EDINBURGH.

Otago Daily Times, Issue 235, 20 September 1862, Page 5

EDINBURGH.

(FROM 088 OWN CORUESPOKDENT.)

Edinburgh, July 24, 1802,

I hope the inhabitants of the new D unedin are ; blossed with far better weather than that at which everybody bat1 the umbrella-sellers is grumbling in the old. "The grey metropolis of tho North— as, since the Poet Laureate used the phrase, almost everyone who has written about Edinburgh has thought it incumbent upon him to call ', her—just now is a moistly melancholy 'breeding-" cage for blue dovil3. Evor since St. Swithin's ' day, and long bafore, the. ruin, with little intermission, has been coming down in a drizzle or a ' flood. A torrent rattled oa the ro>k, and , flushed thegutterstheatherday 3 Avhiph!eninded me of Melbourne oxperienca—how wlien a just landed new chuni, encamped on Enerakl Hill in an untrenched tent, I was "suddenly sot afloat on a flour barrel, and washed part of the way to ] | Canvas Town. Here, however, there is no sun to dry the drenched one like that which drinks up thirstily Australian summer rain. Not more ' than once or twice this " summer" has a sittiiv- ■ room without a fire, in this' part of the world, felt much.-warmer than mi ice-house. Farther north snow has fallen and rain. The good people of ! Inverness laughed with good reason when .their ! extremely caution mnnicipal magnates, shivering • in great coats, considered it necessary to issue the j usual notice touching the muzzling of-dog* in what ought to bo the height,ofsummer, "it is ' I the human not the canine creation which at ■ I present suffers from hydrophobia in Scotland. In ' England the weather has not been very much finer than here, and accordingly the hosts of foreign j visitors to the Exhibition have been confirmed in their worst prejudices as to the unvarying atrocity ' ;of the English climate. If they had visited London this time last year, they might have en- ! joyed gloriously golden days—such as Charlotte Broute poetically likens to birds of gor"eous ' plumage that'have lighted in wonder on our ( British shores. The Frenchmen have had little nght to complain. Their St. Medard lias been watering French almost as plentifully as St. ' S within is deluging British soil. Some damage ' will, it is feared, be done to the grain by this ■ damp weather. Much damage has been done to ' I the groase, young birda having perished, and numbers of eggs haying been addled. Our logis- '. lators will" break up^iiu time to get to the moora on the first day of shooting, since Parliament contrary to general expectation of an even more protracted session-—is to be prorogued upon the ' Off*« The nni.it piquant Parliamentary incident ' of late v/; ;i a sharp passage of words between '. Lord PaV.ner.ston and Mr. Cobdea on the subject of national defences. Mr. CoMeu spoke ia any- ' thing but a. flattering way of the Premier, ami Lord Palmerston very plainly toM the lion. ' member for Rochdale that, although, no doubt/ , he possessed respectable bagman-like abilities, he ' was utterly incapable of taking a rational part in , the highest matters of statesmanship. Lord i Ntavcs. (of the Court of Session), who has recently published in the Scotsman one or two very i smart little pieces of rhymed comment on passing ' events, thus, taking for his title the proverb ' which the Premier quoted, repeats the lesson ' which he gave:— ■ 1 : "NB SUTOR ULTRA .CREPIDAM." ! Cobden, though scant of Grecian lore, ! ! You surely have been toM before, ' 1 How great Aprils st>oped lib ear \ A cobbler-critic's wor<is to hear, Who kuowingly explained his views ' As to tfie nuike of Venus* shoes. * But when he ventured to aspire, > And fiud out faults a little higlier, ' The painter felt the limit past, ' And bado the cobbler -miad his last. ' CoMen, to you we owe a debt We would not willingly forget .Better than many of your betters, ' You saw how Commerce pined in fettera, , ' Ami proved.how great a puhlic good * Is Freedom for the People's Foot!, I Bat don't on this account suppose * Your skill or power to all things goes. • The heights and depths of Peace and War ] Are themes', I f-ar, beyond you. far. j Though fit in TraJe to be our tutor, , Oa other paiuts you're like the tutor ; i And jastly was the sentence parsed \ That bade you Uteiy—Mind your lait. ] '■ Cobden, Bright, and their small sect—whose i opinions that wretchedly written, ill-informed i uninfluential journal, the Morning