EXPORT OF APPLES AND PEARS, 1928 SEASON.

New Zealand Journal of Agriculture, Volume XXXVI, Issue 2, 20 February 1928, Page 138

EXPORT OF APPLES AND PEARS, 1928 SEASON.

i. CONDITIONS OF GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE. Conditions for the Government guarantee on shipments of apples and pears made from New Zealand during the 1928 export season are as follows : 1. The guarantee shall be limited to approved varieties and classes of apples and pears. packed in compliance with the requirements of “ Extra Fancy and “ Fancy ” grades. 2. The Government guarantees to the grower a gross market price of eleven shillings (ns.) per case on all cases of such apples and pears exported by him in accordance with the conditions set out herein. (With respect to South American markets the gross price shall be considered to be the c.i.f. price, plus is. 6d. per case selling-charges.) 3. The guarantee shall be limited to apples and pears grown and shipped (otherwise than under an f.o.b. contract), by bona fide fruitgrowers or fruitgrowers’ co-operative societies, through the New Zealand Fruit-export Control Board or other channels approved by the Minister of Agriculture. 4. Any grower who exports any portion of his fruit crop outside the guarantee shall be deemed to have forfeited his right to participate in the guarantee with respect'to all fruit exported during the season by him or on his behalf, save that any grower, if he so desires, may ship the whole of his pears outside the guarantee without prejudice to his apple shipments under the guarantee, and vice versa. 5. All apples and pears to qualify for the guarantee must be passed by an Inspector of the Department, and must be packed in accordance with the Export Regulations, subject to the modifications and directions set out in the appended statement entitled “ Export Regulations.” 6. Payment of claims under the guarantee shall be calculated on the basis of the average gross price per case received by the claimant for the whole of the apples and pears approved under the guarantee and exported on his account during the season to all markets, and only the deficiency between the average gross price realized for such fruit and ns. shall be payable under the guarantee. 7. Where, however, apples or pears of more than one variety and supplied by more than one grower are exported by a joint packing company or group in its own name, the guarantee shall be calculated separately in respect of the whole of the fruit supplied for export by each grower, on the basis of the pool price received for each variety supplied by him ; provided that the joint packing company or group shall have, not later than seven days after the fruit has been shipped from New Zealand, notified to the Director of the Horticulture Division full particulars of each grower’s fruit included in each shipment. 8. The Government reserves to itself the right (a) to withhold the guarantee from any grower who, in the opinion of the Director of the Horticulture Division, is not satisfactorily grading out, and exporting separately, his “ Extra Fancy ” and “ Fancy” grade fruit; (b) to withhold from any grower the guarantee with respect to any variety of “ Fancy ” grade fruit in the event of the Director of the Horticulture Division being satisfied that such grower is not shipping a reasonable proportion of his ” Extra Fancy ” grade fruit of that variety ; (c) to withhold the guarantee from any grower who sells, except for consumption within New Zealand, any portion of his fruit crop without the approval of the Director of the Horticulture Division ; (d) to limit the quantity of fruit shipped to any particular port should freight rates or market conditions, &c., be deemed unsatisfactory ; (e) to insist on fruit being precooled prior to shipment if deemed necessary ; (/) to withhold the privileges of the guarantee from all fruit shipped 'in vessels the storage facilities of which are held by the Department to be unsatisfactory ; (g) to withhold the privileges of the guarantee with respect to any market in connection with which the New Zealand Fruit-export Control Board is of the opinion that satisfactory f.o.b. or c.i.f. trade is or can be established ; (fi) to withhold the guarantee with respect to any fruit packed contrary to such instructions as may be issued by the Department of Agriculture, after discussion with the accredited representative of the Fruit Control Board and the shipping agents of the fruitgrowers concerned, calling for a cessation of packing during any specified period, owing to the lack of shipping facilities or other causes.

