THE COW AND SCIENCE.

Waikato Times, Volume 110, Issue 18521, 29 December 1931, Page 9

THE COW AND SCIENCE.

RESEARCH WORK RESULTS. FUTURE NEEDS IN NEW ZEALAND. (From a Correspondent.) LONDON, November 20. How is milk made? 'l' ll * r iS M dcnco > the unsolved mysteries of 5 ■ . according to Sir William Dan F.R.S., who reviews m lhe U Marketing Board’s latest IC P • extent and objects ol’ dairy \ ) Scientists have still to discove how cows turn the raw we into the finished product ot which make such good use. . This report will be of est to New Zealand, for it a“ . question, “What is dairy • and gives a complete picture of the many types of scientific lnquh. are necessary to procure It packet of butter, or to P rodU( i e . cheaper. Dairy research °°'® rs d *_ multitude of sciences, from the b ing of better pastures to proMde food for the cow, to the stud or th . changes which occur in m } ’ comes into contact metals. All fields °f J J reviewed in the report and suS=cs_ lions are made as to the mo» >mt problems of the future. Needs of the Future. Sir William Dampier, a ')' ell ; kn^. a scientist, who is secretary of the Ab cultural Research Council ol Bi Um. slates that future research is m urgently needed in the following 116 Improvement of pastures by plantbreeding, and by better management e.g,, frequent cutting and intensive ® r The®effect' of differences in rationing on the composition of mi k. The inheritance of high milk-Meld lnS Tl?B U p“Sofey i rt'mllk secretion. The innoculalion or cattle against tuberculosis. in The survival of disease geims m dried and condensed nulic The ripening of cheeses and the ' effect of storage conditions on butt and cheese. Economics of the mdustiy. One oi the suggestions made in the report is that the New Zealand system of payment for milk on the basis a butter-fat content, instead ol puit .. bv volume, should he adopted in Lm United Kingdom. It is also suggeslc that the New- Zealand test for adultuation—which is based on the reezm a point of milk—-may bo fairer than l a British lest (which is based on at an total solids percentages), and that an inciuiry into the pros and cons o Stins the New Zealand method should be made by British expetts. Cheeso Rlponlng. Another recommendation is that cold storage plant should be installed at the National Institute for Research in Dairying at Reading, so that con..dilions of transport and storage of New Zealand ami other Empire butte, and cheese could be exactly studied. ‘ The Dairy Institute has recently cooperated with the Research Institute at Palmerston North, New Zealand, in a study of the ripening of cheese, and in particular of the changes which occur in cheeses during the voyage to London. Science has already aohleved rosults which are of dirtvet Interest to New Zealand. In .the field of nutrition, for ln9tanoe, the mo6t recent advance Is the discovery that young, fresh grass has a high protein content which makes It comparable with expensive concentrates t»uoh as linseed cake. / “Young grass is specially efficacious n increasing the yield of milk," Sir William Dampier says. “It Is now, or soon will be, available In the form of ensilage or dried cake, and more experiments on its influence on the quantity and quality of milk should he made as quickly as possible. It is of great importance to the overseas Dominions as well as to Great Britain." The discovery that natural pastures often fail to supply sufficient minerals to keep grazing animals in sound health is already well known in New Zealand. The work now going on at the Cawtliron Institute (assisted oy an Empire Marketing Board grant) is part of an Empire-wide investigation of the problem which lias its counterpart in Australia, South Africa, Kenya, the Falkland Islands and Scotland. Two Dlseasa Vlctorlos, Science is gradually triumphing over disease, the most deadly enemy of the stock farmer. The report records two big advances. One Is the working out at Cambridge of "8.C.C." vaccine, which protects cattle from the scourge of tuberculosis. Very promising, results are being obtained, although tlie vaccine Is not yet a commercial possibility. The other Is the discovery of a method of diagnosing of Johnne’s disease, ono of the most costly complaints of dairy cattle. By using this test the disease can bo detected in its early stages and the infected animal can be separated from tho herd and fattened. Many problems, of course, remain to be solved. For instance, Sir William Dampier directs attention to the question whether pasteurising milk destroys any of the vitamins. Preliminary work at Reading indicates that tills may be so. Another problem needing research is the all-impor-tant question of the breeding of highyielding cows —the very basis of suc- ' ccssl'ul dairying, in order to. get results in a few years instead of having (o wait for generations, Mr John Ham- | nioml. at Cambridge, is studying the I inheritance of milk in rabbits, lie lias ! found that a strain of high-yielding j animals can be obtained by crossing a high-yielding female with her son, and continuing this Cor several generations. PIN YOUR FAITH TO “BAXTER’S.” Baxter's Lung Preserver is a perfe.*j remedy for children as well as grownups. Aimth-T advantage is ils palat ability. Children who can never lake “medicine" will actually ask for “Baxter's." Crossness, dullness, ami lack of appclilc in children I'requenlly imam j a touch of 'llu or a cold. Ilon't lies; - | late, give “Baxter's" at once, as pre- i scribed on the. label. Wise molliers will purchase the big i/C size. Also In 1 /(> and 2/0 bottles, at all chemists and stores (l >