Star expresses i —envy, with a bitter jealousy, the Premier's - popularity. lie is by far the most popular man in Great Britain. In his frankness, his humour, his geniality, hi 3 courage, his unflagging activity' < his thoroughly "English" feeling, there are ■ charms which win for him the national heart. At the last Oxford Commemoration, lie had tho degree of.D. (VL. conferred upon him, and the roof of the theatre rang with the repeated cheers of the undergraduates, when he made his appearance ia his robes. Oae of the most unpopular men in London, a short time ago, was the Duke of Euccleuch. Inhabitants of Otago need not he told that bis Grace is anything but remarkable for the readiness with which he grants land for public purposes. Holding Montague House on a crown lease, the Duke strenuously opposed a proposed embankment of the .Thames from Blackfriars to Westminster Bridge,.because, forsooth, he -wished to have no vulgar cabs and omnibusses passing between the river and his nobility. The metropolitan papers opened a fierce fire on such insolently selfish exclusiveness, and backed by public opinion, have secured the embankment. British public opinion, as expressed in. Parliament and the Press, has borne less pleasant fruit. General Butler, the Fedeval Commandant at New Orleans was brutally cowardly enough to order that any New Orleans ladies, who might manifest . their hatred of Federal rule by 'deed, word, or look, should be treated by his soldiers as "women of the town." A yell of execration, to speak figuratively, arose on this side of the Atlantic, when tidings of Butler's barbarous mandate arriyed. In consequence, the Federals have resolved as soon as they can do so conveniently, to go to war-with us. They effervesce with fiercest indignation at the thought that tho Britishers have dared to denounce behaviour, the baseness of which was never surpassed. They, who pretend that in the United States alone can chivalrous treatment of the fair sex bo found, The " Young Napoleon" having just been compelled to "advance backwards" towards Richmond having .been repulsed in a series of bloody battles, and force-Uo flee several miles to the shelter 6t Ids gun-:jats, placing in a panic one wing of his armj behind the other '(a "■strategic movement1' which the New York journals extol as ah unparalleled-display of skill),—in one sense certainly such strategy never was equalled,—we need not,Ttlrink, be very much frightened by the ; ■wild menaces hissed at us across the sea. Some of tha French accounts of the American war/were singular." Oue'of the French correspondents stated that tfife Confederates have burnt so many head of negroes—the burning of sundry bales of "negrohead" ia the foundation of this J rumor. '■

la Mexico the i ;ich. forces have suffered a ■decided check; '. •• i large reinforcements will soon reach the.n, southing heroes-of Juarez's Hrmy will have t. their tone. The insolence of triumph the,) indulged in over the fact that, being grta jarior in number, they have S managed to <h small body of French, who j had boen dec* »• - > the belief that the bulk of ! the Mexicans w ady to receive them, not with I pointed but wit., a urms, has roused'u feeling iof wrath m the i^iich army which the boastful Mexican braves will speedily have cause to rue. A French genealogist has disI covered tlmt Jiis Empress is the heir jof Mqntezuma, and affirms, as a corollary, that Mexico ought to be an appanage of Franco I Uruucea armed occupation of a portion of the American Continent will complicate the question of European intervention between the Federals and Confederates. A belief that such an intervention must take piece is growing gradually in America, as well as rapidly spreading in Europe liussia, apparently, would be the power best fitted to take the initiative in such a measure { English andlieneh intervention, whether the two powers offered it singly or united the Federals would probably . refuse—resentfully— to accept. It is said that, the Comte de Paris and= the Due de Cliavtres have left the Federal array because they believe that French intervention will soon be offered, and rejected with a haughtiness that yrill necessitate hostilities; and, ot course, it is not their policy to bear arms against Frenchmen. If the whole of Europe would unite to supplicate the dis-united Americans not to cut one auother's throats, it is probable, wo are informed, that the proposal might