WELLINGTON SCHOOLS.

Dominion, Volume 1, Issue 157, 27 March 1908, Page 4

WELLINGTON SCHOOLS.

v?THE 'YEBR'S WORKT^'^ JOARD. V At yesterday V-meeting of rthtf- , on • the ■ state of district during tM" and H adopt^.. The t— SCHOOLS; .A^D.AITKNI)^ At ths were in " operation. "Duririg'tthOj'yeafr'tffire were opened Hpmoburny;lKauhiku,;;Ka;ikurjj Pakowai,, andf^afiii^l'^all^to^^l^^Miols; and; thero-'Woro "closed Tikaraindnga and • Homoburn, leaving 158 in operation at tho ; end 'of tho. je&Si' H'lTKe': averago'v.roll arid atteii'daricOiforitthe r^pj?(;tivo'vqtrarters ,;: and . tlie worq :-^?: <!,■;; Average;,/.e Average; j ;; • •" Roll. - i Atteridanco.in 7 March'- "16,526 ' -'14.403 '■Juno . .... 16,523 .... 13,887 r' . September v..'1G,552 / : ,-y 13,636 December 16,669 .' /"' "lijlflS"'— - ~ Xear 16,564 : 14,007 , Tho percentage of attendance was 84.6, \tlio lowest since 1903. ,Thu cm-responding figures for tho year 1906 were:—Roll, -16,416; attendfjnee, . 14,856; •• the :; roll : increased by 14S _as-;cpmparp.f>it!f 1906, tho avorago attendance decreased by 349, 'or: nbarly i3::per; 'ccnt'<_ ofthe; ;ay;er,age numbor enrolled. ' This serious .decrease, is al'most" "wliolly -dtiP.'; tp whiooping •cough' and ■. influenza, which prevailetl over nearly the .whpld ; district, aricl in many,iristances affccted tho. (hroo-quartors... •. • . TRUANTS AND NEGLECTED: CgILDREN T . •-Tho" following 'aro';* tho : .o£'".tlie" Truant Officer, for tho;,'year ■•City«i and ■ suburban■. schepls,;;292,'AvisiMr 'Wairarapa schools,'.'9s ,visits;: Manawatiischools, -Ba-.visits.; Catholic schools, 40 visits. Tptal;:-462.';- r •:■;-•.,7 'Cases'reported by head'teachers and/deato ' with, 3835; .proceedings, instituted, : _,.l4f L.cdrivictioris. ..recorded,.' 120 casesv owing-' to-rmiproved 'attend.anopjV?;; tlrawiK in order that police might take-.othor, action, 6. -.Fines lnffictcd,., £16.•,175..;...-costs, £37 25.; total; £53 dismissed (ono for sickness, one to father not being responsible), ,2.Summonses unserved,, 4. Thero' w ; erd"eiirolled" on 'scliool 1 rolls 'twentythree children.of. school;;ag9, was being neglected. A nuniljer' of ■ neglected ' c'amo unddri .ridtico, and wero reported to the police, who obtained the committal to industrial schools tmd receiving homes of .forty-six-boys-;and- -cigliteon-g-irls,. ranging; in. ago from: soven to fourteen years. Hoif ability of, amendnient of: Section 141, Jsducation Adt';:. : - of a child otto day -in eneh of tho school ■ year. Tho Teaspn; s tp believe that 'a considerable riunibery. of-, parents week by week purposely, send their children to school only tlid baro minimufn number of times required byalaT^-;,aTid.citi'is;-pfEopiindjy.fhat, as the. child 'should, in tlio absence of Valid excuse, be required to attond'dffily. Ilr ' " • yi At the close of thenar there were in the ' service of thp Board. 139 male .and 218 female • teachers;* !M: 1 -maleV'; : an I d'.W0 7 -P'feiiiaK' -.pupilfeachers; total, ,',153 males, 288 females, or ; 441., jn, an, t; an^increaso.,pf during.. s tha ... 'yeSK'-.Tlie' corresppiiding'numk ■ ivere fomalea,"' or;'43/'' in all. Included in the above numbers, are .68 certificated tpacbers, i 0.23 of< whom liacLjjecn § ranted' & license' toVfeachl'v y circular iritimatcd'- , td''','these ; 'tc'achers.its '> desirfl\ithat'tKoyiashould'iendcavonrcto^liiiaiii : a M certificitobqiOf the who ' required to sit> for examination, only two failed, to pass. ' Tho experience of the : past "year confirms • tho opinion ■ exprdssed-in- ' tho Board's report 1906,. that, in some . grades the 'staffing" is. inaclequate;»and the Board trusts that,., as.,ihe '.the .con-" Bideratipn^wliipKJt'.M ■is now' reteivmg,-relief may Go- afTorded by some the staffing of thoso, grades • too great. ;;a_ . ' INSTRUCTION OF TEACHERS

