WAR’S CARNAGE.

Southland Times, Issue 17965, 5 March 1917, Page 4

WAR’S CARNAGE.

From time to time estimates are made of the losses suffered by the armies engaged in this great war. In all these estimates there is a large element of doubt and uncertainty. Among the belligerents Britain stands alone in publishing exact and complete details of her losses, Britain’s figures are full and exact, and her casualties are known to the last man. Germany and Russia also publish figures, but they are not exact. The inaccuracy of the German casualty lists has been proved repeatedly, and the Russian lists are “documents which permit only more or less approximate values.” The other belligerent countries publish ho information at all, and information with respect to their losses has to be gleaned from any source that may be available; in the case of Prance, for instance, from such speeches as that which M. Albert Favre w r as permitted to make in the French Parliament a few wrecks ago. M. Favre was not allowed to give exact figures, but he gave proportions from which figures could be calculated. He said that France had mobilised one man in six while Britain, with respect to her adult male population, had put one man in ten into the army, Italy one in eleven,.and Russia one man in twenty. As regards losses M. Favre said that France’s losses had been three times as great as those of Italy and England. There exists in Copenhagen a “Society for the Study of the Consequences of the War.” ’ The members of this Society ransack all accessible sources of information and their estimates and calculations are just as reliable as any can be. This Society recently issued its second Bulletin. The Bulletin explains the method of re search followed, and shows that to avoid the danger of registering exaggerated totals the minimum estimate is always taken. This body, as the result of laborious research and careful scientific calculation, gives the losses of the belligerents up to December 31st, 1916, as follows;

Thus upwards of 6,000,000 men have been cut off in their prime; they have gone down in the vigour of their years, and all the promise of achievement which their lives contained has been lost. Over 4,000,000 stalwart men have been left by the war crippled, maimed and disfigured—mere wrecks of men. Such is the harvest of two years and four months of the war which the Hun brought upon the world.

ANSWER TO A CORRESPONDENT. INQUISITIVE.”—(I) We have only th« cable to go upon, and as it hAS not been contradicted presumably it waa correct: (2) it is difficult to say at present exactly what interest the Imperial loan will yield; (3) no such regulation as you suggest "was made, (4) and (5) there are no penal tie* and therefore no liability; (6) a matter of opinion. We should say No. Ed. S.T.

A serious accident happened to Mr James McKinnell at Waikaia on Wednesday while driving a load of coal to his home, says the Ensign. Mr McKinnell was seated ’on the load, when a lump of coal slipped and he fell off tho dray, a wheel of which passed over him and'fractured his left thigh. Mr McKinnell was brought to the Gore Hospital and is progressing as well as can bo expected.

We have received from Mr J. T. Praia, secretary of the Southland Branch of the jNavy League, a statement of receipts and expenditure in connection with the Naval Heroes Fund. Tho amount raised in Southland was £5284 2/4. The expenses were trivial, amounting in all to £1 15/6, and the balance, £5282 6/10, was remitted to London in a number of drafts, all of which have been acknowledged with gratitude.

Mr G. A. Lamb, secretary of the South Island Dairy Association, is in receipt of information concerning the allotments of cheese and butter for Dunedin and Bluff by vessels arriving early this month. The Dunedin allotment is 7500 crates of cheese and 3000 boxes of butter to be shipped by two boats, and Bluff has been allotted 2500 crates of cheese, for which three boats ant available.

Speaking at a smoke concert in Masterton, Mr G. R. Sykes, M.P., stated that there was a number of people in the district who appeared to have no knowledge that a world-wide war was in progress. He predicted that within the next six months such restrictions would he placed upon these people as to compel them to realise the fact. In his opinion the Government should place a restriction upon the importation to Xew Zealand of silks, furs, and the unlimited supplies of motor cars that are reaching tho country. He considered that when the next session of Parliament arrived drastic regulations would be framed in this direction.

