NELSON.

Wellington Independent, Volume VI, Issue 535, 27 November 1850, Page 3

NELSON.

(To the Editor of the Nelson Examiner.)

Sir,—lt is not my intention to answer 1 the strictures upon my conduct for the last seven years, which you have extracted from the IVelitn/jlon. Independent. I believe I could show that their author has misrepresented my actions, hns falsified my ypinions, and put into mv mouth, words which 1 never uttered, and sentiments which I repudiate and disavow; but even were the subject one of any public interest, we should not meet on equal terms, As long an lam willing to accept the full responsibility of all 1 write, whilst my antagonist, •? shooting' privily" at me from his anonymous covert j fancies he can escape from the moral | discredit attaching to those who deal in I assertion without proof, in misquotation of words and in perversion of facts—so long must I decline a contest with weapons which I am unaccustomed and unable to wield—" Usum -non- habeo." For the mere refutation of this week will not guarantee me against an attack equally baseless in the next; urged in the hope that some random arrow may at last find out the weak point in my harness, and wound me to the death. Instead of courting, I confess I rather shrink from such a continue! personal inquisition. Not many, perhaps, could stand the ordeal; or, if such there be, I am not one of them. We have all need of forbearance and a charitable construction of our deeds and motives; few, in my opinion, more so than the reputed author of the attacks in question. Par from being backed by public opinion in 1 the course he is pursuing, I believe he stands alone; and that his eudeavours to evade a charge which applies to him only, or to blow into a flame the dead ashes of forgotten strife, will be equally futile and unavailing. He wishes to be unknown; he shall be unnoticed also. — Henceforth he may, unquestioned, fiijjfow the natural bent of his dispositioiy'feill " Do good by stealth, and blush to find it secure from censure, and safe from ob-1 servation or reply. In taking leave, of, him, I would however following quotation to his careful stud) and meditation—

" Whatever must be misrepresented in order to be ridiculed, is in fact not ridiculed; but tbe thing substituted for it. It is a satire on something else, coupled with a lie on the part of the satirist; who knowing, or having the means of knowing the truth, chooses to call one thing by .the name of another." I am, sir, yours, &c, J. D. Greenwood.

[From the Nelson Examiner, Nov. 9.]

Our readers, like ourselves, have we are sure perused with some interest and much curiosity the letters of Messrs Greenwood and Monro, in defence of the parts they acted in aiding and abetting the setting up of the late Nominee Council at Wellington. ]V:omineeism has now spoken. Though slow to enter the arena of public discussion, it has at length been'drawn forth; and tke gentle-! tnei) we have named owo a large debt of gratitude to Mr. Godley for furnishing; them with so fair a pretence for delivering themselves of that " generation of still-breeding thoughts" which must so long have weighed heavily on their minds. This accouchement having now taken place, to the full satisfaction we hope of the parties most interested, all are at liberty to criticise the offspring..; and as we trust little more is likely to be heard of the deformed rieketty bantling, Nomineeism, we propose to bestow upon it a few words.

The very able reply of Mr. Godley to Dr. Mouro, leaves however very little to be said on the main question. The heavy, straight-forward, sledge-like blows which Mr. Godley dealt out, have so totally annihilated the cobweb meshes with which Dr, Monro sought to cover himself, that it seems a work almost of supererogation to bestow a word upon the subject, and we shall therefore take less regard of the broad principle,, which, we think has been so. well disposed, of, than of certain insinuations; and jassertions, which these champions I, of Noniinceism. have indulged in, ... , j.

Dr. Monro's reph to Mr. Go'Jloy's re- ■ marks we shall therefore pass o\m; lea* , - ,- ing to Mr. (r-ulley himseli', slmuld by think it worthy qfiiQiicc, [hi task oj' dealing with it in his osm masterly manner, \Ye should bu sorry to tnliejpttte, in our feeble vy.iy, whut'w; , tfx.icot will put a clmchqr to the while question. Bui Dr. .\Jouro, iii ilia lAtlu-i l«iig lotto: , of last n-pck, coilsunth loses sight of the points at issuo, uii-l «j h chnractcri--: tic idi'jsynciMcy, f'avom.s tlio y/jrld witli Ilis opinions on totally ibrtiigii subjects. I Crotchet the fii\->t, :i-> bo expected, shows that the >ieft-Zealand. Company h, the root of all evil, and we only wonder tl|at our correspondent does not, to it.f;; other Iμ}- to its charge* original sin. Nothing, certainly, ' • ever gone wrong in the oojonj>butit;iH laid by him at the doors of the Coflipjiny. Dr. Monro is; the Grower of c tloijists ,iuevery thing that relates to the New Zaiii land Company, and if ha could only find, a Dick Doleful to hear him company,.s<) that they might open their hearts to on« another, they wonl({ no doubt find a great pleasure in being miserable in company. This disposition of Dr.' 3\lonro to make the Nevy 7<ealaiid Company th.c universal scapegoat, rewinds; us of a couplet by. the authors of the ?' Rejected Addresses , ' Napoleon was the comn|on scarecrow at the firesides of old England ; — " Who made tJje qijartern Loaves ami Luddites rie*

