Farm and Garden

Alexandra Herald and Central Otago Gazette, Issue 379, 13 August 1903, Page 7

Farm and Garden

CULOSIS. iMAim aeerff a >~*lsiH' undeoidelli No doubt tie! ■dangerirom^is v grlatly aggerated. The latest contribution on this subject is the book on tuberculosis in cattle, by Professor •Behnng of Germany, in which he-deia!la the Tesnlts of six years' iaYestigatioaa. He affirms that tuberculosis in man and cattle is propa-gated-by ideßtical|b»ciili, aad the seeming differences between the human and the

cattle bacilli result from the capacity of the bacilli to accommodate themselves to Hhe orgaaism in which they live. He says he has diaoovired a methqd battle immune afgalnittafcfealosisf which is done by vaccinating the cattle when they are young. This is declared to be m use fin. many,farms] i Last eummsr, Froieeaor Koch the original discoverer of the tubercle bacillus made two somewhat surprising claims The fiiat was that the bac;ilus which produced bovine tuber.

culoais and that which caused human tuberculosis are different from each other. Toe second, is that this disease in cattle is so different from the similar disease in man that it is very rarely transmitted from animal to maa. Therefore , the danger toman from the use ofnjilkaßd *fl an of tuberculous'aaimaUr'is extremely' slight. Tnese two claims are quite at variance with the belief common among .scientific men the last few years, and were received with much opposition, and a 'large amount of discussion and experimentation folio sved.

m y&i.Ws*^' 1 ~ wo s l t>*9sm<i to- navefeezed down tp about 0iu^on8: : Tho ©f Prngsaort •Koch that tharo is ,a-difference between |he£ bacilli producing | the sdiseafe in animals and these producing it in man ia~ generally admitted to be substantiated. Ihemaia difference seems to be, that the baciiiaj of tubercuiosia in man ~dyj9.a not bo reaaily produce "tuberculosis W cattle and is therefore with cattle apparently less virulent than the bacillus of bovine tubrrculoaxs., It is not quite settled that. thiß difference is''anything more-than a slight variation in variety, the same species or bacillus assumes when giowiag in two different localities. The majority, hof ever, appear to believeihat the diffarenfeis not very greatand not}sum%iei|tiM wairint a conclusion t*afc &i& arl |iffjr| #i 1 The Saecondicldimi'thai* tubsroulosis cannot be transmitted from* 1 cattle to man ia emphatically denied, a. number of cases have been reported, where the evidence of direct transmission from auimai to man ia bo Btrong as to be hardly questionable. Most bacteriologists are now positive in their asaertioad that the disease is communicable from animal to man. The suggestion advanced by Proressor Koch, and the evidenca brought ,out by previouajand subsequent discussion rendsrs it quitetplain that" the 4esh*aud milk of tuberculous animals are not to be loosed upon as common souicea <at human tuberculosis.. So far as adults are concerned, the disease in man ia rarely derived from cattle, but youeg children feeding chiefly upon cows' >iik are frequently affd6ted with tuberculosis from this source. This conclusion, instead of being fortunate for dairymen, is in one respect unfortunate. As long as the dairy farmer was forced to believe that the tuberculous cattle were likely to d.stribute tuberculosis he was inclined to keep his herd free from the disease. Furthermore the belief that tuberculosis is not transmissible may result in greater carelessness in treatment of the herds. Both tnese facts are extremely unfortunate. However, it is how more evident that the disease ia readily transmissible from one animal to another, and the' presence of a tuberculous cow in a herd is a positive danger to the dairyman ana to the dairy industry- What is necessary now is to inform tee f turners regarding the actual condition of herds.

CUJEUNQ SCABIES IN CAT TLB Scabies is a contagious disease ox a parasite nature. Tbe . particular ' kind which causes most trouble lives on she smlace of the eklh and gives use to great irritation and itching causing the toibite themselves. Tne disease mostfrequently appears on the side oil the nlcl and shoulders at the base of ths horns, ana the root of tfce^ail.., This been fully described in many j .iurnala auci it is suggested that the must effective method of getting rid oftSfJs jljjfppuM the animal., /Many people ai£>*Mmi3a? w'.th the dipping of sheep to prevent scab. The same kindi of trfeatmlnvfffl answer for cattle. A &jajisbl9i d|ppiag device must be consfcuctod, and that on Jarge cattle stitions ia.a jJifeuU-pjoMem,. inasmuch, as every person who owns a large number of cattle should have a dipping vocated in ttiia- the lime and wWh &M nfiK pwp^seß, verytfldCmve in curiagsoabies. V, suggested . oalpbur, twenty-one pounds, unslaked gallons*} pdUT'enodgh "waifer oh the lime to Blake it and to form a patt». , Sijlt into then place it in a boiler with about fifiy gallons of water and boii the mixture tor B^me'few.liouyß;^until the sulphur dis-appbars-'or isi'dißsblted.' W water Bheuid-'be' -maintained in sufficient quantity in the boiler and form about -ene hundred gallons, The mixture and, f* adimaut tteiiQtir'ed into %%i* settle for a few hours. The tub should be provided, with a buaghole about, four inches $o havMbmU'3Hnd»4t it is possible to have the boiler so arranged for both boiling and settling, a spijot oi outlet, three or four inches from tfie*bt<y* by means of which the clear liquor can be drained i off. fon juse witheat! ieisturoing:s te.e >aediH ment, The dipping liquid in the tanks shquld be ftbop|J.j one hundred ana eight 'degrees. u Mich animal should be kept. in .the liquid two minutes and be* pu> completely under the cases should' be Kept"'in "the dip four nunut6s >t also the animals puy he, nibbed and applying to the affected parts. AniiPs9; Pf, I* 11 a tf?fi? nd ) sW' rtk have been dipped in this solution with beneficial results, and the solution is harmless.