MAORI NOMENCLATURE.

Otago Witness, Issue 3019, 24 January 1912, Page 9

MAORI NOMENCLATURE.

No. XV.—DISTRICT OF MARLBOROUGH. By W. H. Sherwood Roberts, Oamaru. WAIRAU. (Continued). It has been claimed that the Wairau country was purchased from the Maoris by Captain Blenkinsopp with a cannon: Ho was called Peringatapu by the Maoris. They maintained! that all the rights he purchased with the six pounder gun, was the right to obtain wood and water (Rusden Vol I p. 204); or “ He-noho noe iho,” meaning to stay without restraint in the place referred to—i.e. a squatting license. It was also said that the cannon was given by Blenkinsopp to T© Rauparaha (called Ro'buiier by the whalers) in 1840, but was afterwards claimed by Captain Guard, so Rauparaha sent it to Port Underwood and had it thrown on the beach in Guard’s Bay. A few years later Guard was murdered by the Maoris. Another version of the cannon transaction is the statement of an early settler, from the Marlborough Press, October 19. 1864: — “In or about the year 1857, Captain Blinkinsop (nut Blenkinsopp as it is sometimes spelt) anchored his vessel in Port Underwood. to try his luck with the rest among the whales, which were then more plentiful on the coast than they are. now. At that time wo had the native chiefs Rangihaeata (meaning “ the heavenly dawn,’.' or “ the morning sunbeam.” He was a noble looking man, over 6ft in height, and greatly respected by his tribe. The pakeha called him Rangi-ata), Rauparaha, or Raraupura and Kaikoura living hero and a host of Maoris who were slaves of those chiefs, n i remember clearly, there was some fighting going on, and Captain Blinkinsop happened to have a twelve-pounder carronado on baard. R ngihaeata asked him what ho would take for it, A deal was made in duo form, —the chief taking the gun, in exchange for which he transferred to Blinkinsop all the land as far as he could sic, comprising the district from Cloudy Bay to what is now called Top House, a distance of about 60 miles. “ After the whaling season was over Blinkinsop cleared out, arid we heard nothing more of the affair, until the barque Hope landed here, in I£4o, four men with their wives and farniiies, having with them bullocks, ploughs, and other necessaries to settle on the land. It appears that after Blinkinsop died his wife transferred whatever right and title she had to tire Wairau Valley to Mr Unwin, a lawyer in Sydney, and it was by him that the Hop© was sent to Cloudy Bay. “Some time after Blinkinsop’s departure Rangihaeata considered ho did a foolish thing in giving up the land for a gun ho could not make use of, repudiated the transaction, and carried the gun to Guard’s Bay. where it lies to this day (1864). The men sent over by Unwin had built themselves whares, and had set to work clearing the land. However, they were in continual dread of the Maoris, who disputed their right to possession, and one day the four men wore missing, and the Maoris gave it out that they were drowned by the upsetting of their boat.” A third ve!B;on of the cannon episode appeared in the Marlborough Daily Times of January 16, 1901, written by C.W.A.. and headed “The True History of Blenheim’s Only Cannon.” I take the liberty of copying it as it will be of great interest to have the correct version at hand 1 to compare with the others, especially as the history of Marlborough would be very incomplete without its cannon.

“Mr John Guard states that in 1333 his father brought the cannon from Sydney, and arrived at Port Underwood on a whaling expedition. As Kakajx) Bay took his fancy as a desirable whaling station, ho entered into negotiations with the reputed Maori owner, a chief named 1 Xohorua (commonly known among the whalers at that period as “Tom Streets.’') To show the Maoris the power of the cannon, it was loaded and fired off, making a tremendous report. it was at onto christened by the Maoris “ Pu-buri-whonua, ’’ which, being freely translated, means “ the gun that causes the earth to tremble.” The result of this display was that Xohorna consented to accept the cannon in full payment for the exclusive right to occupy Kakapo Bav as a whiling station. The gun was landed at Kakapo Bay and loaded and fired off occasionallv. in order to astonish the Natives. Nohoma keeping guaid over ids newly acquired treasure.