.9- The Government reserves the right to re-examine and to withdraw any trait from export in the event of such re-examination indicating that by reason of overmaturity or other cause inimical to the keeping-qualities of the fruit it would be inadvisable to allow such fruit to be exported. All fruit so withdrawn may be disposed of in New Zealand by the owner without reference to the guarantee, or by the Government on behalf of the owner. In the latter event the proceeds will be credited to the owner, and the transaction dealt with generally as though the fruit had been actually exported under the guarantee. But should such re-examination reveal the fact, that any line of fruit, through careless or faulty packing, is decidedly below the standard required, it will be deemed not J? 6 C ° Vered by guarantee, and the owner of such fruit may, at the option of the Minister, be held to have forfeited all right to participate in the guarantee for the remainder of the season. (N.B.—No apples or pears carrying more than one hundredth part of a grain of arsenic per pound shall be approved for export under the guarantee or otherwise.) 2. EXPORT REGULATIONS. The regulations which follow shall apply to all apples and/or pears intended for export. APPLE GRADES AND VARIETIES. The standard grades shall be as under : Extra Fancy, Fancy, and “ Good ” grades : Apples of these grades shall be mature, sound, smooth, clean, well formed, hand-picked, true to name, and free from disease, visible bitter-pit, skin -puncture, or skin broken at stem, and other defects. Individual apples of either grade shall carry not less than the percentage of colour, and not more than the percentage of blemish and unnatural russet indicated in the appended general list with respect to each variety in the respective grades. XF = Extra fancy ; F = Fancy ; G = Good ; GCC = Good characteristic colour : CC Characteristic colour. ' • •

APPROVED FOR EXPORT TO SOUTH AMERICA. Extra Fancy grade apples only shall be .approved for South American markets as follows :—

REGISTERED EXPORT NUMBER. The registered number issued to all growers under the Local-market Regulations will be declared to be the grower’s registered export number also. The registered number of each grower must be branded on each case of fruit

exported by him, provided that in the event of any group of growers pooling their fruit for export such group may designate its fruit by using any pool number allotted by the New Zealand Fruit-export Control Board. Likewise any packing organization to which a registered number has been allotted may use such registered number only, provided that in either instance each individual grower’s fruit is shown separately on the advice-note for examination and stacked in separate lots, so that the Inspector may have no difficulty in identifying the particular lot under examination. Should unavoidable circumstances prevent the adoption of this procedure, resulting in a line comprising a large number of cases being submitted as one line, it must be definitely understood that the examination of same will be solely at the grower’s risk, and in the event of any fruit forming' a portion of the line being found to be unsatisfactory the whole line will be liable to rejection. - - PACKING. I Plain or corrugated strawboard or wood-wool shall be used on top and bottom of cases. ' WRAPPING-PAPER. Apples of the various sizes as set out below shall be wrapped in paper of the size indicated opposite each respectively : —• . Sizes 64’s to So’s (both inclusive), paper 11 in. by 11 in. Sizes 88’s to 113’s (both inclusive), paper 10 in. by 10 in. Sizes 125’s to 198’s (both inclusive), paper 9 in. by 9 in. Sizes 216’s to 234’s (both inclusive), paper 8 in. by 8 in. In the event of the size of the paper used being smaller than that specified above for any respective size of apples, such apples shall be double-wrapped by overlapping two papers. SPECIFICATION OF APPLE EXPORT CASE. Inside measurements: 10 J in. by nl-in. by 18 in. Ends: 10 J in. by nl-in. by fin., two pieces (each planed on the outer side). Sides 10 in. by igjin. by in., two pieces (one board for each side). ' Tops and bottoms: 5| in. by 19J in. by -jg- in., four pieces (two each for top and bottom. Cleats: nJ in. by fin. by * in., four pieces (one across each end both top and bottom). j Cases made of two-piece sides and two-piece ends will be accepted provided the side boards are of equal width and are cut or planed to an equal thickness, and that the grain of the end boards is across the end corresponding with the greatest measurement, and that the two pieces are properly secured by means of corrugated fasteners, one close to each edge on the one side, and one midway between on the reverse side. Local timber recommended for, the construction of export cases is whitepine of good quality; but Pinws insignis, rimu, and beech timber, if well and evenly cut and used with flexible tops and bottoms not exceeding in., will be accepted. Nailing: Nails used to be not less than if in. long, 14 gauge. Nails to be spaced not more than 3 in. to 3 J in. apart, and the outer nails of each board to be not more than 1 in. from the edge of board. Strapping : All cases to be strapped with a wire or steel band, such strapping to be tightly applied and. to be not more than 1 in. from end of case. LABELLING AND' MARKING. Each end of each case of fruit intended for export must bear a label of one or other of the designs adopted by the New Zealand Fruit-export Control Board for the purpose of designating “ Extra Fancy,” “ Fancy,” and “ Good ” grades. The marking of cases shall be in accordance with the previous season’s requirements.

