The Evening Star: WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED The Evening News, Morning News, and The Echo. TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1890.

Auckland Star, Volume XXI, Issue 261, 4 November 1890, Page 4

The Evening Star: WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED The Evening News, Morning News, and The Echo.

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1890.

for the oanae that laokruuelßt&oeer $■■ lor too wrong that needs? realetanos, .$. For the future in the dleWnoe, And the good that we o*ffi ; 4a, :

If a foreign foe were marching through England, causing suffering and death throughout the land, how el igerly would be read every telegraphic mesa age describing the measures devised to a:tay his progress and save the people. Yet an important cable message relating to an enemy the xnost remorseless that mankind has to battle with appeared in our columns the other eight, without attracting any particular attention. The foe we refer to is consumption, which destroys its tens of thousands—in the early bklossom and the lull prime of manhood and womanhood—every year in the United Kingdom, and which mows down, hundreds of valuable lives arcaually in this and every Australasian colony. !

"A-few y earg a g o professor Tyttdall published in England a paper directing public attention tor the diecorery oi the

bacillus of tuberculosis, or consumption, by Dr. Robert Koch, a German professor who had attained considerable eminence in consequence of his contributions to the world's stock of knowledge regarding those minute organisms which havdiof late years become identified with the origin of various forms of disease. To M. Pasteur rather than Dr. Koch must be awarded the distinction of first demonstrating, after patient investigation and experiment, the relations existing between microbes and several malignant epidemic diseases. The discovery of these germs was indeed due to earlier scientists, but Pasteur systematically applied himself to the study of these organisms, with the object of discovering an agent powerful enough to counteract their baneful influence. Taking his cue from the pathologic effect of vaccination as a remedy for small-pox, M. Pasteur directed his efforts to the production of an attenur ated virus which could be used for the purpose of inoculation. His first great success was achieved with anthrax, a disease that was devastating: the flocks of France. His mode of operations was to inoculate rabbits and other animals the virus, and at length he succeeded in producing a virus of any required degree of virulence. The vaccination for anthrax upon Pasteur's system reduced the disease from ten to one per cent, in the infected districts.

Pasteur's subsequent inoculations for the cure of hydrophobia created a more world-wide sensation. In the past five years about 10,000 persons have been treated at the Pasteur Institute with antirabic inoculations with a mortality of only one per cent., whereas the average mortality from the bites of rabid dogs is fifteen per cent.

No modern discovery was so eagerly seized upon by the medical faculty a s the germ origin of disease, and a number of diseases are now generally regarded as being caused by bacteria— notably, diphtheria, erysipelas, typhoid, typhus, cholera, whooping cough, measles, influenza, etc. Notwithstanding the evidence adduced by Dr. Koch of the production of consumption by inoculating with the bacillus of tubercle, the germ origin of this disease has not been universally accepted. It formed the subject of a very animated debate at the recent French Congress on Tuberculosis, although the majority endorsed the germ theory, and declared not merely their belief in the infectiousness of consumption from human patients, but also " that the disease can be transmitted to man from the lower animals by the ingestion of diseased meat and milk."

It must,, of course, be understood that in the case of this, as of all vegetable and animal life, not merely is the germnecessary, for reproduce, .there, must, Ji$LA congenial soil. And the strivings after a remedy themselves towards the' destruction of those conditions which favour the propagation of the disease-producing microbes. This effect is undoubtedly produced by vaccination in the case of small-pox and inoculation with attenuated virus in anthrax and other diseases,' but it has been tried without beneficial results in some diseases. The cablegram which appeared in our Monday's issue declared that Dr. Koch's researches have at length resulted in the discovery of a virus that will annihilate the bacillus of tubercle, and that the Berlin doctors pronounce the discovery more important than that boon to suffering humanity—chloroform. If, indeed, a genuine cure for consumption has been discovered, the praise bestowed upon it is none too effusive. In all civilised countries, consumption is the occasion of more deaths than any other disease, and its removal oat of the path of humanity would cause a distinct increase in the average longevity of mankind

A cable message from New York states that on their arrival at that city from Franc, Messrs O'Brien and Dillon were escorted up the harbour by. several steamers which carried delegates from various societies. They met with aa enthusiastic welcome oa landing. Mr Dillon urges Americans not to eend relief to Ireland just at present. The Governor and Mayor of New York welcomed Mesere O'Brien and Dillon on their arrival. The manifesto iaeued by them re-aeserts their loyalty to Mr Parnell. They adviie Americans not to contribute to the Irish 'famine fund whilst food is being exported from Ireland, otherwise the Tories will not remit rente. They maintain that the alleged distress in Ireland is bogus.

