilst on the outer bar, causing the hawser to part and leaving the " Yolande" at the mercy of the sea Thomas McGee. Aug. 3 Aotea, 3 years Tokomaru, near Poverty Bay • John Henry SkinSchooner 89 1 General Fire on board; partial loss Schooner ner. . 13 Monowai, s.s., 7 years 2137 75 70 General Stranded; slight damage Channel entering Bluff Harbour N.W. WilliamfChristie Sinclair „ 20 Y o 1 a n d e, 14 years Barquentine 395 10 Timber.. Stranded; total loss Bar of Buller River, Westport Ca lm Murdoch McDonald £

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„ 2Z Fifeehire, s.s., 10 years looner Loss of life only On voyage from Sydney to Bluff A greaser, named John McPherson, employed in the refrigerating room, met with an accident. The engine kicked and threw the lever back, which struck him, causing rupture of the left lung and hcamorrhage into the pericardium. He died at 3 a.m. on the 23rd August Vessel overran her distance and bumped on reef in thick fog Casualty caused through wind dying away when vessel was crossing the bar outwards, and vessel losing steerage way was washed up on beach by the sea Casualty caused through change in wind at a critical time when vessel beating out of harbour off Barrett's Reef Vessel tried to take bar when not sufficient water on it The intermediate shaft broke owing to a flaw in it George Ross. Sept. 7 Corinna, s.s., 15 years Emma Sims, 2 years Stranded; partial loss Stranded; partial loss Patiti Reef, Timaru Duncan Downie Sohooner 820 32 8 General and coal Produce W. Light .. Sept. 30 Ketoh .. 61 5 j-mile south of Waimakariri Bar N.W. Moderate breeze John Frederick Johnson. Oct. 6 Clansman, 18 years Sohooner 157 Ballast.. Stranded; partial loss Inside Outer Rook, Barrett's Beef, entrance to Port Nicholson North Beach, close to Hokitika River 9 miles north-east of Akaroa S.S.E. Fresh breeze Daniel Robert Cooper. . 15 Waipara, e.s., 34 years Rotokino, s.s., 7 years Schooner 70 8 11 None .. Stranded; no damage Breakdown of machinery S.W. Whole gale Nicholson Wood . 20 Schooner 1304 27 Produce and general Coal .. N.W. George McDonald. . 21 Emma Sims, 2 years Ketch .. 61 Stranded ; no damage Western training-wall, Westport N. Moderate gale Moorings carried away, and vessel drifted with strong current in river on to trainingwall. When entering Queen Charlotte Sound vessel struck a rock which master says was not marked on his chart Cause of fracture unknown John Frederick Johnston. Nov. 1 Falcon, 20 years Schooner 98 Ballast.. Stranded; partial loss Near White Rook, Queen Charlotte Sound N.W. Moderate gale Charles Green. 8 Taupo, s.s., 13 years Ohau, s.s., 13 years Agnes Lilian, 28 years Schooner 408 General Tailshaft broken 9 miles north north-east of Godley Head N.W. Fresh breeze G. Lobb. 12 Sohooner 411 General Collision; no damage Collision; partial loss I Victoria Wharf, Dunedin 2J miles from Mataikuna, East Coast, North Island N.E. The s.s. " Ohau " came up harbour at ebb tide, low water, and in rounding an awkward corner of the wharf to get to her berth, took a sheer and ran into the " Agnes Lilian " lying moored at the wharf Master held blameable for placing vessel in charge of inexperienced man holding no certificate, and was ordered to pay £7 7s., costs of inquiry Casualty caused through error of judgment on part of master in keeping too close to the land. His certificate was suspended for one month, and he was ordered to pay £9 9s., costs of inquiry I Richard Brewer. Peter Lockmar James Campbell 12 Ship .. 1134 21 General Fresh breeze 26 Beautiful Star, s.s., 35 years Sohooner 146 Wool .. Stranded; partial loss W. Fresh breeze 16 . 27 Nelson, 23 years, A 1 Lloyds Ship .. General Stranded; partial loss Rocks to south and east of Tom's Rock, Cook Strait, between Karori Rock and Sinclair Head N.W. Gale .. George Perriam 1247 26 1898. Jan. 1 Mana, s.s., 11 years Stranded ; no damage John Edward Westrup. Schooner 43 Wool and bonedust Bar of Patea River N.W. Light .. Casualty caused through vessel being swept out of channel by strong tide, which caught her on the bow Vessel struck on sand-bank or spit in the channel which had been thrown up by the sea during the night unknown to the harbourmaster or to the master of the steamer Casualty caused by a flaw in the metal 6 Waipara, s.s., 35 years Schooner 70 General Stranded; total loss North Beach, Okarito River Nicholson Wood 20 Corinna, s.s., 16 years Schooner General ! Shaft broken 2 miles south of Karori Rock, Cook Strait N.W. John Spence. 820 36 100

a—is.