be graciously considered. The beautiful Eugenieis reported to ho enceinte —at any rate she is either very sick or very sulky. Miiroina-in'law has been sent for. The Empress's strong pro-Papal leanings (she has recunly started a paper in Paris to support' the Pope's cause) and perhaps a divide! possession of her haslwnd's heart do not tend not make her marrirl lita happy, She pleaded " indisposition " as an excuse tor staying sit homo, but was forced to accompany the Emperor on his recent visit to Auvorgue, when IS, deMorny was made a Duke. The speech winch he delivered just before he was raised to the ducal dignity, was v most ludicrous specimen of fuls«me flattery. To prove the attachment of the inhabitants of Auvergne to the Bonaparte family, M. de Morny stated, as a merit, that when they voted for Louis Napoleon's eleva- ! tion to the highest office in Franco, they believed that they were voting for his revivified undo. I his story has often been told by Louis Napoleon's foes, as a proof of the besotted fanaticism of his supporters ; it is strange to encounter it gravely paraded by one of the best of fits friends. The Empress,l may remark in passing, who, during her stay in.Scotland nearly two years ago (she is coming again, ondit, this year) took a morbid delight in tracing a resemblance between herself and Mary Queen of Scots, (Eugenic, as I, who saw her in Darnley's chamber at Holyrood, can testify, is Jar better looking than am' portrait of Mary Stu.irt I ever saw,) lias now taken it into her lovely littlo head that sho resembles Mano Antoinette. Tho Turner .so i for a.% faces are concerned, would be a harmless i and by no means sdf-ft mering folly, but the I belief that her fate ia to tolly with the fortunes jof thosn luckless queens is calculated to prey scri- | ously oa the Empress's health and spirits. The I Emj»cror could not carry flue weather to a ! watering pbee which he may be said to have created, Vichy, but he caused to congregate there a bevy of belles, both of the mantle and of the demi-monde, on luring thoughts intent. A raemI ber of the latter section of society—or sstnisociety, I smppose I ought to say—adopted as her call-bird a canary which fluttered, aiid twittered in her bosom. During his stay at Vichy the medical tyrants who had dominion over him, only allowed ti • Emperor to smoke one dynr per diem. ANtvy :!;.!,aid invalid is staying" at I V ichy, who gays t;,.v. he was driven thither by a I complication of >. Una caused by "ofSeial anI floya:;ucs"~proiv '.}y amongst which he esmjineratcs the «-r. .ut of Armstrong Runs for 1 fighting in N< . and fero. Uncharitable arsons nillrni offlcinl annoyances" is a euphemism for Ai;i milk." At Lucer^i t time ago, the Count de C lamtwrd coii«-<; ,ts four thousand Legitimists, lac iTrail of uu rumour, will be that in ? Lointe will vi -i>:tnont nnd endeavour to effect a f.siioa of the i. wi of the two branches of the French Bourbons. ...ain Nnpoleon treated tli's Swiss KUliorJ.ig with mp?erae contempt. The French liavisrnnien!, however, i>rofo<s*l to think it accessary to pro wute a secret society which km been discavure«l or invented hi Park Th? j»olitical programme of this society is «o insanely socialistic, that thew is fjwJ re-Mson t$ believe that the Parisian Police have manufactured the conspiracy, and bribed the assarted conspirators to suffer short terms of impriwament, in or«!f<r to discredit genuine plota against the Government, A. contra*ens? has recently been revived as to whether Oambronue dii really exchim at Waterloo, "The Guard dies, but does not surrender!" An oM soldier has been found in Lillie, to swear Uiat he heard Carabronna utter this oft quoted sentence twifo, but according to the weight of evidence, what Cambroane crieti out when called upon to y'wli, was far too filthy for Cho to banrl down to posterity. . The' Eraptror'B "Life of Cxiar*' will soon make its appearance. His campaign in the land of Cmsar even did not interest his Imperial Majesty more than docs the progress of this carefully compiled biography through tho press. M. Tagrcs has been ordered to paint a fancy portrait of the great Roman, which is to be engraved for the Imperial production. .Fifty copies of tho book are to be struck olFon flue veHuns for presentation to Royal readers. Each of these is to be illuminated by hand with designs having reference to the recfpieut'3 reilm. An autobiography of Chnrles V., I which Phillip 