FURTHER DESPATCHES FROM HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR OF NEW ZEALAND TO THE RIGHT HON. THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES.

Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1868 Session I, A-01

A.—No. 1.

FURTHER DESPATCHES FROM HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR OF NEW ZEALAND TO THE RIGHT HON. THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES.

(In continuation of Papers presented 9th October, 1867.)

PRESENTED TO BOTH HOUSES OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, BY COMMAND OP HIS EXCELLENCY.

WELLINGTON. 1868.

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DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

No. 1. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 102.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — Bth October, 1867. The 18th Regiment still remaining in this Colony, and as it now appears probable that Regiment may be left here for some time, I thought it desirable to consult my Responsible Advisers, as to the places at which in their opinion it could be most conveniently located for the service of the Colony, without any violation of the instructions issued by Her Majesty's Government regarding the manner in which the Regiment remaining in New Zealand is to be quartered. 2. My Responsible Advisers in a Memorandum, a copy of which is herewith enclosed, gave it as their opinion that the most desirable spots for the 18th Regiment to occupy, without a violation of your Grace's instructions, are Taranaki, Auckland, and Napier. 3. I have therefore issued orders that the head quarters and six companies of the 18th should be quartered at Auckland, two companies at Taranaki, and two companies at Napier. 4. I think I have in directing this distribution of the Regiment done my best to give effect to your Grace's instructions, and the wishes of my Responsible Advisers. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure in No. 1. Memohandiim by Mr. Stafford. Wellington, 7tli October, 1867. His Excellency the Governor having, at'an Executive Council held this day, requested Ministersto advise at what places the 18th Regiment, which the Imperial Government desires should remain in New Zealand, should be stationed, Ministers are of opinion, having regard to the instructions from the Secretary of State on the subject, that the most desirable posts to be occupied are Taranaki, Auckland, and [Napier. Ministers would at the same time observe that they have not asked, and do not ask, that the 18th Begiment should be retained, nor can they make themselves responsible, on behalf of the Colony, for any payment on account of that Eegiment. Eor His Excellency the Governor. E. "W. Stajtoed.

No. 2. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 107.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 11th October, 1867. Adverting to my Despatch No. 106, of the Bth October last, transmitting to your Grace a Petition to Her Majesty from John Topi Patuki, chief of the Ngaitahu and Ngatimamoe, I have now the honor at the request of my Responsible Advisers to enclose the following additional papers connected with that Petition. 1. A Memorandum from the Hon. J. C. Kichmond, Minister for Native Affairs. 2. Copy of a report of a Select Committee of the House of Representatives, dated 23rd August, 1867, on a Petition from John Topi Patuki.

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3. A letter dated 19th August, 1867, by the Hon. Walter B. D. Mantell, a member of the Legislative Council of New Zealand, to the Governor of this Colony, in support of the Petition of John Topi Patuki to Her Majesty the Queen. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure in No. 2. Memorandum by Mr. Richmond. Wellington, 10th October, 1867. His Excellency is respectfully requested to forward the enclosed copy of a report of a Select Committee of the House of Representatives on the subject of a Petition of John Topi Patuki, and a copy of a letter by the Hon. W. B. D. Mantell on the same subject, for the information of Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies. For His Excellency the Governor. J. C. Richmond.

Sub-Enclosure 1 to Enclosure in No. 2. Repoet of the Petitions Committee on the Petition of John Topi Patuki, Chief of the Ngaitahu and Ngatimamoe. 23rd August, 1867. The prayer of the petitioner is to the effect " that the House will refrain from passing a Bill " relative to the Dunedin Princes Street Reserve or its rents, or any other law of similar principle " and tendency." The case of the Princes Street Reserve as viewed by the Provincial Authorities of Otago, is •clearly laid down in the Report of the Chairman of the Select Committee upon the Dunedin and Port Chalmers Reserves, in the Session of 1865, (vide Appendix to the Journals, F. No. 2,) and the Petition of the petitioner gives a detail of the case as reviewed from his point of view, and consequently it is not necessary that those details should be reiterated in this Report. The Committee have not had time or opportunity for examining witnesses as to all the allegations contained in this Petition, but they have examined Mr. John Jones, who appears, in the year 1844, when the Otago Block was sold by the Natives of the Middle Island to the New Zealand Company, to have acted as friend to both parties. That gentleman confirms the statements contained in the first four clauses of the Petition. Ho declares that ho has no knowledge of any such arrangement as that specified in the eleventh clause of the Petition. He states that the Reserve subsequently made by the Governor, when Mr. Mantell was Commissioner of Crown Lands in Otago, contains an area more than four times the area of the two Reserves specified in clause 3 of the Petition, and which were originally reserved by the Natives, and agreed to by the New Zealand Company's Agents in 1844. Ho also, on being questioned by the Committee, suggested a plan by which the matter in dispute might be amicably, satisfactorily, and justly disposed of. The Committee are of opinion that the object of the petitioner will be obtained, if a clause is inserted in the Bill now before the House, to the effect that nothing contained in the Bill is to be held to affect or prejudice the claim and title of the petitioner and his tribe. At the same time I am directed to report that the course suggested in the close of the deposition •of Mr. John Jones appears to the Committee to be the best way of settling this complicated affair. J. Ceacbopt Wilson, C.8., Chairman.

Deposition of Mr. John Jones. Mr. John Jones deposed as follows : — About the year 1844, when the purchase was made for the New Zealand Company, Mr. Daniel Wakcfield was engaged on the part of the ]S rew Zealand Company, Mr. Symonds on the part of the •Government, and Mr. David Scott acted as Interpreter to the New Zealand Company. I was in Wellington at the time, with the principal Chief Towaki, of the Middle Island. We all five proceeded to Otago. I landed them in Port Chalmers, and I went to Waikouati and brought down to Port Chalmers four or five more chiefs. In truth, the whole tribe was on board the ship, but I mention the chiefs because they acted for the tribe. A meeting took place at Port Chalmers. The Natives showed Mr. Symonds and Mr. Wakcfield, among other reserves which they pointed out, four spots. There were two spots which they reserved in Port Chalmers, and two in the place where the town of Duncdin now is. Respecting these four, a dispute arose between Mr. Daniel Wakcfield and the chiefs. The first portion of the dispute taken up was about a piece of ground which the Natives used as a burial ground in Port Chalmers. Mr. Wakefield gave way to the Natives on that account. They then proceeded to where Dunedin now stands, and selected the spots mentioned in. clause three of the Petition, .as reserves for boat harbours, distant from one another about two hundred yards. The Natives drew a plan including both those spots, and an altercation took place between Mr. Wakefield and the Natives. Mr. Wakefield insisted upon retaining them, and would not give in to the Natives, and the negotiation come to an end. The whole of the Natives, including Towaki, went back with me in my vessel to Waikouati. Ten days elapsed, and a special messenger from Mr. Wakefield arrived at Waikouati, and I think he brought me a note, requesting me to use my influence with the Natives to return to Port Chalmers, and to bring the Natives over in order that negotiations might be resumed.

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I complied with that request, and took the Natives in my vessel again down to Port Chalmers —my object at the time being to forward the views of the New Zealand Company, and to benefit the Natives. In fact, I remonstrated with Mr. Wakefield, (at the time that he objected to give up the two reserves in Dunedin,) alleging that they were very paltry reserves, and that they were absolutely necessary for the use of the Natives. When negotiations recommenced at Port Chalmers, Mr. Daniel Wakefield gave in, and as I was acting for the Natives, I distinctly state that these two reserves were exempted from the sale of the block subsequently known as the Otago Block, and that these two reserves are those specified in clause three in John Topi Patuki's Petition. If I were on the spot, I think I could point out both reserves, within a very few feet of the limits which the Natives assigned to them at the time. 1. By the Chairman.^ —Can you account for the non-insertion of these two reserves in the Deed which was executed between the Natives and the Agent of the New Zealand Company ? —I cannot -account for it; but Captain Cargill, Agent for the New Zealand Company, some fifteen years' ago built & stone house for the Natives on one of these reserves, and in fact always acknowledged their right to that reserve, which is known as the Beach Reserve. Towaki, as I said before, drew a plan of these two reserves, and gave it to Daniel Wakefield ; this plan should be forthcoming, and if John Topi Patuki is correct, when he says in his Petition, that he and his tribe, on the demise of the .New Zealand Company, were unable to find written record of these two town reserves, then, in my opinion, the omission was designedly made. 2. As you acted on the occasion of the sale, as the friend of both parties, you are asked whether you see any way to settle the matter ? —I have spoken to Mr. Macandrew, the present Superintendent of Otago, and he informed me that he was prepared either to give the Natives a site on the reclaimed land, or, if they preferred it, he would purchase for them a site in Pellichet Bay, close to the water, and erect a brick building of the value of £500 for their use and that of the Natives of the Middle Island. Such a site and such a building would amply answer all the requirements of the Natives, and be the best way of settling the matter. 3. Do you know anything about the reserve in the town of Dunedin, specified in the fifth clause of the Petition, as having been made by the Governor of the Colony in the year 1853? —Yes. That reserve was made by Sir George Grey, when Mr. Mantel! was Chief Commissioner. That reserve contains an area more than four times as large as both the reserves that the Natives originally stipulated should be reserved for themselves ; and, I may add that, at the time of the original sale, the Natives never laid any claim to have so large an area reserved for them. 4. Will you read the seventh section of the Petition, and then state to the Committee what you know respecting the phrase, that " your petitioner was also entitled to one-eleventh of the sections " into which their lands might after their cession be divided" ? —I am quite certain that at the time of the purchase no such question as this was mooted. John Jones.

Sub-Enclosure 2 to Enclosure in No. 2. The Hon. W. B. D. Maittell to His Excellency tlie Goveenob of New Zealand. Sir,— Wellington, 19th August, 1867. At the request of John Topi Patuki, I do myself the honor of enclosing a Petition addressed to Her Majesty the Queen, by him, as chief of the Ngaitahu and Ngatimamoe tribe, and of respectfully requesting your Excellency to forward that Petition to the Bight lion, the Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies. The petitioner prays Her Majesty to exert Her Boyal authority to prevent certain claims of his tribe from being extinguished or prejudiced by legislation in the General Assembly of this Colony, those claims being, he submits, of a nature which can and should be dealt with by the judicial tribunals of the Empire. In the endeavour to restrict the allegations of his Petition to such only as seemed absolutely needful to show a prima facie claim to the consideration prayed for, a clerical omission has unfortunately occurred in the third line of the seventh paragraph of its second page. The following statement should have there appeared between the words " cancelled" and "the Governor:"—"without any " warning to your petitioner's tribe of the intention so to convey this reserve, and without any oppor- " trinity having been afforded to them of being heard in defence of their claim thereto before the " Executive Council or the Supreme Court." As the present appeal of this chief to Her Majesty is designed only to pray for Her gracious interposition in order to restrain the action of the Legislature to its proper functions, and to maintain •on behalf of that race of Her Majesty's subjects in this Colony which is not represented in its Legislature whatever protection of their rights and interests the courts of the country can afford, it has not been thought necessary therein to advert to the injustice of the Provincial Government's demand for the reserve in question —to the history of the Bill now before the Legislature—or to its repugnance to principles already affirmed during the present session in the " Private Estates Bills Bill." 1 am so unwilling that the accidental omission above noted should in the least weaken whatever force this Petition may possess, that I venture respectfully but earnestly to pray your Excellency to forward a copy of this letter to the Eight Hon. the Secretary of State for the Colonies with the enclosed Petition. I have, &c, To His Excellency the Governor of ]STew Zealand. Waltee B. D. Mantell, P.S. —I should add that Petitions of similar purport have been addressed to both Houses of the Oeneral Assembly.

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Enclosure. To Her Most Geacioits Majesty Queen Victoria, The Petition of John Topi Patuki, of Buapuke, in JYeiv Zealand, Chief of the Ngaitahu and Ngatimamoe. Humbly Shewetii, — That in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-four, with the sanction of your Majesty, the Government of this Colony directed negotiations to be entered into with the representative chiefs of the Ngaitahu and Ngatimatnoe Tribes for the sale to the New Zealand Company of a portion of their hereditary possessions, since known as the Otago Block, and containing 400,000 acres, for the consideration of £2,400. That from the lands comprised within the general boundaries of that block, certain portions at Otokau, at Taieri, and at Karoro, were withheld from sale by those chiefs as dwelling-places and possessions for themselves and their descendants. That the said chiefs further demanded that there should bo made at that time, and guaranteed to them, certain small reserves, including two at Otepoti, now known as Duncdin, namely, one near the stream which crosses Princes Street, near Rattray Street, and the other fronting a small sandy cove to the eastward of the site afterwards occupied by the manse, and the land adjoining. That on the refusal of the agent of the New Zealand Company and of the agent representing your Majesty's Government, to accede to these moderate demands, the said chiefs declined to proceed further in the matter, and departed; but after the lapse of some days, on being assured that the above reserves would bo made for them, the said chiefs returned, and the purchase was concluded. That during the existence of the New Zealand Company, your petitioner and his tribe wore not molested in such occupation as they desired of the above spots ; but on the demise of that body, unable to find written record of the making of any special town reserves, the Commissioner of Crown Lands, at the request of the chiefs aforesaid, laid their application before the Governor of the Colony, who thereupon set apart for your petitioner and his tribe a reserve in the town of Dunedin, and one in that of Port Chalmers, from lands which your petitioner is advised were freely at the disposal of the Crown for that purpose. That it must be borne in mind that your petitioner and his tribe were, at the time of the above sale, a people little accustomed to scrutinize narrowly such deeds as might be submitted to them for signature, and ready to regard as equally sacred and binding any parole promises or assurances which an officer of Government might make to them in your Majesty's name. That your petitioner was also entitled under the arrangements then existing between your Majesty's Government and the said Company, to one-eleventh of the sections into which their lands might after their cession be divided; and that although, at the request of the agent of the said Company, the officer acting for the Government made no express stipulation to that effect in the deed, it yet appears from later correspondence of the said agent that your petitioner's claim was not repudiated by the New Zealand Company. That your petitioner is not aware that at any subsequent period this claim was waived, and is confident that such waiving of this claim was never assented to by those for whose interest it existed. That it was set aside, as he trusts by inadvertence, in your Majesty's grant of the Otago Block to the New Zealand Company in 1846, your petitioner is aware ; but that grant having subsequently reverted to the Crown, can no longer, ho submits, prejudice the equity of claims ignored therein. That in the year 1862, the Government of the Colony permitted the said reserve to be let for occupation, and that the rents accruing therefrom were paid into a separate fund, and by successive Ministries regarded as funds to be expended for the benefit of your petitioner's tribe. That in the year 1865, your Majesty's representative, the Governor in Council, again formally recognized the ownership of the Dunediu Native Eeserves as still resting in your petitioner's tribe. That notwithstanding the previous action of the Governor in Council, and the Order in Council aforesaid not having been revoked or cancelled, the Governor did, on the 11th day of January, 1866,. sign in Council a grant purporting to convey the said reserve to the Superintendent of Otago. That it appears that of the rents accruing as above, there was in the hands of the Colonial Treasurer, at the time of the signature of the said grant, a sum exceeding £6000. That doubts having naturally arisen as to the validity of the said grant, your petitioner, urged thereto by the Government of the Colony, encouraged by the promise that every facility would be afforded to him to assert in your Majesty's Supreme Court the claim of his tribe to the above reserve, in the manner which he is advised is that provided by the laws of the realm for the fair investigation and remedy of such wrongs as that which he suffers, relying upon the good faith and honor of your Majesty's Government in this Colony, and believing that the abovenamed ample funds were fully available for covering the costs of litigation, has, by petition to your Majesty's representative, and by himself giving a bond of costs to a very large amount, obtained the issue of a writ of soire facias with a view to the repeal of the said grant to the Superintendent of Otago. That your petitioner learns that a Bill is now before the General Assembly of New Zealand whose effect, if it become law, would be to deprive his tribe of the funds which have accrued from the letting of their said reserve in Dunedin, and probably to render nugatory any effort which he on their behalf is now making, or may hereafter make, in the Supreme Court of the Colony or elsewhere, to recover possession of the land itself. Your Most Gracious Majesty's humble petitioner further sheweth, — That your petitioner's tribe has ever been loyal and faithful to your Majesty. That by the Treaty of Waitangi your Majesty entered into certain honorable engagements with the Maori race, which he humbly submits were of a nature not safely to be devolved upon any body of your Majesty's subjects, without strict reservation to your Majesty of sufficient power to enforce their fulfilment.

