REVIEW OF THE WAR.

New Zealand Herald, Volume LV, Issue 17006, 13 November 1918, Page 10

REVIEW OF THE WAR.

PRINCIPAL EVENTS.

CHRONOLOGICAL RECORD.

Following is -i record of the principal events of the .win—-

1914 Jun.'2B-Murder of the ArcMuke Fe-dinand of Atlrtl a. - July 20-Austniui ultimatum to ber a. ~ 28-A.isuit, declares WW on Ser.ia. Aug. I—Germany declares war on Kum* .If 3-Gcrmans invade Belgium and France. „ 4—Great Britain declare* war. I. 9—British tr-vps land in Fri» t. , ffl-Battle of Mmis; J*P" tu Marne „ 24-St.pt. 3—Allied retreat to the Marne. „ aB-31-Battlo ot Tannenoerg. „ 27-.Surrender oi Togoland. . 28- Battle of Homeland llW *• ', 30-Kow Zealanders seize barfloa, Sept. 3—H-.isaian-s occupy Lembcrg. „ MO-Battle of the Marne. , 12-Atistraiiaus capture New Bri .am. .'. 130.8—Battle of the Aisne. Oct. 9-.-Germana en'er Antwerp , lfr-New /rt-nland Expeditionary rorce sails from Wellington. ■ „ 16-31 -Belgian defence of the }***■. .I It-Transfer of Brr.ish Army to I'landors completed. Oct. 21-Nov 17-First Battle of "pre*. Nov I—British s.qtiftdron destroyed oB . Coroncl; Turkey enters the war. „ 7 -Surrender of Kiao-chau. _,_.„ . 9-JI.M.S. Sydney destroys the Ern«Jen. p ec , 3-ii—Sorviaiis do oat Auutnans Ibat ot the Ridges). „ &-Germane enter Lodz. t ._j, ! ' 8-Battle of the Falkland Islands. German squadron destroyed.

Jan. 19-First air "id. on Britain. .. 21-Naval battle in the North Heft. Feb. 2-3-Defott ot Turksi en huez Canal. . IK-Gcrman " blockade of BntaiQ Feb.l9-Ma b naxal attack on iU Dardanelles- . ~ . , . . rur Mar. I—Allies proclaim blockade of Ger- „■'■ many .of Neww CbapMle. .. 4_Battlo of N«U« Cbiipelle. „ 22-Capitulation of Przamsyl to Ku»- „ 22-Turkish attack on the Sues Canal defeated. a^aa^Yp-M----gas introduced). _ Apl. 26-BnUah, Australians, «d ? ew »•• landers land on Crallipoli. .. —Battle of the Donajetl. May 8-R-Battle of At hi Baba. . 7—The Lusitama. torpedoed- .',' 19- -Aaqnith Coalition Ministry. ~ 23—'taly declares war against Austria.. June regain frzemsyl. ~ i'-.fjurr«nder of German South-Weat Africa. .. T ._ 22 Austrian s re-oipnire Jjemowg. Aug. 5-Geraians enter Warsaw. , , 6-National Ministry in Mr Z»*l»M. i. 6-10- British attack on Gallrpoli, landing at Suvla Bay. Sept. Battle* ot Loos ejid of Champagne. Oct. B—Allied troop* land at Salonika. ~ 6—Bulgaria declares war . ■ 7—Austrian invasion At perria Depne,i 18-Murder of Mies Ectith Cavell. Nov 23—Servia now overrun by the tatmD«c. 25—Sir Douglas Haig becomes Com-mander-in-Chief of British Armies. ~ 20— Evacuation of Suvla and Arueo i completed. , .■ 25—Arabs defeated near Matron USaw Zealanders ensagedj. ' i

