THE WEEK IN HISTORY

New Zealand Times, Volume XXXVII, Issue 8367, 1 March 1913, Page 9

THE WEEK IN HISTORY

.... Brief note Is here Of things large-writ (and oft-timee red} In Han's storied progress through the Agee. March 1— Bt. David’s Day. March 2 John Wesley died, 1791. First census taken in New Sooth Wales, 1846. Murder of Rev. Mr Volfcoesc, missionary, by Hauhaus under Koroopa, 1865. March 3 Native hostilities began in Unfit Valley, 1846. Panama mail service to New. Zealand terminated, 1869Mr (afterwards Sir) William Fox became Premier of New Zear land, 1873. Hapuka’s pa bunted, 1878. Treaty of San Stefano, 1878. New South Wales contingent at troops left for Soudan, 1886 s. Mr Gladstone resigned. Lord licaobery Prime Minister, 1894. March 4

Inauguration of President of IfatN ted States. James Edward Fitzgerald, firs* Premier of Now Zealand,, born, 1818. Royal National Lifeboat Tradatotion founded, 1834. Terrible earthquake in. 2SSL, Forth Bridge opened, 1890. Sir Augustus Manns, famous mast cal conductor, died, 1907, Marti 5 Boston massacre, 177 ft. Sir Austin Henry Layard, dipkw matist and' AasynQlogdßt, bocn, 1817. Thames Tunnel opened, 1343. Covent Garden Tinaadire burned. 1856. , Pearling fleet destroyed offl Queensland coast, 300 five* lost, 1899. March 6—■ Union of Enghmd and Scotland, 1707. First newspaper published in Anr tralia, XBQ3. Taranaki < War began, 1860. Servia proclaimed a Kingdom, 1882. March. 7 ’ , First Prayer Book of Edward VL. issued, 1549. Sir Edwin Landseer, ..animal painter, bom, ISOS. British and Foreign Bible Society established, 1804. Suspension of part of New Zealand Government Act conferring representative * institutions, 1848. Wreck of barque Hundanald at Auckland Islands ‘ fifteen survivors out of crew of twentynine picked up after spending eight - months on ralandw And - suffering great privations, 1907, FIFTY YEARS AGO, Mr J. Dransfield defeats Mr J- JfcvIntosh at a by-election to fill a city seat in the Provincial Council. Wool continues to come into tikaoraazket, 166 bales having arrived this, week coastwise, in addition to 236 baio* which have been entered uxuzds at f.hn Custom House as the amomrt. brought from the Kai Koras in £na successive trips of the Randolph. The wholesale price for beef in Wri lington is 31d per lb- Butter is quo*-, ted at Is 6id per lb, bacon Ihd, amtpotatoes £8 10s to £9 per ton. Attention is called to the atliaivtages of improving the eaxtiaace to tiwfcManawatu River so that a regular monthly steamer service to the district may be established. Captain Brodwy, of the "brig Valiant, 147 tana, ceporta. having gone twenty miles up from the, heads for a cargo of timber, and ftaiiula good channel with not; less tint eighteen feet of water. On the by the south channel was the best frith, eleven feet of water at low. ywtagt springs. Nelson “Examiner” states -that Jfcti Koch fort has discovered a pass through the Mount Arthur range to the Bailee gold diggings. Reports come from Nefaon, Wanga* nui, and Port Ahrrriri of which, though they occasioned a gooddeal of alarm among nervous people* do not appear to have damaged any* thing beyond crockery. THE EARLIEST STANDEBG- ARJtX, The earliest standing army hi Europe was tba-t of Macedonia, established about 358 B.C. by Phillip, father of Alexander the Great. It was the second in the world’s history, having been preceded only by that of Scsostris Pharaoh of Egypt, who organised a military caste about 1600 8.0. Of modern standing armies, that formed by the Turkish Janissaries, was first, being fully organised in 1332. It wat a century later that the standing army of Prance, the earliest in Western Europe, was established by Charles VH. in the shape of campagnies d’erdonnance, numbering 9000 men. Rivalry thereupon compelled 'the nations to adopt similar means of defence. In England a standing army proper was first established by Cromwell, but was disbanded under Charles H., with the exception of a few regiments called the Life Guards, or Household Brigade. This was the nucleus of the present army which, though practically a standing army, is not legally so, being provided for from year to year by th<3 Annual Armv Act.