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That however, in the Legislature of this Colony, your petitioner's race have no representative, and their interests are thereby subjected to the control of a popularly elected body, not only not representing their interests, but in many respects having interests altogether opposed to theirs ; whose deliberations are conducted in a language of which very few Maoris have any knowledge, and whose laws, affecting as they do all races of your Majesty's subjects in the Colony, are rarely published in the only language known to the Maori. That therefore your petitioner submits that in all cases where the interests or supposed interests of the Is ative race are at stake, those interests should be treated with scrupulous honor and justice, and that questions affecting their rights should upon no accouut bo submitted to a political body wherein they are not represented, but, on the contrary, referred to and left to the decision of your Majesty's Courts of Law and Equity. That in consideration of the constant loyalty of his tribe, —of the immense possessions which they have peaceably ceded to your Majesty for most trifling payments, and on the faith of promises to them of benefits not even yet fulfilled, —of the deprivation, now probably past recovery, of that proportion of their lands sold which the New Zealand Company was at the time bound to reserve for them, —and of the doubt which may reasonably exist whether any legislative body, especially one in which one party to the cause is unrepresented, can, however high its character and pure its motives, deal so impartially and conclusively with a contested claim to property as a judicial tribunal, — Tour petitioner humbly prays, That your Majesty will be graciously pleased to instruct the Governor of this Colony, in the event of the Bill above referred to, or any Bill whoso object may be to decide by legislation the rights which are capable of being tested judicially, being submitted to His Excellency for the royal assent, to withhold that assent. And further prays, in the event of His Excellency forwarding any such Bill or Bills to your Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies, that your Majesty will bo graciously pleased, in consideration of the injustice and wrong which might thereby be done to your unrepresented subjects, to signify your pleasure that the same be disallowed. And your petitioner will ever pray. Wellington, New Zealand, 17th August, 1867. John Topi Pattjki,

No. 3. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 109.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 11th October, 1867. In reply to your Grace's Despatch No. 40, of the 28th June last, I have the honor to report that the " Act to regulate steam vessels and the boats and lights to be carried by sea-going vessels," has been amended by the General Assembly in the several particulars suggested by the Board of Trade. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

No. 4. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, K.C.B, to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 111.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 17th October, 1867. I have the honor to report that I closed the Session of the General Assembly on Thursday hist, the 10th instant, and I transmit for your Grace's information a copy of my speech on this occasion. lam very glad that it has been in my power to speak in such favourable terms of the present state of New Zealand. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Sir 0 eorge Grey's speech proroguing the Genera] Assembly of KewZealand, Oct. 10, 1867, vide Jour]ials 1 louse oi' H. pp. 35G, 357.

No. 5. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 112.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — 17th October, 1867. I have much pleasure in stating to your Grace, by the Suez Mail, that accounts received from all parts of the Northern Island, represent the Natives as 2

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continuing to abandon an attitude of hostility, and as daily giving fresh evidences of their intending to maintain the state of tranquillity which now exists. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

No. 6. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 113.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 22nd October, 1867. I have the honor to report for your Grace's information that I have within the last few days received information from European and Native sources, which satisfies me that the disturbances which have for so long a period prevailed on the South-west Coast of this Island, have now entirely ceased. 2. In my Despatch marked "separate" of the 3rd and 10th November, 1866, I brought under the notice of Her Majesty's Government, the services which had been rendered by Major Rocke, 2nd Battalion 18th Regiment, in suppressing the renewed disturbances which had shortly before broken out in that district. I believe that the energy and decision Major Rocke, who was in command on that occasion, exhibited in operating against and in attacking the enemy, materially contributed towards bringing about the state of tranquillity which now prevails in that part of New Zealand. 3. Since the date of these Despatches Major Rocke has remained in command of the same district, and his proceedings have invariably been energetic and judicious. Upon the whole I feel that his services have been such as deservedly to entitle him to some reward, upon the complete re-establishment of peace in a disturbed district, where he has so long commanded, and I would earnestly request your Grace to recommend favourably to the Secretary of State for War, Major Rocke's claims for such reward. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

No. 7. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir Geobge Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 115.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke,— 30th October, 1867. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your Grace's Despatch No. 51, of the 22nd August last, in which your grace briefly informs me that Her Majesty has been pleased upon your recommendation to remove me from the Government of New Zealand. 2. I request your Grace to be pleased to state to the Queen, that I present my duty to Her Majesty, and in receiving this notification of my Sovereign's pleasure, I beg to be permitted humbly to represent to Her Majesty, that in the year 1845, a rebellion prevailing in New Zealand, I was by Her Majesty's commands specially sent to this country, and that when I relinquished the Government of it in the year 1854, it was my happiness to leave it in a state of tranquillity and prosperity; that in the year 1861, a rebellion having again broken out in New Zealand, I was once more specially sent here, and that it is again my happiness, upon being removed by your Grace's advice from this Government, to leave New Zealand in a state of tranquillity, and returning prosperity, and that I humbly represent to Her Majesty, that I desire to claim no merit for these circumstances, but rather to attribute them to the blessing of Divine Providence, and to the abilities and exertions of Her Majesty's subjects who have advised me, and aided me in my duties ; and further, that I humbly trust, that the almost unanimous voice of Her Majesty's subjects in New Zealand, amongst whom I have laboured in Her

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Majesty's service for a great part of twenty-two years, will satisfy Her Majesty that I have done my utmost to promote the welfare and happiness of the inhabitants of this part of Her Majesty's possessions. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

No. 8. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 117.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — 4th November, 1867. Adverting to my Despatches No. 106, of the Bth October, and No. 107, of the 11th October, 1867, upon the subject of a petition to Her Majesty from John Topi Patuki, chief of the Ngaitahu and Ngatimamoe tribes, regarding a reserve of land in Princes Street, Dunedin, I have, now the honor to transmit for your Grace's information the further papers noted in the margin which relate to this subject, from which your Grace will find that previously to quitting my Government I have taken care that every requisite steps shall be taken for having the Natives claim to this reserve judiciously decided. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Memo, from Native Minister, Oct. 23, 1867. Memo, from G-ot-ernor to Ministers, Oct. 26, 1867. Order in Council for appropriating £400 for payment of expenses of suit for testing claim of the Natives to a reserve in Princes Street, Dunedin, Oct. 26,1867.

Enclosure 1 in No. 8. Memorandum by Mr. Eichmond. Wellington, 23rd October, 1867. Eeferring to a question put by His Excellency on the subject of the Princes Street Eoserve, Dunedin, I have made inquiry, and find that the Attorney-General advised that no appropriation by the Legislature was necessary to authorize the Colonial Treasurer to pay over the accrued rents to the grantee. He did not, however, express any opinion on the question whether the rents ought or ought not to follow a grant made under circumstances so peculiar as those of the present case. His Excellency stated that he thought the expenses of a suit for testing the validity of the grant should be borne out of the accrued rents of the reserve. That fund is no longer in the Treasury ; but it is in His Excellency's power to order payment out of other rents of Native reserves in which the claimants to Princes Street Eeserve, amongst other persons, are interested. Ministers cannot, of course, offer any objection to a payment which His Excellency's personal connection with several proceedings relating to the Princes Street Eeserve give him a peculiar right to direct. J. C. Eiciimond. His Excellency having raised the question whether any injustice to other claimants to the reserve would attend the payment of the expenses incurred in a suit by or on behalf of the Native claimants, Ministers are of opinion that no injustice would result. J. C. Eichmond.

Enclosure 2 in No. 8. Memorandum by His Excellency the Governor. Government House, "Wellington, 26th October, 1867. The Governor, in pursuance of all powers enabling him in that behalf, directs his Responsible Advisers to lay before him, for his signature, the necessary document directing the payment of the expenses of the suit now pending for testing the validity of the grant for the Princes Street Eeserve, in Dunedin, from the rents of other Native reserves, in which the claimants to the Princes Street Eeserve, amongst other persons, are interested. G. Grey.

Enclosure 3 in No. 8. Copy of an Order in Council. G. Grey, G-overnor. Order in Council. At the Government House at Wellington, the twenty-sixth day of October, 1867. Present: His Excellency the Governor in Council. In exercise and pursuance of all powers and authorities enabling him in this behalf His Excellency the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Executive Council of New Zealand, directs that to the. extent of four hundred pounds (£400), such funds as shall be necessary to defray the expenses incurred on behalf of the Natives claiming to be interested in the Princes Street Besorve, Dunedin, in prosecuting a suit to test the validity of the grant of the said reserve, made on the eleventh day of January, 1866,

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be advanced out of moneys arising from Native reserves in which any section of the Ngaitahu tribe is interested. And His Excellency the Governor further directs, with the advice and consent as aforesaid, that such funds as may be so advanced shall be repaid, with interest thereon, as shall be hereafter directed. Forster Goring, Clerk of the Executive Council.

No. 9. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir Geouge Ghey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 118.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — 4th November, 1867. Adverting to my Despatch No. 76, of the 6th of August last, transmitting a Petition to Her Majesty from certain members of the Ngatiraukawa tribe, complaining that an Act of the General Assembly of New Zealand, had excluded a block of land at llangitikei, which they claimed, from being subject to the operation of the Native Lands Court, so that their title to such land could not be judicially investigated: I have now the honor to transmit a copy of a Memorandum I have received from my Responsible Advisers, informing me that as by an Act passed by the General Assembly during its last Session, it is provided that the claims of these Natives who have withheld their assent to the sale of the block of land alluded to, can be referred by the Governor to the Native Lands Court, they propose at an early date to submit for my approval the necessary document for referring to the Native Lands Court, all claims of Natives who have not signed the deed of sale of the block of land in dispute. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure in No. 9. Memorandum: by Mr. Stafford. Ist reference to previous Memoranda on the subject of the Petition of Parakaia, Paranihi, and Rawiri Te Wanui, to the Queen, Ministers desire to call His Excellency's attention to two sections (copies of which are enclosed) of an Act intituled "The Native Lands Act, 1867," which was passed by the Legislature during its recent Session. The first of these sections provides that the claims of those Natives who have withheld their assent to the sale of the Hangitikei-Manawatu Block can be referred by the Governor to the Native Lands Court, and Ministers accordingly propose at an early date to submit for His Excellency's approval the necessary document referring to that Court all claims of Natives who have not signed the deed of sale. The Natives have been informed of the action taken by the General Assembly, in order to give them an opportunity of preferring claims. By the terms of the second section so much of the block originally excluded from the operation of the Native Lands Court as has not been under negotiation, is now brought within the operation of the Court, saving the rights of holders of land orders originally selected within the block at Manawatu. For His Excellency the Governor. E. W. Stafford.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure in No. 9. Sections of " Native Lands Act, 1867." Sec. 38. All Native land referred to in section eighty-three of " The Native Lands Act 1865" shall unless the Governor shall otherwise direct from time to time in respect of any such land be excluded from the operations of the said Act and of this Act until the thirty-first day of December one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight Provided that every such agreement between the owners of any such land or other persons interested therein on the one part and officers duly authorized to enter into the same on behalf of Her Majesty on the other part may be referred by the Governor to the court and the court shall thereupon investigate the title to and the interests in such land in the manner prescribed in the said Act and this Act and shall make such orders as it is by the said eighty-third section of "The Native Lands Act" empowered to make. Sec. 39. In any case where lands have been granted under any Act or Ordinance for the settlement of claims arising out of dealings with the Aboriginal inhabitants of New Zealand or any other Act authorizing such grants which lands had been acquired either wholly or partly in consideration of the grantees having had issue by women of the Native race and where such grantees having subsequently thereto married and had issue by the same or other women have died without having made a valid disposal of such lands by will or settlement leaving the issue first above mentioned unprovided for it shall be lawful for the Native Lands Court upon the application of any person claiming to be interested in such lands to ascertain whether the issue first aforesaid should either by Native custom

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or natural equity succeed to any and what portion of such Lands and to proceed and mako a testamentary order all in manner provided in tho sections of " The Native Lands Act 1865" relating to succession to hereditaments and every such testamentary order shall havo like power and effect to all intents and purposes as a testamentary order made under the said Act. Second Schedule. Bounded on the North by the Eangitikei Eiver from its mouth to the "VVaitapu Creek on the East by a direct line from tho mouth of the Waitapu Creek to Te Umutu which is tho north-western boundary of the Upper Manawatu Block already sold on the South by tho Oroua Stream to its mouth thence by the Manawatu Eiver to Pakingahau and thence by tho boundary of tho purchased land to the mouth of the Kai Iwi Stream and on the West by the sea coast.

No. 10. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 121.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — Bth November, 1867. I have the honor at the request of my Responsible Advisers, to transmit to your Grace the enclosed twenty-eight Acts (No. 1 to No. 29, No. 24 being omitted,) passed by the New Zealand General Assembly in its last Session, together with a synopsis of the same. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. G KEY.