11. was supposed to have destrored, ! has beon discovered at Bourgcs. Don Juan'has , relinquished hw claims to the Crown of Spain, concerning which, a short time ago, he issued a manifesto, with the very unkingly date of " Can-non-street, London, E.C." Tho ycung King of Porttigal is about to marry a daughter of the King of Italy, tho Princess Maria Pin, who, oddly enough, is I'io Nono's god-daughter. Russia and Prussia — the latter apparently very grudgingly — have, thanks to French influence, acknowledged the Kingdom of Italy. "Thank you for nothing," seems to be the sentiment of the Italians in reference to the Prussian recognition. The Russian was celebrated hy fetc-3 in many Italian towns. Garibaldi, however, who, invaluable as a combatant for Italian freedom, becomes a cause of great anxiety to those who wish to consolidate Italy in a time of. peace, owing to his impulsiveness and proncness -to listen to advisers of extreme views, who play upon him like a pipe.—this pipe being a potential trumpet,—Garibaldi has recently, in very intemperate and, considering what Louis Napoleon has .done and dared for Italy, very un grateful language, denounced the Russian recognition, because it was obtained through the instrumentality of France. There is. a rumor that Garibaldi is about to invade the Pontifical territories. The Princes 3 Cldthilde has been delivered of a son. A London paper, already mentioned, announces that an attempt has been made to assassinate the Emperor of Russia. That journal's information, unless when borrowed cold from contemporaries it gratefully abuses, being by no means remarkable for accuracy, I trust this report will prove to be unfounded. Czar Alexander evidently wished, at any risk, to do right,—any would : be murderer of his I would consign to the tender mercies of tho hangman, whom Russia has lately borrowed from England. The Czar'a disposition, derived from and fostered by his mother,inclined him to disinterested liberalism. An attempt has boon made upon the life-of the Grand Duke ConM.u,tine, who rules in Warsaw, but has been powc- \i -* to force him into reactionary rigour, althot > ~'ie closely previous attack on General Lud<~ ■ ,^ht have made a less magnanimous man 1 ■ ihafc the Poles had'resolved' to assassinate Russian governors. The Grand Duke, < ,ther hand, has expressed hi 3 belief that - vies find no favour in the eyes of the no). i people. His newly-born child has been >d by a Polish name, which never before tv the! nomenclature of the Russian royal Incendiary fires, attributed to political cau ,ye of late caused a good deal of excitement., ~assia.. A British fleet could not get into Cron^adt harbor under |hd command ? iJLpharles Na Pier. bat such a squadron will probably auclior in those waters, acting as an escort to the Prince of Wales, wlio is about to

make a northern tonr, probably for the purpose of being-introduced to a Danish bride. A very striking onti-Gernian rapprochement has taken place between Denmark and Sweden, and Norway The students of tbc three nations have fraternised in the most enthusiastic manner, and the two monarchs have exhibited themselves hand in hand upon a Copenhagen balcony. The whole of Scandinavia resents the bullying interference of Germany in the attmrs of Sciileswig. Having got upon the subject of princely vojagings, I may mention that it is probable that Prince Alfred will aoon visit the bouth Pacific. Ia that ca ß o it is almost certaiu that the St. George would anchor in Otago Harbour. General Bruce, the Prince of Wales'* Governor, who accompanied His Royal Higncss in hia eastern tour, died a short time ago, and was buried in lhunferinline. Canon Stanley, the biographer of Dr. Arnold, who also accompanied the I nnc», preaching before him amidst the Egyptian rums and beneath the cedars of Lebanon—a broad-hearted and wide-minded clergyman, whose previous eastern travels had made him an authority on biblical geography—conducted, in conjunction with Dr. Chalmers, of the Scotch Kirk, the funeral services. A wreath bearing this inscription-." A last token of love and respect from m^ ffenS nV an, a Alice,"-was laid upon the coßlu. Whilst in Edinburgh tfie Canon naturaliy sought an opportunity of foregathering with his tongenial^end, Dr. « Doggie V Brown, autlu r of Kah und im Friends." To him the Caaon told a story of how he had recently found himself beneath the liands of a theological barber in London, who