• Saturday instruction 1 of • teachers . were' fellow, tho attendance'- boingr.'showii'tiu ' brackets: ing and Wellington Technical v.'' School (92) j' agriqUltuje, Mastertpn, Groytown, 4ind Levm, ifiyftjMr. Davies (35); cppkery,' at by Miss Ivey (24); and at Mastertpn, by Miss Talbpt (24); by, Mr.-. singing kha "deep' breathing, iit Wellington, , by Mr. ltobert l'arker (lil). . Jlrs..,Necly . :i ''cofi'dubted a-'studdnts',cla^..pf;23 N m (i.ppk^f,,;, : and-^..Hbtre. f 6no,:'of,l6!.ji!.i^pbdwo£S?.iiyto ■ is -vejQri^^^^^^^^^^hftrSo.-JMgp. ■ ■■"j a; iiiuiaber" pf' : 'teaclicrs ore -'prepared,:. for l , the:'Bailee f ; of improvement in l tlieir profession, ■; to forfeit-a part-at- least-'of-thoir- Soiturdsj'" • lo i^ r , e ;. ',^ r ,C : ; v SCIIOLMSIIIPS JAND HIGH L •• ~f,. Tlrere}hveto -v heldv'atr'''tho eiid : ' ; 6f'"'t]ie"'year v, 'Junior Scholarshipsßoard 64, .National ,9, < ■. Queen's ,:7:^'^'*tho' : .>esalfe'Bf^6;tsxamina ; '' s ;.: tion of' Decembei;," 1907',. there'iwere awarded / Junior Scholarships: ; Board 3, (Queen's lr. BbSrd Junior. Scholar- ! ships there :were; 219'.candidatespfof 'Board Senior Scholarships there were 67 candidateSj. , tcrlO 'of -.whom'wero awarded' Senior"Schol'arBhip's. - • Ten • District High Schppls have been in ■ operation. The, .total averages .decreased. : ' from 510: in 1900 tp 463 in 1907. \ :. " ,MANUAL'AND TEOHNIOAL;j"ft ; \ INSTRUCTION. During the year.capitation.was earned by '116 schppls, as cpmpared with 120 ;in. 1906 ' and .110 in'lDOo. -Tho' following tabic" shows'; the' 'numbers'-^under-'- instruction 1 : during year in" the yarieus manual,and technical siitt' l ' jects:— '' ' 'V ■ No. . No. ■■ '■ ' -' 1 . of of -./.i.Subject: Schbols.'Pupils. 5 ITintlWi-iT.', - ;:. 1 %£•:, 1i..0»*8 . .Elementary' fngriciilture ' , ... 50'. 924 '■ ■ Needlework (with instructor, hea(i„teapher..js tegchcr).-, 1 .! ''!? ; "22G : Elementaiy-'-ehemistry• -t j 116 Physiology.£aTntJ.first_.wd 6_> '276. ' Swimming and life-saving ... '4" 93 . Elementary physical-rineasurements G 271 '•'•'Dairy'work •... ... ~. 1 10, . -v ,v: " Iv.r; Cookery— . . Wairarapa and-;-Pahiatua'.Centres 9. 292 ■ /Wellington' Centre . 1.. " ... 11 339 / Levin Centre ... ... : 1 41 ,Woodworkn--Wellingtoii-Gentre ------.v.—-9-—341- ' Total ..1?,903 Insttilcti6h'vTn'' , at Thorndon^-Wd§j^e#trtSii'^in.. Wollingtoh7 at. X6viii, ! cludin^fS^ho'fi»rt^^ ; K^.h^r^tf^>.^Tho' jnstructoPin WbbUwork' lßegan l! in v June': in ,foom v: at, thelTifiiiiing' College;? a'hd'.' ; inyrooms' until the completion:-of-th(pSouth . ■woodwork _andr i cV&kery. /; 'l)uilding. _ TTie Verection of.' this line t-eclmical' building, of-ltlio ' cookery t and sciencelrebmsj at Levin, an(J;tho '; '.. fitting ,up pf -'sciencdv and' cookery rooms at , . Groytown aii^d' Cart'eftou> slibiildirenderi tho work of instruction,:, at. ceiftres'both more pleasant rand- moro efficient:: ' : as FINANCK Tho total receipts and expenditures <)f tlio Board were vaß >follow, contractors-i:doposits being oxclucfed. receipts and disbursements 011 >pcount of Technical ;Sqhq.6ls';iri^luclM.'f-|; ■ £§s?®esolpi3'j . , ptiifbs. -..JCv, s-S./d-v - JC .SB. d. Balance '• December->:3l, % 1906: • .... ...... "ca Administration' ■ : 10,439 ■5- 8 "1&.6i2d2 9 Buildings 11 WJ IUO 12 "17}1T 2 Secondary, including -... Scuolaruhips ■ - 5,7471f)>:05,801.,[} 0 Manual atidTechnicali i - <* :vi School classes ... 2,t!G7 17 9 3,287 11 7 Teachers-. Balanes,--: '..,' 50,977 /13 ;7;.<r5pj720 : r .is 10 Technical .ecbools b.574.17 2"'0,19G rt ,9 5 > Dr. BManco Decern- ■■■rxr'-j bor-31. 1907;: Bank i 81558 IB 7 1 Less deposit 10(10 0 0 558.16^7 - -- ' 2 3£SSJOi 2 3

