THE RUSSIAN UPHEAVAL.

Otago Witness, Issue 2695, 8 November 1905, Page 26

THE RUSSIAN UPHEAVAL.

THE ODESSA ATROCITIES.

NAMELESS HORRORS PERPE-

TRATED.

POLICE AISTD COSSACKS ASSIST,

MOB LAW EVERYWHERE.

ST. PETERSBURG, October 30.

The leaders of the reactionary party are doing their utmost to incite the Czar to direct General Trepoff to use his 108,000 soldiers and 20 machine guns. Count de Witte expressed his amazement that anyone should desire to mow down people who were behaving in an orderly manner. The Prime Minister's freedom of the press merely permits a temporary discussion of the Duma elections.

A regiment of Grodno Hussars refused to assist the police in dispersing a railway men's meeting at Warsaw, which the Governor had previously sanctioned. Except the railway men, all strikers at Kharkoff have resumed work, owing to the Governor withdrawing the troops and allowing the people to peaceably bury their dead.

A large number of justices of the peace i in St. Petersburg and the artists of the ' Imperial theatres have decided to strike, i The doctors and chemists have resumed work at Kieff and Odessa, and are now actively engaged in ambulance work. There have been terrible scenes of blood- ] shed at Odessa.

The Cossacks and gendarmes, after i shooting those who were manning the < barricades, pursued the frenzied mob into the garrets of the houses. j The number of victims is not known, , as the police instantly removed the bodies, j The infantry, being considered untrustworthy, are confined to barracks. Anarchy and bomb-throwing are ram- ! pant at Tifiis. A military train was derailed, and several persons were killed. , October 31. ;

The Czar issued- the following manifesto late last evening :*— " The troubles and agitations in • our capitals and numerous j other places fill our hearts with a great j and painful sorrow. The happiness cf the Sovereign is indissolubly bound i.p with the happiness of the people, and the , sorrow of the people is the sorrow of the Sovereign. The agitations may cause great national disorganisation and menace the integrity and unity of the Empire. The supreme duty imposed on us by our sovereign mission requires us to efface our- j selves, and with all our reason and all our power to hasten the cessation of troubles so dangerous to the State. Hay- j ing directed the authorities to prevent i open disorder and excesses, and to protect ( peaceable subjects, we have recognised that in order to assure the success of the general measures for pacification it is indispens- j able that we should co-ordinate and unify j the powers of the central Government." I The manifesto goes on to say : — " We therefore direct the Government to abstain ( from any interference with the elections ' to the Duma, keeping in view the sincere desire for the realisation of the ukase of December 25, 1904. The Government must maintain the Duma's prestige, and exhibit confidence in its labours, and. must not j resist its decision while the same is not . inconsistent with Russia's historic great- ; ness. One must identify oneself with the ! ideas of the great majority of society, and not with the echoes of noisy groups and , factions too often unstable. It is especially important that the reform of the Council of the Empire should be secured on an electoral principle. I believe thab in the exercise of executive power the follow ing principles should be embodied : — " First, straightforwardness and sin- j cerity in the confirmation of civil liberty, ! and providing guarantees for its njaintenance; second, a tendency towards the abolition of exclusive laws ; third, the coordination and activity of all the organs of the Government; fourth, the avoidance of repressive measures in respect to proceedings which are not openly a menace to society or to the State ; fifth, resistance to acts which are manifestly threatening to society or the State should be based upon law and on moral unity, with a reasonable majority of society. Confidence must be placed in the political tact of society, as it is impossible for it to desire anarchy, which, besides the horrors of civil strife, would dismember the Empire.

'" We therefore direct the Government to grant the population the immutable foundation of civic liberty, based on the leal inviolability of the person, freedom of conscience and speech, and union and association.

" Secondly, without deferring the elections to the Duma, to call to participation in the Duma^ as far as is possible in view

of the shortness of tune before it assembles, tlio^e classes who are now completely deprived of electoral lights, leaving, the ultimate development of the principle of electoral light in general to the newly-established legislative oider.

Thirdly, to establish an immutable rule that no law can ccme into force without the Duma's approval, thus making it possible for the elected of the people to exercise a real participation in the supervision of the legality of the acts of the authorities.

