IMPERIAL CONFERENCE, 1911 (PAPERS LAID BEFORE THE), DEALING WITH NAVAL AND MILITARY DEFENCE.

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1912 Session II, A-04

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Session 11. 1912. NEW ZEALAND.

IMPERIAL CONFERENCE, 1911 (PAPERS LAID BEFORE THE), DEALING WITH NAVAL AND MILITARY DEFENCE.

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

CONTENTS. Page I. Memorandum of Conferences between the British Admiralty and Representatives of Canada and Australia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 11. Report of a Committee of the Imperial Conference convened to discuss Defence (Military) at the Wai Office .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3

No. I. MEMORANDUM OF CONFERENCES BETWEEN THE BRITISH ADMIRALTY AND REPRESENTATIVES OF THE DOMINION OF CANADA AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA. The Naval Services and Forces of the Dominions of Canada and Australia will be exclusively under the control of their respective Governments. 2. The training and discipline of the Naval Forces of the Dominions will be generally uniform with the training and discipline of the fleet of the United Kingdom, and, by arrangement, officers and men of the said forces will be interchangeable with those under the control of the British Admiralty. 3. The ships of each Dominion Naval Force will hoist at the stern the white ensign as the symbol of the authority of the Crown, and at the jack-staff the distinctive flag of the Dominion. 4. The Canadian and Australian Governments will have their own navel stations as agreed upon and from time to time. The limits of the stations are as described in Schedule (A), Canada, and Schedule (B), Australia. 5. In the event of the Canadian or Australian Government desiring to send ships to a part of the British Empire outside of their own respective stations, they will notify the British Admiralty. 6. In the event of the Canadian or Australian Government desiring to send ships to a foreign port, they will obtain the concurrence of the Imperial Government, in order that the necessary arrangements with the Foreign Office may be made, as in the case of ships of the British fleet, in such time and manner as is usual between the British Admiralty and the Foreign Office. 7. While the ships of the Dominions are at a foreign port a report of their proceedings will be forwarded by the officer in command to the Commander-in-Chief on the station or to the British Admiralty. The officer in command of a Dominion ship so long as he remains in the foreign port will obey any instructions he may receive from the Government of the United Kingdom as to the conduct of any international matters that may arise, the Dominion Government being informed.

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8. The Commanding Officer of a Dominion ship having to put into a foreign port without previous arrangement, on account of stress of weather, damage, or any unforeseen emergency, will report his arrival and reason for calling to the Commander-in-Chief of the station or to the Admiralty, and will obey, so long as he remains in the foreign port, any instructions he may receive from the Government of the United Kingdom as to his relations with the authorities, the Dominion Government being informed. 9. When a ship of the British Admiralty meets a ship of the Dominions, the senior officer will have the right of command in matters of ceremony or international intercourse, or where united action is agreed upon, but will have no power to direct the movements of ships of the other service unless the ships are ordered to co-operate by mutual arrangement. 10. In foreign ports the senior officer will take command, but not so as to interfere with the orders that the junior may have received from his own Government. 11. When a court-martial has to be ordered by a Dominion and a sufficient number of officers are not available in the Dominion service at the time, the British Admiralty, if requested, will make the necessary arrangements to enable a court to be formed. Provision will be made by order of His Majesty in Council and by the Dominion Governments respectively to define the conditions under which officers of the different services are to sit on joint courts-martial. 12. The British Admiralty undertakes to lend to the Dominions during the period of development of their services, under conditions to be agreed upon, such flag officer and other officers and men as may be needed. In their selection preference will be given to officers and men coming from, or connected with, the Dominions, but they should all be volunteers for the service. 13. The service of officers of the British fleet in the Dominion Naval Forces, or of officers of these forces in the British fleet, will count in all respects for promotion, pay, retirement, &c, as service in their respective forces. 14. In order to determine all questions of seniority that may arise, the names of all officers will be shown in the Navy List, and their seniority determined by the date of their commissions, whichever is the earlier, in the British, Canadian, or Australian services. 15. It is desirable, in the interests of efficiency and co-operation, that arrangements should be made from time to time between the British Admiralty and the Dominions for the ships of the Dominions to take part in fleet exercises or for any other joint training considered necessary under the Senior Naval Officer. While so employed, the ships will be under the command of that officer, who would not, however, interfere in the internal economy of ships of another service further than absolutely necessary. 16. In time of war, when the Naval Service of a Dominion, or any part thereof, has been put at the disposal of the Imperial Government by the Dominion authorities, the ships will form an integral part of the British fleet, and will remain under the control of the British Admiralty during the continuance of the war. 17. The Dominions having applied to their Naval Forces the King's Regulations and Admiralty Instructions and the Naval Discipline Act, the British Admiralty and Dominion Governments will communicate to each other any changes which they propose to make in those Regulations or that Act. June, 1911.

SCHEDULE (A). Canada. The Canadian Atlantic Station will include the waters north of 30° north latitude and west of the meridian of 40° west longitude. The Canadian Pacific Station will include the waters north of 30° north latitude and east of the meridian of 180° longitude.

THE WORLD

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SCHEDULE (B). Australia. The Australian Naval Station will include— On the North. —From 95° east longitude by the parallel of 13° south|latitude to 120° east longitude, thence north to 11° south latitude, thence to the boundary with Dutch New Guinea on the south coast in about longitude 141° east, thence along the coast of British New Guinea to the boundary with German New Guinea in latitude 8° south, thence east to 155° east longitude. On the East. —By the meridian of 155° east longitude to 15° south latitude, thence to 28° south latitude on the meridian of 170° east longitude, thence south to 32° south latitude, thence west to the meridian of 160° east longitude, thence south. On the South. —By the Antarctic Circle. On the West. —By the meridian of 95° east longitude.

