THE JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION AT BALLARAT.

Colonist, Volume XX, Issue 2356, 2 March 1878, Page 3

THE JUVENILE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION AT BALLARAT.

KHJLKL;

tions. The f eihibits, are.arranged on two rows1, of Italia 'ranging'the' length 'of the building^.'' '/ *'"; "' /",.'" _ ,' " ''■ , Beginning on the left side of the hall, attention is attracted to a large number of rolls of Various kinds of'leather,'arid in various stages of manufacture. These are the exhibits of the Geelorig tannery, and judges of leather pronounce them to bo rfrst-clasa Bpecimenß of colonial industry. Near the leather-stall is one containing a collection of apparently very well made and durable boots,~the work of theinmates;bf the Melbourne Orphan Asylum and the Deaf and Dumb'Asylum'. Adjoining'these is a good i collection of saddlery, contributed by the apprentices of a tradesman at Emerald Hill. The exhibits of wheelwrights' work are not numerous, but they are pronouncedly competent 'judges to be of first-class quality. There is a very handsome single-seated hooded buggy of first-class workmanship, the credit of which belongs to four youths of'Ballarat, under the agea of twenty, nineteen, eighteen, and fifteen" respectively. Beside it is an open-seated "one, the work of ' the apprentices of Messrs. Inglis and Wyatt, all' youths, one of them being under sixteen years of. age. There is also a set of carriage wheelß, contributed by a youth of Carltoh under twenty years of age. Passing up the left aisle we come to a miscellaneous collection of article's, comprising some very neatly1 made churns, the work of Henry Beach, of Geelong, a youth under Bixteen years of age; some well-finished railwayportmanteaus, the work of Arthur Brewster, of Melbourne, aged seventeen years; and others -by Thomas Doyle, who, it is stated, has been only three years at the trade. THere is also a case of horse-shoes and models of horses' feet contributed by Mr Fitzpatrick, of Emerald Hill; another of brass taps and stop-cocks, the work of a Ballarat youth. under sixteen. Passing' on to the next stall we come upon some splendid specimens of engineering work, which excite very general attention. Amongst these is a model steamengine. The'diameter of thefly-wheel islOin., and the length of the stroke 4in. All the partsl are beautifully finished, and reflect great credit onthe workman, Win. Thomas Hewett, of Emerald Hill, a youth of eighteen years of age. Beside it is another engine of a similar description, contributed by Frederick, Mitchell ot Ballarat. On the'eame stall is a machine for making nuts, and. another for making bolts ; also the'work of a Ballarat youth. , A youth of Emerald Hill has contributed a model of a brewer's refrigerator, which appears to be very accurately constructed. The attention of those interested in agricultural pursuits is attracted to a collection of models of ploughs fashioned after the latest improvements, and in proximity is a five-barred gate, which ib made to rise from the ground by placing the hand on a spring.' Adjoining these is a miscellaneous collection of articles, comprising a model of a fire-place, a meter, and' a slate enamelled •mantel-piece. On a stall on the right side of the hall is a collection of ornamental jewellery, comprising brooches, rings, ear-drops,, and other articles, in embossed silver. ;To this collection a youth of eighteen, who has been only three years at the,trade, contributes a silver tablet, representing Joan of Arc riding, Bwbrd in hand, at the head of the French troops. Another youth of fourteen years, who has been only eight months in the trade, has sent a very, elegant specimen of workmanship, in the form of an emu egg mounted in silver.' Among the articles, which attracted the attention of lady visitors especially, are some sets of artificial teeth, the setting and mounting • of which display excellent workmanship. , Science also has its votaries among our colonial youth. Twoyouthß of Ballarat have contributed an entomological collection, comprising numerous specimens of the Lepidoptera, Aptera, Hemiphera, and other families of the insect tribe. In-the case containing thisi collection is a spider's nest. On the same stall is a case of fishes,, which were preserved by Miss E. A, S. John, aged ten years, and her brother,- aged eight years. The collection comprises butter-fish, salmon trout, parrot-fish, and many curious specimensfof animals, which inhabit the ocean. The-most interesting, however, of all the natural curiosities is a case of corsls, numbering about ten differentspecimens. These were brought from Tonga, one of the New Hebrides group, and it is generally admitted by those who have Been them that more beautiful specimens were never exhibited. On the same stall is a case of small birds' eggs, and a case of Btuffed birds, which reflect no little credit on the skill of the taxidermists. There is also a very pretty collection of shells and seaweed, which was presented I by a young lady under seventeen.. One of the curiosities of the exhibition is a hair-ball, about.the size of an ordinary football, which was taken from the stomach of a cow.. It is perfectly;smooth and round, and is said to have become so through the' action of the stomach. • The contributions of the students of the school of mines consist of a set of illustrations of gold bullion assay, showing the various stages of the operation,1 and a series of. illustrations of an auriferous quartz assay.: The architectural genius of Victorian youth is represented by a model of a cathedral, and some villa residences of elaborate structure. The upper stall on the right- | hand of the hall contains a varied collection of ■ useful and ornamental articles of ele-gantly-wrought book-stands, brackets of Huon pine elaborately carved, and numerous cases of artificial flowers in paper, wax, and t wool. The. next stall, containi a-choice'and ' variedicollection of cabinetmaker's and bookbinder's5 work, silk cocoons, models of and other articles too numerous to mention morel particularly. < On a bench-along the wall, on the> right-hand side, are some tempt-ing-looking- specimen* of domestic cookery, iv the: form1 of loaves of bread and <sakes., In a room at the rear 'ot the ;building?is:ia 'large'and varied'collection of**ladies' arid gentlemen's clothingi Of the former, there i 8 sufficient to; stock two or three milliners' shops, and affords gratifying evidence of the skill and industry of the; female portion of , th> rising gelation, of ' !''f