ftilT •: BUILDINGS. >^Drifing;;%o : ;y«jjC%o' 'following buildings, pfMvli'ielr.iVas met .by Government wpro'ercctcd':—fihau, to replace buildlrijfrds^rpycd.' i ''b>t_fire; , Muhunoa; Ilniraua '{(ijicl Levin, cookery, and bnco; r .Spjiitli..\\'elli|!gt-on,! cookery and Woodwork- To Horo, Rangitumau', 'iftii, Kongbkol&ko, .residences. From it's own .a new school effected - small.' 1 enschppls; sheds and fences ' W,.mno; thirty schools and ten residopeds,,.- besides, effecting minor repairs ..at, n .number of others. During tho year thd 'ilcicl'for increased provision for education, especially Jn suburban areas, engaged tho serious attciition*"~of the Board, and grants for,.schools, ipsienlargemont of schools, at. .Johnsonvillo,, Le.yin,, Upper Hutt, Maraipjv" 3?5?%. '"fcatisdowno. hn ve c . en to'^omo : ovidont .that increased bo provided at £tuit,\ ' While the grant's,.'for.j.ljuUdiiigs-Tliave in all instances tho' Board - submits of sites amount to a large sun),-,the,, proportion of half cost, seeks to 'establish as tlifl-joguinr con'tribii'tign towards sites, causes n.,diyorsion r 6f maintenance of neglect. of many {ifgen^^vorks^.,;, continues to'bo confronted rwith'extriJma difficulty in satisfac-tpriLy/staffing,-:bacii-blocks schools ; and it iy;'a,rjnly. of Inthat, Residences should ; bo erccteß in;..all. rdis.tricts where proper accommodation .fdrr tho (..teacher is not to, be ■ obtainodn .Grahtsi'bav.c ibeen mado for such .re-; ill-.' thi'.eS districts; • and thero aro scvei'nl-'otlicra-whcrc house accommodation musfcusdon bc-provided. r

