EX-SUNDAY SCHOOL TEACHER BROKE SEVENTH COMMANDMENT

NZ Truth, Issue 1198, 15 November 1928, Page 7

EX-SUNDAY SCHOOL TEACHER BROKE SEVENTH COMMANDMENT

"Drunken Spree "

Invited to ask , the witnesses questions, he replied, m sullen tones: "No, it is not any use." • The Reverend G. B. Moreton stepped up to tell -of several visits to . Club House; whence he had been called to take the role of mediator. , The occasion ' most vivid m the clergyman's mind was that on which Herbert : had attacked ' one of the boarders with a piece of a bedstead. It then appeared, to the minister that Herbert was just getting over, a "drunken spree," drink being, m witness' opinion, one of the chief reasons of defendant's persistent cruelty. ■ The things seen by Brenda Mary !Wilson during, her four months', employment at Club House- also- added coals upon Canning's cranium. • "As long as I have been working there, I have not seen him come home eober," spake Brenda. ? Furthermore, she .had one night . heard defendant '* say he, would "murder" Jane, and to avoid; such an untimely' end, Mrs. Canning .had jumped through a window. l .Witness had been attracted to the room by complainant's ' screams, ; and later heard Herbert' say: "It's all right, Sissie." Often enough, . the girl had seen Canning strike his. wife. ;. Herbert had nothing to say r to these allegations, and as though m a semitrance, consented to ah order being mnde. Maintenance was not wanted. y When asked what property •he had at Club House, defendant observed that it was all m his wife's name. The only article he could' think of was a pair of slippers, and so far as they xy.ere concerned, "she can keep them," he sniggered. ■

THE petitioner, Lily Lavinia Martin, had the able support and direction

of Lawyer P.. S. K. Macassey, ■while Lawyers .W. 8.. Brown ami A. M. Cousins appeared for the respondent. Lawyer Cousins announced at the outset that he: had come to watch the interests of Mrs. Woods, taut was informed . by his honor that , the court could not recognize Mrs. Woods' counsel m the : matter, hence the amalgamation of forces. l A- feature of the case when it was nearing completion was the information ' Drought into court, by. an orderly,/ that Mrs. Woodsi just before her turn came ' to -''go' into the witness-box, had suddenly taken ill. Eesponderit's counsel, however, was prepared, to go on without her, so .she was sent home; . . In outlining his client's case, Lawyer Macassey. said that when Martin 1 arid Mrs. Woods ;went to live m Boxburgh Street, tiloy represented to the lessee that they' were brother arid sister-in-law. ..■ • „.- , . •■• .. ■'. .. ' '- . ; ■ ' When their liaison became so open that others m. the house were cognisant of it, Martin, as soon 'as he learned that his wife was taking- him to court; it was stated, tried to bribe one of her witnesses .with, jewellery, fur coats : and: even a home. Eventually police protection had to be sought. A stout, elderly woman, Mrs. Martin told {he court that she was married m the' Wellington Registry\'Offlce m 1895. The couple had lived together until December last. Of the three children, a daughter of 28 years was feebleminded and had to receive constant attention. ; ; Early m December last, Martin came home -late one night. When "she asked him where ne had been.. he. told her it was none of her business. He was going to : clear, out and would be m opposition to her all his life. For some time prior to this they had

A Lump Sum

not lived as man and. wife, added Mrs, Martin. . . ' '

Under cross-examination by Lawyer Cousins, she: said she had sent a letter to her daughter, aged 21, m which she had said: "Tell your father I will let him off with £4000 for the rest of our lives, but if not he will be forced."

This letter, she said, was written to give him some idea, what it would cost to keep them till the end. of their days.

