NOTES AND QUERIES.

Otago Witness, Issue 3085, 30 April 1913, Page 47

NOTES AND QUERIES.

Questions for reply in coming Issue to b« received not later than BAXXJRDAY night. Countryman' wishes to know—(l) The meaning of Wairuna, Waipahi, and Waiwera. (2) Is military training compulsory in Tasmania? (3) Which has the healthiest climate, British Columbia or Nova Scotia ? and which offers the best prospects to fruit and poultry farmers? —“(f) Mf • H. S. Roberts Ln his Maori Nomenclature states that Wairuna means Dock Water; Waipahi, Gloomy Water; Waiwera, Hot Water (it should really be Wai-whero, Red Water). (2) Military training is compulsory in all the States of the Commonwealth. (3) We have not the information which would enable us to make a comparison of the vital statistics. Wc should think British Columbia offers the better prospects. Country.— The Agricultural Department and all employed, such as rabbit inspectors, etc., are under the public service regulations recently published. Barleycorn asks: —“Is there a barley grown which is the size and shape of wheat, is red-purple in colour and which is absolutely free of husk when thrashed? This barley rubs out in the hand as freely as wheat does?” Seedsmen consulted admit they have not seen a barley euch as described—that rubs out in the l and as • freely as wheat does. Cowjumreh. —Mr H. C. Chittock, aikoikoi, kindly replies:—To prevent a cow jumping, tie her head to her foreleg with a rope; or —and a better plan—put a strong leather halter on the cow s head, with a strong ring under the jaw. Then put a surcingle round the cow juat behind the shoulder, with a ring under the brisket; then take a piece of I'ght plough chain, with a spring hook ui one end and a U ring in the other. Run the chain through the ring under the brisket spring, the hook into the ring in the halter. Take a strap and put through the D ring, and buckle round the cow’s hind leg between the hock and fetlock. This is a good device to put on a bull or stallion when not required for service. Have the chain long enough so that the cow can stand in a comfortable position. Chaff in a Cow’s Eye.— Mr Chittock writes: —To remove chaff in a cow’s eye put nothing in the eye to remove the chaff. Take a straw —a rush is a good tiling, or a piece of snowgrass, or a hairpencil. If you 'nave not got the latter, cut a piece of hair off your horse's tail and wind a thread round it. Dip in thin oil; take the cow by the nose, draw her head across a rail or the division of the stall, wipe the scum oil the eye with Hie hair-pencil; then take a sharp knife and cut the rush or straw at one end the shape of a very fine pen. Hold the cow tight by the nose, watch your chance, and slip the fine point of the straw under the chaff and lift off the eye. Then leave the rest to Nature, and I don’t fear the result. I have removed dozens of pieces of chaff in this way. A. H. —Martinelli, 264 ffeorge street, Dunedin. repair broken china and rivet it. J. H., Bendigo.—Air H. M. Davey, consulting engineer, replies : —Your statement roads that your conditions are: a full or head of 600 ft and a pipe-line of about 2000 ft in length. Why I am not sure of this, and therefore would like to know if I am right in the alwvo figures, is that you say “from top of the hill," and that seems hardly the place to get the water from usually. So. if you have a full of 6Ooft and a nozzle of lin in internal diameter you would use a full head of water With a Ijin nozzle you would use about heads; with a Ijin nozzle 2j heads. With a lijin nozzle fully 3 heads, and with a 2in nozzle you would use rather over 4 heads. Roughly, a nozzle half the diameter of another, under similar conditions, uses slightly less than quarter the wafer; and, vice versa, a nozzle twice the diameter of another usee slightly over four times the water. As to the smallest possible nozzle, one would need to know the class of ground and size of stones to bo lifted before even an Idea

could be given. I may add that the size of pipe-line may bo more, but should not be less, than as follows: —For 1 bead, Tin; for 1| heads, 9in; for fully 3 heads. 13in; and for 4| heads, 15in. R. J., Queenstown. —.Mr H. M. Davoy replies:—lt certainly docs scorn rather cunout that an inch of rain water or other water should be as heavy as 100 tons, over each acre; but it is so. Aou w ill find that there are 43.560 square feet to an acre, and so there would be onetwelfth of that number of cubic feet in an inch thick to each acre, which is equal to 3630. So there are 3630 cubic feet of water to an inch if that water is 1m thick Now a ton of water is about 36 cubic feet (very slightly loss, the figures being 35.9, but 36 is near enough for our purpose). Now is you divide as follows: 3630 by 36 you get slightly over the 100 tons to the acre. J. M. N., Ida Valley.—Mr H. M. Davoy, consulting engineer. Princes street, replies:—l do not think that there is any data available for exactly what you ask; you seem to have the gauge-box idea, but not quite right. What I believe you really want is a gauge box to deliver a head of water, as your measurements ■are partly those of the box in question. The usual gauge box like yours is 12ft long by 20in wide, inside measurement. It is higher than your figures, as the sides are about llin high, ins;dc measurement ; thus if t’hc box wore made of lin thick wood it would need the bottom to be 12ft long by 20in wide, and two sides to be also 12ft long by 12in wide. This can then be strengthened with battens at top and wherever needed at sides or bottom or both. The inlet end is left quite open, and the outlet end has a strip of wood nailed on the bottom a few inches (about 4in) from the end. This strip is 20in by 2in high and about lin thick, and extends from one side to the other, so that if the box were connected at the inlet or open end to the water supply and sot quite level it would retain 2in depth of water over the bottom before any would escape. When this lias been done another wood strip also 20in long but Sin high, or wide, is nailed immediately over the one 2in high, but leaving a gap 2in wide between these strips. To be perhaps clearer, if you stood looking straight at the end of the box yon would see the end grain of the bottom and each side | i Shape. Then there would be | | the 2in deep s trip an d v J above that the 2in space for the water to come out of in a stream of 20in by 2in, and, lastly, the top strip, which is Sin high and is about 2in below the sides, as 2in plus 2in plus Sin, equal to 9in, and the sides were llin inside measurement. . This, then, would bo the end view, ' the 2in opening L ) being between the top edge of the lower strip, which is 2in high, and the bottom edge of the upper strip, which is Sin high, and whose upper edge is 2in lower chan the top edge of the sides. Now the water is admitted, and must be, and remain, at the level of the top of the upper strip, or, say, there must bo 9 : n deep of water in the box and a Sin head above the top of the gap. This, then, is supposed to bo one Government, head of water, or, in other words, the water issuing from the srap under the above conditions is supposed to be exactly one cubic foot (or about 64 gallons) per second, or 60 cubic feet per minute. As, however, persons oftener perhaps require to know the amount of water that is available rather than to know just what one head is, you will find full directions in last week’s Witness, at page 29, for measuring water; and I may add that if it is one head you want it should bo the amount of water issuing from the gauge hoard—from a gap, that is. say 15in long, when the said water measured at the side, as there shown and explained, is 4|in deep. J. 13., Ida Valley.—Mr 11. M. Davey replies: I am glad you got what you wanted, and understand all about it.