No. 11. REPORT OF A COMMITTEE OF THE IMPERIAL CONFERENCE CONVENED TO DISCUSS DEFENCE (MILITARY) AT THE WAR OFFICE. 14th and 17th June, 1911. Chairman : General Sir William Nicholson, Chief of the Imperial General Staff. Members : Brigadier-General H. H. Wilson, C.8., D.5.0., Director of Military Operations. Brigadier-General L. E. Kiggell, C.8., Director of Staff Duties. Major-General A. J. Murray, C.8., C.V.0., D.5.0., Director of Military Training. Colonel J. Adye, C.8., General Staff. Colonel W. H. Bowes, General Staff. Dominion of Canada — The Honourable Sir F. W. Borden, K.C.M.G., Minister of Militia and Defence. Major-General C. J; Mackenzie, C.8., Chief of the General Staff, Dominion 'of Canada. Colonel S. Hughes, M.P., Railway Intelligence Officer. Commonwealth of Australia — The Honourable G. F. Pearce, Minister of Defence. Commander S. A. Pethebridge, Secretary to the Department of Defence. Dominion of New Zealand — The Honourable J. G. Findlay, K.C., LL.D., Attorney-General and Minister of Justice. Union of South Africa — The Honourable F. S. Malan, Minister of Education. A Committee constituted as above appointed to consider various subjects in connection with the military defence of the Empire met at the War Office on Wednesday, 14th June, and Saturday, 17th June, when the following matters were considered and conclusions arrived at :— (A.) —The Co-operation of the Military Forces of the Empire. The Committee agreed that, in view of the fact that the representatives of the self-governing Dominions at the Imperial Defence Conference of 1909 signified their general concurrence in the proposition " That each part of the Empire is willing

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to make its preparations on such lines as will enable it, should it so desire, to take its share in the general defence of the Empire," the arrangements required to facilitate the co-operation of the Military Forces of the Empire fall within the scope of the duties of the local sections of the Imperial General Staff working under the orders of their respective Governments and in communication with the central section at the War Office, on which the Dominions will be represented. (B.) —The Progress op the Imperial General Staff and the Development of its Functions. The following statement, showing the progress that has been made, was laid before the Committee by the Chief of the Imperial General Staff:— The need for a General Staff " selected from the forces of the Empire as a whole " was affirmed by the Imperial Conference which met in London in 1907, and it was then decided that the Chief of the General Staff should put forward definite proposals to give effect to the resolutions of the Conference on this subject. Accordingly, proposals were put forward through the Colonial Office to the Governments of the self-governing Dominions in December, 1908. These proposals were generally accepted by the Governments concerned early in the following year, and the actual formation of an Imperial General Staff was then taken in hand. The Imperial General Staff has therefore been scarcely two years in existence. In such a short period it would not be reasonable to look for very great progress. The General Staff of the German Army in its present form had been in existence for over half a century before its value was proved to the world in 1866 and 1870. The General Staff of the Japanese Army was over twentyfive years old before the recent campaign in Manchuria began. Although the General Staff of the Kegular Army had only been in existence, under that name, a little over three years when its development into an Imperial General Staff was decided on, a Staff, which included in its duties a good deal of what is now known as General Staff work, had been in existence for centuries ; the Staff College had been established for over half a century ; and a large number of experienced Staff officers were available to take up the duties of the new formation. Notwithstanding its extreme youth in its present form, it may fairly be claimed that considerable progress has been made by the Imperial General Staff in its two years of existence, as will be seen from the following short account of what has been done :— As soon as the formation of the Imperial General Staff was seriously taken in hand it was found that more definite agreement on various points was required, and accordingly a paper on the detailed arrangement of loans, attachments, and interchanges of and between officers of the Regular Army and officers of the forces of the oversea Dominions was drawn up under the orders of the Chief of the Imperial General Staff in 1910, and was forwarded through the Colonial Office for the consideration of the various Governments concerned. The proposals contained in that paper have been accepted in principle by Canada and New Zealand. Australia has not yet replied, and the Government of the Union of South Africa have stated that they are not in a position to enter into any engagement at present. Formation and Organization of Local Sections of the Imperial General Staff in each Dominion. Canada. A Canadian section of the Imperial General Staff is in process of formation and is being evolved from the existing Canadian General Staff in accordance with a proposal put forward by the Department of Militia and Defence in 1909. The following officers may perhaps be regarded as constituting the Canadian Section of the Imperial General Staff, so far as its formation has gone : — Chief of the General Staff and Ist Military Member of the Militia Council (Major-General, General Staff) — Major-General C. J. Mackenzie, C.B.

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Director of Operations and Staff Duties (General Staff Officer, 2nd Grade) — Major G. Paley. Commandant, Royal Military College, Kingston (General Staff Officer, Ist Grade)— Lieutenant-Colonel J. H. V. Crowe. Professors, Royal Military College, Kingston (General Staff Officers, 2nd Grade) — Major T. B. Wood. Captain W. Robertson. A request has lately been received for six more General Staff Officers to be sent to Canada to be employed as follows :— One General Staff Officer, Ist Grade, for mobilization duties at Militia Headquarters. Four General Staff Officers, 2nd Grade, for duty with divisions in Eastern Canada. One General Staff Officer, 2nd Grade, for duty in the districts of Western Canada. Australia. The Commonwealth Section of the Imperial General Staff was organized in August, 1909, and is now constituted as follows :— Headquarters. Chief of the General Staff and Chief of the Commonwealth Section, Imperial General Staff— Major-General J. C. Hoad, C.M.G. Director of Defence Organization— (This position has not yet been filled.) Director of Military Training — Major P. A. Wilson, D.S.O. (an Imperial Exchange Officer replacing Captain C. B. B. White, Commonwealth Forces, who is attached to the War Office as General Staff Officer, 3rd Grade). Director of Intelligence — Colonel the Hon. J. W. McCay, V.D. The duties allotted to each branch are as follows :— Commonwealth Section of the Imperial General Staff. At Headquarters. Chief of the Commonwealth Section, Imperial General Staff. Organization for war. Plans of concentration for war. Intelligence concerning the Commonwealth. Preparation and maintenance of defence scheme. Training and instruction. Supervision and inspection of training at camps, manoeuvres, &c. Education and examination for promotion of officers. Recommendation for appointment to and promotion of officers of Commonwealth Section of the Imperial General Staff. Field operations and [promulgation of operationjg[orders. Schemes for manoeuvres and staff rides. and training-manuals. General Staff libraries. Preparation of maps. Advice upon raising and disbanding of units. Censorship in time of war. Director of Defence Organization. Organization and plans of concentration for war. Defence schemes for the Commonwealth. Strategical and tactical reconnaissances. Director of Military Training. Training and instruction of all arms. Education and examination for promotion of officers. Arrangement of classes of instruction. Conduct of examination of officers for Staff College, and for appointment to Permanent Forces. Schemes for manoeuvres and staff rides. Drill-books and training-manuals. Advice upon the acquisition of training-grounds and ranges. Advice upon the allotment of funds for training and manoeuvres.

