GENERAL SUMMARY.

Wellington Independent, Volume XVII, Issue 1797, 27 November 1862, Page 4

GENERAL SUMMARY.

[Prom the Home News, September 26.] It must be remembered that after many months of careful training, the army of the Potomac— the finest the Noith bad ever sent into the field— went forth under the command of a picked genera], who, with princes of the blood royal of France on his staff was designated by his enthusiastic countrymen, the Young Napoleon. That army made a successful descent upon the Southern coast, and inarched into the bowels of the peninsula without impediment. It sat down before Richmond. It was to take Richmondas acertainty. Months elapsed, and instead of taking Richmond, it was signally worsted in successive flying engagements, and ultimately obliged to make a sudden retreat. The utmost glory the army of the Potomac achieved was the glory of effecting its escape, or rather the escape of a small remnant of its original strength from the territory it had set out to conquer. Then it must also be borne in mind that General Pope occupied the Valley of the Shenandoab, where he issued proclamations of the most exulting character. From that secure position he was to descend in force upon Richmond ; but before he could attempt to put the grand design imo execution, he was himself, like M'Clellan, compelled to evacuate his encampment, and take up new ground. We next find him placed between Warrenton and Manassas, endeavoring to keep open bis communications with Washington, which was as much as be could do, through Centreville, Fairfax and Alexandria. The main body of the Confederate army, under the command of General Lee, took the ground between War renton and Bappabannock, while a division under Longstreet, pushed on in the direction of Leesburg. If we add that the reserve of the federal army under the command of M'Clellan, occupied Alexandria while Buruside's division was waiting for the chances of the field at Fredericksbuig, we shall have before us the whole scene and disposition of the sanguinary conflicts that ensued. It seems that Pope made a blunder at starting, having mistaken Jackson's position, and instead of cutting off Jackson's division from the maiD body of the army, as he hoped to do, he brought the whole of his own army into jeopardy. There was some skirmishing between the outposts on the evening of the 28th August ; and the dawn of the following morning discovered the two armies drawn up in battle a » a y "* front of each other, the right wing of the Confederates resting on the Warrenton road, and their left extending across Bull Run Creek, with the Federal army exactly opposite. The beat of the fight on the first day fell upon oigel, who commanded the centre of the Federal armj. The iesult was to turn the front of both armies, the Federals claimed the advantage, if so, they lost it next day. Sigel's division suffered much ; Porter's was placed in the centre, and Sigel lay in reserve. The Confederates kept the Federals skirmishing until the Confederate Commander, Lee, could bring up reinforcements. The Confederates opened a terrific fire at 5 o'clock, which was borne with great bra?ery for some time; before nightfall the whole Federal army retreated. The Confederates, following up the pursuit attacked the divisions in rear of the Federal army, killed two generals, and finally bunted the whole army of Virginia into the earthworks of Washington.

It will be a strange spectacle—this trial of Garibaldi. The judges and the accused all professing the same political creed, all publicly avowing the same object, and differing only in the mode of seeking its attainment. But it Will serve Garibaldi's end better than he could have served it himself in the field. It will be the solution of the Roman question. Italy oa " no L| ? il there in judgment on Garibaldi, and suffer France to hold Home any longer under aoy pretence whatever; nor can France, with this spectacle before her, set up any more excuses for delay. She must either relinquish ■Borne to Italy, or piecipitate a convulsion that will reader the intervention of European Powers imperative.

It is said that the King was for an amnesty ; but he was overruled. The military men conSidered it due to the army to bring Garibaldi to trial but there are nevertheless people who still think that the marriage of the young Princess to the King of Portugal will be* seized upon as a fatting occasion for an act of grace of which all Europe will approve. The people of Italy appear to be stunned by the disaster that has befallen their hero Ihere have been many petty outbreaks in sundry places, but they have been all easily quelled. Hotting approaching to a combined or serious movement has taken place anywhere.

A Ministerial crisis has happened, or is happening in Prussia. The King aud bis Ministers— standing on divine right— are at war wuh the Parliament ; and it is not improbable that the old and easy way of cutting the Gordian knot will be eventually resorted to by the most constitutional of kings. The story ot this crisis lies in a nutshell. The Government introduced in 1860 a modification of the military law of the kingdom, the ultimate effect of which would have been to augment the stauding army in time of peace by about 50,000 men. Ihe Parliament backed by the universal £s°*. . the c ° u ,V* r y. fought there was no necessity tor saddling the expenditure with an increased military outlay, aud in the most ionnal manner known to thecenstitution refused to grant the extra supplies demanded. The Upshot Of this "mighty p.etty quairel" is an actual, or a menaced change in the ministry. M. von der Heydt, the Minister of Finance, retires on the conscientious plea that he will not Spend money which the Chamber refuses t«. Minister of Finance. The report is that the Whole Cabinet is broken up ; and some people have gone so far as to reconstruct a new one. We must vvau however for more authentic information before we accept these statements. There is no doubt, however, that the King is determined and that he holds the Chamber at defiance.

iw? er i^ BJeSt f. acc< W» ie <l by the Princesses, by Earl Russell, and a limited suite, arrived at Antweip on the 2nd of September, and proceeded at once to the king's country palace at Laeken, where she remained in privacy the whole of the followiug day. Her Majesty left Brussels, as privately as the State tram on the railway would permit, on the 4th September; reached her destination at -Kbeinbaratsbrunn early on the following morn ID Ax7? heha f s ' De e been joined by the Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred.

The death of the Archbishop of Canterbury took p ace on the morning of the 6th Sept., at his palace of Addington. Severe illness in capacitated him for duty during the last year, and latterly be was much reduced in strength by a series of epileptic fits or spasms. Dr. Sumner was the eldest son of the vicar of Kenilworth, and was born in 1780.

Mr. Wm. Roupell, late M.P. for Lambeth, has been sentenced to Penal servitude for life SmS?!!?' OQ I* °r admißsi °». forged a wil of his father, and a deed, by which be obtained of bis father's property, and afterwards mortgaged abd sold the same. By this means the property reverts to his foroily, but wwww thereof, each sustaining a ball loss,