Enclosure in No. 10. Meiiobandtjii by Mr. Stafford. "Wellington, 7th Norember, 18G7. Ministers submit for transmission to the Eight Honorable the Secretary of State for the Colonies authenticated copies, under the Seal of tho Colony, of certain Acts passed by the New Zealand Parliament in the last Session, Nos. 1 to 23, and 25 to 29, with a synopsis of the same. For His Excellency tho Governor. E. W. Staffobd.

Synopsis of the Acts of 1867. No. 1. The Imprest Supply Act, is an Act to enable the advance by way of Imprest for tho service of the current financial year, in anticipation of sums to be permanently appropriated, of any sums of money not exceeding £100,000. No. 2. The Coinage Offences Act, is an Act adapting to the circumstances of the Colony, the provisions of an Act of the Imperial Parliament, 24 and 25 Victoria, c. 99, consolidating and amending the Statute Law against offences relating to the coin. No. 3. The Larceny Act, is an Act likewise adapting to the circumstances of the Colony, tho provisions of an Act of the Imperial Parliament, 24 and 25 Victoria, c. 96, relating to larceny and other similar offences. No. 4. The Forgery Act, adopts the provisions of the Imperial Act 24 and 25 Victoria, c. 98. No. 5. The Offences against the Person Act, adapts to the circumstances of the Colony, the provision* of an Imperial Act, 24 and 25 Victoria, c. 100, relating to offences against the person. No. 6. The Malicious Injuries to Property Act, adopts the provisions of the Imperial Act, 24 and 25 Victoria, c. 97. No. 7. The Accessories Act, adopts the provisions of the Imperial Act, 24 and 25 Victoria, c. 94. No. 8. The Indictable Offences Acts liepeal Act. —Six several Acts of the present Session of the General Assembly relating respectively to offences against the person, malicious injuries to property, larceny, forgery, coining, and accessories and abettors, having consolidated and amended several Acts and Ordinances, and parts of Acts and Ordinances, this Act was passed to terminate "within the Colony the operation of the Imperial Acts and parts of Acts, and to repeal the Ordinances and Colonial Acts, and parts of Acts so consolidated and amended. No. 9. The Naval and Victualling Stores Act, adapts to tho circumstances of tho Colony the provisions of tho Imperial Act, 27 and 28 Victoria, c. 91. No. 10. The Old Metal and Marine Store Dealers Act, adapts the provisions of the Imperial Act 24 and 25 Victoria, c. 110, and 17 and 18 Victoria, and provides for an appeal in certain cases. No. 11. The Justices of the Peace Act Amendment Act, amends the fourth sub-section of tho eightyseventh clause of " The Justices of the Peace Act, 1866;" by making it refer to the Acts of the Colonial Legislature, in which are embodied the provisions of the Acts originally mentioned in such fourth sub-section, and which have been repealed. lso. 12. The Appeals from Justices of the Peace Act, is an Act consolidating and amending the law relating to appeals from Justices of the Peace. It provides a practice and procedure in cases of appeals on points of law only, —of general appeal and prohibitions, and contains general provisions as to enforcing decisions on appeal, and estreating recognizances in certain cases. 3

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DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW

]STo. 13. The Resident Magistrates Act, repeals previous Acts and Ordinances relating to Resident Magistrates' Courts and Courts of Bequest; declares to be no longer operative in New Zealand certain Imperial Acts, and consolidates and amends the laws relating to Resident Magistrates and the jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace in civil matters. This Act will, together with " The Justices of the Peace Act, 1866," and "Appeals from Justices Act" of the present Session, greatly facilitate the performance of the duties of Eesident Magistrates and Justices of the Peace. . No. 14. The Neglected and Criminal Children Act, adapts to the circumstances of the Colony the provisions of a Statute passed in the Colony of Victoria. It enables Superintendents of Provinces to establish industrial and reformatory schools ; defines the cases in which children, under order of a Judge of the Supreme Court or District Court, or of two Justices of the Peace, may be placed and detained in them ; enables Superintendents of two or more Provinces, by agreement, to render available for such Provinces a school in one of them; enables the collection of rents belonging to inmates, and, with the sanction of a Judge of the Supreme Court, the assignment of an infant convict; and contains provisions for the access of ministers of religion, and for visitation; and imposes penalties on permitting escape of inmates, or their absconding or withdrawing them, and gives certain forms of orders for their custody, and for .the payment of contributions towards their support. No. 15. The Introduction of Convicts Prevention Act. —A practice having arisen in neighbouring Colonies of granting pardons to convicts upon condition of their leaving the Colony in which they were serving their sentences, during the terms of their sentences, to the increase of the criminal population of this Colony, the present Act subjects such convicts, if found in New Zealand, their abettors and harbourers, to heavy penalties. No. 16. The Coroners Act, determines, so far as applicable to Now Zealand, sections 4, 5, and 6, of 7 George IV., c. 64, and the previous Acts of the General Assembly relating to Coroners, and consolidates and amends the law relating to Coroners. It extends the remedy for contempts; enables Coroner to accept bail in certain cases, to put in writing depositions, and bind witnesses to appear; and gives to verdict of jury the effect of an indictment found by Grand Jury, and to the depositions in case of death of witness the effect of depositions taken before Justices of the Peace. No. 17. The Private Estates Bills Act, gives to the Judges of the Supreme Court jurisdiction upon a copy of the petition for a proposed Private Bill, and a copy of the Bill, being filed in the Sirprcme Court, to examine into and ascertain the truth of the statements contained in the preambles to Private Estate Bills and to report thereon, and as to the reasonableness of such Bills, and their fitness for the attainment of their proposed objects. No. 18. The Bankruptcy Act, repeals all former Acts of the General Assembly with a saving of matters concluded and in progress thereunder, and adopts, with such modifications as were necessary to adapt them to the Colony, the provisions of a Bill on this subject introduced into the Imperial Parliament in the Session of 1867. No. 19. The Law Practitioners Act Amendment Act, enables the admission as a solicitor of the Supreme Court of persons who have served under contract in writing five years as clerk to a solicitor, &c, in Great Britain or Ireland, Australia, or Tasmania, and three years as solicitor's clerk in New Zealand; and subject to the discretion of the Judges as to the libraries, the application of the fees applicable to the purchase and maintenance of law libraries under " The Law Practitioners Act, 1861." No. 20. The Execution of Judgments against Meal Estates Act, provides a remedy against real estate of a debtor for enforcing the recovery of judgment debts, and takes away the power of charging estates by means of registering judgments, or any, short of a writ of execution lodged with the Sheriff. No. 21. The Deeds Registration Ordinance Amendment Act. —Some attempts having been made to obtain property, the subject of prior contracts, by means of deeds registered under the provisions of "An Ordinance to provide for the Registration of Deeds and Instruments affecting Real Property," this Act was passed to make purchasers claiming under registered deeds liable to the equities of persons claiming under unregistered deeds, or contract, of which such purchasers or their solicitors had express notice. No. 22. The Provincial Lawsuits Act Amendment Act, supplies an efficient remedy to a creditor upon judgment obtained against the Superintendent of a Province, who, under the Act of 1858, could be satisfied only out of money to be voted for that purpose by the Provincial Council. No. 23. The Bills of Sale Act, repeals "The Bills of Sale Registration Act, 1856," and "The Bills of Sale Registration Amendment Act, 1862," and consolidates and amends the law relating to the registration of Bills of Sale of personal chattels. No. 25. The County of Westland Act, separates from the Province of Canterbury the portion described in the Schedule to be called the County of Westland. Vests in the Governor, with power of delegation, all the powers at the passing of the Act vested in the Superintendent within the County, and enables the Governor to appoint a person or persons to do any act then by law required to be done within the said County; enables the Governor to define road districts and boards ; makes provision for the levying of rates, the keeping of a separate account for the County of Westland, the payment of revenues into the same, and the apportionment of the public debt of the Province of Canterbury. It further provides a Council for the County, and deprives the Westland members of seats in the Provincial Council of Canterbury. It further vests in the Governor all the public reserves and lands with the powers given by " The Public Reserves Act, 1854," and enables the Governor in Council to make regulations for the sale, letting, disposal, occupation, &c, of the waste lands in the County. A doubt having been expressed as to whether it was competent to the New Zealand Legislature to pass such an Act; and it being obvious that there should be no doubt as to its power to do so, it is requested that if this doubt is shared by the law advisers of the Crown in England it may be set at rest by Imperial legislation. Any Act

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passed with that object should also confer on the New Zealand Legislature full powers to provide in all cases for the Government of any Province, the special circumstances of which may require from time to time changes in the form of Government. No. 26. The Timaru and Gladstone Board of Works Act, is intended to relieve an outlying district, part of the Province of Canterbury, by securing to it the money to be raised by sale of £30,000, part of the debentures to be issued under certain Ordinances of the Superintendent and Provincial Council of Canterbury, and, with certain exceptions, one-fourth part of the selling price of any land within the district granted, sold, or alienated, and for these purposes creates a Board of Works with the necessary powers. No. 27. The Friendly Societies Act, repeals " The Friendly Societies Act, 1856," and makes more complete provision for the registration of such Societies, the revision of their rules, their legal status and statistics, and introduces provisions guarding against evils to which Ericndly Societies have in some instances given, rise. No. 28. The Provident and Industrial Societies Act, is intended to give to contributors of small sums at stated periods the opportunity of making trade profits on their subscribed capital, and gives to these Societies a legal status, as corporate bodies, for certain purposes. No. 29. The Building and Land Societies Act, 1866, Amendment Act, enables minors to be admitted members of these Societies, and execute all necessary instruments and acquittances.

No. 11. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 124.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — Bth November, 1867.' I have the honor to transmit, for your Grace's information, a Memorandum from my Responsible Advisers, covering an Act passed during the late Session of the General Assembly of New Zealand, intituled "An Act to alter the Salary of the Governor of New Zealand," which Act I have reserved for the signification of Her Majesty's pleasure. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure in No. 11. Memorandum by Mr. Stafford. "Wellington, 7th November, 1867. Ministers submit, for transmission to Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies, authenticated copies, under the seal of the Colony, of a Bill passed by the New Zealand Parliament in the last Session, and reserved for the signification of Her Majesty's pleasure, intituled "An Act to alter the Salary of the Governor of New Zealand." This Bill proposes to re-establish the same rate of salary as was paid to the Governor of New Zealand before Sir George Grey became Governor. For His Excellency the Governor. E. ~W. Stafford.

No. 93.

No. 12. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 125.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, —■ Bth November, 18(57. I have the honor to transmit, for your Grace's information, a Memorandum from my Responsible Advisers, covering an Act passed during the late Session of the General Assembly of New Zealand, intituled "An Act to constitute in New Zealand a Court of Divorce and Matrimonial Causes," which Act I reserved for the signification of Her Majesty's pleasure. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure in No. 12. Memorandum by Mr. Stafford. Wellington, 7th November, 1867. Ministers submit, for transmission to Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies, authenticated copies, under the seal of the Colony, of a .Bill passed by the New Zealand Parliament in the

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DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW

last Session, and reserved for the signification of Her Majesty's pleasure, intituled "An Act to establish in New Zealand a Court of Divorce and Matrimonial Causes." This Bill contains similar provisions to the laws now in force in England on tho same subject, and is a close copy of the Divorce Act in force in Victoria; but Ministers deem it right to direct attention to the fact that strong doubts have been expressed as to the position in which persons married in England would bo placed if they should, after emigrating to New Zealand, be professedly divorced under the presumed authority of the Bill now transmitted, and should afterwards return to England ; it being contended that in such a case such persons might be held to be, in England, legally man and wife, notwithstanding the presumed divorce in New Zealand. Consequently, legislation by the Imperial Parliament would appear to be required with a yiow to the determination of doubts with respect to a question of such great importance. For His Excellency the Governor. E. W. Staffoed.

No. 13. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 126.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke, — 13th November, 1867. I have the honor to transmit copies of a correspondence relative to the sale, by Military authorities, of certain buildings at Tauranga, the property of the Colonial Government; and I have the honor to request that your Grace will be good enough to bring the matter under the notice of the Secretary of State for War, with a view to the repayment to the Colonial Treasury of the amount for which the buildings were sold. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure 1 in No. 13. The Assistant Militaet Seoeetaet to Mr. 11. T. Claeke. (No. 5013.) Sib, — Head Quarters, Auckland, 6th May, 1867. In reply to your letter of the 23rd ultimo, addressed to the Major-General Commanding, I have the honor, by direction, to forward for your information, the copy of a letter received from Colonel Hamilton, explaining the circumstances under which the building known aa tho Mess Hut, at Tauranga, was sold. I have, &c, 11. T. Clarke, Esq., Geo. W. Dean Pitt, Civil Commissioner, Tauranga. Lieut.-Colonel, Assistant Military Secretary.

April 28, 1867.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure 1 in No. 18. Colonel Hamilton to the Militaet Seceetaey. Sic,— Auckland, 28th April, 1867. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a communication from the Resident Magistrate, Tauranga, forwarded through the Major-General, and requesting from me an explanation regarding the disposal of the Mess Hut at Tauranga. I have the honor to acquaint you, in reply, for the Major-General's information, that on the arrival of the Battalion under my command at Tauranga, the officers of the 68th Light Infantry offered us their Mess Hut for sale, which I declined to purchase, not knowing what length of time the Battalion might remain at that station, but promised Colonel G-rccr that on our leaving Tauranga the hut should. be sold on behalf of the 68th Light Infantry, as their property, they having put it up at their own expense while open war existed at Tauranga. Accordingly, I advertised the Mess Hut for sale in public papers on several occasions, as well as by other posted notices, and the circumstance was well known a month prior to our leaving. Before our last detachment marched it was sold by public auction, and the price obtained was £10, of which amount £5 10s., on behalf of the officers of the 68th Light Infantry, was handed to Archdeacon Brown, as a subscription from the officers of the 68th, for the purpose of assisting in enclosing the cemetery where so many of that regiment are buried, and 1 the remaining £i 10s. has been forwarded to the President of the Officers' Mess, 68th Light Lifantry. I trust the Major-General will consider that I was justified in the course I took, and would draw his particular attention to the fact of my having caused this hut to bo advertised for over a month previous to sale, and that no protest of any kind was made concerning it. I have, &c, Tho Military Secretary, IT. Meade Hamilton, Head Quarters, Auckland. Lieut.-Colonel, Commanding 12th Regiment.

