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Daily Southern Cross, Volume XXVI, Issue 3939, 7 April 1870, Page 3

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LUCKO. NON URO. If I have been extinguished, yet there rise A thousand beacons from the spark I bore. ] i ■. ( ! ( 1 1 < ' \ 1 : i ' \ ; i ; \ , i ( 1 ; \

- THURSDAY, APRIL 7, 1870.

Ouit contemporary, the Wellington Independent, suggests that farming arid manufacturing operations, might be more successfully carried on in this country by adopting the co-operative principle. Undoubtedly, if this principle could be applied, it would be avast improvement on the existing system, qi* rather, the want of system which prevails. The chief drawback to progress in this colony is want of labour; and in a secondary degree, the high price of money operates in the same direction. But the great problem is, how to combine these two essential elements -of material prosperity—capital and labour. In Great Britain, the longcontinued and, deadly feud between capital and labour is not settled ; but there are indications that capitalists are prepared >to make large concessions to the workmen. The advance made towards the political enfranchisement of th c masses of late, may have much to dp with these concessions,; as the diffu-.

sion of knowledge amongst the grea body of the populace, had the effect o sustaining combinations of labou against capital during the last twent; years, although contrary to statut law. The intelligent workmen kue\ that the policy of those laws was t< keep them always in a state of depen dence on the capitalist. They kney the laws were made to control thei freedom of action, and to coerce them t< employ their sole capital — their skillei | labour — for the benefit of the clasi \ who framed the laws, and by whon the laws were administered ; bu' having faith in the justice of their caus< and their own powers of endurance they succeeded, through much suffer ing, but not Avithout crime and outrage in forcing upon a reluctant Legislature the recognition of the right oi labour to combine for its own protection, just as capital had been free to combine for its own security. But, as we have said, the feud between capital and labour in Great Britain is not finally settled, although there are not wanting signs that the end is approaching. Public sentiment, however, indicates the basis of settlement. It recognises the mutual dependence of capital and labour : that is, of credit or money, and art, the equivalent of money. When this has been fully recognised, there need be little difficulty in adjusting the basis on which these two representatives of Avealth, money and skill, shall combine. Circumstances "will most frequently suggest the basis of co-operation, especially iv a transition state of society ; but for a long time to come, capita must have the best of the ai'rangement. It occupies the point of advantage. The laws, customs, and maxims of society alike give capital the advantage over labour • but wo have no hesitation in saying that those English capitalists are certain to succeed, who make the mo^i equitable arrangement with their skilled partners. In Continental Europe, during the last quarter of a century, greater progress has been made iv public instruction than was noticeable since the Chrstian era : and most of the German States make provision for technical education. The applied arts are taught in public schools; and in tho^e countries the phrase, "dignity of Übotii'/' means | what it expresses, and not nu unmeaning form as in England Jn the United States of America, and in many other countries likewise, although not so forward as Germany, technical instruction forms an essential pai t of public education ; and therefore it happens that the English system, which had for ils main object the accumulation of capital in a few hands, is breaking down The English manufacturer cannot compete much longer with the skilled artificers of the Continent ;lmd by necessity, they will bo compelled to associate skilled workmen as partners in their enterprise, and thus secure the lull benefit of hearty cooperation, instead of the stinted measure of taskwork. On the other hand, the retaliatory measures which the workmen resorted to, of fixing arbitrary rates of wages, and limiting the working hours ; — in short, of obtaining the maximum of pay for the minimum of work. mut>t likewise be abandoned. Labour aud capital should go forward, shoulder to shoulder. They may no longer be jealous of each other; nor should there be antagonism in act or sentiment. When this time arrives, there will be hope of the English people. The national faith will change from blind adoration of the Grolden Image which Manchester has set up, to a belief in human happiness aud the ultimate regeneration of our race. But how this principle ot co-opera-tion is to to be a]) | lied to such a a country as New Zealand, it is more difficult to determine than it is in an old and populous country, where all the elements of success are ready at hand. We should deeply regret if ever such a state of things should grow up in this country, as in older States, where the extremes of society meet ; — whore boundless wealth and squalid