EXPORT OF APPLES AND PEARS, 1929 SEASON.

New Zealand Journal of Agriculture, Volume XXXVII, Issue 5, 20 November 1928, Page 352

EXPORT OF APPLES AND PEARS, 1929 SEASON.

I. CONDITIONS OF GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE.

Conditions for the Government guarantee on shipments of apples and pears made from New Zealand during the 1929 export season are as follows :

1. The guarantee shall be limited to approved varieties and classes of apples and pears packed in compliance with the requirements of “ Extra Fancy,” “ Fancy,” and “ Good ” grades. '

2. The Government guarantees to the grower a gross market price of eleven shillings (ns.) per case for Extra Fancy ” and “Fancy” grades, and seven shillings (7s.) for “Good” grade on all cases of such apples and pears exported by him in accordance with the conditions set out herein. (With respect to South American markets the gross price shall be considered to be the c.i.f. price, plus is. 6d. per case selling-charges.)

3. The guarantee shall be limited to apples and pears grown and shipped (otherwise than under an f.o.b. contract), by bona fide fruitgrowers or fruitgrowers’ co-operative societies, through the New Zealand Fruit-export Control Board or other channels approved by the Minister of Agriculture.

4. Any grower who exports any portion of his fruit crop outside the guarantee shall be deemed to have forfeited his right to participate in the guarantee with respect to all fruit exported during the season by him or on his behalf, save that any grower, if he so desires, may ship the whole of his pears outside, the guarantee without prejudice to his apple shipments under the guarantee, and vice versa.

5. All apples and pears to qualify for the guarantee must be passed by an Inspector of the Department, and must be packed in accordance with the Export Regulations, subject to the modifications and directions set out in the appended statement entitled “ Export Regulations.”

6. Payment of claims under the guarantee shall be calculated on the basis of the average gross price per case received by the claimant for the whole of the apples and pears approved under the guarantee and exported , on his account during the season to all markets, and . only the deficiency between the average gross price realized for such fruit and ns. or 7s., as the case may be, shall be payable under the guarantee.

7. Where, however, apples or pears of more than one variety and supplied by more than one,grower are exported by a joint packing company or group in its own name, the guarantee shall be calculated separately in respect of the whole of the fruit supplied for export by each grower, on the basis of the pool price received for each variety supplied by him ; provided that the joint packing company or group shall have, not later than seven days after the fruit has been shipped from New Zealand, notified to the Director of the Horticulture Division full particulars of each grower’s fruit included in each shipment.

8. The Government reserves to itself the right (a) to withhold the guarantee from any grower who, in the opinion of the Director of the Horticulture Division, is not satisfactorily grading out, and exporting separately, his “ Extra Fancy ” and Fancy grade fruit; (&) to withhold from any grower the guarantee with, respect to any variety of “ Fancy ” grade or “ Good ” grade fruit in the event of the Director of the Horticulture Division being satisfied that such grower is not shipping a reasonable proportion of his higher grades of fruit of that variety; (c) to withhold the guarantee from any grower who sells, except for consumption within New Zealand, any portion of his fruit crop without the approval of the Director of the Horticulture Division; (d) to limit the quantity of fruit shipped to any particular port should freight rates or market conditions, &c., be deemed unsatisfactory ; (e) to insist on fruit being precooled prior to shipment if deemed necessary ; (/) to withhold the privileges of the guarantee from all fruit shipped in vessels the storage facilities of which are held by the Department to be unsatisfactory ; (g) to withhold the privileges of the guarantee with respect to any market in connection with which the New Zealand Fruit-export Control Board is of the opinion that satisfactory f.o.b. or c.i.f. trade is or can be established ; (A) to withhold the guarantee with respect to any fruit packed contrary to such instructions as may be issued by the Department of Agriculture, after discussion

with the accredited representative of the Fruit Control Board and the shipping agents of the fruitgrowers concerned, calling for a cessation of packing during any specified period, owing to the lack of shipping facilities or other causes ; (i) to withhold the guarantee from any grower who resubmits fruit for export that has been previously rejected without having reconditioned such fruit as directed by an Inspector, or who resubmits such fruit other than as one complete line.