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Director of Intelligence. Intelligence. Preparation and issue of maps. Headquarters library. In Districts. Officers of the Commonwealth Section of the Imperial General Staff will, under the respective Commandants, carry out the duties in districts corresponding to those laid down for the Commonwealth Section of the Imperial General Staff at Headquarters. New Zealand. The Dominion Section of the Imperial General Staff was organized in December, 1910, as follows : — Dominion Section of the Imperial General Staff. Director of Military Training and Staff Duties— Lieutenant-Colonel E. S. Heard, p.s.c, Imperial General Staff. Attached to the General Staff — Captain H. H. Brown (Mounted Services). Captain G. S. Richardson (Garrison and Field Artillery Services). Captain J. E. Duigan (Engineer Services). (An additional officer to be appointed.) Director of Military Operations and Intelligence — Lieutenant-Colonel J. T. Burnett-Stuart, D.5.0., p.s.c, Imperial General Staff. Attached to the General Staff — (An officer to be appointed.) Major-General A. J. Godley, C.8., combines the functions of Chief of the local section of the Imperial General Staff with his duties as Commandant of the Defence Forces. The New Zealand Government have applied for the services of four more General Officers, who will shortly proceed to take up their appointments as 3rd Grade General Staff Officers in districts. South Africa. When the various self-governing South African Colonies received the Imperial General Staff Memorandum early in 1909 they were unable to enter into any engagement in view of the great impending political change. The Governor-General of South Africa has now transmitted a minute from the Union Government of South Africa acknowledging receipt of the Memorandum on Loans, Attachments, and Interchanges, and stating that they are not yet in a position to gauge what will be the actual requirements of the Union Defence Forces. Necessity for having One Supreme Head to the Imperial General Staff. This necessity was recognized and the Chief of the General Staff became the Chief of the Imperial General Staff. This change of title was effected in November, 1909. Subjects with which Local Sections of tt,e Imperial General Staff should deal. It was recommended in the Imperial General Staff Memorandum, dated the 7th December, 1908, that these sections should deal with— 1. Local defence. 2. The training of troops on lines similar to those now followed for the United Kingdom by the Training Directorate at the War Office. These subjects are now being dealt with by the Commonwealth Section of the Imperial General Staff in Australia, and by the Canadian General Staff, Canada. The New Zealand Section of the Imperial General Staff has had little time to do more than organize the new formation and arrange the allotment of duties ; but these are already well in hand, and some progress has been made in the direction of training officers and non-commissioned officers.

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Relationship between the Chief of the Imperial General Staff and the Chiefs of Local Sections, and the Best Method of keeping Touch between them. So far as is practicable at this stage of the development of the Imperial General Staff, efforts have been made to apply the principles recommended in the memorandum of the 7th December, 1908. There are difficulties, however, in establishing that close connection which, without interfering with complete local control, will still enable the central section to indicate what are the correct general principles in purely military matters and assist local sections in obtaining such advice as they may need. In fact, the necessity for some personal intercourse between central and local sections has been felt. With a view to meeting this requirement the Chief of the Imperial General Staff is now in touch with the chiefs of local sections by means of a direct system of semi-official correspondence on subjects, such as routine and training, on which direct correspondence has been approved by the Governments concerned. But it would appear that the further development which is so essential must be largely dependent upon the formation at Headquarters of a Dominion section on the lines suggested in the memorandum of the 31st August, 1910, on the subject of loans, attachments, and interchanges. Appendix (A)* shows the extent to which the principle of loans, attachments, and interchanges of officers has been carried out in recent years. Appendix (B) shows the officers belonging to the self-governing Dominions who have undergone a course at the Staff College. From these appendices it will be seen that progress is being made towards providing for future requirements of the central and local sections of the Imperial General Staff. (Conclusion.) The Committee accept this statement, and desire to express their satisfaction at the progress that has been made. (C.) —Examinations for the Promotion of Officers of the Permanent Forces of the Dominions. The following memorandum by the General Staff was laid before the Committee : — A short history of how the overseas Dominions have gradually adopted, for officers of their Permanent Military Forces, the same examinations for promotion as those laid down for officers of the British Regular Army, is set forth hereunder. In order to show the progress that has been made in those examinations since their adoption, a table of results is attached, Appendix (C). For the purpose of comparison, this table also includes the results of the examination of officers of the British Regular Army. Canada. 2. On the 10th September, 1903, a despatch was received from the GovernorGeneral of the Dominion of Canada on the subject of the examination of officers of the Permanent Forces for promotion. In it Lord Dundonald expressed a desire that officers of the Permanent Forces of Canada should undergo the same examinations for promotion, and at the same time,, as those laid down for officers of the British Regular Army. This request was agreed to, and papers were forwarded on the 14th October, 1903. At this time the examinations of lieutenants and captains were almost entirely theoretical. 1904. The syllabuses for the examination of officers of the British Regular Army, which had undergone revision and assumed their present lines, came into operation. Canada adopted this revise.

* Interchanges between the forces of the self-governing Dominions, of which the War Office has no cognizance, are not included in this Appendix.

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1905. At the request of the Government of the Dominion of Canada, arrangements were made for the candidates' answers to the papers of questions sent out for use at the May examination to be sent Home for correction by examiners employed by the War Canada bearing the extra thereby. On the Bth May, 1905, Canada informed the War Office that the Board of Examiners (Canada) had been authorized to substitute for any question in the examination papers that did not come within the scope of the knowledge of an officer of the Canadian Permanent Force a question in meaning and extent, but which might fairly be said to come within that scope. A copy of substituted questions, together with the necessary books and a reference to where the correct answers were to be found, to be forwarded to theJWarJOffice with the candidates' work. 1907. At the request of the Chief of the General Staff, Canadian Militia, alternative questions were set by War Office Examiners fin the paper on military law ( (d) (ii)). Substituted questions on papers dealing with organization, administration, &c, were still being set by the Board of Examiners, Canada. This latter arrangement did not work very well. 1909. This was pointed out in a letter Ito Canada, forwarded through the Colonial Office, dated 12th August, 1909. It was suggested that any substituted questions in a paper (other than organization and administration) set by the Board of Examiners in Canada should be marked by them and the results forwarded to the War Office for compilation with the results in other subjects. It was also suggested that the paper on organization and administration ( (d) (iii)) and army medical organization in peace and war should be set entirely by the Canadian military authorities, in which case those two papers would be no longer sent out from War Office for the use of officers of the Canadian Permanent Forces. In the reply, Canada requested that the system of setting and marking examination papers should be given a further trial in December, 1909. On the 14th October, 1909, the Canadian authorities were informed through the Colonial Office that the Army Councilwere willing to give the system a further trial. It was pointed out, however, that— (1.) It was impossible to conduct satisfactorily the examination in organization and interior economy laid down for officers of the (British) Regular Army when applied to officers of the Canadian Perma.nent Forces. The subjects and subheads referred to were subhead (iii) of subject (d) —Organization and Administration ; subject (h), lieutenants, R.A.M.C, Organization, Administration, and Interior Econo ay of the Royal Army Medical Corps ; subject (i), lieutenants A.V.C., Organization, Administration, and Interior Economy of the Army Veterinpry Corps. Army Medical Organization in Peace and War —Majors of the Royal Army Medical Corps. (2.) The War Office Examinern had repeatedly represented their inability to deal satisfactorily with answers to such questions written by Canadian officers. It was suggested that the Army Council would undertake the examination of officers of the Canadian Permanent Forces in all written subjects and subheads, except those mentioned above. The papers were to be identically the same as used for officers of the British Regular Army, with alternative questions in military law ( (<Z) (ii) ). The papers enumerated above to be set entirely by the Canadian Militia Council. Specimen papers in these subjects set by the War Office were to be sent out to Canada (as soon as printed) for the purpose only of indicating the standard which it is considered desirable to maintain. The result of the examination in those subjects, with the remarks of the Examiners, to be sent Home for compilation in the report on the examination published by the War Office.