Lawyer Cousins ( : When did you first hear of this misconduct you are complaining about^

Mrs. Martin: When. they were living m Roxburgh Street. . . ,

He has riot paid you anything since December last? — Nd. ■ If he had paid you what you thought you were entitled to, would you have brought these . proceedings?— Yes. I don't think he should be carrying on like that. .' ' / You don't want a divorce? — No. I want, a lump sum. My husband is an extravagant man, and will spend it all. - • Further/ questioned, Mrs. Martin said thatjf she applied for a : divorce her' husband said he wouldn't defend the action, but 'if she applied for a I separation he would. Before respondent left home, he generally had his meals at a restaurant. If she served hjm with meals he would leave them. In reply to .'her own counsel, Mrs. Martin said that her husband had received nine or ten thousand pounds from an estate. . Counsel : You are anxious, now that he. has taken nip with Mrs. Woods, that i some money should be set aside" for you and your daughter I—Yes.1 — Yes. At this, juncture Lawyer Cousins , raised the issue whether the court, m its discretion, should not dismiss the application for , separation. . If the . wife wan ted separation and maintenance she had- her remedy m the lower court. His honor: Not on the present grounds. ' ';' ' Lawyer .'Cousins: She .has' the grounds of failure to maintain. ; Mrs. Martin, maintained coun- , sel, did hot want a divorce, and if the; matter went forward the . h'u's- * band was forever barred "from ob-

; In Bathroom

tainjng one. Petitioner's object , .was to punish her husband and stop ' him from marrying Mrs. . Woods.

' His honor:' The only issue before the jury is to. decide the question of misconduct. You can bring 'forward legal argument on the other question afterwards.. .-' \.

'■■:' The .most substantial witness for the petitioner was a. young married woman m business m the city. She was stylishly .dressed and. gave her testimony m a 'frank ' and open manner.

;■ Prior to December 22 of last year, she said, she became acquainted with Mrs.: "jVoods. On that date she went to look at some . rooms m Roxburgh Street with her, and .Martin .accompanied them. ...'.-' . ,', ." :■..'■

It> was- her object to board with Mrs. Woods, and she understood that Martin, posing as a brotheivin-law of Mrs. Woods, would only be a visitor to the house. OnVthe night that, the two rooms and kitchenette were taken she first learned that ' Martin was also going tp be. a. boarder ;there. v

She found out that Mrs. Woods and Martin were occupying the sittingroom, while Mrs. Woods' little girl slept out on a small sun-porch. . Witness occupied the only bedroom.

Witness told the court that Martin and Mrs. Woods had been repeatedly m the bathroom at night, and described several incidents indicative of the alleged- guilty association of the couple. She wrote on a piece of paper, for* the information- of the jury, remarks she had heard .coming from the bathroom* and statements .made to, her by Mrs. Woods. . '...■;'

Martin had been to see her at her place of business just prior to the hearing of 'the : case and said : "Hu'lio ! You haven't been to see me;" . :

Speaking about the case, he said : "If. you come on my side I'll give you

Painter ' Martin Chained The Q^ Tones of Marital Fidelity Afiei - TfarfyStfee^^Y ■ ' . ' •■•' '• '■■ _______ ■'■•■'. ■ - * - SEPARATION VERDICT PREVENTS SECOND MARRIAGE

„„ , ,„„„„„ | MIIIIMIIMIMIIIIIIIIDIIIIIIIIIIimiIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiniIIIIIMIiIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIII III! 11 1 11 1 1 11 11 1 Itll M ■ 11l 1 1 1 1 1 tit 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 11 111 l '■"'''^'IJIJIIiIIjJIIIJIIIIf (From "N.Z. Truth's"' Special Wellington Representative). " || For several years Frank Edward Shaw Martin directed Sunday school children along the straight and || narrow path of righteous conduct, and ; now he himself has slipped badly from the same path, getting bruis- j| ed m the process, for he has broken one of the Commandments which he was at such pains to instil into || the minds of children. . . . , ll Martin is a well-known member of an old Wellington family, welUto-do, and has a painting and paper- [j hanging business A married man since 1895 and with a grown-up family, he committed the unpardon- || able sin when he entered into an unholy alliance with another woman twelve months ago, and since the Jj commencement of his liaison with Mrs. Woods he has failed to provide his wife with the wherewithal to live. ]j Two daughters, one feeble-im'nded, were also dependent on him for support, but such little details as |[ these did not seem to worry the painter who had introduced lurid colors into his mode of life. jj In support of her application for a judicial separation on the ground of her husband's misconduct, Mrs. Jj Martin adduced such an array of damning, evidence that Martin did not have a leg to stand on, and the |J jury lost no time m finding m her favor. ||

any sum you like. Money counts. Can't you go into the box and say you don't know?"

