Notes and Queries

Otago Witness, Issue 4048, 13 October 1931, Page 44

Notes and Queries

Questions for reply In the coming Issue of the Otago Witness must bo received not later than SATURDAY NIGHT. Questions will NOT be replied to through the post. Questions must be accompanied by the name and address of the writer, but a norn de plume may be adopted for publication.

Our Serial Story. C. M. 8., Timaru.—The second instalment of a new serial story, “Gold in the West,” appears in this issue. * ¥ * For the Hair. " Electric Comb,” Queenstown, wishes to know where she could purchase a White’s electric comb in New Zealand. Write to the D.1.C.. Princes street, Dunedin. Cental and Quintal. “Cinch.” Gisborne, asks: “What difference is there between a cental and a quintal ? Both terms are used -in quoting grain supplies.” Cental is the term used to denote in grain parlance 1001 b. Ihe term quintal is not in general use in this part of the world. Quintal indicates a xveight of 1001 b or 1121 b.

-s VSkim Milk Cheese. “ Skim Milk Cheese,” Timaru. wishes to know how to make cheese from skim milk. The making of skim milk cheese will entail the general rules followed when making eheddar cheese, the quantity of cheese depending mainly upon the amount of casein in the milk and the amount of unavoidable loss xvhich takes place in the process of manufacture. About 251 b of skim milk would be required to make 11b of cheese.

Swell ing on Horse. Hard I p, Oamaru. asks for some intoimation about a horse with the folloxving symptoms:—A flat, sausagelike swelling across “ V " of lower jaw where two lower jnxvboncs meet. When the swelling is squeezed betxveen finger and thumb it seems full of pus. This appears and disappears within txvo or three (lays. The horse has had attacks of this for the last 12 months. This trouble does not seem to affect the horse's appetite or work. “Agricola ” replies : “ Personal examination alone could determine the cause of the trouble, and it is suggested that vou communicate with the stock inspector in your district, who could arrange xxith tin* (rox’ernment "Veterinarian xx-hen in Oamaru to inspect the horse.” * * VCanadian Thistle. ” Subscriber.” Bannockburn, wishes to know of something to kill Canadian thistle, and xvrites : “We are putting down a tennis court, and have it all ready- for the Collix to be put down. ,') <• have put on two tins of xvecd killer, but it does not seem to kill the roots, only xvithers the thistle on top.” — Vou have left the killing of Canadian thistle somewhat late in the year, seeing that you purpose using the tennis . court this season. However, something might be attempted xvith a solution of sodium chlorate of a strength of to 10 per cent. Soak all crevices thoroughly before applvim r Colfix. ” V V V To Shine Horns. Deer-stalker. ’ Otago, asks what ‘ is the best method of polishing cows’ horns and hoofs and what polish should one use. Best results are probably obtained by smoothing down the horn and applying plenty of “ elbow grease.” rubbing the horn with a good rag and finishing off xvith a chamois leather. Another xvay is first to scrape any rough matter off the horn to obtain a smooth surface, after xvhich scrape again and again with a piece of broken glass, and finish xvith fine sandpaper. Many methods of polishing are used. In most eases the horns are well rubbed with olive ml and whiting, and finished off with metal Brilliantshine. Silver plate powder is often utilised. * ¥ .y. Books and the Navy. “Constant Reader.” Allandale, asks • '(1) Where would one get the month's books m the Champion Library in Timaru, and at xvhat price ? (2) Does one have to have all one’s teeth xvhen joining the navy, and do thex’ pass one it one has decayed teeth ? (3) What are the xvages of engine-drivers, cleaners, firemen, rivet boys, and riveters ? ” (?) Any bookseller will provide or furnish you with the books required at 3d per copy- plus postage. (2) Candidates are required to pass a provisional medical examination, possess full normal vision in both eyes, be of good mental and bodily health, and free from any physical defects likely to interfere xvith the efficient performance of the duties required of them. Teeth must be in good order. Conditions, etc., are given in the regulations for the govern.*">d payment of the Nexx- Zealand Division of the Roval Navy. (3) Engine driver 2s 3}d to 2s 9d, cleaner Is lid to 2s 3d. fireman 2s to 2s lid. rivet boy ] s l-jd, and riveter Is fid to 0 2 <l per hour, less 10 per cent. * * A Miscellaneous List. “Tomatoes,” Otago, asks: “(1) When and xvith xvhat should one manure tomatoes to ensure a good crop ? (2) *' lint sprny should one use for general purposes? (3) Some tomato plants! are rotting through beloxx- the ground | Is that arising through burying the •

