THE EARLY SETTLEMENT ON NEW ZEALAND.

Auckland Star, Volume XIX, Issue 219, 17 September 1888, Page 7

THE EARLY SETTLEMENT ON NEW ZEALAND.

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»*"' ' irm NdeßColUcUddwina. ; *•!■ s" iS*■ ■;:! •;_:* ■•pirst.Vessel Sent Oul ■ *^ B, W^rsXtUsn onArrlval- ;: " » »Jf o: iand, W d j Coin paii J I^rttS ntre. The Cog T# *M; °S but ode vessel, the , &**K the Company's ownership '"""^J&ingite exertions, the sMod'id Ssufpend operation. was: tho, purchase d U fa from a Mr Mitchell, l 9' d art Thought the land rSSrist 1835, and that it w*e I xrfmikau The natives adffiSoreitwaatotheradvan. Id In 1839 the Company sent B to take possession of! the. land, ggff to tfe directors that the SSW the sale was correct, riifcC s disposed <* The corn%w ISohell'fl trustees £500 for f m m\U of territory. The KS.S}? the total cost of the be secrtred ..for settlement s:;:f '".(S. The names of those most Ui! SS Campbell, Captain Symonds, IP fifiy The expenses of this Gomn/ tab w hnd and Lo"dori were 1 ' Snijto c*aoto BOCQOthia^ like £10,000; \ u«iirao ths records show, the artnngeL 1 -'rude'for tin? formation of a saceessK'i/ ittttitaont aa the shores of the Manu kau '•P 'fflOTdbuJpl^c. This Company had f« ' Btiffl-fuai'Btoti(inP of 10° *cre3 c 1' ifff illj^eii'ad £9,3so in London for land, settlers arriving, they were iHll WB from wing 'possession of the prp- ;: wtrtWhadparchaßed. ' This was owing ', ■% colony having been annexed by Great ■'i B-Ui,, jsd the former agreement with the j K^'of'Th"- land were debarred^ froip X Rfirdßßs'tech men t eight women, und three v Bi'Ta who eqaftbbed on the land, bub 2K iimplc auffereil many privations in m^ ■JN'fillcs' c c'ir°etor3 learning 5 Hpte of affaiM in Now' Zealand, they ■ I Bp^fe"o sending nny.more emigrants 2 U Bsfaraia not to-embarrass the Gpvern--2 ;g^HfJr-mijead otter individuals; but in 3 l;Hffiffiflte 3."t0il timjr ckitn to the 'I ■Blip™'"' '•? am o^ opinion that, Ivl 11; /" [\; ¥$f, Heralcl and \uoklarid ■"sJind Jfespppspcf and General Printing 1" 111"^""1''' in b!l8 intereS!fc ft I''El 'nveai' for tsie announcement1 'fiffßiifa- lfli o"du, ctct} u P°n indopondonb WJ W£Lfk Up - W the !aw ; w support! fitlp / m . am* refirrious cnar"fijT^^lk' '°'(} } any'W^Gtt to offensive M^-Jear' 'W^ 'k 3Ue^ 'a October of

the Europeans adopted when theyerecred fiplape to worship their God in. r.fle as|e(i them to pray $ha4> thew miffho b« niatiy other bh'tuclies built, in Auoklind- as well as in every dtlte^ ra*iVe tad European etetfelenjent, ■ fba fl1"8* 3??^°P .fPHRPW^ t6 the Bwhft^p^io of Hew Zealand was Dr, George Selwyn, fellow of St. Jtinn^l Ccille^e, datrifn-idge; vrho aft the: early age of 32 y©arp gays up his home ties of blood and !fMfirfehip, ahd the temporal1 advantages and prospects whioh lay open before a ttah of his abilities and family name/to come to a country| peopled \yith a savage race in the vainr expectation of. civilising the Maoria and making them Christiabat 9uri3a^, October Zilst, 1841, was tho last day be* spent at Eton, and at i Mr Edward Coleridge's house there a large j party had asaemblecl: to bid, hiai farewell.. Anibngst those present, who were then, or afterwards becan^e; famoili, were Mr Gladstone, Justices Coleiidge o,nd Patterson, Archdeacoh.Wilberforce. and J. C. Goieridge (now^ Lord Chief Justiqe of England).' Biflhop^ Selwyn <^id npfc leave England'till' nearly the end of the year,.