lie Victoria, ft fe^aiyifcgbjetteri patent were gianted to Mr W. B, Kice, of Callfornia,for certain •• improrements inhaweßting machines," in which » threshing machine is combined with and supported on the same framing as a header, so as to enable the entire work of harvesting, from the cut. ting of the crop to the sacking of the threshed and cleaned grain, to be conducted by the one machine at one and the same time. Great Wail op China.—The great wall of China was measured in many places by Mr Unthank, an American engineer, lately engaeed on a survey for a Chinese railway. Hia measurements give the height at eighteen feet, and a width on top of nfteen feet Every fewr hundred yards there is a tower twenty-five feet high. The foundation of the wall is of solid granite. Mr Unthank, brought with him a brick from the wall,; which is supposed to have been made 200 years before the time of Christ. In building this immense stone fence to keep, out the Tartars, the builders never attempted to avoid mountains or save expense. For 1,800: miles the wall goes over plain and mountain, and every foot of the structure is solid masonry. In some places the wall is built smooth up against the bank, or canons, or precipices, where there is a. sheer descent of 1,000 feet. Small streams are arched over,: \ bub in the larger streams the wall runs even: j with the water's edge, and a tower is built on each side. On .the .top of the wall there are breastworks or defences, fencing in and out, so that defending, forces can pass from one j tower to another without being exposed to an enemy from either side. To calculate! the time of building or cost is beyond human skill. Bo far as the magnitude of the work, is concerned, it surpasses everything in ancient or modern times of which thexe is' any trace. The pyramids of Egypt are nothing compared to it.— London Newt. Seized by ak Octopus.—A startling adventure with a " devil tish " is related by the Belfast correspondent of the Warnamlool Standard, as follows :—" Mr. Smale, the diver engaged at the Moyne Biver in removing the reef, had fired off a charge of dynamite, and was engaged in rolling over a large stone, when he saw something which he supposed at the time was apiece of cleanlooking kelp moving about in front of where lie was working. In a few seconds this object come in contact with the diver's arm, about which it quickly coiled, partly holding^ him. Immediately Mr. Smale touched what was coiled round his arm, he became aware of his position, and tried to extricate himself, but found it a far more difficult job than be anticipated. Catching hold of the part hanging from his arm he walked along the bottom of the river, towards the end of it, when he saw he was firmly held by one of the feelers of a large octopus. Mr.. Smale tried to pull the fish off from its hold of the rocks, but without effect for some time. At laßt the fish loosened itself from the atones, and quickly transferred its feelers, or arms, around the diver's legs and body. : In this position Mr. Smale thought the best thing for him to do was to get up on deck as soon as possible, and he quickly made tracks for the ladder, which,reaches from the deck of the punt to the bottom oi the river. The diver was certainly a curious-looking object when he came up. The huge ugly-looking thing appeared to be entangled all over him, holding him in a firm embrace. However, Mr. Smale's fellow-workmen were not long in freeing him from the unfriendly hug of his submarine companion. The body portion, of the octopus was only about the size of a large Boup-plate, with eyes in its head like those of a sheep, but it possessed nine arms, each about 4ft. in length, at the butt as thick as a man's wrist, tapering off at the end to as fine a point as that of a pen-knife. I Thus it could spread over an area of 9ft. in diameter. Ali the way along the under-1 neath part of each feeler are suckers every: quarter of an inch, giving it immense power.1! Mr. Smale declares that ifc was powerful enough to keep three men under water." ~: What's in a name ? asks the London Scottish Journal. Not much, it seems, in the United States of America. There has recently been a sale of autographs and auto-i graph letters in .New York, at which the! most absurdly low prices were^relisedifbr! some autographs of not a little (VaWon,this) Bide of the Atlantic. A letter by Talleyrand; went for four dollars and-a-halfj.one^of Brougham's for one dollari ten cents. A letter of Dickens', with portrait of the dis-j tinguished novelist, fared ; rather better—it brought eight dollars.;( Seven; dollars; .(after! a brisk, competition !)r-was all!'that s Was realised for a letter ot.Tom Moore; with the! autograph music and words of his song,' Prom Life without Freedom, &c.i; and a. brief autograph note of Thackerary.only brought three dollars. But the.culminatfng point was reached: when .the gr< at i Charles Eeade's autograph was knocked downier, ten! cents, or about five-pence sterling., •',.'.;•. i About midnight on the Bth! December a laborer named Hugh: Lennon, living in Bar J mouth-street, -Liverpool^ was quarrelling! with his wife, when his son Thomae, eighteen years of age, interfered, i andn slabbed his father in the left side. The father fell dead instantly. The son was i taken before the stipendiary on Monday and remanded. ■ It was stated that the prisoner! and bothi of: his parents were, drunk at the,time of!the;;mur-! der.Jln reply to the charge the prisoner said, " I was that drunk I did not know what: I Was doing," ■ ; ; i.^M./u. {■~ . :;..;: . • William Cash, a boy twelve years of age,; has been remanded by the, magistrates atl Brighton (England)f in consequence of hisj having attempted to bang; himself. The) little fellow showed himself very Violent some, time before the attempt.. He would scarcely i get out of bed in: the morning, and when at! last he did rise he skulked about^ refusing to! dress himself or eat his breakfast. Hit, violence compelled his mother to leave the; room, and on returning Boon afterwards she1 found the boy banging /and nearly dead. j Shecut him down, but he next made two attempts to cut his throat, and , when re-j monstratftd with .threw the cat on the fire! and a kettle of boiling water at his mother.