Who fills the b:itoli£ra] shops \yjtli lwge blue Hies*3

We fancy the:: gravity."of our -readers must have given way, on hearing Dr. Monro say, in order we suppose to " grace his tale with decent horror," that the Agents of the Company are the chief depositories of political power in the colony, and that these gentlemen exercise such a control over the fortunes and position of a large number of colonists, that political independence is next to an impossibility !

To attempt seriously to refute sncl', palpable nonsense as this, would be to commit an equal absurdity. Sα '"-Selfgovernment would be a farce," because, forsooth, the landpurchasers hrfve no. legal titles from the New Zealan 1 Company. We, who have lived, as long in the colony as Dr. Monro, never yet mado the discovery of that system of vassalage to the Agent of the Company which this, gentleman so positively assures us exists ; and in order to maintain theimehes in the exercise of the ,f monstrous, unconstitutional, and irresponsible powers' l they now wield, jt is insinuated the Company have hitherto withheld, and coii? tinue to withhold,, the titles. What an. undutiful and wilful servant must tin*. Principal Agent be, who, from the moment he set foot in the colony, has been one of the foremost in demanding free institutions for the colonists, and wh-'». did, what few mgn would do, throw 11) the highest legaTappoiiUment in the gjft of the Governor, because his Excellency had played fast and ioose on this very question. Dr. Monro 'is a large landpurchaser, and raajP feel himself very depeudenton the nods"of Mr.' Fox and Mr. Bell, and that hef; owes his property and .position to thejr will/and pleasure." But if this iye':ltru<£_m'respect of the small body of original "lancWurcliasers, which however it is not, we assure hifli it is not subscribed to by the''Viiudi*iiapre numerous body of non-purch.sers; and nonoriginal purchasers, do "not 'feel themselves partakers in any such humili-" ating position ; and, were an election of Members of Council to take place tor morrow, though not a title has yet been issued, nine-tenths, or nineteen-twen-tieths, of the settlers of Nelson would/ no more regard the agent of the Company, otherwise than for his worth as a, man, than Lhey would Dr. Monro himself.

There are two or three other points also in Mr. Greenwood's letters which should benotieod. No less than three orfourtimes does this gontleman tell us when striving to show how useful Nominees might have become, that the powers possessed by them were identical with those to ,be given to future Representative Councils. Now, seeing that the powers to be given to future Representative Councils is ; .a question which will have yet to be by Parliament, Mr. Greenwood must'be endowed with that "Mesmeric second- , sight or clairvoyance," spoken of last week by his " brother and partner in glorious toil," to be able to see. so clearly, into futurity. If he really possesses this extraordinary gift, of which such strange exhibitions have lately been made at home, we should like to consult him on the arrival of the next English vessel, • now long overdue, the ultimate fate of. our Trust Funds, and several other ques-* - tions deeply affecting the interests of the > settlement- Another reason given by . Mr. Greenwood (or consenting to becon)o a Noniiueo, was from a reluctance to ■ force the Governor to act in..?' direct con- . tradietiou. to his own deliberate and j strongly expressed convictions." This-., tenderness was very commendable, only .. we.should be disposed to regard it niorn . highly, if Aye did not know thaf, Sir Georgo Grey's " deliberate convictions," always , keep wait upon his inclinations. \Y.hy it; Sir George's '' deliberate and strongs. ly, expressed conviction" just-preuously. i(jwhen it suited his purposo Xos&y co),