The monthly meeting of the Auckland UniTorsity Council was held yesterday afternoon, the. following menibeje being present:—Sir Maurice O'Rorke (presiding), His Worship the Mayor (Mr J. H, Upton), Colonel Haultain, Biahop Oowie, Me»ire Biilworth, E. Heakefch, R. Udy, J. Dil•worth, Rer. A» Reid. The Council, went into committee to comider a request from the Taupiri Reserve Colliery Company for relief in respect of their lease. It was eventually agreed " That the Council agrees to reduce their rent (£530 per annum) by one third from October laat, for a periodof five years, provided that arrears of rent and royalty be paid by December 31et, 1890, and thai> the Company be requested to inform the Council whether they are prepared to ■ign the extended lease." It was also resolved that steps be taken to obtain the necessary powers. It was agreed to hold the examination for the second year scholarships in music during the present month, and owing to the state of funds, it was decided that neither a Sinclair nor a Gillies scholarship be offered next year. The resignation of Professor Posriett was accepted, and it was agreed to cable to England for a successor. .

. On Sunday morning last an elderly man naived James Scott met with a painful acdenfe. in Albert-street. Scott, who is a widower, was in charge of the building formerly known as the Clanricarde Hotel. About four o'clock in the morning be thought he beard somebody breaking panes of glass, and went outside to investigate the'occurrence. In doing so he fell on the footpath * and broke" x hie- thigh,- and Constable Ward had him conveyed to the Hospital, where he is now iargfad at-

An ardent supporter of Sir George Grey suggested at the meeting of Liberals last night that the Committee should ask that veteran, leader to nominate his followers, and they pledge themselves to return the candidates earned. The meeting did not, however, adopt the suggestion.

A most disgraceful piece of vandalism has been reported us having occurred id the Symondo-streefe Cemetery, Several weeks ago the relatives of a person deceased went to come expense and very considerable trouble beautifying * grave planting it with choice flowers, and in other ways adorning it with evidences of loving remembrance of him whom they were letb to mourn. On returning a few days after, they found that the plants had been uprooted and taken away, and were put to the trouble of going over the whole oi their work again. No sooner had they left the grave, thus beautified a second time, however, than they were informed that the whole of their labour had again been rendered naught, that a boy had been seen in the act of stealing the plants from the grave. Not only this, but the grave fence, which had been newly painted, was disgracefully disfigured by the intruder, black paint having been smudged over white, and the general appearance of the memorial sadly injured. Should the perpetrator of this offence, or other offences of this kind, be discovered,* it is to be hoped they will, be so punished as to have a salutary effect generally.

A dastardly outrage was perpetrated early this morning upon a poor widow living in the Mount Eden district* She is a poor washerwoman, who honestly supports her 6 children, and at 1 a.m. this morning some mean rascal threw several big stones through her windows, smashing them and causing great anxiety to her and little children. The matter is in tbe hands of the police, and we trust tbe offender will'be brought before the Court,

There was a fanny scene at the Police Station yesterday when To Mabuki and bfc. party squatted to dinner during , the adjournment. Tea and potatoes were supplied by the bucketful, and a constable officiated as mine hoet> for the dusky group. When the repast was concluded, one big Maori rose to hie feet, and placing hie hands in the region of his stomach, looked heavenward and said, " Kapai/

A barn and stable belonging to Mr Henry Wright, of Hunua, was destroyed recently by fire. Mr Wright abates he had just left the building: and was riding away, when, looking backwards, he noticed that it was on fire. _ He promptly returned, and with the assistance of his wife and family sue* ceeded in savin? a quantity of farming implements. Mr Wright estimates fait lose at £200, as the building and contents were uninsured. The origin of the fire is unexplained.