-sailing'in tbo' ship Tdniatin" oto Dfecenibef 26ftfi, 1841, for Sydney. His parry consisted of Mrs Selwyn and their" baby (now Bishop of ilelaiiesia)i his chapla?n»,; the Roy ( Mr Cotton and the" Rev. Mr Whytehead, and thrtJe misSiotiary clargymori-4-Rev. Mr Cole, JRev. Mr Dudleyf otid Rey. 'Mr Reay.; There were three catechiats ids'a, Messrs H. F. Butbj Evans, and Ifihill, besides a school-: master and schbotmistress. A Maori lad named Rupui,: who had been taken to Eng-^ land to be educated; also returned withj Bishop Selwjr*. It is no* ndoeaaary for mo to refer further to the mission of Dr. Sebyyii. He spentj : the best portion of his life in- New Zealand, but ifter a quarter* of a century .at his work he found hq had failed to accomplisti wh'aoj through no fault of his own, he had come put in the hope Of achieving-^baniely, the civilisation and Christianising of ,shs : , Maori race. Dr. George AugUfltnits Selwyn*,' Bishop of Lichiield, died iti Entalahd oft Angrfst llthj 1877. Writing tb the '* Times' on April 17th, the Hon. W. E, Gladstone says :' It had long beeti arranged tihdfc a relation of his (Dr. Selwyn)j bearing; h|s name, should be the bishop of the new colony. (New ZeaV land); but when the time came, persons nearly connected with that relatiye offered bo 'strong an opposition $q the severance of domestid ties that he felti it morally imposiBible to per3fl\rerle.* ■ One afternoon, some thirty-six years ago^ George Selwyn,. wh4 waa then my bid; friond, appeared unexpectedly at my house iii London, acquainted' me with what had happened, and. said- that ,he could ' ndt feeai,that his name]should b'6 ftsSociated ; with a retreat from aii*arduous call of this | description, and he asked .; my opinion, J whether it would/jbe practicable and be- j coming for,h'im;: to fill'the.place. My reply j was that he could easily satisfy himself on th^ pciinfc if ;lhe iwcktildl' crops' * the park, jv.eilk to Lambeth see my friend ifrr '(novv" ArchfJeaQOb); Harrison. He waa Pp^Mdeyt-Ohajoiaini ufl4 oflnftdentia! friend of Dr. Howleyj tihe;';^ 4r6hljisß6p of Canted bury, aiid to this gentleman I •believe th^b I gave him a letter. He want accordingly, 'and, without in any manner thrustinfc biifhself forward; rasds- it 'eyident!.:tha;t:he was ready, if ifc were .the^eaire iqf.tjbat ."adr miritbl© Arcbbisliopj to isutoly the void TJie matter waß.virtually'settled as. the rd--suit of this interview with Mr Harrison, arid it was thus that ati a moment's; notice upoji the call of duty, he-tore up the'eitigrilarly ! deep roeits -which his life had struck into tho soilbf England. . , j . . Thrive itunderhis hand that he only consented to fe?cclianfeahis oblonial Sse* iop ; IbICPeGiC Bishopric of Licß- ' fljsjd at tjt>6 wish and instance specially conveyed of those authorities which for hife were, .the : highest.-—W.. E; GtAbsTONB.' j Dr. Hbcken, iii -ehe "\ of his lectures; afc the Ofcago InStitufce'.;some years ag§,■ said : 'In 1867 iT remember, Bishop Selwyn wh§n leaving these shores for his Lichfield jE>ioijeae, s.drtaft'fully deplored that some pf the missionaries bf ten aesumed an attitude J ■unwarranted by' circimstanceijftnd savouring of suspicipn. if not hostility to the j •idttjlers. .rite saidvhe did hot. sefek? t?>"et-.■! p)ain it, bdfc like a true GHri:6tian-bowed bis j head and left* the juysfcery. Jtt the hands of i "God.',, •' ■,•■ ; '-, ' : t St. Paul's Chtti'ch WttS biiilK itdM & dedl^n drafyn by Mr William Mason, who w^s afterwards the first Mayor, of Dunedin. Tjßiis puildiDg has, however, now diaapp^afeci, the jjftgitjeeviwg wpjrb^^ ijj^ Aticklaiid j haying naqeesitated^ the destruction of one | of theoid monumentsdlthd past, and Jblje"' hili on; which i(j soQonspiciiOU6ly,^tood has been cut away. ..