had talked most learnedly of « Essays and Rev Cows,"ows," and all tho divisions of the English Church, High, Low, and Broad, Puseyite and 1 uritan. Evangelical and Lntitudinarian, Orthodox and Vis Media, etc., etc.,—finishing off with a criticism on the publications of the Canon on whose locks or beard, unconscious of his customer's identity, the man of scissors and soap was operating. No further attempt I understand, is to be made to punish the authors of " Essays and Reviews," for having printed what they thought. I need not give an account of the amiable young Princess Alice's wedding. Full details ofthat are sure to be extracted from the London pajK-rs, into other* columns of the Daily I tmes. Before bidding the Royal Family good-bye, however, I may mention that the Queen and all her unmarried children, with the exception of Prince Alfred, reached Balmoral ycsU'i-day, for a month's stay. An Englishman has again carried off the Queen's prize-at the Wimbledon rifle competition. This year Mr. Pi.xley, of the Victoria Uifles, is the champion marksman. The Duke of Wellington, the Colonel of the Victorias, delighted not only at the success of Mr. Pixley, but also at the number of prizes which the gentlemt-n of his corps liare obtained, has sent them, if I remember rightly, 25 dozen ol champagne, in which to drink their " noble selves." Young Ross, the first "Champion" shot of Great Britaiiviml that veteran deerstalker, his father, Captain Koss, proved themselves tho best aimers at the "running deer" target—a locomotive one of cast iron, in the form of a sta& which was caused to traverse the butt very rapidly, and which, if hiton the haunch entailed a fins on the clumsy " venison-spoiling" marksman. The " Lords" in the Parliamentary competitive match licked the " Commons" easily. CirabrJdgc beat Oxford. Harrow beat Eton. In the single competition between the public schools, however, an Eton marksman, young LorJ Eldon, was the victor. Tho Swiss riflemen, who have since made almost a dead haul of the prizes at the German rhlo gathering in Frankfort,.bagged and boxed thyir weapon at Wimbledon, grumbling that they might as well try to jump over the moon as to shoot with hope of success against the marvellously buH'g-eye-making British marksmen. There have been sundry International trials oi skill in l<ondsin lately. English riflemen have disgracefully beaten Scottish—disgracefully, considcriijg the superior advantages for practice which tho latter enjoy. An English "colt," to adopt a cricketing phrase, lias astonished the foreigners as well as the natives by his blindfold performances in a chess tournament. A Frenchman has "tied" an Englishman at tennis. A Frenchman, granting odds, has beaten an Englishman at billiards. One of tlie most distinguished of the foreigners whom the Great Exhibition of 18G2 had drawn to London is the Viceroy of Egypt. He has not the 7#W# affirms, received the warm national reception which"he ought to have received; but apparently Corpcrational and private British hospitality has made up, in his «yes, for the lack o Governmental welcome—withheld, it is hinted ' for jiolitical reasons—to which, considering his past constant friendliness displavei towards British subjects traversing the Isthmus of Suez to and from India, Chins. Australia, and New Zealand, he might justly consider himself entitled. The fete which the Viceroy gave on board his yacht, moored off Woolwich, was, in spite of Occidental weather, a very splendid manifestation of Oriental hospitality. The Japanese Ambassadors are now iv Prussia. They will not visit any country which will not consent to pay their hotel bills. Strangers of a very different class has the Exhibition attracted to London. It has become a sink of nations—all the rascals of Europe seem to have congregated there. Highway robbery has become chronic, in what were supposed to be tlie best po-lice-protected thoroughfares. A member of Parliament, on his return from the House, was actually . garotted in Waterloo-place. Cabmen carry on another species of.irobbery—making foreigners and " country joskins," if foolish enough to be frightened by blackguards' bullying, pay whatever the young Jehus please. Sometimes, however, the doers are done. \Ecce signum •. An M.P., of very foreign aspect, taking a cab. was mistaken, havusg also a Dundreary accent, for a stranger and an alien, to be taken in. Cabby was generously tendered 2a for a shilling