The directors of the National Insurance Company, in submitting their 16th annual report, state that the profit for the year, including balance from last year, amounted to £15,019 3s sd, from which has to be deducted the interim dividend paid in March. They recommend the payment of » dividend of 10 per cent, per annum for the halfyear, absorbing £4.901 17s 6d, leaving £5,215 8s 5d to be carried forward.

To the Editor': may be interesting to the general public as well as to the members of the teaching profeeaion to know that the Otago branch of the New Zealand Educational Institute is sending circulars k> Otago Parliamentary candidates asking opinion on :—(1) Raising school age to seven years; (2) Private Schools Bill (Pyke); (3) limiting education to Fourth Standard.—Yours, etc., Henry WOETHINQ tou, Hon. Sec. N.Z.E.I.

Two boys, of tender years, named Albert Heap, Jones and Joseph" •■ J^ f .fflsf. brought, up in the c.c. Waaaka ftbtt New ! Piymou«hf ha*in£ been eoramltttf£l>yW New Plymouth Bend* to Industrial School as neglected and destitute children, until they are 15 years of age.

A very stormy pasiage ia reported by the ketch' Kestrel, Capt. Taylor, which armed at Eaiapoi (Canterbury) a few days ago from Auckland and the Thames. Capt. Taylor saye he met with a gale on the 20th off Cape Palliser, about three in the afternoon, which drove him put, as he had to run before it,' for nearly a hundred miles. For twelve hoars the wind blew with terrific violence, lashing the sea into waves mountains high, some of which broke on to the vessel. The steering wheel was damaged, and the mainmast badly sprung. In a long experience of weather on the New Zealand coast. Captain Taylor. states he never experienced such a gale, bat the veseel behaved well. One of the hands, McDonald, a seaman, wae injetred by falling upon his side against the rail.

Mr T. Hill, local Collector of Customs, has held a preliminary inquiry into the circumstances connected with the collision of the p.s. Britannia and s.s. Ruby in the harbour on Saturday night, and has forwarded the evidence taken to the Marine Department at Wellington.

The present leseion of the Auckland Institute was concluded last evening, when a number of interesting papers were read. A technical paper on "A New Species of Spiders," by Mr A. T. Urquhart, was taken as read. Mr H. D. M. Haszard forwarded a short paper in which he gave some interesting .particulars about) the thermal springs in Lake Waikare, Lower Waikato. Professor Thomas read a paper on "Immortality in the Animal World," a synopsis of which is published in another column ; and Mr T. F. Cheeseman read a paper entitled "Notes ox a Visit to the Three Kings." The Three Kings, he said, consisted of one large island called'the Great King, and two smaller ones, known as the East King' and , West King, together with a group of small rocky islets, described as the Prince's Islands. Mr Cheeseman explored the Great King and Western King. Hβ found there a large number of sea-birds . and several new species of .plants, specimens of which he exhibited. On the Western King he found many puka trees, hitherto believed to be only found in a wild state on the Hea and Chickens, and,also a curious plant with .seed vessels so"..viscid that email birds which happen to alight on it are often caught and unable to extricate themselves. Mr Cheeseman also gave his views on the geological history of the group,, and expressed the opinion that tho islands were formerly connected with the mainland. The next meeting of the Institute will be held on November 17, when Mr E. A. Mackechnie will give a lecture on "The Study of Shakspere."

A great'many people who have lively recollections of the success of Miss Scott's fancy dress ball in the Choral Ball, will be delighted to hear that she contemplates giving another on the 13th of this month for children. The " grown upa " baring had their pleasure, it is only right that the juveniles should have an evening to them* selves. Children look pretty at all times, especially at dances, but they are always especially delightful to look at when in fancy dress. They are sodelighted with themselves and their tine clothes that it is one of the prettiest sights in the world to Watch them. In the case in point the ball will be especially pretty, It will nob be overcrowded, and there will be some Very small children present. . A cotillion, danced by mites of six in fancy costumes, cannot fail to be a picturesque affair, The elders will probably muster in force to see it.