1918. Jan. 9—Final evacuation of GaJUpoli- ,. Anstrians in looseesaion of Montonegro. . . _~ . ' Feb, Conscription In force in Britain. ~ Russians capture Erserum. .L , „ 18—Allies in complete possession of the Cameroons. „ German attack on Verdun begin*. ' Mar. »—Return of the raider Moewa to i Germany. „ Germany declares war on ForTßgal. „ -The Sussex torpedoed. April 18—Russians enter Trubixond. „ 29—Fall of Kut-el-Amari. _ May 14-Austrian attack in the Trentiw. „ 16—Turks routed in th<> Sinai Penir rela. I .. 23—New Zealanders in the from line at I Armentieres. j .. 81—Battle of Jutland. . June B—Russian offensive begins, „ Deal of Lord Ki'icnerien ~ Italians take offensive in Tiestfee. July I—British and French attack on t&» Somme. ». 3—Russian offensive on Vilna-Bai»ne» vitch line. I „ 7—Capture of Tang* in East Africa. ~ 11—First »stem of German defences on , the Somme in British poesesaion. I „ It—Capture of German Beooi.d but on Somme. „ 25—Bussjans capture Erxingaa IB Armenia. . „ 26—Australians finally aiptare Poiierei. ~ 27—Murder of Captain Fryatt. ~ Russians cipture Broil;. Aug. Governor signs New Zealand Military Service Act ~ —French success at Verdun. ~ 4—Defeat of the Turks at El Remani. Italian offensive on the laonto. „ 9—ltalians capture Gorz. Riusitns tike Stausjau. „ 18—British advance on the Sommo. ~ German High Sea Fleet it ti* North S«>. «, 25—Bulgarians occupy Eavala. „ 27—Roumania declares 'ivar on AustriaHungary. ~ Italy declares war on Germany. „ 29—Field Marshal von Hindenburg appointed Chief of the German General Staff. .. 80— Nationalist revolt in Salonika. Sept. First Zeppelin destroyed is England. „ 6— capture Tutrakan, in tie Dobrudje. ,i British offensive) on th» Strums, i, Great British advance on the Somme. New Zealandera capture Flera. First use of tanks. „ Allied blockade of Greece. „ 26—.Capture of Combles and Thiepval. ~ —Venixelos forms Provisional Government

„ German offensive against Bonmani* begins. Oct. 10-Greek fleet surrendered to th» Allies. „ 22—Fall of Constanza. ,i 34—French victory at Verdun; Dou&amont recovered. „ 26—Conscription referendum in Australia. Not. 18—British attack north »nd south of the Ancre. .. 16—First' ballot in Xew Zealand under conscription. „ Capture of Monaalir. Germans break the Roumanian front. „ 21—Death of Emperor Francis Joseph. Deo. I—Allied troops fired oi in Athena. ~ Fall of Bucharest. .. 7—Mr. Lloyd George becomes Prime Minister. „ German Peace proposals. Changes in the French command; General Joffre becomes military advisor to the French Government. i, J 6—French victory at Verdun. .. 2ft—Mr. W lson's Peace Note published. „ 23—British, and Aj»aes capture Magdabah.

„ SO—Allies reject German peace overtures. 1917.

Jan. Germans capture Braila, in Sou. minia. „ 9—AniAcs and Imperial Camel Corps capture Bafa. >, Destruction of munitions factory in London by explosion. Feb. German unrestricted submarine campaign begins. i, United States severs relations with Germany. ». British advance on the Ancre. „ 15—National Government farinid in Australia. „ 23—German retreat in France begins. ~ 26—Capture of Kut-el-Amara. Mar. Revolution in Russia. .. 11—Capture of Bagdad. „ —Australians enter Bapaume. ~ 20—First sitting of Imperial War Cabinet, including Overseas representatives „ 28—British attack on Turkish defences of Gaza. Apl- I—Germans force passage of the Htoohod