“ Captain B’.inkinsop, in his whaling vessel the Caroline, now appeals on the scene, and, presumably taking advantage of the temporary absence of Xoh ,r«a, he sent a foraging party on shore who seized the cannon and took it away without “ leave or license.” This was in 1334, and again the gun vU'io bartered away for landed te rho y. About this time tho bloodthirsty Rcuparaha (broad leaf or Convolvulus leaf), and Eangihacata (streak of dawn) wen* walking up and down tho earth seeking fresh tribes to conquer, when Captain Blinkinsop pointed out to Rauparaha what a powerful weapon tho cannon would be, with which to assault ids enemies. The result was that Rauparaha agreed to cede Ocean Bay, tho whole of the Wairau Plain, and the intervening coastal country to Captain Blink insop for the cannon. The exchange was duly made and Rauparaha departed with his now possession. But it is not recorded that ho over did any great execution with tho gun, probably ho found it too unwieldy (and not nearly so handy as the modern pom porn), as somo years afterwards ho brought it back again to Kakapo Bay, and presented it to old Mr John Guard (tho father of Mr John Guard, now residing at Oyster Bay). Mr John Guard, sen., "was gathered to his fathers at a ripe old age, and tho possession of the gun vested "in tho widow. Tho gun having now acquired a historical reputation, it was thought desirable to remove it to Blenheim, to be preserved as a curiosity, but Mrs Guard declined to give it up. Tho local authority, however, represented by Superintendent Eyes and Mr James Sinclair, son., took a short method to obtain [>osscssion of tho old cannon. They sent Captain Scott in tho Lyttelton, with Montague Adams, policeman (to represent the majesty of tho law) and they seized the gun in tho same manner that Captain Blinkinsop took possession of it on a former occasion.” C.W.A. informs mo that “ the cannon ia at present mounted on a gun carriage, having boon scraped free from rust inside and out, painted, a now touch-hole drilled in it, and is in tho custody of tho Blenheim Borough Council, and is fired off on state occasions ”

White Bluff, alxmt half-way between

the Wairau and Awatero Rivers, _ four miles south-east of the mouth of the Wairau was Pari-nui-o-whiti, meaning the great shining cliff, but it was named after the sail of Kupo’s canoe. It rises boldly from the sea to a height of 890 ft, at the eastern end of the mountain range. It is composed of gravel conglomerates, and: is partly the source of the material forming the largo Boulder Bank at the mouth of the Wairau, which commences a short distance north of the Bluff. Nga-tauari-a-Mata-Hourua (the thwarts of Mata. Hounia, Knpe’s canoe) is a place on Pari-nui-o-Whiti, or White Bluff. A small stream running from Maxwell’s Pass towards the Wairau Estuary is Otawai (green water) or O-tawai (the locality of the Beech tree). The next river south of White Bluff. 18 miles from the Wairau, is the Awa-tere (river moving swiftly). It rises in Barefcll Pass, and Cairn Mountain, on the western boundary of Marlborough. It is a much smaller river than the Wairau, and has a bar at its mouth with five foot of water at high tide. Tiro plain through which the Awatere runs before reaching the tea is generally named Kai-para-te-hau, which may moan, “eat barracoota fish in the wind;” or eat fern (marattia salicina) in the wind, hutprobably the correct name is Ka-para-tc-hau (Ka used for Nga) moaning wind sports, which might arise from the dusky colour, or appearance of the water as seen when the wind ruffles it. 8.P.5.) The name is sometimes spelt incorrectly, Ka-paro-to-hau (the wind will change). The plain is also called the Wakefield Valley, after Edward Gibbon Wakefield, who was instrumental in forming the Now Zealand Company in 1839.

