FIGHT TO A FINISH

Sun (Christchurch), Volume I, Issue 182, 7 September 1914, Page 5

FIGHT TO A FINISH

OPERATIONS OF THE ALLIES KAIPARA'S capture and destruction GERMANS IN NORTH SEA. - THE SINKING OF THE PATHFINDER. RUSSIANS IN WESTERN MARCH ACHIEVE OVERWHELMING SUCCESS

There has been little of a decisive nature in the operations of the Allied Forces, but several strategical movements are reported. The British scout Pathfinder exploded a mine in the-North Sea, and it is feared that the loss of life was heavy. _ A German squadron also sank a number of British trawlers, and took the crews as prisoners, while a later message announces the blowing v$ of a liner with refugees from Hull to Russia. The whole Austrian army is said to be broken, and the importance of the capture of Lemberg by the Russians- is emphasised. The cables also contain a thrilling account by the chief officer of the New Zealand Shipping Company's Kaipara, of the capture and sinking of that vessel by the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse. tit England there continues to be an extraordinary boom in recruiting, to make up Lord Kitchener's second army. Important speeches by leading statesmen are reported. The British Navy has taken over the defence of England 5 against probable air attacks, and elaborate precautions are being taken. Prominent lights in London are being extinguished at night. A significant pronouncement is made respecting the Allies' agreement as to the terms of peace.

Uy Telegraph—Treat Association —Copyright,

THE WEEK'S OPERATIONS. v A GENERAL SURVEY. GALLANT BRITISH AT CAMBRAI/ (Received September 7, 11.45 a.m.) • LONDON, September*6. The Press Bureau states that a general survey of the week's operations shows no new main trial of strength. There have been battles on various parts of the front, which, in other wars, would have been considered operations of the.first magnitude, but now are merely incidents. The; strategic, withdrawal aiid i: contraction were necessitated by the initial shock on the frontiers and in Belgium, also by the enormous strength the Germans have thrown west. While suffering heavily through weakness, the British acted in harmony with French strategy. The British at Cambrai, on August 86, successfully guarded the left flank of the whole French line from a deadly turning attack, supported by an enormous force: . THE NEW MOVEMENT. WHAT DOES IT MEAN? OPINION IN ENGLAND. (Received September 7, 9 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. The Germans' new movement'through La Forte-sous-Jouarre and Rheims is in terpreted as an attempt to break the Allies' line between Paris and Epernay, and perhapß also between Rheims and Verdun, realising the danger of attempting to besiege Paris against an unbroken army. LONDON'S LIGHTS EXTINGUISHED OPERATIONS OF THE ALLIES. THE IMPORTANCE. OF LEMBERG. The High Commissioner reports: — LONDON, September 6. Prominent lights in the City of London have been extinguished. The War Ministry at Bordeaux states:—"On our left wing the enemy is apparently neglecting Paris in an attempt to execute an out flanking movement. The Germans have reached La Fete Sous-Jouarre, forty miles east of Paris, and have passed Rheims, and are now proceeding along and into the west of the Argomie Ridge. In Lorraine and the Vosges fighting continues with varying success. Maubeuge has been bombarded, but strenuously resisted. Owing to the Russians' victory on two hundred mile Austro-Galician front and the fall of Lemberg, it is estimated that ten Russian army corps can now adequately occupy the Austrians, thus freeing twenty army corps to launch against Germany. Lemberg controls the junction of eight railways and a new route is thus open to the Russians to Budapest. DISASTER FOR BRITAIN. PATHFINDER STRIKES A MINE. LOSS OF LIFE PROBABLY HEAVY. LONDON, September 6. The High Commissioner reports: — Official.—The British scout Pathfinder struck a mine on Saturday, twenty miles

off the east coast of England, and foundered rapidly. The loss of life was probably heavy. [The scout Pathfinder was a vessel of 2940 tons displacement. She was built at Birkenhead in 1904, at a cost of £273,147, and had a speed of 25.34 knots per hour. Her complement was 268 officers and men, and her armament consisted of nine 4-inch guns and two tor-pedo-tubes.] GERMANY'S FELL WORK. WILSON LINER MINED. INNOCENT PEOPLE PERISH. : (Received September 7, 10.30 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. An exchange states that the Wilson liner Rono, with three hundred refugees from Hull to Russia, struck a mine 40 miles off Shields. Eighty were drowned. Trawlers landed two.. hundred survivors at Grimsby. Many have been removed to hospitals. SINKING OF THE KAIPARA. A VIVID DESCRIPTION. .CHIEF OFFICER TELLS THE STORY. (Received September 7, 8.45 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. ' Mr. Hubert Wilde, the chief officer of the New Zealand Shipping"" Company's Kaipara, in an interview, states: — "From Cape Frio we avoided trade routes, and did not sight any ship until August 16, when the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse hailed Us. The commander, through a megaphone, shouted: 'lf you use your wireless, I will use my guns.' "A lieutenant and a seeond-lieuten-" ant came on board the Kaipara. They smashed the wireless apparatus, and placed explosives in the stokehold. They then ordered everyone of us to leave, and only allowed us to take our clothes. Our individual losses were considerable. The Kaipara's boats conveyed the crew away, and she was afterwards scuttled. The Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse took one hour and a half and had to v take fiftythree shots to sink the Kaipara. The prisoners were treated with great courtesy, and provided with saloon berths. '' It was evident that the Germans did not relish their task. The commander remarked: 'lt is a painful proceeding.' '' The same afternoon the Nyanza was sunk, and her crew taken aboard, and the next day the Kaiser_Wilhelm der Grosse entered Rio de where she coaled from a collier. A week later she was off Las Palmas, and, when coaling, as cabled, the crew rushed on deck with pistols. The petty officers said: 'You'll be all right by-and-bye. We think it is an English cruiser. 5 Later on the captain and a lieutenant said: 'Gentlemen, please go aboard the Arucas at once. A British cruiser is going to fire.' "Many of the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse's crew accompanied the prisoners to the Arucas, and threw their arms into the sea. ".After the prisoners had been transferred to the Arucas, and when H.M.S. Highflyer overhauled the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, the former suddenly .fired, and the ship replied. The Arucas stood by till a shell whizzed over our heads.