„ United States at war with Germany. „ 9— British offensive from Arras to Lens. ~ Canadians capture the Viroy Heights. ~ 26—French offensive on the Aisne and in Champagne. „ 20—Destroyers Stoke and Swift defeat six German destroyers. ~ 22— Fifty-firo British merchant ships sunk in week. May 3—Australians attack Hindenburg line. „ 12—Italian offensive on the Carso ~ ISGeneral Retain succeeds General Ni'-clle in French command. .. 17—Bullecourt in British possession. June I—Capture of the Messices Bidge; New Zeilanders take the village of Meas'nes. „ 11-2&- Registration in United State* for National Army. i, 12—Abdication of Constantino, King of Greece ,i 25-July 2—Landing of first American division in France. .. Greece declares war on all Central Power's. July-I—Russian offensive in Galicia. , 10—German attack on British in BelKiln coast sector. ~ 14Resignation of Dr. Ton Bethroann Holiweg, German Chancellor. „ 30—Gerraar. offensive in Galicia. ~ 24— Roumanian offensive begins. , 31—British and French offensive- in Flanders. New Zeaknders capture La- Basseville. Aug. 2—German raider Seeadlcr wrecked on Mopelia Island. Aug. Russians evacuate capital of Podolia. ,i Kins and Government of Rouniania withdraw from Jasgy to Odessa. „ 11— China declares war on Germany and Austr a.

„ J4— Canadians ciptuse Langemarck. „ '..*—ltalian offensive on lsonzo and Carso fronts. „ 2!-Mutinous outbreak in German Navy; United States refects the Popes peace offer; Military Setvice $ill signed in Canada. Sept. I—Mobilisation of United States new national army begins. i, Russians abandon Riga. „ Resignation of French {Ribotl Cabinet; new Ministry formed by M. Vainlevo. „ 10—Clash between Keiensk? and Korniloff. ,i 12— Argentine d : stnieße» German dm. bassador, Count von Luxburg. .. IT—Russia proclaimed » Republic. ■> 20—British attack in Flanders.

„ 23—Capture of Count Ton Luclcner and five other Germans from r&id( Seeadler in Fijian water*. „ 26— British attack in Flanderß. ~ Defeat of Turks at Ramadi, on the Eunhratcs. 3-155 prisoners taken Oct. I—Peace offer received by Allies (to™ Germany -overture not pursued „ 4—British advance :n Flanders— ew Zealir.ders capture Unvenataiel and Abraham Height*. „ 9—British and French ad'unco is Flanders ' „ British advance in Flanders— N tw Zeolacders attack Bel!cu<> Spur „ 20—Six Zeppelins, returning Irom raid on England, dcslrc;ed in France. .. 23—French advance on Aisne front, ~ C 4— Attatro-Gerrnan attack un ' aJiaiis. ~ '.'s—Augio-Kreuch attack ;n Fjinde-j^ Canadians iap'uro Be'levue Spur „ 28— Resignation of Dr.-M-i harLg. Ger. :. man Cliani-.11..r; eurcvdi'd by Baroa von Uertliiiji. .. 31—British capmr* Beertiicki Kor. 2— German withdrawn,' oti Aisue front ~ 6—British def«ar. Turkr ..at' Tekn"' north of Ba'cd-jil; I .:;' Germans erne'.. the Tagbain-n'.o.: British and French troops ; Vac h: the Italian iron l . .;. ...■ '; „ 6— Bnti-h attarlc'.'.iri-.Fiander«— Canadians rapt Ore l'a«.v hehdaele, caplure of Gaza „ —Conference at R-jpallo near of Britain, France, and Italy, Sn'. preme War Council termed. „ ll—ltalians leach line Pure a ustrm:..-, begin offensive in Trentino „ 17-Australian .-.-and-.';'; New .-'. Zearand Mounted Rifles occupy Jaffa. . „ 20— British attack cn.Hiud'-sb'ir'g i :M before Carabrai. ~ 24—French advance north Verdun, ~ 29—Allied conference at' Versailles .. SO—German attack on Cambrai (rent Dec Conquest u' German Last Africa. completed. .".-... ~ B—British and French -ako : oier portion, of Italian front: . : <anterl,n r y and Otasio tniantrv attack.-Polder-hcek Chateau-'--v .. ..;•!.■■; „ S—Readjustment of ' British line on Cambrai font -completed. ■■ „ 6—Disastrous explosion . and fire in Halifax. „ 7—United States d.claration o! war against Austria signed. '■...■!"-■;■"■ m U— Edmund Allenby. enters Jerusalem- '.:'•'■"• „ 28—Resignation of Sir John Jelii:o§ from the Admiralty'- ■ .■.-...- ~ 27—Defeat of Tnr'rish'a'tack'-th File*. tine. British ,iao advanced ... . 1818. Jan. —Mutinous outbreak on German warships at Kiel i. Strikes in Austria begin— ended a week later. „ 19—Russian Constituent; . Asseaily meets— id next day. „ 20—Naval action off Imbros— cruiser _ Midullo [ 'BreMaui sunk. two British monitors s-ink. ~ Strikes in Berlin besir. Feb. 16— Resignation of Sir Wii am Bob.T----«on. Chief of the Genera: Staff. „ 19—British front in France extended from S,t Quentin to tie One. „ Campaign in Mesopotamia •*■ mimed- „ New Zealanders; and Australians occupy Jericho. „ 24—German ra.dor Wolf returns :a Kiel. „ Compulsory rationing in the Unr»4 Kingdom. ITch. Peace Trea'y si/ned '] at Brev. Litovsk b7 Bolsheviks and Centra! Powers.