The Auckland iity quota for the Twenty-ninth Reinforcements is seven-ty-seven men short.

Entries are now being received for the Riverton Horticultural Society’s grand exhibition of flowers, etc., to be held on Wednesday and Thursday next.

The net amount remitted from the Southland district in connection with "Our .Naval Heroes Fund” was £;>3S--6/10. The balance sheet, finally audited, has been issued by Mr G. Featherstone.

The Riverton Harbour Board have sold their Priestman dredge to the Patea Harbour Board for £3500, at the Riverton wharf. Their tender was £3OOO, but after negotiations the Board were successful in getting the Patea Board to raise it another £SOO,

That defendant considered that he was honestly entitled to the goods removed, was the Magistrate’s opinion in the theft case Hillis (Mr Haggltt) v. Harvey (Air Eric Russell) heard on Friday, and in whicfi decision was delivered on Saturday morning. Mr Cruickshank therefore dismissed the information.

Harvesting operations in Waiau and Orepuki districts are now well advanced; most of the cutting has been done, and within a fortnight all should have been led in if the weather had kept right, hut the recent heavy showers would certainly not do any good to what is standing Ul Btook. —Orepuki Advocate.

The weigtit-guessing competition for the four-tooth wether donated by Mr J. C. Milliken, Mataura, at the recent show resulted in a tie between Mrs A. Anderson and Air (.ieorgo Uarclay, whoso respective guesses were 6S'}.;lb and 69 lb. The exact weight of the sheep was 691b. There were 160 guesses made which ranged from 32 Vs 11> to 1301b.

The demand for stock continues to be very keen in Southland, anti stock agents are extremely busy at present endeavouring to cater for clients' requirements. Store sheep in consequence advanced further on Saturday, and are from 1/- to 1/6 per head dearer. Store cattle are also In keen demand and prices have a hardening tendency.

Edward Hogan, aged 14, employed by Messrs J. Kingsland and Co. in their boot factory in Tay street, met with a nasty accident while at his work on Friday. It appears that the boy was passing a rolling machine, which happened at that time to be operating. The machinist was stooping as the boy passed him, and straightening suddenly, he bumped him on 'to the machine, where the rollers caught his coat and dragged in his left arm. The forearm was painfully crushed, but the bones were not broken. Enquiry at the hospital reported him to be making satisfactory progress, although he will probably not be lit to resume work for some months.

The garden fete to bo held next Wednesday in the grounds of Mr A. F. Hawke, Duke street, Gladstone, in aid of the Y.W.C.A., promises to be a great success. Home-made cakes, sweets, bread, etc., will be available on the well furnished stalls, and other enticing goods, which should prove irresistible to those who delight in home-made dainties. An attractive musical programme will be rendered during the afternoon, and, if the weather proves propitious, the whole af&lr should prove most enjoyable. Should the day be wet, the goods will be disposed of in the Y.W.C.A. rooms, Hallenstein’s Buildings, Esk street.

When the New Zealand Army was In the fighting In the Somme battles, the men had not many home comforts. Here is a Wellington* soldier's account of how he contrived to wash his face. ‘‘Water is scarce there. It has to be carried from away back. It Is not only In the trenches but behind as well that the shortage exists. The usual wash, once every few days, is to rub one’s face over with a shaving brush after you have been lucky enough to get sufficient water for washing in. The only proper wash I had at the Somme was one day after a shower of rain. One of the chaps managed to transfer some water out of a puddle into a tin. About a dozen of ue washed In that. I was about sixth!”

The Christchurch correspondent of Dunedin Star wired on Saturday:—A late departure, bad weather, bad coal, and trouble with some of the firemen were responsible for the Maori failing to connect with the first express, and she did not berth till 7.45 a.m. Seeing that over 100 soldiers were aboard for final leave, many of whom were anxious to visit relatives in Southland, It was hard lines to find that the first express had left 30 minutes before their arrival in town. Had the express been detained for half an hour these men would have had three days with their relatives. As it is they will reach their homes on Monday night, and must return on Tuesday morning, which is both costly and cruel under the circumstances.