"The first shot gave us a bit of a shock, but our men acted with great coolness. I took the Aruca's wheel, and we gradually moved away, '' The Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse had no chance against the Highflyer, owing to the short range of her guns. One of

the Highflyer's first shots disabled the port quarter gun, and destroyed part of the bridge. When she sank the Arucas was several miles away." A VISIT TO MONS. GERMANS STRONGLY ENTRENCHED. FURTHER ATROCIOUS BEHAVIOUR. (Received September 7, 9.40 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. The "Observer's" correspondent at Ostend passed the German lines, and visited Mons. He states that the Germans, fearing an attack by the British troops from the north-west, are entrenching themselves at Mons. The Germans are behaving atrociously in the district, burning houses and murdering Belgian non-combatants, particularly miners, whom they declare are dangerous Socialists. Sacks, containing 62,000 • aluminium identification plates of German killed are being sent to Berlin. SHRAPNEL RAINS FOR HOURS. RUSSIANS CANNOT SEE GERMANS austrians and the white flag! (Received September 7, 8.50 a.m.) PETROGRAD) September 6. A formidable cat-o '-nwie-tails was found in every officer's cabin on the cruiser Magdeburg and each bore signs of long and hard usage. The wounded from Prussia describe how they stood fof hours with shrapnel raining down on them. They were unable to see a single German for the dust. The aeroplanes enabled the artillery to direct their fire onto the Russian lines. The Zeppelins-were useless, and three were brought down. The Germans killed a number of Russian wounded. They fired on them under the white flag and frequently used "dum-dum" bullets. Colonel Tomilofsky's two (laughters and Major Gerard's daughter at Vilna, disguised as soldiers, stole-off to the theatre of war and eventually their parents allowed them to go to the front as volunteers. The Germans are using various infernal machines in destroying the highways and bridges at Tomaschoff. The Russian infantry put the majority of the Austrian officers hors de combat, causing a panic, and then began a general attack. The Austrians speedily hoisted the white flag. This was a frequent occurrence. THE ROUT AT LEMBERG. AUSTRIA'S POWER BROKEN. A SUDDEN CAPTURE. (Received September 7, 8.40' a.m.) ROME, September 6. Advices from Vienna state that the defeat at Lemberg routed the whole Austrian army in Galicia, and the only hope now i» the German, contingent, which is congesting on" all the railways leading towards the north-eastern frontier. (Received September 7, 9.50 a.m.) PETROGRAD, September 6. The capture of Lemberg was so sudden that the station was crowded with trains loaded with munitions of war, dynamite, benzine, and medical stores, which the Russians seized. GERMAN TACTICS. EVACUATION OP TERMONDE. AN EXCITING RACE. (Received September 7, 9 a.m.) ANTWERP, September 6. 0 The Germans have evacuated Termonde (16 miles east of Ghent), burning numbers of houses and blowing up the northern Scheldt bridge to prevent an Offensive movement, while the operations at Termonde were proceeding. They now find it impossible to" hold Termonde without being cut off from Brussels. The incursion into Waesland has apparently been abandoned. PARIS, September 6. Uhlans attacked a motor car containing the Duke of Westminster and an officer carrying French dispatches. The car put on speed and many shots were fired. The officer was killed. BELGIANS REPULSE GERMANS. LATTER SUFPER HEAVILY. DELAY IN ARRIVAL OF GUNS. (Received September 7, 9.40 a.m.) PARIS, September 6. An Antwerp telegram states that 4000 Belgians, with field and machine guns, strongly entrenched at Termonde, fought 20,000 Germans. The latter suffered heavily owing to the delay in the arrival of their guns. " Elsewhere the Belgians, supported by Fort Liezele, killed and wounded 1000 Germans. "WE ARE GOING TO WIN." LORD ROSEBERY ON THE WAR. .A FIGHT TO A FINISH. . (Received September 7, 8 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. Lord Rosebery, at a recruiting meeting at Broxburn, said: — The present is, perhaps, a more solemn moment than any in the history Of the world. The war was due to a spark in the midst of a great powder magazine which the nations

of Europe had been building up for twenty years. If some great organiser planned this war, the curse of humanity will pursue him, to the end. If we had. allowed Germany to vioi late the Belgian Treaty, how long should we have endured seeing the oppression and slaughter of the small but gallant people, in defence of a territory which we guaranteed. We should have gone in, but too late, and only had remorse for our first hesitation. This is a war of nations; not of armies, and the British nation had not been able to stand aloof, for we are fighting for the sanctity of the public law of Europe. If our armies are conquered we would be destroyed for ever. Make no mistake. This war will not be ended by the cession of territory, or by a money indemnity. It is a fight to a finish, and if we go under now we go under for ever. I do not suggest for a moment that Britain is going under, but if not, every man capable of defending his country is bound to step into the breach. If we were to be reduced to 1 be an inferior Power, Hying at the goodwill of our Superior Lord, with our Empire cut up and divided among the plunderers, I should rather that all the British- people as they now exist, were passed into exile, and death, leaving this island vacant for some superior race. But we are going to .win, because the people are united as never before, and because the Overseas Dominions vie with each otlier, in generous emulation, as to which of them shall give us the most support in supplies, money, and men. IF THE GERMANS WIN. CONFLICT WITH MILITARISM. SIR EDWARD GREY'S LETTER. (Receiv'ed September 7, S a.m.) LONDON, September 6. Sir Edward Grey, in a letter, says:— England is engaged in s. conflict with militarism, under which Western Europe will fall if the Germans succeed. If the independence of the smaller States is secured, the German people themselves will be free from Prussian militarism which has driven Germany into conflict with Europe. A brighter and freer day for Europe will compensate for the awful sacrifices. A MILLION FIGHTERS. THE NEED OiF ENGLAND. DISARMAMENT AT BOULOGNE. (Received September 7, 8 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. Society ladies in their motor cars are bringing their personal servants to the' recruiting offices. Lord Charles Beresford declares that England requires a million fighters. Crowds of refugees are congregated at Ostend where the rich and the poor are destitute. Many people are living in bathing vans and the women are mostly without stockings. The military governor is leaving Boulogne, and has announced that the Minister of War ordered the disarmament owing to the\antiquated nature of the defences. The garrison will be distributed between Paris and Dunkirk, and none capable of bearing arms will be left in the town. "GOD! IT WAS AWFUL." GORDON HIGHLANDER'S STORY. WHY THE GERMANS WERE SUCCESSFUL. (Received September 7, 8.30 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. A letter from a wounded Gordon Highlander describes the retreat from Mons. He says: — We were fighting by day and retiring by night, until we came to Cambrai on .Tuesday night. I dare not mention that place and close my eyes. God, it was awful! Avalanche followed avalanche of fresh German troops, but the boys stuck to it. ROTTERDAM, September 6. A wounded German officer states that the German success is entirely due to the fact that the troops are never in action day after day. The army corps work relays, the men taking several days' rest before going into the firing line. The "Cologne Gazette" states: — In the first nineteen days of mobilisation, twenty-six trains went west, carrying two million troops across five thousand Rhine bridges. BRITISH IN HAMBURG. ALLOWED TULL LIBERTY. ABSENCE OF WAR NEWS. (Received September 7, 8 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. An Australian who has reached London from Hamburg via Amsterdam, estimates that there are a thousand British in Hamburg not counting the crews of forty or fifty ships. The British have full liberty and are treated as ordinary inhabitants by the shopkeepers if they have money, but none are allowed to be employed. Many are glad