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Enclosure 2 in No. 13. Mr. H. T. Clarke to Major-General Chute. (G. 325.) Civil Commissioner's Office, g IBj Tauranga, 3rd May, 1867. I have the honor to acquaint you that at the sale of Imperial buildings, on the 2nd instant, a small house, formerly used as an Engineer's Office, the property of the General Government of the Colony, was sold. 1 was present at the auction, and publicly protested against the sale, but without avail. The building to which I refer was numbered Lot No. 4. I have warned the purchaser at his peril against removing or in any way injuring the building. I hold him personally responsible, notwithstanding the guarantee given him by the officers in charge. Abundant proof can be adduced that the building in question was removed, together with the building lately used as a mess-room by the Ist Battalion 12th Eegiment (formerly a Court House), from Te Eiriiti, by order of Colonel Greer. I beg therefore to request that steps may be taken at once to restore the purchase money to Collins, the purchaser. I have, &c, H. T. Clarke, Major General Chute, Commanding Forces, New Zealand. Civil Commissioner.

Enclosure 3 in No. 13. The Assistant Military Secretary to Mr. 11. T. Clarke. (No. 5017.) g rE) Head Quarters, Auckland, 13th May, 1867. I have the honor, by direction of the Major-General Commanding, to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 3rd instant, No. G. 325. The Major-General has instituted enquiry as to the ownership of the building you claim on the part of the General Government, and he sees no reason to disturb the arrangement under which it was sold. I have, &c, Geo. "W. Dean Pitt, Lieutenant-Colonel, The Civil Commissioner, Tauranga. Assistant Military Secretary.

Enclosure 4 in No. 13. The Private Secretary to the Assistant Military Secretart. Private Secretary's Office, Sir,— "Wellington, sth August, 1867. "With reference to your letter No. 5017, of the 13th May last, addressed to the Civil Commissioner of Tauranga, and the correspondence to which it refers, I have the honor, by direction of His Excellency the Governor, to state for the information of the Major-General Commanding, that the Colonial Government are of opinion that the fact of the building in question having been advertised for sale " over a month previously," as stated by Lieutenant-Colonel Hamilton in his letter to the Military Secretary of the 28th April, does not justify the disposal of Colonial property by the Military authorities. I have therefore the honor to request that you will be good enough to move the MajorGeneral Commanding to give the necessary orders for the reimbursement to the Colonial Government of the amount for which the buildings were sold at auction. I have, &c, The Assistant Military Secretary, &c, Feed. Thatcher, Head Quarters. Private Secretary.

Enclosure 5 in No. 13. The Assistant Military Secretary to the Private Secbetaey. (No. GO3G.) Head Quarters, Melbourne, Sir,— 11th September, 18G7. In reply to your letter of the sth ultimo, I have the honor, by direction of the MajorGoneral Commanding to state, for the information of His Excellency the Governor, that two letters have been received from the Civil Commissioner of Tauranga, the one dated 23rd April, 1867, protesting against the sale of the building known as the Officers' Mess, at that Station, by Colonel Hamilton ; the other dated 3rd May, relative to the sale by the Imperial authorities, of a building used as the Boyal Engineer's Office. It is to be regretted that Mr. Clarke did not raise his objection to the disposal of these buildings prior to the day fixed for their sale, or that when he did protest, he did not afford to the MajorGeneral the benefit of any information of which he may have been in possession to prove that the buildings were the property of the Colony, for nothing lias been laid before the Major-General to support this statement; while, on the other hand, by Colonel Hamilton's letter of the 28th, April last, he nad every reason to suppose that the Mess House was considered by Colonel Greer the private property of the 68th Eegiment; and with regard to the Eoyal Engineer's Office, from the report received from the Commanding Royal Engineer on the subject, it would certainly appear that the building was the property of the Imperial Government. 4

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Should, however, the Colonial authorities be able to show that they have claims on the buildings in question, the Major-General will be happy, on hearing further on the subject, to reconsider the decision he has arrived at on the correspondence at present before him. I have, &c., G. W. Dean Pitt, The Private Secretary, Lieutenant-Colonel, Government House, Wellington. Assistant Military Secretary.

Enclosure 6 in No. 13. Mr. H. T. Claeke to the Hon. J. C. Richmond. (D. 450.) Civil Commissioner's Office, Sir,— Tauranga, 28th October, 1867. In accordance with the request contained in your letter of the 7th instant (384-2), I have the honor to enclose the evidence in proof of the ownership of the two buildings, the property of the Colonial Government, sold by the Imperial authorities in April and May last. With regard to the sale of the building used by the 68th Regiment, and afterwards by the l-12th Regiment, as a mess-room, I would observe that it was well known by the officers of both regiments that that building was the property of the Colonial Government, and this fact was made the subject of general remark at tho sale. I have, &c, 11. T. Claekb, The Hon. the Nativo Minister, Wellington. Civil Commissioner.

Kotos of evidence.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure G in No. 13. Notes oe Evidence. Two Buildings sold oy the Imperial Authorities at Tauranga, the property of the Colonial Government. Edward Purvis, saith: I have resided in Tauranga since 1861; I was here when the Imperial troops landed at the commencement of the outbreak. I knew a building standing on a Native Reserve (Ririiti); I saw that building removed by the Imperial troops ; the building was originally put up by the Colonial Government, and was used as the Resident Magistrate's Court of Tauranga; the building was re-erected in the camp, and was used as a mess-room by the officers of the 68th Regiment. After the 68th Regiment left Tauranga it was used by the officers of the 12th Regiment as their mess-room. At the time the 12th Regiment left Tauranga it was sold by auction, one of the officers of that regiment acting as auctioneer. I had, on one occasion, a conversation with Lieutenant Phillips, of the 12th Regiment, about this building, and I then told him that the building was the property of the Colonial Government. I also know a small building used by Mr. Warburton, of the Royal Engineers. I know it to have been the property of Mr. H. T. Clarke, Resident Magistrate ; it was an outhouse of his ; it was removed from Ririiti to the camp, and was used as an Engineer's office, &c. I remember it being sold, with other buildings, as belonging to the Imperial Government. At the time of sale, before it was sold, I heard Mr. Clarke, Civil Commissioner, protest against its sale, as being the property of the Colonial Government. Henry Tacy Clarke, saith: lam Civil Commissioner of the Tauranga District. In April, 1863, I was authorized by the Colonial Government to erect a building for an office and Resident Magistrate's Court House. I engaged a carpenter to do the work, and paid him the sum of forty-eight pounds two shillings and two pence*; this money was refunded to me by the Colonial Government. I left Tauranga at the breaking out of the Native disturbances; when I returned, in the latter part of 1864, 1 found that the Court House had been removed from Te Ririiti (a Native Reserve) to the camp, and was used by the officers of the 68th Regiment as a mess-room; when the 68th Regiment left, it was used for a like purpose by the officers of the l-12th Regiment. On that regiment leaving Tauranga, in my absence at Rotorua on public service, the building was sold by the order of the Commanding Officer of the Regiment. I was never aware of the intention of the officer commanding that regiment to sell the building, or I should have protested against the sale. The building used as an Engineer's Office was originally my private property, but is now the property of the Colonial Government. This building cost me seventeen pounds ten shillings; this building was sold with other buildings belonging to the Imperial Government, on the 2nd May, 1867. I protested against the sale. I could not do it sooner as I was not aware that the building was to be sold; the notice given was a general one, and no buildings particularized. Statements of Edward Purvis, and Henry Tacy Clarke, taken before me at Tauranga, this, twenty-second day of October, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven. w. a. Maie, j.p.

No. 14. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 128.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — 16th November, 1867. I have the honor to transmit, at the request of my Responsible Advisers, * Timber, £30; carpenter's account, £16 103.; shingles for lean-to, £1 2a.; zinc, 6s. Bd.; hinges, 3a. 6d.; total, £48 2s. 2d.

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authenticated copies and a Synopsis of Acts of the General Assembly of New Zealand, from No. 30 to 62 inclusive, which were passed in the last Session of the New Zealand Legislature. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure in No. 14. Memorandum by Mr. Staffoed. ■Wellington, 15th November, 1867. Ministers submit for transmission to the Eight Honorable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, authenticated copies, and a Synopsis, of certain Acts passed in the last Session of the New Zealand Legislature, being Numbers 30 to 62 inclusive. For His Excellency the Governor. E. ~W". Staitoed. No. 30. The Medical Practitioners Act. —Several of the Provincial Councils having passed Acts or Ordinances relating to the qualifications of persons who should be recognized as entitled to act as Medical Practitioners, this Act repeals all such Acts and Ordinances, as well as an Ordinance of the Lieutenant-Governor and Legislative Council of New Munster, enables the Governor to appoint a Board for the examination of diplomas and documents evidencing status of applicants, and regulates the admission of persons to practice as medical practitioners, and to some extent controls their practice. No. 81. The Marriage Act Amendment Act.- —Several Presbyterian Congregations having united in an association termed " The Presbyterian Church of Otago and Southland," this Act was passed to extend to the Ministers of this body the powers given to Ministers of different denominations by "The Marriage Act, 1854," and " The Marriage Act Amendment Act, 1858." No. 32. The Marine Act, substantially re-enacts the provisions of "The Marine Act, 1866," which, with a saving, it repeals, with such alterations and improvements as experience has shown to be desirable. It extends the powers of the Governor to make regulations, removes an inconvenient indefiniteness in the boundary between the powers of the Governor and those of the Superintendents of Provinces, and introduces provisions of the Imperial Shipping Act, for prohibiting and removal of misleading lights. No. 33. The Steam Navigation Act Amendment Act. —Attention having been called by the Despatch of to certain amendments required in "The Steam Navigation Act, 1866," these, and certain other amendments are effected by this Act, which also gives to the Postmaster-General authority to delegate the powers conferred on him by the original Act and this Act. No. 34. The Salmon and Trout Act. —Steps having been taken towards importing the ova and establishing the culture of Salmon and Trout in the Colony, this Act enables the Governor to make regulations for their protection, and to impose penalties for the broach of them, and authorizes the apprehension of offenders. No. 35. The Protection of Animals Act, repeals previous Acts, for the protection of animals and facilitates the operations of Acclimatization Societies, consolidates the previous Acts, and makes further provisions for the protection of birds and animals with a view to the increase of them. No. 36. The New Zealand Institute Act. —The progress of the Colony and the existence of Museums in different parts seem to invite co-operation in scientific pursuits, this Act besides providing for the appointment of a person to manage the Geological Survey of the Colony, enables the formation of a Board of Governors and of associations to be incorporated with them in an institution to bo called the New Zealand Institution. No. 37. The Armed Constabulary Act, meets a necessity which has arisen for a moveable Constabulary Force, in the place of the Defence Force, authorized to be established by " The Colonial Defence Force Acts of 1862 and 1863," which it repeals. It enables the enrolment of men, the appointment of Commandant, Inspector, and Sub-Inspector, with relative rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, Major, and Captain, and makes general provisions for the discipline of the Force. No. 38. The Volunteer Act Amendment Act, removes some difficulties as to the property of Volunteer Corps, and provides for the disposition of the property of disbanded Corps. No. 39. The Indemnity Act, has been passed to indemnify persons acting in the suppression of the Rebellion, and in the framing of it regard has been had to the objections raised by a Despatch from the Honorable the Secretary of State for the Colonies to an Act formerly passed for this purpose. No. 40. The Maori Real Estate Management Act. —Opportunities occasionally arise when the property of Natives, who are minors, or under disability, requires action to preserve it from injury, or to render it beneficial to the owners ; and this Act enables the Governor in Council to appoint Trustees of any such land, and direct which of the trusts defined by the Act shall be applicable thereto, and which of the powers defined by the Act shall vest in such Trustees. No. 41. The Native Schools Act, repeals an Ordinance of the Governor and Legislative Council, and " The Native Schools Act, 1858." Appropriates for seven years from the Ist July, 1867, the annual sum of £4,000, to be applied in contributing to the education of children of the aboriginal Native race, and of half-castes, being orphans or children of destitute persons. It continues to render applicable to special grants for school buildings, £3,219 Os. 3d., appropriated under "The Native Schools Act, 1858," and makes more complete provision for the establishment of Educational Districts, and. formation of Native schools.

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No. 42. The Auckland and Onehunrja Hostelries Act. —Doubts having arisen as to the legal effect of certain Crown Grants of land in the neighbourhood of Auckland and Onehunga, in trust for and as an endowment for Native Hostelries, this Act was passed to vest in the Governor the pieces of land comprised in those grants as reserves for those purposes. No. 43. The Native Lands Act, repeals " The Native Lands Act, ISG6," re-enacting its principal provisions, extending the power of the Governor to restrain the dealings of Natives with certain of their lands, except in cases of leases at rack rents ; and contains provisions the result of experience for more effectually guarding the interests of aboriginal Natives and of those claiming under them. No. 44. The Confiscated Lands Act. —The action of the Native Lands Courts having been found in some cases insufficient to meet the requirements of the occasion, this Act enables the Governor to supplement their decisions by malting grants of land in cases where none, or too little, may have been awarded. It also enables the Governor to reserve lands for friendly Natives out of those confiscated, and to award land to deserving persons of the Native race who have aided in the preservation of peace and order; and also to persons who have been in rebellion, but have since submitted to the Royal authority; to refer differences as to the division of lands so granted to the Native Lands Court, and to secure future good behaviour by imposing conditions on the grants of land under this Act; to reserve, out of confiscated lands, lands for educational purposes ; to divest confiscated lands of their peculiar position, and bring them under the ordinary regulations respecting Waste Lands of the Crown in the Province in which they are situated ; and to replace, as lands taken under the several New Zealand Settlements Acts, certain lands granted to the Superintendent of Auckland upon an arrangement since departed from. No. 45. The East Coast Land Titles Investigation Act, amends the description of the boundaries of the district, subject to the operation of "The East Coast Land Titles Investigation Act, 1866," and more accurately describes the classes of Natives excluded by the terms " such Natives or other persons as shall not have been engaged in the Rebellion." No. 46. The Tauranqa District Lands Act, 1867, gives effect to an Order in Council of the 18th May, 1865," declaring a district under "The New Zealand Settlements Act, 1863," and to certain arrangements entered into pursuant to such Order, for granting lands to persons of the tribe Ngaiterangi, the effect and validity of which had been questioned. No. 47. The Maori Representation Act, adds to the number of Members of the House of Representatives, by providing for four Maoris to be chosen by aboriginal Native inhabitants. It has been considered that a part in the legislation of the Colony would tend to create an interest in its Government, and aid in bringing into closer relations to each other the aboriginal Natives and inhabitants of European descent. It authorizes Provincial Councils to provide that one or more of their members shall be elected by Maoris. Its duration is limited to five years. No. 48. The Westland Representation Act, extends the number of members of the House of Representatives (exclusive of the four Maori members, for whose election provision is made by an Act of this session) from seventy, at which it was fixed by "The Representation Act, 1865," to seventy-two, by subdividing and redistributing membership in respect of the electoral districts of "Waimea and Westland, forming instead the districts of Waimea, Westland North, Westland South, and Westland Boroughs. This Act w ras called for by the extending population and importance of the district of Westland. No. 49. The Public Offenders Disqualification Act, defines more completely the classes of persons to be disqualified for holding office as Superintendents of Provinces, Members of House of Representatives, or Mayors of Municipalities ; and provides more effectually for proceedings being taken against public defaulters. No. 50. The Supplementary Electoral Rolls Revision Act. —The appointment of a person to be revising officer for certain electoral districts having been omitted in the month of March last, this Act was passed to remedy tho omission and prevent the new claimants from being deprived of their rights to vote. No. 51. The Crown Lands Nelson Leasing Act, was passed to enable the grant of leases of Crown Lands (unsuitable for agricultural purposes) for pastoral occupation for fourteen years. No. 52. The Canterbury Waste Lands Act, removes doubts as to the validity of certain pre-emptive rights granted by the Canterbury Waste Lands Board, more clearly defines their powers respecting pre-emptive rights, limits the use of the land included in pre-emptive right, provides for the continuance of the improvements effected on runs, and a penalty for injury to fences thereon. No. 53. The Land Claims Arbitration Act, was passed to enable a reference to arbitration of certain claims to land and damages made by Mr. James Busby in respect of his purchases of land from Native Chiefs of the North Island of New Zealand in 1839, and the issue of Crown Grants and Land Scrip to satisfy any award which may be made. No. 54. The New I'll/mouth Exchanges Commission Amendment Act Amendment Act, supplies an omission in a clause of " The New Plymouth Exchanges Commision Act Amendment Act, 1866," and enables the Commissioners to examine witnesses upon oath. No. 55. The Taranahi Naval and Military Settlers Act, enables the grant of land to naval and military settlers claiming under land orders issued after the passing of " Tho Taranaki Naval and Military Settlers Act, 1865," and before the 9th February, 1867, and enables the Commissioner of Crown Lands, when authorized by resolution of the Provincial Council, to issue land orders to naval and military settlers in some cases. No. 56. The Public Buildings Reserves Act, enables Superintendents to surrender to the Crown lands in Provinces granted to them under " The Public Reserves Act, 1864," which have been, or shall be, ajspropriated to purposes connected with the administration of the Government of New Zealand, and provides, with the assent of the Superintendent and Provincial Council of any Province, for the appropriation by the Governor of any ungranted public reserves to General Government purposes.