9. The Government reserves the right to re-examine and to withdraw any fruit from export in the event of such re-examination indicating that by ‘reason ■of over-maturity or other cause inimical to the keeping-qualities of the fruit it would be inadvisable to allow such fruit to be exported. All fruit so withdrawn may be disposed of in New Zealand by the owner without reference to the guarantee, or by the Government on behalf of the owner. In the latter event the proceeds will be credited to the owner, and the transaction dealt with generally as though the fruit had been actually exported under the guarantee. But should such re-examination reveal the fact that any line of fruit, through careless •or faulty packing, is decidedly below the standard required, it will be deemed not to be covered by the guarantee, and the owner of such fruit may, at the option of the Minister, be held to have forfeited all right to participate in the guarantee for the remainder of the season. '

J Note. —No apples or pears carrying more than one-hundredth part of a grain •of arsenic per pound shall be approved for export under the guarantee or otherwise.)

II. EXPORT REGULATIONS.

The regulations which follow shall apply to all apples and/or pears intended for export. APPLE GRADES AND VARIETIES.

The standard grades shall be as under : — “ Extra Fancy,” “ Fancy,” and “ Good ” grades : Apples of these grades shall be mature, sound, smooth, clean, well formed, hand-picked, true to name, and free from disease, visible bitter-pit, skin-puncture, or skin broken at stem, and other defects. Individual apples of either grade shall carry not less than the percentage of colour, and not more than the percentage of blemish and unnatural russet indicated in the appended general list with respect to each variety in the respective grades.

Hail blemish allowance to be set by the Inspector in accordance with the nature of the hail damage in the locality. Healed-over moth stings, with respect to export fruit, shall be limited as follows : “ Extra Fancy,” one sting ; “ Fancy ” and “ Good ” grades, two sfinCQ

XF = Extra Fancy ; F = Fancy ; G = Good ; HCC = High characteristic colour ; GCC = Good characteristic colour ; CC = Characteristic colour.

APPROVED FOR EXPORT TO CONTINENT OF EUROPE,

APPROVED FOR EXPORT TO SOUTH AMERICA. “Extra Fancy grade apples only shall be approved for. South American markets as follows-

REGISTERED EXPORT NUMBER.

The . registered number issued to all growersunder the Local-market Regulations will be declared to be the grower’s registered export number also. The registered number of each grower must be branded on each case of fruit exported by him, provided that in the event of any group of growers - pooling their fruit for export such group may designate its fruit by using any pool number allotted by the New Zealand Fruit-export Control Board. Likewise any packing organization to which a registered number has been allotted may use such registered number only provided that in either instance each individual grower’s fruit is shown separately on the advice-note for examination, and stacked in separate lots, so that the Inspector may have no difficulty in identifying the particular lot under examination. Should unavoidable circumstances prevent the adoption of this procedure resulting in a line comprising a large number of cases being submitted as one line, it must be definitely understood that the examination of same will be solely at the grower’s risk, and in the event of any fruit forming a portion of the line being found to be unsatisfactory the whole line will be liable to rejection.

PACKING.

Plain or corrugated strawboard or wood-wool shall be used on top and bottom of cases.

WRAPPING PAPER

Apples of the various sizes as set out below shall be wrapped in paper of the size indicated opposite each respectively :— Sizes 64’s to 8o’s (both inclusive), paper 11 in. by 11 in. Sizes 88's to 113’s (both inclusive), paper 10 in. by 10 in. Sizes 125’s to 198's (both inclusive), paper 9 in. by 9 in. Sizes 216’s to 234’s (both inclusive), paper 8 in. by 8 in. In the event of the size of the paper used being smaller than that specified above for any respective size of apples, such apples shall be double-wrapped by overlapping two papers.

SPECIFICATIONS OF APPLE EXPORT CASE. Inside measurements: 10-J in. by n|in. by 18 in. Ends: 10 J in. by nJ in. by f in.—two pieces (each planed on the outer side). Sides: ioj-in. by igjin. by -& in.—two pieces (one board for each side). Tops and bottoms: 5>in. by igfin. by > in.—four pieces (two each for top and bottom).