to receive one or two marks daily from the relief funds. .Hamburg is a. cosmopolitan city, and there is more latitude here than elsewhere. The feeling against the British is very bitter, but the Germans are anxious not to offend the Americans, so the British escape detection. There is complete ignorance in Hamburg regarding the war, and no casualty lists have been published. TERMS OF PEACE. THE ALLIES AGREE. A SIGNIFICANT PRONOUNCEMENT The High Commissioner reports: — LONDON, September 5. Official.—The following, declaration was issued this afternoon by the British Foreign Office:—The undersigned, duly authorised hereto by their respective Governments; have declared as follows: "The British, French, and Russian Governments mutually engage not to conclude peace separately during the present war. These three Governments agree that when terms.of peace are discussed no one of the Allies will demand conditions of peace'without the previous agreement of each other 'a Allies." . The signatories are Sir Edward Grey (Great Britain), M. Cambon (France), and Count Benckendorff (Russia). AGREEMENT DISTURBS AMERICA. MEANS PROLONGING THE WAR. BRITAIN DISARMING MERCHANTMEN. (Received September 7, 8.50 a.m.) WASHINGTON, September 6. American official opinion regarding the Franco-Russian-British agreement is much depressed thereby, as it is now considered that the- prolongation of the war is inevitable'. In order to raise the necessary money "to finance the United States, and to make up the loss of revenue through the falling-off in trade, it has been practically decided to tax beer, fermented liquors, domestic wines, and .distilled liquors. It is officially stated that Britain has decided to disarm all her merchantmen, owing to the trade routes in the Atlantic being perfectly free of the enemy., BOMBARDMENT OF MAUBEUGE. BRITISH PRISONERS ILLTREATED. '/BRAVE ROBBERS OF'COLONIES/' (Received September 7,'d;35 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. The "Observer's" Ostend correspondent says that Maubeuge is being bombarded with the famous howitzers. Over a hundred houses, at Nimy, Mons, Jemappes, and other villages were burned. The terrified inhabitants hung out white flags, and implored for mercy. At Jemappes the monument to France's victory over the .Austrians in 1792 was destroyed. The Germans demand requisitions, Wrrifying the victims- with their revolvers. He saw in one village the burial-place of 105 Germans and 50 Englishmen. Wherever possible, the villagers wrapped the Englishmen in Union Jacks. At Mons he saw a convoy of English prisoners, bareheaded in the blazing sun. The citizens offered them straw hats, which the Germans would not permit them to wear. The Germans taunted the British, saying: "Look at these brave robbers of colonies]" After the battle southwards of Mons many wounded British were three days without help. The correspondent also saw a German aeroplane break down near Ostend. The peasants captured the two officers, one of whom was wounded. Both were sent to Ghent. GERMAN WEST AFRICA. THIRTY THOUSAND ARMED MEN. PREPARATIONS TO DEAL WITH ~ THEM. (Received September 7; 9 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. Further reports from South Africa indicate energetic preparations to deal with 30,000 armed Germans in German South-West Africa. DRUNK WITH BLOOD. GERMANS AT LOU VAIN. INHABITANTS' PITIFUL PLIGHT. (Received September 7, 8.50 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. Mr Will Irwin, the American author, with three American war correspondents, witnessed the sacking of Louvain. He states that the destruction and massacres originated in youths firing on the Germans from houses. Every such house was burned down, and the occupants slaughtered. The destruction was remorselessly completed on the second day of the occupation—street by street, and house by house. Only 2000 German soldiers were engaged, but they were drunk with blood, not~liquor. Mr Irwin believes that the Germans in general are not defying the rules of

warfare, but are applying them in their entireness, and with brutality which is unknown in civilised warfare. The inhabitants who did not flee from the ruins of their towns and villages were left starving, destitute, and stunned. TO MINE THE AIR. AN AMERICAN SUGGESTION. CAPTIVE BALLOONS WITH EXPLOSIVES. • (Received September 7, 8 a.m.) . LONDON, September 6. The army staff at Washington conI sider it possible to mine the air like the sea, it only being necessary to send aloft in the evening a large number of small captive balloons, at varying altitudes, containing sufficient explosives to destroy aeroplanes. The balloons could be taken down in the morning. GERMAN BOMBS IN PARIS. AMERICAN AMBASSADOR SUGGESTS PROTEST. EFFORTS FOR POLISH REBELLION (Received September 7,S a.m.) LONDON, September 6. The American Ambassador at Paris, after examining the bombs thrown from German airships, decided to ask the United States Government, while adhering to its neutrality, to energetically protest ot Germany. A statement has been issued at Tokio, reciting the treatment of Japanese in Germany and and denounces it as a violation of international law, while the insults to the Japanese Ambassador on leaving Vienna are declared to raise doubts as to the quality of the civilisation permitting such acts- | German aeroplanes are showering 'pamphlets over Poland, inciting the people to rise against the hated Russians and adding: "Away with Oriental barbarism. The Poles, having experienced German culture, repudiate community with savagery." A COVENANT SUGGESTED. TRADE WITHIN THE EMPIRE: .AN APPEAL IN CANADA. (Received September 7, 8 a.m.) OTTAWA, September 6, It is proposed to issue v an "appeal to Canadian manufacturers to capture all 'the available German overseas trade, Irnd so make up''to the Empire the loss during the war. The whole Empire should covenant together and purchase only goods made within the Empire. FAILING TO REGISTER. PROMINENT GERMAN FINED. FRENCH-BELGIAN SOCIALISTS' MANIFESTO. (Receive<LSeptember 7, 9 a.m.) is, LONDON, September 6. ' Captain von Herbert, the author of "The Defence of Plevna," and who served with the British army in South Africa, and who is well known in the Isle of Wight, where he was frequently visited by Germans, has been fined £25 for failing to register. The Belgian and French- Socialists have issued a manifesto to all nations, justifying the French Government's defence against the German Imperialist. BATTERED GERMAN SHIPS. DAMAGED BY OWN MINES. INDISCRIMINATE SOWING CONTINUES. ' LONDON, September 4. It is surmised that the German destroyers and torpedo boats which returned to Kiel in a battered condition were damaged by German mines. i. ~ AFTER HELIGOLAND. VESSELS FOR REPAIRS. (Received September 7, 8 a.m.) LONDON, September 6. Some newspapers think it probable that the damaged torpedo vessels- which arrived at Kiel were sent there for repairs after the Heligoland fight. GERMANS LATEST MOVE. NEGLECTING PARIS ON THE LEFT NO SUBSTANTIAL CHANGE IN OPERATIONS. • PARIS, September 6. It is officially stated that the Germans are going further from Paris, continuing their to the south-east, which was commenced on Thursday. They are evacuating the region of Compiegue and Senlis. The situation on the French left is unchanged. The outflanking movements seem to..have been averted. The bombardment of Maubenge, on the Belgian frontier, continues. Tlie town is resisting well. PARIS, September 4. It is oSicially stated that the movements of the opposing armies near Paris have continued with contact between the two forces. The Germans sustained checks in the Verdun region. The French gained partial successes in