ride, and immediately saw hi* opportunity, " Hullo, Musaoo! what's tbia for!" " Zet is for you," answered the gentleman in broken English. "Five Hhiliings is tho fare—a crown," was cabby's reply. "Ah! zo mooch] well, zee, give me ze money back." It was handed back unsuspectingly, and the gentleman, taking a shilling from his pocket, handed ifc to the cabrauu, with the remark, in plain vernacular enough, M There, you blackguard, there is a shilling your proper fare," - a remark that so overwhelmed poor Jehu, that when the gentleman had ascended the steps of tho house he was visiting, the last thing he saw, as ho entered the door, was cabby, still standing too petrified to speak, in the position he was in when he received the fatal shilling From the principal towns of Scotland it is possible to obtain a return -ticket to London for one shilling! Of course the tickets are granted by lottery—one subscriber in 45 being successful. Earthquakes, I suppose, are scarcely considered out of the wav occurrences in New Zealand. We think more cf them here, and mads a wonderment of the fact that a shock had been felt at Caithness. The murder of a woman in Glasgow—apparently by another woman, for the sake of plunder, created a great deal of sensation throughout the kingdom, owing to the mystery which at first brooded over the barbarous homicide. Poor Mrs. (Longworth) Yelverton has been declared by the Lord Ordinary (Ardmillan) not to be Mrs. Yelverton, and she indulges hi consequence, in letters to the editors of London papers, in sneers at Scottish Law, and lack of chivalry. The Edinburghera certainly have not'gone mad about her as the Dublin people did, from the Chief Justice downwards, but a very general feeling prevails here that the Lord Ordinary's judgment is an unjust one, and that it will be reversed either by the ■" First Division," or by tho Hou3e of Lords. Her libel case Mrs. Yelverton gained, with £500 solatium for her wounded feelings. The Cardross case has taken a new turn. The judges have decided that tho Free Church Assembly has no corporate existence in the eyes of the law. Not it but its individual member must be prosecuted! Yesterday and to-day the examination of the High School took place. The Pitt Scholarship at the University, the bine ribbon of the academical session, was gained by a High School pupil, Mr. Thomas Gray, dux in 1858. Lord Brougham who was, dux in 1791, has succeeded Lord Camperdown as chairman ot the High School Club. ,

THE WAR IK AMERICA.. ~< The rapid and extraordinary changes that have taken place m the fortunes of thl war in' ] America warn, us of the folly ~f speculation : upon the issue. A few wee!;'- ' -> the North seemed to have the South ,!essly at iv mercy New Orleans bad ••„, Memphis had fa !en, Yorktown ha-i . 5 , -Charleston ! was falling, and Richmond w- expected to be abandoned every hour. liv-iuregard had fled from Corinth, no man knew whither- > Jackson had run away from FremontM'Dowell was on the eve of joinin« M'Clellan; and M'CJellan 'was com"; pleting hia deadly lines round the capital -A" the South, by which the last stronghold of iW rebels was to be blown into the air. Present 1 the colors, action, and entire tableaux of tphantasmagoria undergo a total transfon tion. Charleston is reinforced, and defies besiegers, who find it as ranch as they can , to keep their ground. Beauregard, althou^i, j he is "nowhere," has for the present rendered Charleston invulnerable. Jackson, instead o^ flying before 'Fremont,\ suddenly appears at Richmond. The expectation of a junction? betweeu M'Dowell and M'Clellan is clearly at an end. hope of anything like a Federal combination is over for the present. The next exploit of the Confederates at Richmond was a regular raid; by which theyturned" the right flank of M'Clellan's army, and got nearly twenty miles in the rear, without being checked, or even discovered. This daring and clever movement appears to have been executed by six regiments of infantry and two of cavalry, who succeeded in getting between tlie Chickahominy and Pamunkey rivers, on the latter of which they burned two schooners laden with stores, and then penetrated to a station on the Richmond and West-Point Railway, where they destroyed a waggon train consisting of fifty vehicles. The officers who hold high rank in M'Clellan's army were said to be indignant at the negligence and want of foresight which permitted sach an occurrence