THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

Otago Witness, Issue 663, 12 August 1864, Page 4

THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

We co niiii'e onr ex»>-accs from the Cape pape.s by tbe l?su o^oorturtiuy : —

KRELI AND HIS TRIBE.

Si* Walter Cur'-e., givin-j evidence beVe a Committee of the Legislative Coi-Deil in 1861. fcaid :—

" Tbe r raos>eian country^ soroewiip.t Jar?er ..''no Kaff. aria, or peihaps about the fiprne &ize, reaching f-om the sea to the Drakeaberg mouuiains. rtoce the excision of Kreli, theie has been vo one living there except a few natives. \?'<o have been avowed to go ia with the cooceofc of tlie Gove'-iJipenv, and pay lares. Some of them ?s<-isted in Kre'i's exoulsion under Major Gawler, and they were a' lowed to remain t!>>ee ye^rs without paying taxes though I believe that oow tbe period has elapsed, and tbey a'so pay. Nearly the whole of it is an Piyicultural country!, Tho vnper part is very good for pasturage, but tie lower pan ceitainly not,— the same as Ka2fiaria itself. Since we expel'ed Kreli, we have only had 100 men of onr fovce the. c, excHisive of certaia Kaffirs under a magistrate, who also act as policemen, bi'fc do cot belong to our force. These 100 men are posted, at three stamens — fifty a* Butterwoi th, tweoty-five clo«e to the Bashee, and twenty-five at Isouio. another wag-goo-rocd which come 3 out from Q(»eeo's Towii. if this country i 3 Dot speedily occupied under some form of jtove nment, I anticipate evil consequences will follow. You must either <set)d a iar^e force to hold it as it is, and keep it clea-', or there will be mveh danger from the accomu'a.iou of Kre'i's tribe, w.n'ch is fas* gathering iirck. He will not be &ai,isfied ifheonJy sees a Luadful of n?eu there, but he will g-adually come back til! he &ei,s to the boiwda y-lioe of Brilish Kaffrada and Queen's Town. When I left Kreli first of all, he had not 500 meg wi.h aim, and nov be has at least 3000. I saw 2000 myself al one meeting while I was with him, and they tre coming in to him from every quarter. There was not a single road I traveled in wbicli I did not meet dozens of Gtoleka KaSks wa -deuDg back both, from the West and East, from opr own country, and from Faku's people, anil from Moshe^h's, each driving a beast or a few goats. Kreli will raturally collect fiem all, and then he will fall back to his old position, the meseni 'ooundary-lioe on the Kei. This will iuing him into conjunction with Sandilla and Uota, which would uusettle them immediately. It would also bring him ia connexion wi Jh tbe Queen' 3 Town line by the Indwe— the very place wuere I had to go b-fore I could attack vim, and P^ht and catch Vandana, who is now on Robben Is'and, who was then plundering to such an extent tirt the Queen's Town country coold not stand it. Kreli was then in conjunction with Vandaua, and waa receiving half the stolen property at that very time; so that in a shori time we will bare to fight him again, unless the Trajjskeian country is occupied in the way I have already Btated. Kreli is the paramount chief, and is naturally, theretore, looked upon as the great protector and defender of the frontier Kaffirs. He had once 10,000 men, but his tribe ia now reduced to 3 000. The other portions have been scattered to ihe winds of heaven, through the famine brought about by their destruction of their own cattle. They came into the colony in thousands, others went over to the Basutos, and in other directions; and I met them now returning when I was last

there. I dare say by this time, instead of 3,000, Kreli has 5.000 around him 8o strong is the testing of the Kaffirs towards their chief, tbat Mr Jenkins and M..* White, the mhaonar'es, stated ihal twice the news came out to the stations ■ hat the Oalkekes were wanted at home. They we-e both, as it afterwards appeared, false reports; yet, although it waa the fcowng season, the whole of them left then crops growing, aud away ,bey wen., to the chief, who was very an?ry with them for coming, and sent them back. Tbat happened a second time ; and io only shows tbat they wilt sacrifice eve^ythiug whea the. cf 1 ! comes, wherever ihey are. I ca.inbt explain what influence the chje.' possesses over his people after fie has lost all the aitiibotes o. a sovereiga It 18 hereditary amoo<r the Kaffir i,i!)es. He is considered ihe pivat eiiief aod treated with the same respect, even although h<? had nothing to eauaad has to buy his bread. I do not think it is personal affecdon. be"?use if they look cioss ne would cut their hei>Us off -he would just order them aside, and you wonld never see them a^ain, His influence has a most mancaletfect but it i* just the same with other inoes of natives. KieVs a 3 e is about six or seven and forty. He has aeve-al sons, but one has never spoken to him lately, nor rome intobis councils. He is wa%ij wi h his father for jir.vmg sacrificed bis riadts in his own country by cjving acted so iowa.'ds the Bruish Govern. ™ en . 1 -: £« i» his neat ma, an.', in fact. Kreli ia afraid oi bis hie, tor he vbreateos him."

