REPORTED WORLD PEACE PLAN

Wanganui Chronicle, Volume 88, Issue 202, 24 August 1944, Page 5

REPORTED WORLD PEACE PLAN

IDEAS FROM THREE BIG POWERS BRITAIN, AMERICA AND SOVIET RUSSIA Recd. 10.25 p.m. New York, Aug. 23. The New York Tinies has obtained from an unimpeachable source a digest ot* the British, American and Russian plans, submitted to the Dumbarton conference.

The Times correspondent says all three Powers propose the creation of an International Security Organisation, consisting of an assembly of all the Powers, in addition to a council controlled by Britain, America, China and Russia, who, primarily, will be responsible for preventing or repelling aggression. THE AMERICAN PLAN I The American plan especially emphasises that the United States does not propose a four-Power dictatorship on the rest of the world. According to the American plan the Assembly would have to assist the Executive Council in enlisting all States towards giving effect to the council’s actions. Each United Nation would be represented thereon by six members, with each nation having one vote. The Executive Council provided by the American plan would have four permanent members—namely, Britain, ■ America, China and Russia—having authority proportionately to their obligation to provide most of the money, men and force to repel aggression.

The American plan particularly stipulates that in order to use force to prevent aggression, the four members must vote therefor unanimously. In addition a majority vote of the entire council must be given before military sanctions can be applied.

The most important part suggests that the Powers enter into a general agreement on the number, and type ol forces they are under an obligation to put at the disposal of the Executive Council. Moreover, the American plan proposes, that, whenever possible the forces of each nation will be used in its natural region. For example, if a Balkan State committed aggression, the council should direct Russia to use the stipulated quota of its army and air force against the potential aggressor. On the other hana, in case of aggression in the Pacific, the Executive Council would direct the United States to use its force. BRITISH PLAN.

The British plan emphasises that the World Security League should be a simple, flexible organisation of independent nations, based on Article 4 of the Moscow Declaration. The British particularly insist that international peace and security must be made positively, and not kept only negative by means of suppressing violence.

Again and again the British stress they do not intend to repeat the mistake of making too many territorial commitments, or trying to define aggression too closely. They make three specific points in that direction.

(1) All members to undertake to co-operate in the maintenance of international peace and the World Council should be required to take the initiative for that purpose. (2) No guarantee of territorial integrity of member States should be given.

(3) No guarantee of political independence of member States should be given.

The British explain that rigid definition of an occasion for action against an aggressor would be as likely to hinder as facilitate the maintenance of peace and security. WHAT OF FRANCE?

The correspondent adds that both Britain and America favour the addition of France to the rank of a permanent member of the council, but both have placed interesting qualifications on this. The British want France included “when she is restored to the rank of a gieat Power,” wnile the Americans stipulate France should be added “after she had a Government freely chosen by the French people.” The British also suggest that neutrals should be admitted, after due consideration, and enemy Powers only after proving their Pacific intentions The Rusdan plan, more than the British and American, emph.s ses the special place of great Poweis in the world organisation. It al o in ent ons the equality clause in Article 4 of the Moscow Declaration, but points out that the Great Powers, who h'.ve suffered so much in this war, must be given a special place o’ authority in the security o:gani ation.

Moreover, tjie Russians propose the formation of an International Military Air Corps, consisting of volunteers of member states, to carry out the council's will. However, officials do not believe the Russians intend to press the latter point too far. Finally, the Russians emphasise that the league should concentrate almost entirely on the question of security, and not reach out into other fields. They propose, in addition to the security council, the establishment of other separate councils, dealing with political, social and economic questions.