The New Zealander.

New Zealander, Volume 4, Issue 301, 18 April 1849, Page 2

The New Zealander.

He just arnl fear not: Let all the ends them ainis't at, be thy Country's, Thy Hod's, and Truth's.

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18, 1849.

The " Ennerdale," from London the 25th and the Downs the 29th of December, arrived in port, yesterday afternoon— after a fine passage of one hundred and nine days. The intelligence conveyed by her, even in these startling times, is startling. The Emperor of Austria has abdicated. The Pope has been compelled to fly from Rome. The King of Prussia has resumed his authority. Louis Napoleon has been elected President of France. And, still, amidst the crash of Empire, the downfall of Papacy, and the nascent throes of Republicism, Old England continues her free and untroubled career. We regret to say there is no change of Ministry. Let us bestow a rapid and a passing glance at each of these mighty events. The Emperor a weak, obstinate, fatuous man appears to have sunk in an emergency for which he was pitilessly unequal. By craft, and tact, and a skilful "biding his time," his Prussian Majesty has been able to overthrow his own reforms, and to perjure himself with a facility only permissible to " one who can do no wrong!" — and but to be endured until another and a more determined outbreak shall send him packing, minus a crown, to that convenient refuge of the destitute dethroned — England.

As for the Holy Pontiff—" Oh what a falling off was there," in one, so late a man oi worship in every mouth. Fancy him c utting from the Quirinal Palace with spruce jazy, false moustache and menial livery ! And to what a haven to direct his fugitive steps ! To the " base, bloody, and brutal" king of Naples ! The temporal power of the Pope is confidentlyaffirmed to be at an end. The name of Napoleon has proved to be a spell to conjure French sympathies withal.— The election of Prince Louis resembles a triumphal fete. It has been accomplished by an immense majority, and what is of infinitely more moment, in a spirit of unexampled propriety and moderation. " Notwithstanding the direst forebodings,"— writes the Daily News,—" France has reason for congratulation on its people having performed so important a function without anarchy or licentiousness, or serious civil troubles-— Indeed, this presidential election, instead of having excited or aggravated fiercer passions and collisions, seems, on the contrary, to have allayed them. We hear of no appeal to arms, no dire and extreme determination of a minority not to submit to the majority. The red republic seems not bent, as was supposed, on resuscitating the barricades. The moderate depublicans, who supported Cavaignac, have too great a respect for the law to infringe it.— Whilst, as the chief claim of the Bounapartists is to moderation, they cannot but act up to their professions, and acquiesce should the popular vote go against them. This presidential election, indeed, seems likely to turn out in result the direct contrary of what each party feared and wished. The monarchists have long looked to it as the great act which was to kill and solemnly inter the republic. Nay, they are said to have selected Prince Louis Bonaparte as the fittest personage j to be the executioner and undertaker on the occasion. Prince Louis will, however, probably have perceived that although intrusted with the task of slaying the republic, it was not for him that the eventual enjoyment of the spoil was } reserved. Nor can he be without the sense to perceive that his hold of power and possession, of influence are much more likely to be secure as identified with the republic, than in any attempts to assume the place and pretensions of dynasties, which vainly struggled to take root in a republicanly organised social system. If I the hopes of the monarchists are likely to be disappointed, the fears of the republicans may be much lessened or removed by the same consideration. Taking General Cavaignac to be the representative of the republican principle, both it and he are, perhaps, stronger by his not winning this election, than by his being installed in the presidential chair. Were the Bounaparte set aside, that mystic and ideal prestige which attaches to the name, would augment and embarrass any other president." Steam communication with Australia had been determined, but the time when (although speedily)^ not definitely arranged. The Morning Herald speaks of the contract as on the eve of completion. The 64th and 83rd Regiments were under orders for Bombay, and the 70th for Calcutta. Lord Melbourne died at Brocket Hall on the 24th of November, in the 70th year of his age. Mr. Charles Bnller, a gentleman long associated with Australian affairs, is no more. He died in his forty- third year, some twenty of which he sat in Parliament. Letters and papers from hence and Wellington by H. M. Ship « Calliope" had been received in England by the latter end of November. They were forwarded from Rio by the steamer "Sampson." In the « Weekly Times" of the 17th December we find the following announcement — On Monday, the Colonial Land and Emigration I Commissioners appointed a vessel for the conveyance of 200 militry emigrants, out-pensioners of Chchea Hospital, their wives and families, to Auckland, in New Zealand. The men will embark at Gravesecd on the 12th; of February next, under the command of an officer. On lauding in the c.lony they will receive a grant of land, and, in additiou to their pension, & stipulated daily sum for such time as government retains their services. The Reverend Baptist Noel has seceded from, the communion of the Episcopal Church. Cholera was on the decline; and the tranquility of Ireland in a more hopeful state. The " En nerdale" brings about sixteen passengers, amongst whom are the Head Master for the Wesleyan College, and a trained tutor for the Native Institution at the Three Kingr. In latitude 32° 12' south, longitude 27' 30' west, she spoke the " John Bentley," from London to Calcutta, out eight and thirty days. An awful catastrophe had occurred on board the steamer "Londonderry," on her passage from Sligo to Liverpool. Having experienced a hurricane, the hapless passengers appear to have been battened down, by which means seventy-three men, women, and children were miserably smothered. From the late hour at which we received the means of collation, we must defer further comments* and all our extracts until our next.

