ESPERANTO.

Dominion, Volume 1, Issue 140, 7 March 1908, Page 12

ESPERANTO.

(By S. H. WhicheUo, of the Gregg Shorthand i Institute.) . ' * In further considering the accusative ease ein Esperanto, the following will, I think, be j of scrvico to tho-student. ■ As before stated, r every preposition governs the nominative o .case, ' and' overy preposition !has 'a ' defined * ant l. constant meaning ,in Esperanto, except g ono i viz.':—jo; sq that if we must use seme _ proposition, and the direct secise docs not 0 s ' ,o f' what special preposition .to take, 1 .., re. s can then, cither uso tile indefinite prepbsiiicn jo, or-tho; accusative without, a preposition. , l'jxaniples—Obeu viam patron, or -obeu jo via P atro— Obey: your father!', 'But ill phrases \ wliero doubt as to meaning may arise, we 1 1 must ahvays use a preposition, as—Li pardonis al sia filo lian kulpon—He.- forgave his son his fault. Not, Li pardonis sian iiloii lian kulpon, for'the two accusatives thoro would create confusion. - < s ■io donoto duration ,or any_ point of time. • ■ r : Mi restis tie kyar semajnojn (or, 3 dum kvar/semajnoj)— I remained there (dur- , ing) four! weeks.-■ La prolisfman lundon (or, ] ' a pi'oksima; lundo). mi. veturos Londonon - i Ol -' i Londono)—Next Monday I shall go tdr 1 London. . Printempon (or, en printempo) _ lloroj - aperas—ln tho Spring flowers 'appear, r! ... dimanehon (or, en dimancho) —Ho k will come on'a Sunday. If we wish to say he will como on Suiiday, wo' must uso tho word/'next," and, say—Li venos la proksi--B man dimanchon. Similarly tho accusative may bu used for , dates. Uashington estia liaskitii la dudek-duan (or, Gn la dudokdua) do, februaro. ' , . • To denote price, weight, measureExam'i i lib . ro i kostis'dek shilingojn (or, po dek shuingoj), por. ck'kduo—Tho books cost ten shillings (or at the rate of t-eii shillingii _ a dozen). La, bastono mezuras tridek colojni . -.3°. tridek - coloj)—Thoi. stick measures . ■ inches. La kesto pezas tridek funtojn v tridek funtoj)—The clicst weighs thirty pounds. From tho foregoing examplea '' wo, seo the important part the accusative ' t plays in the construction of Esperanto, L- the clearness it gives to.'the meaning of a sentence,, and ; the advantage it, affords in : permitting, words, to be.plaoed in almost any order.: The following examples will further illustrate this. . . . ; ' Qualifying' and predicative'' adjectives.—. ' Aii adjective "qualifies"- whenits noun or 5 pronoun' possesses thosame quality . which / ' ,the : adjective denotes, and the' adjective* then 1 agrees! with the noun •'or pronoun ! both' in : number and case. But a predicative ndjec- . tive, although itiagrebs in number, is always in the nominative case. Examples: Mi trovis -la belajn rozojn (Sn rozojii belajn)—l found 3 tho beautiful roses. 'Mi trovis la rozojn bo--3 ,laj—l : found the beautiful. In the , . first examplo', the is that beautiful ; rosea haye,' been found; but 'in the-second' 1 3'oii discovered that they-wore boautiful. : 3 LA NOVAJ VIOTOJ DE LA REGHO. ~ •_ Antau multaj jaroj vivis unu: rcgho,( kia '• tiel amis belajn novajn vestojn', ke li elspeza- > f dis; siaji tutan rno'non,; j»r nur esti chiam ■ bele ornamita. Li.no zorgadis pri'siaj solda--3 -toi,. nek pri ;teatro: kaj-chaso, esceptinto mir sq ili donadis' al li okazon montri siajn' no-. ■ 0 vajn vestoju. : Por. chiu horo' de la tago li 1 havis apartan surtutonj kaj kiel pri chiu f ; alia regno oni ordinare diras :. "li estas ; en s la konsilanejo," oni tie chi chiam diradia: ' 3 "la regho 'estas' en la veetejo."- 50 En la granda urbo, en kiu li loghis, estia } gaje; cbiun tagon. tien-venadis multaj- : fremdulo].:, TJnu tagon vonis ankau.- 'du a . trompantoj, kiuj ;-diris, ke ili estas teksistoj kaj 'teksas la plej belan 'shtofon, kiun onig nur povas al' si■ prezenti; ke ne solo la ko-' s loroj kaj desegnoj, de' tiu ohi' shtofo eetas j eksterordinaje, belaj, sed la vestoj; kiujn 6 .oni preparas; el tiu chi shtofo, Jiayas la mi- ■ rindan econ, ke al l chiu, kiu ne taugas por sia ofico ; au.. estas trb malsagha, ili restos \ nevidehlaj.' 