-. V, Anyone who looks at .the map of Auck- j land will notice that the indentation of the jphore lines are namisd Commercial Bay, Officmi Bay, Judge's Bay, Mechanics' Bay, etc. As the names Wouldimply, Commercial Bay was tfaeri tbei business portion of the town, aB it is at this d.ayjfor the wharves ; the Railway Station and the lower part of '•■ Queen - street > are situated fclbere. ow3ial. JBay was tlien oqcapied by the | dwellings .ofv.tbeGpyern^ arid ! LegislativelOouncil builtting ; Judge's Bay was where the Chief Justicehaidhisresiden^e built. The eaab sido of the town of Auck- i laud was laid,out by Mr Eolton Mattliews, i ■and' the" west Tay Mr Ligaj. The former I took for his etaifcipg pojnji f>}ie centre of an I extinct volcanic mound, •K>hich K till toe i Itoperial troops left New; Zealand, was us^d i f qj. the mjlitaity, barracks, which h_ad a high i stgne wall arottnd them.., Aivund this hill I he drew several concentric circles.and these \ She divided" by radial'linesi'the whole ;pre-j | senting an appearance pot unlike that.pf :a .cobweb^ Ifc ■ja -sa|d ttijat this ! plan was I designed to please Mrs Shortlarid, who ! suggested creseebts,;' because they looked so preilty'j' anyhow it was;jokingly referred ] to by others .m i an ' AVachne plan.' vv ■ t j The second Session- of "the General - LegislF^ve, ' eouncfl of .^few : Zealand waaaJened "at Auckland on;. Tuesdayy DecinHbisf 'J4fch^lß4l, by the Governor. There were present besides himself the Han; Wi Swainson; v AttorneyG.enewi; the Hon. Geo. Cooper, Colonial Treasurer; James R. Clendon, Esq.,; WUliam field Porter,. Esq., .arid Geo. Butler rEarjV Esq- /• Ip > bis addresa the Governor : referred at considerable length to land claims, which would fnclHde the whole area of New.Zealand, and intimated that a Bill wouldv-b« brought ■in : tor, deal ■with .them. A| pflrtions pi- .His- JSxGejl- \ lency's speech gave a very gogid^ idea pf | the' poeitibn of the" colony at the-time, . 11 toake the folio wing extracts from | ■it. "He .said—"'Tor .the : general : interest j lof 'ttie cttipriy it ia i deairable-^hat vigorous I I settlements should be formed at-Manukap, iin the noighbourhood of Ta-ranaki,■;■ it the 1 Bay o|; Tslands, arjd at Hokifiriga.' Mpaps I will;immeaiatelf 'be' tafeen'ior fcompleting: an accurate survey 'of these ''districts, and for hastening the Conclusions of'inquiry.. As soon as ;-\l&m Q"^**-] can be effected each district will be divided into town, suborban, and. country I aUb^mente. -V A' portion of the Manukjiu; district will be set' apart to satisfy the claims arising in this neighbourhood and southward down to Stewarts Island. A jJorSoriol fcbe Bay of Islands and Hokianga liistricji will be :apprppnated tp claimants northwards of Auckland; |(3; if.propOßed that the claimants of knd should te allowed to select in Qrderacc^rdirjg^o the priority "of "t&eir pleims, one suburban; allotment to consist of from five to twenty acres for every huudred acres 'to which, they may bo iound'erilißed ;, tte residue^ they r will be allowed % selecty froui: the: nearest county land open for aettl^ menfc:' • Every alternate allotment whl fa reserved until Lhe eslections shall pis completed, when .. they, together wUh towft will beiu>media|eLy offgref for public competition. Population 13 chiefly instrumeDttil in giving value to land. All rho neighbouring colonies furnuh proofs that new land rises in valuo and m proportion as ; - population: is, congreg&taa int its vioiriifcy. f By"Sic plan suggested for yo«ir conaideration, the evils of_numerou6 ; 'scattered.- Bettkxo^^*Ul3?ev«vwle*.=;ta©J

