16

E.—ls

Tables Dl and D 2 show the cost per pupil in each branch of education in Switzerland and New Zealand ; they display in another way the facts already dwelt on above, but they also bring out the important fact that in Switzerland the cost per pupil in the continuation and technical schools and in the universities and other higher institutions is greater than in New Zealand—that is, notwithstanding lower salaries and lower cost of living, the Swiss nation spends annually on each technical student £3 ss. 2d. as against our £1 16s. Bd. ; and on each university students £21 ss. 2d. as against our paltry £14 2s. 9d. ; or, again, it spends £5 os. lid. on each of the students in the branches other than primary, as against our £4. Not only has our European model twice as many persons in proportion undergoing some form or other of higher instruction as we have, but it is willing to pay more per head for it. The total net revenue of the Bund (or Federal Government) and the cantons was about 246 million francs ; out of this they spent 35,000,000 francs, or 14-2 per cent., on education ; the Bund's share was 5,600,000 francs, and the contribution of the Cantonal Governments was 29,400,000 francs, which formed 22 per cent, or two-ninths of their total disbursements. (The Canton of Geneva spent more than one-third of its income on education.) In addition, the communes or municipalities of Switzerland contributed 32,300,000 francs. Tables El and E2 show the amounts contributed towards the cost of education by the Federal Government (or Bund), the cantons, and the communes respectively, and the percentage proportions.

Table El.—Amounts spent by the Bund, the Cantons, and the Communes respectively on the several Branches of Education. (The contributions of the Cantons for teachers' pensions, not included in previous tables, are included here. The share of the Communes also includes the following items, which were included in previous tables: Teachers' sick-allowances, £14,000; Bursaries in Secondary Schools, £4,000 ; allowances to students in Training Colleges, £48,000.)

Table E2.— Percentage of the Cost of the several Branches of Education borne by the Bund, the Cantons, and the Communes respectively.

It will be seen that the Federal Government bears only one-twelfth of the total cost, while the communes or municipalities pay nearly half, the remainder being the contribution of the cantons. Further, the Bund paid in 1905 nothing for secondary education or for continuation schools ; nor did it make any grant for higher education except for the Polytechnikum at Zurich, which is a Federal institution. Certain towns gave subsidies towards the cost of their University buildings ; but the burden of maintaining the Universities falls entirely on the cantonal exchequers. The communes found the greater part of the money for the volksschulen (primar- and sekundar-schulen) ; but their contribution to the mittelschulen (which correspond to the New Zealand " secondary schools ") was less than a sixth of the total cost of these schools to the State, the cantons providing over 84 per cent, of the money required. It may be of interest to note that no part of the cost of any school or college buildings was provided by the Bund ; of the total £140,000, the sum of £64,000 was paid by the cantons, and £76,000 by the communes.

Bund. I Cantons. Communes. Total. I. Primary II. Secondary— (a.) Sekundarschulen (6.) Mittelsohulen .. III. Continuation and Technical IV. Higher 84,000 585,000 & 1,001,000 £ 1,670,000 Nil Nil 84,000* 56,000f 115,000 141,000 174,000 159,000 134,000 26,000 109,000 24,000} 249,000 167,000 367,000 239,000 Total 224,000 1,174,000 1,294,000 2,692,000 •None for Continuation Schools, all for Technical Schools, in Zttrich. I For Buildings only. + For the Pi )lytechikum

iource of Contributions. Primary. ! Secondary. Technical. Higher. All Branches. iund 'antons iommunes.. 5-0 350 60-0 61-5 38-5 22-9 47-4 29-7 23-4 66-5 10-1 8-3 43-6 48-1 1000 1000 100-0 100-0 100-0