We have arrivals from Port Nicholson, with intelligence to the 7th instant, by the " Lallah Rookh," and " Munford." The former vessel was signalled throughout Monday, but, during that night, (having, as we are informed, declined the services of the pilot) in working,

round the ample fairway of the North Head, in the dark, she took the ground. Fortunately the weather was moderate, the water placid, and so, has since continued; and, as our cargo "boats have gone down to lighten her, we believe she is likely to be hove off the sand spit without any very serious damage. It would he well for ships, secure and accessible as our harbour is, were pilotage compulsory here, the same as it is in the safe and easy waters of Sydney and Hobart Town. There is nothing of importance stirring at the South, save the spirit of honest and indignant opposition elicited by the Grey felonry project. H. M. Ship " Ely " arrived on the sth, and was to sail in a few days for Nelson and Sydney. We shall give an extract or two from the local Journals in our Saturday's issue.

The Mother Country teems, just now, with emigration systems. Plans are plentiful and plausible, and many of them, much more feasible than the generality of devices begot by a national appetite for any particular .speculation after which a people hungeis. We are no admhers of the common run of British emigration schemes, because they are, generally, so unsuited to the wants of those they pretend a desire to benefit, — so selfishly adapted to suit the views of their promoters, — and so studiously directed to the shovelling away the masses of parish infamy and indolence, that nothing short of the inherent vigour of colonial adolescence — the insatiate colonial craving after man and muscle, could bear up under such inordinate infliction. Fortunately, Emigration has become a question to be considered — a boon to be desired. The home projectors have, therefore, found it imperative to take colonial counsel, and to square their theoretical ideas by the guidance of practical understanding. The Colonization Society have enlisted several competent expositors of the way in which to advance the mighty work they have undertaken. They have shown theii wisdom in so doing ; for the hire of an intelligent and practical corps of assistants will be speedily compensated by the energy, the authenticity, the vitality which such men can and must impart to a body which may ultimately countercheck the Colonial Office — achieving as much good, as that imperious pest has effected wrong, to the empire. Among modern emigration-projectors, the Venerable Archdeacon Sinclair, of Kensington, has entered the field, in advocacy of Juvenile | Emigration, assisted by Colonial Schools of Industry. The reverend gentlemen's plan has been laid before the public in the Government Gazette of the 1 4th instant. Whether we regard that plan as a measuie of political expediency, parish economy, or colonial advantage, we cannot but concur in appioving its honest philanthropy, its practical humanity, and the rational hope it holds forth of accomplishing the aims it has in view. Archdeacon Sinclair's plan may be thus lmefly defined. Any colony, favourable to its adoption, to establish a School of Industry for the reception and maintenance of boys and girls, from their eleventh and twelfth to their fourteenth years. Those schools to impart a religious and moral training ; and, being endowed with three or four hundred acres of land, to instruct the scholars in all the duties calculated to render them available servants in the various departments of hnsbandry. The passages of those emigrants to be defrayed by the Imperial Treasury, and their outfit and sustenance for two years to be at the cost of the Parish Workhouse or Pauper Union. The advantages of this liberal scheme are, to our apprehension, as self-evident as they appear to be to that of their humane projector. At such an age the minds of the children will be uncontaminated.and their removal to an establishment fraught with so much after colonial benefit must give them a superiority infinitely greater than any to be obtained by the importation of Ragged School urchins, Irish orphans, or others at a more advanced and more equivocal period of life, and unfitted by any course of colonial instruction to compete with the cleves of these Industrial Institutions. In the Pauper Schools of England, we have it in too constant and too unhappy evidence, that no permanent good is acquried. Ruinous redundance in every, even the most abject of callings drives the boys to become thieves, the girls to become street walkers. Not so in the Colonies, where, a trade once taught, the means of following it with credit and with profit is as certain to the pupil, as it must be gratifying to the instructor. In all emigration schemes it were well if the sound sense of the following paragraph were kept stedfastly in view. It would save a world of misery, disgust, and f discontent. " To the Colony the advantage (of the scheme proposed) is obvious of being abundantly supplied with eligible emigrants : not convicts, nor prostitutes, nor decayed gentlemen and ladies, nor clerks, musicians, artists, or shopmen, no /unreclaimed juvenile offenders, veterans in mit quity ; but boys and girls who have spent at least two years in the Colony, under a system of training designed to make them active, intelligent, and honest servants as well as faithful ■Christians." The venerable projector recommends a school capable of accommodating twelve hundred children, six hundred of either sex, the goings out to be kept up by drafts from home, The