A Gazette Extraordinary recently issued, and to which reference was made In our Saturday’s issue, contained the names of a number of Southlanders, who, it was said, could not be traced, and who, having been called up In the ballot, were requested to report themselves. Included in the list was that of "W. C. Gray.” It transpires that, when Mr Gray was drawn in the first ballot, he was an inmate of a private hospital in Invercargill. He later presented himself at the local defence office, and now' holds a permit for leave of absence ‘‘from 10 a.m., 12/1/17 until further orders.” Obviously, Mr Gray’s name should not have appeared in the list, and he is justifiably annoyed that such a thing should have occurred. It may be mentioned that Mr Gray has been on the sick list for many months past, and has never been away from Invercargill.

Acting on advice received a surprise Visit was paid to a liner berthed at the Victoria wharf about 9.45 on Friday Bight by members of the police force, comprising Chief Detective Bishop, De-tective-sergeant Kemp, Detectives Cameron, Hammerley, Hall, and Constables McCulloch, Archibald, Fairbanks, and Kelly, says the Otago Daily Times. Mr Galbraith, local manager of the New Zealand Shipping Company) and Mr McIntosh (Customs officer), with two asBistants, were also present. As the men engaged on the vessel completed their work they were marched into an •ffice on the wharf and systematically Bearched, with the result that two of number —Albert Marston and Peter Pougall—were apprehended on a charge •f having goods stolen from the vessel in their possession. They will be brought feefore the Police Court this morning. It Is understood that others are likely to fee Implicated.

In connection with the schools bottlefathering scheme promoted by the Southland Rugby Union, Mr G. W, Woods, who is a member of the executive of the Union, stated on Saturday that 30 feeer bottles provided sufficient for the Making of and the material for a suit of pyjamas, 20 for a hospital shirt, 14 for • night shirt, 24 for a pair of underpants, 19 for a bed jacket, 13 for a pair *f stockings, 20 for a scarf, 5 for a pair

•f mitts, 4 for a bandage, and 3 for a

hospital cap. Arrangements had been »iade with Mr W. N. Stirling to display the various bottles and their respective values in one of his windows. A friend bad given a cash donation in connection with the Walhopai school effort equal to 200 dozen bottles. Through the courtesy of the picture theatre managements, the Union would shortly take the opportunity of explaining the scheme in detail to the people of Invercargill. Mr Woods mentioned that all kinds of bottles should be collected, as arrangements had been made for their disposal, from the beer bottle to the ink and medicine bottles.

A meeting of farmers was recently held at Riversdale in order to protest against the calling up of farmers by the ballot, and it was decided to communicate with the Acting-Prime. Minister in the matter, says the Ensign, Mr Joseph Stephens Isas received the following reply from Sir James Allen:— "it is not possible for the Government to stop the calling up of farmers by the ballot, but you know that the military service boards have been set up to hear appeals either on the ground of undue hardship or because it is against the public interest that the man balloted for should go. The farmer, therefore, should appeal if he thinks the calling up of any individual is the cause of undue harpship or is against the public interest. 1 am well aware of the difficult situation and am as anxious as anybody to see the farming industry conserved and the farms maintained. I note that a committee was formed, ami f suggest to you that you should got into touch with Mr W. 1). Hunt, member of the Industrial Efficiency Board for the Otago and Southland District. This Board has been set up to deal with the question of soldiers’ farms, organisation of labour, to consider possible new industries, etc. The Defence Department has encouraged local committees to give evidence to the military service boards, and X shall be glad if you will take eteps to act when it seems to you necessary.”

A Press Association message from Wellington states:—The total amount of the proceeds of a sale by auction of sledges, other gear, and stores in connection with the Shackleton expedition was approximately £4OO.