"We appeal to all the faithful sons of Riusia to remember their duty to the Fatherland, and to aid in ending the present unprecedented trouble by applying all their forces in co-operation and in restoring calm and peace in our natal soil." Sanguinary conflicts are proceeding ia many of the provincial centres, where the strikes are extending. The troops wounded many at Riga, and killed 45 and wounded 90 at Reval. The Cossacks stormed the Odessa, barricades, killing 20 and wounding 200. Workmen compelled the closing of the shops and restaurants, and overturned the tramcars.

There are persistent reports at Odessa that the crews of ioxvr warships murdered Admirals Birileff and Chuknin at Camsun and sailed for Sebastapol under the revolutionary flag. Warsaw has been completely isolated since the crews of the Vistula steamers struck. The only communication between Northern Russia and the rest of Europe is via the Great Northern, Finland, and Sweden cablo. The only telgraphic communication with Southern Russia is visu Odessa and Constantinople. The Czar's manifesto was received with shouts of joy in St. Petersburg, Warsaw, and elsewhere, but the workmen are irritated at the absence of any promise of amnesty. Demonstrations were made in St. Petersburg all through the night, processions carrying red flags cheering the manifesto.

Count de Witte's recommendations to the Czar emphasised the need for the equalisation of all Russians before the law, irrespective of religion or nationality. Incendiarism is rampant in Moscow. The soldiers encamp in the precincts of the Kremlin. They are afraid to occupy the barracks lest they should be burned. Bands of roughs are plundering the deserted private flats, and only large dotachments of troops dare venture in the streets.

Although Odessa is slightly quieter, the Cossacks continue to brutally ill-treat peaceful residents. They pillage the houses, and some citizens are beaten to death. They also drag women and children to prison, and frequently fire upon the funeral processions of their own victims, as well as upon the Red Cross detachments. *y Sixty-three youths and girls are missing. There is much fighting at Lodz, where the Polish-Jewish Socialists have resolved to continue the strike.

A company of infantry refused to fire on a students' procession. The soldiers were arrested.

The strikes on the Moscow-St. Petersburg, the Moscow-Kazan, and the MoscowArchangel railway lines have terminated. A bomb was thrown at the troops who were guarding the Technological Institute, St. Petersburg. Several Cossacks were killed and many wounded.

The foreign financiers return to St. Petersburg in a fortnight to resume loan negotiations. In order to maintain communication between the Courts of Potsdam and Peterhof, the Czar has accepted the Kaiser's offer of the services of the third and fifth German torpedo boat divisions to convey despatches between Memel and Peterhof during the strike.

November 1.

Poland continues to be wildly excited.

The Warsaw and Vienna railway employees will remain on strike until theGovernment grants self government to Poland, with an amnesty to political prisoners, and permission to use the Polish language. The Cossacks and Lancers attacked and dispersed a great revolutionary demonstration in the streets of Warsaw. The citizens have been forbidden to> leave their homes after 8 p.m. under pain of arrest.

The miners in the Sosnowice district, Warsaw, struck, and compelled the compositors to stop setting the Czar's manifesto to set revolutionary songs, xshick they sang in the streets. The troops at Helsingfors refused to fire on the people. A great meeting of citizens demanded the cessation of Russian oppression, and the convocation of the Diet to prepare a, scheme for a freely -elected national Assembly, also freedom of the press. The Governor-general assured the citizens that he had just received a telegram abrogating all the dictatorship decrees and summoning the Diet. An immense procession of workmen, male students, and schoolboys, carrying red flags, demonstrated on the Nevski Prospect, singing the " Marseillaise " and revolutionary and compelling the police to remove their caps and the troops to salute their flags. The procession stopped at the point of the massacre on Red Sunday, uncovered, and sang a hymn for the> dead, creating an impressive effect. Outside the offices of the General Staff they again sang a dirge, and outside the iiniver-