claimants of land will within a reasonable nt-riocl tiecotue an avuiiuL-io m^Ke^uie wrdfciertv, and the most effectual me»ns. S P bi taken of giving to^hat proberlf a high apd rapidiy^creasiriff *ri,luß. Among th? dlaimante are many who, by the cuTtivatio! of the spit, fd fhe eStablishmentof whaling and laridipg J f l fc J a.fclo^ BV^ the erection of substantial BtiildingVh&ve proved themselves to be bona fide setters. fn addition to the land to be granted to them under the foregoing arrangements thef will be* allowed a lease at a abminal rent for such a period as will enable tiaem to reap the full advantage of thfeir lmprdvementsT of somuch pf fche larid ac tiiey, have actually cultivated, 6r ;which will fenaWe them profitably to continue the business of their Establishment. If any part of the landso occupied should at any time .be required for the purpose of forming a township it will be resumed by tho Governmen% indfeoiripensiition will be made to -the lefes^e for tjje value of hia Jease on eauifcable; I teriris.' ", .' ( '/. . , ''/'■' *' " With refferetib to the N6w Zealand Company's settlements, His Excellency said: 'Since the last meeting of,.this,Council, I have visited Port Nicßolgoil, the" site of.; the New Z<jaland Cbtiipaxifs' firs|; and | piiricipki: settiemßrit;' From the'zeal arid vigour with which the ? Company have conducted their .operations, the onterprising, eliergetic, and iridepencterit character of their settlers, and from tho natural advantages of its havbour, there can be no doubt that Pprfc Nichplbon will sooft become ai very Valiiable arid important; settleriient. From my own personal knowledge of the gdritlern^ri: selebfced "as tbi■ leSders' ;of the I Company's moi'B recent gettlementif, . 1 [should anticipate' AVith^eqtial cdufidencej the successfal establishmsnt of Taranaki; and; Blind Bay. (Neisoh); These • numerous J settlements to be for mod. Within its limits, j iiecessaiily rebd#r the goVerrimiti't Of thiscolony expensive. Frona the • natural character of the country it is probable that !it will be colbriisfed in riulrierons arid de- [ tached situations. 'Under the most favour- \ able circarnstariQes it cannot reasonably be j expected that at the outset the iiicome of a ! colony should be equal tp the expenditure, i I liave every reason, however, to believe i that no long tihae; will elapse before Newj Zealand will be independent of pecuniary aid fron. the mother country.' . ' Tli^re is brie veiy riotiiceable driiissidri in this speech, a matter which is seldom ab-, sent from gubernatbfial productions of the; present day. The speech ei^ds without anyj reference being riiade to the Divine- Pro-; vidence, and is it possible that this stereo-: typed ending was.not thought necessary at such an early period in the colonisation of the colony ? Mr William Martin arid Mr William Swainspn had, during their voyage out td /!N6ir- Zsalandj devoted them-, selves to the preparation of an ' outline of a legal system adapted to the condition of an infant colony,' bufi peing so thoroughly unacquainted.^ with' the : wants of the new coantty where there were two races so aritagonistic in every respect to each other, the laws ward Soon found to ba;uni workable, causing*gi?eat dissatisfaction to the settlers on the one sid^ wliilet they were treated with contempt by the, Maoris on the other. ;,;■> -ih:^.\i^'4: \^--;^'1-^" •■■• lr''

.■; . , ■ TEtdtTGH ON ITCH.