report. .REVIEWED. '^The'''ttnnual:rc})ort r !'of the inspectors states tho schools™ operation during the whole'iyear. w£re examined, and, with-'tho ex- ' ception 'of: Akitio, all'-received a- second visit ' of'''-inspectiort; ' ; Three:::of the aided- schools Vcroa-noi»'/Tisitcdj , ;.as-they.-:-Kftd- not been when thot.inspector, was paying" his anmial'visitrtocthc-district ; and ono, Homclinrii-,' was'' ,| 'closcd:.\W! ! few months after. its j : ripeningi;>>/£hd>.Normal School was examined [by :tlis'~Pfin'cipal'.;bf the Training College.' (lif • nino Catholic; schools 'were 'also ''examined' and'reported upon;. j.s it . ■'■■'. , ' 7 >~,:ACCOMTODATION. -n' «o«T" r, . fTr '!:> f > *o vji-j- j ; iii.RfjfefringJ.ito; the,/ Question of acc'ommoda- ; tipn, fjfftpfltioji&J-nn.-ilhs,-Chairman's . roport,. •' provi^oiwshp.uldrbe'nJade, in the opinion of ;;tliV:/irispectorfjAfoii : ii , osidences for. tho lower grade vcquutry .iscbools. In many cases teachers' arO: unable -to obtain' suitable lodgjingß, : .a; difficulty.! which." not; only prevents jifta,py .frqiii .appl}i.nS'i>fcr ■ these schools, but ' ;. to; leave !for 'OtJisrupnstß Opportunity. • Moreover, tho" liouße"allowanco is not acleIqiiate, nor is tho salary stablo enough to j secure The want of a [suitable residence, the insecurity of isalary al® : thkr&Vb' cKef causes of tho 111j'efficieiicy of many of these schools, and any istops- that calf "bp:'tafvOn to-, remedy those two dcfects will contribute largely to greater ! efficiency. ' { WJ ' '• • -v EFFICIENCY: . In forming \an" :! ''fes<lib&to. of the-general efficiency of .the in the district regard .has .beeli'''glyiii,°Jo. tho fact that the ipast year has b"ee'n;j'q\iitoYi>ii • exceptional one matt'dr^pf 1 which -affccted tooth In .many places. ,opid6fii*ißs' of-, scarlet -fovb'r, whooping tough,' jrneasles, ,and. ipfluonza havo succeeded .one jaWpthtfr',' l frjtifpjLii/' 1 int§rihission. Tho loss of itfi^e'' : and''tlic7.disOTganfthti6n resulting from itHis luivo ijaturairy"hffectod the work of .all jscW6lS';-bufe ? )H6i'e'''6sp"<fe'iUHy those; whore tho iclii'ldr.dn 'h>r6':'lbi)g')Vjy r tances to come over jbnd :> "i'6ad'sv- *Takin§' i, tMb' circumstances in-!tori"c.oii's'idcs'3ti6'ri:n-we «®fcrd; ' classified tho !scKd6i3: o fls o^tt®^'ct6¥J l!i t<)' ! ko6d, 117; fair, latter schools' belong lohlelly'id grades O'aStcHj and in 9 out:df the. !ir cliiiiigds lial'b 'Ifdeil made -in' tho manageiM^nt'!';-! 1 " "'"f W V : ' - / ' ' I 1 ■ : ; alri anticipatioiribf .thei new. regulations to. iben'issuod »byftlie->«''EdiUcation. Department,. ;soh'opls'.bxairunedia£t'er';Juno were advised to' |delay tioTniaidHtjr.Dfitkcif.; promotions rintil !the'oiid>:'of'?tne.?j*sar..Trln schools examined .m-'«khe?earlj!>i»iit, oMheiyear. tho caso .of-the Jproficienc-j candiddtesvwwho failed ; to comc ■up "to l requirements':-at fcho aimiial visit was imot' v ;by.i»"Supplemcntary. examination which. ln'as>.hel'diiin; December,. . A reference .to tho Jiuiiib'er.: of.iiproftciducyricertificates; issued at. the' l annual.'??visit ■> shows a ■ decrease when Hmparodi.vlnth'.rlOOGii'but this, is counte'rhal-. j»iiced;!:by" tlio..,'jiuiiiber;i.;issued in -December kt! the"sj)ec'ial; examinationi '■ Tho substitu-. tion' of'a* leaving icortificate for_ the ccrtifi'cates >.of 'compotency ..arid proficiency, in S. inspectors'; examination I '.for cortific'atosTof proficiency is. overlapped byithe Depaitmant's examination .for. i'ree-'iplaces..i ; ;At.;tliai:Dficember_ examinations. for;:qunibr .iia.fcional Scholarships and- free