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One was passed establishing new Provinces. Another was passed making provision for the distribution of surplus of revenue amongst the Provinces. Doubts were entertained as to the validity of some of the provisions of the New Provinces Act, and consequently the Imperial Parliament passed the 24th and 25th Viet., c. 30. This Act was repealed in the following Session, by the 25th and 26th Viet., c. 48. By the last-mentioned Act the New Provinces Act was validated. The third section provided that, subject to the conditions mentioned in the A ct, it should be lawful for the General Assembly to provide for establishing New Provinces, and to provide for altering boundaries of any existing Provinces, and to make provision for the administration of such Provinces, and to repeal any of the provisions of the Constitution Act, or the Act of 20th and 21st Viet., c. 53, relating to Provinces or Superintendents and Provincial Councils ; the fourth section of the Act, however, provided that it should, not be lawful for the General Assembly to make any law inconsistent with the provisions in the said fourth section contained, amongst others that there should, in every Province, be a Superintendent, who unless to the contrary provided, shall be capable of being a member of the Provincial Council of the Province. In support of the contention that the Act of the General Assembly establishing the County of Westland is inconsistent with and repugnant to the Acts of the Imperial Parliament which relate to the constitution of New Zealand, it has been argued that the powers given to alter the boundaries of Provinces are given only in connection with the power to create new Provinces, and that by the third section of the 25th and 26th Viet., c. 48, it is made a condition of the alteration by Act of Assembly of the boundaries of Provinces, that a new Province should be created with a Superintendent and Provincial Council, and, consequently, that as the district included in the County of Westland was part of a Province it could not be separated from it without being annexed to an existing Province, or created into a separate Province. It has been further urged that as by the sixty-sixth section of the Constitution Act it was provided that the surplus revenue shall be divided amongst the Provinces in like proportion as gross revenue shall have arisen therein; and, as the whole surplus revenue was to be divided, as it was not expressed that so much of the revenue as arose within Provinces, after deduction for General Government, was to be divided, it is to be inferred that the whole of New Zealand was to be included in some Province; otherwise, if any parts of New Zealand were intended to be omitted, the parts within Provinces would, according to the provisions of the sixty-sixth section, have that share of surplus of revenue which has arisen in parts not within any Province ; it is argued that such could not be the intention, and that, consequently, it must be inferred that it was intended that the whole of New Zealand should be included in some one or other of the Provinces named in the Act. On the other hand, it has been contended that the second section of the Constitution Act (15th and 16th Viet.), does not provide that the Colony shall be " divided" into Provinces ; the words used are —"The following Provinces are established in New Zealand," and " the limits of the several Provinces shall be fixed by proclamation," and that there is nothing in such language which indicates any intention that these Provinces should absorb the whole of New Zealand; but, on the contrary, it is argued if such had been the intention a more definite expression would have been used. Moreover, it is said that as the third and sixty-ninth sections provided for the constitution of new Provinces from time to time, it is clear that there was no intention that the whole Colony should be from the first and thereafter be included in the same Provinces, and that the mere addition of the power to alter boundaries of existing Provinces cannot be taken as limiting the power of establishing Provinces but as enlarging the power; that is, that the power given is not only to constitute into Provinces districts not yet included in any Province, but also, if necessary, to alter boundaries of existing districts. It is also said that the true construction of the provisions of the 25th and 26th Viet., c. 48, is that if new Provinces are established, with a Provincial Government and constitution, such constitution shall always have the elements specified in the fourth section of that Act, but that where no such constitution is given and no Provincial Government is created, then that the Act does not apply. As such questions have been raised, it is deemed very necessary that they should be set at rest by an Act of the Imperial Parliament. Moreover, having regard to the present condition of several of the Provinces, and the increasing belief entertained that they will not be able much longer to maintain the present Provincial system, it is considered expedient that ample power should be given to the General Assembly (if it does not already possess it) to establish such form of Government in any of the existing Provinces, and to make such disposition of the revenue as circumstances may from time to time require, without regard to the Provincial divisions or forms of Government hitherto subsisting. As action is about to bo taken immediately imder the County of Westland Act, which will affect a large proportion of the inhabitants and revenues of New Zealand, Ministers beg respectfully to express their trust that the subject will receive the early attention of the Imperial law advisers of the Crown, and that if it should be considered that the County of Westland Act requires to be validated, and that further powers in the direction indicated require "to be conferred on the General Assembly, a Bill for that purpose may be introduced in the ensuing Session of the Imperial Parliament. For His Excellency the Governor. E. "W". Stafford.

No. 16. • ' Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 130.) Government House, Wellington, Mr Lord Duke, — 23rd November, 1867. I have been requested by my Responsible Advisers to transmit to your

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♦.Grace the enclosed Memorandum upon the subject of an alleged delay in the withdrawal of the Imperial Troops from the Colony of New Zealand. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Enclosure in No. 16. Memoeandum by Mr. Stafford. Wellington, 21st November, 1867. Dtoing the last two years, both in Despatches from the Eight Honorable the Secretary of State for the Colonies, and in a recent debate in the House of Lords, the present Governor of Now Zealand, Sir Greorge Grey, has been severely censured for the continued detention of the Imperial troops after ho had received orders for their removal. Ministers have hitherto refrained from expressing their views generally on this subject. The position which the Colony had assumed in December, 1864, in relation to the employment of Imperial troops, and the nature of the question at issue, which was altogether treated by the Imperial Government as one of Imperial concern, precluded such an expression of opinion. The withdrawal of the troops having now been effected, that expression is no longer liable to misapprehension or to a charge of inconsistency, and the close of Sir George Grey's administration affords a convenient opportunity for a calm view of circumstances which, in the opinion of Ministers, form the justification of his conduct. It will tend to the clearer consideration of this subject, if the biennial periods immediately preceding and following July, 1865, are separately reviewed. From June. 1863, to July, 1865, a civil war continuously prevailed in the Northern Island of New Zealand. At Taranaki, in the whole Waikato District, at Tauranga, at Wanganui, at Patea, the Queen's Imperial and Colonial forces came into conflict with rebel Natives, and the loss of life and property was very great. For at least half that time a force of over 15,000 men was jointly maintained by the Imperial and Colonial Governments. In no place during that time had rebellion been crushed, or complete tranquillity secured. In the course of that time Hauhau fanaticism, inculcating revolting murder and the practice of horrible atrocities, with a view to the extermination of the Europeans, had sprung up and increased to an alarming extent. In the commencement of 1865 insurrection had broken out at Opotiki; the murder of the Eev. Mr. Volkner took place, and the lives and property of every European on the East Coast from Tauranga to Poverty Bay, were ia imminent danger. The angry passions of both races were roused to the utmost, and inter-tribal enmities were aggravated by the active co-operation of loyal Natives on the Queen's side. The rebels, however, were by no means conquered. Defeats had only added fuel to fierce resentment, and occasional success had increased their eagerness to seize the first favorable opportunity of retaliation and vengeance. In May, 1865, the first order from the Imperial Government for the removal of five regiments was received. About that time General Cameron occupied part of the West Coast in the neighbourhood of Wanganui and Patea, with 4,400 men, in addition to 2,400 men in the Taranaki District; but he declined to attack Weraroa Pa, which was held by rebel Hauhau natives in the close vicinity of the Town of Wanganui, and was a standing menace to the safety of the whole district. He desired an additional reinforcement of 2,000 men, and a still larger reinforcement, if, in addition to the occupation of the country between Wanganui and Patea, the road between Taranaki and Wanganui was to be opened, and more land occupied north of the Waitara. The Colony throughout this time had unreservedly contributed every possible aid, and almost unconditionally placed its resources at the disposal of the General for the purpose of securing peace. This was the posture of affairs in July, 1865, Since July, 1865, the object of the Colonial authorities has been to suppress insurrection, and by reliance on their own resources to facilitate the removal of the Imperial troops. Active measures, undertaken at the sole cost of the Colony, for the pacification of the East and West Coasts, have been successfully given effect to by the Colonial forces. The small permanent force which the means of the Colony could maintain has been distributed, and every precaution taken with a view to the defence of threatened or unprotected districts. A system had to be organized for the purposes of transport and supply which had hitherto been necessarily in the hands of the Imperial Government, the Colony contributing its proportion of the cost. These efforts had to be made under unexampled difficulties and great financial pressure. And yet in the course of twelve months all the five regiments first ordered home left New Zealand, and in the course of the next twelvemonth the remaining four regiments required to return also embarked. Even the one regiment, intended by the Imperial Government to remain in the Colony on certain terms, which have been declined by the Colonial Government, might, by this time, have also gone, if the Imperial Government had decided on its destination. When these two periods are impartially reviewed, and when it is considered that any precipitate or imprudent step might have plunged the whole country into internecine conflict, probably one of extermination, Ministers cannot understand on what grounds the Governor, who is responsible for the security of life and property, can be justly censured for the exercise of care and caution in the removal of the troops. The problem for his solution was extremely difficult: it was to reconcile the departure of Imperial garrisons from a Colony recently, and at the time, the scene of civil war, with the safety, nay, even the existence, of the inhabitants of a country in which there was not as in other places merely a frontier line to be defended, but over which scattered settlements of Colonists, interspersed with Native tribes, are exposed to danger on every side, both from within and without; and not only settlements of Colonists, but of loyal Natives, who, in reliance on our protection, had fought with us against their own countrymen. This difficulty was enhanced by the fact that the Imperial garrisons were not stationed at the principal towns, whence their removal would have been comparatively easy,

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but they were stationed at several important outposts, critical positions, ■which were in the heart of rebel Native districts, and the sudden abandonment of which would inevitably have led to renewed* insurrection. How utterly insignificant would the delay of a few months be considered if their premature removal had caused the destruction of a settlement, the massacre of families, and the commencement of ferocious warfare! It would be insulting to the British nation to imagine for one moment that such a catastrophe would be regarded by it with apathy because it had resulted from a strict compliance with orders from England, or that it would not hold a Governor morally responsible for the result because he pleaded a literal obedience to such orders. In the Cape of Good Hope, where active hostilities were not nearly so general or of so recent a date as in New Zealand, and where for the most part the defence of a frontier line alone is requisite, the Imperial G-overnment is itself far more cautious in the removal of only four regiments, and requires greater delay to be observed than Sir George Grey is blamed for in the removal of nine regiments from New Zealand. Mr. Adderlcy (Under Secretary for the Colonies) is reported to have said in the House of Commons on the 4th June, 1867 : — "Ample warning had been given that the number [of troops] would not bo maintained, both in the " treatment of other Colonies and in the treatment of the Cape. The Earl of Carnarvon, notwith- " standing, considered that there should be ample warning of a change of policy, and therefore he " proposed that reductions should be made year by year. During the present year no reduction was "to be made; in 1868 one of the four regiments was either to be paid for at the same rate as other " Colonies were paying, or to be withdrawn ; in 1869 two regiments were to bo paid for or withdrawn; " and ho believed it was not until 1872 that all the troops were to be paid for or withdrawn, with the " exception of one regiment, which, on the ground of Imperial policy, would continue to be maintained " at the cost of the English taxpayer." Ministers believe that when the bitterness of personal controversy has subsided, and all the foregaing circumstances are taken into careful and unimpassioned consideration, justice will be done to Sir Georgo Grey in his attempt under extraordinary difficulties to give effect to the wishes of the Imperial Government consistently with his personal responsibility for the safety of the Colony, and that it will be recognized that he acted on the side of a wise caution, preferring rather to expose himself to the temporary displeasure of the Imperial Government than to sacrifice Her Majesty's subjects by a blind adherence to the letter rather than to the spirit of instructions given at a great distance and in the absence of local knowledge. E. ~W. Stafford. To His Excellency the Governor.