APPLES PACKED IN TRAYS. Apples may be packed in trays in a manner similar to that prescribed for the packing of pears, provided that apples ranging in size from 100 to 163 per case of “ Extra Fancy ” grade only shall be so packed. PEARS.

PEAR PACKAGES. Pears for export shall be packed in wooden trays having an inside measurement of ii J in. by 18 in., with depth from 2J in. to 3 in. Each. tray to be complete with lid and label. Three trays to be securely wired together, forming one package. Binding-wires to -be placed within 1 in. of each end of the package. It is essential to the safe carriage of pears that the tray in all . cases should be at least. J in. to J in. deeper than the greatest width of the fruit. Abundance of soft wood-wool should be used above and below the fruit. • A cleat may be placed under the lid at . each end when it is found necessary to increase the depth of a pear-tray. . . . Specifications of Trays in Sets of Three. ' Ends: n|in. by 3 in. (or J in.) by fin., six pieces. Sides : 19-J in. by 2f in. by in., six pieces. Tops and bottoms: 19J in. by 5 J in. by in., four pieces. Tops and "bottoms : i9|in. by 5 J in. by in., eight pieces. Cleats: nJ in. by fin. by -fj in., four pieces. In the construction of trays on the basis of sets of three to the . package the following is recommended : Bottom of bottom tray and top of top tray to be of two pieces, each 5 J in. by -15-in. Tops and-bottoms in all other instances to be of two pieces, each 5 J in. by in. Middle tray to have cleats across each end both top and bottom, thus requiring four cleats fin. by in. by nJ in. Constructed in this way any bulge that takes place is inward, owing to the timber being lighter than the outer tops and bottoms. At the same time any such bulge is protected by the cleats, which also keep the trays apart, thus allowing for free ventilation. LABELLING PEAR-TRAYS. The same type of label, will be used as was used last season (1927), but one end only of each tray will be required to bear a label, the other end to have the shipping number stencilled thereon. After being packed and labelled, three trays will be wired together as one package of three trays, the centre tray to be turned the reverse end to the other two, ■ thereby ensuring that the shipping number and other details will be shown on both ends of the package. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) MINIMUM CONSIGNMENT. Twenty cases of any one variety of either apples or pears shall be the minimum consignment accepted for export.

Varieties. Sizes. Colour. Blemish. Russet. Max. Min. Min. Solid Red. Hoover XF, F, G. IOO XF, F 234 G. 2.52 XF. % 65 F. % 3° G. XF. % 0/ 3° 5 XF. F. % t% 5 5 F. G. -% °/ /o .5 5 G. XF. 0/ 0/ /o - /o 5 5 XF. F 0/ - /o fo G. 0/ /o 5 20 F. % IO G. 0/ zo 20 McIntosh Red 113 234 2.52 65 30 30 5 5 5 5 .10 20 Rokewood . . 113 234 252 65 30 30 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Tasma IOO 234 2.52 65 30 30 5 5 5 3 IO 20 Partial Red. Brighton 113 234 252 40 i5 15 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Delicious 113 113 234 234 252 252 O- o_ 15 4° 1.5 15 1.5 15 5 15 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 IO 5 IO 20 5 20 IO 20 Dougherty . . 113 234 252 4° 15 15 .5 5 5 5 ■ IO 20 Edward Lippiatt 113 234 252 40 15 15 5 5 5 5 5 IO IO 20 ■ 20 Frimley Beauty 1.13 234 252 40 15 15 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Jonathan . . 113 234 252 4° 15 15 5 5 5 5 IO 20 King David 113 234 252 4° 15 15 5 5 55 IO IO 20 20 Rome Beauty ”3 234 252 40 ' 15 15 5 5 .5 5 IO 20 Salome 113 234 252 4° 15 15 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Scarlet Nonpareil 113 234 252 4015 15 5 5 5 IO 20 Scarlet Pearmain 113 234 252 4° 15 15 5 5 5 5 . IO 20 Shepherd’s Perfection 113 234 252 4° 15 15 5 5 5 IO 20 Shorland Queen 13 234 252 40 15 IS .5 .5 5 5 5 5 5 5 IO IO 20 20 Spitzenberg . . . . IOO 234 252 40 15 15 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Stark .. .. • 113 234 252 4° 15 15 5 5 5 IO 20 Worcester Pearmain .. 125 234 252 40 15 15 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Yate s 113 234 252 40 15 15 5 5 5 5 IO 20

