OUR HOME LETTER.

New Zealand Herald, Volume XI, Issue 4045, 29 October 1874, Page 52

OUR HOME LETTER.

By arrangement completed in Sydney in . conference between Sir. Thomas Russell as the representative of the New Zealand Government, and the Post Master and Priuiicr of New South Wales, but the text of which wehave not at this writingbeen made acquainted ■with. Our means of correspondents Via Frisco has been made good. The last three Mails from New Zealandhavebeendespatched Via Sue;!, much to the inconvenience and annoyance of merchants .&c. Not only has the breakdown been a source of annoyance, but it has tended much to destroy public faith, in the permanency —in fact even the possibility of permaney —of the line, and has therefore much injured its prospects for months to come. It is fervently hoped that we have now seen the end of all our troubles in this direction. e have not !>een favoured with any later intelligence respecting the San Francisco mail service than that contained in the Sydney papers received by the Hero. The Herald •" understands that during Mr. Vogel's visit he expressly stipulated that in any transpacific service to which New Zealand would be a party, a loop lino, such as was provided for by the llall and Forbes contract, should be carried out, thus giving Sydney only an alternate direct service, and a branch boat for each intervening month : the same a3 for Auckland. * This, it is said, has since been agreed to. On one point both colonies are unanimous, namely, that the Californiau route shall be maintained. For some months it will necessarily be by temporary staamers calling at Auckland en route, until a permanent contract and suitable boats are completed. The Macgregor has been chartered Dy the A.S.N. Co. to convey the mail of this month to San Francisco, and to return here with the mails from England and America, under contract with the New South \Yales Government. Wc understand the ship has been arrested in the Vice-Admiralty Court for repairs executed or supplies furnished when she was here in June last, sailing under the orders of the A. and A. Mail Co. Bail has been given by the present agents, and before the ship returns to port probably the knotty question of liability of charterer or owner will have been settled in the suit now pending. Iu another paragraph the same journal says : —"We understand that no fresh arrangements other than for the conveyance of this month's mails have yet been completed witli the A.S.N. Co. The company have submitted an offer to carry on the temporary service until December next, or for a further period of one year, if necessary. As the matter stands at present, default of the permanent service cannot be made for three months after the date lixed by the contract, Mr. Hall having, when it was made in England, obtained a promise that, if necessary, three months' grace would be allowed the ontractors. A" private letter received by he X-*ii»do intimates that it was known in commercial circles in Boston, U.S., that Mr. Forbes's circumstances were not so aflluent as generally supposed, and it was believed Impossible that he could carry out his contract with the Governments of New South Wales and New Zealand. It is satisfactory ta know that complete accord exists between the representatives of these two colonies, who a-e now negotiating such arrangements as will give the line a permanence and guarantee a character it coidd never attain under Mr. Hall's auspices." It appears, upon careful enquiry, that the overdue arrival of the San Francisco steamers cannot be said to shew any short-comings on the part of the boats. The New Zealand 7'iitu s informs readers that nine complete round voyages have been made. Of the outward passages it is sufficient to say that the vessels invaiiably started to time from Sydney, and, with one exception, from New Zealand ; and that the delays in the delivery of the mail in England arose almost invariably front faults on the American railways, or at New York or Boston, or by being placed on board slow vessels for the Atlantic passage. The time allowed under the contract for the run from San Traneiseo to Auckland was 045 hours, and it was only twice exceeded—oil both occasions by the Macm-cor. By the City of Melbourne the noma ; the Tartar, 010 ; and the Mikado, on her last run, in 014 hours. Enough has been done to shew that the time-table can be kept, even with boats not built for the service. 11 ow much more easy (says our Wellington contemporary) it will be to observe it when the new steamers arc at work. Political apathy has been aroused since the close of tlie last Parliamentary session. The Premier's resolutions for the abolishment of the North Island Provinces while those in the South were to remain intact, have provoked action and the consequence has been the formation of a Reform League which comprises in its body some of our foremost men and politicians. The League has been liberally subscribed to, and although it has yet done but little much is promised from it, Sir George Grey, long a recluse in his island home at the Kawau, has emerged from his privacy and has addressed a very important petition, to His Excellency Sir James Fergusson, for transmission to the Home authorities, praying that thoy will not permit of anv constitutional changes being made until the wishes of the colonists of both islands have been well ascertained. Tlie petition, with the comments which it has evoked in the columns of this journal, will lie found elsewhere. It is replete with thought, the result of a long experience and an intimate acquaintance with the political history of the Colony from its earliest formation. The present wish of intelligent, and well-informed colonists, as expressed through the public journals,is for abolishing provincial governments and concentrating the whole Tinder one central representative authority. It will be seen that Sir George Grey, who may be styled the father of Provincial institutions, is still in favour of their maintenance, with certain modifications which he has not yet given in detail, but which are promised us at an early date. The annexation of Fiji as an integral portion of Her Majesty's Colonial possessions lias been received in New Zealand with unqualified approval. It is certain to stimulate commercial relations between ourselves and this important group. Auckland will be the first to receive the benefit of tlie

intimate intercourse wliicli M ill arise in the course of a tew months. Capitalists long waiting to invest in fostering enterprises among these islands mil now feel that security will l>o guaranteed to all their legitimatejjundertakings. The Hon. Julius Vogel, the Premier, left Melbourne by the Suez Mail en route for London, one of his objects being to negotiate a new loan, authorised in the last session of Parliament, for tlie further prosecution of the Public Works and Immigration scheme. There is little doubt but that he will meet with success as the security offered cannot fail to Satisfy intending buyers of our debentures. The Nam Xf aland, Gazelle, of the 15th inst. which came to hand recently, contains much information of interest to the provinces of tin: colony, as marking the increase of the consolidated revenue for the quarter ending the 2(ith September of the present - year, compared with previous quarters. This is made up by the following items :— Customs, £287,H15; Stamps, £24,844 ; Postofiice, £14,008 ; Telegraphs, £12,001 ; Judicial Fees and Fines, £0779; Fees (Registration, &e.), £8595; Incidental, £356. Taking the amounts as contributed by each province, we find the result to be : Auckland, £74,434; Taranaki, £2503; Wellington, j £48,926; Hawke's Bay, £12,977 ; Nelson, £22,596 ; Marlborough, £2997 ; Canterbury, , ; Westland, £15,733 ; Otago, ! £115,684. The provinces, in their order of ' contribution stand thus : —Otago Ist, Auck- ; land 2nd, Canterbury 3rd, Wellington 4th. The land fund for the same period, under all , zts various heads, amounted to £278,071, and : Shere were paid over to the provinces the

amounts hereto annexed, inclusive of £23,497 credit balance on the 30th of last. Of this sum Otago stands credited with .£22,650 ; Auckland, £2980; Taranaki, .€4l ; Wellington, £15,423; Hawke's Bay, £7390 ; Kelson, £5025 ; Marlborough, £10Sy; Westlanrt, £3G32; Canterbury, £117,C50; Otago, £140,977. It; will be seen that while Auckland raiiks second in respect to her contribution of consolidated revenue, her laud fund stands seventh down on the list. The gross sum of £300,840 was handed over by the General Government to the Provincial Treasuries throughout the colony, in the shape of land fund, which includes goldliclds revenue and gold duty, as well as territorial revenue. By the returns before us the General and Provincial revenue stands for the quarter ended .September 20, IST I:—Consolidated revenue, £355,434 ; Land Fund, £300,840 : total, £650,250. In other words, the revenue of the colony which passed through the departments of the General Government during the last September quarter, was at the rate of £2,025,120 per annum. Commenting on these figures, the I\ T cw Zealand Times says : —" This large sum docs not nearly represent the revenue of this eolony of three hundred thousand odd inhabitants. There are its railways, for instance, which will return a net income of something like 15 per cent, in Canterbury and Otago, and there are besides the fruitful streams of local taxation which tlow into the Provincial Treasuries. Indeed, we should not excced the mark were we to estimate the revenue of New Zealand, plus local rates, at three millions for the year 1574-75."

The telegraph wires from Wellington place us in possession of the receipts by Customs duties for the quarters ending September for the years -1573 and 1574. They are as follow: — Auckland .C54.91S £03.5-50 Thmm-s 2,-188 2.043 Wnnijamii .. .. .. 5,.'33S ■\VcllinKteu .. .. 22.05G 51.040 Nelson .. .. •• 10,739 10,Sf>l (Ireymoiith .. .. 10,197 10.509 Hokitika .. .. .. 5.997 5.047 Lyttelton 27,7-4 43,940 Timaru 3,272 -1,047 Oamaril 2,230 2.41)2 Dunedin .. .. .. 09,7-19 91,212 Invercargill .. .. 0,214 7,373 Kivcrton 1.27S 1,102 The following wore the gold export totals for the same periods respectively : —105,540 ozs., value £430,032 ; and SG,7S3 ozs., value £349,494. Riverton and Hokitika, it will be seen, arc the two ports which shew a decline, and these only to a small extent. Auckland shews an increase of £SG22 ; Wellington, £12,500; Lyttelton, £10,222; Dunedin, £24,403. The imports of Greymoutli nearly reach those of Nelson—tlie latter settlement having the advantage of age by some 80 years. The gold revenue shews a declinc of 21,703 ozs., but the provinces in which the decline has taken place are not given.