On another occasion he came with Mrs, Woods and offered her a home by Christmas time if she would only "come on -my side." There were also offers of bangles, fur. coats for herself and her children and various other inducements. " Mrs. Woods remarked at the time: "My life and reputation are m your hands. If you go to court I'll take my little girl and jump into the harbor." "She started crying," added witness, "and I had to order them out." '"She informed her husband of Martin's attentions to her while at work, and an appointment was made for the two men to meet. Mrs. Woods became "nasty" the last week she was at the flat. Witness decided to drop her as she wasn't good enough foV any decent person to know. ■ Under cross-examination by Lawyer Brown this witness . said that Mrs. Woods had told her a hard-luck story when, they first met. It was to the effect that Mrs. Woods' husband had cleared off to America with £900 and left her destitute. "I took pity on her," added witness. • Lawyer Brown: When you took the premises with Mrs. Woods you had Martin with you? Witness: T;es. Then you knew he was coming as a boarder? — No. He was only coming as a visitor at first. Wasn't Martin occupying the sit-ting-room and Mrs. Woods and her little girl the couch on the porch? — No. Would that have been all right? — I did not tnink it was right; he m the sitting-room and she just through the curtain. What did . your husband say? — He did not think it the right thing, but said they had made their bed and coukl lie in 1 it. . Did you ever say that if Martin wanted your story he would have to pay £200? — That's a lie. If I wanted his bribery I could have accepted it last Saturday and the week before.

Counsel: You admit having quarrelled with Mrs. Woods? — Oh, no. I spoke straight to ncr and she to me.

Went To Police

There was never any suggestion of blackmail by your husband? — None whatever.

Your husband Understood that respondent was the, son of Robert Martin? Wasn't he constantly badgering Martin for loans? — No. He hadn't got any to lend then. In fact, they used to wait till I came home with my pay -on a'. Friday night before they could get Saturday's meal.

The husband, of the previous witness, told the court that there had been no real trouble between him and his wife. They were not too financial and couldn't get a house, so he was boardingi He used to stay with his wife m Roxburgh Street during holiday periods and week-ends and later stayed with her altogether. . .

Have you ever heard anything at the: flat? — I -have heard them laughing and giggling-, m- the bathroom; and also m the sitting-room.

Did you go- to the police?— Yes, I went for protection for my wife m consequence of what she had told me. ,

You kept your appointment with Martin? — Yes, he asked me to go over on his side, but when he saw a detective watching him he shut up and went away.

Lawyer Brown: When did you become suspicious of ,Mrs. Woods and Martin?

Witness: As soon as I got into the house.

Before Christmas?— Yes. And when did' you leave the flat? — Early m March.' " Did you know Martin was the son of Robert Martin?— No, but I'd heard he had rich brothers.

v Didn't you say he would have to pay £200 to get you to swing his way?— No. •-•■■■■•- : ••

Did you hear anything from the bathroom? — Yes.

Witness told the .court what had come to his ears through the bathroom ' partition. Tilings were too free for you?— -They were.--" ,'Thq younger daughter of the Margins told the court that she used to visit her father m Roxburgh Street. She had seen him kissing and caressing Mrs. Woods. ; ' Mrs. Woods had said to her: "I hope you don't mind my living with your father, but it was his wish." When she spoke to her f.-ither about it, he said it was Mrs. Woods' wish.

; On several occasions she had seen her father with His arm round. Mrs. Woods. He often ,used to kiss the woman.

Under cross-examination by Lawyer ■Brown; ; the girl admitted leaving home and going to live with her father when he went to reside at Thompson Street. She left home because her mother would not allow her out at night.

Lawyer Brown: You have a young man who visited you m this place? — Yes. ', ... r-' ::■■■■.: .'.

.Your father is of a simple nature? — Yes.- ■■■ ■: - - • ■■/ ' .-.•■■■,■:■'. ■■•■■■ ■ :

He was quite open,*in the matter of his , relations with Mrs. Woods?— Yes, so far as kissing was concerned he was.' '' ■' •■".•■••■ :■■' ■ • •■ ■

Were' you as open -with your young man? — I certainiy was.