sity, which was decorated with red flags, orators proclaimed the triumph of the J proletariat and the downfall of the | autocracy. The procession demanded the withdrawal of the troops from the capital, the I release of all political prisoners, and the retirement of General Trepoff. The police and troops did not interfere, even when the Emperor was contemptuously advised to abdicate and retire to London, or when the crowd destroyed- the Russian flag which was carried by patriotic demonstrators. The officials profess to be unaware of the alleged mutiny of the Black Sea fleet and the murder of Admirals Birileff and Chucknin. The residents of Odessa are frantically 'delighted with the Czar's manifesto. Twenty thousand citizens demanded a speech from the Governor, who diplomat! cally called for cheers for the Constitution, promising to liberate all who were arrested by the Cossacks. Later on 50 workmen, supposed to be disguised policemen, assisted the roughs | to plunder the Jewish shops. When the ] crowd tried to assist the shopkeepers the .Cossacks charged, killing and wounding marfy. 'Nine hundred -students then procured, arms, and fierce fighting continues. All -the factories, theatres, and schools Sire closed at Reval. Many were killed or wounded at Lodz owing to the Governor ordering the troops to mercilessly suppress revolutionary meetings. M. Pobiedonostzeff, Procurator of the Holy Synod, has resigned. Count De Witte appears confident that he will be able to guide the nation tranquilly into the paths of constitutionalism. The Cabinet tentatively consists of Prince Alexis Abolensky (Minister of the •Interior), M. Romanoff (Finance), M. Koni, an able jurist and senator (Justice), ,M^ "Krosovsky (President of the St. Petersburg Duma). Count De Witte holds no portfolio at present. The Ministers .of Foreign Affairs (Count Lanisdorff), War (General Sakharoff), and Marine (Vice-admiral Avelane) remain unchanged. The" Cossacks and police resent the Czar's -manifesto. They provoked disorders at Odessa, , Poltava, and Kishineff . killing many without provocation. The" portion of the Czar's manifesto commencing with the. words "abstain from any interference in the elections of the national Duma-" "to 1 the words "would dismember - the , Empire" were recommendations made -by Count de Witte to the - Czar, who approved of them, ior the guidance of the government. Countjde;- Witte had an hour's interview with the- St. Petersburg editors. He pledged 'his word*of honour that the promises in the manifesto would be faithfully"' carried out. He intended to satisfy all-; their demands, only he must have tinier •The^new Duma, he said, would not be able to assemble in January, although the new electoral law was already being prepared. •He intended to give rights to workmen, on the system of the Austrian Curia. * Some, of the editors declared that this .would not satisfy them. Count de Witte replied that this proposal was not necessarily final, and implied' that the Duma would be left to decide the- question of universal suffrage. He appealed to the editors to support him, or, at anyrate, not to oppose him. The editors replied coldly, expressing distrust of the Government's seal for reform, and demanding the withdrawal of the Cossacks. Count de Witte promised to restrain the' Cossacks in, their conflicts between, the ..troops and -the crowds. Count de Witte appealed to the editors ' to assist -in calming public opinion, and thus ensuring the success of thejjonsti- i tutipn. „ He declared that the Czar sincerely desired reforms, but wavered . between opposite opinions. It was desirable that ,th© press and the country should display moderation. The editor of the Novoe Vremya and others, when replying, warned Count de Witte of- the Government's repeated promises on paper. These must be fulfilled, ! and an amnesty must be granted. Count de Witte replied that this also .■was under consideration. The Central Strike Committee insists that the only way to give real appeasement will be to convoke a constituent Assembly elected on a universal, equal, direct, and secret suffrage of all adult citizens, without distinction of sex or creed or nationality, and the provision that all are guaranteed civil freedom. It therefore declares that the strike will continue. Moscow received the news of the Czar's manifesto with enthusiasm-, and there were many demonstrations in the streets, but only one collision with the troops, in .which two persons were killed. ' Outside the larger cities the Czar's manifesto is hailed with -gratitude, whicb takes •the form of patriotic processions and 3tbronged churches. Up to 8 o'clock yesterday evening 37 had, been killed in Odessa, and 81 seriously ;wounded. The fighting continues to-day. The troops fired on a crowd of workmen at Pabianizej killing eight and wounding 24.

It is reported that attempts to break open the gaols at Poltava and Bialystok were repulsed, and several of the attackers killed.

The Reservists at Piotroff refused to fire on the crowd, who were carrying red flags, whereupon the officers emptied their revolvers, wounding several of the demonstrators.