A range of mountains some distance in; land, between t.hc Awatere and Waihopai Rivers, was Maungataro (Hanging Mountains). Blind River was O tu-wiieru (Uio place to stand inactive). Lake Grassmere, a shallow sheet of salt water, 4CCO acrer? in extent, being about throe miles in d’ametor, near Capo Campbell, was Roto Ka-para-te-hau, or Parera-te-hau (tho north-west wind). The outlet of Lake Ka-para-te-hau was Paruparu. A small lake four miles south of Lake Crassmere is named Elterwater. Lake M‘Rac is some distance inland, between the Awatere and Clarence Rivers. A kaika between Roto Kapara-to-hau and Cape Campbell was O-Kainpa (the place of tho village). Capo Campbell was To Karaka (the tree (Corynocarpus laevigata). To Ilau. a chief of the Rangi Tane tribe, had extensive cultivations near To Karaka. A lighthouse of timber was erected at Cape Campbell in 1369. It. shows a white revolving light, attaining its greatest brilliancy every minute. It is elevated 155 ft above high water, and visible from a distance of 19 miles. The tower is 73ft high, and painted with alternate hand's of red and white. The hill 642 feet high at Capo Campbell is Mount Tako, meaning tho common house of resort in a kaika for tho tribe, especially for young men. A small bay immediately south of Cape Campbell is O-rua mca (place of moa’s pit, or of two inoa’s). A mountain about live miles further south was Ke-winiwild (strange disturbances) (snap asunder fire-making sticks. —G. G.). idax.bourne River, seven miles south of Capo Campbell, is tho English translation of the Maori name, Wai-harakeke (flax water, or the river where tho (lax plant, phormiiißi toaax, grows). A stream six miles south of Flaxbourne is Ure (a stone axe), (a boring instrument, generally of greenstone, fixed to a handle to turn round like a brace and bit, by means of strings wound round 1 the handle in the same manner as a top. There is a specimen of this primitive tool in tho Auckland Museum.— G.G.) A kaika a few miles south of the river Ure was Pari-kawakawa (the olilf with the shrub Piper excelsum on it). Mr T. E. Green wrote that Pari-kawakawa is now known as Kekrrangu, named after the son of Tamai-rangi. a Ngati Kuia chieftainess and Whanake, alias Iluka, The rocks in this neighbourhood are limestone. A river, gorge and village, 50 miles from Blenheim, just, at tho 42ml degree of south latitude, is Kekeraugu (stubborn Rangu) winch, I tldnk, should be Kokereiigu, as it was named after a man of that name, one of the extinct tribe of Ngai Tara, of Wellington, who was killed there. (S. P S.) Kekorongu or Kokereru is the name of a beetle called the black wood bug. Tho main range of mountains between the Awatere and Clarence Rivers, trending south-west and north-east, is the Inland Kai-koura (to oat Cray fish). They arc frequently misnamed Kai-kora (little to eat). The highest peak of the Inland Kaikoura, near Mount Gladstone, rising to an altitude of 9467 feet above sea level, is Tapuae-nuku (meaning moving foot step, or foot print. T.S.G.) Mr S. P. Smith says tho correct ancient name was Tapuae-o-Uonuku, meaning the footsteps of I'enuku (tho rainbow). I( is occasionally misspelt Tapuonuka, Tapianuku, Tapuwao, etc. It is a snowcapped mountain excepting for a few weeks during midsummer. It has the English name of Mount Odin. Very few of the Maori names of (ho high mountain peaks have boen retained. Tapuae-nuku, tho highest peak of the Kaikoura Ranges, is one of the exceptions. “It may l>c interpreted cither as “The footsteps of Uenuku ” (full name Tapuae-Uenuku, i.e., tho rainbow, which is tho visible sign, or aria, of tho god Uenuku), or as moving or sliding footsteps.” T.X.Z.I. XXXVIII, p. 119. It was at this place about half-a-mile north of tho Clarence River that the steamer Taiarca, 438 tons. Captain Thompson, was wrecked, on April 12, 1886. while on a passage from Wellington to Lyttelton, and 54 lives were lost, not at Waipapa Point, as is generally assorted. Mr C. W. Adams, writing in 1903, said; “ Waipapa. Point is four miles south of the mouth of tho Clarence, while tho Taiaroa was wrecked half-a-rnile north of tho Clarence. The boilers are still there, and plainly visible at low water.” The error was common in tho early days. The Rev. J. W. Stack’s map, in the Transactions of tho N.Z. Institute, Vol. X, p. 88, shows Waipapa as the North Hoad of Waiautoa. Otu Kakau is a lull near the mouth of the Clarence. About four miles north of tho Clarence is a stream named' Kawau-iti (little shag bird) ; a larger stream south of it is Kawau-nui (big shag). A tributary of tho Waiau-toa from tho north, three miles and a-half from its mouth is Rika (impatient). A short distance west of the Poranga-rau River is Kai-ruru (eat a more- : pork owl, or a monrpork owl’s food). West of it is a mountain 3820 feet high, named Patqtu (a shelter from wind). The water from it is drained by tho river Moro-rimu. which passes through a splendid rirnu (red pine) forest, and runs into O-Kiwi Bav (the place of the Apteryx bird). A mile south of O'Kiwi Bay is Papa-roa (long flat rock) Point.

