SHIPPING.

Press, Volume LVII, Issue 17293, 3 November 1921, Page 11

SHIPPING.

PORT OF UTTEITON. 1 ARRIVWIB. Wedneeday, Novemtoftr 2ndCalm. s.s. (6.15 a.m.), 691 tone, IWbertMn, htm Timaru. A. H, Turnbull wd Co,, s.s. (6,23 a.m.), 2484 ton®, Hewier,' from Napier. Union Steam Ship Company, a*. (10.20 . 26981 tfcnft M> Itean, from Wellington, Union Steam Ship *SSWBS£~. (10.3s 6233 tons, Jolly, from Wellington. Konsey and Co., L CmJpS!"s.s. (0.25 p.m.), 1837 tons, Sillara, from Westport. Westyort Coal Company, agents. DEPARTURES. Wednesday, KoVerriber 2nd. Katoa. <M>. (3.45 p.m.), 2484^ to«, Henda, for Dunedin. Union Steam S®p Company, ».s. (6.23 p.m.), 2598 tons, McLean, for Wellington. * Union Steam Shifc C °C»^ ll7 ».s%ao pja.), 691 fox Wellington. A. H. Turnbull and Co.. s.s. (8.35 p.m.), 124 tons, Murray, for Kaikoura. Stevenson,' Stewart and U>., agents. EXPECTED ARRIVALS. Waihine, Wellington, this day. Polshannon, Wellington, this day, Kaitangata, Wellington, this day. Mararoa, Wellington, November 4th. Wanaka, Timaru, November 4th. Kaituna, Wellington, November 4th. Remuara, Timaru, November 4th. Storm, Timaru, November sth. Taiaui, Wellington, November 6th Kamo, Wellington, November Bth. Piako, Wellington, November Bth Kaana, TimarU, November Bth. Cygnet, Titirangi, November 9th. Waiotapu, Wellington, November 18th.. PROJECTED DEPARTURES. Wootton, Wellington, this daif. Wahine, Wellington, this day. Opua, Greymouth, _ this day. Waitemata, Dunedin, this day. Port Hacking. Dunedin, this day. _ Mararoa, Wellington, November 4th. Kaitangata, Dunedin, November 4th. Wanaka, Napier, November 4th. Csiopus. Westport, November 4th. K&mona, Greymouth, November 4th. Storm, Wangaiuii, November sth. . Polshannon, Dunedin, November sth. Cygnet, Motueka, November 6th. Karma, Wellington, November Bth. SHIPPING NOTES. The Ka'toke will complete discharge hare to-day. and will then lay up indefinitely. The Wakatu is due buck from Wellington via Kaikoura to-morrow night. She will go on the slip here for overhaul. The Storm is due on Saturday from the poutb, and is to eail. tho same day i for Weagaflui. • . Tho Calm arrived yesterday morning from Timaru, and, after tsMkinp in general caJ = < ?' Bailed last evening for Pictou and Wanganui. Air G. B. Morgan has joined the Mararoa, as chief officer, Mr J, Green having transferred to tbo Waitomo in a similar capacity. Mr E. J. de Cirteret, third offioer of the Kaitoke, has transferred to the Wingatui in » similar capacity, relieving Mr J. Delay, who has resigned 'rom the Ukion Steam Ship Company'e servico. • . Mr W. E. Wisgins has joined the Kaiapoi as third engineer, in place of Mr P. Palmer. Captain Robertson, of the Calm, hao gone oa holiday, and is being relieved by Captain Nicholson. The Kanna ia expected to arrive from Dunedin via Timaru on Tu®sd%y. Shß load hero for New Plymouth, Weetport, and Greymouth, and is to sail via Wellington. The Kaituna, with cargo from Adelaide and Edithburg, is due to-morrow. She is to Mil for Auckland direct to-morrow night to discharge the balance of her Australian cargo, and «Jje will ulso take cargo from LytteltoO. . The Port Hacking arrived yesterday morning to discharge New York cargo, feha i» to sail for Dunedin this afternoon. . The PokhanDon is due this morning iroja Wellington to discharge 20.000 oases of benzine. She eliould get away from her® on Saturday for Dunedin. The U.S. and A lin»r Eastern Moon was to have left New York about October 22fld for Wellington, Lyttelton, Bluff, and Australian E.S. A. eteamer Maiiia, which left Cardiff on September 34th, reached Auckland at. noon on Tuesday. She ia to discharge coal there.,