Lorraine and in the Vpsges. The general situation has little changed. The Germans are carrying on a widav converging, movement, .leaving Paris oa the right. Their south-easterly march.' continues. A -communique states that the- movements of the opposing armies outsida' Paris continue, without any attempt of the enemy against the different Frenek positions. BORDEAUX, September 5. It is officially stated that on tho French left the Germans are neglecting Paris. They attempted an outflanking movement. They reached La Ferte-sous-Jouarre, and passed Rheims, proceeding west of the Aizonne ridge. The movement has not achieved it* object. LONDON, September 4. The Press Bureau says the situation in the Pfench theatre of war shows i\9 substantial change. The Allies' position' is well maintained. There are indications of a German movement developing in the eastward ami soutm eastward direction. THE RETREAT ON PARIS. | "EXACTLY AS INTENDED." BRITISH OFFICERS' CASUALTIES. OTTAWA, September 5. Cabinet makes no secret of its belief that the Allies' retreat on Paris was carried out exactly as intended. Ministers expect favourable news of the Allies shortly. LONDON, September 4. A further casualty list of officers hat been issued: Killed .. -... .. .. ..-.' .16 Wounded ...... .. 58 Missing 94THE BRITISH RETIREMENT. A GRAPHIC DESCRIPTION. } .COMPLETE ORGANISATION. . An English trainer describes th« British retreat from' Compiegnc to Chantilly. First came motor vans- ami motor 'buses, like an avalanche, racing: i down- the road, tooting with a deafening noise, which echoed throughout the The drivers seemed to know the roads as if they travelled on themt every day. Then came the soldiers;; - who had blown up the railway lines ,and bridges behind them. Peasants int all the villages made a great fuss of the British soldiers, offe*«ag them eggs, butter, milk, cheese, fruit, meat, and fowls. The public, houses offered drinks for nothing. By Tuesday evening Chantilly was empty. The trainers got all their horses away. • . The English residents went to Maisons Lafitte, on the left bank of the Seine, near Paris, or ta Paris. Every kind of vehicle was utilised. Four hundred English stable? lads were taken away by train. [Chantilly is a town of 4700 inhabitants, some twenty miles north of Paris. Important race meetings are heltl there.] N WE MUST HAVE MEN. BRITISH GALLANTRY DESCRIBED, THREE THOUSAND GERMANS ■ SURRENDER. j LONDON, September 5. Brigadier-General Sir Philip Chefcwode, in command of the Fifth Cavalry Brigade, is the first man mentioned iit dispatehes. Writing to his father-in-law, Colonel Stapleton< Cotton, he saidr "We have been fighting unceasingly for ten days, and had no rest—fighting '' with the odds five to one against us. We have been through the Uhlans like brown paper, but we must have men.'' The Allies captured 300 Uhlans yesterday. • ► Trouble was caused in several instances in last week's fighting through Germans using British bugle calls, notably on the 28th, when the Munster Fusiliers were thereby isolated on the extreme left, and lost nearly half their number. ' PARIS, September 5i The "Journal" reports that a German colonel, who is a prisoner, states that five thousand Germans massed in. Luneville were surprised by French artillery.""" They were bombarded for Swa hours, tiK only three thousand Germans were left. They then hoisted the white flag. FINANCIAL MATTERS. .THE CHANCELLOR'S ABRANGHET-. MENTS. BANK OF ENGLAND'S UNDERTAKING. LONDON, September 5. After consulting leading traders and bankers, Mr Lloyd George, in order to facilitate the removal of difficulties arising out of the breakdown of the foreign exchanges, has secured aa

arrangement whereby the Bank of England/ ; wliore-"-required, will, provide acceptors'with funds to pay all approved pre-moratorium bills at maturity. This will relieve the drawers and endorsers of such 'bills of their liabilities as parties <o the'bills, but their liability under any agreement with acceptors for the payment of cover is retained. Acceptors must collect from their clients all the funds due to them as soon as possible, and apply those funds to the repayment of the aforesaid advance.-, on which interest will be charged at 2 per cent, above the ruling bank rate. The Bank of England undertakes not to claim the repayment of the amounts umecovered by the acceptors from their clients for a period of a year after the close of the war. .-"Until the end of this" period the Bank of England claims are to rank after claims in connection with post-mora-torium transactions. In order to facilitate fresh business and the movement ■of proiiuce and merchandise from and to all parts of the world, the joint stock banks have arranged, with the eoopcration, if necessary, of the Bank of "England ami the Government, to ad-Sa-ni-e to clients the amounts necessary £o pay acceptances on maturity where funds ha\e not been provided in due 'Jiine l>y the acceptors' clients, but the acceptor must satisfy the banks regarding the nature of the transaction and. the reason why the money\is not forthcoming fiom his clients. The Government is negotiating with a Aicw to assisting the.jrestoration / of exchange between." the United States and Britain. WAR IN THE AIR. . THRILLING AEROPLANE DUELS. BOMBARDMENT- OF GHENT. LONDON, September 5. A wounded soldier related to Queen Alexandra how a German aeroplane over the British troops signalled their position to* the Germans, and how a minute later a French aeroplane and • an English aeroplane rapidly ascended, • but failed to cut off its retreat. Then the Englishman and the German flew upwards. Each attempted to gain a , position from which to shoot down :rom above. They were almost out of sight when the Englishman soared above the German and fired. The Ger- ■ man abator immediately gracefully volplaned, his machine being apparently under perfect control, and landed safely. The soldiers were amazed to find the pilot dead, shot in' the head, j In his dying moments he had started to lescend, ami when he reached the earth rjs hands still firmly gripped the controls. PARIS, September 5.' . As a Taube aeroplane was approach- J " ii»g Vincennes " to-day r a Frenchman advanced and /circled/above it, and • discharged grape.shot against its wings. The aeroplane fell, and was smashed. OSTEND, September's. A German' aeroplane" bombarded * • Ghent, and also Eecloo. There were no casualties, but some damage was done to • property. Another machine was forced to descend at Ostend, and was captured. AIR ATTACKS IN ENGLAND. NAVY UNDERTAKES DEFENCE. SEAPLANES PATROL THE COAST. < . - • September 5. The Navy has undertaken the aerial defence of England, particularly in - London. Seaplanes are continually /patrolling the East Coast. Searchlights arc employed by night, and guns against aircraft are , mounted on the roofs of the Government buildings. Numerous aeroplanes are kept near-by for the purpose of attacking hostile craft. LONDON, September 4. The submarine-which picked up the German aeroplane in the North Sea found bombs attached. BRITISH TRAWLERS LOST. SUNK BY GERMAN SQUADRON. • CREWS TAKEN PRISONER. LONDON, September 5.. ThcjH'igh Commissioner reports: — Official. —The Admiralty announces that a German squadron, consisting of two cruisers and four destroyers, succeeded in sinking fifteen British fishing boats in the North Sea. A quantity of fish was captured. The crews were taken to Wilhelmshaven as prisoners of war. The Admiralty has announced that ail aids'to navigation in the North Sea by day or night may be removed without further warning at any time. The Press Bureau states that Lord Roberts has appealed to British sports-men-for the loan of their race-glasses for soldiers going to the front. GERMANS-'THREATEN ANTWERP. BELGIANS FLOOD DISTRICT. IN VADERS TAKEN BY SURPRISE. ANTWERP, September 5. About. 10,000 Germans • are at Alost arid the surrounding villages. They continued the movement no'rth and northwest of P>russels, for the purpose of cutting Antwerp's communications with Osteiid and coast towns. The Germans burnt villages on the way. There was stern fighting between Malines and Termode, the Belgians showing great elan when the Germans •-■':.-■! '* -.:■.'.■-• c Tc. The Belgians cut