Late in the evening several collisions occurred in St. Petersburg between the crowds and the troops, and a number were wounded.

A rescript, couched in gracious terms, accepts M. Pobiedonostzeffs resignation.

November 2,

Another encounter has taken place at Warsaw. The infantry killed four people and wounded 30.

The demonstrators, forming a procession at least a hundred thousand strong, marched in the streets of Warsaw with red flags and singing revolutionary songs. The troops did not interfere. An infantry patrol was attacked and three were wounded, while the rest fled. A number of soldiers threw down their arms and joined the crowd.

The authorities have been ordered to abrogate martial law. A general amnesty is expected. A message from Warsaw prior to the receipt of the previous cable states that great disorder prevails. The crowd demanded the release of the political prisoners. The Chief of Police liberated 300 who were arrested recently, but refused to release 12 who were arrested by order of the Central Government. The crowd then began to smash windows and doors in the Town Hall. The Hussars charged, killing 20 people, severely wounding 23, and slightly wounding 50.

Terrible excesses are reported from Odessa. Huge gangs of hooligans, led by disguised police officers, attacked the Jews, and desperate fighting ensued. It is estimater that there were 3000 casualties.

It is reported that many of the soldiers refused to fire on the people, and fired on the Cossacks instead, killing or wounding many. The Cossacks fired indiscriminately.

The crowd tried to storm the prison and release the political prisoners confined therein. The soldiers fired and dispersed "the crowd.

The Jews at Odessa are defending themselves with bombs, one of which killed 15 persons and wounded 40.

An Imperial ukase directs that all appointments of high officials io Russia, except in the military, naval, and diplomatic service, are to be subject to the approval of the Council of

- The gendarmes repeatedly charged, and dispersed the demonstrators on the Nevsky Prospect, St. Petersburg, wounding many. The city was quiet at midnight.

It is officially explained that the expression in the Czar's manifesto regarding freedom of speech is meant to include the freedom of the press. While the situation is improving at St. Petersburg and Moscow, it remains extremely grave in Poland and Southern Russia, where there is little inclination to regard the Czar's concessions as genuine.

The Finnish senators, before resigning in order to make way for others possessing the people's confidence, appealed to the Czar to repeal the dictatorship, summon a meeting of the Diet, and redress the .grievances of the military service and others.

A general political strike has begun in Finland. No newspapers are published, and the inland telegraphic and telephonic services are stopped.

The crowd disarmed the gendarmes at Kemitonia, and ordered them to leave.

The naval staff here states that the Black Sea squadron reached Trebizond all well.

The crowd at daybreak serenaded the Prefect ef Moscow with dirges to remind him of the slaughter of unoffending citizens.

The troops suddenly appeared, and were preparing to fire, when General Ludnuff, showing his uniform, threw himself in front of the rules, and, daring them to fire, prevented a massacre.

There have been many .collisions at Moscow between the revolutionaries- and the so-called patriots. One of the progovernmental partisans, a general leading a so-called loyalist procession organised by the police, was shot dead.

Anti-Semitic outbreaks have occurred at Nijni-Novgorod, Rostoff, Kherson, and Vitepsk. Many persons were killed.

The Chief of Police at Poltava summoned a deputation to witness the liberation of political prisoners, when the Cossacks suddenly attacked the deputation, killing nine and severely wounding 28.

Fatal encounters with the military are reported from Bialystok and Minsk.

All Finland has revolted.

The crowds are most orderly, and the Governor-General has promised that the troops shall not interfere with peaceable people.

The Social Democrats demand the immediate summoning of a Constituent Assembly based on universal suffrage.

Authority in many towns of Finland has been transferred to a citizen guard. Finnish flags and •escutcheons take the place of Russian, on the public buildings. General Trepoff is suspected of trying to trip Count Witte by alternately tolerating and suppressing disorders. November 3. So far Count de Witte has been unable to complete the formation of his Cabinet.

There has been a recrudescence of repressive measures at St. Petersburg, and the uniye-vsities and academics are again

dosed, while demonstrations are forbidden. The cavalry ride the people off the r^ements, using their sabres without the slightest provocation. The outbreak of violence by the police and militia is attributed to the Court reactionaries and bureaucrats, who are seeking to convince the Czar that the concessions made mean

excesses.