schools, the Archdeacon inclines to think, might speedily be rendered self-supporting. We ourselves see nothing whatever to prevent them. Indeed, with a Colonial experience of some two and twenty years, we have met with no plan of emigration, at once so simple, so reasonable, and so practicable, as that which does honour to the head and the heart of John Sinclair, and to which, we ttust, New Zealand will be among the fiist of Colonies earnestly and energetically to respond.

Since the stream of emigration has set in so strongly to the ports of the neighbouring colonies, our attention has been frequently attracted, and our indignation keenly excited by the details, given in the local journals, of numberless petty tyrannies, unmanly oppressions, and inhuman neglects to which the poor but honest emigrants have been subjected during their long and irksome passage. The proceedings of a public meeting of the passengers of the " Thomas Lawry," published in that independent and able journal, the Adelaide Observer, showed the extent to which a skipper " drest in a little brief authority," will dare to push his passing sway. The sentence of a Sydney Court of Justice on the mate of the " Inchinnan," for assault upon an Irish orphan emigrant girl ; and the voluntary exposure of himself by the Surgeon Superintendent of that ship, Mr. Wilson Ramsay, in his discreditable controversy with the Sydney Morning Herald, demonstrate the very gieat caie that should be taken, in England, in the selection of ships and officers, since the outrages of such fellows become not 11 merely individual, but national and colonial wrongs — wrongs which it is not only the duty of the tribunals to punish, but the peculiar province and privilege of every honest journalist, to publish and expose. We would fain see these ruffians of the deep held up to the odium and the execration they deserve, since, to pass their merits unrecorded, is to suffer them again to come m competition with the deserving — perhaps to subject future victims to their tender regards. There is no way moie likely to bring these gentry to thenbearings, than to paiade their conduct through every locaJ journal, and to accompany such exposure with the animadversions the case may require. By such a course, the notices may double Cape Horn, and command attention at the fountain head : — for no ship owner will retain a proclaimed bear in his employ when his interests aie thereby sure to suffer. Acting upon this impiession, we transfer from the Adelaide Observer of the 10th of February, the following repoit of an inquest held upon the body of a female passenger by the "Tiafalgar." We leave comment for otheis, merely expressing our regret that the Christian name of the surgeon, stigmatized by the jury with such a rider to their verdict, should not have been made known, There are three surgeons of the navy named Tweedale, John, 1807— James, M. D., 1811— and John Dunbar, 1843. Two of these gentlemen thus incur an odium which it is clear is utterly undeserved, and which may be ignorantly attubuted to them. On the same d;iy there was a long and important investigation at Port Adelaide, in the house of Edward Woodroofe, touching thedtath oi Miry Ann Lawson, a married woman, who arrived by the» Tiafalgar, Her husband, James L^wson, labourer, stated that during the voyage the decea<ed caught cold, in consequence of' the water coming into their berth, No notice was taken of his complaint on the subject, andhii wifecontinned ailing. On several occasions she was refused the U'Ual me 'ical comforts required by persons in her condition, under the pretext that theie were none on board, while, at the same time, they were being served out to other emigi ants. At times, porter and other matters were given to her when she applied for gruel , aud at an advanced period of her pregnancy, she complained to witness that the doctor told her she ought to be kept on bread and water, because she said §he could not eat soup bouilli. She was confined on board after the vessel arrived, and wished witness to accept of an offer of employment without her, as she feared he might not get other work. He (witnesi) went to his master, Mr. Halden, on Monday lait, leaving deceased the last five -pence he had in the world. His wife had constantly complained that she was not well treated on board the ship, and he (witness) wai of opinion that she was not in a fit state to be removed. — Cutherine Elliott, wife of a labourer at Port Ade* laide, stated that, on the 12nd instant, the deceased came to her house as a lodger, and engaged witnes* to wait on her. During the day the deceased's little boy told her there were flics on her face She sprang up apparently in great alarm, forced witness away from the door, and ran to the water side. Her little boy went with her. Witness obierved her falling down, and ran to the Trafalgar for the doctor. He said he could not do anything for her ; hut advised her to go to the doctor of the Rajah. He also recommended the boatswain to accompany witness, and tie down deceased with a handkerchief. The boatswain said the doctor had better go and see the woman. He then said he would do so ; the witness returned, but found that the deceased had been removed into the house of Edward Woodroofei water can ier. who itated that he saw the deceased lying in the street delirious, and apparently dying. He caused her to be removed into his house, and sent for the doctor of the Trafalgar. The doctor of the Rajah attended immediately, and before Dr. Tweedale, who came and soon afterwards went out, saying he would return, but he did not. •< We all," said the witness, " thought it strange that the surgeon of the ship the woman came out in ghould £0 and leave her to the care of a stranger and she dying." Dr. Day remained attending the woman until she died, and afterwardi accompanied witness to Captain Lipson's to icport the case.— -John Day, surgeon of the llajah, said be found the deceased at the house of the lait witness, in a state of utter prostration. Her extiemities were cold, and her pulsation iuipiereptihle. She was al>o insensible. Witness sent for Dr Tweedale, as the womim was a patient of his. On that gentleman's arrival, he appioved of the m.mnor witness wai treating the cago, and agreed ffiih lain that it was a hopeless