t&e dykes, flooded the district, completely surprising the Germans, who did not expect such sacrifice. The Germans, i when the telegram was sent, were waistdeep in the water, working heroically to pull out their guns under heavy fire from the outermost Antwerp forts, the Germans losing heavily. THE ALL-CONQUERING RUSSIANS. IMPORTANT POSITIONS WON. AUSTRIANS COMPLETELY BROKEN. PETROGRAD, September 4. It is officially stated that the Russians have captured Halicz, 60 miles south-east of Lemberg. It is officially stated that the Austrian casualties in Galicia were 20,000. All the buildings in Lemberg are packed with Austrian wounded, who were abandoned in the enemy's headlong flight. The capture of the city is important strategically, as Lemberg is a great railway junction, and the key to the rear of the Austrian army, which is now halted on the Spo'le-ZamosUo-BeU line. The Austrians are hastily fortifying Giodek, where the country, being swampy, is easily defensible. ROME, September 5. Thirty-five thousand Austrian and Russian wOunded have been abandoned between Tarnogrod and Tarnopol, besides those at Lemberg, owing to the of finding transport and the lack of Red Cross camps. Both armies refused an armistice. A telegram received here states that the Russian left assaulted a stronglyfortified position on the banks of the Gnilalipa, a tributary of the Dneister. Five thousand Austrians were left dead on the battlefield. The Russians captured an Austrian General, thirty-two cannon, and many prisoners. PETROGRAD, September 6. Sanguinary fighting continues along the front from Lublin to Kolno, where the Tenth Austrian Army Corps attempted to break the Russian lines, but were heavily repulsed. Five thousand prisoners and numerous cannon and machine guns were captured. It is officially stated that fighting took place on the Gnilalipa on Sunday, the Russians breaking- the Austrian line. • A hi'glf military official states that at the outset of the war Austria Avas Russia 's most serious enemy, because, / except for four Army Corps sent to Servia, the entire army was directed against the Russians. Now that the former corps has been annihilated at Shabatz, and Russia has defeated 200,000 men between the Vistula ana the Dneister, ten Russian Army Corps will be sufficient to hold the Austrians • in."cheeky leaving twenty corps free to "be 4 launched against Germany v PARIS, September 5. The ''Matin's'' Rome correspondent says that five German Army Corps have been withdrawn from Belgium and the north of France, and have arrived in West Prussia. A STIRRING GATHERING. MR ASQUITH'S MEMORABLE SPEECH. *A UNITED EMPIRE. . LONDON, September 5. Turning to the situation in Mr Asquith, during the monster demonstration at the Guildhall, said that new and better relations with France and Russia had matured into settled confidence and goodwill, but at no time were they directed against other Powers. When the Austrian ultimatum was delivered to Servia, Sir Edward Grey, pursuing the pacific policy adopted throughout the Balkan crisis, proposed a mediating conference. If this had been accepted, the whole of this terrible slaughter would have been avoided. Germany alone was responsible for the war and its illimitable suffering. In Germany was to be found the origin of this w r orld-wide catastrophe. We had persevered .to the end for peace by every expedient of diplomacy, even straining our most cherished friendships and obligations, and only when we realised that the choice lay between honour and dishonour, treachery and good faith, had we decided for war. "Does anyone throughout the Empire," asked Mr Asquith, "regret the decision? I believe not. I would rather see Great Britain blotted from the page of history than acquiesce in the triumph of force over freedom in Belgium. We must steel ourselves to talk in the spirit of our forefathers in the struggle against Napoleon's dominion. It would be criminal to under-estimate the magnitude of the forces against us, and equally indefensible to belittle our own resources. Belgium's glorious example has shown what a small State can do. "In France and Russia Britain has as allies two of the greatest Powers in the world. She has on the seas the strongest and most magnificent fleet ever seen. The Expeditionary Force has shown by its glorious achievements that its rdiysieal and moral qualities can ne'ver be surpassed. We rely on the Navy with absolute confidence to guard our shores and seal up the enemy's battleships in his own ports, whence he furtively steals to soav murderous snares, menacing neutral shipping more than the British Fleet. British ships have hunted the German mercantile marine from the seas, and kept our food supplies open. When the few remaining cruisers still at large are disposed of, British security will be as complete as in time of unbroken peace. "Our self-governing dominions throughout the Empire, without solicita-

tion, have demonstrated with a spontaneous unanimity unparalleled in history their determination to affirm their brotherhood with us, and make our cause their * own. Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, ami Newfoundland assert, not as an obligation, but as a privilege, their right and willingness to contribute money and material, and, better than all, the strength, sinews, fortunes, and lives of their best men. India has also claimed her share in the common task of every class and creed of the British nation. Princes and people, Hindus and Mohammedans, vie in noble rivalry. We Avelcome their association side by side and shoulder to shoulder with the Home and Dominions' troops, under the flag which is the symbol to all of a unity that a world in arms cannot dissever or dissolve. "Since Lord Kitchener issued his call [for recruits, between 250,000 and I 300,000 have responded, of whom London has contributed 42,000. We are watching the fluctuations of fortune in the early stages of a protracted struggle, and must learn to take long views and cultivate patience, endurance, and steadfastness. Let us realise that we are fighting as a united Empire in a cause worthy of the highest traditions of our race, and maintain an undefeated and unbroken front. "The younger Pitt, in this very hall, declared: 'England has saved herself by her exertion, and will, I trust, save Europe by her example.' England in those days secured the freedom of Europe. Let us go and do likewise."OTHER SPEAKERS. Mr Bonar Law said the key of peace and war was in Berlin. The Kaiser heed only have whispered "Peace," and there would have been no war, but he drew the sword, and we.were 'fighting for national existence, and the moral forces of humanity, for right against might. •■"•'. Mr Winston Churchill said Britain could rely with quiet confidence on the strength and efficiency of the Navy, which gave time and means to create the powerful military forces necessary before the Avar could be ended. "We have only to endure to conquer." The meeting was one of the most stirring in the city's history. There was an immense audience, and enormous crowds gathered outside. THROUGHOUT BRITAIN. SPORTSMEN FOR THE FRONT. NATIONALIST VOLUNTEERS ENLIST. . LONDON, September 5. The War Office is appealing for 250 motor drivers for motor ambulances at the front. ,; \> The Rugby Union, in deference to Lord Kitchener's appeal, has cancelled its International fixtures and County Championships. The police are daily investigating several hundred suspicious ■■ cases of Germans in London, and sending the men to a concentration camp. The Prize Court has opened. Mr Justice Evans ordered eight ...German vessels to be. confiscated. They; .were sold to Americans. / ' .'.'■' \ .'"'■' I' ' The Women's Fund for'the British Red Cross Hospital amounts to .oyer* £21,000. The Press Bureau requests wealthy residents to discontinue isolated encouragements in the form of money bounties for recruits, as they are likely to cause discontent aniong those enlisting where no bounties are given. ; The Admiralty has taken the Crystal Palace for naval purposes. The officers killed include Colonel the Hon. Frederick Lampton, D.5.0., of the Worcestershire Regiment, the Earl of Durham's twin brother. . Eight Hampshire County cricket professionals have enlisted in the Territorials, and eight Hampshire amateurs are at the front or have been accepted for service, including O. B. Fry and L. H. Tennyson. One hundred and fifteen Nationalist Volunteers at Fermoy enlisted for foreign service. The Prince of Wales's Fund amounts to £2,189,000, including £IOO,OOO from Glasgow. Licensed houses in London Avill close at eleven after Monday. The Trades Union Congress carried a resolution .in favour of conscription, if the volunteer system failed. The Archbishop of Canterbury declares it is incompatible with their position for. clergy to become combatants. The "Daily Chronicle" says the Deyons were magnificent in action. They fought with the real Devon spirit and tenacity. SERVIANS RECOUNT HORRORS. AUSTRIANS' BRUTAL TACTICS. VIOLATION AND MASSACRE. PARIS, September 5. The Nish correspondent of the "Journal" states that the Austrians bound together and shot eighty Servian prisoners at Shabatz, and bayoneted the bodies, saying that they were doing this for practice. Fourteen girls, the eldest only sixteen, were found decapitated, stretched in a row, on the bank of a stream. A hundred men were massacred at Lychnitza in sight of their wives and children. The Servian Press Bureau states that printed instructions were discovered regarding Austrians' behaviour towards Serbs. The instructions declare that Serbs are filled with violent hatred of Austrians, and therefore must not be treated with chivalry and humanity.

