ENGLISH INTELLIGENCE.

Wellington Independent, Volume II, Issue 57, 1 April 1846, Page 3

ENGLISH INTELLIGENCE.

Bigotry.—The Liverpool papers contain the following statement relative to an occurrence in one of the churches, on Sunday:—" During the sermon a poor man fell down in an epileptic fit, and his contortions, of course, excited a feeling of commisseration and concern in the congregation. This feeling, however, seeing not to hare been par* ticipated in by the preacher, who, pointing to the sufferer, described him as a poor unfortunate sinner, of whom the devil had got posieseion, and

declared that the event was a means of stratagem on the part of the devil to interrupr the discourse and destroy iti effects."

CuiupDs Fcnerat, Service The following touching funeral service was preached in Washington coungy Md. It is Raid in the Hagerston News to be no hoax :—" Friends and neighbours! you have congregated to see this lump of mortality put into a hole in the gr. and. Tou ail knew the .deceased— a Worthless, drunken, good-for-nothing-vagabond. He lived in disgrace end infamy, and died in wretchedness. You ail deß; i-ed him ; you knew his brother Joe, who Jives on the hill. He ie not a bit better, though he has scraped together a lit'.le property by cheating his neighbour*. Hl3 end will be like that of the loathsome creature, who you will please to put into the hole as soon as possil.le. I won't ask you to drop a tear, but brother liohow will please rise a hjmn while we fiil up the grave." r "

following trick was played offlaUjyon a notorious receiver of stolen goods, by which he was defrauded out of tome hundreds in a manner that precludes the possibility of his making his loss the subject of judicial investigation. It wouid appear that a pack of swindlers have for some lime past been pursuing a successful game amount the pawn, brokers in the country by pledging juetsl watches, cluing, seals, and other articles of a very superior manufacture (ttrongly plated with geld by the g<:!. vanie process) for the pure metal. The game having become known, the parties were left with the remainder of their stock, which they anticipated realising upwards of £800, but which intrinsically we.c not worth £150 To ge; iid of them 'he foilowing ruse wis resorted to. The goods were packed up and sent per rail to Londo-. On their arrival one of the paity called, and bearing they were gone, pretended they were stoien. Bills were printed describing the property, and offering a reward for tbeir ncTery. The party who had possession of them then calied upon the receiver, snd shewing him a biil, led him to tUppose be hsd stolen them, and by thote means induced him to jrive nearly £i-jQ far the good?. The receiver ktpS them some t'me, and then gate them to a watchmaker to alter iheir appeara'nee, when to hi« dismay he was told that he had been duped out of above £200. *

Clerical Magnanimity.—The Rcr. Josiab. Allport, of Birmiaghaai, has resigned the valuable liTing of Kiraboiton, soon after being presented to it by the Duke of Manchester. Believing, from the representations he had received of Ifee wish of the inhabitants to retain the services of their late pastor's cura-e, that his retentioa cf iks ihing would be a monling-block ia the way of the gospel, he cheerfully dashed the cap of tempera! blessing from his lips before tie had tasted it. — Liverpool Etindard.

A Strange Eel.—As a party of gentleman from Gkfgow were out fishing for eels on Saturday, opposite Heiensburgh, one of them hooked a fish of unusual magnituJe, which gave him a great deal of trouble :o briag to the surface of the water. This bring at length achieved, he was startled by observing an unusual appearance about the head of the fish—a fue large cd. at least seren feet in length, and of proportionate thieknes?, and called out to his companions to come to bis assistance. By their j inc. .-sermons, if ~?.s hauled o e the boar, iti a state of grea: eiiiaustion ; and it was discovered, strange as it may appear, that it actually baJ a white hat on ! Its head had gone by some means or other clear through the crnwn of the hat, which had stuck firmly upon its dorsal fin. Muci wonder and aaiusemeat was of course excited by tbe circumstance, and the hat upon be:ng examined was found rxarked with the initiak C. X , of Glasgow. The hit was carefully taken off, and the eel, as if relieved from a great mcuinbrance, appears to have suddenly revived, and insinuated its body through the sleeve of a shooting coat, which one of the pan 7 had left carelessly hanging over the gonwale o{ the boat. In another instant, and before an effort conld be made to arrest its progress, it darted cveibuard, coat and all, to the no small amazement of most of ths party, and to the consternation of the luckless wight, who was so unceremoniously deprived cf his garment. In the pocket of the coat was a small whiskey fiask, a yellow silk handkerchief, some ratiicay scrip, and a promissoiy note, besides several letters, some of wh'ch were of a tender nature. A reward was immediately offered for tbe apprehension of the eel with the coat on, and we understand that the boa'men of Heiensburgh made several unsuccessful attempts during tbe day to fall in with it.

