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the entry into Argentine territory of foreigners whose object is to devote themselves to agriculture, industry, science, or the arts. Foreigners, after four or six years of naturalisation respectively, become eligible for election as national deputies or senators, but without being naturalised may hold administrative and official positions in the Executive Government. The Government of the nation is divided into three branches established by the Constitution —(1) the legislative power which makes the laws; (2) the executive power which carries them into effect; and (3) the judicial body which construes and applies them in cases of conflict. The executive power of the nation is exercised by the President, who must be born in the republic and profess the Roman Catholic religion. The President is the supreme head of the nation and has charge of the general administration of the country, assisted by a Vice-President and eight Secretaries of State, the latter being directly appointed by himself. The legislative authority is vested in a National Congress, consisting of a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies, the former numbering thirty, two for each province and two for the capital, elected by a special body of electors in the capital and by the legislatures in the provinces. A senator must be thirty years of age, have been a citizen for six years, possess an income of $2,000, and be a native of the province for which he is elected, or have resided two years therein. A senator is elected for nine years and may be re-elected. A third of the Senate is renewed every three years. The deputies are elected by the people in the proportion of one for every 33,000 inhabitants, or fraction not below 16,000. At the present time there are 120 deputies. The age qualification is twenty-five years, four years' citizenship being obligatory. They are elected for four years and may be re-elected, half the number retiring every two years. Both Chambers sit in ordinary session during each year from the Ist May until the 30th September. The VicePresident of the republic is Chairman of the Senate, but otherwise holds no political power. Should the positions of President and Vice-President become vacant the Senate has the power to fill the vacancies. The President is Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy, and appoints to all civil, military, and judicial offices, subject to the approval of the Senate, and has the right of presentation to bishoprics. Population and Immigration. According to the census of 1895, there were in the country about 3,000,000 Argentines (all children born there of foreign parents are Argentines) and about 500,000 Italians; these latter by far the largest number of immigrants, and they are far better than the emigrants of the same nationality that go to the United States, from what I have seen. Some of the best and most intelligent people in all kinds of business and industries, especially in agriculture, are Italians. Next come the Spaniards, over 200,000 in number; next French, somewhat less than 100,000; next English, about 22,000; next Swiss, 15,000; and lastly the North Americans, as we are called, 1,400. These figures refer to the year 1895. The number of foreigners in the country at the 31st December, 1899, was 199,808, an increase of 20 per cent, on the returns of the year 1895. Immigrants in forty-four years, 1,935,077: Italians, in forty-four years, 1,198,550; Spaniards, 361,079; French, 162,636; British, 34,031; Austrians, 31,698; Germans, 27,834; Swiss, 24,873; Belgians, 19,082. Colonisation. The national and provincial Governments have made great efforts to promote colonisation on the large tracts of land which are available for settlement throughout the country. Private industry has also done a great deal in this same direction. The railway companies did a great amount of work in the early days of the opening-up of the roads, and largely by British capital new settlers were induced to settle on the agricultural and stock-raising land, particularly in Cordoba and Santa Fe, which is the central part of the Argentine. Many of the wealthier Spanish people have done a great deal to encourage settlement on the land. During the past few years the colonisation " stroeder " and the railways have organized about thirty colonies on the land, which cover more than 400,000 hectares, which also have twelve or thirteen new towns with a population of about 17,000 souls. As pointed out in a previous article, the Government offers every facility for new settlers purchasing land on time payment. Education. In reference to education, the primary education is compulsory from the age of nine to fourteen; secondary education from fourteen to nineteen is optional, as also the university or higher education from nineteen to twenty-five or twenty-six. No man can enter into any of the professions, including engineering, and take a prominent position in the Government without being a graduate of the National University, and having taken the course outlined in the above division of ages. In 1901 there were 470,000 pupils in the public schools, which are free to all, and free to people of all religions. Although the Catholic religion is the national religion, neither it nor any other religion is allowed to be taught in the schools. In the National University there are four faculties —law and social science, medicine, exact physical and natural science, and philosophy and letters. In 1901 there were 3,562 students in the University. Buenos Aires. The City. 1 cannot conclude without giving a description or some information about the beautiful and really great city of the world—Buenos Aires —and a brief outline of its characteristics, history, size, and general features. Its early history is full of trouble. Founded in 1535, destroyed and rebuilt; and then from 1650, when there were four hundred houses. In 1852, when the noted President Rosas was turned