War economy is actively practised in the training camp at Featherston. As tlie men of eacli new reinforcement draft enter the camp they are informed of orders requiring that all the wire on hay or straw bales must be removed intact and returned to the supply depot; that when tea is issued in lead-lined cases, the lead must be collected and returned, and that coffee tins must also be handed in when empty. Failure to comply with these orders results in the unit concerned being charged with the value of the material deficient.

There were a good many farmers in town on Saturday seeking to dispose of their ryegrass. Two sales were made at 5/6. the parcels being owned by Messrs J. and Patrick Kean, of South Pi illend. Botli were exceptionally heavy samples, and very clean. Other lines sold at from 4/6 to 5/2. There was not a great deni of oats offering, very little of the new season’s lines being threshed so far. What new oats have been shown are sound and hard, but badly discoloured, and bright samples wlil be at a premium this season. One or two lines of new oats changed hands at 3/-, on trucks, and a bright line of last season S oats made rather higher money.

A splendid range of the famous Viyella Flannels has’ been opened up at THOMSON & BEAT-TIE’S. The patterns include one suitable for Blouses, Shirts, or Pyjamas in Stripes, Khaki, and Creme- Price, 3/3 per yard. A cold neglected in Summer becomes a serious menace in Winter. Shake it off right away with "NAZOL.” Sixty doses in every bottle, 1/6.

Boys’ Clothing at bargain prices;— 24 Boys’ Sport Suits, usual price 17/6, 19/6, till one bargain price, 13/6. J»0 Boys Sport Suits, usual price 20/-, 27/6, 30/-, all one bargain price, 22/6. All our very superior quality Suits at 25/-, ask to see these. 500 pairs Boys’ Odd Trousers, bargain prices, 1/11, 2/11, 3/11, 4/8, 5/6, all sizes. 100 dozen Boys' Shirts, all sizes, with collars and bands, made on the premises, all one price, 1/11. e are confident these will please. 100 dozen Boys’ and Girls' Wool Hose, plain and Golf Tops, bargain prices, 1/H. -/•*. Many other exceptional offerings at H. & J. SMITH'S Prompt Service Store. x THE best friend of the family is "NAZOL.” Simple and pleasant to take. Safest and quickest in relief. Try the "Nazol” Inhaler.

MATHESOXS, LTD,, stock the genuine "No Rubbing” Laundry Help. 1/- Packets with "Thinkers” Notebook free. Don t be humbugged with mere imitations. All British, new Tweed Hats, Caps, Neckwear, Shirts, etc.— UNDRILL S, opp. Post Office.

Beautifully clem clothes without rubbing. "Easy Monday’’ Laundry Help does* it. Packets, 1 /-: does eight weekly v xshlngs.

Having in view the not far distant dates on which the Easter Holidays fall, Messrs PRICE & BULLEID, Ltd., Tay street, have "got off the mark” in good time with their new Autumn and Winter stocks of Millinery and Dress goods to ensure special orders being executed in either tire Millinery or Dressmaking workrooms in ample time. Having thoroughly qualified experts in charge of tffese two departments, customers may rely on perfect satisfaction ©very time, combined with prompt delivery and, what Is of great importance, a moderate charge. Anticipating heavy bookings for Esister trade, intending customers would be well advised to look into the Costume or Millinery question at an early date to ensure delivery, as Messrs Price & Bulleid. Ltd., only book orders that a,re sure to be finished by the date promised.

ARE Vou coughing and sneezing? Feel feverish and ill? Have you got It badly In the nose and throat “NAZOL” will put you straight in no time. Simply sleep, boil, rinse; don’t rub. Use "Easy Monday’’ Laundry Help. Clothes spotless. 1/- packet lasts eight weeks. Grocers. Groceries. —You can purchase groceries at wonderfully low rates for ready money at BAXTER’S, it is well known the quality of Baxter’s Groceries is first grade, and the prices show a great saving over the usual prices charged for credit. x “Experience teaches - .”—'TofinysoA.