" Rotigh on Itch " curea skin numoum esup* tfdnS, ringw6rm.'tetter,'salt flietlm,,vfrostea feet, chilblains, itoh/ivy. poison, barbers* itcnr

T^Dunedla" Bfeftr '*■; B&ys: '-'"it We bavf received a handsomely-got-up volume en* titled 'The Early History o|.the Catholic Church in ©ce&niav' being a translation from "tißif French of c, narrative compiTcd-from thfe Jages of a diary kept. by_ the Right Rev., ohn Baptist) Francis /rompaliier. L -The came of the author and hero of the efcory ia held in respect by all classes in the Auckland distiidfcj Gwheve he speat" most of his time in New ' Zealand, and the tale of mißsionary|s",eiii;pir|>riße ■unfolded in, the Seventy oad'i'pttgefß' of this wttrk will be perused with interest not only by members of the church to ■which it is immediately addressed, But by others who can appreciate; the quiet heroism which'm those early dayy brought the best ; men to the front, andi enabled them to show the way in introducing civilisation among ithe natives of the Southern Seas. Bishop Pompallier traces the history of the Apostolic vicariate of the Western Pacific from the time he was commissioned s to the work by PofjJD Gregory;XVI1. In 1835 until his return t6 Rome in 1846; and, though the narrative simply purports to.describetho planting and growth of the Church in Ooeania.it asp contains much interesting information in respect to the oußlonis of thei people witfi whom the"Bish<fp was'brought into contact, and thus constitutes; a valuable addition fco the general literature on the subject. The, only regret oft# fedjs on peruahig the? work is that the details mentioned are presented in such a cQindpnltsd IpJfjn. Bishop Pompallier was a scholar, and naturally,.ft .man pf ominepfc ability, and it would havo bsoii pledsiiig reading had his given us more of his qwg observations on the incidents of the stirring times >vhen he first ,Befc '■', foot in this' and other parts of Oeeatiii, We must, however, wke .the book as ib ja giyen to us j p,nd, while regretbinp its' brpvity,, we aqcept Xi-, with pleasure/as a memento from'*6ne who did his best to act weli his'?parb vender exceptionally trying ciroumstawcfis. : Bishop Luck haa written an introduction to the volume, and there is a' froiitispieoe * gWing a likeness -of tho j author. The printing and binding of the volume are feucfi aB would not disgrace the i Old Country, and it is a feather in the cap of the Auckland Stab to turn out such, good work." ■:'•n." ~v, _ .; . ' "Mr. Barnes of JTew Tork," Is the title of a novel that has not a. very fomantfc sound, buffeaders ef it. will diecovep that' Mr Bai-nes of New yprk has a very eventful and far froni unromantic career. ' The plot turns on a Corsican vendetta.: In the opening chapters we have the! narrative of a 'duel.between ah English naval officer and a ypung Cprsicaiij' ip'. which ;the latter is mortally wonudcrl. TLis wieter Marina, who has been expecting him home, after a long absence, arrives all too late to seehimaliv^, and ypws a vendetta against hia slayer, -who has already berried pift to join His chip on its way to Egypt. Thenceforward she devotes her life to the "pursuiti of this; unknown murderer, as she holds .him, of her brother. By; a' curious and wellrfold chain of feven^a ehe falls in wi^h.a^liss j^iistruther and her .brother, who tiirnaiont to ;be an English officer- whom -she. had'-nursed-in'.ap ■ AleKandjian hospitali'wMther the pursuit of har ■vow had lea heir.;:: :They had there mutually fallen ia lov^; aiid thjeir love is now renewed. Simultaneously, Mr'ißarnes, who has been present at the duel, having made the acquaintance, of r Misg Anstruthgr,' after ;4n exceedingly langhaMs; episode, has won hpr love; > an^ :been -r;-. a,ccep^ed.t > : Meanwhile Marina's Corsi(?af}( guardian arid; would-jje husband has dißcovfired evidence, to: prove |^at Lieutenant Anstruther is the longsough| murderer of,hep ]brptber ; but before he has told he* this she'bbar8 r by a greiaC effort, puji away her wicked ypw and accepted her suitor's love. Count Danella, resolygd thjb the yengpaiacg $ljall be accomplished, and Marina fearfully punished, procures that the wedding shall take place in, Coftic§i 'Here the! crisis is reached. ■fttarina ha§; njjjj y§t; been! "undecej.y^(i, and ifc iq 'unpJ9J?|iftin whether her better nature will triumph . over. <her.: Coraican habits ,oi. thought; 3tho fEnglishi people suspect nothing | and Mr Barnes, who has reason to s«s pect the truth, is far away in England, 'it would "be unfair to the reader, jEmd the novelist alike tg relate the result. It is at once exciting and unexpected, and ife ia worfh while to read; the book in order to discover it.:. The str^ng^h' of; tfie book lie^ mainly in tbe plot, bat the icharacterg aria far from being ill-described, and the interest rswelj.' maintained 'tig the end. "Mr Barnps :of "<^s.w">^prk ". "\s now published in book fonrijand may behad at the Stab Offlo^, Aubkland, or ircaa ans )iooKieller^iii.thejcot<>E^i Srioe^jft,: r