\ THE CLARENCE RIVER, i The river Clarence was Waiau-toa (the malo current of water), (or river of the imI petuous, or swift current. G.G.) Mr S. P. Smith writes. “ that there is an old legend connected with the two Waiau Rivers. The Waiau-ua should bo Waiau-uha. meaning the female Waiau; or Waiau-uwha (female of animals). Waiau-toa, male W aiau. They were the male and female spirits of the mountains at tho sources of these rivers, — the lofty Mount Franklin, at the north end of the alpine Spencer range. When W aiauI uha laments for her separation from her lord, it is known iby the warm rain that , melts the snow on the hills where those j rivers take their rise, and the floods of j tears swell the waters of the rivers. When I she sighs and moans , “ Now, alas! thou j beloved Toa, art separated far off, who will return thee hither to me?” (South Island I Maoris, p. 128). Tims does Waiau-uha ever lament her lover.” “ Many waters cannot quench love, neither can tho floods drown it.” Song of Solomon. | The mind 1 of tho ancient Maori was anthropomorphic. Ho ascribed human characteristics to things not human, and personified and sexed every thing in Nature. Rangi, the sky, was male, the husband of Papa, the earth, which was female, and mother of all. They wore the origins of man, birds, fish, animals, insects, trees, etc. All are traced back to Rangi and' Papa, and all return to Papa at death, and she conceals them. Tho Clarence is a large river, having a course of over 90 miles, and receiving a groat number of tributaries, the Maori names of which I have not been able to ascertain. A handsome bridge has now born erected over it near the mouth. Iho gorge by which the Waiau-toa breaks through the Saw Tooth Range near the coast, is a deep and 1 narrow ravine, quite impassable to human beings. The Puhipuhi (to blow frequently, or an ornament of feathers for the bow of a canoe) a river running from the Seaward Kaikoura, joins the Clarence about three miles from its mouth. In a Government map it is misspelt Buibui (the Maori alphbot has no B). A. Crown settlement was started there in February, 1897. Another settlement south of it is Ke-ruru, a doubtful word, but it may mean “ a strange owl.” A river weef of it, which runs into the Clarence, is W 7 hare kiri (bark hut). Mount Alexandra was Te Puhi. Puhi has a great many meanings, being the name of a hill in this case. It may mean “ the place whore tho wind blows.” A mountain 7498 feet high, about five miles north-west of Mount Alexandra is Tara haka (an indentation). About three miles south-west of it is Mount Tc ao Whekere (the very d'ark day), on some maps named Whaka-ari, meaning suspended, or hold up to view, occasionally misspelt W T hakari, which would mean, four clumps of trees. (Whaka-ari means “ become, or made consp’cuous.” Hence a prominent feature in the landscape. This is alio tho name of the active volcanic island, called 1 White Island, so named because of the steam cloud continually over its crater, which elves it such a remarkable appearance. G.G.) A place a short distance south of tho mouth of the Clarence was Ika-a-whatu-roa. Another mountain 8700 ft high, in the Seaward Kaikoura range is Kai-ta-rau (relishing food), also named Mana-kau (only influence). S.S. cast of it is Mount Uworau, the orthography of which is doubtful. Perhaps it should ho Ue-rau (the fluttering or trembling loaf). A mountain towards the south west end of the Kai-kouira range is Te-raka (tho Scraper). A river and settlement a little south of tho Clarence is Pa-ranga-rau, a doubtful word which may mean, a fort with a company of a hundred persons, more correctly spelt Pcrangarau (floating lea.f) (or the obstruction of a row of loaves. A ceremony in which a line, or row of leaves of a tree, or shrub were laid across a pathway of a coining war party. The tohunga engaged in laying tho lino of leaves in this ceremony, called each leaf after t-jome groat warrior, past or present, of his tribr. G. G.) A settlement ciputhwest of it is Omia (utu (tho idle messenger) or O-rnatutu (the place of a convalescent person). The headland, boat harbour, and hill four miles south of the Clarence mouth is Wai-papa (water on a flat nek. The Xgati Marnoo had apa at Wai-papa which was captured by Te Apoka, a Ngai Tabu chief, about the year 1600. There was another pa not far distant called Pari-Wliakatau, where a battle was fought, and another named Pakihi (dry flat land near the sea) built by Tukiauau, a Ngati Mainoo chief. _— i