Benefit by the experience of others and get a bottle of that highly-praised remedy, Baxter's Lung Preserver. Every year thousands of people find it a splendid cure for coughs, colds and sore throats. It preserves the health of the lungs, and thus prevents the distressing complaints that are so common during changeable weather. Pleasant to take. Good for young and old. You can put your trust in the tried and proved remedy, "Baxter's.” Big bottles 1/10, all chemists and stores. Sheets, table-cloth*, everytnlng In the washing made spotless without rubbing by using "Easy Monday’’ Laundry Help.

The largest anfl most up-to-dats Garage in the Dominion is now being constructed for Messrs G. W. WOODS AND CO. on the same site as their old premises. In the meantime the Garage is in Levan Street, and the Offices upstairs in the Federal Buildings. Full stocks of cars and accessories are now on hand. x

PEOPLE from every part of New Zealand speak in the highest terms of “NAZOL” as a remedy for colds, coughs, and nasal catarrh. It relieves and cures more quickly than anything else. Price, 1/ 11-

Xfie summer holidays are approaching and many people will be arranging for the vacation tha; they have so well earned. Holidays are necessary in the best of times, and they are all the more necessary in these days when those who are not fighting are shouldering extra burdens. The utmost effort of the Empire’s manhood and womanhood is called upon, and .it is essential that everybody should keep absolutely fit. There must be hundreds, in fact thousands, In Southland for whom a Change is essential, and these will be interested in bags and trunks ic which to carry their belongings. A little good advice may not be out of place. There are bags and bags. You can buy a suit case, : a Gladstone bag, a kit bag, or a brief bag, that will last one journey, or, for a few shillings more you can buy a real leather article that will last for years. Which Is the better bargain? is any argument needed? Go to Ritchie and Co., street, where you can buy guaranteed real leather bags, and where you will have the biggest selection In Southland to choose from. You run no risk. You get an absolute guarantee—and you will get satisfaction. You will also get better value, because Ritchie and Co. are 'argo buyers and can sell on a small margin. WANTED —a few good inhalations of “NAZOL” will quickly clear away Nasal Catarrh. 1/6 buys SO doses.

SYNOPSIS NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.

On page 1— Wanted, hoy*. Wanted, girl. Wanted, farm. Wanted, yardman. Wanted, motor car. For sale, steel rails. Wanted, hauler-driver. Wanted, mercery hand. Wanted, married couples. For sale, clothing and mercery stock. Tenders called for municipal supplies. Try “Drinko” for the drink habit. Visit Alex. Rodle’s half price sale. On Page 2. Winter wear for all at the Exhibition, Tay street. W. Lewis and Co. specialise in dressmaking. On page 3 Albion 1 ictures at 2 and 7. Grand Pictures at 2 and 7. Popular Pictures at 2 and 7. "Sketches of Anzac” In aid of Returned Soldiers’ Fund, to-night. J’arade of Roy Scouts to-njorrow at 7.20 p.m. Riverton Horticultural Society’s Show on 7th and Bth March, Opening of stag shooting season, 15th March. On page 4 Buy all British apparel at UndrlU’s, opp. post office. On page 0— Clearing sale at Wallacetown, Friday, March 16th. Sale at Seaward Bush, Wednesday, March 7. Fruit and other special bargains at McKay Bros.’ Exchange Mart this week.

Austria-Hungary Belgium '• Dead. 837,750 58,000 29,500 Disabled for life. 621,500 38,500 21,000 Great Britain .. .. 239,160 932,500 180,500 740,000 Germany Italy .. Serbia (Montenegro) Turkey 1,430,000 122,500 1,747,650 118,000 116,650 1,039,000 86,250 1,222,500 14,006 122,500 Totals 5,731,710 4,085,750