Suspension Inox Chain- of the Thirteenth Cextorv —M. Navier speaks of a chiin stretched across Leiweea two rocks that command th; towa of Mourtiers, in the department de Basses Alpes. It is 656 feet long, and mode of rods absut 2 feet 1$ inch long, and f inch diameter, hooked one to the other without any intermediate links. The date of its erection is not certain, but it is supposed to belong to the thirteenth century. It does not, however, appear to hare been ever intended for a bridge, but is thought by some to nave been an offering to the Virgin to obtain protection agaiast being overwhelmed by the rocks that overhang it. By others it is attributed to a Knight of Rhodes, who is supposed to have erected it in consequence of a tow made during his captivity m the Holy Land. The iron is said not to be injured by rust —The Builder.

"Waters of the Dead Sea.—l bathed in the Dead Sea. The ground, covered by the water, sloped so gradually that I was not only forced to " sneak in," but to walk through the water nearly a quarter of a mile before I could get out of my depth. When, at last, I was able to attempt a dive, the salts held in solution made my eyes smart so sharply that the pain which I thus suffered, acceding to the weakness occasioned by want of food, made me giddy and faint for some time ; but I soon grew better. I knew beforehand the impossibility of sinking in this buoyant water, but I was surprised to find that 1 could not swim at my accustomed pace. My legs and feet were I fted so high and dry out of the lake that my stroke wae baffled, and I found myself kicking against the thin air instead of the dense fluid upon which I was swimming. The water is perfectly bright and clear: its taste detestable. After finishing my attempts at swimming and diving, I took Bonie time in regaining the shore, and, before I began to dress, I found that the bub had already evaporated the water which clung to me, and that my skin was thickly encrusted with sulphate of magnesia.—Eothen,