plants too deep or through disease ? (4) Where could one obtain suitable clothes; for doing exercises (Athahling physical course) ? (5) Where can one obtain books on physical culture ? ” (1) It is a mistake to plant tomatoes in over-rich soil. A good clean loam xxith a small amount of old manure or leaf mould to provide organic matter and some ashes from rubbish fires max’ we 1 comprise the make-up of a seed bed. Manuring should be avoided as much as possible. In a fairly fertile soil an occasional dose of potash (21b to 100 gallons) may prove beneficial—not more than once a xveek. (2) Bordeaux mixture—3lb bluestone. 41b lime, 50 gallons water. If troubled xxith caterpillar use arsenate of lead 4 gallons of xvater. (3) lliere is probably some fungus on z I . oo^s - Avoid too much xvatering. Anj nieieery establishment, or from M alter Strang. Ltd., sports goods depot, ImS Princes street. Dunedin. (5) -Messrs Dunean and Simpson. George street, Dunedin, will supply your requirements. * ¥ ¥ Milk Quality. ’ X alanaki - :,eiks wI, -V milk is poorer 111 the morning than in the evening. “The common belief that the larger volume of milk and smaller peiccntage of fat in the morning's milk tiom a herd of coxvs as compared xvith t 'e eyt'inngs yield is due to the fact that the night interval between milkings is longer than the day interval is discredited by the results of experiments on the matter at Reading UniVViQ ’ , hen cows in these trials I x Inch have continued for three and a-half years) were milked at 15 and nine-hour intervals, the longer interval dm-in a ’, teri y ,te,v 'hiring the night and dining the day. more milk of lower fat percentage xvas always produced in the moi mug after a long interval than in the evemng after a correspondingly long > 'H i l ”ti "hen cows were milked throughout their lactations at in<lw e intervals, the morn ...rfu le ( J v ? s a, 'vays of larger volume am over fat percentage than at either of the day milkings. It is clear, theretore that milk production and fat production do not proceed on parallel lines dining the night and during the day. borne factor, so far unidentified but possibly simply the absence of light is operating during the night, xvhich inevitam.x loxx ers the tat pereentao-e As fexxtarmers can arrange their milkino-s at f-i l c i aI ' tln \ e i i,,t , er '- als ’ Allows thattxvo tactois—the longer night interval and the unknown influence —operate together make the morning's milk poorer than wh; i° the - even , ,n «- Another factor xx Inch was found to contribute to a ower at percentage was the use of txvo milkers per coxv in 24 hours (even though both were proficient) as against one mdker Cows evidently develop a pi eferenee for a certain milker. A Long List. "Boots,” Wyndham, wiites: “(1) Hoxv many gallons o_f water is contained in a round tank /ft in diameter and 2ft llg .‘ '• (2) What is meant by cif and f.o.b sales? (3) Could you give a tempe for home-made ointment for r • e<l t s • (4) Is there any cure P”' 1 1/'k’xvorm on horses ? if what ifc it . Mould sheep dip do ? (5) 1 nave txv’o coxvs carrying their afterbirth. What treatment should I <dve theni to renjove it? (6) How" do painters mix. oil for oiling woodwork such as for inside on xvindoxvs ? (7) Is there any field drain tile manufacdi.rorr i’ 1 ?, 0,,t, ' land or Otago that sell d icct to the farmers and issue price catalogues for same? (§) Does anxboot factory in Dunedin take orders direct from the public for boots made chin?,? 01 -' (9) - ¥°' v nillch sod ‘’im (hloiate is required in one gallon of xxatei to make a per cent, mixture ? ” ~~(2) Cost, insurance. ft eight, and free on board. (-3) A prescription for dressing teats : Loracic acid ?.oz, glycerine 4oz. (4) oiA e f ‘ air J 1O " w be shaved or pulled out. f om the affected part, which may then be painted xvith tincture of iodine or use an ointment consisting of one nf ’ S , sul Phur to five parts of lard. Particular care should be taken to destroy the parasites xvhich may be infecting harness, brushes or oT'affi ri? }° Stal i’?' (5) Give a d °se 4 } Glaubei baits, loz ground ginger, -Jb treacle, and a pint and a-half of xxaim water. 1 hen wash out the passagemiff ? f i a i solutl « n , of weak boraeic wnL tab espoonful to a gallon of xxatei). If cleansing is not satisfactory, gently pull upwards and outwards. 46) No mixing is required unless a colour is desired. For colours add a small quantity of umber (broxvn) or s?enna (red) or yelloxv ochre, xvith a little terebin dryers. (7) Write to one of the following firms:—Abbotsford or X h , Ta «eri road, Abbotsford. Otago; Edmund B. Jones, Milton Otago; or to Lambert Bros., Ltd’ Bridgman street, Caversham. (8) We understand some, firms cater for this to