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It was considered that, if the above method was adopted, the necessity of Canadian military authorities setting alternative questions would be avoided. Canada agreed to those proposals coming into operation after the December, 1909, examination. Another point arose in December, 1909, with reference to the Army Service Corps papers in subject (g), owing to the War Office Examiner not being familiar with local conditions in Canada ; but this was subsequently arranged by sending out the papers confidentially some time beforehand, and allowing the military authorities of Canada to substitute questions for any not considered suitable for officers of the Permanent Force, employing their own examiner to set and correct the questions so substituted, and forwarding the marks allotted to the War Office. This arrangement is working satisfactorily. 1910. For the December, 1910, examination the Canadian military authorities adopted the examination paper in subhead (d) (iii) and subjects (h) and (i). No candidates took up the two latter papers. Australia. 3. On the Bth July, 1909, a despatch was received from the Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, asking if the Army Council would be prepared to make the same arrangements for examining the officers of the Permanent Forces of the Commonwealth as were made in the case of the Canadian Permanent Forces. The Army Council replied, on the 26th July, 1909, that they would be very pleased to make similar arrangements, but stated that the then existing arrangement by which the President of the Canadian Examining Board was empowered to substitute questions for any not considered suitable in the papers of questions sent out from the War Office was not altogether satisfactory, and a new arrangement was under consideration. On the 6th October, 1909, a letter was forwarded through the Colonial Office, stating that the Army Council fully recognized the principles underlying the proposals of the Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, that the military education of officers of the Permanent Military Forces throughout the Empire should be as far as possible assimilated. They were prepared to examine officers of the Permanent Forces of Australia in all the written examinations with certain exceptions (the conditions mentioned in letter re Canada dated the 14th October, 1909, were set forth). These conditions were accepted, and the system is working satisfactorily. New Zealand. 4. On the 20th October, 1910, a despatch was received from the High Commissioner for New Zealand asking the Army Council to forward papers for the examination of officers of the Permanent Forces of New Zealand. The Army Council replied on the 28th October, 1910, that they would be pleased to forward papers under the same conditions as appertained to Australia. No officers have yet been examined, but it is anticipated that some will attend the examination in May, 1911. On the 14th December, 1910, Colonel Heard, who had taken up his appointment as D.M.T. in New Zealand, wrote that, as the organization of the Military Forces of that Dominion will be" modelled on that in England, there was no reason why the officers of the New Zealand Permanent Forces should not take the same paper in (d) (iii) as officers at Home, and asked for reconsideration of decision of the Army Council not to set the paper in (d) (iii). As regards (h) and (i), there were no officers of the E.A.M.C. or A.V.C. The Army Council replied that they would be pleased to reconsider their decision. Examination for Tactical Fitness for Command in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. 5. In 1910 the examinations for tactical fitness for command were revised, for officers serving in the United Kingdom, whereby the paper for examination

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in Part I, Appendix XII, King's Regulations, is now set under arrangements made by the War Office. The offer to extend this system to officers serving abroad and to officers of the Permanent Forces of the oversea Dominions was made, and was well responded to in the first examination held in December, 1910. It may be added here that the Government of India have also quite recently decided to adopt our examinations entirely. 6. The remarks of the Director of Military Training in the " Report on Examinations " have of late been considerably amplified. A supply of those reports is made to the oversea Dominions with a view to assisting instructions. Local Sections, General Staff. 7. Frequent correspondence with a view to attaining uniformity of standard takes place between the General Staff at the War Office and the local sections of the Imperial General Staff, and the greatest harmony prevails. The papers themselves are now forwarded direct to the local sections of General Staff in the oversea Dominions, thereby saving time. During the past year officers of the Australian, Canadian, and New Zealand Forces have been attached to the branch of the General Staff under the D.M.T. at the War Office, in order to make themselves familiar with the working of the machinery of that Department. Colonel Heard, before taking up his appointment as D.M.T. in New Zealand, also attended for this purpose. Certain changes have been made in the regulations relating to the examination of officers for promotion. Those changes have been explained to each of the oversea Dominions by circular letter. Summary. 8. From the above, it will be seen that very real effect has been given already to the proposals made at the Colonial Conferences of 1907 and 1909, in which it was agreed that the education of officers was the bedrock of the formation of the Imperial organization. It is hoped that the officers of the Permanent Forces of the Commonwealth of Australia will shortly take the paper set in (d) (iii) (Organization, &c.) for officers of the British Regular Army, as has already been done in the case of officers of the Permanent Forces of Canada and New Zealand. It may then be said that all the oversea Dominions will have adopted our examinations almost in every detail. Considering the short time in which this has been brought about, it may be considered that very satisfactory progress has been made towards uniformity of education of officers throughout the Empire. (Conclusion.) The Committee consider that satisfactory progress has been and is being made to give effect to the proposals regarding the education of officers throughout the Empire which were agreed to at the Conferences of 1907 and 1909 ; and they desire to record their opinion that the action taken on these proposals has already resulted in a marked improvement in military education. (D.) —Courses op Instruction in the United Kingdom and India of Officers of the Oversea Dominions. The following memorandum by the General Staff was laid before the Committee : — As regards the attendance of officers of the forces of the self-governing Dominions at schools of instruction in the United Kingdom, much consideration has been given to the question by the War Office. Heretofore the majority of such attachments have been arranged by High Commissioners direct with the Commandants of the schools of instruction and General Officers Commanding concerned. This method was found to be unsatisfactory. A Committee has recently considered the whole question of the attachment of officers of the self-governing Dominions and colonies to schools and units of the Regular Army.