DR. LIVINGSTONE AND THE ZAMBEZI MISSION.

Dr Livingstone proceeds to Bombay in the Nyassa steamer, calling 1 at Johanna oa ilia way His present intention is to sell her there • and he pxoeote to realise ia sum no£ mneh short of what was originally paid for her. From Bombay Dr Livingstone returns to England, but what his Uifcme movements msy be can, of course, only be a useless speculation at present. He sometimes °peaks with coufldence of his relurn to the scene of hia late labors— to contiuue bin explorations — perhaps alone an<i unaided, except hya few native follower. So confident, indeed, is he of his return, that he intends leaving many thm^ behind at Johanna, to be picked up by him on his return. It may seem a contradiction oa hw part to entertain th:s hope, and yet to be dow on bis way to Bombay with Ihe object of selling the Bteamer so well adapted tor future exnlorations. But if he ever comes out aaain his means will be limited, and he cannot afford" the expense ot a steamer.

Dr. lAvipsptone has discovered several very large lakes' in a direction north-westerly from Lafee Njas&a. When I say he has discovered then, I do not mean thai he has visited them, bat has oply ascertained that there are such lakes. Ha was witirip thirty miles of one, and saw larse rivers ron-iiosr in a westerly direction that fell into the Jakes. Ii: seems a very great pity that he was recalled at the very time those discoveriea we»-e just beginoiog to be made by him, and he was wivhin suoii a short distance of them.

There ia a marked difference in tbe doctor since I saw him at Qui'imaine, ia November, 1862. He is not so robust or stroog looking ; and tbat maryeHoos seose of hearing, which was more developed in Lim than iv any per&on I have ever met— and to which I have o%n thought he had been mainly indebted for many of his escapes by " flood and fleW-is* not nearly so strong as it was. Thfs may be fairly attributed to a slight sunstroke he bad id one of his late travels. Hewas sitting in a hut, the roof of which was full of holes, and he fell asleep in a chair, or whatever his seat was. when the sun shooe throueh one of the holes with copcentiaued strength on his head, aud caosed slight suasroke. There are Borne nautical^ people who think Livingstone wrong in attempting to coss the Indian Ocean in such a ves;el as tbe Nyassa, aad predict a calamity which all would rcarei moch- But f think the doclor'B usual good foitune will not desert him on febis trip.

Inventor op Gaslight?.— The inventor of gAslifthts was a Frenchman, Plullp>ie Le Bon. an ensineo' 1 of roads and b idge?, who, in 1785, adopted the idea of usin-y, forVue purpose of illumination, the gases «"isti'led enuring the combustion of wood He labored for a long time in the at'empt to pc- fee'e his crude i 'vention, and it was not inti) 1799 that he confided his discovery tothe Institute. In Septe*nbe t -, 1800, he took out a oatenfc.. and if 1801 he published a memoir containing the result of his researches. Le Bon commenced by distilling wood, in order to obtaio from it gas oil, pitch, and pyi-olierneo.'s acid, b)'t his work indicated ihe po«ssbi'ity of obiainiog gas by distillation 6-om ffctty ov oily substances. From 1799 to 1802. Le Bon made numerous exoeriments. He established at Havre his Bvst thermo-lamps, but the gas which he obf/iined being a mixture of cavburettett hydrogen ' and oxide of carbon, and (jut imperfectly freed from its impurities, gave only a feeble V%\xi, and evolved an insupportable oilov, anu the "e&ult was, that bat little favor was shown to the new discovery; the inventoi' uliimatel died, ruined by his eipeviments. The English sooa pi<l in practice the crude ideas of Le Bon. In 180 i, Windsor patented and claimed the credit of inventing the •n-ocesi of lighting by gas ; in 180& several shops in Birmingham were illuminated by gas, manufactured by the process of Windsor and Murdock ; among those who used, this new light was^ Watt/the inveucor of the steam-engine. la 1816, the fi .sfc use was made of gas in London, and it wfta not until 1818 vhat thia invention, really of F.-ench origin, was applied in France.— New York Magazine. PRiNTfHG Without Ink.— a. gentleman, alarge caoitalist, and one of the most successful inveutovb of the day, has succeeded in chemically treating tbe pulp, during the process of manufacturing prin.ing paper, in such a manner that when the p?ptr is impressed upon the uninked types the clieidical particles are crushed, and a perfect black impression is tbe result. The advantage sought to be obtained is the discarding ink and rollers ; and by revolutionising printing machinery 'and printing from a co>itinuons roll of paper, it is calculated tbat tbe time occupied in impressing large quantities of paper will be* nominal in comparison to the requirements of the present day. Cleanliness in the printing office would thus become proverbial, and the time now wasted making, inking, and distubuting rollers obviated. We have been assisting this gentleman in some parts of his experiments, and further information is withheld at his own request, until letters paten shal! be obtained. — London Typcgraphico Advertiser.