: -this all round. Such is the theory:-it' is ; u''jnfirmed,"we perceive, by Parn'umentary practice. The Australian Government Bill was supported by men on all sides, .' for all reasons—each having pinned his faith upon it when it was at the meridian of its merits to his parallel. Henceforward Government will cultivate this art of recruitment by perfecting the practice. If you" want to bring in a bill for any pur-

pose—say to abolish the Papacy in Stoke Pogis— your plan would be in the first instance to introduce a bill for the op-

posite purpose—for endowing the Papacy iii Stoke Pogis with gifts and privileges; and then you would gradually briug it round to the opposite: by such means you will get the Housa to be unanimous. — Spectator. **i

The Lord Mayor of York and the •«hief magistrates of other boroughs had -assembled, by previous arrangement, at 'the Midland Hotel, Derby, to consider •tlib propriety of inviting the Lord Mayor of London to a grand banquet. A correspondence had taken place between the Ijord Mayor of York and the other chief magistrates of provincial towns and cities

Trom'most of whom he had received

answers highly approving of the course recommended. There wero present at (tho Midland Hotel Meeting, the Lord Mayor of York, who occupied the chair, the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, and the Mayors of Birmingham, Bath, Bradford, Coventry, Derby, Leeds, ieicester, Lichfield, Nottingham, Newark, Newcastle-uuder-Lyhe, Newport, Isle of Wight, Stafford, Tatnworth, and WakeCeld. It ■was decided to invite the Lord Mayor to a banquet to be.held at York, but the ■day could not be fixed. It was decided -trt invite Prince Albert, her Majesty's Ministers, the royal commissioners and -executive committee of the Exhibition of 1851. The Lord Mayor of York, and the Mayors of Bradford, Halifax, Hull, Leeds, Manchester, and Wukelield, were 'appointed a committee to carry out the ■arrangements.

Tho proposed banquet of tbe Mayors of England to the Lord Mayor of London had been fixed for the first week of Aα- ■ gust, and is to come off at York. Prince Albert is to be present on the occasion. : A Denmark Ceue.moni.vl: Unity in Life an!d Death.—A letter for Faaborg Denmark, says,' "A touching and rare .ceremony took place lately in the Church of St. Paul, in onr town. The pastor of this parish renewed the*nuptial benediction of tlib Lafolio couple on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of their union, This solemeity at which Avero present forty seven, descendants of Monsieur and "Madame Lafolio, is called with us the diamond marriage. In Denmark, as in the 25th anniversary of a .marriage is called the silver marriage. -By a singular coincidence the Lafolio couple, who have been so long united; in .this earth, were only separated by death a few hours. Both died on Friday morning last, and were yesterday buried M. Lafolio was ninety-two iyears of agej his wife ninety three, They were the heads of a sugar-refinery at; jFaaborg." i

A frightful disaster had occurred on -Lake Erie on the 16th of June. Thei G. T. Griffiths, having on ,board 326; ,passengers, was burned to the water's .edge,, and it was believed that only 25 •escaped, all the rest having either perished in the flames or beeu drowned by their jumping overboard,—preferring a watery grave to death by fire- Amongst tho affepting incidents of this terrible occurrence, we are told " The poor emigrants were crowded forward, and literally pushed overboard by those retreating from the flames. Some had presence of mind enough to throw overboard their chests and swim upon them; but nearly all wore lost." About one hundred and forty bodies had been found. ; Amongst them were a man—no doubt a /ather— with his young child clasped in his arms, -and a family of five or six emigrants— riruan, woman, and children— •< with their ■iinas closely locked together, evidently jiaying left the boat and sunk in that condition." A mother, with four .daughters, just; .arrived from England, (their vpame npt known, but the head of the "family being said to live in Cleveland, within 20 miles of which the catastrophe .took place), were amongst the lost. The *bpat was ." literally covered with the •bodies of the burned."

New York arid the Eastern States had been visited by a dreadful " Tornado and Thunder Strom" on the 25th of June. Trees had been uprooted, houses levelled, vessels in ,the harbour of New York dismasted and thrown down, and destruction effected which, in the city of Walpole alone,.was' estimated at 100,000 dollars.