No. 17. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 131.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — 23rd November, 1867. I have read, with very great concern, a debate which took place in the House of Lords on the 15th of July last, and beg to state some remarks which suggest themselves to my mind in reference to the Earl of Carnarvon's speech upon that occasion, and in reference to some of the events to which he alluded. 2. His Lordship stated that he had before him repeated communications describing the affairs of New Zealand, on which lie justified, his proceedings in reference to the Governor of this country —the letter be particularly quoted beingone from Deputy-Commissary-General Strickland to the Secretary of the Treasury, dated the Bth November, 1866, of which his Lordship knew no copy had been communicated to the Governor. 3. I think Lord Carnarvon acted against justice in receiving, in breach of the Queen's regulations, a letter from a subordinate officer in this country; in then degrading the Governor from his position in part on the authority of that letter; in reading a great part of it in his place in the House of Lords; and in, at the same time, not stating to their Lordships that it was a letter sent and received in breach of the Queen's regulations; that the Governor and his Ministers were ignorant of its existence; that their reply to it had never been received; and that the fact of the letter being sent in breach of the regulations, tainted it with suspicion; and that it was wrong to the Governor and his Ministers, under such circumstances, to have directed the publication, in England, of a letter calculated so seriously to injure them and the Colony. 4. All this makes a greater impression on my mind, because Lord Carnarvon was the Governor's superior officer, under whom he had been serving; and by his position his Lordship was bound at least to state with judicial fairness the case of a distant and high public servant of the Crown, whose conduct he was bringing under unfavorable review.

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5. In the case of Lord Carnarvon's remarks about the relation in which General Chute and the Governor stood to one another, and the manner in which his Lordship had degraded the Governor by requiring him to serve under General Chute, I think his Lordship misled both the House of Lords and the country. 6. Lord Carnarvon in no way alluded to the difficulties and embarrassments in the removal of the troops, and in the settlement of the country, which had arisen from General Chute persistently neglecting to obey the orders given by the Governor with a view of establishing frequent and speedy communication between the General and the Government. Lord Carnarvon also knew that a charge had been brought against General Chute by the Colonel commanding the 50th Regiment, which charge has never been withdrawn, of ordering a Native Chief, who had been taken prisoner and detained four days in custody, to be cruelly shot to death on the 11th January, 1866. His Lordship also knew that this fact had never been reported by the General to the Governor of the country* who was the proper guardian of the lives of Her Majesty's subjects. His Lordship was also aware that the Governor and his Ministers, who knew nothing of this circumstance, had been blamed by many as being the authors of it, and of other acts. In the very nature of tilings a General who was so dealing with a Governor wholly unconscious of what had taken place, could never co-operate heartily with him in a spirit of entire confidence, in the removal of the troops or in any other matter. 7. Again Lord Carnarvon must have known that in subsequently requiring a Governor who had been so treated, to serve under the General whose conduct his Lordship was aware of before he deposed the Governor, his Lordship had subjected the Governor, for the supposed good of the service, to a most serious degradation, and by the open encouragement thus given to disobedience and to violent acts, had much embarrassed the position of the Governor in a country still in a state of partial rebellion; and that the man who had borne this without complaint at the time until the duty of removing the troops was successfully accomplished, had borne much for the good of the service. 8. I will trouble your Grace with only one other remark upon this part of the subject. Lord Carnarvon's Despatch of the Ist December, 1866, which placed the Governor under the orders of General Chute, was printed and laid before Parliament. It is to be regretted, for the sake of the Governor and the Government of this country, that his reply to that Despatch, No. 22, of the 12th February, 1867, which had been for a long time in England when the debate in the House of Lords took place, was not also printed and laid before Parliament, in order that their Lordships and the country might be able to form a just opinion upon the case. 9. As that Despatch contains the replies in detail to the objections which Lord Carnarvon has made upon the subject of the delay in the removal of the troops from New Zealand, which, I am sure, will satisfy any unprejudiced person that no undue delay which I could have avoided took place in that removal, it is unnecessary to repeat them here. Lord Carnarvon might, however, have justly said, what his Lordship well knows, that I was amongst the first to counsel the Colonists to dispense with British troops, and that I was the first to aid them to show by acts how they could, themselves, easily accomplish what the leaders of British troops (not the troops themselves) hesitated to undertake; and his Lordship might also have justly said, that it should be remembered that in removing the troops General Chute and myself occupied very different positions: I was responsible for the peace and welfare of the country, he only had to send troops out of the country. He brought what dangers and difficulties he pleased on New Zealand; myself and my Ministers had to meet these. He might hastily entail want and privation on large numbers of families who had had nothing to do with an unnecessarily prolonged civil contest, or a vast useless military expenditure, which had disorganized the whole country and its trade and commerce. The care of providing for those dangers and sorrows fell on my Ministers and myself. It is difficult and misleading to institute any comparison between the performance of such different duties. Men will too often act recklessly or counsel reckless action where others have to meet the consequences of such acts. 10. I am afraid it may again be said by some, as Lord Carnarvon told me before, that it is impossible that the Government of the Colonies can be carried on 6

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if I write as I have written in this Despatch regarding one whose duty it so recently was, as one of Her Majesty's Ministers, to communicate to me Her Majesty's commands ; but in truth there is a misunderstanding on this subject. Within the limits prescribed by the laws of the realm, Her Majesty's Commission, and Her royal instructions and regulations, I owe a becoming obedience to my superior officers, and through a long life I have endeavoured to render that, and the voices of some of the greatest of British statesmen, now passed away, have for more than twenty-five years often stated that I had done so; but if those who may be temporarily placed at the head of the Colonial or War Departments, misled by a system of secret correspondence which has recently sprung up, require-a blind and uninformed acquiescence on my part, in breaches by others of the laws of the Empire, and. of the regulations on which the public service is conducted, and on which the lives, the safety, and welfare of the Queen's subjects in the Possessions entrusted to my care depend, I owe them no obedience in such matters, but I owe a duty to the Queen and Empire, and it is right that I should withstand those who commit violent acts or who support those who do so, with a will as strong as their own, without caring what consequences may fall on myself. 11. If such a course is not pursued, a few statesmen at home might be led ignorantly to inflict serious and lasting injuries upon distant portions of the Empire, and to weaken those strong ties of loyalty and attachment which bind the Colonies to the Mother Country. An example might be given by Imperial officers, which would tend to efface from new countries inhabited by mixed populations the mildness which should adorn civilization, without which indeed it cannot long exist, whilst the safeguards and reverence which should surround human life might be swept away. Violence, supported from want of information or of due reflection, by rank and authority, can only be successfully checked by a determination which, whilst calm and respectful, is yet strong and unconquerable. The public servant who pursues this course, regardless of the loss of much that he has toiled for years to gain, is a true friend of British statesmen, and I trust confidently Lord Carnarvon will do his best to repair the manifest wrongs he has done, and that the course I have pursued will meet with your Grace's support. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY. P.S. —After I had written this Despatch I observed that a serious error is involved in the statement made by the Earl of Carnarvon in his place in the House of Lords on the loth of July last. His Lordship justified the Despatch he had written to me from London on the Ist of December, 1866, by the contents of a letter written in New Zealand on the Bth of December, 1866. His Lordship is reported to have stated that that letter was before him when he wrote his Despatch of the Ist of December. His Lordship did not, hoAvever, receive that letter until about the 17th of January, 1867, more than six weeks after he had written his Despatch of the Ist of December. G. G.

No. 18. Copt of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 136.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — . 27th November, 1867. I have the honor to transmit to your Grace, for the purpose of beinglaid before the Queen, authenticated copies under tlic Great Seal of the Colony, of Act No. 24, and of Acts No. 63 to 92 inclusive, and of a local and personal Act, together with a. Memorandum by my Responsible Advisers explanatory of these Acts. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OP STATE.

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Enclosure in No. 18. Memokanditm by Mr. Statfoed. Wellington, 27th November, 1868. Authenticated copies under the Seal of the Colony, of certain Acts passed by the New Zealand Legislature in its last Session, No. 24 and Sos. 63 to 92, and of a local and personal Act, are hereby submitted for transmission to the Right Hon. the Secretary of State for the Colonies. For His Excellency the Governor. E. W. Staffokd.

No. 63. The Marlborougli Waste Lands Act, repeals former Acts and Regulations relating to the sale and disposition of Waste Lands of the Crown in the Province of Marlborough, subject to existing contracts. No. 64. The Southland Waste Lands Act Amendment Act, 1867, is supplementary to " The Southland "Waste Lands Act, 1865," provides an appeal to the Supreme Court from the decisions of the Waste Lands Board in that Province, enables sales of land to religious bodies, for sites of churches, chapels, &c, authorizes yearly occupation leases for cutting timber and raising coal, improves the terms of leases of mineral lands, and gives to certain occupiers of lands in Stewart's Island which they have improved, pre-emptive rights therein. No. 65. The Volunteers Land Act Amendment Act, renders more clear the interpretation of the words " efficient volunteer," in " The Volunteers Land. Act, 1865." No. 66. The Orown Grants Amendment Act, makes felonies certain offences in the improper possession or use of the Seal provided by "The Crown Grants Act, 1866," for attaching the Governor's signature to grants, defines certain periods for the ante-vesting of legal estates in grantees, renders proceedings by writ of soire facias applicable to the repeal of Crown Grants, and validates the cancellation of certain grants of land of which new grants had been issued and recorded prior to the passing of the Act of 1866. No. 67. The Waste Lands Hoards Appeal Act. —Waste Lands Boards are required to determine questions frequently of great importance to the parties concerned. Their decisions have hitherto been final, which in some instances has been considered a hardship. This Act was passed to provide an appeal in such cases to the Supreme Court. It also avoids forfeiture of pastoral lease on nonpayment of rent, on payment thereof with a moderate penalty within three months. No. 68. The Gold Melds Act Amendment Act. —Difficulties having arisen respecting the exercise of the power of delegation to Superintendents of Provinces, of certain powers vested in the Governor for the management of Gold Fields, this Act was passed to enable the Governor to delegate such powers to the Executive Government of any Province in which by any Act or Ordinance it is provided that the Superintendent shall in the administration of the government thereof act by and with the advice and consent of an Executive Council, subject to certain conditions. No. 69. The Gold Fields Act Amendment Act (No. 2), removes some difficulties in. the practice of Wardens' Courts, as to the mode of appointing and summoning assessors, challenges and penalties, and confirms certain rules as to the cutting, construction, and use of water races. No. 70. The Olacjo Gold Fields Judicial Officers Act, makes specific provision out of Gold Fields Revenues, for the maintenance of certain Judicial Officers on the 0 lago Gold Fields : —For Eight Wardens, £2,325 per annum ; Twelve Clerks, £2,900 per annum. No. 71. The Nelson Cobden and Westport Railway Act Amendment Act, authorizes the Superintendent in any contract for the construction of the railway, to agree that, when complete, it shall be granted or leased to the contractor upon such terms as shall be authorized by an Act of the Provincial Council. No. 72. The Auckland and Drury liailway Act. —"The Auckland and Drury Railway Act, 1863," authorized-the Superintendent of the Province of Auckland to make and maintain a railway which has been commenced, but for the completion whereof the funds available have been found insufficient. In order to enable a variation of the line of railway and to procure the completion thereof, this Act authorizes the Superintendent and Provincial Council, by Act, to authorize the disposing by mortgage, sale or lease of the railway, or the lands abutting on the railway, being portion of the Harbour Endowment of the Auckland Harbour. No. 73. The Commissioners Powers Act. —This Act was passed to enable Commissioners appointed by the Governor in Council to summon witnesses, to compel their attendance, and to examine them upon oath. No. 74. The Governor's Delegations Act, enables the Governor in Council, and tinder his hand and the Public Seal of the Colony to delegate to the Executive Government of any Province under such limitations as he may think fit, all or any of the powers vested in the Governor or Governor in. Council, and which by any Act or Ordinance may be delegated to the Superintendent of a Province, or to any person or persons, by the Governor or Governor in Council. No. 75. The British-Australasian Mail Services Act. —In consequence of a Despatch addressed on the 22nd September, 1866, by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to the Governors of the several Australian Colonies, announcing that notice had been given for the termination of the existing contract for the conveyance of the Mails between Point de Galle and Sydney, and inviting these Colonies in combination, to provide for this service in future, a conference was held in Melbourne in March, 1867, at which were present representatives of the Australasian Governments (excepting Western Australia) for the discussion of the whole question of Ocean Postal Communication with them. At this conference certain resolutions were unanimously adopted. Thin Act was passed to authorize the Governor in Council, on behalf of this Colony, subject to certain modifications, to confirm the arrangement made at the conference to concur in making provision for the admission of the Colony of Western Australia to the benefits of the contract, and in ease of that Colony declining or contributing to supplement the deficiency of £3,000 to make up the sum of £200,000, moiety of £400,000, the estimated cost of the services agreed

