ACTIVE VOLCANOES.

Press, Volume LVI, Issue 16851, 3 June 1920, Page 8

ACTIVE VOLCANOES.

LECTURE BY DK. JAGGAE. .

. iDi . T. A. Ja-.-.yar, Director of tho Hav/aiian A cicano Research Association, l.'cuued at the mcotinjr oi tho Institute cf (..aitorbury last on Tho .Study of. Actsva Vok-anoe-i." Ho explained that th'j luctl.jd of titudyinj; volcanoiogy in Hawaii wai3 to establish an obsecvatorv near a lava column ti> as to obtain data" whicii would bi> p.vaiiabio as to how tho lava and tho gasoti nioytd and cha.u-*od. This would Sivo to f.cjoi;t:iic rtsoaroh thy dctoimination lof the energy relatio:w under tho earth. In ! explaining a lantern tlido 01 the Martinic>yo cruptiaa in ICO2 the lecturer &aid that thj gieat lofs of life, tiiero v.as because tcience was unp;epa:ed to accept and heed UlO wajxgiven troiu tho volcano, there ware tines important phases ,in volcanic study, 'i'h.cie wore what h.appened during the paroxysm, and what happened niter. Ijo explained by aids of cliavt3 of KL'ow.iyo vo.cano in Hawaii l:ow tiltings of earth near by always preceded voleauio dioturb-' anecs in the crater. Several interesting views of the Sakurajima eruption in North Jnpati in lull were and tlw lecturer pointed out how, by h«ding warnings piven by the scicntisto, tl:o population of about 100,000 was < transfen-cd to safer localities until the volcanic disturbance was over, and except for, 45 people killed through an earthquake 111 re was no Ict?s of lifp. In concluding his address, Dr. Jaggur said that New Zealand presented a splendid opportunity lor the study of volcajiology. New Zealand was on ono of tho fjreateat volcanic baits in tho earth. This bolt oxtendad away to Samoa, and the Doctor paid a tribute to the work done at tho .Sanfoan Magnetic Obscn-at-ory by Dr. Ang-criieister, who liad mado somo wonderful pridictions and covered a good deal of mattor in ophyiies. The speaJceT feared tint- Dr. would bo called svway fi\>:n tho Samoa Observatory, .but even if 110 left tho work tho'o niv.st be kept up. Tho volcanic lava in S.imoa wbs similar to tho type of th? Hawaii lirnid lavp->. Speaking of th» Rotcrua volcanic bolt, Dr. Jaguar said that tha W.iiman'ju geyser was just tho of an eruption, and In thought a cliamber slmuld be cut out of the soft orumblintj material there and an obsei-vatory established, whore irstnments could be used to noto tho til tin;,s of the erround, the minor ea'thiunkcs, and the phenomena of gasM r.nd high tompcraturcs. 3he temjjeratui'e changes hanpening- on the ctirfaco wore of paramount importance in volcano logy. Thcro wa3 a human problem tied up, with th«» rreophyficnl study, and no place in the world was more fitted than New Zealand .to malo p, British demoiT-.tration of the efficacy of geophysics. (Applause.) Dr. Jag:.rar was accorded a vote of thanks for Jus address, and, sevoral members of the Institute spoke in appreciation of iL