Scotch DiuyxsENNESs.—ln 1841, the -population of Scotland, 2,620,184 persons", consumed 5,595,185 gallons of spirits, while the persons of the En--glish population consumed only one-ttiird "more, viz., ' 7,256,044 gallons"; and the ■8,175,124 of Irish people consumed less than the two and n, half millions of Scotch people, viz., 5,200,6.30 gallons. In Edinburgh, in ' 1846, there were 986 houses licensed for the sale of spirits; that is, of every thirty-one houses in Edinburgh, one is'u spirit shop, and 434 of these are open on Snndays for the sale of spirits. In religious Edinburgh, it was stated by

one of the magistrates in the town council/the sum spetit in Sunday drinking in the course of the year, amounts to £112, 840, or about £2,170 is spent on each of the fifty-two Sabbaths of the year in driuking whisky or other spirits. Well done, religious Edinburgh! Petition, by all means, against the desecration of the Sabbath day in England by railway travelling, and post-office work, for it is, unquestionably, a great social, moral, and religious evil—but pluck the beam out of your own eye ! £2,170 sterling spent in Sabbath-day whisky drinking, is the measure—the guager's test—of the moral, sanitary, and religious condition of Ediu • burgh, every Sabbath in the yearf And, in proportion to population, every town in Scotland is a facsimile of Edinburgh ! The social well-being produced by this improvement of driving the population from the land into the towns, appears spmewhut doubtful in the face of sue!) statistical facts ! It appears to be an improvement of the wealth of the fW, at the cost of the well-being, tuonils, aud health.of tho many. — Laim/s Observations on Europe.

Depths of thk Opk.v Skas.—Withregard to the depths of the open seas,. they are still but little kiiuowu; we have, however, a few in the Atlantic Ocenn. Captain (J. If. Davis, U.S.N., sunk the lead 7,800 feet in the neighbourhood of the coasts of the United States, and about 250 miles south of Nantucket. It is the greatest that has ever been reached in the middle latitudes of the Atlantic; Captains Scoresby and Puny have found the bed of the Polar seas very deep, but variable. Scorosby did not "touch the bottom, dt 76 degrees north latitude,.with a sounding line 7,200 feel in length. Captain Ross has exceeded 6,000 feet in Baffin's Bay. But the most-astonishing depths that have been ascertained are found in the South Atlantic. Captain Jnmes Ross found 16,000 feet west of the Cape of Good Hope, and he has sounded with the. plummet 27,600 feet, without touching bottom, west of St. Helena. The first of these measures is equal to the height of Mount Blanc; the second, to that of Dhavalagiri. Thus the greatest known sea depth, added to the elevation of the .highest mountain of the globe, gives about 55,600 feet for the thickness of the layer of our globe, upon which our investigations have given some information. Dr. Young, relying upon the deductions drawn chiefly from the theory of .the tides, thought himself justified iv assigning about 15,000 to the Atlantic, and about,2o,ooo feet to the Pacific. D'Aubuisson believes them not to exceed from 9,000 to 12,000 feet.— Guyot's Earth and J\lait.

Postal Arrangements on Sunday. —The closing of the Post Office on Sunday will occasion great loss and- much .annoyance to newsyenders in the country. In order to meet the emergency, Mr. HTeywpod, of Manchester, is about ,to adopt a somewhat novel expedient. He anuounoes, in the Manchester Guardian of Saturday; that he.is.prepared, "with a staff of boys, equal in number to the men employed by the Post Office, to deliver, before ten o'clock pu every future Sunday morning, the whole of the orders the public, in any part of the borough, may require. This staff I shall cause to wear a particular badge, that the public may know them, in the expectation that every facility will be given to them in the delivery of .their orders."

A Dumfries paper mentions that Mr. Thomson, of Gatehouse, has a pet blackbird, which regularly leaves his house for the neighbouring woods and fields, where it pours forth its song, and as regularly returns at mealtimes, when it feeds from the dishes pn the table, and at night, when it roosts on the kitchen chimney piece.

At Rennison's baths, Bristol, a few days ago, a celebrated diver jumped from an elevation of eighty feet with a pair of boots in. his hands, which, before rising to the surface ,of the watar, he had pulled on to his feet. , "

On Saturday week, £400,000 on account of the Russian k»an was shipped from Lcudon for St. Petersburgh, by Messrs. Baring, Brothers. Four com-, pames insured £40,000 each, and one eminent East India merchant took a line for £ 100,000, at 7s. 6d. prem., tho largest amount erer known to have been taken in one line by a single individual.

The French journals, recording a recent fire, state that'! one man saved his house by sacrificing thirty pipes of wine, which he used instead of water in guishing the fire."