'■' I* is an ascertained ,faci; : that there are three classes of lunar mountains. The first; of these consists of isolated, separate, distinct mountains of a very curious character. The distinguishing characteristic of these mountains is this—they start up from a plain quite suddenly. On the earth it is well known that mountains generally go up in ranges of groups, but we find these | isolated lunar mountains standing up entirely apart, never having been connected with any range. The one named Pico is £030 feet high. This mountain has the torm of an immense sugar-loaf, and if pur readers rap imagine a fairly proportionate sugar-loaf 9i)06 feet,in height, and themselves situated above it, so as to be able to look down upon its apex, they will have an appropriate idea of the appearance of Pico. There are other mountains of a similar: description scattered over the moon's surface, and these mountains not only stand apart from each other, but what is still more remarkable, the plains on which they stand are but. slightly disturbed. Etbw. singular, then, the influence which shot; the mountains up 9000 feet, and yet scarcely disturbed the immediate neighborhood. The second class of lunar elevations consists of mountain ranges. Now, this is the principal feature of the mountains on the earth. This phenomenon is also found in the moon; but there it is an exception ; only two principal ranges are found, and these [appear to have been originally only one range. One is called the Appenines. It is so well defined that just as the line of light is passing through the moon, you will think it is, generally speaking, a crack in its surface, but a telescope of ordinary power will at once manifest; it' to be a range of mountains. The lunar Appenines may be compared with the | loftiest range of mountains on earth. It is 18,000 feet high, and there is another still j higher, rising 25,000 feet above its base. In , this feature, then, the moon corresponds with the earth, but with this difference— what is the rule on the earth is the exception in the moon: . { China is now visited by another famine. Reports from the province of Shansi represent that the distress is so great that thousands are dying daily. It is said that the poor people are not only feeding upon dead bodies, but that the strong in body have become so ravenous that they are actually destroying the weak for food. .. A medical man in a leading country town of Victoria (says "iEgles" in theJwtralasian) a few days ago to visit the sea side with his wife. Business was not very brisk, and he saw his way clear for a pleasant holiday. He had, however, one female patient whom be deemed to be past all hope of recovery. Considering it to be useless to remain to see the last of her, he considerately left in the hands of her friends a certificate of the cause of death, with the date blank, and having thus made everything comfortable, started for his favourite watering-place. Strange to say,' the patient from that time began to improve and is now convalescent. , . The Englishman whose arrest in G-er-many has been reported was, the Magdeluirg Gazette states; arrested at the request of the Minister of War. Mr Bishop has been residing at Berlin for the last four years, and has been employed as correspondent of several English journals. He is suspectod of attempting to bribe officials to transmit to him important documents. For this he was arrested on Monday last week. 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