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upon. Limits the total annual contribution of New Zealand to £50,000, and provides for the cessation during the time this contribution shall be paid, of payments under " The Panama Mail Service Act, 186-1," or " The Panama Mail Service Act Amendment Act, 1865." No. 76. The Naturalization Act, 1866, Amendment Act, was passed to remedy an. error in the Act of' 1866, in the spelling of the name of Alanheim Krakour. No. 77. The Post Office Savings Bank Act, repeals "The Post Office Savings Bank Act, 1865." It defines the legal title of depositors in Post Office Savings Banks, directs the mode of receipt and withdrawal of moneys, and provides for the drawing of each depositor's account. It directs the payment of deposits into the Public Account of the Colony, and their investment, and gives to depositors the guarantee of the Government for the amounts of their claims. It enables the Governor to make regulations keeping on foot in the interim those made under the repealed Act, and provides for yearly accounts being laid before the General Assembly. No. 78. The Census Act Amendment Act, renders more minute the account to be taken under the Census Act of property in the Colony, and provides for taking an annual account of the land in cultivation, and of the agricultural produce thereof. No. 79. The Provincial Acts Validation Act. —The extent of the exceptions to the legislative powers of Provincial Councils by the nineteenth clause of the Constitution Act not being very clearly defined, a number of Acts of Provincial Councils which from a late judgment of the Court of Appeal, appear to have contained provisions ultra vires, have been left to their operation. The validity ot one of these Acts has been tested by the case of Bagge v. Sinclair, before the Court of Appeal, in in which it was found by the Court, that several clauses of the Picton Improvement Act, were ultra vires. The provisions of many of these Acts being beneficial in themselves, the present Act was passed to validate them with a saving of the right of parties in the decided case, and the force of law has been given to certain Acts or Ordinances which had been disallowed by the Governor for containing similar provisions. No. 80. The Distillation Act, 1866, Amendment Act, extends till the end of the year 1870, the power of the Governor to make regulations for licensing persons as Distillers, and for the manner in which, and conditions under which the business shall be carried on. It introduces further provisions adopted from a Victorian Act, against the dealers in illicitly distilled, spirits, and the aiders and abettors of illicit distillation, and extending the powers of search, and contains an indemnity for acts of officers within three months' past, which if the Act had been in force would have been authorized by it. No. 81. The Stamp Duties Act Amendment, imposes certain new duties, clears away some uncertainties under " The Stamp Duties Act of 1866," fixes the rates of valuation of annuities or single lives, imposes more stringent penalties in certain cases, and increases facilities for stamping instruments, the stamping of which has been delayed without intention to defraud. No. 82. The Customs Tariff' Amendment Act, increases the duty on importation of roasted coffee from 3d. to sd. per lb., and relieves from duty, blasting powder, rosin, olive oil in bulk, and palm oil. No. 83. The Public Stores Act, establishes a method of keeping an account and checking the consumption of public stores. No. 84. The Public Itevenucs AM, was passed to regulate more efficiently the receipt, custody and expenditure of the Public Revenues of New Zealand. After repealing previous Acts it provides that all moneys payable to the Government of New Zealand shall bo kept in one account called " The Public Account," of which there shall be four branches, namely, the Consolidated Fund, the Special Fund, the Land Fund, and the Public Trust Fund. It defines the moneys to be paid into the Public Account to the credit of these several funds, and makes provision for the control and issue of the public revenues, the expenditure of the public revenues; as to the revenues payable to Provinces —the receipt and expenditure of public moneys beyond the Colony; the audit of the pxiblic revenues. Creates penalties for any disobedience of its provisions, and imposes on the Auditor certain duties in the recovery of moneys outstanding in the hands of Receivers. No. 85. The Legislative Officers' Salaries Act, fixes the salaries of the Speaker, Chairman of Committees, and Clerk of the Legislative Council; and of the Speaker, Chairman of Committees, and Clerk, and Clerk Assistant, of the House of Representatives. No. 80. The Bartlei/ Pension Act. —The Honorable Thomas Bartley having been for many years Speaker of the Legislative Council of New Zealand, this Act provides a pension for him on his retirement. No. 87. The Surplus Revenue Adjustment Act, relieves the Provinces of New Zealand from the obligation to repay to the general revenue the sums which have been paid to them by way of surplus revenue, in excess of the sums distributable under " The Surplus Revenue Act, 1858," except in so far as was necessary for the purpose of effecting an equitable inter-provincial adjustment of the total sum so paid in excess. For this adjustment the Act also provides. No. 88. The Loan Allocation, Act Repeal Act, repeals " The Loan Allocation Act, 1865," from and after the 30th June, 1867, and relieves the Provinces of Auckland, Wellington, Hawke's Bay, and Taranaki, from further payments in respect of the sums thereby charged upon their revenues, except as to certain sums due from them for interest and sinking fund on the 30th June, 1807, and specified in this Act. No. 89. The Public Debts Act, charges upon the revenues of the Colony the interest and sinking fund payable upon Provincial debentures issued under the authority of the Acts and Ordinances of Superintendents and Provincial. Councils mentioned in Schedule A.; charges the sums to be paid in respect thereof against the Provinces in respect whereof they shall be paid. Brings under control of the Government of the Colony the further borrowing of money under existing Provincial Acts, and authorizes the raising of a loan of £1,114,000 to meet the sums mentioned in Schedule B. No. 90. The Consolidated Loan Act, authorizes the raising of a loan of seven million pounds for the conversion, redemption, and payment of the loans of the Government of New Zealand, issued

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under the Acts of the General Assembly, and of the several loans of the Provincial Governments of the several Provinces of New Zealand, and prohibits the raising of further Provincial loans, or the Provincial guarantee of interest or subsidy. No. 91. The Diseased Sheep Fines Appropriation Act, converts into Provincial revenue moneys hereafter to arise from fines and penalties inflicted upon owners of sheep under any Ordinance of a Provincial Legislature for preventing the introduction or spread of disease in sheep. No. 92. The Appropriation, Act, appropriates out of the Consolidated Fund of Now Zealand, for the service of the year ending on the 30th day of June, 18G8, in addition to the sum of £100,000 applied by " The Imprest Supply Act, 1867," the further sum of £306,009 ss. 7d. And out of such, portion of the special fund as may arise out of sales of Confiscated land a sum of £34,750 to defray charges arising in respect of such lands; and indemnifies the Treasurer for £193,938, the excess of actual over authorized expenditure for the year ending 30th June, 1867. Local and Peesonal. No. 95. The Otago Southern Trunk Railway Act, authorizes a deviation from the original line, and change of terminus.

No. 19. Coi>y of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 143.) Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke, — 28th December, 1867. > I have the honor to transmit, for your Grace's information, a copy of an Address I have received from the Executive Council of New Zealand, as also a copy of my reply to that Address. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GKEY.

Enclosure 1 in No. 19. Addeess from, the Executive Council. His Excellency Sik Geoege Geet, X.C.8., &c, &c, &c. When, immediately on the receipt of the first intimation, that your Excellency would shortly be informed of the name of your successor in the Government of New Zealand, both Houses of the Legislature, by simultaneous Addresses, marked their high regard for your Excellency personally and their appreciation of your distinguished public services, and while numerous bodies of Colonists hastened to re-echo those sentiments of respect which everywhere greeted you in your late visit throughout the Provinces, we abstained from approaching your Excellency with any expression of sympathy, because we could not but believe that at the close of your career in New Zealand, Her Majesty would have been advised to mark her appreciation of your services; but the tone of the late Despatches addressed to your Excellency impels us no longer to withhold the expression of the sentiments entertained towards you by those who have witnessed near at hand the devotion to the Empire iind to public duty which has distinguished your long career. Seldom has a Governor been placed in circumstances more trying, and amid duties more conflicting and embarrassing. In so difficult a position we cannot but think that your Excellency might reasonably have expected that you would not have been left unprotected to bear the unjust aspersions to which you have been exposed. Again and again during the last twenty-six years where there has been danger and difficulty in the administration of Colonial affairs, your Excellency's aid has been invoked by the most eminent statesmen of the day. Sacrifices you have disregarded, and trials have served as opportunities of evincing devotion to public duty, and. we cannot but regard it as an indication of the indifference, if not positive disfavor, with which the Colonies of the Empire are regarded, when loyalty, zeal and high intelligence displayed in the administration of their affairs are passed by without even the courtesy of a cold acknowledgement. Nevertheless, it will be no mean gratification to your Excellency to feel assured that upon your retirement from the Government of New Zealand it is universally recognized that, in defence of constitutional Government, the honor of the Colony entrusted to your guardianship, and the best interests of the Empire, you have added to your sacrifices, that of the assured prospect of some still more honorable position in Her Majesty's Service, or a distinguished retirement from the cares of office. We trust that the day may not be far distant when the high services you have so freely and ably rendered will meet with a fitting recognition. We pray your Excellency to accept these few words as expressing the sentiments of Ministers who have had the honor of being associated with you in the administration of the affairs of New Zealand. E. W. Staffoed, J. C. Richmond, T. M. Haultain, J. Eicitaedson, W. EITZIIEEBEET, J. H. HaEEIS. J. Hall, "Wellington, 20th November, 1867. 7

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Enclosure 2 in No. 19. His Excellency's Eeplt. Gentlemen, — It is fitting that I should briefly acknowledge the far more than mere friendly words which you have addressed to me on my removal from my office of Governor of New Zealand. These words, coming from those who not only have seen and known the trials and difficulties I have had to encounter, but who also amidst those difficulties, have been my advisers and fellowlaborers, are very valuable to me, and I shall often think, of them in my retirement. I will only further say to those who by their advice, by their sympathy, and by their own trials and devotion to public duty, have so often guided my path in difficulties, and lightened the labors imposed upon me, that I thank them for the services they have rendered their Queen and Country. That 1 also thank them for their affectionate farewell, and that whatever may be the future trials and changes of my life I shall always think myself fortunate that they were for so long given to me as companions and associates in the trying duties I had to perform in New Zealand. Auckland, 28th December, 18G7. G. Grey.

No. 20. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 144.) Government House, Auckland, My Lokd Duke, — 27th November, 1867. I have the honor to state, for your Grace's information, that upon the 22nd May, 1866, I wrote to the General Commanding the Forces in New Zealand requesting that the attention of the Secretary of State for War might be called to a correspondence between the General and myself, regarding a complaint 1 had made of the Comptroller of the Army Expenditure not having taken care that the estimates for army services were submitted for my consideration, with a view to my suggesting such reductions and alterations in them as I might deem expedient and practicable. 2. In this Colony there was a peculiar necessity for an adherence to this rule, which had been drawn up after a full discussion of the subject by the late Duke of Newcastle, the late Lord Herbert, and myself. 3. For, at the time the rule was set aside, the Officer in command of Her Majesty's Forces and the Senior Commissariat Officer were entailing very heavy charges upon the Mother Country and the Colony. 4. When first the correspondence between the General Commanding in New Zealand and myself upon this subject was brought under the notice of the Secretary of State for War, only incomplete information regarding it was sent home, and as no reply has been returned to the letter I then requested the General to transmit to the Secretary of State for War, I think it my duty to ask your Grace's attention to the subject. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

Sec Appendix to Journals H. of R. A. No. 4a., from yo. 12 to No. 15.

No. 21. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 1.) Mr Lord Duke, — Kawau, 13th January, 1868. I have been requested by my Responsible Advisers to transmit to your Grace, for the purpose of being laid before the Queen, a petition from a large number of the inhabitants of the Province of Otago, praying for the separation of the Northern and Middle Islands of New Zealand into two separate Colonies. 2. My Responsible Advisers have requested me, in transmitting this petition to your Grace, to acquaint you that they desire to tender the same advice with respect to this petition as they gave with regard to a similar petition from the Provincial Council of Otago, which has already been laid before the Queen, who was not advised by Her Majesty's Ministers to accede to the prayer of it. 3. They also desire to state that in their belief a compliance with the prayer of this petition, if it were possible (regard being had to the existing mutual

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liabilities of all parts of the Colony), would materially retard its progress, and restrict its ability to provide for its public burthens. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY. Enclosure in No. 21. Mr. Vogel to the Hon. E. W. Stafford. Sin, — Provincial Treasury, Dunedin, 9th December, 1867. In the absence of His Honor tho Superintendent from Dunedin I have the honor to forward for transmission to His Grace tho Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, the enclosed petition addressed to Her Majesty the Queen, praying for the Separation of the North and Middle Islands of Nevr Zealand into two separate and independent Colonies. I have, Ac., The Hon. the Colonial Secretary, Julius Vogel, Wellington. Provincial Treasurer.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure in No. 21. Petition from Residents in the Province of Otago to the Queen. To Her Most Gracious Majesty Victoria., Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Dependencies thereof, Defender of the Faith, &c. Most Gkacious Soveheign, mat it please Toub Majesty,— The humble Petition of your Majesty's loyal subjects, Colonists resident in the Province of Otago, who approach your Majesty with feelings of profound loyalty and attachment to your Majesty's royal person and throne, in all faithfulness and zeal towards your Majesty's service, most humbly and dutifully sheweth — That your petitioners pray your Majesty may cause an Act to be introduced into the Imperial Parliament to provide for the separation of the North and Middle Islands of New Zealand into two separate and independent Colonies, with such provisions for a federal union as your Majesty's Advisers may esteem advisable. That your petitioners consider the union of the Northern and Middle Islands is injurious to both, the interests of the two islands being dissimilar. That the Northern Island has been and will be for many years occupied in resisting the aggressions of the Native race ; and ultimate peace with the Natives can only bo secured by the careful local application of laws calculated to meet the wants of both the European and Native races, laws altogether unsuitable to the Middle Island, which, free from Native claims and occupation, seeks only' permission to devote its energies to the development of the great commercial, pastoral, agricultural, and mining resources which it possesses, by the construction of roads, bridges, railways, and other reproductive w rorks, and by encouraging emigration on an extensive scale. That, owing to the G-eneral Assembly of New Zealand having to chiefly occupy itself with the discussion of Native questions, laws for the general government of the Colony, as well as those more particularly affecting the interests of the Colonists occupying the Middle Island, arc either hurried through in an imperfect manner, or are altogether neglected. That the administration of the Government of the Middle Island, where only European settlers are concerned, has always been subordinate to that of the Northern Island; and, so long as the two islands are united and the Native question exists, your petitioners believe it will necessarily be so. That, besides the heavy charges on the Middle Island revenues for loans already expended, not for its benefit but for Native purposes, there is still a continuous drain on the revenue for current expenditure on the same objects, and your petitioners arc convinced that the disbursements will continue to be extravagant and in a great measure useless, so long as the Middle Island is liable for them. On the other hand, if the Northern Island has entirely to rely on its own resources, costly Native experiments will be avoided, and the Natives will be governed efficiently and economically. That the Middle Island now stands to the North Island in a similar relation to that which Great Britain did to New Zealand before Imperial considerations of expediency led the mother country to withdraw from interfering in Native affairs ; and the same considerations with equal force point to the inexpediency of the Middle Island continuing to interfere with the government of the Natives in the Northern Island. That your petitioners consider the extent, population, commercial importance, and resources of the Middle Island, as compared with those of other Colonies, fully justify their desire to convert it into a separate Colony. That your petitioners also respectfully represent that tho isolation, great length (one thousand one hundred miles), and the narrowness of New Zealand, make its Government from any one spot more difficult than that of other Colonies possessing many times its area. That your petitioners emphatically disclaim any desire that the Middle Island should escape tha liabilities fairly attaching to it; and they may direct your Majesty's attention to the Petition already forwarded in one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and subsequently from Auckland, and to tho proceedings in the General Assembly, as evidence that in the North Island, tho principal Province and a large proportion of the population arc as anxious as your petitioners for separation. That your petitioners are fully aware of the advantages of a federal union such as has taken place in British North America, but they humbly submit that the division of New Zealand into two

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Colonies will not prevent provision being made for their federal union in respect to those interests which they possess in common as portions of the same Empire. Tour petitioners therefore humbly pray that your Most Gracious Majesty will be pleased to take the prayer of your loyal subjects into your most favourable consideration, and cause the Islands of New Zealand to be divided into two Colonies, and that each may have conferred upon it such constituent powers of legislation as shall best enable it to deal with the circumstances peculiar to itself. And your petitioners will ever pray, <&c. [Here follow 7,325 signatures.]