one. lie remained for about twenty minutes, and then went away. Witness had been called to see the wo- | man on the Tuesday before, in the absence of Dr. | Tweedale. Sbe was then on board the Trafalgar, was greatly emaciated, and appeared to be in a state bordering on mania. Dr. Tweedale had told witness that her mind was in a v«ry peculiar state during the voyage. From what witness had seen of the deceased, he could not account for hrr death. — Dr. Tweedale, R.N., | Surgeon and Superintendent of the Trafalgar, stated th.it sea sickness h»d left the dereased in a state of extreme debility ; after ivlrcli she had attacks of bilious cholic, peritoneal imflimation and diarrheci. Every medical attention was paid to deceased, and she was supplied, when necessary, with wine, beer, porter, &c, &c— but she could keep very little on her stomach. She was supplied with gruel and preserved meats up to tho arrival of fresh provisions on board. He (wit nes ) recommended her to so on shore to be confined as a probible means of extending her life which he thought it impossible t> pieserve. She was, however, confined on boird the ship on the 27th Jinuary, and did well until the following Tuesday, when she was seized with one of her epismodic attacks; and as no nurse could be got, to attend her on board, she was sent on shore, witness guaranteeing the payment of the expense of her lodging and attendance. He (witness) believe! the imnipdiale cause ot death wai excitement, consequent on her husband's absence, acting upon a debilitated frame, which induced her to leive the house for the rmrpnso cf self destruction ; and that the heal of the sun affected her head, causing congestion of the brain, of which she died. Her name wag included in the list of the sick handed to the Emigration Agent.— One of the emigrants, a married woman, stated that " the doctor's treatment of them was anything but what it should be." The jury returned a verdict of " Natural death ;" but accompanied it with the opinion " that the conduct of the surgeon of the barque Trafalgar towirds the deceased (as it appears by tne evidence) during the voyage was neither hu - mane nor creditable to him." — Adduide Observer, Fcb 10.

Stock Sale. —Yesteiday Mr. Ilyam Joseph disposed of the stock by the "Inchinnan." The cattle went off in a spirited manner at from £3 ss. to £3 10s. per head. The sheep and horses will be brought to the hammer this day.

The report of the proceeding! on the Annual Licensing Day will be found below. It is matter of us much srlisfaction to us, as we are sure it will be to the public generally, that froii out the host of up. pliranfs but two additional purveyors of " the bottle " have been let loose upon the public. The rule of conduct laid down by certain of the Justice!, will, we trust, met it their own approval, and bear thvir calm and patient self examination. But from such doctrine as the taking of names in the ktnp and pranliug licenses iud scriroinately,— or for looking more to the convenience afforded by the houses than impre«sed with n due cue of the public peace and safety, we must most emphatically dissent, indeed we repaid the advancing of such a line of conduct as little better than a flajjiant dereliction from a public duty. IIo» nour to those citizens who honestly pointed out public nuisinceq, and manfully (ay, and successfully) memorialized against tlu-m, — and d -üble honour to those magistrates who, by their unbending integrity, ic-'uixd " to make a complete Pdndeinoniutn of Auckland," by yielding their B»>nctiou to an unnecessaiy increase of put-house übomin itions. Long may they sit to mete out Ju-tice tempered with mercy s»uch as that.