Summary ov Exgusii Nitws- —The meeting of Parliament was prorogued to the 27th of November.—Mr. Johnson h*s b:;en elected Lord Mayor of London. Willia n Clnplin, E<sq , and J. Liwrie, Esq. are the new Sheriffs. — The Home Govern* ment heve determined to reduce ths salaries of the colonial clergy , 20 per cent. —Van Di men's Land wheat Sill in .England, at the lust advices, for 70s. per quarter, or Bs. 9J. per bushel.—" Rebecca '' has again mads her appearance in Wales and recommenced her crusade against tha turnpike-gates. A new toil-house on the Merthsr road, near its completion, was'levelled in one night to the ground.—lt is said the British Government is about to form a settlement at Laboan, a small Island eff the northern coast of Borneo.—The tender which accompanied the discovery ships Erebus and I"error as f-ir as Whalebone Island, had returned to the pjwns, having left her consorts at that place on the 12th July, all well end in good spirits.—An awful explosion had taken place in the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, by which seven individuals lost their lives.—An order had been received at Portsmouth to enter upward i of 300 more labourers in the dockyard. An additional force was put upon the Centaur, steam-frigate, to expedite her launching, 5,000 gun-tackle blocks were ordered to be immediately made and delivered into'tha storekeeper's department, within five weeks. The greatest activity was prevailing in every department of the dock-yard.— The Patis , papers announce the receipt of a telegraphic despatch from Madrid, on the sth September, to the effect that an attempt at insurrection was made that evening, but was promptly repressed by the troops. Only one officer was killdd.—The French fleet, consisting of seven ships of the'line, and having" on board 5,000 marines, sailed from Toulon on the 6th: it was believed for the coast of Spain.—The Frankfort Journal mentions that the King of Wu temburg had been twice fired at, at Meran, in Tyrol, but fortutntely without being injured.—The, state of affairs at Buenos Ayres was considered unsatisfac'ory. The Sultana, which left Cork on the Bth July for that place, had with her outward cargo, entry to Buenos Ayres having been refused in consequence of her touching at Monte ; Vido for a pilot. This fact serins to contradict the reported success of the Omnge demonstra . lon took place in Enniskillen, on the 20th August, when abiut 10,000 marched in passed resolutions against Repeal and Popery; Lord Lofthouse presided, and the Marchioness of Knniskillen and other ladies were present.—Repeal meetings still continue to be held in diffe-erit parts of Ireland, at which the same violence of language characterizes the addresses of the speakers, in some districts, the Total Adstinence Societies, established by Father Mathew, have been convened into political associations. Consisting exclusively of Roman Catholics, the active inter* ference of the military has been required, on several occasions,<to present collision with the ProtesUnts. Such was the case at Kiilesandra, where the town was occupied during the whole night by about 500 men, armed withrudebut destructive weapons. The assemblages of : the teetotallers have, in reality, become iepeal meetings.—An Irish deputation has Bought the aid of the English Government to carry into effect the recommendation of the Drainage Commission for connecting the River Shanuon with Lough Erne, and thus uniting, by inland navagation, the provinces of Munster and Ulster. It is stated that this arrangement would afford fecilities for the drainage of not leas than 4,000,000 of acres.