From all over Russia reports are received of further sanguinary outbreaks. The Jews are the principal victims -i the mobs' violence. The military never prevent the attacks, and frequently participate in them.

There is a widespread belief that General Tropoff has regained the ascendancy over the Czar.

The Moscow railway employees, after resuming work, again struck yesterday.

The troops at Odessa are using numerous machine guns. The riots continue, though in a mitigated form.

The Jews exhibited desperate bravery. They suffered terribly.

The students killed 100 Cossacks by sniping and bombs. The Cossacks in- Rostoff joined the mob in shooting and pillaging the Jews, many of the latter being killed.

The crowd at Kheison, carrying the Czar's portraits and national flags, first pillaged the Jewish shops and then attended the cathedral.

The Black Sea fleet has arrived at Sebastopol, Admiral Birileff comman.ii.ig.

The press censorship has been abolished in St. Petersburg.

It is intended to grant an amnesty to all political prisoners excepting those guilty of murder and attempts to murder.

The .Government appeals to the people to be patient while the new regime is being prepared, as an enoz'mous amount of legislation is necessary in the way t f administration measures. Meanwhile the old laws must remain in force, thougn applied in the spirit of the Czar's manifesto.

Street fighting and looting, espe2iiily the Jewish quarters, was continued at Odessa throughout most of Thursday until martial law was proclaimed. The Governor threatened to use field guns to destroy any house from which a shot svas fired.

Hundreds have been massacred at Kishineff.

At Moscow a procession three miles long followed the remains of Nicholas Banmann, a reformer, who was shot in the riots. The revolutionaries kept order, and the police were invisible.

A partial railway strike continues, chiefly to prevent sending troops to Finland.

Prince Khilkoff {Minister of Public Works and Railways) is willing to. prepare a scheme to regulate the railway men's wages, but he resists an eight or ten houis' day.

The unions and other organisations and the professional classes demand the withdrawal of troops from St. Petersburg in favour of a militia drawn from the, people.

Two hundred bombs were exploded at Nikolaieff. All the shops were destroyed, and wholesale looting followed. The casualties were heavy.

The students and military at Odessa disarmed 5000 ruffianly loyalists, who were armed with revolvers.

On Thursday the troops at Kieff had an encounter with the demonstrators, killing five and wounding 55.

The troops participated in the pillage at Olodikoskos. Fifteen persons were killed.

The Governor of Warsaw, in a proclamation, says that certain elements of the population are trying to overthrow the foundations of public order, and obscuring the general rejoicing on the great holiday of freedom. He appeals to the cultured Poles to give proofs of their political maturity by refusing to obey the dictates of anarchy, and warns disftirbers of the peace that the Government possesses a force to severely repress anarchism.

After the troops on Thursday had killed four and wounded 42 demonstrators, the barristers of Warsaw telegraphed Count Witte that the troops were massacring the people regardless of the Czar's guarantee of personal liberty, and demanded the withdrawal of the troops and the abrogation of martial law. A council ,of workmen's delegates, held here, suspended the political strike, but advises that it will be resumed in arms in 30 days unless its demands are granted.

Only those newspapers ignoring the censorship are allowed by the workmen's council to appear.

November 4. The- Czar has signed an amnesty ukase. During thanksgiving services for the Czar's manifesto hooligans at KLshineff pillaged and burned most of the Jews' quarters. The authorities and troops are inactive. The shopkeepers' resistance l ed to an orgy of carnage, and telegrams describe the massacre as horrible. All the hospitals, pharmacies, and hotels are full of wounded and mutilated persons.

The whole town of Nicolaiff is in the hands of patriot bandits, who are looting the Jewish houses and beating the Jews to death. The authorities are not interfering. Similar news comes from. Sebastapol, Rofltoffondon, and Elisabetgrad.

Every Jewish shop has been wrecked in Kishineff.

The Clnistians were not injured if they displayed an ikon and had the Czar's portrait chalked across iheir doorways.

Baron Zuenzberg was wounded, and his house looted, millions of roubles worth of property being destroyed.