Was it complained that you were m the bedroom with your young man? You and he were living with Mrs. Woods, your father paying your board? — I might have been just m and out once or twice. His Honor: Is this not irrelevant? Lawyer Brown: Well, sir, she left her father's place m bad grace and now goes back to her mother's side. In an audible tone came the voice of the mother sitting near by: "She was promised to the young man." Lawyer Brown: At any rate, you left your father that night? The giri: Yes. ••' Your mother has property, has she not? — Two or. three houses. And before your father/ left her, wasn't she always asking how much he had.?— That is so. : The lessee of the house in 'Roxburgh Street told the court that he sub-let the three, rooms to the others m December last, Martin paying Avitness'* wife for the rent. He occupied the downstairs portion of the house. One Sunday night when it was getting late he went up to the flat above. There/ was music being played. Besides Martin and Mrs. Woods three other men were' m the room. Mrs.\ Woods

was sitting on Martin's knee, with her left arm round his neck.

"I had the reputation of the house to keep up and I didn't like the 'look of it," said witness. "I told them it was time the Benediction was pronounced, and they went to bed."

On an occasion prior to this he had been upstairs. Mrs. Woods Avas supposed to be m a faint and Martin Avas stroking her face and every now an>i then implanting a kiss on her cheeks.

( Putting these two instances together, witness decided to give Martin notice to quit.

To Lawyer Brown, witness said he understood, Avhen the flat Avas first sought after, that the tAvo women Avere going to occupy the bedroom and Martin the • sun-porch. The sitting-room and porch had been used as separate bedrooms at times.

. In opening the case for the defence, Lawyer Brown said that Martin Avas a simple soul Avho had lived a chaste life up to the present. He left his home because his .wife" wanted, him to get out.

No question of. misconduct entered into the lives of Martin and Mrs. Woods at the Roxburgh Street house. Martin slept on the '-couch m the sitting-room- and Mrs. Woods and her daughter slept "top and tail" out on the porch. .- " .

It wa,s alleged m the petition that misconduct had taken place m all three places — Roxburgh, Thompson and Aro Streets, the last-named being where the parties were residing at present. Mrs. Woods was leasing Martin's house m Aro Street and running a boarding establishment.

No evidence of misconduct had been brought forward by the petitioner m respect of the two last places, but it was extremely likely, if it had occurred m Roxburgh Street it would have been carried on 4 n the same blatant way m I'hompson and Aro Streets.

The defendant, Frank Edward Shaw Martin, a thin man with small twinkling eyes, told the court that he first met Mrs. Woods at Devon Street. He left his home because of unhappy differences with his wife. It may have been m the middle of November.

He had gone home on the last car one night, and Mrs. Martin said to him: "Where have you been?" .He told her it was his business, not hers, Avhereupon she said he had better go altogether. ,

He made arrangements with Mrs. Woods that if she could get an extra room he would go and board with her. He slept on the settee, and Mrs. Woods and the child on the sun-porch.

The principal male witness for petitioner had said that there would be a brick Avail m front of him if he (Martin) came to light Avith £ 200. If he didn't that witness would SAY.ear his life aAvay, declared Martin. ' That Avitness had also made the statement m front of Mrs. Woods that he would SAvear their lives away because Mrs. Woods Avouldn't board him for nothing.

Counsel-: Do you deny these charges of misconduct?

Martin (emphatically) : I deny them

Where did you go when you left Roxburgh Street? — To Thompson Street. Mrs. Woods acted as my housekeeper*

Martin said he was there some three months, then, took OA'er his oAvn property at Aro Street, giving Mrs. Woods a lease of it for twelve months. He stayed with her, among others, as a boarder.

Woods or Warner?

Lawyer BroAvn: Were you ever m the bathroom Avith Mrs. Woods? — It's lies. (Martin flared out pugnaciously.)

Were you ever m the sitting-room together-? — That's lies also.

, What have you to say to these charges of "bribery? — It's lies, all lies.

