Labour Market.

Otago Witness, Issue 1639, 21 April 1883, Page 15

Labour Market.

Mr Skkns reports :— A good many deadheads ami unHuitablcs arolai'ding. Wodon't* ant them. Bubhmcn, 7s. Ba, and 9s ; couples, £70 to £85 ; fhephords, £80 to £70 ; ploughmen, £52 to £05 ; station cooks, £1 10 a (slack time), buay time, 4 Oh to fcOa ; smiths ami carpenters, 338 to 4 'a ; day labour — light, &■>, 6s, and 7a; heavy, 8a and 9a; hotcltuun, 208, 30s, and 60s; groom I*,1 *, 20b and 25s ; gardeners, £811 to £120 ; milkers, 10s, 12a, 15s, and 20s ; hotel females, £40, £-15, and t52; domestics, 10^, 12s, to 15>j ; bnya, 5d tv 103; at'iremon. BOs ; barmiirlg, 20s to 30a; hou-ekeoper*, £40 to £8u ; farm labourers and ■' roustabouts," 16s to 20a; thresher attendants— drivers, 40a to 60a; feedere, 40a to 6"s ; Bdolr, •traw, and chaff mou, mostly by'tho quantity pui through. P. M. Grant and Co. report wages : For couple-i £60 to £80 ; gardeners, Bhopherdß, £60 to £65 ploughiaen, £52 to £05 per annum, and all found ; farm hands, groom", milkurs, 20s ; e'ution and (arm cook*, Mniths, carpenters, un<;ine-drivorH, 25s to 30j ; youths, boys, 5b ;o 10b ; hot> 1 hands, 15s to 25s per week, and found ; day labour, 6s to 83 ; smiths, carpenters, 84 to 10s ; donioßtic servants, farm, country, £30 to £45 ; hotels and town, lia, 15s, 20s; nurßOgirU, 6a, 10s; barmaidH, cook" 20s, 30a