A spot whore a severe battle was fought * between the Ngati Mamoo and the Ngai Tahu, near Wai-papa Point was Tctc-whai (a spear with a stingray point), where the former wore defeated, notwithstanding that they used spears pointed with the apino of tho Sting-ray fish, Trygon thalassia. The princij>al leader of the Nga.i Tahu was Rakai Tauwheko. 'J’liis battle was fought to revenge tho death of Tau-hiku, the wisest Tohunga of Ngai ’J’ahu who had been killed by Ngati Manioc two years previously. After this battle peace was restored for some years, and Ngai Tahu was permanently settled at the Wairau (T.N.Z.1., X, 73. 75). About a mile south of Waipapa is Pah Rock, It should bo spelt Pa, without the “ h.” About halfway between Papa-roa Point and HalfMoon Bay is a point named O-hau (windy place). Half Moon Bay was Umu-tao-roa (long cooking oven). Aniseed Stream was Rakau tara (Tree Point). (Perhaps Ra kau-tara should be Raka-taura, a goddess of the air, the producer of sudden and unintelligible noises. Also tho name of a grub, which spins a long, sharp pointed cocoon, which it suspends to tho branches of trees. This grub at night time makes a low whistling noise, and Maori children gather them for amusement, to hear them whistling at night-time. Rakau-tara is the name of the cocoon, from its shape, as it means “spike on the tree.” G.G.) This most likely is the “case moth,” or bug worm, which entomologists call Ooceticus omnivorous, which is plentiful in the woods about Dunedin. Tho boat harbour at its mouth was O-huruhuru (tho coarso hair). A hill near it Rangiaeta, I think is an error for Rangiatoa, wnich was tho name of a temple at Hawaiki. Iron gate Creek was Ilau-papa-kia.

Blue Duck Creek was Karetu (the frag- 1 rant grass Hicrochloo reddens). A hill on tho Native Reserve is Kai too (to cook food). A place near the mouth of the Hapuku River is Manga-maunu (the creek, stream, or tributary of tho bait. T.S.G.) (Manga-maunu means Grey Duck tributary. G.G.). In April, 1905, there was buried at Manga-maunu the rangatira Ilohepa Paratene Waruhe, generally known \

]as Pnattan. Of this Maori pa Henry ! Lawson wr^te; — The last ttrtt were left of a noble race, : (Whoa the page of tho south was fair) Tho last of the victors dwelt in peace i With the- last of the conquered there.” I A river .J. 7 miles south of the Clarence is Hapuku (the small headed groper) a mountain torrent. There is a forest in tho Hapuku Valley. Hapuku is sometimes misspelt Hapuka, which is the southern pro nunciation. The Hapuku and Kowhai Rivers nearly separate Mount Fyffo from the main range, to .which it is joined merely by a narrow saddle. A tidal tributary to tho Hapuku from tho north is Puhipuhi (an ornament of feather's or hair for the bow of a canoe), misspelt Buebue on a map, where the Government opened 1 a farm settlement under lease in perpetuity on May 11, 1899. A farming settlement of fully 13,000 acres lies between tho Hapuku and Kohai —Koiiai should be Kowhai (the tree i Sophora tetraptera) through tho centre of 1 which runs the river Wai-manga-rara (water in the branch stream making a continued noise) or Wai-marara (scattered water). KAIKOURA. 1 Six miles south of tho Hapuku is the Kai-Koura (eat Cray fish) peninsula and town; said to havo been named by Tamatea-Pokai-Whcnua (Tamatoa who circumnavigated the land). Tamatoa came to i Now Zealand in the Takitumu canoe, at the time of tho migration from Hawaiki, and landed at Turanga. Ho had five wives, three of whom deserted him and fled southward, and were ultimately turned into greenstone. While seeking for his runaway wives, Tamatea landed near the peninsula, and indulged in a feast of cooked Koura (cray fish), in memory of his dinner ho named tho place Kai-Koura. Tho peninsula is geologically composed of lower 1 green sand stone rooks and limestone. The town is about 95 miles from Blenheim by road.