Varieties. Sizes. Colour. Blemish. Russet.. Max. Min. Min. XF, F, G. XF, F. G. XF. F. G. XF. F. G. XF. F. G. Striped. XF, F, G. XF, F. G. XF. % F. % G. % 1 XF. % % G. % /o %• XF. % /o F. % /o G. % Adam’s Pear main 113 234 252 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 5 5 IO IO 20 20 Cox’s Orange 125 252 252 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 15 50 Premier IOO 234 234 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 .10 20 Ribston Pippin 125 234 252 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Senator .. 113 234 252 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Simmond’s Winter 113 234 252 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Statesman . . 113 234 252 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Stayman’s Winesap . . 113 234 252 25 IO IO 5 5 5 5 IO 20 Yellow or Green. Alfriston 88 198 198 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Ballarat 88 198 198 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Boston Russet 100 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Brownlee’s Russet 113 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Cleopatra .. 113 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Celo . . • • 113 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Dunn’s 96 216 234 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Golden Pippin 113 234 2.52 GCC . GCC CC 3 5 5 i -2 IO 15 Granny Smith 96 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Gravenstein 13 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 ! 2 IO x 5 London Pippin IOO 216 234 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Lord Wolseley IOO 198 216 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 McMahon’s White 113 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 — IO 15 Newtown Pippin 113 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 £ IO 15 Parlin’s Beauty • . . 06 198 216 GCC GCC CC , 3 5. 5 2 IO 15 Pioneer .. ' 113 234 252 GCC GCC CC 1 3 5 5 7 IO 15 Stone Pippin 113 234 234 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 2 IO 15 Sturmer Pippin IOO ' 234 252 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 i 25 50 75 Willie Sharp IOO 216 234 GCC GCC CC 3 5 5 IO 15 IO 1 15

Max. Size. Variety. Min. Size, Max. Vnriety - ■ Min. Size. Size. Variety. Min. Size. Solid Red Varieties. 06 | Rokewood 125 II 7? 72 Tasma 1 125 Partial Red Varieties. 72 Delicious 125 96 ( King David . . King David .. 125 125 80 ' Dougherty . . 125 72 Rome Beauty Rome Beauty 1 125 125 7 2 Frimley Beauty 125 88 Salome Salome 125 125 96 Jonathan .. .. 125 88 Scarlet Nonpareil Scarlet Nonpareil I2j 125 Striped Varieties. 80 I Premier 125 80 Stayman’s Winesap . Stay man’s Winesap .. 125 125 96 Statesman . . • • 125 :

Max. Size. Variety. Min. Size. Max. Size. Variety. ■Min. Size. In. Io . 1 In. In. In. In. In. Elizabeth Cole oJL 2j 2— o 3. P. Barry . . , . 9 1 -4 P. Barry o 1 2> Glou Morceau 2 1 . 2> Packman’s Triumph 21 2| Josephine de Malines . . 21 z 4Winter Cole .. 21 23 z 4 Keiffer Keiffer 2-i 21 Winter Nelis .. " . . 2 J 21 Winter Nelis . . 2 1 23 L’Inconnue . . . . 2 1 1 S3 ~4 Vicar of Winkfield 2 4 21 Vicar of Winkfield 2 1 2 4

The following varieties of pears are approved for export to Europe:-