places, thero were;.:ovor 200-candidates from this-'-disfiriet. nlonej-Itpractically all ,of whom had>already jbeen'Mexoniincd for fr.ee places ht--theft own .'and', the majority of. them"irithin^a :few;-weeks". -One or other, of thesis examinations 1 is-: certainly unnecessary. ■} 'Travei r s , ihg"the r 'WcH'k , :which has been done in .the various subjects of tho. school sylla-bus,'.-'tHe report- states;-' with .regard to Engliifiv"; tiiSt"'rcading. ? -Ts' !: ;confidently assessed as'Satesf'aUory'i altlfflu'glf tho opinion is exp?&sed';tbat'm&hy 'ftsiicders do not appreciate the'iilipprtarice 'of th'i's' r subject as an index to tho child's Spelling,' so far as niechaiiical^accuracy l --is concerned, is descrißal "as, MisFaclWyj : ';but when considered on enuhciaticil, its 'influence is'stated' to' ! b'(? practically nil. Composition is, "in soiiie n f'espects, said to bo : the Mst'.''Sa,tt6fa(lti)ty 's'nbjEet' iii. tho syllabus. Tho, child's'''d,ftlik'6::tp~\6sJay writing and. the want of and their, expression! apppoar to' 1 be largely duo to tho volun-' i^'^r/inyiSliinW^-Titwimpt' to remove tlio; 6ssay 'iii .£<oriio lyay'-'frdHi the ddm'ain of tho •; Fro™*'' grammar *? - a soparat-o siibject'iir'.the value as a mental' exe'rcisp i j'>tid as!;tvii 'afct tlio analytical and bri'iicaT'stuilyof'lp^iago,. is, however, rbcog-' l'use'd, 'ancl',' 1 as ' sucTi,' , 'its' reappearance in the iyllabusjn.-tho.mpdjfied.form proposed.by the satisfactofy.' Tho ddroqi,'s 'tJife^l'^ho'C^ounjal" should, it is in 'tho que£ iioli jpt journal has been the feel , to _ have .been uiKeas9ii'abio rf / criticism. aimed TargipjV at things'which - ..px|jQc|fd from' small moiitlily"' piiblica.tioK'L'qf. 'necessity limited in forpri. is considered by b4i-,;in 9 ' t Stnndardii I, 11, and Standard satisfactory; otanclarcls T? to fair. Previous .tjw.l opinion that, from the points'of view of, ;)>ptj)' r ,utility and mentardis--<;ip,lipR I j^p ll cxa i ggejjitec).,,importa'nco. is attache! ."to arithmetic with,. say, lauguago., ,'.Xni! civics it is found as „a- rule,ltlia^.,cKiJi;lrß!tj'' / arc receiving intolli- . geirt' v instTijptipn, in-,'th,o M ordinary duties and responsibilities 6f. .citizenship. The constitution-) aiid^fuilct)o'ris v ,clE' > ,'tlio moro important local |;pdip? ftjfl JWl l #.?. connected 'with elefeatures, in the majbn.ty!-pf.-.ilioi'prpgrammes of. work sub%ittpdr'.3Vith,;.rcga.rd./ history proper tho s)!>ni,o satisfaction; bo oxpressod. Too dftjoii -the.progri}minGS;.aro -attenuated—not to of geography isj satisfactory. Nature -study-,is.,fui<Jipg,rfUß roasln G favour, and tihe study of .cjpmeiitprcj agriculture is 'being fostored, very'largely, by tlio enthusiasm of tho Board's instructor in agriculture, Mr. W. C. Davics. 'ltereiTTng' to physical and military drill, the. report.- states .that breathihg exercises now prominent part in Slip:'day's, large majority of ' military drill, so foPai affects 'the actual school work, nP'TfP-'marked as very good. Whether/Allc-, attondajioe.of tenchers at battalion: drilliis, or-rianuofc, compulsory, .spenkijig eiwircly.iirrojn.-.th'ofpoint- of view.'of the ihtorests !oKthe sphoolsrJtnd the cadets, it is considered".-ithat icompany drill satisfies all .A'equifcment'sf, -and so >far as. teachers are concerned, it is very properly .treated as a compulsory subject. Battalion

