PACIFIC TREATY.

Press, Volume LVIII, Issue 17414, 27 March 1922, Page 7

PACIFIC TREATY.

RATIFIED BY UNITED STATES SENATE. °NE RESERVATION ADOPTED. NUMEROUS AMENDMENTS REJECTED. o> f C»b!»—Pr»ts Association —Copyright.) (Ausirjiijji and X.Z. Cable Assbciition.) WASHINGTON, March 21. The Senate ratified the Pacific Treaty hy 67 votes to 27, along with Senator Brandegee's reservation, which was adopted by 90 votes to 2. The Senate defeated all the amendments to tho Pacific Treaty, and then separately approved the four articles of tho Treaty. The Opposition then introduced fifteen reservations, delaying the final vote. The first vote in the Scnato to-day concerned Senator Robinson's amendment to the Pacific Treaty, providing that each contracting party should retrain from entering into any secret treaty, agreement, or understanding with any other Power during the lito of tho Treaty. This was defeated by til votes to 13. Senator ltobinson will later off er the amendment as a reservation. Sonator Heed's amendment that

. :iy nation refusing to concur in any understanding should not be bound by such an understanding, was defeated by (32 votes to 29, Senator Heed's further amendments that no nation should bo obliged to do any act of war, that any signatory Power can withdraw from tho Treaty at two years' notice, and proposing to limit the Treaty to ten years, wcru all defeated.

Aii amendment stating that tlio United States becomes a party to tlio Treaty for tho solo purpose or" keeping peace and adjusting differences among tho other natiohs, was beaten by 74 votes to 13. A ttood of reservations was introduced beloro the voting began. Senator La Folletto introduced six, one providing for tile abrogation of any existing Treaties, inconsistent with tlio present one; another that no other treaties relative to the pacific should be made by any of tho signatory .Powers without the consent of the others; another prohibits tiie renewal of the Anglo-Jap-unuse Alliance during the life of the present Treaty; another states that it is the intention of tho United Statos to grant tho .Philippines independence within ten years; and another binding other, nations to respect territorial integrity. , Senator Brandegeo s reservations originally stipulated: (i) That tho United (States is not under a moral obligation to use force under Article 11. of the Four-Power Treaty, (2) that no international agreements or adjustments mado through conferences of signatories shall be binding without tho consent of Congress; (3) that if any one of tho four signatory Powers violates the Treaty the others automatically shall be released from their obligations. President Harding approved of a compromise reservation 'regarding the Pacific Treaty submitted by Senator Brandegee, reading: "The United States understands that under the statement of the preamble and under the terms of this Treaty there is no commitment to armed force, no alliance, and no obligation to join in any defence "1 .

A FLOOD OF RESERVATIONS. TREATY OPPONENTS DEFEATED. WASHINGTON, March 24. The introduction of fifteen reservations to the Pacific Treaty at the last moment delayed the final vote. Senator H. W. Johnson moved an amendment providing J;hat the signatory Powers use peaceful measures _in meeting any aggression from outside. •This was defeated by 66 votes to 26. Senator D. J. Walsh's amendment was defeated by 55 votes to 36. benator J. T. Robinson's reservation was rejected by 66 votes to 36.. Senator R. M. La toilette's reservations were 1 Senator Robinson offered an amendment to the supplementary. Treaty excluding from the operation of the Pacific Treaty the island of B«halie£ the southern half of which was held by Japan as a result of the Japanese-Rus-sian War. During a previous debate many Senators predicted that Russia would within a fow years seek to regain the island, and thus involve the United States- , n A \ Senator K. Pittman (Democrat) criticised President 'Harding for not presenting for ratification the declaration Mr Hughes made, before Bigning the Treaty, that the United States gave up none of its rights over the mandated islands, and that all domestic Questions were excluded from the operation of the Treaty. „ Senator Pittman moved a reservation giving the United States the right to decide for itself what a domestio problem was, and hence what lay outside the Treaty s jurisdiction. This was rejected by 65 votes to 28. . ' The votes approving of the. articles of tho Treaty were as follows:—Anticle I 74 votes to 15; Article 11., 66 votes to 28; Article-111., 67 votes to 26; Article IV./ providing for tho scrapping of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, 78 votes to 8. Senator Johnstons amendment, reintroduced as a reservation, was defeated by 63 votes to 29. Senator Johnston then moved a reservation that the United States assumed neither' a moral nor a legal obligation to maintain tho righU of tho other Powers in ineir Pacific possessions, and requiring Congressional as,ent to agreements under the Treaty. This was defeated by 6-1 votes.to '.' B. Senator Reed introduced a reservation that\ the United States could withdraw when any other party, in the judgment of the President or of Congress wrongly mado war. This was defeated by 62 votes to 28. Senator Reed immediately offered another reservation providing that the United States might withdraw at any tihio on a year's notice. This was defeated by 64 votes to 26. Senator Pomerone s substitute for Senator Brahdogee's reservation, providing that any adjustment reached under Articles I. and 11. of the Treaty, must he aporoved by Congress before they become binding on United States, was defeated by 78 votes to Senator Brandegee's reservation states that the United States understands that the Treaty contains no commitment to armed force, no alliance, and no obligation to.come to anyone's deSenator Walsh introduced a substitute for Senator Robinson's reservation providing for a general conference of all nations, whether signatories to the Treatv or not, whose interests were involved 'in any concern which might arise out of the Treaty. Voting Analysed. In anticipation of tho final voto on tho Pacific Treaty, the public began to l nssomble in the .galleries at seven (j* clock Fifty-five Republicans , and twelve Democrate voted for the Treaty, and

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four Republicans and twenty-three Democrats voted against it. Following on tho ratification of the Pacific Treaty, Senator Lodge urged Senate to take an immediate vote on the supplemental Treaty eliminating Japan's homeland from the scope of the main Treaty. , . , Senator Robinson, the Opposition Leader, objected on tho ground that senators had had no opportunity to study it. Senator Lodge then consented to a postponement till to-morrow. The Naval Reduction Treaty will be the next to be considered. . XBREOONCILABLES' TACTICS. (Received March 26th. 11.5 p.m.' WASHINGTON, March 25. It now appears likely that several days will be spent over a loner discussion oil the Supplementary Treaty excluding tho Japanese mainland from the provisions of the Pacific Treaty. Senator Lodge had hoped for its ratification within a few hours, but Senator G. M. Hitchcock (Democrat) produced a now sensation bv declaring the adoption of tho Pacific Treaty to be illegal since the Supplementary Treaty was .like tho codicil to a will, and ratification of the one without the other was void. The "irreconcilables" promise a sharp debate. JAPAN AND THE RESERVATION. (Received March 26th, 5.5 p.m.) TOKYO, March 25. It is officially declared that Japan has no objection to the Brandegee reservation to the Pacific Treaty, the Government regarding it as inconsequential. SECRET AGREEMENT ALLEGATIONS. PEELING IN JAPAN. TOKYO, March 24. Despite the prompt and sympathetic denials of President Harding and Mr C. E. Hughes (Secretary of State) that p. ' »erret ayeemeni/ exists between America and Britain, the continued allegations on the floor of the Senate i:re oomuiciicntK to cause ononsmes; amongst the Japanese public, and is plaeiu" the Administration in an awkward position. Politicians in Japan are equally eager as those elsewhere to seize anything to embarrass tho Government The repeated assertions tiiat : thore' is something behind the ti-atics I gives an excellent handle to the autiadministratiou jingoists here.