AUSTRALIA'S FUTURE.

Evening Post, Volume LXXIV, Issue 25, 29 July 1907, Page 2

AUSTRALIA'S FUTURE.

A BLACK RACE EVOLVING. PROFESSOR MACMILLAN BROWN'S , VIEWS. Professor Jordan's lectures under the auspices of the Sydney University inaugurated a new era in university extension methods. Professor Macmillan Brown has come from New Zealand (says the Sydney Morning Herald) to continue the splendid work which the American scholar inaugurated in Sydney. Professor Brown is a strong personality, with very clear opinions upon scientific and historical questions, and he has a graphic power of expression which will undoubtedly enable him. to captivata his future scholastic audiences in Sydney. Some of his c-.inions or theories have a practical a.-id national application, especially when he forecnj»ts that Polynesia will never develop first-rate national importance, that a black race will evolve in Australia, and that in the long, long years to come cast and west, despite Kipling's philosophy, will unit© through the intermediary or modern progressive Japan. The professor's view was that the Polynesians came from Asia, not from America, as some scientists alleged. They, crossed over by msans of a series of mountainous islands, since sunk into the ocean, leaving the work \of coral insects to indicate their location. Polynesians at one tini-e* were a white race. For 2000 years they suffered for ,?ho want of a flow of immigiation, and tha renson being that Japan and China had not sufficiently developed in 'trade and commerce to venture, out. And it was tho non-development of these two countries that accounted for the division of mankind into east and vrest. Japan was almost the analogy of Great Britain in the Pacific, because she was situated in the temperate zone. But Japan had developed considerably durip- the last fifty years, and was likely to oecoiue tha intermediary botweon eui<t and west. Japan would tutor the east in woslorn' ideas, which would take tho sling out of her mastery of the Paci'lc. Japan wae, th© only natural breed! :g ground for sailors in the Pacific, which would always give her naval supremacy there. Japan, with her command of one half of mankind at her doors in China, India, and ths South of Asia, would always be able to make her supremacy thoroughly effective. Australia, howevev, had no need to fear Japanese aggrc\' ion. Th? recent and. past hktory of Ja>an showed that it had nave-r adopted an aggressiv-s policy. For the nest few centuries Japan would have more than enough to do for its peoplo in Korea, Manchuria, and on the Chinese coast, exploiting its vast mineral fields. By that time Australia, if wise, would ha able to defend itself against all Eastern ambition. The Pacific was going to be the arena of history, because t^o-thirds of the world would be round it in the first plaoe, and in the second pl.'ce because the largest unexploited labour quarry in tho world existed on the coast of Asia.. With western methods applied to these it would be the greatest industrial sphere of the world. Nearly all tho nations' of the earth were subconscious of tliis, as they had all tried to get ground in the Pacitic. Some had got it, like Russia and tha United States ; but it was not the Southern Pacific that would be the great arena of commerce and industry. The Northern Territory of Australia would be, some centuries hence, of enormous importance to the producers of raw material for the great Asiatic industrial centres. Hu'udreds of lines oi steamers | .w.ould go,, from Port Daywin to thcs ! tfoast' of 1 Asia. >.- It would be one of tha Jarswt States of Australia. Polynesia, being in tho tropics, could never exoel cither in commerce, industry, or dominion. No dominant race had, eycr come, , the' tropics., .Rujers.of commerce and wealth had' conic from within the temperate 4one. The Northern Territory could not be occupied by the present race of whites, the violet rays of the sun had been shown to destroy the- nerves. The violet rays were used by Finsen and others for the eradication of lupus and other diseases. If tho rays were so powerful thsy would destroy the nerve tissue. Therefore, it was not alone ths heat, 'but alpo the light, that made the white race in ths Northern Territory impossible. But there was no reason why a coloured raoe should not be evolved during, the centuries in Atistralia to occupy ths Australian tropks. First of all, the south of Australia, the temperate belt, had to be filled to overflowing. The overflow would ba directed northwards. The unfit would di» off and tho curvivors would pass on their energy to their posterity. The result would bo a coloured r.icj. This had occurred before. It was not without precedent, for thfi Sansciit speakers came from the Baltic-Black Sea region of 'Europe, and had become a coloured race in India with perfectly European faces. It was clear, therefore, that Polynesians were at one time a Luropean race, and had become r. coloured wee. Thb Professor said he was strongly in favour of a white Australia for the following reasons: — If a coloured race were introduced it would be of the low strata, and this low strata' would either be- slaves or semi slaves, who would marry the lowct type of white women. Ths result Mould fee that a criminal class would bo constantly developing. . If a coloured race were introduced it would be for the sake of tho cheapness- of its labour. Tho standard of a race did not riEo to the upper levels, but tho upper levels fell to the lower. That waa the hydrostatic law, and the result of introducing coloured races would tend to make Australia fall to the standard of comfort of tho lower race.