At Suffolk, England, on the oth June, at Mildenhall, Bendigo and Paddock had a prize fight for the Champiouship of England. Bendigo was declarpd winner, after fighting forty-nine rounds in fiftynine minutes. Divorce Bills.—The present week has presented us with the first instance of a wronged husband coming before the Lords for a divorce in forma pauperis. The impossibility of obtaining a divorce, excepting by those able to pay heavily for it, has hitherto been one of the most flagrant instances of the differences in this country between the poor and the rich. Granting the principle of a divorce —if any priuciple ought to be thrown open to all classes, it was this especial

one. Affecting, the homes and. hearths of the people, connected with. the. future comfort, and the domestic happiness,of all those within its influence, to confine a purely hon.e principle to one-class was a gross injustice. And yet, under the present regulations, we cannotexpect the.poor, or humble will often obtain the relief to which they are entitled. The liords, for many reasons, cannot be always attending to suitors in forma pauperis. Why use in all cases so cumbrous-and expensive a machinery ? The case .is one of pure fact, to be established-like that of a larceny or a forgery. It Js always, previously sifted by judge and jury. After this stringent ordeal, why make the subsequent proceedings so costly and cumbrous ? We grant that considerable difficulty ought to be thrown in the way of a divorce, and we would require a certificate from the judge who tried the case, ofno ordinary strength. But the, difficulties should not be of the kind .which now exists, nor such as press exclusively on the less favoured class.— Atlas. j;

LvTKRVIKW CF Dβ. TcnVN'SKND WITH the Poi'E.—ln a letter, dated?; Rome, .May 2, wo find the following extraordinary statement:—" One of the most, interesting occurrences of last .week" was the interview of the Rev. Dr. Tow&send, Canon of Durham, with the Pope}; The rev. doctor's object was to endeavour to induce his Holiness to do away with the bickerings, animosities, and polemical discords which keep the various denominations of Christians separate and at enmity, and calling a general council, to establish the basis of an universal creed It was certainly a bold attempt for a Protestant clergyman to convert the Pope himself, but the doctor was resolved to beard the. lion in his den, and on Friday last ho went to the encounter in fuil.dress canonicals. After having knelt to kiss the Pope's hand, Dr. Townsend invited by his Holiness to take a chair, and an animated conversation commenced in Latin, a fit lauguage for controversy, and one in which the disputants might be presumed to be a match for each other.; The Pope was upon the whole very tolerant' as may be imagined from his having not only listened with calmness to Dr. Townsend's arguments in favour of releasing the Catholic clergy from their vows of celibacy, but also assured him that he eutertained serious ideas of adopting such a plan in the early part of his reigu, especially after having received pressing letters upon the subject, from Germany, but that, in the present state ofltaiy, and indeed of the whole Continent, any innovation on his part would be dangerous, even if he had the power to act freely, which he had not/being by no means the free agent that he was on his first accession to the throne. The same objection would prevent him from calling a general council, or attempting to unite the great and divided family of Christians, although he fully admitted the grandeur of the scheme, protested his.own desire for peace and harmony, and wept at Dr. Townsend's enthusiastic picture of England recognising in Pio Nono the head of a ; uuiversal church. After three-quarters of an hour's discussion the Rev. canon took his leave, placing in the hands of his Holiness a document containing the principal heads of his argument, which appears to. have made some impression on the Pontiffs mind, judging from the fact of his .having sent to the doctor's residence on Sunday last, only two days after the interview, requesting to be made acquainted with the period of Dr. Towusend's return (he had just gone to Naples),' as he should then like to have some more conversation with him."

Steam for the Andes.—We can imagine the expressions of indignation which would have burst from the lips of more than one of the old colonists had it been told to them in 1839 that, before steam made its appearance on the Majestic Murry the component parts of a steamer constructed in the United States would be carried; around Cape Horn, and afterwards across the Andes on the back .of mules. Such, an improbability has however been accomplish<?d. An iron steamboat has recently, been built by Mr. G. Birbeck, jun., of New ■wniclv from its destination, merits particular notice. The boat is 55 feet keel, 12 feet beam, and five: feet hold. She istobe propelled by two high-pressure engines of ten horse power each, connected at right angles. Water wheels ten feet diameter, and of wrought iron. The whole has been constructed and fitted together in New York, and each piece was remarked before being shipped. Np piece exceeds in weight 350 lbs., as on its arr rival at Lima/it has to be transported on the back of mules to its destination, Lake Titicaca, which is situate near the summit of the highest motintain in that country, and several miles above the level of the sea. As yet commerce must be in its infancy in that celebrated region;. but! the lake is 140 miles long and its coast well-timbered, and it is understood that much traffic would be the result of increased facilities. In case the iirst boat succeeds, a larger one is to -be sent.out immediately.— Southern Cross.