—A new Ra lwayCompany has purchased the Regent's Canal for a million of money —A new range of "Warehouses have been erected by the London Dock Company for the sole accommodation of the tea trade, at an ;£ISO,OOO. They are of vast extant and are capable of stowing and working 120,000 chests of tea, The whole are completely fire-proof. , —During the month of August last, a young lady of Schenettady, New York, was delivered of five children at one birth. The mother and children are nil alive, and heal.hy, and likely to live. 1,000 dollars were raised in the city, and given to the mother as a premium. The young lady has since been married to the father of the infants.— A number of pieces of ordnance have been finished and a portion conveyed during the past week from the Royal Arsenal, at Woolwich, to the East India Docks at Blackwall, for conveyance to their destination. Amongst the pieces of ordnance ready for shipment are ten of Monk's 50-pounder guns 11 feet long, and weighing 97 cwt. each ; ten 10.inch, and fiften 8-inch mortars, and eleven 32----pounder carronades for ships or war steamers in the East Indh Company's service.—Another colliery explosion has occurred in a pit at Aberdare in Wules. Five men were dreadfully scorched, but it is expected they will recover. The accident is attributed to neglect on the part of the men.—lt was formerly the province of the Coroner's inquest to Keeinto the origin of fires. This ancient function was resumed in the case of the recent fire in Aldermanbury, end a verdict of '* Caused by accident," returned.—Martha Cook, a fine young woman, aged 19, died a few days ago at Coggleshall, from the rupture of a blood vessel, occasioned by tight-lac-ing.—The Great North Road between Darlington and Durham, and also between Bawtry and Doncaster, is in many places covered with grass in the centre, for several yards in length.—A. number of well executed counterfeit half sovereigns are in circulation in London.—Native Silver Ore of a rich quality, has recently been discovered in the East Coombe Silrer and Lead Mine, in the parish of Stembiidge ; and the prospects generally are very flattering.—A. collier committed suicide at Derby Green, near Shrewsbury, by jumping into an old pit. His wife caught hold of his coat to prevent him, but the coat tore off and was left in her hand.—A newspaper was published for the first time in St. Helena in June last.—The Times estimates that ten millions sterling will have to be sent out of the country to pay for foreign railway shares.—The railway mania is raging in England as fiercely as ever. Fortunes are being made and lost daily. Mr. Richard Oastler is said to have netted £30,000 by these speculations.—Six hundred Irishmen in New Orleans have offered to enrol themselves as volunteers for defence of the country, in the event of a war with Mexico.—A new kind of cannon ball or shell has been invented by a Cincinatt'u which, it is said, will destroy ten ships of war in ten minutes, from the batteries of a single vessel.—The New Orleans merchants and journals are agitating the expediency of a line of steamers between that port and Kingston, Jamaica, to connect with the line.of the British JRoyal Mail Company, and thm with all the West Indies and ports of South America.