All combatants in Servia not Avearinj. uniform must be killed, and Austrians disobeying will be severely punished In the event of a shot being fired in a town, hostages must be executed. If the inhabitants fail to give information they must lie hanged. A MODERN POMPEII. devastation at louvain. burgesses' badly treated. LONDON, September 5. Newspapers publish whole columns describing' the way in which the burgesses of Louvain were thrust at the bayonet's point into filthy waggons which had been used to transport horses. The doors were.shut, and only fugitive rays of light filtered 'through chinks. The journey" in one case was to Cologne, and took fifty hours. The burgesses were without food or drink. They were marched through jeering crowds to the Exhibition Gardens in Cologne, men and women hurling vile epithets and shouting "Kill them!" ■Even children kicked the prisoners as they passed. They breakfasted next morning oiua small portion of black breads For some reason thej' were sent back to Belgium, and arrived ravenous. When they were released they ate turnips and beetroots in the fields. Refugees describe Louvain as a modern. Pompeii. GERMAN VANDALISM. HORRIBLE CRUELTIES AND MURDERS. FURTHER PROTESTS TO THE POWERS. OSTEND, September 5. The German Governor of Brussels is forcing the Civil Guards, though they are disarmed, to assist in the making of defence works. This is a fresh violation of international law r . I General Du Faur, in order to prevent the scarcity of food, is freeing Antwerp* of war refugees. They actually exceed the city's normal population. There is indications that German vandalism in other cities is deliberately intended to drive the inhabitants into Antwerp, the Germans hoping that later, in the event of a siege, the city will speedily capitulate from famine. I Meanwhile they have sought to demoralise the population of AntVerp by means of aircraft and bombs. ' i AMSTERDAM, September o. A telegram from Berlin states that the hotels in Namur have been converted into barracks. A whole square was burnt down, and the magnificent Town -Hall demolished. While the troops are guarding the bakeries from starving citizens, they are dependent on the vast stores of preserved food from the conquered forts. PARIS, September 6, France has made an additional protest to the Powers against Germany's numerous violations of international law, and has given details of-murders,-cruelties, and devastations. . . LONDON, September 4. It is reported that Germans, after being allowed to bring wounded into Douai, fired a volley upon three hundred British stretcher bearers. JAPANESE LAND TROOPS. WAR IN THE FAR EAST. A PROCLAMATION BY CHINA. PEKING, September 5. Two thousand Japanese have landed at. Ling-Kaii, Peking. China, following the precedent in the Russo-Japanese War, declares that at such points within Ling-Kau and Lau-Chau and the neighbourhood of KiaO-Chau bay, as are necessary a"s a passage for the belligerents' troops, she cannot be responsible for her obligations of strict neutrality, but' the belligerents must respect Chinese rights and private property.The declaration permits Japan to use the main roads to send an army to the rear of Tsing-tau. - WILL TURKEY GO TO WAR? ASSURANCE FROM ALLIES' AMBASSADORS. THE SYMPATHIES OF BULGARIA. CONSTANTINOPLE, September 5. The Russian, French, and English Ambassadors have renewed their assurance that Turkey's independence and integrity will be maintained against allcomers if Turkey observes strict neutrality. The. German crews are still aboard the Goeben and Breslau. ; NEW YORK, September 5. American impressions of Turkey's preparations are reflected in a "New York World" cartoon. The Sultan is grinding a scimitar and saying: "I, too, must do something for culture." SOFIA, September 4. It is officially denied that King Ferdinand's reply expressed sympathy with Hungary. The incident has resulted in the recall of the Bulgarian Consul at Budapest. THE AMBASSADOR'S "VICTORIES." AMERICANS GETTING TIRED. INFRINGEMENT OF NEUTRALITY. WASHINGTON, September 5. - Count Bcrnstorff announces the capture of ninety thousand Russians, all northern ports of France, and the complete retreat of the Russians from the Austrian borderj a German cavalry