„ B—British occupy Hit, "on to* Euphrates. * IB—Evacuation of "• Petmjrad ■■ r* v . eluded; Bolshevik Government itmoved to Moscow. „ 19—Allies denounce Br* § Lilont Treaty. '■■'~' 21—Germans launch often!:** in Picardy. u Paris shelled by German g'jn at range of 75 miles, m General Foch assumes superior oontrol of allied armies. New Ze.i landers and Australians enter battle in P._ardy : Turkish fo:-« in Hit area destroyed >. 57—Germans occupy Albert and Mm'didier. ,i 80—Genera] Foch appointed generalissimo of the allied armies. „ 81—British troops on Italian front transferred to the Asiago plateau. Apl. lAmerican troops to be brigaded with. Allied forces for iram<?di!;o service. „ Germans launch second offensive in Flanders n li-Report of Irish Convention issued. New Zealand Entrenching Battalion engaged at Meteren, in Flanders. >■ 14—British and French troops land en Murmsra coast. rt 20—Arrival of Italian troops on west front announced. » British naval expedition against Zeebrugge and Ostend. i, 25—Germans capture Mont Kemmel. May I—World's shipbuilding in April exceeds losses hy 80.500 tons. „ Roumania signs peace treaty with Central Powers, « British naval raid on Ostend. i, 18—Arrest of principals in Sinn Fein plot in Ireland. ■ 18—hospital at Etaples bombed;. casualties include New Zealand*™. h Germans launch third offensive on Aisno front. Jons a—Appeal fa Ireland for rolunfary reemits. M ft—Allies endorse cations aspirations of Pales, JugMlara, and* CacheSlovaks. 1 H B—Germans launch fourth offensive on Noyon-Montdidiex front; two An?tnan warships torpedoed by Italians. m Fresci counter-attack checks German advance first meeting of 1918 Imperial War Cabinet. » 16—Austrian offensive on Italian front. « 23—Austrian* begin retreat on Pisve front. July I—World's shipping losses during Juno month ana quarter lowest since September. 1316. h B—Over 1,000,000 American troops in Franc*. „ B—Allied offensive in Albania begins » 7—Csecho-Slovaka in control of Vladivostok.