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As a result of this Committee's recommendations, it is proposed that all applications for the attachment of officers for instructions, &c, should be addressed by High Commissioners to the Secretary, War Office, in the first instance. The branch of the War Office concerned will then advise upon such attachments and draw up the necessary programmes. Arrangements with schools of instruction and commands will be made by the War Office, and High Commissioners will be notified accordingly. On the completion of a course of instruction a report of each officer will be rendered by the War Office to the Government concerned, through the prescribed channel of correspondence. 2. As the Government of India have concurred generally in the proposals made in the memorandum on loans, attachments, interchanges, &c, it is presumed that similar arrangements will be made in the case of officers of the Dominion Forces sent to India to undergo courses of instruction in that country. 3. With reference to paragraph 9 of the memorandum on the subject of loans, attachments, and interchanges, in order that a suitable programme of work may be drawn up for the instruction of attached or interchanged officers of the self-governing Dominions, it is desirable that the War Office should be informed as to what duties such officers will be required to perform on return to their own countries. To enable suitable programmes to be drawn up for each individual, such information should be furnished when the application is submitted for the attachment or interchange, in addition to the information specified in the above-mentioned paragraph. 4. It should be borne in mind that in the United Kingdom the year is divided into two periods for training purposes. The first period, " individual training," consists of the four winter months, November, December, January, and February, and is primarily employed in the individual training of all ranks to enable them to take their places in their units. The second period, " collective training," lasts from the Ist March to the 31st October. The latter period is devoted to perfecting the training of units to enable them to take their places in the higher formations of the Army, and to training these formations themselves. It commences with squadron, battery, or company training, which is followed by training in the next highest formation, and so on until it culminates in combined training of all arms in manoeuvres or tactical exercises. It is therefore recommended that all attachments and interchanges should be so arranged as to enable officers to obtain the advantage to be derived from a progressive course of training. 5. In the case of officers of the self-governing Dominions sent Home on the interchange system, it should be observed that these officers temporarily fill definite positions in the Home Army, for which they receive certain rates of pay. The duties and responsibilities appertaining to these positions, whatever they may be, are definitely fixed. It is therefore difficult to arrange a suitable programme of instruction for them without disorganizing to some extent the training of the unit to which they are posted on interchange. In the case of attached officers this is not the case, as they are supernumerary to the establishment, and they can therefore be spared to attend such courses, &c, as may be deemed fit, without interfering with the unit to which they may be attached. (Conclusion.) The Committee consider that the arrangements made are satisfactory. ,(E.) —The Terms upon which Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces could be invited if the Dominion Governments so desire. The following memorandum by the General Staff was laid before the Committee : — In considering arrangements for the inspection of the forces of the selfgoverning Dominions it is understood that such inspections can only take place on the invitation of the Governments concerned.

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In the event of the Government of a self-governing Dominion desiring that its forces should be inspected, the Army Council will be prepared to make the necessary arrangements for the inspection to be carried out by the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces. In such cases the duties of the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces will be similar, mutatis mutandis, to those denned in paragraphs 7 to 10 and 13 of War Office Memorandum, dated 20th June, 1910, for the inspection of those portions of the Empire outside the United Kingdom and the limits of the Mediterranean command, where troops under the control of the Home Government are stationed. These duties would be as follows :— He must form a judgment on the efficiency of officers and men, on the handling of troops, on the standard and system of training, on the suitability of equipment, and generally on all that affects the readiness of the forces for war. For the proper discharge of his functions it is necessary that he should— (a.) By means of inspection ascertain whether the training, instruction, and preparation for war of the forces of the Dominion concerned, as laid down by regulations, are fully carried out in the various commands, and whether a uniform standard of efficiency is attained: (b.) Advise as to changes of regulations bearing on (a): (c.) Acquaint the Minister of Defence with the state of the forces of the Dominion concerned as regards both personnel and equipment. 2. The functions of the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces should be exercised with due regard to the general system of inspection applicable to an army, this system as carried out consecutively by Regimental Commanders, Commanders of Brigades, General Officers Commanding and local Inspectors-General being of a progressive nature. In every case the object of an inspection is to ascertain the results achieved by the officer responsible for the efficiency of the unit or body of troops concerned. It is the duty of an Inspecting Officer to bring omissions and defects to notice, but this should be done without fettering the initiative or trenching on the responsibility of the Commanding Officer in regard to the training of his men. In addition to the duties enumerated above, the inspection of the coast defences of a Dominion will be included in the functions of the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces. The Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces would report to the Minister of Defence of the Dominion concerned, forwarding a copy of his report for the information of the Army Council. Unless specially asked to do so by the Government of a Dominion, it would not be the duty of the Inspector-General to deal with questions of military policy, war organizations, schemes of local defence, the system of education of officers or similar matters, on which the local headquarters section of the Imperial General Staff are responsible for advising their respective Governments. His opinion on these subjects would not, until confirmed by competent authority, commit the War Office or His Majesty's Government. 3. The Chief of the Imperial General Staff being charged by the Secretary of State for War with the military defence of the Empire, and with the system of military training and with war organization, so far as the forces under the control of the Home Government are concerned, it would seem expedient, should the Governments of the Dominions require advice on such matters other than that to be obtained from their local sections of the Imperial General Staff, that application for such advice should be made to the War Office through the approved channel. Otherwise divergent views may be expressed and confusion may result. 4. The question of sharing between the Home and Dominion Governments the expenses incurred in connection with visits of inspection of the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces must be considered ; and it is suggested that the following proposal would meet the case as regards inspections in Dominions in which no forces under the control of the Home Government are employed : — The Home Government to be liable for — Pay of the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces and his Staff: Passages one way: Travelling expenses and allowances in the United Kingdom.