Cleats: ujin. by in. by tV in. four pieces (one across each end both top and bottom). - Cases made of two-piece sides and two-piece ends will be accepted provided the side boards are of equal width, and are cut or planed to an equal thickness, and that the grain - of the end boards is across the end corresponding with the greatest measurement, and that the two pieces are properly secured by means of corrugated fasteners, one close to each edge on the one side, and one midway between on the reverse side. Local timber recommended for the construction of export cases is whitepine of good quality ; but Pinus insignis, rimu, and beech timber, if well and evenly cut and used with flexible tops and bottoms not exceeding in. will be accepted. . « - Nailing: Nails used to be not less than ijin. long, 14 gauge. Nails to be spaced not more than 3 in. to 3| in. apart, and the outer nails of each board to be not more than 1 in. from the edge of board. Strapping : All cases to be strapped with a wire or steel band, such strapping to be tightly applied, and to be not more than 1 in. from end of case.

LABELLING AND MARKING.

Each end of each case of fruit intended for export must bear a label of one or other of the designs adopted by the New Zealand Fruit-export , Control Board for the purpose of designating Extra Fancy,” Fancy,” and Good grades. The marking of cases shall be in accordance with the previous season’s requirements. - • APPLES PACKED IN TRAYS. Apples may be packed in trays in a manner similar to that prescribed for the packing of pears, provided that apples ranging in size from 100 to 163 per case of “ Extra Fancy ” grade only shall be so packed.

PEARS. The following varieties of pears are approved for export to Europe :

PEAR PACKAGES. Pears for export shall be packed in half-cases or trays of the following dimensions : . x . - Half Case. ' Inside measurement, nJ in. by 4 J in. by 18 in. - Two half-cases to be wired together, forming one package. Specifications of Half Case. Ends, nJ in. by 4jin. by fin. two pieces. Sides, 19Jin. by 4J in. by -ft in. two-pieces. Tops and bottoms, 19? in. by ,5 J in. by jft in.'four pieces. Cleats, 11J in. by fin. by -ft in. eight pieces. Trays. Inside measurement of nJ in. by 18 in., with depth from 2fin. to r 3 in. Each tray to be complete with lid and label. Three trays to be securely

wired together, forming one package. Binding-wires to be placed within i in. ■of each end of the package. • - It is essential to the safe carriage of pears that the tray in all cases should be at least in. to in. deeper than the greatest width of the fruit. Abundance of soft wood-wool should be used above and below the fruit. A cleat may be placed under the lid at each end when it is found necessary to increase the depth of a pear-tray.

Specifications of Trays in Sets of Three

Ends: nJ in. by 3 in. (or 2 J in.) by Jin. six pieces. Sides: igjin. by 2 J in. by ffc in.—six pieces. Tops and bottoms : 19J in. by 5 J in. by in. -four pieces. Tops and bottoms: 19 J in. by 5 J in. by in.—eight pieces (if desired, may be in., instead of in.). Cleats: nJ in. by Jin. by fg- in.—four pieces.

In the construction of trays on the basis of sets of three to the package the following is recommended: Bottom of bottom tray and top of top tray "to be ■of two pieces, each 5 J in. by f 0 in. Tops and bottoms in all other instances to be of two pieces, each 5 J in. by in. Middle tray to have cleats across each end both top and bottom, thus requiring four cleats Jin. by in. by nJ in. ■Constructed in this way any bulge that takes place is inward, owing to the timber being' lighter than the outer tops and bottoms. At the same time any 1 such bulge is protected by the cleats, which also keep the trays apart, thus allowing for free ventilation. ' •

N.B.—No pear of a smaller size than 33 to the tray shall be packed in trays.

LABELLING PEAR-TRAYS

The same type of label will be used as was used last season . (1928), but one end only of each tray will be required to bear a label, the other end to have the shipping number stencilled thereon. After being packed and labelled, three trays will be wired together as one package of three trays, the centre tray to be turned the reverse end to the othertwo, thereby ensuring that the shipping number and other details will be shown ■on both ends of the package. After the set of three trays has been wired the wire should be' prized forward and stapled to the end board of the middle tray on both sides of each end of the package to prevent the trays from becoming displaced.

MINIMUM CONSIGNMENT

Twenty cases of any one variety of either apples or pears shall be the minimum consignment accepted for export.

* Colour showing.