" —Germans launch fifth offensive in Champagne. „ Ex-Tsar of Russia, shot by Bolsiievilu. » IS—Allied eounter-i.ttack between Ukt\» and Aisno riven. ii Japanese Government decides on intervention in Siberia; French resell Mams, taking 20,000 prisoners and 400 pans. H New Zealanders take Rossigaol Wood, nor'h of Albert. M "o—French restore original line east ef Rheims. m W—German retreat on whole front north of Marne began. « 2&-A"ssassinaiion of Marshal von' J-ichorn, German commander in Ofa-a, e. An*. Allied force lauds at Archangel „ Allied offensive opened by attack between the Ancre and the Oise i, Montdidier recaptured. » ISBritain recognises Czecho-Slovai i as allied nation. „ Germans begin retreat from Flanders salient. „ French Centh Army attacks between the Oise and the Aisne. .. 21—British Third Army attacks between the Ancre and the Scarpo; Xew Zealanders engaged. >, 33—British Fourth Army extends offensive to Chaulnes. M New Zetlanders capture Bapaume; French capture Xoyon. „ 81—British regain BaiUeul. Mont Kemmel, and Peronne. Sept, 2—Drocouj-t-Queant line broken south of the Scarpe. >, 12—American First Army and French troops attack St. ilihicl aaliec', and straighten front. „ Austrian invitation to peace conference announced, German offer of separate peace to Belgium. „ 16—Offensive, on Macedonia front begins „ General offensive- in Palestine begun; Turkish front broken. i, 28—French and American offensive in Champagne i.nd Argoune. „ 28—British„ and Belgian attack between Ypres and Dixmude. „ 2f— Armistice with Bulgaria signal— Unconditional surrender to the Allies—Hostilities cease at n'on next day. ~ Surrender of Damascus. Oct, I—French capture St. Quentis. 2—Allied naval attack on Turaito ,i B—Abdication of King Ferdinand of Bulgaria. „ 5— Prime Maximilian, German Chancellor, announces peace offer. „ B—Alliec attack between Cambrai St. (,'uentirj; occupation of Beirut. i, 9—British advene-* beyond Hindenburs line, which completely penetrated on a front of 35 miles; occupation of Cambrai. „ 11—Germans retreat on whole front from Lys to Moselle „ 13— French capture J.aon. i, 35 —Italians c captiue Durazin. „ I"—Occupation of Ostend. ~ 16British Fifth Army raptures Lille; British attack > >n deiencea of the Belle. „ 19—French troops reich Widin. cr the Danube. „ £0— Belgians occupy Zeobrucge and Bruges. „ 24-Allied oileusiin on Italian front. .. $6—British capture Aleppo. offensive on the Tigris fr-..:t. „ 28— Allied conference opens in Pans; Austrian reguest for an armistice. ~ JO—Armistice concluded with Turkey; unconditional surrender to the Allies: hostilities cub at noon ' next day. Not. 1— Allied offensive renewed on western front: British capture '.'aletl-lie-lines. Servians occupy Belgrade. „ J—Austrian armies broken and in full retreat before. Italian* s—Armistice concluded with-Austria-Hungary—unconditional eiirrenae* to tbo Allies—hostilities case at * p.m. next clay. Revolutionary movement breaks out in Germany with mutiny at Kiel. ,i •— Allied offensive renewed on western front; New Zealaaderj capture L* Qttesnoy. „ 6—General retreat of German armies bejun by force* opposite British. 7—German envoy: cross French lines nt Le Eaudroy. under flag of tinea. Amerioars enter Sedan, cutting tM Hirson-Longnjon railway. „ B—Allied conditions of armistice d»» livered to German envoys by Marshal Foch. Abdication of the Kaiser and renunciation of the SUOcession by the Crown Prince. „ 9—British capture Maubeuee. Americans advance east of the Mcuse. „ IS—Surrender of Germany and cess* • ion of hostilities on the wejtejfl front, ;