wretchedness are only separated by a fewyards of brick and mortar, and never interchange words of sympathy, or acts of kindness ; — where money is squandered with criminal prodigality, and no heed taken of the multitude of wretches undergoing the tortures of a lingering death by starvation. We sny, we should very much regret if such a state of society should ever exist in this country ; and, indeed, there is no need that it ever should. It only requiies capital and labour to approach, and understand each other. Jt further requires a comprehensive system of compulsory instruction, and the exclusion from our public schools of dogmatic sectarianism, under which all the ignorance, and crime, aud class legislation which disgrace Christendom have grown up ; — to render New Zealand as prosperous in the future, as its people would be happy and virtuous,

At the sitting in Banco yesterday, his Honor the Chief Justice gave judgment in the two cases relating to the disputes as t© the Tokatea Claim, Coroniandel. His Honor made absolute (without costs) the rule for a writ of prohibition to Mr. Warden Davy, sitting at Shortland, against proceeding to hear and determine a complaint by Brodie and party against McLeod and party ; and he dismissed (with costs) the appeal of McLeod and party, against Mr, Davy's decision in favour of Lacon and party, on an alleged en- [ croachment by McLeod. The arguments on the demurrers to the declaration on a writ of sex. fa., in The Queen v. Piniha Marutuahu and others, were resumed and concluded ; and his Honor reserved judgment. This concluded the business, until after the vacation. The monthly sederunt of the Auckland Presbytery w*s held yesterday, when a large amount of buiifteaa w*a disposed of, A re> lolution wai Adopted, expressing the regret of the P* ©sbytery at the continued ill-lioalth of the Rev. Y. Bruce, and *t the prospeot e>i hia departure, and hoping th*t he would speedily return to the sphere of hia former faithful and untiring «ervioeß. A lengthy and important discussion took place upon thB report of the Day School Committee in the course of which the principles of the Common Schools Act as regards religious education were referred to a select committee. A report appears elsewhere. , After a very eloquent lecture last night by Dr. Cowie, he informed the listeners that the Lord's Supper would be administered at 8 o'clock on the following Sunday, a.s alao at 11 o'clock of the same day,

Our Bay of Islands correspondent, whose letter will be found in .mother colunm> states that a native meeting, -it which about 4,000 persons are expected tobepiescnt, is to be held .it Hokianga towards the end of the month. The meeting is to be held in honour of the late Arama Karaka, a chief of high rank. The Garrick Club held a rehearsal yesterday afternoon, in which all the local songs and business were carefully gone over. _ A gentleman who was present speaks in high terms of the efficiency displayed by the members of the club. Although the late rains have done an immense deal of good in carrying away offensive decaying animal and vegetable matter beyond the reach of the nostrils of citizens, still all has not been accomplished that could have been desired. At present some parts of the city are abundantly supplied with bad smells. Last evening, at the lower end of Cook-street, the stench arising from some putrid animal matter was absolutely frightful. Cook-street is very thickly inhabited, and it would be well if the Inspector of Nuisances could pay it a visit occasionally. Were he to do so, we think he could not fail to find sufficient cause to bring a case or two before the Bench for settlement at the Police Couit. The provisions of the Police Act are now sufficiently stringent to meet almost any case that may arise within or even beyond the bounds of the city. We may add, for the further intorma- j tion of the Inspector, that, for some days j past, a dead dog has been lying in Highstreet, immediately behind Mr. Hardington's yards ; and a dead hoi-se was lying yesterday m a field in Upper Queen-street. During the late session of the Provincial Council, our readers will remember that a memorandum from the Inspector of Works was laid upon the table of the House, remarking upon the short supply of Avater in the city, and the difficulty of increasing the supply at anything like a moderate expenditure. Notwithstanding this, there is a most negligent waste of the public water supply in the city. Yesterday morning, about 10 o'clock, the stand-pipe at the comer of Abercrombie- and Wakefield-streets was flowing freely, and^ no one giving himself any concern about it. The whole width of the street was flooded, and a steady stream running rapidly away upon the opposite side of the thoroughfare. At the same time the stand-pipe at the corner of Rutland- and Wakefield-streets was in a similar condition, with the difference that a very much larger stream was flowing to waste. Surely some one must be held responsible for such a waste of the public water supply ; and, if not, such an arrangement cannot be too soon come to. Perhaps the police couicl be permitted to bake a patrol occasionally around the districts where stand-pipes are placed, in