A Striking Re Lie—-Mr. E. B. Thompson, of this city, and.now a compositerin the office of thispaper, his possesj

sion a very interesting historical relic, a small embroidered cambric pocket-hand-kerchief, which was used by Charles I. upon the scaffold, and it is stained with his blood. It came originally from John Fenwicke, who was Major of Cavalry iv Cromwell's army, and in that capacity "was required to be present at the execution of the unhappy monarch. The relic passed from his family to that of Jacob Lyell, whose wife emigrated to New Jersey near the close of the 17th century, and was connected with the Fenwicke family. She gave it to her daughters, who kept it with the greatest care, and at their death it passed into another branch of the family, and has finally come into the possession of Mr. Thompson. Its authenticity seems to be clearly traced and proved beyond a doubt. The handkerchief is of small size, and:the figure of the Scotch thistle is embroidered around the edges. Upon one corner is a small figure of a crown. It is thickly studded with dark spots, some of which are as large as a dollar—the others smaller. The linen is considerably discolored by time. It seems to have been ironed but not washed.— N. Y. Courier.

On Monday, the celebrated charger belonging to Lord Gough, which bore his lordship throughout all the Indian campaigns, was being landed in the East India Docks, when the box broke from ihe slings and the animal was killed. Lord Gough, who highly prized the animal, had it conveyed from India at a great expense.

Munificent Legacy.—The secretary of the Northern Infirmary has received a communication from Messrs. Classon and Clark, W. 3., Edinburgh, informing him that the late Captain John Cheape, of Girgenti, Ayrshire, has left the whole residue of his estate and effects, after paying a few debts and legacies, to be divided in equal portions among the Infirmaries of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Dumfries, and Inverness. The share belonging to each Infirmary is expected to be about £2,000.

A Scotchman having hired himself to a farmer had a cheese set down before him, that he might help -himself. The master said to him, " Sandy, you take a long time to breakfast." "In troth, master," answered he, " a cheese o' this size is na sac soon eaten as ye may. think." The Rev. W.Maskell, Domestic Chaplain to the Bishop of Exeter, hath at last says the Western Times, " yielded to his solemn convictions, and, pronouncing the Church of England to be no Church whatever—hath cast off his allegiance to that institution, renounced her authority to confer orders of priesthood, and told his butler,' it is added, tnat he is no longer anything but a simple layman of the Holy Catholic Church, as at Rome now triumphing."

Extuaordinaky Outrage.—Between 9 and 10 o'clock on.Sunday morning, the Roman Catholic Church in Whitefriarsstreet, Dublin, belonging to the order of Carmelites, became the scene of great excitement in consequence of an outrage of a very extraordinary character. Two priests of the order, the Rev. Messrs. Colgan and Rorke, were celebrating the mass at two separate altars, wheu a young man rushed into the sanctuary beyond the railing armed with a huge stick, and commenced a most violent assult upon former, striking him about the head. He then ran at the Rev. Mr. Rorke, a man advanced in years, and assailed him in so desperate a manner, that blood flowed from wounds inflicted on the head. The congregation, at first paralyzed by the suddenness of the attack, vow rushed towards the altars, and some of the foremost among them seized the fellow in his attempt at flight. The Rev. Mr. Colgan, who had not suffered so seriously as Mr. Rorke, interposed, and it required the most strenu jus exertions on his part to save the perpetrator of this shocking outrage from the vengeance of the people. The young man, when questioned as to his motives, used his fingers in the manner of dumb persons conveying their ideas by signs. Ultimately he was placed in the custody of the police. It was stated by some of the people in in the church that he is- a maniac, by others that his conduct was the effect of inveterate fanaticism. At one time the greatest alarm pre Tailed in the church, and some time elapsed before its usual calmness was restored. Subsequently it transpired that the name of the prisoner is M'Mahon, and that he is a deaf and dumb lunatic, and that his parents are Roman Catholics.