nmmc, bui they new not.hi g of fl'tj aud sharps till Guido, an Italian, introduced them. Another question would arise - W/e there ever a time iv the different epoch-* of > he world when all the notes wore full ton.-? [f Mi WWiaru can .nswer these queg- ' tiuna ho will excell till (he mus cians I have put the' queuti.i so—Wos o— Wo shall g auy pub.iah a reply from Ml Wishart S. V, lnveicaruJll. asks: -In thero nnch a, eonff as "I g zo v on thu elittering >ea?" also, if it is from -*ny opora, aud who is the author or composer? ' . J. J. X., Peninsula, wdtea :-- -During the p»st sigh* or vine inghtb 1 have noticed a ruhu'.i forming under tho risrht point of the Southern Umsj, in tho vicluity of tho comut. C^n you tell ma whether anytnmg ib known about it 7—\lr7 — \lr Beverly 'rsplies : " 1 havo seeu nothing unuhU.il in the viuinity of tho Southern Cros-s, and do not know to what J. J. R. lefers, unl«s3 it be to, Kappa Crucis, which has tk« appearance of a nebula to he nafeed eye. It U situated near Beta Cruci-», between it and tho coolsack, and the telescope shows it to bo a fine cluster' of coloured stars, wh eh Sir J. Herschell called tk« jov\el casket. The grwt comet, which is now invisib c, is in the opposite quarter of tbe sky." Th« Thrrshino Qukbtion.— Mr F. MaHnlngr, Walker street, writes as follows on this question : In 'answer to " Thresher," Ngapara, I may state that Marsh ill's will thresh and dress more than 10 tacks • per hour. In proof or this I can refer your corre^ HV-'Ondent to the ttialsin connection with the Sidney Exhibition, where Me srs Marshall, Sons, and 00. wero awarded the only first prize for threshingmachines At this trial the eruin was threshed b/ thi-ir machine at tho rate of 2J bushels per minute. Sincu then great improveme its h^ve been made In '• thin machinery, and the threshing and dressing capacity i f these machiiies yrcatly increased. This uill be -jeen by refere'ice to j o»r "own corre-pon-dent's" letter frim G'enkenich, in your last issuo, in which ho -tates that Me^ars B and and Smith's lmchinc (a Marsha I) threshed and dresl-d, to the Fatiafac-ion of the owner, >:rain an the laro of a aaelc per minute ; aNo to a let er, signed " Thresher," Tima> v, in which the writer states that; he is working two of Marwliall's lutest improved, and can thresh and dress, to compete with any other maker, 84 gsicks per hour. I co-Jld sUto numerous instances where far mote grain hai been threshed by a Marshall's 4 feet 6 inches machine than stated by your corr«apond«nt Regarding the m inufacturers not adapting thU machinery to suit tha requirements of the Colonies, and turning a deaf ear to ail suggestions for improvement, t say this is incorrect, and for proof ot this vrou'd ask your correspondent to compare Mebsrs Marshall's threshing-machise of a few years back with their present one?. In these, as in th>ir engines, several improvements will be seen which have been made from suggtatiou received in tbe Colonies. If " Thresher " will kindly try mo in this resp ct, he Trill find I will not turn a deaf ear, but a willing one. There la only one of Messis Marshall's self-feeders that has keen worked north of Dunedin, vnd that was sant to Oainaru lust month. Tho owner of this has sent word that it is giving ev> ry wtigfaction. There ars several of thosi South which have been working for tho last four or five years succeasf ully. ' A *' Kgßr para correspondent " wiites as if the trial at 13athur«t (at which he states Robey and 00. received fltoc pri«o) had to do with the Sydney Exhibition. This letter it apt to lead people to baliove that Hobey and O>. took first honours there. I havo expend ced something of this sort before, and f r the information of jour readers I wish to arate that Messrs Marshall, Sons, and Off. rece.ved the only fint prieo for threshing-machines a& the Sydney Exhibit on Tney Tecrired irst priz- 1 at Bithurst in lt<Bo, and at the Victorian Agricultural hho v, JBBI, they took two gold medals, 11 rat prizes, and two silver medals, si>eclal , fir-it prizes of iho Melbourne International Exhibition. Your correspondent's assertion that th» Robey machine will thre.h and dress moro grata th m any o ho hardly requires answering, as you Rev. ral correspondents i a c done this alrsadf, from which it will be seen th«Mes-rs Marshall d« not require to speci illy mako a machine to thresh' 2000 ba.ihtln per day, as tho\ have them already ia the Colonies. As some of" your readers may no doubt like to know something about ths works of a firm that produce au-h machinery, I give theVol- ' 1 wing :— Tney are a imifed on all haudi to bs th» model f iiimlry and engineeriuif works of England, being the b> at arranged, and having the stoat approved machinery plunt extent.' In 18S1 thsy ©m--ployed over 2000 handn and I am inf irrued by them lutoly that they li-n c found ii necessary to iuerea-* thdr works to ihroo times their former sice. Their boiler department is working nUjht and day, as besides what they requiro for their own man fao •- turpa, thoy aTe wnpplyi.'g several of the principal makers of engine-. — -mch as Tangye Brothera and Holman— witfi boilere. They are now manufacturing compound engines of every type, and their o-dorsinthU depirtmont exceed their o\paeity of output/. The new automatic ei[)»nsion gear applied to these engines dispenses with the throttle valve altogether. Tha trover nora, which are kighly sen itive and powerful, net on an expansion cut-Off valvo working ats fcho back of the main slidn Talve, and ihs upsid is thoroughly controlled by meant of the expansion raU-e, which rei;ulata3 the admission of steam into the ovlinder exactly in proportion to the work done. Engiies Sited with 'his gear develop moro powtr, wi h less fuel, than if fitted with throttle valves In tho ordtuary way. The Roslyn and Mornington tramway engines, which are by Marshall, Sons, and Co., are fitted with this Stylo of gear. Subscriber Kaitan?ata, asks : — What is the population of Dunedin ami -üburbs ?—33,022,? — 33,022, the number for the city proper being 24,441. Old Subscriber writes : — Davidson and Oonyers, ths original contractors for tho Kiverton Orepuki railway, having asmgnsd their estate, who is now the reHpons bio party ? — Wo cannot say, bus perhaps some one in tho district' may be able to supply the inf 'rmation as^ed for. Constant Hbader, Skippers.— The Picton rush took