order to boys from interfering with them to the extent they do at present. Two sets of very interesting photographs were yesterday exhibited in the window of Montague's Fancy Bazaar, Queenstreet, namely, those of the members of the Oxford. University boat crew, and of the Harvard University crew, in the recent international boat race, of which the Oxford crew were the winners. The photographs are woll finished and mounted ; and they have the appearance of being good likenesses, A man, named Peter Mackenzie, was apprehended by Detective Temaluiii yesteida)', charged by Aidrew Ruoney with obtaining money under false pretences. Maurice Walsh was apprehended by constable Wftdmau, charged with stealing a bottle of old torn from the Exchange Hotel, We su e glad to learn, from the letter of our Waitakere correspondent, that the flax industry is progressing in that district. We are glad to see that the adjourned meeting of the Auckland Floating Dock Company is to be held on Monday, at noon, There really ought not to be further delay in fit least advertising for tenders for the construction of the dock, A passenger yesterday morning by the s.s. ' City of Melbourne,' having stayed on the wharf a minute too long bidding adieu to his friends, found that the steamer was moving away, and the only hold on the wharf that she had was by her stern line. He evidently thought it was neck or nothing with him, so rushing to the rope he seized it and held on as if to stay the vessel's progress, and at the same moment the command was given to let go. The order was promptly obeyed, and before the man knew where he was he was hauled off the wharf and into the water. The men on the steamer hauled away cheerily at the line, whilst the gallant passenger held on tightly, and he was very soon hauled on board, only suffering from a ducking and the loss of his hat. To gain this prize —the only remaining souvenir of our departing friend — many go-, on the oross-beams under the wharf, towards which the hat was floating ; but just as two were eagerly stretching out their hands to grasp the coveted hat, the " Trinity Yacht" (the Provincial Government dingy) was pushed out from under the wharf, and those on board seized the prize, instantly disappearing again with it under the whiif, amidst cheers from the assembled spectators, and deep groaiufrom those who had entered into the hunt. By this time the original owner of the hat and the s.s. ' City of Melbourne' were speeding gallantly on their way down the harbour. " Alpha," writing to us on the insolvency law, and its want of power to check fraud, says: — "Now, the question of the cure — how is it to be brought about ? Do away with imprisonment for debt, unless where fraud or recklessness can be shown ; don't be so unjust, barbarous, or far behind the age, as to punish for misfortune. This savours of Maori enlightenment. Make the insolvency law more severe, so that when malpractices have been proved his Honor may be able to pass sentence commensurate with this, one of the greatest social evils ; appoint a thoroughly efficient assignee, who ahall be an officer of the Court, whose character and antecedents are known, who shall be above suspicion of collusion in any way, and whose duty it shall be to examine minutely into, and report to the Court, the various transactions of the insolvent ; and, lastly, treat those who make a practice of frequenting the Court periodically with great jealousy ; and where the public have been swindled by the assigning or bill of sale system, and the fraud can be brought home, punish thoseimplicated as participea criminis. If these suggestions were followed, I predict a more healthy state of business in a very short time ; until some action is taken no tradesman can feel secure, no business man safe." The leases of certain Harbour Endowments, from the period from the 19th April to the 31st December, IS7O, are to be sold by auction by Mr. C. Davis. The endowments are — Eleven allotments on the Customhouse- street Wharf, between Queenstreet Wharf and Gore-streeb Jetty, known as the timber wharves ; and ten allotments in Customhouse-street, westward of Albertstreet. The Garrick Club performance, at the Prince of Wales Theatre, in aid of the Provincial Hospital Library Fund, takes place this evening. A good cause, the patronage of the Governor, Lady Bowen,. and the Superia j tendent, and an attractive programme ought to nerve the amateurs to a successful debftt, Constable MeWUliams, of Grahamstown, brought up yesterday afternoon, by tho p,g, 'Duke of Edinburgh,' a prisoner named Oardwell, committed for trial by the Reii. dest Magistrate at Shortland on Tuesday last, charged with committing an indeaeriba* able offenct; A new catalogue of the Young Men's Christian Association Library is about to be prepared; and, therefore, it is requested that all books may be returned before the 11th instant. It is notified that Hyman Joseph, »torekeeper, Queen-street, has been adjudged a bankrupt, and that the first meeting of creditors will be held at noon on the 13th instant, at the office of the Provisional Trustee, in the Supreme Court.— Samuel Stuart, coffee-roaster, has made an assign, ment under the Bankruptcy Acts.

