CHESS.

Bruce Herald, Volume II, Issue 46, 23 February 1865, Page 7

CHESS.

CHAPTER IV. PECULIAR TERMS USED AT CHESS. Castling*. — This is a peculiar move of the king in combination with either of the reoks; it can only done once in a game. It is commonly done in order to screen the king-, and at the same time to bringthe rook into play. In castling with the king's rook, you play the rook to the king's bishop's square, and the king to the king's knia-ht's square. In castling- with the queen's rook, } r ou play the rook to queen's square, and the king- to the king's knight's square. In castling* 'with the queen's rook, you play the rook to queen's square, and the king* to the queen's bishop's sqnnre. This curious movement of: two pieces is invariably counted only one move. Check. — The term check is used only with reference to an attack made ag-ainst the king". There are three distinct kinds of check, a simple check when the king is checked only by the piece that is moved ; discovered cheek is when the piece that is moved does not attack, -but by Us removal exposes ti check from another piece ; and a double check is a combination of the two former checks, that is to say, the piece that is pluyed gives check as well as the piece that is exposed cr discovered. 'Checkmate. — When the king* is attacked he must do one of three things, first, capture. the piece that attacks him ; second, interpose a piece between his king* and the attacking piece ; third, or move to a square where lie cannot be taken. Should he not be able to do any of these three things he is checkmated, and the game is lost to him. Smothered mnte. — This is a peculiar kind of checkmate only given by the 3dnd knight. For instance : place a black king on the black king's square, a black rook on t lie king's rook's square, a black rook on king's bishop's square, and black pawns on king's bishop's knight's and rook's second squares. Now if the player of the white has a knight at his queen's 'fifth square; by playing that knight to king's seventh square, he gives checkmate; for black can not capture "the knight with :iny piece, neither can he move his king or interpose a piece, as the knight's power is so peculiar, that interposition would be of no avail. Stalemate.— When your king, without being attacked is in such a situation that he cannot be moved without exposing him to the attack of the enemy, • and you have no other piece or pawn at your disposal to move, your king is said to be stalemated, and the game is drawn. Going to queen. — When a pawn reaches the last square of the file on which, it stands, it may be exchanged for any piece lost in the previous part of the encounter. It is usual to.claima queen for every pawn . so advanced. . Doubled pawn.— When one pawn stands before another on the same file, and both belong- to the same player, it is called a doubled pawn. En. Prise.— A piece that is liable to be captured by another is said to be en prise • of that piece. '■:■■■■. Winning the exchange.— When, you gain a valuable piece for. an inferior one, you are said to win . the exchange. -..'" Gambit.— This is an Italian^ term, siguifying a temporary advantage which a wrestler g-ives to an opponent to> put him off his guard. In chess- it is a name given io ' a '.pec^liar.style of opening; the game, in . wiMfiMfirst pjajjiei* generally; -gives, his . fiv^jnenJbsome sliglit; advantage, so^liaj He

may forces to the best advantage; •''• ■" : ' -■ > '' ' ' Taking Otjmssant.^— -This is a term applied to a pawn that is moved two squares. If it passes over a square that is ccHnman-de-.i by one of your opponent's- pawns-, he ,may takeit. as -ififc had moved only one 'square. Eor instatjcey. we- will suppose a white "pawn to be on the queenls fifth square, and a black pawn on king-'s second square. Now, if black play his pawn to king's fourth square, white can take it witi* bts parwn by 'playing to king-'s sixth square. ' J'Adpule. — A French term, meaning 1 "I adjust or replace," which is used by a player when he touches a piece meaning- to adjust its position on the board, without intending* to play it. Drawn game.-— A drawn game is when .neither party can force a win. This may 'arise from six causes-: — first, when there is riot sufficient force to effect a mate. Second, perpetual check. Third, when a party has forces enough to check, but from inability, cannot effect it within the prescribed number of moves. Fourth, when both parties persist in playing- the same move. Fifth, when both .parties are left with equal forces. Sixth, when stalemate talces place. In our next chapter --ye shall give the standard rules of the game.