The Irish State Convicts.—As a contrast to the miserable winnings of O'Donoho, we publish the following extract from a letter from Mr. Meagher, which appears in several of the Irish papers:—" On the whole, I must say that the English government, ever since our conviction, have acted towards us in a frank, mild, honorable spirit. Sending us out so many thousand miles away from our old home and friends to this lone spot in the far southern sea was to- be sure, a measure of great severity. Yet it would have been hard to say they could have done less.. We played: fnr a high stake—the armed possession of'onr country; against a foreign force—the I highest stake,that, could;be played, for; we lost,the.game by, a wretchedi throw! aad.with; a: ■wilLiug. h.eart,and <a ready:

huucl we ought, like honorable men, , to pay the forfeit, and say no more : about it." ' ; * ■'-',■

Importance of Attention to the Feet.—We may trace one half of the consumptions of this country to cold suddenly applied to the feet, by which the sensible exhalation is checked ■ and it is not sufficiently impressed upon the mind that when once the regular perspiration from the feet is checked, it is a matter.of the utmost difficulty to restore it. The nightly foot-b"ath, or pediluvium, is in Vain had recourse to, although the natural instinct of the human mind has shown that this is the best remedy; the reasons for which it is required are overlooked, and the simple warmth it produces is thought to be all that is required. But the experienced chiropodist can confirm his mediical brethren, who ought to be aware that if the toes do not freely perspire, some transpiring tissne must take up the excreting duty. The skin is sometimes the auxiliary : sometimes the disease is transi mitted to it, and those forms of cutaneous affection which baffle 1 the most skilful arise ; at others, the lungs are called upon to exhale more than in a healthy state they naturally do ; and' hence spring up "a host of maladies which owe their origin to inattention to the humbler parts, as they are considered, of the human frame —the toes ; but which, in fact, are as important members of the body corporate as are any of the structures of more complicated organisation.— Surgical and Practical Observations on the Diseases of the Human Eoot, by Jorn Eisenbera. The Endless Versatility of Lord Brougham.—That the king never dies, and Lord Brougham never sleeps, are two leading features of English constitutional doctrine. Whenever the time may come, and we sincerely trust it maybe far distant, when the noble, and learned lord is nominally removed from amongst us, we have little doubt that he will step forward in any capacity, save that of mute to manage his own obsequies. He will wrangle with his own executors, throw his own estate into Chancery; review his own biography, which is now lying in Lord Campbell's desk; pronounce his own funeral oration in the House of Peers and show himself visibly affected for five minutes at his own death; and when we imagine that we • have nothing left for it but to reduce our grief within the decent limits of manly fortitude, we shall be pre ■ sently convinced that our sorrow was premature by receiving the intelligence that the departed worthy has just made his appearance as primo tenore at La Scala, or is the head of a Provisional Government at Thraen.— Times.

Alleged Burying Alive.—ln the midst of exaggeration and invention,' there was one undoubted circumstance which formerly excited the worst apprehensions : the fact that bodies "were often found turned in their coffins, and the grave-clothes disarranged. But what was ascribed, with seeming reasons, to the throes of vitality, is now known to be due to the agency of corruption. A gas is developed in the decayed body which mimics by its mehanical force many of the movements of life. So powerful is this gas in corpses that have lain long in the water, that M. Devergie, physician to the Morgue at Paris, and the author of a text book on legal medicine, says that unless secured to the table, they are often heaved up and thrown to the ground. Frequently, strangers seeing the motion of the limbs, run to the keeper of the Morgue, and announce with horror that a person is alive. All bodies, sooner or later, generate gas in. the grave; and it constantly twists about the corpse, blows out the skin till it rends with distention, and sometimes bursts the coffin itself When the gas explodes with a noise, imagination has converted it into an outcry or groan; the grave has been reopened ; the position of the body has confirmed the suspicion, and the laceration been taken for evidence that the wretch had gnawed his flesh in the frenzy of despair. So many are the circumstances which will occasionally concur to snpport a conclusion as unsubstantial as a dream.— Q.uarterly L Reyiew. Lord Denman■ and *his_'Father.— The grand jury of his native county, Derbyshire, having presented an address to the late Lord Chief Justice on his retirement from the bench, the noble and learned lord says, in his reply, "Near a hundred years have elapsed since my father left his native in very humble circumstances and with slender means by his exertions* during a long course of years he . was enabled to afford me the education which advanced me; and he instilled those principles, habits, and tastes which have led to your favourable estimate of my : services. It is delightful to know that the same process is, at this* moment goingonin thousands of English' families; and that, though,.the high honours must be confined to a few, the exertions made in.order to attain them will be as useful and honourable to the aspirants as valuable to the public." -' Yellow Fever at Rio de Janeiro.— A steamer, arrived at Philedeiphia, supplies Rio Janeiro date? to "the sth bCApril. The ranges of the yellow fever were awful; 14,000 deaths" in loss than three months. Ey>rv English vessel has suffered more "or less ; many vessels have