Madagascar as a French Settj,f.mext : its Bkauing on Mauritius.—The French will tuke Madagascar. It w:ll cost them much tine, much money, much blood. They may not be able to make much out of it after they have got it. Bat take it they will. They have long been makicg preparations for the coup —surveying the coaits an.l exploring ths interior— making a party in the island—drawing together unnoted a large naval force in the vicinity—fortifying an island that commands the N. W. coast of Madagascar and the Mozambique Channel. The last outrages upon European settlers by the officers of Queen Ranovala's Government have come as if wished for. All was ready, and they offered an excuse for marching to the assault. The revival of war in Algiers, and iti extension to Morocco, are U-timed; but that obstacle is extraneous to the policy pursued in Madagascar, and noways discredits the skill of the French agents there. Co&te qu'il coUte, the conquest of Madagascar by France is resolved on, and will not be relinquished. In this France acts in her right, all the same as Briton has done in New Zealand, India, Hong Kong, and other places too tedious to enumerate. But what will be the effect on English interests if Madagascar becomes a part of the Frence dominions ? The commerce of Madagascar is indispensable to the prosperity, almost to the existence, of Mauritius. Madagascar couldj under a system of free trade, supply Mauritius with the prime necessaries of life far more advantageously than any other place. Timber for house and ship-building, of excellent qunli'y, (which is not produced in Mauritius,) could be supplied at low rates, and the returns would be British cloths and other manufactures. Coffee of fine flavour, and indigo of excellent quality, tobacco, and pepper, grow frejly throughout the country, Mauritius might be supplied with live cattle and salt beef from Augustin's Bay, Moranilava, and other parts, at one-third of the price paid for them at Tamatave, whence, at present, the island supplies are chiefly drawn. Iron is found within a few feet of the surface in Imerina, and coal is believed to exisfthere and in the neighbouring province of Ankay. There are in Madagascar many materials for a profitable trade with Mauritius, and the provisions and timber of Madagascar are indispensable to the colony. The free intercourse we enjoyed (and had confirmed to us b> treaty in the days of Radama) has been materially obstructed under his successor. But if Madagascar becomes French, it would exist precariously at the mercy 'of the system of commercial policy which Fiance might see fit to adopt. The treaties contracted with Radatna, in 1817 and 1821, the enforcement of which has been systematically waived by the British Government since 1828, would find no grouud for claiming free intercourse with a French colony. If France acquires possession of Madagascar, the 'French Government can at any time cut off from Mjuritius it's most available supplies of building timber and -supplies. And there is something in the constitution of Mauritius society that renders it particularly undesirable that the colony should be placed wiihin the range of the shotted guns of French diplomacy. The bulk of the Mauritius are French: we say it not as a reproach, but merely as a fact. Tney are not, like the Canadians, antirevolution Frenchmen, but French of the 18th century, with all the sentiments and sympathies of the nation from which they have been transferred to our government by right of conquest. The columns of tbe Mauritius papers are principally filled with extracts, not from English, but from French newspapers. The imports of Mauritiu-,—-the furniture of their houses, the wines they d ink —are all from France. The extent to which the commerce of a mother country is permanently increased by colonies, in despite of political severances, is beautifully illustrated by the import lists of Mauritius. The Mauritians have not yet amalgamated with us. Under such circumstances, were Mauritius, by the French occupation of Madagascar, placed in a French world—and were, a system of commercial exclusion adopted towards it by French authorities there—who could wonder at, or even blame, the Mauritians for seeking to resume their lost nationality ? Yet Mauritius must be kept. In justice to the British capitalists who, on the faith of Government, have invest d capital there, it must be kept. In order to shelter and protect our commerce from storms and enemies, it must be kept. It is a British fortress, on the maintenance of which depends our power to keep our due footing on the Indian Ocean and the surrounding shores. We have respect and sympathy and liking for the Mau itians, as for all Frenchmen, (who are all favorite* of ours); but, Willi/ nilly, they must remain British subjects. And our tenure of their allegiance will be materially endangered if all Ma-, dagascar is to become French. Divided potsession of any territory by two nations is an awkward affair. It answered ill with Ftench and Spaniards in St. Domingo, and worse with French and English in some of tbe smaller Antilles. Nay, what peace was there on the wide continents of America and India, so long as France and Britain were equi\l occupants ? But» as we said at first, in trying to occupy Madagascar, France is in her right; and, undesirable though a joint proprietorship be, it is the only means by which we can retain Mauritius. —Colonial Gazette. j Trade, Commerce, and Manufactures Mr. Burni of Manchester, in his last half-yearly " Commercial Glance," states the following important facts with reference to our cotton manufactures :—ln 1842 we exported of plain calicos, 184,017,758 yards. Such, however, has not been the characteristic of the past six months; first we find the exports under this head, up to the end of June, 300,038,150 yards, showing an incrense over the corresponding six months of 1844 of 23,315,479 yards, and over those of 1842 of 116,020,392 yards, or about seven, twelfths in three years. In printed and dyed calicos, the quantity exported up to June, 1845, is 153,338,502 yards, giving an increase over the first sis months of last year of 1,258,134, and over those of 1842 of 33,384,377, or upwards ofone-fifthi In some descriptions of goods, of no great moment, we find a slight decrease, and whilst we have an imrease of most descriptions of per. fdcted manufactures, there is a decrease in the exports of cotton yarn, amounting to 351,583 tbs. That the cotton trade, generally, has sustained a vast increase in extent, is evident from the fact that the deliveries to the trade have been, for these six monthe, 29,235 bales per week, agninst 23,023 last year.