to take place; but worse disasters lay before them. Immediately after this surprise, M'Clellan advanced hia pickets i*ito the swamp, and great credit was given to him for effecting so close an approach to the walls of the town. But ins real situation, even at this moment, wa3 betrayed by the frequency and urgency of his appeals to Washington for reinforcements. Now came another turn of the wheel—another surprise—and another victory for the Confederates, and more vast in its extent, and important in its consequences, than has occurred since the beginning of hostilities. It appears that the Confederates, reinforced by " Stonewall" Jackson attacked the right wing of M'Clellan's army, aud after a sanguinary conflict drove them across the Chickahominy, and compelled them to fall back behind their left wing on the James River, where they found shelter nnder cover of their gunboats. General M'Clelian has endeavoured to make capital out of his calamities, by declaring that, even if he had not been forced to retire from his lines, he would have done so for military reasons; thus trying to convert an absolute defeat into a strategic movement. But that thn view of the situation is got up for the nonce ia obvious from the fact that in his previous despatch, received only a few days before, he had taken credit far having advanced into the swamp within so short a distance of Richmond as to render the capture of the place a mere question of time. If it was good generalship to take up that position, it could not be also good general-l*.;p to abandon it in the lace of the enemy. " | The fighting is said to hay v carried on j without cessation for seven ?■ luring which time M'Clellan must have executing a: Parthian manoeuvre, for he cred no less than seventeen miles on etreat. The beaten general at first an • aced that hi 3 forces were not worsted in -.. * conflict, that they could not be driven from the field, that the rebels, on the contrary, were' repulsed! with heavy slaughter, and that his own loss was only one gun and one waggon. Bat there ia now little doubt that he lbst'"2-5,00-'> men, and that the Confederates, whose !«>-■ could hardly have been less, captured 12 < prisoners, the whole of M'Clellan's siege g and supplies sufficient to last the whole ai for three months. Nor has the humiliation of the army of. j Potomac ended here. The Confederates v • not content with their seven days* victories, but have since captured a town near Nashville, and taken a Federal regiment. In other directions their arms have been equally successful. At Charleston they have won a battle, which cost heavy losses on both sides, and they have captured Baton Rouge, near New Orleans, and taken 1500 prisoners. The setting in of the hot weather will, probably, for a tima snspend further operations, at least on a great scale; but it is evident that up to the point at which they leave of£ the Confederates have obtained considerable advantages. President Lincoln has visited M'Clellan in his new quarters, and spoken cheerfully to the troops; but reinforcements would be more to the purpose, and they come slowly, if indeed they come at all. A large bounty has been offered to recruits; but there is little disposition to embrace it, and there are significant symptoms abroad of the war languishing for lack of muscles. j In the face of this serious difficulty at home! Congress has been taking a gigantic step towards widening the gulf between the Northern States and Europe. A new prohibitory tariff has been passed. By this wonderful code, the American market is absolutely closed upon the commerce of Europe, and especially upon the commerce of England. Indeed, that seems to have been the express object, with "which it was compiled. " Its effect will be," exclaims the leading New York paper, in a tone of exultation, "to deprive Europe of the American market, a result more disastrous to England and France than a thousand blockades of cotton ports." The marvellous thing is that these people do not see that in bringing about this result, which is to operate so disastrously on Europe, they are ruining themselves. Trade will be stopped to all intents and purposes, as between America and the rest of the world. The West will-sever its connection with a government which legislates for its destruction, and the Great Powers of Europe, as a matter of necessity, will recognize the independence of the South. Who will suffer most by this?