When Lawyer Ma.ca.ssey rose to cross-examine, Martin took a firmer grip of the box and waited expectantly. Counsel: When you left Roxburgh Street you were on good terms with the others? • Witness: Yes. When did you first meet Mrs. Woods? By the bye, is that her proper name? — Yes. • . , . Come, now, Martin, do you swear on oath that, is her correct name? — I'm not going to swear to -"'anything on oath. '■ That's what you are here for. Will you deny that her name is not War-ner?-^—l only know her as Woods. It's none of my business. Are you a truthful man, Martin?: — Yes, I'm not m the habit of telling lies. . . ' You used to teach. in a Sunday- . school up to a few years ago— re- , gularly? — Yes., Well, is Mrs. Woods • married or divorced? — I could not. say. It's not my business; it's hers. You have never asked her or discussed the question with her?— l don't remember. Further questioned: on this point, Martin lapsed into a. defensive. attitude from which he could not be shifted. "Well, then," said Lawyer Ma cassey, "did you ever kiss her or put your arm round her?" "I certainly did nothing- of the kind," replied. Martin. If your daughter says she has seen you with your arm round Mrs. Woods, what would you say?— lt's lies. • •■,"' You come here, Martin, and say your ypung . daughter would swear an untruth about you?— lt's lies, litell you; That isthetruth, then, is it?— Yes. "Have a look •at that photo, Martin." Counsel handed up a snapshot to the man m the. witness-box. "I thought you said you were a truthful . man, Martin. ■•• You have got your, arm round ■ her there all right, haven't you? You look very happy, too, don't you?" No reply to counsel's queries were forthcoming from the discomfited man m the box. ; Continuing, counsel asked: Did she ever sit on your knee?— No. Questioned about the episode described by the lessee : of the- Roxburgh Street house, Martin said that as a gentleman he got on one side of the chair to let Mrs. Woods sit down. One night the' lessee said he saw you stroking Mrs. Woods' face and kissing her .while i she was m a swoon?-— lt's lies, lies. ' . ' ' ■■] ■ : : ;-r ■•■ You got notice to quit? — He did not give me notice v to quit; that's another lie. He gave Mrs. Woods notice. . When he told you what he had seen, you didn't deny it to his face ?— No: Why did .you teli them you were .a brother-in-law of Mrs. Woods and she

was a sister-in-law of yours?— That is a iie, too. ; . This couch on the balcony was a small one, and you suggest that Mrs. Woods and her daughter slept in.it?— Yes, one at the head and one at the foot. . "Although you were turned out of one house, for familiarity with Mrs. Woods," wen< on Lawyer Macassey relentlessly, "you go to another one with her." "It suited me to. stay there," said Martin. ■Counsel: Tour daughter says the sitting-room was occupied by you and Mrs. Woods? — It's lies. : All your' daughter's evidence is a lie, ; then? — No answer. It is all' lies too, I suppose, about jvvhat. your said Mrs. Woods told her concerning you and Mrs. W oofl s and all lies about the bathroom?— Yes, it's lies. Did you ask Mrs. to come over on, your side? What was the object of Mrs. Woods wanting to see her? — ! To speak about the case. Did you go down to persuade her to tell the truth? — No. She could go ahead and speak the truth, it was all the same to nie. His Honor: Did Mrs. Woods cry? — Yes. - ■ Counsel.' Did you hear her say to Mrs. — — that she would throw herself m; the harbor? — 1 did not hear it. Why did Mrs. Woods cry, then? — Well, er, her nerves are bad, and she is under the doctor. Martin saidyhe only saw Mr. — : — to ask him if he knew about the case. Lawyer Macassey: You saw a letter written to your solicitors stating you would be prosecuted if you went on interfering with witnesses ?— Yes. Have you ever given Mrs. Woods any presents? — Not to my knowledge. Did you ever give her a fur coat or a piano?— Not to my knowledge.

Gift of Ring

J __ -: : -I His honor (to Martin) : Don't talk nonsense. You ought to know whether you did- or whether you did not! Martin: I did not. Counsel: Haven't you bought her a lot of furniture?— No. ' She has bought some, though; about £200 worth. Where did she get the money from? — From- her court money. What is her court money? — I don't know. How much does she get? — Thirtyfive shillings. Have you never inquired where it comes from?— No. . , Did you give her a ring? — Yes, I did give her a signet ring, s At this stage the court was informed that Mrs. Woods had had a heart attack. His honor remarked that without her evidence the case would be awkward, but respondent's counsel said he would be reluctantly compelled to go on without her testimony. Mrs. Woods was therefore sent home. Under further cross-examination, Martin, said he was not aware what money he had, but he spent a good deal. . Lawyer Brown said that this statement of Martin's was quite correct as his affairs were very complicated. Reginald Thomas Ward grave the court his opinion that the charge of misconduct was "tommy-i-ot." Mai-tin and Mrs. Woods were only on friendly terms, he said. Martin was on the | same footing as the rest of the boys m the boarding-house, which was well run. , . . Under cross-examination, Ward admitted that he was away from the house m Aro Street from 10.30 m the evening- till 2.30 the next morning, but he had never seen any kissing going on.! ' . . ' Witness was asked to the house m Roxburgh Street by Mrs. Woods. Counsel: Why should you be asked there- every evening? — I had nowhere^ else to go. ' Several other witnesses gave evidence concerning the . house m Aro Street, but as no evidence had been brought forward by the petitioner touching on the question of misconduct there, their- evidence was of ho great value;