The news " social and domestic " has not been of a very enlivening description during the month, but there will be found under this heading, and in the other columns of our issue, many items of interest.

The ministers and lay representatives oj the Episcopalian Church were recently in conference at the sittings of the Diocesan Synod, and a discussion arose among them upon the question of High Church and Low Church observances. It is perhaps a subject of regret that such differences of opinion should exist, but as they do exist and are not likely to meet with an immediate final settlement, it is as well that existing differences should be tenderly and kindly dealt with. We offer no opinion upon such a vexed question, as not coming within the province of legitimate newspaper discussion. But as there are those who will view the matter from one of the two controversial sides, it may fairly be asked, why should not those who hold to their conscicntiously-arrived-at opinions be allowed to act upon them? If discussion would settle the question, then we would by all means say, let it be discussed at any length and cost of time ; but we know from the past that this is not likely to be the case. The clergy in this colony are supported by the laity, and the laity, as a rule, are intelligent, earnest, and sincere. They have a love for tlie pastorates, but they also have a love for being allowed a voice in the government of their churches. Those who desire High Church ceremonies will follow the ministers who lead thorn timt direction, iui'l those who desire a more simple form of service will obey the same rule. Better that men should be permitted to follow their convictions than that any powers should be exercised to restrain theni. Freedom of thought, when it does not extend to latitudinarianism is better than attempting to control it, by which angry feelings are engendered, subversive of all true religion. If men are not to be turned by gentle persuasion and wise counsel, it is certain they will not submit to discipline that is made compulsory upon them. The religious establishments in this province arc well supported and largely attended. Missionary efforts have done much good and will do more; so long as the churches are kept clear of dissensions upon questions which, after all, are of mere minor I importance as compared with those affecting the vitality of belief. We have only to direct attention to tho prevalence of materialistic thought to shew how absolutely necessary it is that the whole of the Christian Churches should be in accord with each other, to enable them more effectually to place tho axe to the root of a growing infidelity. It is the dissensions we have made brief reference to which causes tho finger of the doubter to be raised, and j say, " Behold the fruits of belief." A union I of the Churches that shall have for its object I the maintenance of Christian faith, charity, and mutual love among the brethren, re- ! gardless of the minor points of form and I ceremony, is perhaps what is wanted more | thnn any other movement which can be I initiated at the f present time.

The shareholders in the Bank of New Zea land held their twenty-sixth half-yearly gen'iial meeting on the 21st of October. The I minute.-; of the previous meeting having been confirmed, the half-yearly report was read and everything shewn to be so satisfactory, was,as a matter of course, adopted. The sjiecjh of the eliaiiuin.il, like the speeches of all thoroughly business men, was brief, but at the same time to the purpose. The chairman, in a few prefatory remarks, told the shareholders that when ho last had the pleasure of occupying the eliair the prospects of business appeared to warrant liim in holding out a hope of the result of the next halfyear's operations being more satisfactory than that which preceded it; and he was glad to point to the report which had just been read as evidence that he was not wrong in his anticipations. The operations of the institution had, on the whole, been most satisfactory;

anil aicnougn it was only ngnt to reckon on a fluctuation of business, the chairman saw nothing looming in the future to prevent a continuance of at least as favourable results. The population of the province was largely and steadily increasing, while public works were being vigorously prosecuted, and at tlm SITIK. t.itnn tlin W.il m.opW. fm.

products was well maintained. The chairman was ready to admit that there were not wanting elements in the future to suggest great caution ; still he thought tliere was ample ground for hope and confidence. The report shewed that the net profit to the 30th September, after making ample appropriation fur all bad and doubtful dependencies and for reduction of premises and furniture, omitting fractions, amounted to £-15,703, to which had to be added the

balance of undivided profit at the previous half-year of £13,212, making a total available for division of £58,910. The result of so much of successful business and good management is that a dividend at the rate of 10 per cent, has been declared, with a bonus added of five shilliiig.-t per share, being equivalent to live per cent, per annum. This allotment still leaves a margin to be carried to profit and loss account of £13,916; the reserve fund being £ISO,OOO, while business done during the present half-year, in round numbers, shews £1,000,000 sterling in. excess of the previous six months. In instance.

with respect to the operations of the Bank: of New Zealand, the figures speak for them- j selves, and no further comment is needed. ' It is rumoured that Mr. Stafford will l shortly visit England. Also that Mr. Fox is likely to resign his seat with the same object in view. Trade has been dull during the month, but this is accounted for in the fact of the rccent bad TT-eather, and on the score of the change of the season. ~With the coming summer mouths however, we look for a brisker period in business than we have heretofore enjoyed.] The growth of our out-districts is rapid, and the influx of immigrants has added materially to our labour resources, although it. has not to any appreciable extent diminished the rate of wages. We are advised of tlie " to arrive" at an early date of 790 more immigrants. These will come to hand at a most opportune moment, in the face of harvest, and at the moment of the most busy time in agriculture. After this lot we believe it is the intention of the Government to confine shipments to nominated immigrants, or to those who pay a large proportion of their passage money. The step is a judicious one. Our railway works are progressing, that is all we can say for them. The line to Drury has long since been completed, but notwithstanding the indignant protests of the settlers against the delay in opening it for traffic, no stops have been taken to remove the existing ban, whatever it really may be. Mr. Holloway has been busy spying out the fullness of the land in various directions. At this present moment he is with the Superintendent ill the "Hast," and wherever ho has travelled he lias, lipni-HV .—l.. i. no speaks highly of the capabilities of the province to "absorb" a goodly number of the "right sort," the designation of which he has already made known at Home.

The quarterly Circuit Court has just concluded its sittings. The Criminal calendar though light in respect to the number and character of the offences sent before the Grand jury, yet contained one charge of murder against Charles Dyer. The evidence in support of the charge disclosed some horrible details. The death of the victim, a woman named Elizabeth Battersea, with whom the accused cohabited, was caused by kerosene being thrown over her, and then set lire to with a Inciter match. The poor creature was dreadfully burnt,and died of the injuries she sustained. The prisoner was found guilty and condemned to death. He will be executed to-morrow (Friday) morning. The other eases present, no features of special interest. On the Civil side, the proprietors of the Eeeniny Star were prosecuted upon a criminal information for libol, before a special jury. The trial lasted two days. The libel charged was contained in some severe and very strong language upon the conduct of Captain Fraser, a magistrate and warden oil the Thames Goldfields. The jury did not sgree, and were discharged. The second ease was an action for breach of contract — Ireland v. Brogden and Sons. The plaintiff recovered £17!) 7s. Od. This concluded the business of the Court.

Thanks to the care ami attention bestowed oil the salmon trout ova from llobart Town by Captain McArthur, only one per cent, has been lost in the hatching. The fish, eight hundred in number, have readied such a condition as to admit of their being turned I out into the streams. Of these one hundred have already been sent to Coromandel, to be launched into the Tiki, and one hundred and fifty to Maliurangi. The rest are to bo distributed between the Omapere at Hokianga, tlie Matainuta, and the Mangatawhiri. Tlie X eelimatisatiun Society are to be congratulated on the successful issue of the importation. As will be seen elsewhere, our list of fires, accidents, otl'ences, maintain the usual averse. _____ NATIVE INTELLIGENCE. It is understood that all the apprehended difficulty about the closing of the Piako has passed away. Natives and »;oods belonging to natives have been taken up, .' nothing is now said about stopping the s . mer. It is with regret that we li.ivo 1.. mmuuiicc tl.o tlcatli ot" Ilaora Tipa Koinaki, the principal chief of the Xgatipai.a tribe, which took place on tho 25th Sept. This old veteran of the real Maori typo was well known t) many of the leading colonists and official.} as a loyal mail, distinguished also for his bravery, as he was truly honorable in all his dealings. The deceased chief is believed to have attained the ripe old age of SO years.

An amusing telegram comes from our correspondent at Tauranga. but although amusing the facts are vouched for as being perfectly correct. It appears that Chief Te Mucas wife "died ' a few days since at Rotorua, and lamentations and festivities poculiar to the Maoris upon a scale suitable to the dignity of the deceased were commenced. A carpenter was called in to construct a eoflin, which work lie commenced to perforin in close proximity to the conise. Imagine, then, the consternation of "chips' and the mourning relations when, upon the noise of the hammer, the "deceased" arose, and demanded to know "what's the row." The husband and the assembled mob, however, (continues our correspondent) were hungry] so set to and demolished the miscellaneous collection usually designated "a feast," and congratulations were, doubtless, lavished upon the "fair" one for her safe return from "the happy hunting grounds." Strangely enough, however, the rejoicin" was short lived. Four days later the ersfc° while restored-to-lifo individual really succumbed, "and," facetiously adds our correspondent, " tlie sorrowing chief is now taking precautions to prevent her peaceful repose from being interrupted."

The Government (says a Wanganui contemporary) have, after long negotiations, succeeded in making arrangements with Kemp on behalf of the Wanganui natives for a 21 years' lease of about 350,000 acres of the M.urimotu country, at .C 3500 per annum, or at the rate of .CIO per 1000 acres. There arc, however, considerable native reserves to be m;..de out of the block. The agreement requires the formal ratification of the different members of the tribe, but that is hardly likely to be withheld, more especially as Kemp has, it is understood, already received one year's rent in advance.

The Government has been for some time past, through its agents, acquiring a large extent of laud from the natives north of Russell, and the surveys are, we arc informed, being rapidly proceeded with. The news from inland is unsatisfactory. The recent intermeddling act of the Government at Wellington with respect to the Land Purchase Commissioners betrays a weakness. The natives, having concluded negotiations, are making fresh demands. All the commissioners' arrangements have been unsettled by the Arawa tribe.

The natives of Maungatapu settlement have been squabbling about land, and one party conimcnced brushing up their old arms ready for action, but the influence of old identities pacified matters. Our native whaling industry was attended with greater success last season than it has been for years past (writes or r Last Coast correspondent), and this encouragement is likely to stimulate those engaged therein to put forth greater efforts in this direction next winter than they have yet done. One boat—the owner of which is Mr. Henare Potae, of Tokomaru—secured four fish, each of which was of good size. The largest of these was one of a species of whale not seen on this coast for eight or nine years past. It yielded about seven tons of oil and a large quantity of whalebone. Some of the oil was burnt in the process of boilin" and this defect depreciated the article in the market, and it hadconsequently to be disposed of at a price far below its usual Yalue. The loss is keenly felt by the natives, who

are determined to take proper precaution for aaenring a better couuuodiiy next season. Oar East Coastcorraspondent writes:— " It is my painful duty to record a fatal accident from carelcss use of fire-arms, which occurred in the vicinity of the East Cape a few days ago, and which has caused considerable sensation in that locality. From particulars communicated to me, it would appear that a native named Hapeta who was suffering, to some extent, from delirium tremens, was attempting to shoot a large hawk which ho noticed a short distance from his whare; and whilst taking aim a little boy, named Ihaia, a nephew of his, whose father is a native constable in the district, was standing between him and the bird, apparently unconscious of any danger. Not observing that the child intervened, the man fired somewhat at random, and instead of shooting the hawk as he doubtless intended, he unfortunately shot the boy ; the contents of tho gun, which consisted of small shot, lodging in the poor little fellow's throat and face. The child, whose age was about seven years, expired in a few minutes, so deadly were the wounds he received. The Coromandel journal reports the pad death of a poor deaf and dumb Maori. It appears that the deceased, whose name was Peni, and who was well and liked by both Maoris and pakch-is, left Whangapoua with several othr-i Maoris to go to Kennedy's Bay. It- is rumoured that they obtained supplies of drink on the way, and that the deceased being helplessly drunk, the others left him and proceeded 011 their way. How long he lay on tho road is not known, but. he appears to have made a fire, and was fouml after a day or two, and 1 a Ut, 111 with 1.10 logo ovroiloH a.ul to use them. He died on the 30th September. Complaints against inland public-houses amongst tho natives, are becoming general. The Government is being appealed to to stop the wholesale liquor traffic with the natives. It is stated that the Maoris intend to attempt silk-worm culture in the Wanganui district.

POLITICAL. Wo (Wellington Prut) learn that hi: Exccllericy Sir James Fergusson will proceet to Auckland towards the end of next month to meet his successor, the Marquis of Nor manby, who will arrive there from Sydney A few days after the arrival of the Marquis Sir James Fergusson will take his final de parture from the colony. Mr. J. Sheclian, M.1T.1t., met his constitu cuts pursuant to announcement in the Public Hall, Mahurangi, at 7 o'clock on Saturday Oct. 24. Mr. 11. Palmer was voted to tin chair. Mr. Sheclian spoke at considerable length, and carefully reviewed the principa measures of the session. He annouueet his intention to oppose the proposec constitutional amendment, and if de feated, would then endeavour to securc a; largo a measure as possible of loca self-government for the out-districts. Mr Slieehan was enthusiastically received and was frequently applauded during tin course of his address. Mr. Moore pro posed, and Mr. Hudson seconded, a vote o! confidence. Mr. Angovc said he had mucf pleasure in supporting the motion; Mr. Sheclian had done more for the electorate than any man who had represented thencither in the Council or the Assembly, anc they woidd be glad to have Mr. Sliechan'i services its their representative in the iie.w Parliament. He hoped the meeting would follow up the motion by three cheers for Mr. Sheclian. The motion was passed unanimously, and then three hearty cheers were given for Mr. Slieehan. A vote of thanks t< tlie chairman closed the proceedings. On the 10th October, Messrs." Win. T. Buckland and Joseph May met their constituency of the district of Franklin, in the Commercial Hall, Waiuku. There were oidy about forty electors present, in consequence of the notice of the meeting beiii" so short, Mr. Hamlin, M.P.C., was called to the chair. The meeting throughout was quiet anil orderly, and tile representatives were well received. A unanimous vote of thanks was accorded to them. Tiie Eden election for a representative, in tho Provincial Council, which took place on the 2/th Oct., and resulted in the defeat of Mr. \\ .L. [Ices. The following was the result of the polling ; — „ , , ° May. Jtoss. >cwniarkct ll;» 70 Whau 10 ISO S2 Majority for Mr. May .. ..OS The election of a candidate for the vacant seat in the Provincial Council for Ramarama came off on tho 17th Oct. Notwithstanding the inclemcney of the weather tlie electors turned (Hit almost to a man. 'There was great interest manifested, the ground having had to be travelled over again iu consequence of an error in the first contest. The election wa? conspicuous f..rits absence of rowdyism, drunkenness, or disturbances of any kind. The following was tlie state of the poll at the three polling places : — I , , Harris. Crispe. Pukukoho \\ est .. .. <;<i co Tiijikau 23 10 Pokeno ~ .. .. g r, Majority for Harris .. .. 10 _ An amusing complication has arisen re the appointment of Commissioner of Crown Lands for Nelson. Mr. I >anie]l, the present Commissioner, is too old to perform the active out door duties of the office, and, beiii" entitled to a pension, wished to retired Mr. Superintendent Curtis, when Major Atkinson was in Nelson, asked him to allow Daniell a retirement, and to appoint Mr. Greenfield, Provincial Secretary, as his successor. Major Atkinson assented, but 011 his return here found that A ogel during the session had promised the appointment to Joseph Shepherd, the member. Major Atkinson informed Curtis of this, and Mr. Curtis objected to Shepherd as being quite as unfit for the duties as Daniell. it now turns out that Shepherd was professiii" j to Greenfield to use his influence in his favour. The result of the whole afi'air is that I Daniell has withdrawn his application for leave to retire, ami retains office. A strong ' feeling is said to exist in Nelson regarding I Shephurd's conduct in the matter. °

EC'C LES! AST IX'A L. The seventh session of the New Zealand Diocesan Synod was inaugurated on Oct. 'JO, and commonced with a" special service in St. Paul's (Cathedral) Church. There were present 011 the occasion the Lord Bishop (Rightßev. lDr. Cowie), the Venerable Archdeacon Mauusell, Dr. Kinder, and Messrs. Bree, Lush, Gould, Hall, iHulley, Nelson, Lloyd, Otway, Brady, Taylor, and .Baker. The Rev. Messrs. Burrowcs and Hassard were also present, although they took 110 part in the proceedings. After the general service there was a special celebration of the Lord's Supper. The Synod held its first meeting in the Bishop's library, Parnell— Right Rev. Dr. Cowie (president) presiding. There were present:—Clergy : Archdeacons Maunsell, Pritt, Dr. Purehas, Revs. .Burrowcs, Brec, Bates, lirady, Dudley, Gould, Hassard, lfall, Kinder, Lloyd, Lush, G. Mauusell, Otway. Laity : Colonel Haultain, Colonel Nation, Dr. Home, Messrs. Adams, Cochrane, Doonin, Dyer, Gordon, Harris, S. E. Hughes, J. D. Jackson, lvirkbride, Luke, R. B. Lusk, B. Maclean, Martelli, Martin, MeKinstrey, Nolan, Pierce, Power, Tisdall, Upton, Vickers, Williams, Yonge. The Right Reverend the Bishop of Auckland then delivered an elaborate and exhaustive address on the religious condition of the diocese. An interesting debate, lasting two days, took place as to the alleged existence of Ritualistic practices in the diocese— a discussion evoked by Mr. Power's motion, " That in the opiniou of this Synod the forms and ceremonies practised in the churches of this diocese be as much as possible assimilated," and Mr. Boardman's amendment, " That this Synod deprecates the alterations in the established custom of conducting Divine service in any church in this dioceae, until

such alterations are approved by five-sixths of the male members of the congregations, signified at a public meeting specially called for the purpose, notice of which has been publicly given in the Church on the two Sundays next preceding the day of meeting.' Ultimately, both motion and amendment were withdrawn. Tlie Synod closed its sittings yesterday. The Bishop of Waiapu, in his address to the Diocesan Synod, spoke against the usaof " Hymns, Ancient and Modern" 111 'Episcopalian Churches on account of their tendency "in a Homeward direction." He said:— "There is a covert attempt to bring in doctrines novel to the Church of England, and which promote a restoration of practices which were removed at the Reformation. I shall only notice a few leading points. . . But the most serious objection against this book is its tendency to Mariolatry. In ' Hymns Ancient, and Modern' we find that the name of the Virgin is put forward with singular prominence. There we have the terms, 'Virgin full of grace,'' Mary mulefiled,' 'Mothermild,' 'Motherblest,' 'Mother dear,' 'Virgin born,' 'The Virgin's HolySon.' We look to the Romish Breviary, and we sec that these are the terms there recognised ; and, in fact, no less than 123 of the hymns of this work are borrowed from the Roman, Sarum, and Paris Breviaries ; but these expressions would have sounded strange to the ears of members of the Church of England at the beginning of this century. The object of introducing them now seems to be that those who use the book may be insensibly reconciled to unaccustomed words and phrases which are the symbols of superstition and idolatrv."

Tlie l>.>£mir iu aitl of All Saints' Church concluded on Oct. 20. The result has equalled the expectation of the promoters, whose aim has been to extinguish the debt of JL'2SO on the church. Very great credit is due to the ladies and gentlemen who interested themselves in the matter for their exertions, not only during the past few days but also previously in making the arrangements. There was a large attendance yesterday evening at thegiftauctious. Mncliexciteinens was caused" by these sales, and no small amusement at the forensic eloquence displayed by Messrs. Tonks and Dacre, the auctioneers. 'The following are the returns : —First day, £44 5s 9d ; second day, £95 13s 3d. Third day : Stall No 1., £24 0s 3d ■ No 2, £30 17s Sd; No. 3, £9 5s Od ; No. 4, £7 4s j No. 5, £0 3s ; refreshments, £3 Is 2d ; Mr. Featon, 17s Od ; door, £11 4s; Christmas tree. 4s 3d : total, £9S 17s 4d. Gross total, £23S 10s 4d.

The Auckland Diocesan Choral Association held its third festival service at St. Paul's Pro-C'athedral Church, 011 the 22nd October. _ The Bishop and thirteen of the clergy of the diocese were present. The members of the associated choirs numbered 115, comprising the choirs of St. I'aul's, St. Matthew's, St. Mary's, St. Sepulchre's, St. Mark s, All Saints', St. Peter's (Onehunga), Epiphany (West Newton), and Trinity (North Shore). Mr. Brown, senior, acted as conductor ; and Mr. Brown, junior, presided at the organ. The Bishop preached an excellent and very appropriate sermon.

A meeting of the parishioners of St. Matthew's parish took place on 13th Oct., at which a committee was appointed to enquire into the cost of the erection of a memorial window to the late Pew 1). Jones incumbent of St. Matthew's Church. It was agreed that offertories should bo made to supplement the funds already collected for this purpose.

At an ordinary meeting of the Auckland Presbytery, was held Oct. 7th, the Rev. J. Wallace was appointed Moderator for the ensuing year. In accordance with a petition from Pollok settlement, the Rev. Mr. Galloway decided to retain his charge of that district, in which the sederunt acquiesced. An overture to the General Assembly, re the establishment of a Theological Institute, was adopted. Representatives to the Assembly were elected, and several other business matters dealt with by the Court.

The Pitt-street Wesleyan Church Anniversary sermons were preached on Oct. 25 — in the morning by the Rev. A. Reid (chairman of the district), and in the evening by the Rev. G. H. Turner, of the Free Methodi.st Church. The congregations were 011 both occasions. The collections were— morning, £17 2s Od; evening, £14 ISs 0d : total, £31 lGs 3d. The soiree took place on the 27th, and was highly successful.

The Otaliv.hu Wesleyan Methodist Circuit held its quarterly meeting 111 Wesley Church, Otalmhu, Sept. 30, under the presidency of the superintendent minister, Rev. R. S. Bunn. The financial statement shewed the income of the quarter to exceed the expenditure by £13 9s. As the rev. chairman's term in the circuit will expire next conference, a unanimous invitation was given to the Rev. William Kirk, of Taranaki.

Tlie tenth anniversary soiree of the Newton Congregational Sunday-school was held 011 Tuesday evening, the 20th of October. After tea a public meeting was held, Mr. Ellyctt in the chair. The reports shewed that 235 scholars now attend the school, which was started with eleven. The average of teachers and scholars for the past year was 125 in the morning and 107 in the afternoon. Tlie treasurer's statement, shewed :—Total receijits, £152 12s 3.1; expenditure, £110 9s 9d: credit balance, £315 2s Od.

The anniversary services of the Newton Congregational Sunday School were held 011 Oct. IS. The Rev. A. Reid conducted the morning service, and preached from the •J ltli verse of the 11 th chapter of Hebrews. An address to parents was given by the Rev. G. H. Turner in the afternoon. The evening sermon was delivered by the Rev. Warlow l>avies : text, 10th verse of the IStli chapter of Matthew. The collections, which were made in aid of the school fund, were as follow :—Morning, £0 0s ; afternoon, £5 7s; evening, £8 9s Oil : total, £20 2s od. A party of amateurs from Auckland, assisted by Madame Mollcr and Mr. Lambert, held a concert of sacred and secular music in the Wairoa public hall on the 20th Oct., the proceeds to go towards the building fund of a church and a school in tlie Hunua disrict.

-MEETINGS AND AMUSEMENTS. Oil 2nd Oct. a meeting was held at Papakura, the object of which was to urge tiio opening of the Auckland and Melee!' Kailway to as far as Drury, when tlio following resolution was moved and carried unanimously : —" That, as the railway is now so far completed as to be tit for traiiic as far as Prury, it is highly desirable that the line should at once bo opened for passengers arid goods to that place.'' This resolution witli all other information connected with the opening of the line was immediately forwarded on to Wellington by W. T. Buckland, Esq., member tor the electoral district of Franklin in the House of Representatives. Mr. Buckland has placed us in possession of the following telegraphic reply from the Minister of Public Works:—"Your telegram ?y further opening of the Mercer Railway received. Although the rails are laid, the road is in such a state as to preclude any chance of opening to Drury for some time. The contractors have to use this line for ballasting further on. They arc under contract to keep the road in order during its construction and for three months after completion. If the line were opened now the Government would be put to great expense, and contractors would not only benefit thereby, but would have a claim for interference withincompletionof furtherextension. When the line is really completed to Drury, probably satisfactory arrangements may be made with contractors, but it cannot be rushed."

On the 2-tth of October, a public meeting was held in the theatre of the Mechanics' Institute, Thames, convened at the instance of Mr. Rowe and others, for the purpose of devising means whereby a superior class of education should be provided for the district. To remedy present evils it is proposed to establish a nigh school, where boys of the

upper classee can be taught higher branches of education than can be gained at present. That a school of this description tvould receive support on the Thames was fully confirmed by various speakers last night, and ii was determined to apply to the Provincial Government for a grant in aid of the erection of buildings, and salaries of tlie the masters. Some idea was given as to the probable cost of the establishment, which would be about £500, while the salaries would amount to £000 per annum. School fees, it was estimated, would realise at least £400 per year, so that the total outlay to the province would not exceed £200 per annum beyond the grant for the erection of the buildings, which is a small item in comparison with the endowments and grants in aid of the Auckland Grammar School. The following resolution was proposed and carried unanimously, and a strong committee was elected to collate the necessary information, and to communicate with the Board of Education and Provincial Government with a view to carrying out the resolution, which was to the following effect:—"That in the opinion of this meeting it is extremely desirable, in the interests of education, that a High-school, in accordance with the provisions of the Education Act, 157"2, Amendment Act, 1574, should be established in some centrally situated locality in this district."

Tlie members of the late Auckland Volunteer Fire Brigade met at Mr. Riordan's Cafe, Fort-street, on .Sept. 2S, at a supper. About 40 persons were present. Tlie chair was taken by Mr, J. Guildiug and the vice-chairs Messrs. Buttenvorth and Fulljames. Previous to the suppc-r the chairman, on behalf of tlie members of the late Fire Brigade, presented a very handsome piece of silver plate to Mr. Asher Asher, their late Superintendent. In doing so the chairman highly complimented the recipient. The plate bore the following inscription:—"Presented to Mr. Asher Asher, late Superintendent of the Volunteer Fire Brigade, by the members, as a memento of their esteem. September 2S, 1574."—1n reply, Mr. Asher reviewed his services in the Auckland Fire Brigade, which extended over a period of 18 years. The teuth lecture of the winter series at the Young Men's Christian Association Rooms, was given on tlie 20th September, by the Rev. Mr. C'ornford, upon "Science Among the Cinders." The room was well filled. Mr. Abraham Boardman occupied the chair.

On 15th Oct., a very enjoyable entertainment was given to the patients of the Lunatic Asylum at the Whau, the admission to which was by invitation ticket. A goodly number of ladies and gentlemen, many of them from Auckland, accepted -the invitations, and were provided with a most agreeable evening's amusement. The first portion of the entertainment consisted of the performance of an original drama by the officers of the Asylum, entitled " Mary, the Maid of the Mill," composed for the occasion by the resident surgeon, Pr. Aickeu, and wliieh really was possessed of no inconsiderable merit, eliciting the repeated and prolonged applause of patients and visitors. The comedy passed off with an ease and smoothness that could scarcely have been expected from amateur performers. It was pleasing to observe the quiet and orderly demeanour of the patients, who seemed to thoroughly enjoy the performance. The interlude was pleasantly occupied by the rendering of several excellent and appropriate songs, and by recitations, and an effective speech on the treatment of lunacy by one of the patients, which evinced more than ordinary literary ability. The second part was filled in by Mr. Arthur Vivian and Company, who kindly gave their services for the occasion.

A social gathering of the of members the Tonic Sol-Fa Society was held on Oct. 22, in the Edwardes-street School-room. After the material part of the entertainment had been disposed of, Mr. Bloomfield, the teacher, was presented with a silver tea-service, and then songs and festivities lilled up the evening.

The last of the winter course of lectures, in connection with the Young Men's Christian Association, was delivered by the Rev. Archdeacon Maunsell on the lGth October: subject, "The Man/' Captain Daldy took the chair.

I FRIENDLY SOCIETIES. A now friendly .society, entitled ''The , Independent Order of Free Gardeners,'' has been established in Auckland. It has been enrolled under the Friendly Societies Act of S?ct Zealand. The annual meeting of the Auckland Total Abstinence Society was held in the Temperance Hall, Albert-street, on the 30th of September. The secretary read tlie report, together with the balance-sheet and auditor's report, from which it was shewn the Society had expended .€lll3 ss, receipts i'SS-1, property had been purchased, repairs had been eil'ected, and several sums were owing, leaving the general debit balance Co_!3 7s. The following officers were elected : —A. Clark, President; Colonel Haultain, Dr. Xicholson, Kevs. P. 11. Cornford, P. Mason, >S. Edger, Messrs. J. Probert, and C. llobinson, Vice-Presidents ; Treasurer, Solomon Hemus ; Secretary, J. AV. Can- ; committee, Messrs. "White, Coleman, E. Carr. IX Goldie, P. Cherry, -J. J. Swimierton, 11. Hurst, J. 12. Can-, C. Anderson, C. E. Hill, D. K. C'larkson, and J. Edwards. GOOD TEMPLAR!SiI. A lodge of Good Templars for the Middle Island was instituted in Christehurch, Province of Canterbury. The representasives of over 40 Templar lodges were present. S. P. Andrews, M.P.C. tor i.'hristchureh, was elected Grand Worthy Chief 'Templar. It was decided to hold the next annual session of the Grand Lodge at Duuedin. A sueiai tea was held ii: the Temperance Hall on Sept. 29, in conncction wi'.h the Fraternal Home Lodge of Good Templars. About three hundred persons were present. The meeting commenced at eight o'clock p.m. The Rev. P. H. Cornford took the chair, and delivered a neat speech. Tlio festivities in connection with the iirst anniversary of the Excelsior Lodge of Good Templars took place on Jlith Oct., in the school-room at the Whan. The room was very tastefully decorated, and a bountiful repast provided, over which th • following ladies presided:—Mrs. Hell, Mrs. Thomas, Miss Thomas, Mrs. Owen, Miss Owen, Miss Smith, Miss Absolom, Mrs. Mankes, and Miss White. There -was so large an attendance that it was necessary to have four different relays of tea. After the good things had been disposed of, Mr. Bell delivered the opening address, speaking generally of the progress of the lodge and the advance of the fraternity. He then introduced Dr. Nicholson, JJ. D.E.AV.G.T., who expressed his sense of gratification at the progress of the lodge. He spoke humorously as to the arrangements of the evening, and gave great credit to the lodge for the advance they had made during the year. He went through the history of the establishment of the Order of Good Templars in Isew Zealand, and said that there were now about 50U0 staunch members, isot only was the number of adherents a source of satisfaction, but it was matter for congratulation that many who were formerly drunkards had now become members of the socicty. Pie was also glad to say that the natives had taken an active part in. the movement: and air application had been made by an influential Maori for all particulars in order that a lodge might be opened among them at Tauranga. Other speeches, songs, &e., followed. The lodge, which commenced with sixteen members only a twelvemonth ago, now numbers seventy. This shews the great strides which the temperance movement is making in a locality which at one time was by no means famed for sobriety. An open meeting was held in the Kiverhead Lodge of Good Templars, on the -2nd of October, —Brother Collins in the chair. ; There was a good attendance, and the alfair ] passed off successfully. An adjourned meeting of residents of i Newton, interested in forming a benefit 1

i society in connection with Templars, was held in the NW+ X?* 1 on 20th Oct., Mr. Brooking' pcwfe" occupied the chair Rules balk upon th ' already adopted by kindred societi™ 064 submitted by the secretary an,) -w Were About ninety names were cnmli i books. The following | pro tern. : Chairman, Brothe- Josei\£°™- O<J ren; directors, Brothers Charles p„ , ar " James Cox, James Lee, and Robe-t \V i> ■ treasurer, Brother Thomas Waltr.,-. er • tary, Brother S. Worms; trustee* p Se . cre " H. Waite, S. Brooking, and S' Dr. J P, Nicholson was pointed medical officer to the Societv t?' S n ode?v." aSnamed " The Tem P te 'BeaSt 6 An entertainment was given on O t in the Temperance Hall, in aid of tIJ; of the 1.0. G.T. band.' The cotet menced with the " Templars' march i : chorus, the singers being assisted by rt* band, under the leadership of M*. -xt Cornish. The evening's suited in the receipt of a c.,gs[lw amount in aid of the fuuds. ' MASONIC. We understand that efforts will b > .-h n -i made to establish a new Masonic Lo<W °.\l y Thames, imderthe English Constitution the l-hume* Advertiser. At present thTre are two lodges here, one under the IV ik Constitution and the other tlie*.So 1 The English Masons are determined to one also. 8 John Hislop, Esq., of Duuedin, has hinstalled Right Worshipful IVovmcni ter of New Zealand in the Free M^on-vf" ternity. ~ " The Brethren of the Punoe of Wnl-. Lodge of Freemasons, E.C..- nur at 5-w p.m. on Thursday, the 24th of St:)itr- m hj r for the purpose of installing the Master elect, Brother George N. Bras<ev and to present the Pastmasters, Broths A. H. Dietlielm and W. H. Kissling, with pieces of plate in recognition of then- st'i-vi™* to the lodge. SPORTING. The programme for the Christmas and 2 s ? ew Year's race meeting of the Auckland Racing Club has been published. The first day's sport (on Boxing-dav) includes a Trial Stakes of CO sovs., Railway Plate of -10 sovs., the Auckland Cup of 200 sovs., Midsummer : Handicap of 100 sovs., the Provincial Maiden Produce Stakes of 40 sovs., and a Hurry Scurry of 10 sovs. The second day's sports (on the Ist January) comprises a Derby Stakes of 100 sovs., Grand Stand Handicap of 100 sovs., Publicans' Purse of 100 sovs., Selling Race of 50 sovs., Handicap Hurdle Race of 50 sovs., and a Hurry Scurry Hurdle Race of 15 sovs. The next day the following events will be competed for Handicap Steeplechase of 100 sovs., Free Handicap of 00 sovs., Town Plate of 50 sovs., Consolation Handicap of 40 sovs., and a Hack Race of 10 sovs. The opening pigeon match of the season, ofHamley Gun Club, took place on the 21st Oct., ill Leonard's paddock,'near Mr. Isaac GWynne's. In the first match, of live birds, the scores were as follow : —Mr. R. Wynyard, 5 ; Mr. J. Russell, 5; Mr. E. Perkins, 5 ; Captain Braddick, 6; .Mr. T. Morrin, 4; Mr. W. Hay, 7; Mr. Claude, 0; Mr! J. Gwynne, G; Mr. Newell, 3; Mr. A. E. Isaacs, 7 ; Mr. E. Jones, S ; Mr. S. Morrin, 0; Mr. Palmer, 5; Mr. Waller, 5; Mr. T. Brown, 0 ; Mr. Williams, 8; making a tie between Sir. Williams and Mr. .Jones, which was shot off and won by Mr. Jones. After wliieh there was a double gyro match ; the scores averaged were very good. The match resulted in a tic between Mr. Russell and Captain Braddick, eventually won by Mr. Russell.

PIKES. At three o'clock a.m., oil Oct. 22, the tire-bell situated at the junction o£ Queen and Wakefi -Id-streets rang out the sound of alarm, imn lately followed by the one attached to the New Zealand Insurance Building, and the various lire-ljells in am! around the city -echoed the ilre;ul Constable Tierney, on duty in the upper part of Queen-street, was the lirst to observe a glare of tlanie iwoceediny from tiie shop occupied by Mr. Kemsley as a China and earthenware establishment, and at once gave the alarm. We may state that Mi-. ICtmsley had only recently opened in his late premises, and only some twelve mouths since suffered a similar loss by being burnt out at Hiverhead. The flames rapidly spread towards Itucland-struet, in which was situated tlireo small cottages, the inhabitants oi which, so quickly did the dames spread, had barely time to escape, the females fleeing from their recent homes in almost a state of nudity. A very short time was suliicient to convert the cottages into a mass oi burning debris. Meanwhile the llain.s -v_-re making their way slowly but steadily up Wakelield-strcet, and caught lirm hold of the Charlemont Hotel, kept by Mr. t\ "Willis, which, although a brick building, did not seem to stay the progress of the lire for an instant. i!y this time Superintendent Hughes (with an engine aiulr. number of the Fire Brigade) was on the scene, but, owing to the scarcity of water, was able to do little it anything towards saving jn'operty. However, at five minutes past four o'clock, a small jet was obtained from the stand-pipe a 'joining the Dublin Boot Puetory, a little further up NVakelicld-street, but so weak was the force of water at command that the united and systematic efforts of the Superintendent and hii men were up till this time futile. The wind being favourable for tin spread of the tlames up \Vakeiield-street, the house next the hotel, which was untenanted, and the next to be csigv.lp'.icd in the living mass of tire. Mr. Woodwarl, who was among the sufferers by the late tiro in street, is houseless again, his business premises having been four doors above the house in which the fire broke out. in a very short space of time—some thirty minutes after the alarm was; !irsc given—another liouse, viz., that occupied by Mr. sandal, was almost totally destroyed. It was fully lirdl'-au-hour after the Haines had taken a secure hold of the buildings, before a single drop of water could be procured and when it was obtained it was t°° late to save the Charlemont i-lotel. At 5a.m., the wind having by this time moderated, and there being then a copious supply o: water, the iiames were at length got under, at the premises last mentioned, eight houses in all having been completely destroyed. 1h insurances 011 the block were as follow : NEW ZEALAND. On promiwea bclongiux to R. Somerville—o shop occupied by Mrs. "Woodward and o^ shop eruptv .. .. Cottarc in tttuiand-strcet, the property of cxe cutors of Mears .. .. I'lCTorrA. Kemsley's stock J Charlemont. Hotel, insured by IlaUtcad's trustees 254 IMPtiIIXAL. Kemsley' stock 2W „ building 2 ?^ Woodward's stoc-c .. .. .. •• *'-*• NATIONAL. randail'.s hnildi .. •• •• • xokwici) [Cc-- hL-v'- bi;il .. .. . h:irioii:')ii; Ht.i -1, personal «.iocl?, «>w l-:ii>-.i Georges STAXD.\IIL>. Charlemont iiott-l buildiug >! — Total .. .. .. .. .. - Tiie losses may bo summarised as follow : \ L'\v Zealand, j;7.10 ; Norwich Union, £>00 : v'ietoria, .I*oso ; Standard, £500; Imperial, -'500; National, £*250 ; Koynl, Liverpool and -ondon, and .South British, Randall's promises not being destroyed the *250 risk will only be a jjarti.il los' ame remark may be apj)lied to the •300 by the Norwich Union. This offict . £500 risk on the brick hotel, but on its apsini* on the ISth instant, the risk was aken up by the Standard. The insurance f £250 with the National on Mrs. Sandills »uilding was only effected on previous

afternoon, by Mr. Ore en way, to cover !l 'a Ol lire 0 broke out about 2 a.m. on tho . o t h October, in a wooden building, situate Irtf ,inner end of Hobsoii-street, and e.ep.'itcdbv one house from Mr. Mas oi.'r, Wesw.rn Vcademy. considerable number of iconic quickly gathered at the scene, • inoii' st wc noticed a number of memj" cv « of the Fire Brigade, under the super-JitMid'-'iico of Inspector Hughes, The house „-is occupied by Mr. Smith, who caries on the business of fruiterer iu the Market Bnildins, Queen-street. 111 addition to the destruction of the household furniture, about three hundred cases of apples, stored' in the premises the previous day, *" -re also destroyed. The house was insured 1 t'liidon, Liverpool, and Globe Insurance "f, m Wmv for €fo(). [t was the property of Mr* llobson, now in Kngland. The stock ■ind'furniture was insured in the New Zealand Insurance Company for £250. Vll alarm of lire was given 011 the lGth i-,! i >ueen-street, about ten o'clock 'i,,.' The scene of the lire proved to be a 'bed used as a workshop at the back of Mr. l' Phillips' premises (formerly N. Camphell's. tailor). The tire when discovered apP ,.-.red to have a good hold of the wooden imildiii-. and serious apprehensions were entertained of an extensive conflagration. Thanks, however, to the prompt action taken hv a few who were lirst on the scene, the catastrophe was averted and the fire i|iu'llod. The premises in which the fire appeared to have broken out are occupied by Messrs. J. and J. Jamieson, boot and shoe manufacturers. The stables belonging to Mr. Crowther, cab i.roi'rietor. Albert-street, were discovered 011 theshoitlv after 11 p.m. 011 Oct. 2">. The tire broke out amongst some straw composing the bedding of the horses, and is believed to have been' occasioned by one of tho men dropping a match. Fortunately it was disspeedily distinguished before v;y danm-'e was done. Otherwise the eon-s-ei'iueucos might have been serious, there heint: a large number of horses 011 the premises. The fire-bell having baen set ringing, Superintendent Hughes and several of his brigade were soon 011 the spot, but their services were not required. The dwelling-house of Mrs. "Waters, widow of the late Mr. Waters, an old settler at I'apatoitoi. was burnt down 011 the night of 30th Sept. The house was a two-storied one, and situate about 1">0 yards from the main road, between the Presbyterian Church and the Kaglan Hotel. The whole of the building and its contents were totally destroyed. The house was insured in the ew Zealand Insurance Oltice for ;£OOO, and in tho Norwich Union forJKOOO. The furniture and contents were also insured in the former office for £200.

A tire broke out at Ho wick on the 30th i>ept., in an unoccupied cottage belonging to one Felix Monaghau, a labourer. The building was destroyed. It was insured_iii the New Zealand Insurance Office for £75, and the furniture for £25. The Government have issued notice of a reward for the conviction of the incendiary of the Maketu Hotel and stores.

The store belonging to Mr. T. Karenagli at I'atumahoe was observed to be ill tiames at About four a.m. on the "25th October, and before any assistance could be given the building and contents were completely destrovedT Mr. Ivavenagh was insured for £100, but liis loss is said to be beyond that amount. At present the origin of the tire cannot be discovered, and much anxiety is expressed at these repeated damages in the neighbourhood. Mr. Ivavenagh s brother s Hax-mill was destroyed by lire not long since, and also Mr. Crispes llax store, with £150 worth of llax, grain, See., See. The dwelling belonging to Mr. J. Keys at Patau (near Wangarei Heads) was consumed by lire on ""Monday, the l*2th of October. ' Keys and liis wife were working in their garden some distance from the house when the fire took <|>la. e. It was blowing verv stroii"" at the time,-und would consume very fast. They were not aware of the destruction that betel theia. until their return home from their wo _i The (ire is supposed to have originated in the chimney, it facing a wooden one, and the dour being carelessly le't open by a child sent oil a:i errand, 'the strong wind would fan the embers which caused such destruction. _Nothin" was saved. The house was a comfortable weather-board cottage, and contained a fine lot of carpenter's tools, and is a very severe loss. No doubt, an effort will be made to render Mr. and Mrs. Kevs every assistance. Much sympathy is felt for tlie-m.

FIKE INQL'ESTS. An enquiry was held on the 2.Srd Oct. at the Criterion Hotel, in Hobson-street, as to the causes which originated the lire which consumed the premises of Mr. John_ Smith in the same street. Dr. I'iiilson, the city coroner, conducted the enquiry. 1 lie jury brought in the following verdict " I hat no evidence of the origin of the said, fire doth appear to the said jurors." An inquest was held at the Criterion Hotel, Utahuhu, on Monday, the _19th October, to inquire into the jrigin of the Sre at Mrs. Walters', PapatoiUi, before 11. C. Barstow, Esq., and a respectable jury of 16.—Mr. A. Martin, foreman. After hearing the minute evidence of Mrs. \\ alters, Mrs. Ferguson, Wm. Walters, and Wm. Sutherland, the jury returned as a verdict — " That there was no evidence to shew how the fire originated." Mr. Graham was present on behalf of the Norwich Union Insurance Companj*. Detective Jeffrey was also present ou the part of the police, and watched the proceedings with great care. Mr. Vfiii. Walters swore that the lire originated in the wash-house. The insurances were as follow : '1 he property, in the Norwich Union for £000, in the New Zealand for £000 ; and the furniture, in the New Zealand for €200. Mrs. \\ altera values her loss at £ISOO.

Ar. inquest was held on the 20th October, at th>. Howick Court-liouse, hi regard to the fire, which occurred oil the 30th of last mouth, and "which destroyed the house of Mr. Felix Monaglian. Several witnesses were examined;, and after a short deliberation, the jury returned a verdicb to the effect that "the lionse was wilfully set on lire by some person, to the jury unknown." The place was insured for £100 in the New Zealand Insurance Company's olliee.

INQUESTS, ACCIDENTS, AND OFFENCES. A young man named Francis Keegan, vhose parents live at I'ukekohe, was k-led on the Waikato railway on the eve- ! .g of the 24th September, lie was it •a • riears employed on the line, and a train of ballast waggons having been unladen about half-past 5 p.m.. according to custom tl..e men jumped up to return with t) e waggons. The deceased got up in the fi .arth one. He commenced throwing stones at a dog on the bank, and it is conjectured that in doing so he overbalanced himseli and fell down between the waggons, throwing one off the line, while the remainder passed over his body, breaking both of his legs and arms and otherwise mangling his body. T'iie engine with a messenger at once proceeded for Dr. Bodell, but death had jmt an end to poor Keegan's sufferings long ere he arrived. The coroner's jury returned a verdict of " Accidental death."

A bushinan, named John Drew, who had been working for Mr. Macdonald, of the Miranda, in felling and prepai-ing mining timbers, died suddenly at the I la/.clbank Hotel, (Grahamstown) on sth Oct. Deceased had crossed the firth on previous Sunday, in company with some mates, and had been drinking heavily since at various publichouses. About C in the evening he lay •Viwn on a sofa in the parlour of tile Hazel■l-. .nk Hotel, after partaking of some rum rand milk, and slept heavily for about three hours, when the servant-girl went to awaken him. He had not taken anything to eat since his breakfast, and although not

appearing very mueh intoxicated, he was no doubt suffering from the effects of his drinking habits. When awoke by the girl he appeared quite conscious, but fell back almost immediately afterwards and expired. The coroner's jury returned a verdict of " Death from natural causes."

An accident, which was fatal in its consequences, occurred recently in the district of Maungakaramea. Mr. H. Wright, a steady, promising young man, youngest sou of Mr. George Wright, was felling bush 011 liis father's farm, and from some unaccountable mischance, was thrown flat on his back, the fall inflicting such frightful injury to the upper portion of the vertebra as to deprive all parts of the body below the injury of sensation. Dr. Sissons attended, and did all that medical skill could do in such a hopeless case. Tiie unfortunate man lingered from the 1 Gth, to Tuesday, the 22nd September, when death closed his eyes. On 2Sth Sept., Dr. Harsant, the Coroner for Raglan, held an inquest iu the Royal Hotel, on the body of Mr. Henry limes Falwasser, who was found lying dead on the beach. From the evidence it appeared that Mi'. Falwasser for years past had been subject to epileptic fits ; that 011 the 20tli Sept., whilst walking oil thebeaeli, he must have been seized with one, fallen into the water, aiul before his position was discovered, life was quite extinct. The body was carried to Mrs. Graham's hotel, when Dr. Harsant, who was speedily 011 the spot, used every means to restore animation, although from the first he

pronounced it to be useless. Mr. Falwasser leaves a wife and six children to deplore their loss.

The body of William Williams, a carpenter, who was reported as drowned in the Wairoa river about a month ago, has not been recovered. We regret to learn that Mr. Cole, storekeeper at Mangapai, was killed 011 Sept. 2G, by the upsetting of his dray, 111 which at the time he was seated. Mr. Cole was ail old and much respected settler, having been a resident in the province for a period of 12 years. A serious accidcnt happened 011 29th Sept., to a lad named .Peter Ferguson, 011 Gore-street jetty, whereby he received a compound fracture of the leg through a pile of timber stacked 011 the wharf being blown over by the force of the wind. We are glad to learn that the steeplechase rider John Thorpe is recovering from the injuries received at the late steeplechase meeting. In the course of a month, if all goes well with him, he expects to be again in the saddle, and ready for more crosscountrv exercise.

OBITUAK Y. Many of our readers (says tlic Thames A dcertiser) will learn with deep regret that the Rev. Stewart Wilson died at liis residence, Parawai, oil Oct. IS, after a short illness. The fie v. Mr. Wilson came to the Thames from Tarrengower (Victoria) shortly after the formation of a Baptist congregation 011 tlie field, in the early days, and preached with acceptance for several years. The rev. gentleman was in charge of a congregation at the above-mentioned place, and gave up the charge to come to New Zealand. He subsequently opened a higher-class school in Willoughby-street, Shortland, where he has taught successfully for the last three years. Mr. Wilson was an earnest preacher, and one of the most consistent and enthusiastic advocates of total abstinence 011 the Thames. As a citizen Mr. Wilson took an intelligent interest in local ati'aiis. We was highly respected by a very large number of friends, and his death will be much regretted. The immediate cause of deatii was congestion of the lungs. Mr. Wilson leaves a wife and child at the Thames to mourn his somewhat sudden and unexpected demise. The eldest son of deceased occupies an office in the Native Department in Wellington.

On Thursday (says the Coromantbl Xeu-.i of the 24th October), the friends of the late Mr. O'Neill paid their last melancholy tribute of respect to his memory. The funeral corUif left St. Column's Church a little after four o'clock, preceded by the ilev. Father O'ltc-illy, Homau Catholic pastor of the district, and the sanctuary boys, and followed by a large number of the inhabitants oil foot and 011 horseback. Messrs. John, William, and Scott O'Neill, the sons of the deceased, were the chief mourners, Mr. Charles O'Neill, M.J1.1!., being absent from the colony.

MISCELLANEOUS. In his report to the Poverty Bay Petroleum Company, the new manager, Mr. Parsons, says :—" Doubts have been expressed in my hearing that yon will be unable to produce retined oil as cheaply as in America. These may lie at once dismissed. Wages hero are lower than at the oil region of Pennsylvania : the country through which you would bring the oil, either by tramway or pipe, offers every facility ; and I have no hesitation in saying that there is no reason why it should not be sold in a retined state, at the port of Gisbome, as cheaply as it is sold in the United States." —— The first shipment of this season's wool was made recently by the Countess of lvintore, for London. The parcel consisted of fifty-one bales, and was shipped by Messrs. J. Osborne and Co. It arrived during last week from the East Coast, by the schooner Eliie Meikle, having been sent down by a native grower from Poverty Bay. A jJortion of the shipment was oiiened here for examination, and was found to be mo3t honestly packed, and a very good sample. The announcement in the GaztlO: of the 17th ult., that the Government had succeeded in arranging for leases of various tracts of land, amounting to nearly a million acres, and others, the areas of which were not given, all situated in the North Island, is of a very satisfactory nature (saj-s the Thnes). These leases are current for from twenty to thirty years, and it is very well understood that in all human probability the purchase of the estates in fee simiile will follow. Indeed this is the prospective advantage that attaches to a lease of native territory. Dr. Bergen, the Swedish Government naturalist, a gentleman whose professional icoutation in. Europe is exceedingly high, has been paying a visit to the Northern districts in furtherance of the object of his mission. Dr. Hector has been visiting Whangaroa, Kawakawa, and Ohaeawai, in connection with the business of his department. He was accompanied by Thos. !>, Gillies, Esq. Tolegrapliic work is being pushed on at Russell, and the line is expected to be in use before the end of next March. This will be one of the most useful, and we believe, the best paying lines in the province. Upwards of GO men arrived at Ngaruawahia from the lower section of the Waikato Kailway lately; says the Waikato Times. There are now in all some 'JO men working on. the section of the line between Ngaruawahia and Oliaupo, which is being pushed forward vigorously by a most efficient body of pickcd men, who are worthy of the designation of navvies. Captriu Howe's detachment will shortly bo engaged on works at Taupiri connected with the ballasting of the line. The permanent way is nearly formed between Ngaruawahia and Kangiriri, consisting of about 20 miles, and the workmen will shortly be removed oi maaxe and told off in parties to work on that section between Ngaruawahia and Oliaupo.

Co! out 1 Moulc goes home in February on a year's leave of absence. Colonel Lyon succeeds as Acting Commissioner of Armed Constabulary, and will also probably command the colonial firing this year. Tlie I'iako Swamp Company, says ths Waikato Times, is proceeding vigorously with the draining of the Piako country. Notwithstanding tlie unfavourable season thcy liave had to contend against, and the quality of the labour at their disposal, they have cl onewonders. Eighteen miles of drains are already cut, and thirty more are levelled ready

to let by contract Fifty more miles are in course of preparation for contract. Large additions have been made from recent arrivals to the number employed ; the men thus obtained, however, are for the most part quite unfitted for the work ; having been drawn principally from the large manufacturing towns.

The result of the case in the Resident Magistrate's Court, Maketu, against Wilson, publican, of Rotorua, for supplying liquor to a drunken man, who was afterwards scalded to death 111 the boiliug springs at liotorua. was a line ; the expenses amounted to £3G.

Wo regret to learn that quite a third of the young cattle in this province have died during the year. One farmer at Mangarei lost over a hundred, and another whose name has been mentioned to us has lost thirteen head, the whole of his young cattle. A disease something like, if not influenza, we arc informed has been very prevalent among them, and has proved fatal in many cases. Feed has been very scarce during the winter, and the spring season is proving a very unfavourable one.

Another immigrant ship has arrived from London, with over two hundred immigrants on board, with the usual good fortune enjoyed by the vessels bound to this port. The Zcalandja lias had 110 sickness amongst her people during the passage, and the healthy appearance and jovial countenances of her passengers as they peered over the vessel's side, fully testified to the good treatment received 011 tliejvoyage. We lind, from returns just published in the yeic Zealand t.'iizc/tc, that the number of telegrams forwarded in the colony for the quarter ended Juno 30tli, 187-1, was 209,147, as against 154,317 for the corresponding quarter of 1573; shewing an increase of 54,530. The increase in the value of telegrams was 12003 9s.

According to evidence recently given before the Colonial Industries Committee, it was shewn that steel rails could be made in New Zealand for Co per ton less than those imported; this on (10,000 tons, the quantity required for the authorised railways, would, upon importation, it is stated, have saved us £300,000, besides giving a superior article, and establishing iron manufacture in the colon v."

Tile Li/llelten 'J'tmra says that the eminent colonial barrister who is to travel the Road Board districts is understood to be Mr. Travel's, late of Christchurch, "and reported to be the coming Attorney-General.'' Mr. Friend has forwarded us samples of the coal and iron obtained form Miranda, in reference to which we published the prospectus of a company about to be formed.