lost every soul on board, no seamen to mann'half the T Bei the " the " Yess eU j An Amusing Scene with aY Draioß—An amusing scene too? T a few days ago, in the K ue StH? at Lisle An unfortunate debto, ?S had long been waited for by Jwofc ■?! ventured to enter into thl street J -was immediately siezed. At tl, moment he threw himself on tieV™ 1 m such a way that the greater!,? 2? ramamed in" the passage of the I, "You cannot arrest me " he a - •? "I am in the house; you cannotV* without the presence of * The bailiffs declared that &£% the house as his feet extended 0 ? tl pavement; but the debtor refused J ]l and cried agam and again, " I ani ° " house! A crowd assembled and"h as.usual took the part of the deKj But a pohceagent having coufe up heard the arguments of both parties a I then decided, with alKthe gravity' ? Solomon, that as th debtorwas oJt ofl house when he was seized by the bai ifl his arrest was perfectly legal. After th decsion the crowd allowed the bailiffs take the debtor to prison.-Gafcwj Messenger. J l

is said that Sir- John 'Hobhouse' about to letire from the presidency 1 the Board of Control Mr T bouchere will succeed..him in that iLI andthatMr,CobdenwiU4henE pointed President of the Board Trade. . ■

The Limerick ' Examiner; states that copper mine has been discovered od'tli property-of Messrs. Harrold, in'the im mediate vicinity of Limerick. l Wtiil engaged in excavating a quarry, seven lumps of copper ore were, it is found by the workmen, and; as the oper tions proceeded- in depth, large quantitie continued to be found.

It is stated that 'Lord Gough has pui chased by private contract the castle, d< mesne, and estate of Killymoon,'the pre perty of Colonel Stewart, and that tb gallant veteran is -about to become resident iv Ulster.

Mr. Douglass Jerrold suggests that i the event of-the termination of theplac of the poet Laureate, the salary thi would otherwise cease with it shoul endow the post of keeper-ship of Shah spere's house-at Stratford-upon-Avbn. Mr. John Macdonald, of Mahsfiel Woodhouse, who attained his hiindret year last November, will run any'man i England, his own weight and age, for an sum. N.B. hurdles. ;

"I remember," said Lord John Rui sell, in the House of Commons, the othi night, an Englishman of considerable ti lent, who had passed much of his li] abroad, used to observe, that if a- man q coming to this country were to shut li eyes and keep his ears open, he wouj conceive it to be one of the most miser ble nations in existence; but that if] were to take the other course to ojien 1 eyes and shut his ears, he wouET think one of the happiest in the world.

The aviary of the Liverpool Zoologici Gardens has been burnt to the- grouni through some fireworks dropping oh tl thatched roof. Several of the birds wel scorched to death. ;. !

Canine Saturday las a dog, belonging to a gentleman residin in this city, suddenly left his master house, which he was not in the habit) doing alone, and found his way to th shop of Mr. Platt, chemist, where he a tracted attentiou to his necessities b holding out one of his fore paws. 0 examination, it was found that a larg pin was deeply embedded in the foo and this seemed to have been traquei tionably the cause of his visit to Mi Platt, who had only=a few days before ad ministered to him a dose of medicinethe dog of course imagining that th gentleman who had previously been of s much service to him would now kindl act the part of an operator. He accord ingly did so, and, after the operatioi "bow-wow" wagged his tail and returns home, much to the astonishment of hi owner.— ChestsrCourdnt.

Stone Paper.—Messrs. Ebart, ; pro prietbrs of one. of the largest maiiufacttf ries in Germany, sitiiated? Nt Neustadl Elberswald, have just invented an iilcoin bustible cartridge papei , , which' they tern " stone paper," and which is , intended fo roofing houses, If? is Jbestitjed' to ,tak the place of tiles, over/which-it lias'thi twofold advantage, that it & ndtfragile; and is very inexpensive. Byordbr 61 M. Yon der Heydt, Prussian Minister o! Trade and Public Works, the Royal Com. mission of Buildings has : submitted tb( stone of Ebart !to-num6rons tesft from which it results that it is at the samf time impermeable-.and-fire-proof, Tb( Commission , has. strongly recommendeo it -to the "peasantry as a substitute foi tiles.-— Observer.