raid to the walls of Paris, a great vie tory near Paris, and the retreat of th< French and Belgian armies. Even American newspapers now openly confess disbelief of all statements issuing from German sources. Count Bernstorff stated that he had proofs that British cruisers, were communicating with the British Consulate via wireless, whereby they infringed American neutrality. He also said they infringed neutrality by securing supplies of coal. Mr Courtenay Bennett, the British Consul at New York, refused to take any notice of Count Bernstorff \s statement. AU REVOIR. THE CITIZENS' SEND-OFF. THE TROOPS ENTERTAINED. The citizens' send-off on Saturday evening to the Canterbury Contingent of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force was attended by a'crowd that, swelled by the 1600 guests present, quite filled the King Edward Barracks. The Mayor (Mr H. Holland) presided, and among those present were: The Prime Minister (Right Hon. W. F. Massey), Sir Joseph Ward (leader of the Opposition), the Hon. R. H. Rhodes, Bishop Julius, his Honour Mr Justice Denniston, Colonel Chaffey (Officer Commanding the Canterbury Military District), Colonel Smith (in command of the, Addington camp), local members of Parliament, public meiij and officers of the contingent. • . :■• . ' . ' ~ ■ The function proved highly enjoyable and successful, and was marked throughout By the warmest enthusiasm. During the evening addresses were delivered by Mr Massey and Sir Joseph Ward, and the citizens' flag was presented by the Mayor to the contingent. Musical items were contributed by the Woolston Band, the Christehureh Liedertafel, Mr H. McD. Vincent, M. A. Millar, Mr T. Charters, and the Contingent Band. THE FLAG PRESENTED. In presenting the citizens' flag to Colonel Chaffey, the Mayor said the flag had a history connected with it. There had been a friendly contest for the flag between 1 the Christehureh people and a representative of Scotland. In the first engagement Scotland had'won, .but in, the second Christehureh had brought up reinforcements, and their victory was assured. He hoped the troops would treasure the flag and honour it, and in their conduct would always remember it. The flag represented the nation that had gone to war to uphold its honour, and the men present were going to the front to uphold the honour of the greatest nation that ever was. Although the news, so far, had not been so inspiring as we would have liked, he had not the slightest doubt as to what the result would be.. He asked them to remember the splendid advice given by the General: "Keep healthy, keep yourselves fit, and remember you are going to fight on a friendly soil." When the flag was hauled down in Germany, he hoped they would be there. (Applause.) "I hope you will come back crowned with glory," said Mr Holland. Remember the strength of a chain is equal to its weakest link, and I am sure there is not one man here who is going to be the weak link.." Amid, enthusiastic applause Mr Holland; then handed the flag to Colonel Chaffey,.who hioved it above his head while : those'; present cheered. Colonel Chaffey, in acknowledging the gift, said he felt very highly honoured in receiving the flag on behalf of the Expeditionary Force. As regarded the names written upon it, the flag was absolutely "unique. He hoped it would always be in some place where the public could see it. He hoped they would, in the coming years, be able to look back on the name of General Godley,; and recollect with' pride that he: had led the New Zealand troops to victory in this, the greatest of air wars. Colonel Chaffey then handed the flag on to a squad representing the various branches of the troops in camp. As the squad marched off with the flag in their possession, loud cheers were given for General Godley. MR MASSEY'S ADDRESS. Mr Massey, who was received with prolonged applause and cheering, expressed pleasure at being present. The young men from the Canterbury and surrounding districts who were going to the other side of the world, he said, were going to defend the Empire and tine race, and he had not the slightest doubt they would .'do credit to their districts, and would do good service for the Empire.. It was quite.evident now that the people of New Zealand recognised how serious "was the war in which we were engaged. As someone else had remarked, the South African war was a picnic compared with w T hat was going on now. This was a fight for very existence, for the Empire and for life. This was not a time for vain boasting or for high-falutin' language. It was a time for strength and determination to see this war through to the, end, and to a successful issue, however long it might last,-and whatever ,the cost. We might congratulate ourselves upon the fact that the British troops at the front had done well. (Applause.) They had been a credit to the Empire. It had been proved that the British soldiers and sailors were as good men as their ancestors of 100 years ago—the men who fought at Waterloo, at Trafalgar, and 1 the men who fought on the Continent in past centuries. They were worthy scions of the old stock, and our men were going to do as well now as in the past. It was the time for bringing to the front those qualities characteristic of the British race. Its bulldog tenacity and determination were going to save it, and were going to take it to victory. The Kaiser had already had a sample of the endurance and tenacity of the British race, and would have many such samples before the war came to an end. Time was fighting for the British, for every week brought reinforcements from the younger nations to the assistance of the Empire. All were rushing to the assistance of the grey old mother. Never had the world seen such a spectacle as was presented at the present time. All local differences had been forgotten, and all that w r as remembered was that Ave were members of one great Imperial family, and that the Mother Country required our assistance. This was the feeling right through the Empire- to-day, and this was the feeling, he was pleased to say, that especially existed in New Zealand. The people of New Zealand had risen to t%e occasion, and he was proud to be able to say it. TUMBLING OYER EACH OTHER, It was one month ago since war was declared,, and it became their duty as a Government to call for volunteers, giving preference to Territorials. To

I'use language everybody understood; the j young men of this ■■country." had been J tumbling over each.other in their desire jto fight for the Empire, They did not j ask where they were going, or what they were going to be paid, or how they were' going to be fed, or when they were coming back. They just went* ami they .were coming back victorious, or theywere not coining back at all. (Applause.) That was the spirit of the young New Zealanders of to-day. For men like himself, who had to stay at j home, they would not l>3 behinl hand. If they could not be soldiers, they .were j willing and anxious to take their part |as civilians. Requests were being made I to them to contribute towards the exi pense of the Expeditionary Force, or for bther objects of a philanthropic nature such as preventing hardship in New Zealand, in Britain, or j»i Belgium. We were living in strenuous times, but the 1 events of the last few weeks had made life-worth living. They had jna'de one ])roud to say lie was "a British citizen, and proud to say he was a citizen of New Zealand. War was a dreadful' thing, but it was not always an unmixed evil. It had brought the different parts of the Empire together. This war would clear the political atmosphere,-and he believed it would be succeeded by many years of peace, prosperity, and enlig-ht-enment such as the world hail ne rer seen. BLOODLESS BUT DANGEROUS. "I want to remind you," said Mr Massey, '' of the bloodless victory of the first section of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force. Do not imagine that the members of that Force ran no risk, and incurred no danger. They incurred the very greatest danger, and if it had not been for the assistance of the Australian Navy and the navy of one of our Allies, in all probability the first section of the Expeditionary Force would never have been allowed to reach Samoa. (Applause.) Someday the history of what has taken place will be written, and then you will .understand what lam telling you.'' Samoa | j had always had an interest for New Zealanders ever since the natives ex- j | pressed a wish to come under British rule, arid since the time when the Calliope steamed out in the teeth of a hurricane while three American and German vessels met disaster. The British flag had gone out on this occasion, but it had now gone back to stay. He j vvanted them to remember that the; first soldiers of the Empire to haul j down the German flag and replace -it Avith the British flag were our own fellow citizens of New Zealand. It was a good omen. He had not the very slightest doubt as to the ultimate result of the war. War had been declared on the otli of last month. On the fourteenth of last month ? nine days afterwards, the first ships .sailed out of Wellington with 1400 men" on board, going out as they thought to fight^for their King and country. Before ijie end o£ the month they had altered tli% map of the world, and Samoa had become British territory. A very great deal of credit was due for. the organisation of the forces to the Hon. J. Allen, to

General Godley, and to members of thestaff. He wanted to tell them that if any injustice had been done or- any hardships inflicted, it would be the duty of the Government of New Zealand toput it right, and they would put it right as far as they possibly could. IN A FEW DAYS. "And-now,'- 7 -said Mr Massey,.-*-'let me speak to .you, soldiers of the' King r i members of the Canterbury section of i the Expeditionary Foree. You are I going in a few days to fight for your j King and country, to fight for the EmIpire, and to fight for the .grand'old, fl£g. I That we are proud of you goes without | saying. I have not the" sligMest doubt you will do credit to the old pioneers of Canterbury. When you volunteered for active service at the front, knowing the dangers and hardships you will encounter, we were proud of you, but wc will be prouder still when we know you. have struck, and struck hard for liberty against tyranny, despotism and oppression. I have only a. very few more words to say to youj but I would like to remind yiou of. this advice:-^- ' Trust in God, and do the right, quit you like men;. be. strong, be not afraid,, be riot dismayed.' " , Before they went away, said Mr Massey, he was sure Canterbury would give them a send-off worthy of the occasion. Our pleasure was tinged with regret at their departure./- Our hearts iwould go with them, and when they caine back victorious then they would be-given a welcome to which this was nothing. Mr Massey concluded by quoting from Kipling's poem, "Lest We Forget." ;'i\- . ,;■ SIR JOSEPH WARD. Enthusiastic cheering and applause greeted Sir Joseph Ward when he stepped on the platform. "This is a very proud occasion for me," he said, "it isa very proud occasion for every man,.