The New Zealand Shipping Company adyise that the Otarama, ©n route to Australia, arrived at Durban on October 27th. She resumed hfir voyage tho following day. VESSELS WITHIN WIRELESS RANGE' OF NEW ZEALAND. | Awanul—Atholl, Mahono, Rona. ! Auckland—Wingatui, Matakana., Ngakuta, Canadian Conqueror. Wellington—Pokhannou, Marama, Hal tuns, Eoromiko, Essex, Kait&ngata. , «» Awarusr—Paloona, Kanua, Kaiapoi, Waitcmata, Katoa, Remucra. j Chatham Islands—Suffolk. PITS MILES UNDER THE SEA. | Deep-sea sounding of late years has become a very exact science. No idea of the difficulties involved oan be. gathered simply by watching a vessel sounding ofl our shallow coasts (writes o- marine engineer to a London paper). It is when a ship reaohos the ocean, thousand# of miles from land, that tba real work bcgin3. lo sink a lead to % qui to Bliallow depth is the easiest thing in tho world. But whom it come® to working in miles sailors arc brought up against a vary difiercnt problem. . . Even to-day nobody knows exactly wHsra tho greatest depth exists, for tho aimplo reason that no irestnuneftt at present invented oan reach tho bottom, in the deepest theory accredited' by scientists is thaA below a oertain depth sdlid matter refugee to sink, , because the pressure of tho water is so great that epocafio gravity is over°°lt e 'ia widely hold that when ships sdmk in the deepest parts of tho ocean, they never roach ths bottom, but float about suspended ia tho water at ft depth below which thei* weight is not sufficient to take thorn. In, support of this theory it may he stated that tho greatest depth whioh has been sounded up to the preecnt ia just over live miles. But it is thought that parts of the ocean are perhaps tour times as deep and marine engineers atfa anxious to tifltl- Bom© means of proving this. In thia branch of nautical research wondterful instruments are used. , Attached to the leads of the. sounders, which weigh 70lb, audi are suspended oh piano wire, are specially constructed which close automatically, and bring up samples of tho ocoan's bed. They aro provided with a dial upon which the depth touches by the leads is at once recorded, and aro in use in ail ocean-going cablo til lips, whioh must of necessity determine of what the ocean bed consists. Time after time ships working in fax seas have seen no record of solid matter reached by reading the Bounder dial because the Jo ads are not sufficiently heavy to ponetrate 'recotds that exist at the present day m*y very soon be broken by ths Shackleton Tho gTab-sipker which thoy will use can bo employed at a depth of •seven miles. What will be found nobody can say. All existing theories may be exploded, but it is certain that some inteieevfcjf data will be forthcoming. Naturally, deep-sea sounding is essential from many points.. Fog i» the seaman • enemy. Soundings imist he taken froquently to avoid EVrmerly leads ud&L wet© smeared with tallow. Many interesting ■ specimens' ■ wfcre brought to the surface, but nothing is known of the flora, And' t'ho fauna , that exist at great depths. Hence, the constint attempts to discover better sounding apparatus. SHIPPING TELEGRAMS. SYDNEY, November 2. Arrived, Malciira, from Auckland. Sailed), Maheno (4 p.m.), for Auckland. : AUCKLAND, November 2Arrived, llataiana (noon), from Liverpool; Wingatui (4.30 p.m.), from Napier. WELLINGTON, November 2. Arrived, Ngahere (1.30 aja.), from Gitfborne'; Wahine (7 a.m.), from LytWton; Koromiko a 0.15 a.m.) from Westport: Karatnu (12.85 p.trc) from Lyttelton; Kaituna (2.15 p.m.), from New Plymouth; Rama (4.*45 p.m. J, from. Lyttelton. Sailed, Rubi Seddon (5 p.m.), for westport; Polshannon (5.10 p.m.), for Lyttelton; Wabine (7.50 p.m.), fr Lyttelton j Komats (9.45 p.m.), lor Westport. SHIPPING NOTES FROM HOME. HARLAND AND WOLFF'S 810 DEAL. (frojz que own coaaEsroKDENT.) 1 LONDON, September 20. Th» kjnouot of business passing from day to day or> shipping exchanges throughout Great Britain is meagre ia the extreme, and,, in the circumstances, owners may perhaps be pardoned' for talking about laying up their .vessels again. This would increase alill further tho serious unemployment am otK seameiv, sud it is to be htfpod that the coming months will bring along a revival in chartering interest. Rumoure huve been current .that further large contractshad been placed for Welsh coal to the Argentine, but those who should know deny this, and deplore the bad impression created by the circulation of reports whioh suggest that a largo business is being done when trade is really very slack. Vast New Thames Shipyard. Something approaching the old-time shiprepairing prosperity 011 the Thames may bo hoped for. Negotiations have been proceding lor several months between the areat Belfast shipbuilding firm of Harland iad Wollf and' tho Port of London Authority, under which tho firm arc to take over practically all the repair work and plant of the Authfititv. Tiiey arc now eomploted, and an arrangement has been signed, ar.d representatives of tho firm are preparing to take possession and control. Now buildings aro to be erected in place of some o» the leAs useful structures at present in use. Consider&bi*' * qaricr of a million to ba spent cm this work alone. The arrangements ia<?itide the taking over on lease of Bites on the Authority's property, both the docks and on tho riverside, us well as the existing shops. Engineering as well m ehip- r epairinj estabiishmenta will bo stortfid and the whole of the work required br the' Authority will be executed by the firm 011 a percentage basis of «wt and profit Repairing work that would in the ordinary way be executed on the river is now sevt some even to Holland. The establishments are 1* London Surrey Docks East axd West India Doclu, Port o! Lotcod wharf works, Viotona Dock works, Pontoon Dock works,. North Woolwich works, Tilbury Dock works The t«iin" over of these undertakings by Hessrs Upland and Wolff is an en.;ent of tremendous significance to London in general, »e-J tlie great labour market of the L&d ju particular. . _ New White Star Liner. The 'White Star Line huve just in ooamission the Arabic, of which much has been heard lately owing to incidents anamg out of the joiners' fctnke. She laj at Southampton waiting refitting frsm November 1920, until ths heginniirg of August la«t Whor. aha eventually removed to Portsmouth, where 'JIO joiners were a{ wors. Tho WTk of refitting has, therefore, beeD carried cut in only four weeks, and she sailad for New York ket week. The Acaoio is an ex-Norddeutscher-Lloyd liner, of 17,500