RETURN of Wrecks and Casualties to Shipping reported to the Marine Department—continued.

Approximate Cost of Paper.— Preparation, not given; printing (1,650 copies), £37 6s. Oa.

By Authority: John Maokat, Government Printer, Wellington.— 1898. Price 9el]

24

Date of Casualty. Name of Vessel, also Age and Class. Big. Number of Nature of Number Place where Casualty occurred. Wind. Decision of Court of Inquiry, &c. o [Passengers. Cargo. Casualty. Lives lost. Direction. Name of Master. Force. 1898. . 29 4 My, 3.B., 26 years Schooner 23 General Collision; slight damage Fresh breeze The " Wairoa " ran against the "Lily" while the latter was lying at the wharf. Casualty caused through the narrow and shallow water at the approach to the wharf, with the strong wind blowing across the " Wairoa's " bow while her heel was aground The loss of the "Waitemata" was owing to her being run down by the " Stella," which collision was caused by the negligent navigation of the master of the " Stella," who was drunk at the time, and whose certificate was ordered to be cancelled. Casualty caused by bar having silted up with westerly galea. Fire broke out in stokehole, supposed to be caused by the lining being too close to the boilers. Nothing could have been done to prevent the collision. The pilot in charge of the " Buteshire " stopped the engines, but it would not have been prudent to go astern in such narrow water and ebb tide. A small hole, 2Jin. by Jin., found about 8 or 10 feet from the stern-post on port side, but how caused is not known. Vessel caught fire while lying at wharf loading for London. Fire supposed to be caused by spontaneous combustion in flax. Vessel touched lightly on sandy bottom on approaching elbow of Farewell Spit. Master misjudged distance from shore when he altered vessel's course. Mouth of river is supposed to have silted up. /Charles Scully. . 29 Wairoa, s.s., 14 years Stella, s.s., 22 years Ketch .. 48 General Collision; slight damage Collision; slight damage At Wharf, Motueka, Nelson N.E. Prank Perry Ricketts. /Robert Kennedy. 6 - Feb. 1 Schooner 157 11 Nil "I About 4 miles S. by W. from Tiri Tiri lighthouse, Hauraki Gulf Moderate breeze 1 Waitemata, 23 years Barquentine 365 10 Coal .. Collision; total loss - S.W. j Frederick Ferdinand Nils- . 2 Stormbird, s.s., 44 years Manaroa, s.s., 11 years Schooner 137 13 9 General Stranded; partial loss Fire on board; slight damage / Bar of Wanganui River S.E. Gale .. V son. John George Gilberston. Peter Molntyre. 8 Ketch .. 77 11 General Wellington Harbour . 16 - Buteshire, s.s. ,4 years, 100 Al Lloyd's Gratitude, 10 years Invereargill,s.s., 14 years Schooner 3636 60 1 General Collision; no damage :| Narrowest part of entrance to Bluff Harbour Light .. John Cuthbert. Neil McDonald. George Alfred Marks. „ 16 Ketch .. 114 7 Coal .. Collision; partial loss Sprung a leak E. . 25 Schooner 123 11 13 General On voyage from Inveroargill to Preservation Inlet Victoria Wharf, Dunedin W. Gale .. Mar. 4 Canterbury, 23 years Ship .. 1245 27 Wool and flax Fire on board; partial loss Andrew Culbert. „ 10 Bosamond, s.s., 14 years Schooner 462 20 Timber Stranded; no damage J to 2 miles west of Farewell Spit S.E. Light .. Alexander Sutherland. . 15 Nautilus, s.s., 12 years Schooner General Stranded; slight damage Mouth of Karamea River W.N.W. Light .. Robert Johnson. 32 4

cuvier Island Light-station.

Akaroa Lighthouse.

New Zealand Wreck Chart 1st April, 1897, TO 31ST March, 1898, Compiled from Official Records in the Marine Department Statute Miles. Nautical Miles.

A. Koch. del.