Most of the Southern journals have articles upon the Californian mail .service, and .ill except a few, ml liich pander to local jealousies, take a cheetful view of the prospects of the new line. The Wellington Independent m its summary says: — ''The first steamer -which brings the Australian colonies into immediate connection with their eller sister of America is looked upon as the pioneer of a great Pacific fleet, which will be called into existence dviring the next few years, as the colonies of Australia and New Zealand increase in wealth, population, and in the variety as well as quantity of their productions, and as the islands of the Pacific are gradually occupied by enterprising colonists, and made to furnish their quota of tropical productions to the general trade. The practicability and importance of the line once ascertained and generally acknowledged, there will probably be brought to bear upon its development the competition of larger companies with capital and experience sufficient to develop the natural advantages offered by this route, which will certainly become the favourite passenger route between Australia and the British Isles." The NeKon Eciminei' iv its summary article says : — "The last thirty years have seen the deserts of California peopled by a restless energetic population, and America become a great Pacific as well as a great Atlantic power. With the unequalled resources of California at her back, and with the transcendent genius of her people for extemporising fleets and armies and for organising lines of traffic, it is impossible to doubt that America needs no more than stretch out her hand to seize the sceptre of the Pacific. And now America is letting down a feeler in the shape of a steam mail service to the Southern Hemisphere, where she will find populations closely related to her people by blood and institutions, and by those habits of mind which are engendered by the occupation of the waste places of the earth, as well as by the displacement of savage races — habits which, though they act only as a solvent on the relations existing between those populations and the country now owning their allegiance, can scarcely fail to constitute a lmk between communities which possess them in common. Some time since, in the Colonists' Parliament in Cannon-street, a gentleman remarked that he had observed that ' Trade followed the flag.' The maxim has unquestionably the right sound of a very wise saw. We beg leave to doubt, notwithstanding, its applicability to our modern instance. Trade is one of those things which, like capital — indeed it is nothing but one energy of capital — refuses to be directed by law, or even by sentiment. Eiucal laws can paralyze trade, but cannot compel it. Sentiment has no effect upon it whatever. When the merchants of JSTew Zealand and Australia find that coi respondence can be interchanged neai ly forty da> s more quickly with California than with England, while they gain at least twenty days m corresponding even with New York iii place of London, they will not impossibly reflect that, cajtens paribus, the nearest market is the market for their money. Trade will then be les3 perhaps likely to follow the flag than the (lag trade." A correspondent, writing upon the subject of "The Ragged School Association," says : — "Sir, — Believing that your journal is the impartial exponent of public opinion generally, and not the advocate of any section of the community particularly or exclusively, I trust jrou will permit me to offer a few observations upon the subject of the projected Ragged School movement in Auckland, Every symptom about this movement leads me to believe that it is essentially a sectarian one. Of comae, I do not at all find fault with this. It is optional, of course, for any sect or creed to provide for its own destitute and neglacted children in any manner it chooses, so long as it doss not interfere with the religious tendencies or rights of others. This is a fair and legitimate principle, and one that, in my opinion, none will cavil at. But, as there is a large and important portion of the citizens of Auckland — I mean the Roman Catholics — who will not participate in this Ragged School movement, it ia clue to them that nothing should be said or done that may be calculated to give them offence. It is to be regretted, however, that at the very commencement of so laudable an undertaking anything of a suspicious character should attach to its proceedings, as that its projectors should hold any meeting with closed doors, even to the exclusion of the press. I will not say they had any ulterior mobive in doing so. I will only hope, for tiie sake of the movement itself, that they had not. I cannot help remarking, however, that, so far as the Roman Catholics of Auckland are concerned, the resolutions emanating from the hole-and-corner meeting are most objectionable in every sense of the word. I said they (fche Roman Catholics) are a numerous and important body. I now s\y that as they contribute their share towards the revenue of the country, and the maintenance of its institutions, they will look with a very observant eye ujpon any unfair or partial distribution of said revenue by the Superintendent of this province, especially towards the support of institutions in which they cannot conscientiously participate, and from which, it would appear, they are intentionally excluded. This persistent exclusion, I regret to say, has predominated for a length of time in Auckland. Now the voiy first resolution proposed by Mr. Boardman regarding the obtainment of the census of the children of Auckland above six and under twelve years of age, is rather an anomalous one indeed. Of course, in the enumeration of such census, the children of the Roman Catholic and Jewish persuasions must be included. What then ? Does Mr. Boardman mean, by his resolution, that these children are to be forced or inveigled into this Ragged School ? We all know what industrial schools and reformatories mean, but we do not know, as yet, what a Ragged School may germinate in. But their object is known elsewhere. The Governor of a colony or the Superintendent of a province, it is true, can go to any meeting they think proper. That is their right and privilege ; but it is to be earnestly hoped that they will not give the sanction of their high positions to any proceedings that may be injurious or give offence to any section of the community, and thereby mar that cordial harmony that should exist amongst all classes. — I am, &c, M." The Wellington Independent thus refers to Earl Granville's latest declamation, in connection with the new ocean postal service :—: — "At this moment in the world's history the parent State of bothgthe United States and ourselves, seated in cold and aristocratic stateliness, seems about to retire from the business of being a mother of nations, and to abandon to chance the progeny to which she gave bh*th — over whose earlier years it was supposed she once watched with solicitude and care. Did she ever watch over any of her progeny with solicitude and care ? Have we not spoken in haste? We fear that history will tell us that it is so. How little aid did she give — what hard diet did she dole out to her sons who took refuge from her across the Atlantic ? And is it not so with us ? Some few pats on the head, but many more kicks a tergo, followed by a deliberate turning out of doors, and then quarrelling with us for going, or even threatening to withhold us, — such has been only too muoh the oharacter of the care which our parent has been in the habit of bestowing on her offspring. It is true that (if the latest telegrams report oorreotly) Lord Granville still talks some 'bunkum 7 about fighting for the colonies « to thalaet ship, tha laat man, and the last shilling'— but we know too well what such hustings talk amounts to. We ask for bread, and h« offers ua a stone. We do not wish to be fought for *9 Lord Granville promises to fight for us, It h*s been the misfortune of colonies in all great wars to be treated as the small change of the parent State ; to be bandied back, wards and forwards ; to be bombarded and blockaded, for the offences of the b q belligerent to whom they belong. If Lord Gran~viHe will nob give us the bread we ask for, pray let him keep his stone 3 to himself : we want none of them. 1 ' The problem of tea culture in California h solved; and there ia no longer doubt but as good teas as are produced in China and Japan can be raised there.