M. Kleigels, the Governor, has been removed from office.

Open war has broken out in Moscow between the revolutionaries and a black gang of ruffians organised by the monarchists in the interests of autocracy. Six hundred of the gang lay in wait for a procession returning from M. Banmann's funeral, killing 12 and wounding 20.

The authorities profess to be unable to control these loyalists. A similar gang at Tver, armed and paid by the police, exercise complete licente.

The statement that the strikes have been suspended for a month is not confirmed. It is expected that the Strike Committee will make an explanation on Monday, when the details of the amnesty will be known.

The warships station-el at Revel have started for Helsingfors.

November 5.

The Czar has signed a manifesto abolishing his dictatorship in Finland, rescinding the illegal enactments in force since the Bobrikoff regime, convoking the Finnish

Diet, - and making the Secretary of State responsible to the Diet instead of responsible to the Czar. .

The amnesty extends to crimes against the Emperor and Imperial family, participators in strikes, founders of revolutionary and secret societies. Other convicts cf ten years' standing will be transformed into colonists in Siberia. Other sentences have been reduced to one-half, and death penalties commuted to 15 years.

" The strike riots and attacks on the Jews throughout the Empire continue.

In the encounter at Moscow between the students and the loyal reactionaries many were shot with revolvers.

Dui'ing the riot at Hugulsovska hundreds of armed Jews attacked the English factory, and endeavoured to force the workmen to strike. Several were killed in the ensuing conflict.

There are grave disorders at Batoum, Yaroslav, Alexandrovsk, Baku, Novosibkov, and Archangel.

Mob law rules at Odessa.

In justice to the troops, is is said that they neither permit nor assist in the massacres of the Jews.

A hundred Jewish shops were wrecked, and there are 5600 wounded in the hospitals.

There were 500 casualties on Saturday.

The workmen's delegates at St. Petersburg are organising a monster proceesion to-day on the occasion of the funerals of the victims in the recent disorders.

General TrepofFs warning that no political demonstrations will be permitted, and demanding the abandonment of the plan, suggests the possibility of a second bloody conflict.

Count de Witte received the delegates- of the Central Strike Committee, and empowered them to inform the railway strikers that their demands would be granted.

November 6.

An unprecedented massacre took place at Odessa on Friday, when a gang of ruffians, headed by policemen and soldiers, sacked all the Jewish houses at Moldavanka and Stobodka (suburbs of Odessa). The occupants were felled and decapitated with axes, and nails were hammered into their heads, while their eyes were gouged out with pincers. Children were torn limb from limb, and their brains dashed against the walls. The corpses were hurled out of the windows. Every house was destroyed.

The aged and sick, who were discovered in cellars, were soaked with petroleum and incinerated. The police and soldiers appropriated the cash, leaving .the furniture to the mob

9 During the outbreak an officer begged his superior to give him a company of troops for the purpose of stopping the slaughter, but the authorities refused the request, declaring that Christians must be allowed to rent their feelings, which had been outraged by the Jews spitting on th-e Czar's portrait and insulting the flag.

An officer protested that the massacre of peaceful citizens was inexcusable by "officers, who were dishonouring the army and knowingly conniving at slaughter. The officer was arrested for insulting his supei'iors.

Many of the Jewish women at Odessa were disembowled.

The populace in the lowest quarters attacked the students, many of whom were saved by the citizens and militia, but the policemen, seizing the militiamen's revolvers, shot all the militiamen, leaving a free field for the hooligans. Tke police also fired on the bearers of the Red Cross in order to prevent them assisting the wounded, and helped in robbing the dead. One hundred and twenty hooligans were killed during the outbreak.

When all was over the Governor issued a proclamation warning the disturbers and pillagers that they would be severely dealt with. The police and Cossacks helped the hooligans.

The use of machine guns at Odessa on Friday repelled an attempt to release 1000 criminals.

Officers declare that a shot from Jewish windows exasperated the troops, and the police sent to the Jewish quarter a Maxim, to be used intermittently until 3 in the morning.

Twelve thousand were wounded, and probably 3500 killed.

General Trepoff has stringently ordered a restoration os — J —

At Kazan and Rostoff bombs wer= thrown at a reactionary procession.

At Baku and Tiflis many were killed.