Mr Thomas E. Green, an educated halfcaste, wrote: ‘‘The name Kaikoura. —x\ man named Tama in very ancient times, when travelling along the coast in South Bav, got a cray fish (koura). Ho made a lire there and cooked and ate the cray fish. Tho place is named To-Ahi-Koura-a-Tama (The cray fish fire of Tama). This is it he origin of tho maine Kaikoura (cray fish food), that is to say it was Tama's food. It is said that Tama left a hollow Where ho sat, which is still visible.” “ There is a Maori tradition that Rakataura was the first Maori who landed at Kaikoura. He loft Hawaiki in the Pauiraraira canoe, and landed at Tehua, a fiat island in the Bay of Plenty, and followed along the east coast to Kaikoura without seeing a human being on shore, or the sign of a fire or smoko. Ho therefore inferred that tho land was uninhabited. He left a man and a woman at Kaikoura, and returned to Hawaiki. Ho told Kupo of the beautiful uninhabited country, and advised him to take his family and settle there. Kupc visited Ao-toa-roa, and landed at Kaikoura. The full name of Kaikoura is ‘ To-Ahi-kai-koura-a-Tama-ki-te-Rangi,’ i.e., —the place w'hero tho early navigator Tama, the commander of the Tairoa canoe, landed and kindled a fire to cook a meal of Koura or Cray fish.’ ” T.N.Z.I, 38, p. 119. Captain Cook passed Kaikoura peninsula on February 14, 1770, at a considerable distance from shore. Ho remarked that

“ snow Igy in patches on tho high mountains, and some low land that appeared like an island lay close under the loot of tho ridge. . . . We saw with our glasses four double canoes, having on board 57 men, put off from the shore, and make towards tho ship. They came within a stone’s oast, and then stopped, gazing at us with a look of vacant astonishment. Tupia exerted all his eloquence to prevail u|>on them to come nearer, but without effect. It was a dead cairn. After surveying us for some time they left us, and made towards the shore. From tho behaviour of cur visitors, I gave the land from which they had put off, and which had the appearance of an island, the name of Lookers-on.”

“Tiio town of Kai-konra, on the north east side of tho isthmus, wag surveyed by Mr Ward in 1861. The old Maori pa which stood on tiic sito of the present State School, was by arrangement moved to its now position at Maunga-manu (bird Mountain) Old Marlborough ” (should !*> Maunganiaunu. mountain, unfled'gcd young hi ids S.P.S.) A great battle fought by Tc Rauparaiia against the Ngai Tabu on the sea coast south-west of Kaikoura Peninsula, was called Niho mango (shank’s tooth), because tho attack was made by the Ngati Toa chief, to revenge a threat made by tho chief Rorewaka, on hearing of the defeat of the allies at the attack on Kapiti in 1824. that ho would riu To Rauparana’i Lolly with a niho mango: which was anpardonable insult, to be wiped' only by bloodshed. Therefore in 1828 To Raupaxaha. with a numerous tana, attacked the pa, killed a.ljout a thousand of its inhabitants. and’ took Rorewaka and a number of prisoners to Kapiti to replenish the island’s larder.

Mr T. E. Gkeen wrote “ Manga-m iunu (not Maunga-mami). A Manga is what J might call a gulch or canyon, or deep gully running a short distance into the Land, and “ Maunu,” parted, or separated, probably so-named because the Manga-maumi is formed by tho land being sluiced away, leaving a deep gully, in winch is the creek that bears the name Manga-maunu. Niho Maka, or Niho-Mangaa (North Island dialect), meaning Barracouta tooth, not NihoMango.” Mr Roberts thinks Mr Green is wrong, for a barracouta tooth is so very small compared to a shark’s tooth, which is more suitable. Yet most writers on the circumstance translate it “Barracouta tooth,” evidently copying from a former writer.

Tho first European who took up a sheep run at Kaikoura was Mr Morse, about 1850. The Maori reserve at Kajkoura, is said to bo a little over 5250 acres, tho capital value of which in 1908 was £5458. The district of Kaikoura is peculiarly situated. It is in the Provincial District of Marlborough. For scholastic purposes it is in North Canterbury; in laud matters ■% is ■under the control of the Marlboroigh Land Board and Survey District; and in religious affairs, so far as the Anglican Church is concerned, Kaikoura is still governed by Nelson. In 1908 the Kaikoura Domain was laid out at Taka-hanga (to prepare to build 1 ), where relics of Te Rauparaha’si visit was found, in tho shape of Maori skulls and l onos, and a fine mere. A ■battle was fought there soon aft jv the t/gfit at Kaikoura, with tho same unfortunate result to the Ngai Tahu. Taka-hanga, or Taka-haka was a pa a little north of Omihi. (To bo Continued.)