in SI? ar to be built upon the deugn.re.pMt.vely of »£ J ".J r l^^ t The additional lorce is engaged for six month j at the same wages as the other art,■«»• A "™J report i. ordered to be made oi the Bate of the advanced thirty SHil-of-the-line. and all stores not pe"shab!e.and y furniture not liable to de,er.or. c by bein* afloat, are to be put on board **f" c nient The steam gu.rd-.hipe to be bVought forward immediately; in fact some of them have already been taken in hand. Not.cc for tendeis rYo*.engineers has been issued, and the tender, for wrew machinery for these steam-guard ships will be sent into the Admiralty from the various firms after the first of nest month.-Hampshire T tEfcAN PaivATEERS.-We have learned that a number of vessels have proceeded to Mexico, t_» be employed as privateers. The Shamrock, Which had been for some years a revenue cruiz-r on the Irish station, and had been well known at Kingston as one of the fastest boats in the squadron was sold by Government some months since. She subsequently proceeded to Liverpool, from whence, two or three warks since, she sailed for Mexico, the owners intending to take out letters of marque fjr the privateer seivice.—Dublin Mercantile Advertiser. Fortifications of Plymouth.—Fortifications for a more evident protection of this harbour, and the approaches thereto, are about to be erected. These will be construct on the west side of B.oad-s'.reet, Point, from the old Sallyport, and will further extend from the Semaphore to the Round Tower, embracing the Sallyport Gat-, and bridge, and 22 houses, commencing with the Sun Tavern, and extending to Tower-oourt, with the same number of tennements in the rear thereof, | facing the harbour; a length of upwards of 600 ieet next the wa'er, where a double bauked battery will be erected in lieu of the one at present standing from the Sallyport to the Round Tower. The Bjard of Ordnance have caused notices (o be served upon the owners of the property above mentioned, that such would be required for the defence of the port, and requesting that they would send in estimates of the value of their properties on or bt-fore the 15ih infant. At the ie.iv of this new work, barracks will be erected for one or two companies of artl cry ; accommodations for a similar force ate now in course of erection at Blockhouse, where the single row of guns will be changed for a double row of 68 and 32 pounders, with a round tower in the rear of three tier of gnns j the whole of the defences will be funher secured with a deep fosse in the rear. By a letter from H. M. ship Agincourt, dated ManiLa, 3rd Septembi-r,we learn that the squadron, consisting of the Agincourt, Vestal, DceJalus, Cruz er, Wolverine, Vixen, Pluto, and Nemesis had attacked, at Maltoodoo Bay, the pirate chief Seriff Housman. The boats of the squadron, suceeded in tuking his forts, being three iv number, and mounting altogether 15 guns; they destroyed his town and all the they came across. The boats were under the fire of the batteries while forcing the boom, upwards of fifty minutes, a little more than two hunlred yards distance. Uur loss was six killed and fifteen wouudeJ—two of the latter since dead. Mr. Pirn of the Vestal, was wounded in the back part of the thigh by a grape shot, but not dangerously. Gibbard, the mate of the Wolverine, was killed. The loss of the enemy could not be acertained, as they carried the bodies immediately into the bat it must have been immense. Two Arab chiefs are known to have been killed, and Seriff Housman himself to hm been d off the fi.-ld severely wounded in the neck. The squadron were to sail for Hong Kong from Manil a the day after, namely the 4th Sept. Proposed alterations in the English Courts of Law.—The eighth report of the Commissioners on Criminal Law has just been presented to both Houses of Parliament by command of her Majesty. The report itself occupies 25 folio pages of print, presenting a digest of the law of procedure in indictable offences ; and nearly 20 ; pages are then devoted to a full description of the mode of procedure of criminal cases. The first appendix contains the answers of Lord Denman and numbers of the more able and distinguished lawyers of the day to questions circulated by the commissioners concerning criminal procedure in prosecutions by md ctment or information ; the second appendix consists of minutes of evidence taken be'ore the commissioners; and the third contains ankles printed in various law magazines, &c, on the subject of the questions circulated by those commissioners. In the course of one of them, the following suggestions are made for the amelioration of the ex sting criminal law: —1. That Grand Juri« s ba abolished. 2. That Police Courts be est.blsh.d in each county or parliamentary division of a county, and in each town containing 40,000 inhabitants 3. That astipendiary chairman be appointed for the session. 4. That Crown pro. steutors bj attached to each police court, and be authorised to conduct the entire criminal business of their respective districts} one chief Crown prosecutor be appointed to manage all criminal informations in the Court of Queen's Bench, and all state prosecutions ', and that the Attorney General be considered the supreme bead of this depart ment. 5. That the defendant shall, in all cases, be entitled to 15 days from the date of the commencement of proceedings to the day of trial, having power to waive such in case he shall deem it his interest to do so. 6. Thit five days before the trial the defendant shall, on request, be famished with a copy of the indictment or information, a copy of the depositions, a list of the witnesses and a list of the jury panel gratis, and that two days before the trial the defendant shall, on request, furnish the Crown attorney with a list of such w.tnees.s as he intends to call to facts. 7 That both the Crown Prosecutor and the defendant aba]] be entitled to challenge perempto ily one full jury each but no more, and that no challenge for causa be allowed. 8. That at the Central Criminal Court,

