CARRIAGE OF APPLES

Nelson Evening Mail, Volume LVI, 16 October 1922, Page 5

CARRIAGE OF APPLES

' CAUSES OF BROWN HEART (By Electric Telegraph.--Copyright.) (Australian & N.Z. Cable Association.) "LONDON, Oct. 13. Replying to an inquiry from the Fruit and Produce Exchange of Great Britain Limited, regarding the causes of brown heart in apples, Dr. Charles Brooks, pathologist to the United States Department of Agriculture, says he thinks it largely due to the accumulation of gases given off by the apples, and was also favoured by the high temperature which must have existed to produce the gases in such largo quantities. It was probably also favoured by any over ripeness in the fruit. A similar disease known in the United States ■ was called internal breakdown, which was thought to be entirely due to over ripeness at picking time, but was also brought about by storage at high temperature. The removal of all air by suction from the bottom of the ship's hold would largely prevent brown heart, and entirely prevent it if a proper temperature was maintained before cooling. This would probably enable apples to go throngli even worse than the present shipping conditions without any great development of brown heart. Further, if a ship br-s- sufficient, refrigerating and thoroughly renews the air by ventilation during the first part of the voyage they would probably be able to prevent trouble without precooling. Under present conditions it is very dangerous to onen a chamber after it is once closed, hut it on edit to be possible if the ship has sufficient refrigeration to reduce the apples to the proper storage temperature within a few days. ■WET, i I mill* lIIIMH—II 111 ANGLO-AMETHCAN RELATIONS "NEVER. MORE CORDIAL" (By Electric Telegraph.—Copyright.) (Australian & N.Z. Cable Association.) LONDON, Oct. 15. Mr Reginald McKenna, on his arrival from America, slid that Anglo-Ameri-can relations had never been more cordial than today. America fully appreciated the effects of Europe's distressed condition upon her own trade and finance, but thought the European Governments must reform themselves as- a condition of American assistance. It was not true that the collapse of the mark could have been avoided by firmer methods by the German Government. The latter, could not be blamed. It has to sell marks in order to make external payments, and such selling inevitably reduced the price of marks.