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The Dominion to be liable for — Passages one way: Travelling expenses and allowances in the Dominion. In the case of a Dominion, such as South Africa, where troops under the control of the Home Government are stationed, it would save time and money if any desired inspection of the Dominion Forces could be carried out when the Inspector-General was visiting the Dominion for the purpose of inspecting the Regular troops ; the liability of the Dominion Government being then limited to any extra expenses due to the inspection of their own forces. 5. By the Ist November in each year the Inspector-General of the Oversea Forces submits, for the approval of the Army Council, a programme of his inspections during the following year, beginning on the Ist April. In the event of the Government of a self-governing Dominion desiring its forces to be inspected, it will be convenient that application should be made to the Army Council not later than the Ist August in the year preceding that in which it is desired the inspection should take place. (Conclusion.) The Committee recommend the acceptance of the terms proposed. (F.) —The Education of Officers at the Staff Colleges. The following memorandum by the General Staff was laid before the Committee : — There is one important matter connected with the education of officers which, in the opinion of the Army Council, should be discussed in detail with the representatives, and that is the question of the entrance of officers belonging to the forces of the Oversea Dominions to the Staff Colleges at Camberley and Quetta. In the first place it is essential that officers selected for a course at one of the Staff Colleges should possess sufficient military knowledge and general education to enable them to profit fully by the instruction given there. This is ensured, as regards officers of the Regular Army, by requiring them to prepare, by a course of previous study, for the work they would have to do at the Staff College, and to give proof that they have done so by qualifying at the entrance examination. Canada and Australia now require admission, and it is desired to submit for the consideration of the representatives of the other Oversea Dominions that, in their own interests, equal demands should be made on their officers. In regard to this question it is necessary to remember that it is intended that the p.s.c. certificate shall be regarded as a qualification for employment on the Imperial General Staff, so far as professional requirements are concerned, and it is essential that no officer should be appointed to the Imperial General Staff whose attainments have not been proved to come up to the required standard. For this reason, if officers of the forces of the Oversea Dominions are to be admitted to a Staff College without having proved their fitness to profit by the course of instruction there, it would be necessary to consider the introduction of an examination for them before they left the college, upon the result of which their inclusion in the list of Staff College graduates would depend, provided that the report of the Military Board was satisfactory. The full course at the Staff College is of two years' duration, and, in the interests of the forces of the Oversea Dominions and of the proper training of candidates for the Imperial General Staff, it is not advisable, as a general rule, that any period of instruction less than two years should be recognized as qualifying an officer for the p.s.c. certificate. Although a very limited number of officers of the Regular Army below the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, who are considered specially qualified by approved service on the staff in the field, are permitted to undergo a one-year course at a Staff College, it must be remembered that such officers have had the advantage of at least from fifteen to twenty years' experience with troops, in addition to having given proof of having reached a high standard of military knowledge and aptitude. The

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officers of the forces of the various oversea Dominions, who have not hadf equal opportunities of gaining experience in the profession of arms, cannot be expected to have reached the same standard of military knowledge ; and, in the interests of the Imperial General Staff and of the forces of Dominions themselves, it is not considered that any curtailment of the full course of instruction should be permitted in their case. As accommodation at the college is limited, it is necessary that applications for admission should, in future, be despatched in time to reach the War Office by the 31st May annually for admission in the following January. This would give time to consider the possibility of making the necessary arrangements. (Conclusion.) The Committee agree to the general conditions, stated in this paper, as to the qualifications necessary for admission of officers belonging to the forces of the Oversea Dominions to the Staff Colleges at Camberley and Quetta ; and as to the general rule that no period of instruction less than two years should be recognized as qualifying an officer for the p.s.c. certificate. The Committee recommend that the accommodation and staff at Camberley should be increased sufficiently to enable not less than twelve or thirteen officers of the forces of the Dominions to be admitted annually ; and that the Dominions should contribute towards the cost of this increased accommodation and any necessary increase in instructional and administrative staff ; such contribution to take the form of an annual payment per capita for each student at a rate to be agreed on, which it is understood would be, approximately, £200.

APPENDIX (A). Table showing Officers of the Regular Forces who were employed in the Oversea Dominions in January, 1909, or who have been employed there since that date; and Officers of the Forces of the Oversea Dominions employed with or attached to the Regular Forces during the same Period.

Hank and Name. Corps. Appointment. From To Eemarks. Canada. Loans. Capt. E. N. Mozley Maj.-Gen. Sir P. H. N. Lake, K.C.M.G., C.B., p.s.c. Capt. H. R. V. de Bury . . Capt. C. Russell-Brown .. Lieut.-Col. W. G. Gwatkin, p.s.c. Lt.-Col. E. T. Taylor, p.s.c. Major J. B. Pym Major G. R. Poole R.E. Prof., R.M.C., Canada C.G.S. Canada, Insp.-Gen. and Ch. Mil. Adviser Prof. R.M.C., Canada % 25/8/04 1/11/04 25/8/09 11/11/10 Major-Gen. General Staff. Pf. ■■ - ■ E.A. R.E. 23/8/05 28/9/05 15/10/05 22/8/10 31/7/10 20/10/09 Lieut.-Col. C. E. English. . Capt. E. H. Robinson Lieut. E. F. S. Dawson .. Capt. M. St. L. Simon R.M. R.M.A. R.A. A.O.D. R.E. Dir. Oper. and Staff Duties, Canada Comdt. R.M.C., Canada Insp. Small Arms, Canada.. Employed with Forces, Canada Ditto, and C.S.O. Quebec, Comdt. Insp. Ord. Machinery Instr. R.M.C., Canada Instr. in Elocfiric Lighting, Canada Instr. R.M.C., Canada Employed with Forces, Canada Ditto 12/10/05 22/2/06 29/3/06 1/4/06 1/4/06 12/4/06 17/5/06 11/10/09 22/5/10 Date (?) 09 Date 16/5/10 General Staff, 2nd Grade. Ditto. Lieut. W. K. P. Blair . . Capt. W. L. de M. Carey . . R.A. R.E. 20/9/06 10/5/07 Date 10/11/09 Lieut. A. D. MacDonald .. Lieut.-Col. R. K. Scott . . Lieut. L. G. Matterson .. Capt. T. P. C. Smith Capt. H. B. H. Johnston Lieut. Gγ. L. Peterson Capt. A. B. Carey Capt. J. P. Shine Capt. H. A. Kaulbach .. Lieut. W. G. Tyrrell R.A. A.O.D. R.A. R.W.K. Regt. R.A. A.S.C. R.E. R.M. R. Lane. Regt. R.E. 20/2/07 20/5/07 27/9/07 18/10/07 8/4/08 18/7/08 22/8/08 17/9/08 17/9/08 17/9/08 20/3/11 19/5/10 26/9/09 Date 8/5/09 Date Prof. R.M.C., Canada Staff Adj. R.M.C., Canada.. Employed with Forces, Canada Ditto Capt. H. L. Bingay )3 9/10/08

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APPENDIX (A)— continued. Table showing Officers of the Regular Forces who were employed in the Oversea Dominions in January, 1909, &c. —continued.