[: Charge Proved

- • • ' . ' ' . ■ ".•■-■■ ■••.•■■■.■ J s After lengthy addresses by both < ■ counsel, his honor informed the i .•jury that there was only one issue i • for them to decide: Did the re- < ,-spondent commit .misconduct?. /'There never had been clearer cvi- ( '■•-'.djence,' to his mind, of misconduct ; being .committed. It would be } 'difficult to believe that two people, without any reason, could make up ] -such a diabolical story as that. ; „ '■"■ The daughter's evidence alone, if ( they believed^ it, was sufficient to war- „ rant a verdict. The evidence for the " defence .was • Martin's own, who characterized everything as lies. i "All the other witnesses' evidence," added his honor, "was subsequent w Roxburgh Street."' ; ! , After a retirement o£ ; twenty-four : minutes the, jurj 1 - •■ returned with the irif ormation' that they considered the c&arge of misconduct proved. . •/'Lawyer Cousins addressed his honor on.the legal aspects of the matter. The Act, he said, was designed to protect a wife. That was not why Mrs. . Martin had. brought the case . She-did so solely to punish her husband. Mrs. 'Martin V did not want a divorce. ../•• . • ■ ■'. .'.-. ■■. ■■ , . • 'If the separation were granted, Martih was ; barred from -ever obtaining a divorce.' A . wife, he ;said, should not petition for judicial separation unless she wanted ■ protection. She should apply for a divorce: : His honor: I agree. If they were young people it might lead to im-' morality on the part of the husband, but when they, get to, the mature age of these: people it does not apply.' . His honor said he saw no grounds why the decree should not be granted, therefore a decree absolute for judicial separation would be made, with costs on the highest scale against 'respondent: . " .'. ';.' ;'. ■ '■-. "■'.' .' "■■'■'■'.'.'']'.-■■ ..." The final step m the Martin drama therefore, will be the wife's application _ for .alimony. ■ ''■' "

Not her father.— Mrs. Woods' littla girl and respondent Martin mak't a pleasing picture.

Intention Clear

I " ■ •-.■■'■■: ■■.■-■■■■ a perfectly good wharf already which • was used occasionally by such ocean liners as 'the John, or a wandering scow — say six , times per annum, and on these two counts the application . was very definitely refused. But let us return to Under-secretary Godfrey's letter. No harbor dues may be collected from fishing vessels, says the Harbours Act; and- our : Undei--secretary repeats it. •. .. v . • \ The Intention is clear, /tools of trade '< are not taxed, the toilers of the sea are to be allowed to land the produce of. their work free of , toll. Thus has the Act been read for many a year. ' However, the letter continues — and the salient points are underlined — though wharfage may ' not ; be - charged on fishing' vessels there appears to be no^Teason why dues should not be collected oh the fish, landed at the wharf. ;: He points out that goods "not otherwise specified'"'may be landed at : ls Bd. per ton and there appeared to be no reason why this amount should not be . charged. . ' . „ . Of the people concerned, the department seems to have come out best. *Ijt has administered a' well-deserved rap over the knuckles to the council, and ■ it has successfully, poked it across the other party by suggesting thai; they should be further taxed. •> - ' v The council is. no better off except > that the world knows . that they have got away .with £836 of somebody else's money, and the poor fishermen stilltry to - land' their -fish at a decrepit and broken down . wharf which the council should. long before have taken steps to deal with.' ; , ■> • ;■ / iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiKiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiittiiiiiiiiiiiinu