Nelson Evening Mail SATURDAY, AUGUST 20, 1910. THE TELEPHONE.

Nelson Evening Mail, Volume XLV, Issue XLV, 20 August 1910, Page 4

Nelson Evening Mail SATURDAY, AUGUST 20, 1910. THE TELEPHONE.

'I'll!-: li-h-pln'iii- has I„v,iiii,. ~:rh :l nun i:'->;ijil;ii-i' n ■<■■ -.-it v t lial s. !dnm a i : "<>11l; 11L is lnrnt'il towards, it.-: imu'i ni'.'i'huilislll. ■•!■ '.lie Wnlld'Ts (if which it - : tin' sum !'l:i!. A i-:i'>li' .■! few dav.- - tin • i"\\- ihai tli,. iii\,Mi!,r <,( ill,, nlrph.m, asi-iiLu'd hms! hi' tin, i-.mplaiiiLs that hail been liiilltil ;i'_;aiii.<l th c insla Hal : ,m I'm if. as l:.-in u - linn t i I'anlly handling ~j '''!■ iiist--iijiii mi ■ n thc | ait ..I' tin. nubile. IL seems M'liiewhut. (.-.xtramiliiiarv thai tii • in\ i'iu..i i, s! ill li\ in.; am! able t, take iiili-ih-.'i'iit interest in the \;iri'.u. .•■\>ti'iii.- ••!' ili.' v.'"M. I>r i li-iihaiii lid: '.. said !" iai I \ IM tI ■ ■ m :n nf hi - n,,,,,., \cm -. I'.M-i'pt t h.' ut bile hair and 1,..■•;! ii. \vhi> h an- il'Mi il".'il hy inler\ iev. its. a:• fi-aniinv a strnii-.' lii'-cil laii'. Id- d"e Hit I'MiTc-sMi'inl t-i any pieetineoived idea •if tilt.- ki'jH fa, ed Amer:, an iiia._iiali-

vi: : has achii-vu! e- •; 1. ; ~-; 11 succe-s. Ibis a S ot li\- hiiili. and an American h\ nat i.iiialitv. '** » * » i!r- emmm n. Ed life liv l> :11-11ii:u drat :ii,iti s ;.> speak, and v. a-' naluraiiy m-i--r.-lcd in insli unniits dealinu with tin \ib,ations of tin- air caused by speech. i!i- first experiments were made with an apparatus l>y which vibrations wen t: ai:>mitti d ihmu-li a incmbi ane to a -.. flail!'', which moved up and ilmvn rapid 1\- m .sympathy with the sounds, aju! an in-li unn.il by which lly vibratinm ~;' a iniudnanc wvic cninmunicated I' a pi..'.~ bristle which scraped lines cor-i-c-ir Hiding tu the .suiinds. Un a blackenea .-iieet «'t uhiss. A cciniparis'Mi between tiie two sets of vibrations showed him tlial- the second instrument was the cinder of the two. and he resolved to perfect it. Dr Hell was struck by the ru--jmblauee between, this contrivance and the human ear. and consult*':-.! ;s distillaurist willi a view to making H'-ienec approximate still more closely lo .\atiiie. The specialist gave him tin mechanism, of the ear from the body o: some unknown person, aird from thi. ear sjii'ang the teh phone. Dr Bell hat ie. .m t.nducting e.\jn rinu.-nts with (ptit-. a different end in view the trans;iii.;s!oi ( i several teiegrapliic messages over om v.iie at tile, same time. iJe hoped to de ti,i.-. by the transmission of different mu-.-ieal toiiec-:. and with this object experi incuted willL sets of vibrating reeds ant. electro-magnets.. I!' tile re are two piano.in one room and a note is struck on one. a. corn spoiidiug wire in the other, will vibrate in sympathy. .Similarly ht found that tin: vibrations in one set (51 reeds were transmitted electrically tithe oilier set. and the note struck wa: repeated. This is the principle- of tin telephone. Just when he had simplifies. liis apparatus by reducing the number o! reeds to one. and was wondering how lu , .mid vibrate this reed in the same way as the mechanism of the ear operates, in ~n-.de experiments with the precious cai v. liich .gave him liis elite. The membrane wis the secret. All .he had to do was t< .-■•. retell a membrane of some sort, and fix tile piece of metal in the middle of it. ■Hid place the two before an clectro-may-n:.t. and lie had his telephone. Hi.two lilies of investigation united to produce a magnilicent result. Tiie instrument was invented in 1874. It was made in 1875. exhibited in Philadelphia in 1876. and its commercia. exploitation cemmeneed in 1877. Doubt as to the capacity of the human voici to produce an electrical effect, sullieient to make sounds at tiie other end of inline, caused tiie first delay. Then he found out by accident I hut there was n-. ue.'d for doubt. The crowning experiment, was made in a Hoston electrica workshop. Mr Bell was in the attii au| his assistant was in the basement. ' "Watson, do vim hear what- 1 say'.'" sail tile inventor. There was no tuiswer. but a moment later Watson was heard rushing upstairs. "'1 heard your voice." he and. ■'and could almost hear what you paid." This was the first message, am' the type of instrument still holds first, place to-day.