-woman and child who is able to understand what is going on, when one sees a' gathering of men, the cream of the yo iig men of this country, ready to go ami do-battle for the Empire. And we do feel proud of the men who are ready to go, and of the country that is honoured bv, having these men "who are ready to follow in the footsteps of their fathers in.defending the name and fame of, the British Empire. There is one feeling throughout the Empire to-day. That is a feeling that every man who is called to arms is prepared to see those arms are "carried to victory, and among the British soldiers who are taking their part, the brave and stal--wart'sons of New, Zealand are ready to lelp in. preserving'and maintaining the freedom and independence of that proud old flag that their aneesters fought ior, bled for, died for, for the purpose of handing that heritage down to their successors. /That day he had had an opportunity of seeing assembled the troops that were going from this portion of the country, and he had no hesitation in confessing that it touched his Jieart when he thought of the great selfsacrifice that they were making in the ' interests of their"country. (Applause.) He had rememberer as he looked upon them that sons were leaving parents, that husbands were leaving devoted ■wives and young children, and that young men in many cases were, leaving their" fiiancees and sweethearts, and many men were giving up permanent - and in many cases lucrative positions, and that they were doing it all because they were determined to take their - .part in seeing that proud old.flag continuing to wave over all portions of the British Empire. (Applause.) It was fitting that Canterbury should be proud that General Godley was leading the troops, and lie felt proud to be the one who was responsible for General Godley's appointment. (Applause.) Remembering the fact that he was the nephew of J. R. Godley, who was-Can-terbury's founder, Canterbury should be proud that he was to take charge of the first men from this country who had gone to do battle upon foreign shores. It was fitting that that should be remembered. (Applause.) FROM OVERSEAS. Think for a moment, said Sir Joseph • -what the feelings of the people in the Old Country must be about the younger '-'' .countries. " There had never been anything in the history of the world to compare with what would take place in the Old Country before long. Troopships from -thousands of miles across ■ the sea would be going there Avith men to help the Motherland. This v.as a • war of justice, a war based upon all that wc valued in this world, and war for the maintenance and recognition of the signature of Britain to. a document. —-—lt was a war tliat was going to make Britain and the Overseas Dominions greater tlian they ever were before. He would like to remind'them how l history, repeated itself.'"' It was hot so many years ago that Britain was sending troops to New Zealand to fight the N Maoris, and to-day our Maori brethren in this country were anxious to go over the sens and stand up beside their white friends to stop a powerful and un* eerupulous foe. There must be. vicissitudes in a war—there must be defeats from time to time—and we must be prepared for them. We recognised the magnificent work the first Expedition- , ary Force had done in helping to plant the British flag on the- shores of Samoa. All New Zealand was proud of it. We were also proud of the fact that the old British Navy had German navy up, and immediately they had poked their noses out, had succeeded in giving them of the old-bulldog pluck. _ -We remembered that we had noi only placed the flag in Samoa, but "" in the initial naval engagement* in the North Sea, New Zealand's ship, H.M.S.

glory on the name of New Zealand. They will help Lord Kitchener and General Godley and General French, and I am sure they will bring back some of the conquered flags, and, at all events, we are entitled to expect them to bring back a'little bit of the Kaiser. (Laughter.) As far as New Zealanders are concerned,. we are one in our anxious, earnest, honest desire to see the New Zealanders successfr.l.' 1 have, not "the slightest doubt about the final Ussue of the war. I still believe that it is not going to be a long war—l am still optimistic. I cannot believe that Germauy can withstand the economic forces working against her, and she certainly cannot withstand for long the courage and the pluck of the British forces from all parts of the Empire." (Applause.) " BRITAIN 'S LATENT POWER. Mr J. J. Dougall said Germany might be very mighty, but , Britain was mightier still, because she ruled the seven seas, and no nation could possibly travel oyer the. world except by the permission of the British Navy. ,It was the mosquitoes of the British Fleet that had poked their noses in where ae German Navy was biding, and destroyed its serenit}'. Britain had aiot yet begun to fight. Her latent power would be felt in the months to come, and when that came Germany would not able to prevent ua from obtaining the ultimate victory. He urged the troops to write home whenever they got the opportunity. '' May you fight the good fight," he said, "and God steel your hearts to victory." (Applause.) The function concluded with the playing of the National Anthem. Members of the old Highland Rifle;?, in uniform, acted as orderlies, out of respect to Colonel Stewart, who commanded them up to the time of the coming into force of the Defence Act. - AMBULANCE EQUIPMENT. BIBLE-IN-STATE-SCHOOLS FUND. CANTERBURY AND WEST COAST CENTRE. The electoral organiser of the Canterbury and Westland Centre of the Bible-iii-State-Schools League has received the following additional donations since August 31-: — Per Miss-Prankish, 5/-; per Mrs Hope, 9/6; per Mrs N. Cooper /second amount), 4/6; . "Mothers," per\ Sister Edith, £1 11/-; Hinds Branch, per Mr Isaac Aicken, £1 10/-; Southbridge Branch, per Mrs'N. Thompson, Southbridge, £1 14/6; per Mrs Stringer, Lakeside, £1 6/6; Kirwee branch, per Mrs A. H. Joseph and Mr J. Nl Lawrey, £l*l/-; Mrs M. Lewin, £1; J. C. Adams, 16/-; per Miss Gladys Ellis, Temuka, £1 4/-; per Miss Greaves, Temuka, £1 3/-; per Mr Adam Crawford, Temuka, £2 7/-; per Mr D. B. Muir, Temuka, 7/-; per Mr Gordon Hancox, .5/-; per Mrs F. B. Redgrave —Mrs F. Morrish, 5/-; Mrs Redgrave, 10/-; Mrs Birch," 3/6; Mr Rest-all. 10/-; Mrs Shaw, 10/-; Mrs .Campbell, 5/-; Mr .F. Morrish, £2 2/-; Mr Bartram, 5/-; Mrs Hunn, 2/-; Mrs Alexander, 10/-; Mrs Gray, 2/-; Mr Oddy, 5/-; Mrs Rennie, 5/-; Mrs R. Morrish, 5/-; Miss R. Hay, 5/-; boxes - in church, £2; Mrs Crump, 5/-; Mr G. White,-5/-; Mr T: Vogan, ,5/-; E.G., 2/6; per Mrs Lewington—Mr C. Andrew, £1; Mr Mawer, 10/-; Mr Rousham, 5/-; Misses Yarr, 5/-; Mr W. 0. Smith, 5/-; Mrs J. Kimber, 10/-; Misses Kimber, 13/6; Mr A. R. Kimber, 10/-; Mr W. Kimber, 5/-; Mr Hunter, 2/6; A.D., 2/6; Mr A. Hulston, 5/-; Mr S. A. Lewington, 6/6; Kaiapoi Branch, per Miss Blaekwell, 10/-. LETTERS TO THE TROOPS. HOW TO ADDRESS THEM. The military authorities request pub-