drill appears to stand on ail entirely, different ' footing. It has its very. necessary placo in any national schemo of military training and defence, more especially in the effectivo training of officers who -may bo called upon to liandlo large bodies of men, bnt its bearing on the training of ■ the individual cadet does not justify any action that might jeopardise the success of n cadet - system which owes so much of its efficiency to- the cheerful and., voluntary co-operation of our 'teachers. In one-fifth of the schools abovo Grade 0 singing is marked as below satisfactory, and in a few schools it is not taught. In less' than one-half it is marked as "good" or '.'very good," and in these schools most of the teachers in the course of their training havo lmd the benefit of instruction from an expert. - • ••:--■ - PUPIL TEACHERS. The majority of the pupil teachers passed tho matriculation, examination- before entering on their, apprenticeship,; and thus "were relieved from the drudgery of passing examinations while engaged in teaching. Only a few were required to sit for tho first examination (civjl service junior) in December, and all but two succeeded in passing. Throe pupil teachers who failed at tho previous examination sent in their resignations during tho year. DISTRICT HIGH SCHOOLS. Judged by examination results, the secondary classes of tho District High Schools havo been doing very satisfactory work. Many candidates passed the University examinations for matriculation and solicitors' general knowledgo,. and in the civil servico junior examination of Decomber thirty-seven candidates under | the ago of. sixteen years succeeded ill obtaining the necessary number of marks to qualify for a senior free placo, and of thoso who entered for senior ■Board scholarships only seven failed to obtain the,necessary, pass. .These results, states, tho report, are all the more satisfactory in view of'tho fact that- tho scholarship winners, and tho bost of the scholars who pass out of the primary department, invariably go to tho secondary, schools.

. TRAINING OF TEACHERS. NORMAL SCHOOL REPORT.. The annual roport of the Principal of the Normal Training College .(Mr.' Wm. Gray) states that-the-.enrolment at the:commencement of,the. year's worlc.w.as 77. During : tho year. four, more were admitted, three- of them under., the,,teacher's special clause—Clause XI, arid!.orie/transferred from the .Christchurch'Training- Collego,.\ bringing tho total up to Bi. • .. _ ' ' M. F. T'l, Students, in. second year .....12 34' 46 Students in. first year : 4 28 32 Students from 3to 7 months 1 . 2 : 3 " ' " 17 ',64 81 SCARCITY OF MEN. , " Probably, the ; most striking fact disclosed in the above figures," says Mr. Gray., "is- the' small' proportion of men students in the College. It has become a commonplace now that teaching has ceased' to be attractivo to men. A larger proportion of. men must he found; .and I believe'.that it is the uncertainty of promotion rather than the smallncss-of tho remuneration that at present warns.off men."

The total, numbor of piiinl teachers in tho employment of all'the Education Boards in tho lifiddlo University District -is ,261'. ■Counting..three;, years .(and' this is : probably : too. high)-as',tho avorago .length' of .:the pupil teacher's -,course,''.B7 should -completeevery, year. .Wheri it.is,considered that the ; high'est number, of ex-pupil teachers "admitted so far in . any one year has been , 34,'- it- will'- bo understood' that. '.more, than half of those who enter, the profession by way of apprenticeship receivo no further training than can bo given them, as pupil tdnehers. When, it is 'further borno in mind that oi,it of 916 adult teachers in tho. Middle. University :!)istrict.'229\liave, no {examination status 'whatever,, it, bo abundantly evident that, the need'-'for''i'rrfproving tho averago status of teachers is very urgent..

MORE SPACIOUS GROUNDS.

' '"I would again" urgd,".. reiterates ilj,; Gray, "the need of additional grouiid, and in this' connection repeat what. I said; in my roport last year,:. The need.-,of .rilpre:,spacious grounds ..is :an ~urgent one, from 'the pointi of view'aliko of the educatiopal work o£ tho Institution and of tho recreation. Of. tho Students and. scholars; and if, as seoins likely, tho'present is to be the permanent horiie of the Training College, no time should be lost in ■ securing _an adjacent • section or sections, if such are'obtainable. If the College is to serve adequately. ,the needs of rural school?, a much larger, area than is available at' present should bo at tho disposal of tho iristruotor,in! Elementary Agriculture.'',.,, ;i r, ~j'

STRA^'bF;UNiyERSITY'^

" I am forced to the conclusion," says the Principal,- 'referring- -to tho Stress of .University work, " that. -where unduestrain is ; felt is is.-'diie,' not-to tho amount of work attempted, but to the shortness of the University session,' with the inevitable crowding-of work, and to.the pressuro-of outside examinations. The University College'attempts to teach ill' less than six ;moiitlis what might well bo spread over eight 'or: even-nine,- and! when is added to :tliis'tho fact that ■ for the best part of two months—October and November—tho student is in the throes of examinations; there-is little wonder that even tlio strongest sometimes feel tho strain." :