Bank and Name. Corps. Appointment. From To Remarks. Can a da — continued. Loans —continued. Capt. H. Kemmis-Betty .. R. Can. Regt. Gen. Staff, 3rd Grade, England Major C. Phillipps .. R.A. .. Instr. R. School Artill., Canada Capt. W. J. P. Rodd .. A.O.D. .. Insp. Ord. Machinery Lieut.-Col. J. H. V. Crowe, R.A. .. Comdt. R.M.C., Canada .. p.s.c. Capt. R. C. Hammond . . R.E. .. Prof. R.M.C., Canada Major G. Paley, p.s.c. .. Rifle Brigade Dir. Oper. and Staff Duties, Canada Capt. W. Robertson, p.s.c. R.E. .. Prof. R.M.C., Canada Major T. W. Wood, p.s.c. .. „ .. ,, „ Capt. W. E. Kemble .. R.A. .. Employed with Forces, Canada Capt. A. P. Birchall .. R. Fus. .. Ditto Capt. F. S. Montague-Bates E.S. Regt. Capt. J. B. Walker .. R.A. .. „ Capt. R. S. Bunbury .. „ .. ,, Capt. A. J. Wolff " .. R.E. .. Prof. R.M.C., Canada Capt. F. R. Sedgwick . . R.A. .. ,, ,, Major-Gen. C. J. Mackenzie, .. C.G.S. and 1st Mil. Memb. C.B.. p.s.c. of Militia Council Major H. M. Elliot .. R.A. .. Ch. Instr. R. School Artill., Canada 10/1/09 3 0/11/10 28/5/09 Date 20/8/09 23/9/09 1/10/09 21/10/09 1/4/10 2/4/10 15/4/10 15/4/10 15/4/10 15/4/10 15/4/10 28/7/10 11/8/10 20/10/10 17/3/11 0/11/10 Date ) (War Office). General Staff, 1st Grade. General Staff, 2nd Grade. Ditto. Major-Gen. General Staff. >> Interchanges. Lieut.-Col. 0. B. S. F. Shore, Indian Army To Canada D.S.O., p.s.c. Lieut. W. H. P. Elkins .. R. Can. Artill. To India Capt. C. J. B. Hay, p.s.c. Indian Army To Canada Capt. A. F. C. Williams, „ „ .... D.S.O., p.s.c. Capt. E. K. Eaton .. R. Can. Regt. To India 1/1/08 3/3/09 4/4/08 1909 4/3/09 1911 6/8/10 Date 1/9/10 Replaced by Capt. Hay. Australia. Loans. Major - Gen. G. M. Kirk- ... Inspr. - Gen. Mil. Forces, patrick, p.s.c. Australia Lieut.-Col. C. W. Gwynn, R.E. .. Dir. Mil. Artill. (Mil. Col.), C.M.G., D.S.O., p.s.c. Australia Lieut.-Col. E. G. Sinclair- Yorks. Regt. Dir. of Drills, Musk., &c. Maclagan (Mil. Col.), Australia Capt. R. L. Waller .. R.E. .. Instr. Mil. Col., Australia .. 8/5/10 Date 20/1/11 20/1/11 i „ 20/1/11 I „ General Staff, 2nd Grade. Attachments. Major L. E. Tilney .. Aus. Infy. .. j For instruction in India .. Major M. T. Kirby .. Aus. F. Artill. Major F. H. Russel .. „ „ Capt. E. A. D. Brockman Aus. Infy. .. „ Major W. A. Coxen .. R. Aus. Artill. For instruction in England Capt. H. A. F. Wilkinson Aus. Infy. .. For instruction in India Capt. M. H. Cruikshank .. ,, .. ,, Capt. C. W. H. Coulter .. „ . . Capt. J. H. Bisdee, V.C. Aus. L.H. Lieut. B. A. N. Plant Lieut. E. F. D. Fethers .. Vic. Sco. Regt. Major R. St. J. Pearce .. Aus. F. Artill. „ Col. J. F. Flewell-Smith, Queensland In. „ V.D. Brigade Capt. E. C. Oldham .. Aus. Infy. Col. W. T. Bridges, C.M.G. R. Aus. ArtiE. j Commonwealth Rep. of Im. I G.S. in England 5/9/08 1909 1/9/08 1909 5/9/08 1909 7/9/08 1909 1/1/08 1910 18/10/09 1910 12/10/09 1910 27/9/10 27/9/10 27/9/10 27/9/10 9/10/09 1910 17/10/09 1910 14/10/09 1910 20/8/09 25/5/10 I Interchanges. Capt. H. G. Reid .. A.S.C. .. Employed with Forces, Australia Lieut. H. D. K. Macartney R. Aus. A. .. Attached for instruction, England Capt. F. A. Wilson, D.S.O R.A. .. Dir. Mil. Training, Australia Capt. C. B. B. White, p.s.c. R. Aus. A. .. G.S. 3rd Grade, War Office.. Capt. H. C. McWatters .. Indian Army To Australia Capt. J. C. O'Brien .. Aus. Forces .. To India Major J. K. Forsyth .. „ .. „ Major F. A. Maxwell, V.C, Indian Army To Australia D.S.O., p.s.c. Major 0. L. Gregory .. „ „ Capt. C. H. Brand .. Aus. Forces .. To India Capt. W. E. Manser .. R.E. .. To Australia Major J. H. Bruche .. Aus. Forces .. Attached for instruction in England 22/6/08 15/6/09 21/7/08 25/9/08 Date 24/10/08 3/9/09 27/10/08 14/9/09 4/3/10 12/10/10 Date 7/9/10 17/1/10 25/10/10 25/1/10 15/3/11 ] 15/6/09 Date 3 To Staff College. 22/1/10. ) I I Date 25/10/10 15/3/11

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APPENDIX (A)—continued. Table showing Officers of the Regular Forces who were employed in the Oversea Dominions in January, 1909, &c.-continued