1 ' - ;'; ; i-; : v : ',-Tio .chi 'estas ja b'oiiegaj ! vestojl ponsis la' 1 >ogho : ; lhavarito/tianVpurthton') ? mi ]a ' pbvus sciighj',' 'kiu.'en' mia 'regrib'tie taugas/pw la' £ ofico, kiun li havasj mi poyus .diferenoigi la ' r de la malsaghaj I Jes, la shtofo devaß tuj ;esti teksita .por nii Kaj li donis al la » a'pbau troAipantojTgrandan-'suriion da :mono' t aiitauo,; por ke ' ili' komencu sian laboron.- . ' .Ili st'a.r'igis du ; teksilojn',; f.aris mienoin ' kyazau ili laboras, sed havis : neni6n sur la ', ; teksiloj. , Tamen eii la pcistuloj ili estis tro : • fcrvorili kaj postuladis"la''plej delikatan silk-, ' on kaj.la plpj bonan oron., Tibn'chi ili meta- ' dis en siaju. prbprajn pb.shojri kaj laboradis super la malplenaj' teksiloj, kaj ech gbis . profunda nokto. • ' ... Mi yolus scii, kiom de la shtofo ili, jam ' 1 pretigisl Ekpensis la reglio, sed leapt is lin kelka- timo'cho da penso; ko tiu, kiu estas. , malSaglia au no - bono .taugas ; por sia ofico, - ne povas vidi la slitofon.' Li'estis kvankam i konvinkita 1 , ke li pro si no devas timi, .tamen. r ji preferis antaue seudi alian. personon,., por 0 vidi, kiel la afero staras. Chili] homoj en la 1 tuta urbo sciis, kian mirindan forton la shtofo havas, kaj chiu kun sonpacienco jam. 0 volis vidi, kiel malsagha lia najbaro cstas.< 1 THE' NEW, CLOTHES ,OF :THE KING.— ; '• (Literal Translation.) , = Many years ago thoro lived a king who 1 was so, fond of new clothes that ho spent all 1 his monoy iri order to be always'beautifully ' ornamented. Ho took no interest in his sol-. ' diers, nor in his theatre or chaso, only if they 3 gave., to him' a ■ chance- to; show his new clothes. For every hour of. tho day ho had a different coat, and ' as; concerning every 5 other King people generally say he is : in- the 3 Council Chamber, they always said bore, ths King is in tho dressingroom. • In:the great ; city, in which ;ho; lived it was very gay; every . day -there came ther.o many; strangers...; One ] day arrived thero two adventurers,, who said that they were weavers and' wove th? most f beautiful material, 'which they . aloiio.were ablo to produoe; that not billy-the ooloura- .. ■■ and patterns'- of : this 'stuff: is" ' boautiful,. but tho clothes-which are prepared , . ( 1 from this material has tho wonderful spe- ;• ciality, that to everyoho who is not worthy of his office, or who is too ignorant, they are • invisible, i These arc, indeed,; the;.very he6t. _ , clothes, thought tho King..By possessing such. \ a coat I wo'uld bo able, to: know who iin niy kingdom is not lit; for his office which, he: : . holds. I woidd bo" able-to differentiate tho : wise'from tho.foolish.. Yes, .tho stuff must, immediately be woven .forj me. . And ho gavo;to tho two.adventurers a,largo sum of , ; money, in advance, in. order, that ' they.-,coiu- , moneo their work. They erected two looms, , inado , pretence as ■if they were working, but they, had nothing on the looms. ■ Yet ■in their. requirements they ,'n'ore _ very exacting,-' and- .asKed. for tho most d e hcato ' silk and the purest golden brajd. ./This put: in their own, pockets, .and -worked on. tho empty looms .to the depth-of. night. I . should like ,to know how, : much , .or .tho •cloth -is already made-, thought the King, , who was seized with ' some fear at the■thought -that ho ;; who : is l . ; ignorant, or not well fittpd:,for his- ofEco y-is;. not able to see' the material. . He. was; however, v . quite convinced that for-himself "ho need havo no fear, yet ho preferred, in the first - placo to send another person to see how tho affair'was progressing. Everyono in the city > had heard what wonderful power the material has, aud overyone, with impatience, already^wished to see how nlso his neighbour ' ' V.';':.-''' ". '' ' V :■' .'■ ' (To bo continued.) ■