RUSSIA.

Lyttelton Times, Volume V, Issue 296, 1 September 1855, Page 5

RUSSIA.

(From the Correspondent of tho "Daily News."

1 Warsaw, May 1. i Our Governor General Prince Paskiewitsch j^Teft this city last night for tbe fortress of IwanoI gorod, accompanied by his aide -de-camp, Gentf ral Froloff. His departure, together with other I military movements now taking place in Poland, \ has annihilated all the hopes of peace to which the inhabitants were looking forward with so much anxiety. The appointment of the privy Councillor and Senator Pogodiu to the Commissary General of the active army—the news of which arrived here the day before yesterday from St. Petersburgh—is also considered as a fresh sign of the energetic continuance of the war. The colonel of the 2nd Infantry Corps, General Paniutine, has returned to bis lit ad quarters at Lublin; and the Privy Councillor Czertvrkin,head of the medical department of the active army, is gone to Kieleze, to make some arrangements in connection with the hospitals. The cholera is still raging, particularly in the lower part of the city, and those nearest the river; about 300 are attacked daily, and of these about a third die. Unhappy Poland! Odessa. 26th April. Within tlie last twelvemonths a great change in the outward appearance of this city is perceptible, —so much so, that persons who were here last year would scarcely know it again. Instead of the former commercial bustle and activity, tbe place is quiet and near deserted by civilians, who, in a dread of a bombardment, have mostly shut up their houses, and retired to the interior of the country, taking with them tbeir families and the most valuable part of their moveable property. Not a, single merchant ship is now to be seen in the harbor —the numerous workmen employed by the merchants in the corn warehouses are all discharged ; the counting houses are shut up, the Exchange deserted, and money at a great premium, owing- to its scarcity and the gpneral insecurity. Our merchants now spend their time in reading, instead of making money. They speak very cautiously about public affairs, but it is easy to perceive they are far from being delighted with the war, and have no confidence in the ultimate success of the Russian arms, nor do they evince any enthusiasm for the cause of the Emperor. From the number of spies about, they, however, feel and think more than they say, for tbey are looked on with suspicion, and every word that escapes them is 6ubjcct to especial examination from the numerous secret agents of the police. This is especially the case with tbe foreigners resident here, and even the consuls of neutral and friendly powers are not exempt from this system of surveillance.

State of Moscow. —A letter from Moscow of the 19lh in the Patrie says:—"The religious fanaticism of the people is more excited here than at St. Petersburg. Ihe churches are constantly filled; all the images of the celebrated saints are displayed, and after the usual services the priests address the most violent harangues to the people, who leave the churches iv a kind of frenzy against the enemies of Russia, an 1 express themselves ready to give their very last kopeck to the Czar towards the expenses of tbe war. Among the tradesmen there are two in number who are very rich, and it is in a great measure on them that the charges of the war fall most heavily. Notwithstanding the agitation which prevails, the French, however, are respected, and continue their various avocations without any hindrance ; they are even the objects of attention to which they were not before accustomed. The rich lords who visit their establishments talk with them of the French army, the Zouaves, and Chasseurs de Vincenncs, whose courage and address the Russian gazettes sometimes mention. It is said that a convoy of piisoners is on the march from Perekop to the interior, and that they will pass through this city. The nobility become every day more and more discontented ; they begin to suffer from the rigorous blockade to which Russia is subjected on all sides, and they fear a complete prohibition of exports for all the natural productions of the country, even into Germany, if

the war should become general. Wheat is a complete drug here; bread was never at so low a price as it is now; and all the warehouses are crammed to overflowing with tallow, hemp,flax, tar, and leather. The roads are literally covered with loaded vehicles, either coming into this city, or leaving it on their way to the Baltic provinces. Although the distance from this to Riga and Warsaw is very great, the merchants here prefer getting rid of these articles at a low price to allowing them to remain and spoil in the warehouses. A new outlet for merchandise has just been opened by the Vistula and the Niemen, thence the goods pass into Prussia and reach Lubeck, and thence are conveyed to Hamburg. All the pupils of the schools of cadets have been put upon active service. The most robust have entered the army, and the others will remain at the depots to instruct the recruits and give them the first rudiments of military instruction. The Emperor Nicholas was perhaps more feared in this city than loved ; but, notwithstanding tint, he is much regretted. From the boyard to tbe small tradesmen every one has put on mourning. Iv order to excite the feelings of the people, some of the nobles have requested permission to raise a monster pyramid in the middle of the Kremlin, with the cannon taken in 1812 and 1813. The monument had been already commenced, but tie Government did not think proper to let it be continued. The line of railway which unites St. Petersburgh to this city is to be shortly continued as far as Odessa.

Private letters from St. Petersburg confirm the telegraphic announcement, which appeared in the papers several days since, of the insurrection of the peasants in the Ukraine, and state further that it has already extended to the governments of Poltowa, Tcheringorff, and Kharkoff. The names of twenty landed proprietors whom the maddened mnjiks have destroyed, together with their wives and children, have reached St. Petersburg. M. Poletien, one of the richest proprietors in the government of Tchemigoff, was burnt alive in his country house at Beletz. The same severe pressure caused by the war which has driven the peasants of Little Russia to insurrection, is stated to be felt at St. Petersburg!), where every article of consumption is at famine price.