One hundred were killed and 60C wounded at Minsk in a collision between the military and the populace. The municipality censured the authorities for committing illegal acts. Count de Witts has promised an inquiry.

M. Pobiedonesteff (Procurator of th« Holy Synod) is a prisoner in his house, hearing that there was a plot to assisinat< him.

General Trepoff declined to withdraw the troops and rely on the workmen foi the maintenance of order.

The proposed demonstration at St. Petersburg has been abandoned. Thy funerals of the victims of bloodshed weiV. conducted privately. . The Workmen's Councils urged th> crowds to disperse, and not to give a pietext for bloodshed, but to await until all were armed for an early struggle. The council's resolution declared that the workmen should choose a day not of General Trepoffs choosing for the final fight against the Czar's government

A crowd of 200,000 people witne,ssea the National Polish procession, which occupied two hours in parading. A citizen gnard -preserved order. Similar quiet was manifested at funerals at Lodz.

Count de Witte announces that the property qualification will be greatly lowered, and that the workers will have special representation.

LONDON, October 30.

The Daily Mail declares that GeneraJ Trepoff has completely cowed the capital.

October 31.

Reuter's St. Petersburg correspondenr reports that the Czar has charged Count de Witte with the duty of arranging foi a unification of the work of the various Ministers of State, preliminary to sanctioning a draft law creating a Council oi Ministers.

Russian and other .securities have 'iniproved on the Stock Exchange as a result of the Czar's manifesto.

The Times"' St. Petersburg correspondent states that only a few thousand persons are aware of the Czar's manifesto, and itis doubtful whether the revolutionaryleaders who demand universal suffrage and a constituent Assembly will be sat^ r with the Czar's concessions.

The employees in the Imperial B&ns. struck, but resumed work when they heard the Czar had signed the Constitution. November 1. The Times' St. Petersburg correspon dent says :—": — " The Constitution cam<" late, and has fallen flat. It has sat! nobody except the very moderate. - bulk of the St. Petersburg people- regard the manifesto as an avowal of weakness and an incitement to further agitation."

Fours rose

Russian stocks are buoyant. 3£ points in London.

November 2;

The Standard's correspondent, telegraphing at midnight, estimates the casualties at 5000. He says that General Itaulbars appears to have lost his head. The mob is on the verge of anarchy, and is bent on "wholesale plunder.

Reuter's correspondent at Kazan (430 miles east of Moscow) reports that apparently on the nights of the 28th and 29th .the Cossacks and police were, let loose, and permitted to kill and plunder at will.

They pillaged many shops, and fired indiscriminately wherever they saw a light in the windows.

Peaceable pedestrians were shot down, and one street was converted into a shambles.

Pools of blood dyed the snow opposite the ecclesiastical buildings.

The population is wild with rage, and the municipality protested to the Governor, who stated that the Chief of Police had-resigned, and that he had confined the _ Cossacks to their barracks. He authorised the civic militia to preserve order, and released the political prisoners.

The crowd removed the arms at the police headquarters for the use of the , town militia.

Reuter's Agency reports that the Strike Committee has decided to terminate the general strike to-morrow.

November 3. A late St. Petersburg telegram states that, the Strike Committee has decided that the general strike should end at noon to-day.

PARIS, November 2. The French newspapers state that Genera Trepoff has resigned.

COPENHAGEN, November 6,

Mr W. T. Stead, on being interviewed here, said he thought that Russia was on the eve of a most gigantic massacre. He believed that all the reforms had come too late.

VIENNA, November 1

Twenty thousand Socialists p:<rf,ic:ndi.«i.in the universal suffrage demons. tiation h'Ai here. The crowd cheered the Czar, Count Fejervaryj and the revolution.

" Fairplay "' directs attention to the rats of paid to roadmen employed by the Waikouaiti County. Several ratepayers to whom he has spoken on the subject all agree that these men are not paid wages commensurable with their positions and responsibilities, and he is sure that any reasonable person will say that the countyroadmen are entitled to tho same wage as the railway surfaceman — viz., 8s per day, instead of "6s 6d, especially when the expense they have to go to in buying their own tools is considered, as well as tha cost of keeping a horse, which they cannot possibly do without, as they have sometime^ as much as 14 miles to ride to thoir work."