Bank and Name. Corps. Appointment. From Tol Remarks. Nbw Zealand. Loans. Capt. E. ff. W. Lascelles 3rd D.G. .. Install. Staff, New Zealand 50/5/07 14/11/10 General Staff, 3rd Grade. Lieut. C. Nelson .. 15th Hussars „ „ Major H. D. Tuson, p.s.c. ; Manch. Regt. Adj. and Q.M.G., New Zealand Major H. F. Head ■ .. R.A. . . Dir. Ord. and Commandt. Permanent Force Major-Gen. A. J. Godley, .. Commandt. Defence Forces, C.B., p.s.c. New Zealand Capt. D. C. Spencer-Smith • R.A. . . Staff Officer to Commandt. Forces, New Zealand Major G. N. Johnston .. „ .. Dir. Ord. and Commandt. of Permanent Artillery Capt. H. O. Knox . . j A.S.C. .. To organize N.Z. A.S.C. .. Capt. A. W. MacArthur- 16th Lancers For employment with Forces, Onslow New Zealand Capt. G. C. Hamilton .. Gren. Gds. . . Ditto Capt. W. H. G. Burnett- R. Fus. Hitchcock Capt. A. Moore, D.S.C. .. R. Dub. Fus. Capt. W. G. Braithwaite, R. Welsh Fus. For G.S. 3rd Grade in disD.S.O., p.s.c. tricts New Zealand Capt. W. R. Pinwill, p.s.c. j Liverpl. Regt. Ditto Capt. Cochran, J. K., p.s.c. Leinster Regt. ,, (One officer to be nomi- .. ,, nated) 5/8/07 27/7/07 3/4/08 7/10/10 19/10/10 4/5/11 13/4/H 31/1/09 26/7/10 —/4/11 Date 1 J-Under orders. Attachments. 16/10/10 Date 1 orders. Br. -Gen. R. H. Da vies, C.B. N.Z. Forces .. Commanding 6th Infantry Brigade, England Lieut. - Col. F. W. Abbott, i ,, .. For instruction in England D.S.O. Capt. J. S. Seddon .. „ .. „ Interchanges. 14/10/10! Date 14/10/10, Date 16/7/09 19/1/11 16/7/09; 19/1/11 16/7/09 1 19/1/11 16/7/09 19/1/11 Under orders ! 19/1/11 '. 19/1/11 ! 19/1/11 j Interchange s p ocially arranged for, i.e., 4 officers of subaltern rank to be sent to England , annually for ' an aggregate period of 4 years, vice 2 Staff officers sent to New Zealand for the same period. Lieut. - Col. E. S. Heard, North Fus. .. Dir. Mil. Trng. and Staff p.s.c. Duties, New Zealand Lieut.-Col. J. T. Burnett- Rifle Brigade Dir. Mil. Oper. and Intell., Stuart, D.S.O., p.s.c. New Zealand Lieut. S. A. Grant .. N.Z. Forces .. Attached for instruction in in England Lieut. J. H. Whyte .. „ .. Ditto Lieut. J. E. Barton ' „ .. „ .. .. .. j Lieut. W. L. Robinson .. „ .. ,, .. .. Lieut. I. T. Standish .. R.N.Z. Artill. To be attached for instruction in England Lieut. W. M. McG. Turn- N.Z. Forces . . Ditto bull Lieut. Burn .. .. N.Z. St. Corps ,, .. .. Lieut. Garland .. .. ,, ,, .. South Africa. Loans. 15/2/03 Date 14/1/05 6/8/06 27/7/06 13/10/06 12/10/09 23/2/07 Date Hon. Capt. M. C. Rowland R. Dub. Fus. Staff Officer Trans. Vol. .. Capt. J. C. Hanna .. R.A. . . Adj. Cape Garr. Artill. Capt. R. W. White .. „ . . Adj. Trans. Horse Artill. .. Capt. C. G. Wickham, Norfolk Regt. Adj. Imp. Light Horse, D.S.O. Trans. Capt. F. S. Irvine .. R.A.M.C. .. Adj. M.S.C. Trans. Vol. .. Lieut.-Col. L. J. Shadwell, . . Staff Officer, a Volunteers, p.s.c. Cape of Good Hope

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APPENDIX (B). Statement showing Officers belonging to the Forces of the Oversea Dominions who are or have been at the Staff Colleges. Course 1903-1904 (Camberley) — Major D. I. V. Baton (Canada). Course 1905-1906 (Camberley)— Lieutenant-Colonel H. E. Burstall j,p _, , Major A. H. Macdonnell, D.S.O. }( banaaa JCourse 1906-1907 (Camberley)— Captain C. B. B. White (Australia). Course 1907-1908 (Camberley) — Lieutenant-Colonel E. W. C. Cliaytor (New Zealand). Major P. E. Thacker ),„ , > Captain H. Kemmis-BettyP '" Course 1909-1910 (Camberley)— Major W. B. Anderson (Canada). Major W. E. C. Tanner (Natal) Captain G. R. Richards}^ Course 1910-1911— At Camberley—Lieutenant H. D. K. Macartney (Australia). At Quetta —Lieutenant E. F. Harrison (Australia). Course 1911-1912 (Camberley) — Lieutenant-Colonel A. Bauchop, C.M.G. (New Zealand). Major J. H. Elmsley (Canada). Captain E. H. Reynolds (Australia). For the next course (1912-1913), several applications for admission have already been received, and it is to be apprehended that the number of admissions may be limited by want of accommodation at the Colleges rather than by any dearth of qualified candidates.

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Approximate Cott of Paper. — Preparation, not given ; printing (1,200 copies, including map), £15.

By Authority: John Mackay, Government Printer. Wellington.— 1912. Price 9d.]

APPENDIX (C). Statistics of Officers examined, 1905-10, inclusive.

British Regular Army. Canadian Permanent Forces. Australian Permanent Forces. Subject. Rank. Number Number examined. failed. Percentage of Failures. Rank. Number examined. Number failed. Percentage of Failures. Rank. j Number examined, j Number failed. Percentage of Failures. D (1)Military engineering, tactics, mapreading, field sketching, and reconnaissance Captains Lieutenants.. 2,017 3,470 191 310 946 8-93 Captains Lieutenants.. 64 99 21 12 32-81 12-12 Captains Lieutenants.. 10* 16f 3 1 30-00 6-25 D(ii)Military law.. Captains Lieutenants. . 2,072 3,551 35 130 1-20 3-66 Captains Lieutenants. . 66 98 9 7 13-63 7-14 Captains Lieutenants.. 10 14 1 i 10-00 D (iii)Organization, administration, and equipment Captains Lieutenants.. 1.801 3 ; 150 44 198 244 6-28 Captains Lieutenants.. 47 88 5 4 10-63 4-54 Captains Lieutenants.. , D (iv)Military history Captains Lieutenants.. 1,933 3,525 94 426 4-86 12-08 Captains Lieutenants.. 52 98 5 8 9-61 8-16 Captains Lieutenants.. 8 11 2 25-00 * December, 1909. f May to Di icember, 1910.