place iv 1804. J. M.— Tho Wain caso being sub judke, it would lw unfair to publi&h jour lived. GaAHs writes :— Can you give me tho name of the following grass?— Millot (millieun eanigerum). It wouid not bo worth your while- to save nuoh a IDMII quantity for seed. A Hard Case writes : — I own section 18, block I, • Moetaki; my neighbour owns section 14 I keep ' h'irriea and c ittle ; my neighbour Iteept aheep. H« j?avo mo uotico to put an extra wire on tho fence opposite tho paddock, in which the sheep were srrasiing. I did so. The Bheep— a email flock at fl at — incrpssed, in consequence of careful attention and good manage rnont, to about ICO. They wera shut into MnaU i aadooka of about 30 acres in sin. ■ After eating d->wn tho grass they commenced ok the twiga ol tho gorse fence, and ultimately ate th« hedgo baro enough to bo able to make r.helr way through into my paddock five or six times My neighbour being unwell, I did not like to complain • but my wif,- complained to his eldest 90u, who made tho excubo that tha feucu was not very good. Have I sutti ieut grounds for an action? Yes; you can recover damages. Setiiißß., Waifcvkl, write3 :— The following is t proposed bj e-law to be brought in force in the county ot Waitaki :— "On and »f er tl>e jjaaettlnjr of this bye-lnw tho width of tho tyrea of all the wheels of every vehicle drawn on any of tho county ro*di by five or more than flvo horses shall be not less tfcaa six inches, and any peison ffendinj? against the pi-ovibions of this h> c law shall dq liable to % penalty not exceeding £10 Veiling " Four other clauses follow in referenco to penalties, &c. (l) Is thero - ' any such bye-law in existence in any county in Otago or iv Sonthland ? If -o, please insert it for our Kinformation. (2) Is it jmt and equitable that a cart or dray should bo 'allowed the same number of horses to drag a load as a van or waggon — namely, fur hor.->(-s — b< fore the owner is compelled to put on bix-incli tyre 3? (i) Would six hordes to a van or wang.l), ( r ff O \ir horses to a cart o. dray.be a fs.it minimum befoie adopting the six-inch tyres* (4) Will t\y i drnys tarrying throo tons lOcwt, " and " drawn by four hordes each, dimago tha road* mora or less than a wusrgor*. earn iug -,eveu toos weight,-' - the tyre- of ti -c whet'ls bei g the same breadrh— t c., two and :i-half or.three inches in both cases ?— (I) We can not answer this question (2, 3, i) Wherefore .<dx. Inch tyres 1 The width is pr poßterous, as a feurr inch tyre is consideied sufficient for a liquid manure distnhutoi. Tho h ighc of whoeis, wMth of f.yro. stoadineai of draught, and evennes-t and condlrlo» of road arc ail factors to bo est'ra.itod. If on affnodL bound hv.rd n ad. fcho diays onld do leant damag^ because iheve would bo Bteady shafting; but oS rutty, ill-lai't roadi this would ba imuossibU, ani thcref jre tho swaying and cutting of th« wheels would bojfieatei-, A waggon, n-awithstandtas- ite - extra weight, would do leas damace— the courw ql the wheels would lie truo and the draught lew wnfc vided tho \\ aggon wheels be sufficienfly hfgh •