Varieties. Sizes. Colour. Blemish. ’ Russet. Max. Min. Min. Solid, Red. XF, F, G. XF, F. G. XF. F. G. XF. F. G. XF. F. G. % % % % /o % % % % % % %' % % 0/ /o Hoover 100 234 252 65 30 IO 3 3 5 5 10 20 McIntosh Red 113 234 252 65 30 10 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Rokewood . . 113 234 252 65 30 10 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Tasma .. IOO 234 252 . 6 5 30 IO 3 3 5 5 10 20 Partial Red. Brighton 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Delicious . . 113 234 _ 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 10 20 Dougherty . . 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Edward Lippiatt 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Frimley Beauty 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 id 20

Varieties. Sizes. Colour. Blemish. Russet. Max. Min. Min. Partial Red. contd. XF, F, G. XF, F. G. XF. F. G. XF. F. G. XF. F G. % % % % % % % - % /o % % Jonathan 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 King David 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Salome . . - 13 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Scarlet Nonpareil 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Scarlet Pearmain IL3 234. 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Shepherd’s Perfection 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Shorland Queen 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Spitzenberg . . IOO 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5. 5 IO 20 Stark 113 234 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Worcester Pearmain . . 125 234 252 4° 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Yate’s :. 113 234 . 252 40 15 5 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Striped. Adam’s Pearmain 113 234 252 25 IO * 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Cox’s Orange 125 252 252 20 5 ❖ 3 3 5 5 15 50 Premier IOO 234 234 25 . IO ❖ 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Ribston Pippin 125 234 252 20 5 ❖ 3 3 5: 5 IO 20 Rome Beauty 113 234 252 2.5 IO ❖ 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Senator 113 234 252 25 IO ❖ 3 3 5 5 IO 20. Simmond’s Winter 113 234 252 25 IO * 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Statesman . . 113 234 252 20 5 ❖ 3 3 5 5 IO 20 Stayman’s Winesap . . 113 234 252 25 IO * 3 3 5 5 IO 20 'Yellow or Green. Alfriston 88 198 198 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Ballarat 88 198 . 198 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Boston Russet IOO 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Brownlee’s Russet 113 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Cleopatra 113 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Celo 113 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Dunn’s . . ' . . 96 216 234 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Golden Pippin 113 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Granny Smith ' 96 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Gravenstein 113 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 '5 2 IO IS London Pippin IOO 216 234 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Lord Wolseley IOO 198 216 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 McMahon’s White .. 113 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Newtown Pippin . 113 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15Parlin’s Beauty 96 198 216 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15Pioneer .. . . 113 234 252 HCC GCC • cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Stone Pippin 113 234 234 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15 Sturmer Pippin IOO 234 252 HCC GCC cc 3 3 -5 15 50 75 Willie Sharp IOO 216 234 HCC GCC cc 3 3 5 2 IO 15

Table 1.

4 Variety. Max. Size. • Min. Size. 1 . | Variety. Max. Size. Min. Size. Cleopatra IOO 198 Sturmer ... IOO 198 Dunn’s IOO 198 London Pippin IOO 198 Jonathan IOO 198

Table 2.

Variety. Max. Size. Min. • Size. Variety. Max. Size. Min. Size. . Solid Red Varieties. Rokewood 96 138 Tasma - .. 72 ' 138 • Partial Red Varieties. Delicious 72 138 King David . . 96 138 Dougherty . . ■ . . 80 138 Salome 88 138 Frimley Beauty 72 138 Scarlet Nonpareil . 88 138 Jonathan 96 138 triped Varieties. . Premier ... 80 138 Statesman 96 138 Rome Beauty . . . 72 ' 138 Stayman’s Winesap 80 138

Table 3.

Variety. Max. Size. Min. Size, j Variety. Max. Size. Min. Size. In. In. In. In. Elizabeth Cole In. In. 2| P. Barry In. 4 In. 2 i Glou Morceau 2 i Packman’s Triumph 2f 2j 2 i Josephine’ de Malines Q 3. 2 i -i Winter Cole . . ■ . . Winter Cole . . '2f 2| 2 i 2i Keiffer o 3 2 S 2 i 2| Winter Nelis .. . . Winter Nelis . . 2 t 2f 2 i 2i L’Inconnue . . • . 2 3. 21. Vicar of Winkfield o J 2 i

Table 4.