and at all tile ftsiz'B, special juries jmy be § on important'friiils ; that the implication fot tlu> u . W appointinenfinay be made by either party t<, t . police magistrates, nnd in case of hie refill, v * grant an order, to one of tlie supoior judges; an j & those jurors shall discharge their duties without V Lastly. That where the defenil aiu >. ionoceuceis clearly established at the trial, th e judge Bhnll be'empowered to award him his costs GuiiKCK.—Athens, Augusts.—Fears are enter! i * tniiietl that the overthrow of the constitution in c n * I templated, and'tliat the euger support given by ln j ' King and the ministers of the German states t 0 J\r Coletti is in the hope of re-establishing the «y k t en j of absolute despotism from which the nation w a « liberated by the revolution of 1843. No successor 1" to M. Mttax is yet appointed, and it remains to be V, seen whether M. Coletti will be able to maintain lug f' present position, assailed as he will be by the con. i< stitutional paVty, who have remained faithful to the \> principles advocated by Mavrocordito, and the Nan. f pis', faction, hie lite allies, of whom Metax is the head. < " A Royal 'Marriage.—A Vienna letter of the 29 ill ul<., i" the Journal de Frankfort, mentions a report of a projected marriage between the Duke P de Bordeaux and the young daughter of the Duke V of Modena. Time would the elder branches of the *~" royal families of England and 'France be again joined F by the ties of marriage. Our readers 'are aware thai ■ the Duke Modena. is a lineal descendant of Jd meß l the Second of EnsUnd. ■, Railroads.—Ten years ago, railroads, as a means of general transit for passengers and goods- .' were almost untried. Now, they are spreading over £ the coun'ry like net-work ; about one hundred and I fifty railroads are already in use in Great Britain; I and Ireland, and upwards of sixty millions of money I are invest d in them. They are upsetting alUtfj | former notions and altering our sociil condition f I they are pouring the country into London, and I spreading London orer the country. Northwards 1 we are carried as far as Lancaster a distance of | 241 miles from London, in eleven or twelve hours, j by the London and Birmingham, the Grnnd Juno! I tion, and tliecontinua'.ion to Preston and Lancaster- * where though for the present it stops, there will £ probably, be a continuation, by Penrith, to Carlisle S and Glasgow. The same lines the London and :, - Brimingham and the Grand Junction-, link «ith|; Liverpool and Manchester. At Rugby, eighty. \ three miles from London, on the Lmdon and , Birnul ■ inghani Railway, tbe Midland Counties Railwaj i. t carries us to Nottingham and Derby j and at Derby i"; we can get, by the North Midland-, ant! its j.unc. j tious, to Chesterfield, Sheffield, Leeds and York;', or, instead Of going to York, we may double", like & JL hunied hare, turn off to Hull by Selby, or from ■'*" Selby to LfieYU. At York, the Great Nor:h of Eng* jj land Railway, now in progress, will carry ns-on'to N Darham and Newcastle; and at we cjb | cross the Wmd to CailUle. Returning fo | don, we find the Greit Western Utilway opening | to us the western coast; and by its junctions, not i only enabling London cit zens to spend a dny cum. § fortably at Windsor, but joining Bristol-ami Bitb^p Gloucester sad Cheltenham, either now or sbortlj.jj The south coast, again, is almost free to us, by the B Southampton and B'ighton Rulways, along with 1 the Greenwich and its adjuncts, to Croydon and | Dover, all either made or making. Again the ( north-east coast is accessible, by the Eastef n Coun» 1 tiss Railway, tolpiwich and Norwich ; and all whoj wish to KToi'l the intricacies of the London portion 1 of the Thames, called the " Pool," or who are in g^ hu ry lo reach a dinner of white bait, can be whir«ij led from the 'city to Blackwall. • jj The Tirtl&s *' Commissioner" js repfesenfed atP doing good service by rendering universaj.a know.^j , ledge of tlie wretched condition of the Ir.eh' peasan'ry. He describes Ihe mannrsr in whicbj people—not live, tut— starre on the estate of t{ good-na'ure'd, pleasure taking, absentee landlord/." , While ihe Murquis of Conyngham is leading a lfe'' of elegant dissipation, the tenants on the estate fMn!* which he derives the means of unbounded self.'* indulgence a c su: k in squalid poverty, anrffs habitually suffering the worst moral and physica!:l privations of savage life. Compelled to pay rentif-1 which s.vallow up nearly the whole produce of then*" land, they, with the utmost difficulty, sustain mere^ animal existence upon scanty meals composed o/' potatoes and Witer. How many such landlords and? estates there are in Ireland, it is not easy to say;T' but the number, it is to be feared, is Urge. Tt i*l to be hoped that-, in future, the whole chss of nag-' ligentLish landlords will be roused into afufii.ment of the duties bel nging to their position. They hate power to effect incalculable good by an - enlightened and benevolent administration of iheir 1 estates. Ah equitable adjustment of tbe land tenure would, among other arrangements, urgentlj needed, afford the peasantry adequate motives for , industry. There are no " rights of property " so' sacred as the duty of rescuing a whole populationfrom wretchedness. All the world now perceive* , that tranqnil ty in Ireland is impossible, whi'«' hunger and despair remain household familiars o^ its population. In pointing out the beneficial «•[ suits of instruction in making the county of Derr/i----like one of the best districts in England, the"Com--~ mvssioner" adds-" Apply the same means ani; support their industrious application, in the same, manner, by the capital which the country produces, , in the other provinces of Ireland, and what reason is there that they should not prosper like Ulster? Its benefits are obvious. Heinous eriraes are com-. paratively rare. There is scarcely a soldier or as, ' armed policeman to be seen. The community is I, ' peaceable and prosperous one. Yet the Union exists, and Catholics, as well as Protestants, par' - take of the prosperity." „