The fourth annual show in connection with' the Auckland Poultry, Pigeon, Canary and Dog' Association bids fair to be a decided success, as the entries are coming in Tory ireety. a ; conwderable number of exhibits are expected from "WWipgton »od other portions o| f he eelonjft ' *'

The November issue of the "Monthly Record 'is to hand. It is the organ of the V.M.C.A. of this city, and is now enlarged to eight pages of interesting; readiriif. : This useful institution ban arranged l monthly to tell its numerous friends of ite doings and progress. What the ¥,M.C. A. . has done for thousands of strangers can never be recorded. It is neatly printed.' The letter from the Rev. J. S. Hill will bo read with pleasure..,

Mr Luekg, who represents the ton Kennel Club, has entered his champion "Cocker"spaniel in the forthcoming Dog Show.

The ordinary meeting of the member* of' Lodge Ara, 348, LCL* waa held lasb night in the Freemasons' Hall, Princes street, when Bro. C. C. McMillan presided. The. busiaesa was purely of a routine nature.

Mestrs Thomas Cook end Son have h»: sued a useful little book entitled "New' Zealand Peckeb Pamphlet* , for the guid»nce of touriskg through New Zealand. The pamphlet ie for gratuitous circulation' |n India, Australia, America and Europe, and the firm's object in printing it is to canst the sights in the colony to be more widely known, and to induce more visitors of thflr respective nationalities to come and see country. •' , ' ' The anniversary soiree of the Alexandra*' street Primitive; Methodist. Sunday School was held last evening; After tea, a pub" lie meeting was held, at which Mr I&, Withy presided. The annual report read' by Mr Smith showed the school io bo in a very satisfactory condition, with 310 scholar* on the roll and 27derbied teachersi Mr D. Goldie, Treasurer, in presenting the balance-iheeb explained that the eipenaei fertho pass year had been exceptionally heavy. The receipts amounted to £143 16s, and the expenditure to £167 170, leaving* debit balance of £44 Iβ 9d. The Chairman in the course of hia remarks congratulated the school on she progress it had made. Ho also remarked that be had no faith in Sfcati asaistance in matters of religion for old young, and urged strongly that religion and Bible instruction should nob be neglected in the home, Addresses were given by the Rev. Mr Cocker, Mr Smith. Sm William Fox and others, and selections b? music were provided by the choir at inter* vale throughout) the evening. ffl ITh M fc ib T

o -coan Atwerfc otal Abe4!nencs Society held a very successful and largely*, attended meeting last evening. The Ber. Dr. Hooper presided. The Chairman said at one time he held the opinion of many medical men in India that ale was e»ry to the maintenance of good ■h|)ftlfclJ i i' bat from careful'observation - vinced to the contrary, and on witness'Stogf- . the calamitous results befalling those wins partook of intoxicating liquors he some) years ago, together with Mrs Hooper, became a total abstainer. Bβ was also of opinion that though many men addicted tb strong drink could not in their own strength totally abstain, the grace of Gocl in their heart would enable them to con* quer. Mr W. J. Elliott, of the Three Kings College, delivered an eloquent and instructive address. He considered w# lived in the best age the world has ever seen, all classes benefiting from scientific research and the circulation of the Bible in every land, following this the spread of temperance literature and establishment of its principles! He rejoiced, in the altered attitude of late years of the medical profession and the churches; but though King Alcohol was wounded he was not deposed, and constant effort should be put forth, a* bad been done in the Mount Alberfr districts Recitations were pleasingly . rendered by MesSrs G. Oswald, W; J., Elliott, G. Staeef and Miss D. Ingram: instrumental mtisid by Misses A. Priestley and L. Sehnaekem berg; songs by Mr W. Aatley arid tbj Misses Battley, Tbomiod, ttad. Btttifordl. ■$&„ latter encored and responded by; singing sweetlw. •*Home, Sweet Home," Mr J. Ton eon Garlick » h'eai't'y vote" of thanks was accorded to the Chairman an 4 all who took part in the programme. ';.'■' Steanoe But True.—No ill effects foftofc the use of Arthur Nathan's Packed Teas, be* cause they areblendedof thebeetTeasmeaeJi can buy; 2a and 2s 6d per lb.—(Adyx.) ,-