tons. She was employed in the Mediterran-eao-Aautricaa trade, and, after her lirst vojMga with the White Btar 'Lime, the company will be putting her on the New York, Agores, Genoa route. She is for this trade, and should prove a useful acquisition to tho White St-r Line. Ben Tillett on German Shipping. Mr Ben Tillett, speaking at a Dartmouth L»fcour meeting, 6 aid so pre at were Germany's resouiees ond genius that, within ten ye-ars, she would bo a gre3t mercantile nation again. Elfish harbours, filled with idlo shipping, were a sinister expression of industrial failure. To-day the world wa* in a state of chaos.' British genius, which won the war, should be applied to re-building the world, not in hate, but i:i love. The country was now studding on the brink ot ruin and bankruptcy. He did not wont tlia working classes to precipitate par.kruptcy, but the r.atiot: cotiid not live without its common people. The* remedy was willing co-opera-tion between a'.i. Oil Fuel for Atlantic Liners. Armstrong, Whitirorth. end Co. have obtained tlia contract for. the conversion of the Cunard liner Berone.tria (formerly the Imparatorl from coal to oi! fuel bumiu?. She ( is the third largest ship in the world, being 8821 ft long, PSift beam, and 57ft in depth, with a displacement of 57,C00 tons. The .contract, which will prol>ab!>" take sis meet)'! to complete, will be carried out »t the Armstrong Yard, Ncwcastle-ou-Tyce, in which tho Cunanter Aquitania was recently convyted to oil fuel and reconditioned. At prevent the ship bums about TOOO tor» c.f coal between Southampton and New York, and this means four days' coaling and much dirt, ar.d inconvenience at each port. The 5000 tons of oil she would require could be pumpedi into her bunkers in six hours. In tho case of the Aquitania, it was found that the firemen employed to attend to her IC3 furnaces could bo Ttduced iiom 300 to less than a third of that number. She steamed more steadily, ar.d was on an average about three-quarters of a knot faster. TVm3 Berengaria, while under the Cuiiird flat;, has never reached anything like tho spe<d for which she was built-, 2- knots; hut it js hoped that when she sails as aiv cil-burn<jr in .lune r.ext she will equal, if not exceed, this speed. In fact, she should crofs the Atlantic at a speed of knots. The Bi?murck, now thn White Star liner Majestic, is also bciuff refitted to burn oil. so that vea.r the leading Atlantic cracks will all' bo oil-fired. Bills of Lading. Very material progress soems to havo been made at Tho Haguo during the meetings of iho Inlern-AticuiaJ Law Association on tho removal of some of tha grievances of merchants against t.ho present form of bills of lading, and it is not going too fal to that the new rules which hai?e beeu drawn up, vudjr tlie title of "Tho Haguo Ivul-M, JfiCl," will effect on bills of hiding simitar stabilisation and uniformity as the YorkAjitwerp rules do for general average. Tlib rulos are based on tho Harter Act passed by Uie United States in- 1893; Australia followed America's example ty legislating on this subject in 190-t, when the Australian Sea Carriage of Goods Acts was passed. New Zealand passed somewhat aimilar lefislation in 1908 and 1311, and' the Canadian Water Carriage of Goods Act wis passed in 1910. It will bo recollected that when this question was examined by tho Imperial Shipping Committeo they reported last February that legislation on tho subject should follow on tho lines of tho last-named Ait. | The Maritime Law Odnnmibtee of the Intarnationul Law Association appear to- have carried through, a, successful compromise, which -will a«ut that shipowners will accept some of this risks, and not contract out of them entirely. ■ There _ still remains the task of securing tho general adoption of the new ruled. This, however, with goodwill, is only likelT to be a question oi time, when & thorny subject will have been diapo«ed of by agreement rather than legislation—a Mays tho better course where commercial interests are involved. —=t T=T= DAILY MEMORANDA—ITiursday, Nov.. 3. AUCTIONS. H. B. Sorenflen, in his Yards, at 11—•Building' MateriaJa Jones, McCrostie Company, Ltd., on the premises, Papanui, at 12—Furnitwe, eto. « I ■■