Page 4 Advertisements Column 2

Taranaki Daily News, Volume XXXXII, Issue 191, 20 August 1900, Page 4

THE NATIONAL FLAG. The national flag, or Union Jack, of old England, is composed of a union of the crosses of St. George, of St. Andrew, and of St. Patrick respectively; hence the Union Jack. But why Jack? Some writers suggest that the word Jack arose from tht fact that James I. was the first to blend the red cross of St. George with the cross saltire of St. Andrew, and that this flag was called a Jack from the Latinised form of the King's name Jacobus. This hypothesis is overruled by the fact that Charles 11. issued a proclamation charging the merchant ships that they " do not bear his Majesty's Jack (commonly called the Union Jack) without special warrant, but that they must keep to the flags, Jacks, and ensigns heretofore worn by them." It is evident from thir that some kind of small flags were known as jacks previous to the time of James I. It has been suggested that the name arose from the fact that when the army of Richard 11. invaded Scotland, that King ordered that. " everi man, of what estate, eondicion, or nation thei be, if so that he be of oure partie, beare a signe of the arms of St. George, large, both before and behind." And as the upper part of the dress of a horse-man was called a Jack, it came to pass that small flags for the use of sailors, which bore only the symbol of a cross, came to be called jacks In heraldic language the English flag is thus described:—Azure, the crosses saltire of St. Andrew and St Patrick quarterly, per saltire counter-changed argent and gules, the latter fimbriated, and the second surmounted by the cross of St. George of the Third, fimbriated as the saltire." In plain language the three national flags seem to have been blended as follows: First, the Scotch flag was taken, blue, with a white diagonal cross; then the red cross from the English flag was placed over this; then upon the union with Ireland, the Irish flag, a red diagonal cross on a white ground, had to be combined, and this was done by what is called counterchanging. Although the present arrangement of the flag has been described as " false heraldry," yet the combination has a very picturesque effect, and we should deprecate any alteration of the brave old flag, " the flag that has braved a thousand years the battle and the breeze," and which we hope may brave them for a thousand years more.

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