Tlio anniversary sermons in ai<l of the Pitb-streat Wesleyan Sunday-school will be preached on Sunday ne^t, by the Revs. .1. Berry and P. H. Cornford ; and the, Uuv. TJ. F. Macnicol is expected tv deliver an address to the children an the afternoon. The public tea-meeting is to b • held on the evening of Good Friday. A case lias recently been heard in the Resident Magistrate's Court at Whangamii, which has given rise to much scandal, and must cause much pain to the friends of the late Major Hunter. An. action was brought by undertakers named Anderson Brothers against William Newland, to recover £18, expenses of the funeral of the late Major Hunter, and alleged to have been incurred by order of Captain Newland. On behalf of plaintiffs it was proved that defendant gave the order, but a letter was read from Captain Newland, in which he stated that the money derived from the Major's effects was more than sufficient to cover the funeral expenses, and that Mr. Halse, of New Plymouth, held funds in his hands at the prei sent time. Captain Newland further stated ' that in his opinion he was not liable for the debt. The Court gare judgment for plaintiff for amount and costs. That the memory of a soldier should be thus publicly insulted by an unseemly wraugle over the expenses of his funeral is simply disgraceful. Native claims to the following blocks of land are to be investigated at a sitting of , the Native Lands Court, to be commenced in Auckland, on May 3rd : — Whakaharatau, mud flat near Shortland ; Pukehinau, near Moanataiari ; Pukehinau, Parareka, Opitpmako, and Moanataiari, near Waiotahi; Kaipitopito, near Shortland ; Kauaeranga No. 28 ; Whakaruapapaka, and Kauaeranga mud flat, near Shortland. These cases, with the exception of the first-stated, were adjourned from a previous sitting. Wai Matenga and Mangatangi, near Ohinemuri ; and the following adjourned cases :— Waitekauri, Taimaharau, Ngamako, Owharoa, Te Komata, To Tete, portion of Karangahaki, Taukanihi, and Orunanga, Karangahaki, Matai -Te - Waru, Waikowhiti, Onekaharau, Taukanihi, Ngahina, Patete, Owerangi, Kotokohu, Te Onekura, Nga Kuri-a-whare, Teßuapa, Tauanui, Ohiapo, Hikurangi, Te Tawa, O-he-vangi, Kawitiroa,* all near Ohinemuri ; Motungaio and Opukeko, near Waihou ; Waihi, near Katikati ; Omahu, near Whangamaba ; Otuturu, near Waihomu ; Te Koao-o-Tahu-rangi, near Waihou. The Hobart Town Mercury of the 23rd ultimo contains an article on the San Francisco mail route. It thinks the new service will not benefit Tasmania, on account of the inadequacy of the local mail arrangements, but expresses a belief that it will infuse fresh spirit into the P. and O. Co. The article goes on to say :—": — " In the meantime we cannot look on without interest and approval of the spirited conduct of the New Zealand Government, in seeking to relieve themselves from the disadvantages under which they labour, iv being solely dependent on the Suez route for the traninission of their oorrespondence. Though within a few days' sail of Melbourne, a considerable poition of which trip may be got over before the P. and and 0. Company's boats reach Sydney, the arrival and departure of these boats are so timed, and we fear almost necessarily so, as to place New Zealand virtually a month further from London than are any of the colonies. The Treasurer of New Zealand has, in effecting the new arrangement, obtained fi.r that colony a great boon and at no cost " The meeting of creditors in the estate of John Preston Good was adjourned till Tuesday, April 12, not April 11, as was erro. neously advertised yesterday.