We are informed in a communication from the East Coast that the oil springs there are likely to be rented for the purposes of their production at no distant day ; but whether this is to be ett'eetcd by a company or by private enterprise is yet problematical. Both the natives who own these sources of wealth and the Government are solicitous that they should be utilised as soon as possible. What is to be done with the coal deposits on the Coast is a question the residents of those parts would also like to have answered if possible.

New Zealand's export of timber, to the amount of i' 44,390, is balanced, or rather overbalanced, by imports valued at £70,350, so that New Zealand, with all its vast forests, is carrying on a timber trade at an annual loss of £'20,000. What will it be in twenty years' time ?

Black swans have taken up their quarters at Kotorua Lake, i.'ose to the Ohincmutu settlement. The Chiefs have issued noticcs cautioning natives and Europeans against touching them under a penalty of Impounds. Recently fifteen allotments of land between Fort-street and Customhouse-street were leased by the Auckland Harbour Board at an aggregate annual rental of one thousand and eight pounds ten shillings, which, allowing seven per cent, for money extending over eighty-tour years, the term to which the leases run would yield an average of £S0 pelfoot, a larger figure, we believe, than has heretofore been realised in this or any other province of the colony. The ground was bought b}' the present occupiers, and valuable as it may be looked upon at present, is still more so in prospective, owing to its close proximity to the railway as well as to the shipping entering and leaving our port. The Act for the abolition of imprisonment for debt lias become law. The title of Act however, is rather a misnomer, and dishonest people, who think that they will be permitted to swindle too confiding creditors without any danger of sufl'eriug for it by deprivation' of personal liberty, will find themselves rather mistaken. The Act does not abolish imprisonment for debt absolutely. It merely protects the honest debtor, whose liabilities have been honestly incurred, from being lodged in gaol at the will of any of his creditors. The dishonest debtor, whose liabilities are the result of other causes than misfortune, will still be liable to imprisonment. Mere inability to pay will j cease to be regarded and treated as a crime, /while fraudulent indebtedness will be justly ['punished.

The time of execution of the condemned man, Charles Dyer, has been lixed at eight o'clock to-morrow morning. The intelligence of his approaching doom was conveyed to Dyer by the Sheriff on the 20th October, but he exhibited 110 signs of emotion, and was apparently indifferent as to his fate, having evidently anticipated the worst. The Uev. Mr. Cornford has been unremitting in his attentions and ministrations to the culprit during the brief remainder of liis existence, and Dyer has expressed his gratitude for the kindness shewn. He has been visited once by his family since his condemnation, the painful scenc was described as haiftng been distressing in the extreme. The family have now returned to Pakiri, and it is unlikely there will be a repetition of the affecting spectacle. Dyer has as yet made no confession or admission of his guilt.

The Hon. Mr. Reynolds, Commissioner of Customs, accompanied by Mr. Seed, the comptroller, paid a visit recently to Kohimarama. Their object was to inspect the school buildings formerly used Ijy the Melanesian Mission, also the old mission schooner •Southern Cross, with a view to ascertain their adaptability as a training ship and station, an institution very much needed here, and for the establishment of which .C2UOO has been voted by Parliament.

The Waikato settlers have every right to complain in no measured terms of the shabby treatment they have received at the bauds of those who have had the direction of Mr. Holioway's movements, says the Waikulo Times. He has been rushed into the district, and rushed out of it again ; he arrived oil Thursday night, and left; a little after daylight oil Monday morning. He lost none of the time at his disposal, in fact, did not reach Ngauuawahia till nearly eleven o'clock on Sunday night. He had time to cursorily glance at the inhabited portion of the district only, to use his own language— " The best has been reserved till the lust." He was taken to the north of Auckland, •where the worst specimens of land in the whole province arc situated, and of which lie could not fail to report unfavorably. The Waikato, Poverty Bay, and the other settlements 011 tile East Coast, all of which would have well repaid a visit, have never been added to his programme. The proceedings of the Government in this matter has given room for the assertion that they care not what comes of the North if they can only foster the South, the division of the colony which, if the celebrated resolutions are acted upon, will legislate for and dictate to the rest of tlie colony. Auckland has been very shabbily treated, but we trust that the natural good sense of Mr. Holloway will enable him to see clearly through the shallow trick. It is to be i hoped that our member will, if for this ocI casion only, break a lance in defence of the j district he represents and in which he resides.

AUCKLAND INSTITUTE. . . . . The ordinary monthly meeting of the members of the Auckland Institute took place on Oct. 2G, Sir G. A. Arney (President) in the chair.—About fifteen members were present. Daxais Berenice and Gerygonf. Flaviye.ntkis.—Mr. T. B. Gillies presented specimens of danais berenice, a very beautiful species of butterfly, which had been taken at Hokianga in February last. Similar specimens had been taken at Whangarei two years ago, and one had been at about the same time observed in his garden.—Mr. Gillies also presented the Institute with a nest and eggs of the gerygonc fiaviventris, wliieh lie had found pending to a twig of a manuka tree, 011 the roatl to Russell, and read some notes thereon to the meeting.

Dr. Pt'iicitAs's Pal'F.k.—Dr. Purclias,. in consequence of having received an urgent call to Mongonui, was prevented from reading to the Society the promised paper on " ttie best locality for placing the shore-end of tho Australian and New Zealand submarine cubic."

FoitEST Cui.tl-ke.—Mr. J. C. Firth read a paper upon the above subject. The subject was one which he regarded as of great importance to the country at large. The forests had been destroyed as if they were enemies to be extirpated as quickly as the feeble strength of their enemies would permit. Their destruction was a disregard of natural • laws. To strip a semi-tropical country of timber was to make it a desert. The glory of many an ancient empire had departed with its forests. The ruin and degradation of I'ersia and Spain had been intensified by the destruction of their forests. The attention of the Australian colonies had been directed to the conservation and preservation of the forests, and that not one moment too soon. Mr. Vogelhad, in his Forest Bill, undertaken a truly national work, and deserved the thanks of the community for it. lie (Mr. Firth) had, in the year 18GS, pointed out that- the treeless plains of the Waikato, if clcm-utl <'f their fel'll, WOuUL be Subject to evaporation, droughts, floods, aud frosts, with a great increase in insect life, and that steps should be taken to form plantations, lie had distributed seeds, and had carricd out to a small extent his views. A most reckless and wanton destruction of our forests had taken place, at a ratio constantly increasing. Fire had been one agent of destruction, against which he considered stringent measures should be taken. Unquestionably the Government ought not to sell for cultivation any forest lands, and forest lands in the hands of the natives should be secured. Efforts should also be made to secure laud, the largo timber of which had been cut, and then these forests should be closed and seen red from damage by lire or cattle. The singular shrinking both, longitudinally and latitudinally of kauri timber was, he considered, doubtless caused by its being felled at all seasons of the year. Its brittleness and premature decay was also duo to the same cause. From long observation, lie was satisfied that there were only two seasons of the year in which kauris, or any of the trees of the North Island should bG felled, ill order to prevent contraction and secure durability, and of these months, July and August, the latter mouth was the best. As it would not be practicable to cut the whole of the timber required during those months, he would suggest that they should be ringed during that time and felled when required. Experience had taught him that native trees might be successfully grown, providing shade and moisture were artificially provided. The paper was lengthy, and the subject was treated of exhaustively. The summary of suggestions contained therein were as follow: That the reckless destruction of forests must be put an end to. The Government, first, to sell Hoforestlaud ; aiulseeond, to acquire and close all denuded forest lands, and close them so a" to give, nature an opportunity of repairing damages ; third, to acquire all virgin forests, and close them for the present, leaving the supply of timber to the present saw-mill owners, their rights to be respected; fourth, to plant, as extensively and as soon as possible, large tracts with trees of the great natural orders cucalipti and conifera. — Mr. Hay made a number of observations as to the elassof trees it would be most advisable to plant and the mode of planting them. —Mr. T. .B. (lillics did not coincide with the opinions and statements set forth in the paper. It seemed to him that the question was one amongst others which it would be well to consider in its commereiul nwport mthcr than its political. It was one of those things, tholcss the (lovernment had to do with it, and the i more the common-sense and practical management of the people had to do with it, the 'better. Une of the things which had been said, and he thought wrongly insisted upon, was the enormous destruction of the forests. It was very easy taking individual instances of destruction by fire and felling to infer that it was so. At one time the bushmen just went into the forest and cut a tree where they wanted it; but now systematic labour was engaged in the "work, and all trees suitable for the purpose were taken ; and not only were they utilising the trunks, but many of the large branches, splitting up what they could not make into boards and scantling into shingles. After numerous observations, which we have not space to reproduce, he concluded by saying that he did not think it would be wise for tliem to encourage the idea that the Government should acquire existing forests or even forests partially cut by sawmill owners, for the purpose of creating forests. Let them acquire open land and plant there judiciously, and there they would do good ; but if they attempted to acquire other lands they would do as private individuals would if they did so —commit a failure.

■ After ;i few remarks from the President, in which lie especially requested those who had hitherto been contributors to the information and instruction, to employ the recess iu the study of subjects and the preparation of papers.