THE SOUTHERN DIFFICULTY IN AMERICA.

Hawke's Bay Herald, Volume XX, Issue 3939, 30 June 1877, Page 3

THE SOUTHERN DIFFICULTY IN AMERICA.

(From the "Pall Mall Gazette," April 7.) President Hayes lias been able to carry into effect his Southern policy with more moid and complete success than could have been anticipated from the violence of party- spirit in the United States during tile past twelve months. On Wednesday Mr Packard, the Republican claimant of governorship of Louisiana, surrenderee! the State-house at New Orleans to Mr Nicholls, his Democratic rival. This became inevitable, since the President and his Cabinet arrived at the conclusion that the Federal troops could no longer be employed to overawe public opinion in Louisiana, in the absence, at least, of any proof that civil war was really to be feared. The troops, in pursuance of the Cabinet's decision, were withdrawn from the State-house, where they had formed Mr Packard's garrison, on Tuesday at noon, and marched to barracks some miles outside the town. They arc held in readiness, we may presume, to suppress any possible disturbances of -the peace, it the two factions should come' to blows. But there is no sign of suck troubles. Mr Nicholls, the Democratic Governor, wisely restrained the exulting triumph of the whites by a proclamation impressing upon them the necessity of a cautious and peaceable behaviour. The mot cl ordre was " implicitly obeyed. Mr Packard, on the other hand, knew that it was yam to k .appeal to force since the Federal alliance > mdb eeD wrested from him. Accordingly abandoned, " under protest," the • Jf| a te oMpes in which he had entrenched himself rSte^4jr Nicholls became de facto and de jure\fr* Governor of Louisiana. As such nWiimbt he will prompt^ be recognised by RWdent Hayes, to whom the Special Co^nisnon has just presented its report. Only aV^ew of t he members of either O h » m^ er T^ T £. c Louisiana Legislature adhere to MFM^ac; kard's protest. The Lower House nol& sitting under Governor Nicholl s authority ' includes 86 members of the 120 who claim to represent the people ; in the Senate " there are only three absentees out of 36. The Government which now comes into complete possession of power has therefore a full quorum in both Houses, and the Democrats have a considerable maiority in each. It is probable, therefore, that in a few weeks local self-government in Louisiana will be as firmly established as in Georgia, or, for that matter, in Ohio and Massachusetts. In South Carolina, also, the problem which only a few days ago seemed insoluble is being rapidly solved. General Hampton's Government is recognised; the Legislature has been organised, the ne<*roes are quiet, the white population show no inclination to oppress or insult their black neighbors. After the disappearance of Mr Chamberlain and the "carpet-bag" connection, peace was established naturally and easily between the two races. The supreme necessity both . in South Carolina and Louisiana is to get the finances into some sort of order, to control the wasteful and dishonest practices that had grown up under the negro domination, and to redeem the btate credit. That this can be done has been practically shown by the example of the neighboring States which were rescued from the "carpet-bag Governments within the past five years. Georgia borders upon South Carolina, and there are no very striking differences between the two States ; but Georgia has been governed by the Democrats since 1872, while South Carolina has remained Republican. These party names do not represent the actual fact, winch is simply that in Georgia government has been m the hands of unscrupulous adventurers and icmorant dupes. The consequences are plainly to he seen. Georgian credit 1 has been raised; the public credit has been preserved ; crimes of violence are rare ; education, even among the negroes, is making way. When the Republicans were ejected from the Government of Georgia there were, it is stated, 7000 necro children in the ejementary schools, the funds of which had been plundered by the carpet-baggers; new there are more * than .eitht times as; many. In bouth Carolina' the enormous increase of the State debt and the depreciation of the State securities are nc torious. According to Mr Chamberlain, i"he public peace was in perpetual danger ; the negroes were never safe from outrage to their persons and spoliation of thtiir property. Under General Hampton's 'rule there is reason hope that the nwi ancholy contrast be- : -:n Georgia and S outh Carolina will be iterated. So, also, when we compare kansas and Louis ana, the inference is •eSistible that the f rmer State has made eady progress, wl ile the^ latter has Jlen deeper into soc ial and financial emarrassments, becau se for three years jlcansas hna been governed by Demerits and Lonisiang < by Republicans. . 'hese contiguous SfaJtes were going dowß hill side by side, wm&a, in 18^ 4 j (ienfr ' Grant, in a lucid/ moment, brougb' contest in Arkansas to an en< J abandoned Fede?/al interference Hock. LouisianJa has been pi' • - same position I*y the withf 1 Federal troops W**& the aY Packard. It is \ evident eratic leadera on * ne " ' to thej hip* HHgJ&icraey, nor ty Aty for J y vhich W used tasting = : .:, • " jf Ahv- ■ bama and " !/■■ Hampton * works b • dl business. He \v' ■ - expenditure anf i .":-."_• ~: crowds of ofiio: ■ .oerlain. Already J- ••-..- Dave been collected, A this sum has been „. ■ - ■ In New Orleans, Mr Pa. .v. large arrears due to public 3erva; . .trious classes ; but his rival, Govern,. o>ficholls, has honorably paid their arrears of salary, amounting to 30,000 dols. , to the negro policemen who were organised, to resist his own pretensions and to defend the " carpet-bag" Government. y In a few months, probably, it will be I forgotten in the Nortli that there ever was f a "'difficulty" in Louisiana or South Caro"V lina, just as it is forgotten that there was a difficulty in Arkansas and Georgia four or five years ago. The Soutli will settle down to the hard and tedious task of repairing the losses not only of the war, but of the twelve years of spoliation and misgovernment that followed. The Southern States are, on the whole, poor, and have been impoverished by their recent experiences ; but they have shown a certain recuperative power, and now that they have been relieved from external pressure they will undoubtedly begin to recover lost ground. The material results will be immediately perceptible ; the political and moral fruits are to be looked for at a more remote date, but they are equally sure to ripen. Tho Soutli will no longer be a single distuT- 1 ""'- element in American politics ; iS us character originated, first .-ation to slavery, and latelyinits iw.. o jnismto negro domination, sustained by Federal force. But the negro henceforward ceases to be a political unit, though his vote remains and will be counted upon or angled for by politicians of various views. The disappearance of ..the negro question makes#t certain that the South will in a few years be broken up into sections upon questions of tariffs, taxation, Amd the like, and probably the Union will be strengthened by alliances between Northern and Southern States upon all the ordinary issues of politics.

The West Coast Times says that the five banking institutions in Kumara are so accommodating to their constituents, or ro desirous to purchase gold, that they keep their establishments open until ten o'clock each night, with the exception of Saturday night, when they are frequently open an Wr ov two later. The miners ia this wsP^^no cause of complaint of a want of banka* "

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