No. 22. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir George Grey, X.C.8., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 4.) My Lord Duke, — Kawau, 14th January, 1868. I am anxious to have the honor to explain to your Grace the causes of the apparent various changes in my plans regarding the period of my quitting New Zealand. 2. Your Grace was pleased to instruct me that Sir G. F. Bowen had been appointed my successor in the Government of New Zealand, and that I was to be informed by him when he would arrive here to assume the Government of a Country only recently emerged from rebellion, and which I did not feel justified in leaving before the arrival of a duly appointed successor, unless your Grace had authorized me to do so, whilst I read your instructions as pointing the other way. 3. In a letter written from Queensland upon the 23rd October, my successor informed me that it had been intimated to him that it was desired he should assume office in New Zealand as soon as may be after the arrival of his Commission and Instructions, and that he hoped to reach Wellington either in a man-of-war or by one of the passenger steamers about the middle of December. 4. The intimation of the wishes of Her Majesty's Government having been thus made known to me, I made all my arrangements for relinquishing this Government in the middle of December last. 5. In a letter dated Queensland, the 27th November last, I was informed by my successor that he had changed his plans and would not arrive at Wellington until the 6th January, 1868, and I altered my arrangements accordingly. 6. In a letter dated Queensland, the 27th December last, my successor has informed me that he will not arrive at Wellington until the 6th February, 1868. 7. I presume, from what my successor tells me, that all these changes of plan have arisen from the non-issue of the New Commission and Royal Instructions. But I wish your Grace to see that I am not to blame for the delay which has taken place, and which will result in much inconvenience and loss to myself, as also in very serious disappointment, now that I find from my successor's letters that I am not to have the honor and pleasure of receiving in New Zealand His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, for I had flattered myself that the delay in the arrival of my successor had arisen from yonr Grace's desire to accord me this honor and gratification, which many circumstances led me, I think not unreasonably, to suppose I was justly entitled to expect. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. GREY.

No. 23. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 1.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — 6th February, 1868. I have the honor to report that on the 4th January ultimo, I left Queensland for Sydney, intending to proceed to Wellington, the Seat of Government in New Zealand, by the first steamer for that place. 2. From previous correspondence I was under the impression that the Queen's Commission appointing me to be Governor and Commander-in-Chief of

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the Colony of New Zealand, together with the accompanying Instructions under the Royal Sign Manual and Signet, would probably be sent out by the Panama Mail, and would meet me on my arrival this month at Wellington. However, my Commission and Instructions having been despatched via Suez, and addressed to me in Queensland, reached me at Sydney on the 25th January ultimo. 3. I proceeded to my new post by the first opportunity which offered, namely, by the Panama Mail Steamer, which left Sydney on the 30th ultimo. Yesterday morning (the sth instant) I landed at Wellington, and after taking the prescribed oaths in the usual form and- with the accustomed ceremonies, before Mr. Justice Johnston, one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of this Colony, I assumed, by virtue of Her Majesty's Commission, the office of Governor and Commander-in-Chief of New Zealand and its Dependencies. 4. The manner of my reception here cannot fail to be satisfactory, on public grounds, as a fresh proof of the loyalty of all classes of this community to their Queen. As Her Majesty's Representative, I was received, on landing, by the chief functionaries and officers of Government, saluted by the local corps of Volunteer Artillery and Rifles (which had mustered in full force), and welcomed with hearty cheers and other demonstrations of respect and goodwill by a very large concourse of spectators. 5. I am deeply sensible of the great and manifold difficulties of my present office; but I trust that they may in time be surmounted if I shall be so fortunate as to deserve the approval and support of Her Majesty's Government, and to secure the co-operation of the Colonial Parliament. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

No. 24. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham.. (No. 3.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,—' 7th February, 1868. At the request of my Responsible Advisers I have the honor to transmit herewith a Memorandum referring to a portion of the Royal Instructions accompanying the Queen's Commission appointing me to be Governor of New Zealand. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

Enclosure in No. 24. Memobandttk by Mr. Staitoed. Wellington, 7tli February, 1868. Bx the Jtoyal Instructions to His Excellency Sir George Bowen, referred to in his Commission as Governor of New Zealand, and dated the 14th November, 18C7, the Governor is enjoined to take a certain course where a criminal has been sentenced to death; amongst other things the report of the Judge who presided at the trial is to be considered at the first meeting of the Executive Council which can be conveniently called, at which meeting that Judge is to be specially summoned to attend. In these two particulars the Royal Instructions are different to those given to the late and previous Governors, and are not suited to the special circumstances of this Colony. "With regard to the summoning of the Judge, it is to be observed that four of the five Judges of the Supreme Court reside and hold Courts at places distant from the seat of Government, between which places there are only occasional mails; and even the Judge who resides at Wellington holds sessions of his Court at other places, which frequently necessitates his absence from the seat of Government. Thus, if the Eoyal Instructions were literally given effect to, a delay of several weeks, and perhaps of one or two months, might be necessitated before it could bo determined whether or not the sentence should be carried out, or a pardon or reprieve ordered, as the Governor, after having been informed of the sentence, would have to summon the Judge, who would have to come some hundred miles to the seat of Government, having frequently to wait for a means of conveyance, while a further delay would ensue before the result of the decision arrived at, after the Judge had attended, could be communicated to the person under sentence. Moreover, very great public inconvenience would be caused by the Judge being summoned from his judicial district, possibly in the middle of a session of the Supreme Court. The following by no means improbable case may be given as an example of what might occur : —The Judge who resides at Dunedin, in Ota-go, holds Courts at Southland also. A sentence of death may be recorded at South--8

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DESPATCHES EROM THE GOVERNOR OE NEW

land; the Governor may be absent from "Wellington, perhaps attended by only one member of the Executive Council: much time —possibly months —would necessarily elapse before the Governor could meet the Executive Council, and the Judge, after a special summons, which might find him cither at Invercargill or Dunedin, could attend at the seat of Government, during which time the condemned criminal would be kept in a most objectionable state of suspense, while at the same time the Judge, in order to attend, may have had to interrupt the sessions of the Supreme Court, causing great public inconvenience and expense, and the Governor might also have to return hurriedly to the seat of Government to meet the Executive Council. It is probable that the portion of the Koyal Instructions now referred to may have been inserted inadvertently, without a recognition of the particular circumstances of New Zealand, or the character of the Executive and judicial administration therein, and it is submitted that these instructions should be revoked, and in lieu thereof that the practice which has obtained in New Zealand for the last seventeen years be enjoined, namely —that the Governor, after receiving the report of the Judge should, with the advice of his responsible Ministers, taken either in Executive Council or otherwise, indicate what action was to be taken with respect to a sentence of death. For His Excellency the Governor. E. ~W. Staffoed.

No. 25. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 5.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,- — 15th February, 1868. With reference to your Grace's Despatch No. 73, of the 22nd November ultimo, covering letters from the War Office respecting Mr. Commissary-General Strickland, and to previous correspondence with my predecessor, Sir George Grey, on the same subject, I am now requested by my Responsible Advisers to transmit a further Memorandum prepared by Colonel Haultain, the Minister for Colonial Defence. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

Enclosure in No. 25. Memoeandttm by Colonel Hatjltaest. Me. Steickxand's position with reference to the Colony was in no way similar to tha,t of Dr. Mouatt. The latter officer was specially appointed by the Colonial Government, with the sanction of .General Cameron, to organize and supervise the local medical staff, and it was on his resignation of that appointment, and for very valuable services performed in that capacity, that it was proposed to remunerate him by a grant of land, as had been previously done in the cases of Major-General Galloway and Lieutenant-Colonel Pitt, under almost similar circumstances. Mr. Strickland's services were never placed at the disposal of the Colonial Government; he simply performed his duties as an Imperial officer, and he had no more claim to remuneration from the Colony than had every other officer and man of the Imperial force serving in New Zealand. On this ground only, as he is well aware, his non-official application for a grant of land was refused. This application was made by him to me in the month of October, 1866, and his defamatory letter was written on the Bth November following. The Secretary of State for War has, therefore, been misled by Mr. Strickland's letter of the 18th October, 1867, and has misunderstood the 6th paragraph of Sir George Grey's letter, No. 80, of the Bth August, 1867, when he arrives at the conclusion that a " partial," " personal," and " invidious " distinction " has intentionally " been made in Mr. Strickland's case, in consequence of his statements against the Colony. For His Excellency the Governor. T. M. llaultain".

No. 2G. Cory of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. P. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His ' Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 7.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 20th February, 1868/ I have the honor to forward herewith copies of a Memorandum (with six enclosures) submitted to me by my Responsible Advisers, showing the policy which they recommend for adoption in the matter of the general amnesty for political offences, recently suggested by the Provincial Council of Auckland; and also the present condition of the Maoris detained at the Chatham Islands. These papers will repay an attentive perusal. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

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Enclosure in No. 26. Mbmoeandtjm by Mr. Staitoed. Wellington, 11th February, 1868. A Letter dated the 3rd of December last, from the Superintendent of the Province of Auckland, enclosing a Resolution of the Provincial Council of that Province, recommending that a General Amnesty for all Political Offences be proclaimed, is submitted to the Governor. His Excellency cannot be advised to grant an indiscriminate amnesty of all " Political Offences," a term which would, in New Zealand, include many treacherous murders of unarmed persons. Nor has experience shown that proclamations granting a general pardon have had any beneficial or tranquillizing effect, or that the benevolent intention of the Government in issuing them is either understood or appreciated by the hostile Natives ; on the contrary, proclamations of this nature have been immediately followed by acts of aggression on the part of the Natives to whom they were addressed, who have even murdered, in cold blood, the bearers of these proclamations. The more prudent and practical course is to take advantage of every favourable opportunity as it arises of restoring confidence and re-establishing peace, and to foster the slightest indication shown by any tribe of returning to their allegiance, by dealing with each case on its own merits, and as its particular circumstances require. Whenever any rebel Natives have given any genuine, however informal, intimation of their desire to be at peace, the Government has hastened, on its part, to condone the past, and to give them every opportunity of proving their sincerity by future good behaviour. It has, moreover, in the case of Native Rebels sentenced by the Supreme Court to death or penal servitude, commuted, with but few exceptions, those sentences ; and has even liberated some of those Natives whoso conduct in gaol had been good, whenever particular circumstances justified such liberation. But this course of proceeding has been discriminative, and has been regulated by special considerations, and the Government has not, in an indiscriminate manner, pardoned those who contemptuously reject, equally with those who are willing to accept the clemency,of the Crown. The only political offenders in confinement were captured, in arms against the Queen, and have been placed for safe custody on the Chatham Islands. A numerical Return of these prisoners is enclosed. The women and children belong to their families, and have not been sent with them in any way of punishment, but have been allowed to accompany their husbands and fathers, with a view of adding to their domestic comfort. In the hope that the improved state of our relations with the Natives would justify the release of most, if not all of these prisoners, the Government addressed, on the 12th of December last, a letter (of which a copy is enclosed) to Mr. McLean, the Government Agent at Napier, with the view of ascertaining his opinion, which, from Mr. McLean's general knowledge of Native matters, and intimate acquaintance with the special circumstances of the capture of these prisoners, and of their individual character and influence, would be valuable in the highest degree, A copy of Mr. McLean's reply is enclosed. The reasons adduced by Mr. McLean against the release of any considerable portion of the prisoners appeared conclusive, and consequently only some of the most deserving have been released. Prior to their release, and with the object of fully ascertaining the condition, treatment, and general disposition of all the prisoners, the Government despatched Mr. Rolleston, the Under Secretary for Native Affairs, to the Chatham Islands, a copy of whose Report is enclosed for His Excellency's information. Erom that Report His Excellency will perceive that eight prisoners and some women and children have been brought back and sent in freedom to their homes, and that the general condition of the prisoners is on the whole satisfactory, remedies having been applied whore there were any causes of complaint. In addition to those who were released, on the occasion of Mr. Rolleston's visit, three other prisoners, accompanied by two women and four children, had previously been released. A copy of a letter written and published by these men is enclosed. Thus while the treatment of the prisoners has been characterized by leniency and kindness, there is little doubt that their temporary removal from the districts in which they fomented rebellion, and were captured in active hostility against ourselves, has tended much to the re-establishment of tranquillity and has saved both races from much bloodshed. As questions connected with the amnesty referred to by the Provincial Council of Auckland, and on the subject of the Chatham Island prisoners, may arise in the Imperial Parliament, His Excellency is requested to transmit copies of this Memorandum, and of its enclosures, to the Right Honorable the Secretary of State for the Colonies. For His Excellency the Governor. E. W. Staitoed.

Sub-Enclosure 1 to Enclosure in No. 26. His Honor the Sitpekintendent of Auckland to the Honourable the Colonial Secbetaet. (No. 214, Book 31.) Superintendent's Office, Sic, — Auckland, 3rd December, 1867. I have the honor to enclose herewith copy of a Resolution passed unanimously by the Provincial Council of this Province, on the 29th ultimo, expressing the wish of the Council (for the reasons set forth in the Eesolution) that a general amnesty for all political offences should be proclaimed with as little delay as possible. Believing, as I do, that a growing desire exists in the minds of the Native people who have for some time past been regarded as hostile to the Queen's authority, and to the settlement of Europeans in some of the districts in this Island, south of Auckland, that peaceful relations might be again restored, and that the course desired by the Council to be taken would lead to a more speedy fulfilment of an end so much and so generally wished for, I have no hesitation in expressing my concurrence with the Resolution adopted by the Council, aud in earnestly commending it to the favourable consideration of His Excellency the Governor. I have, &c, The Hon. the Colonial Secretary, J. Williamson, "Wellington. Superintendent.

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Enclosure. Address Wo. 2. — Session XXll. Exteact from the Journals of the Auckland Provincial Council, Friday, 29th November, ISG7. Resolved —" 1. That in the opinion of this Council it is expedient —in order to secure the pacification of the Country and the welfare of both races residing in this part of the Colony—that a general amnesty for all political offences be proclaimed with as little delay as possible. "2. That an Address be presented to His Honor the Superintendent conveying the above Resolution, with a request that he will forward the same to His Excellency the Governor." (True Extract.) G. Matteice O'Roeke, Speaker. His Honor the Superintendent.

Sub-Enclosure 2 to Enclosure in No. 26. RETURN of MAORIS taken in Arms and sent to the CHATHAM ISLANDS.

RETURN of DEATHS of PRISONERS, WOMEN, and CHILDREN, at the CHATHAM ISLANDS.

Sub-Enclosure 3 to Enclosure in No. 26. The Hon. E. W. Stafford to His Honor D. McLean. (No. 1429.) Colonial Secretary's Office, Sib,— Wellington, 12th December, 1867. The gradual restoration of tranquillity in the Northern Island, and the generally improved state of the relations of the two races towards each other, render it desirable, in the opinion of the Government, that His Excellency the Governor should be advised to grant an amnesty to most if not to all of the Native political offenders who, after being captured in arms against Her Majesty, were placed and still remain in confinement at the Chatham Islands.

Name of Tribe. Where Captured. Date when sent to Chatham Islands. CD o d •a 11 Bcmarks. Pc Aitanga a Mahaki 39 45 3 30 Waerenga a hika 10 Mar., 1866 23 April,1866 TIic following numbers of women and children were allowed to accompany the prisoners to tho Chatham Islands : — w. c. On 10th March 10 19 „ 23rd April 30 11 „ 23rd October 8 „ 28th December 12 7 KfgatikaEungami Rongowhakaato (principally' Ngatihineuru Wnikato Ngatituatopu Ngatitu Ngatikahungumi Ngatimaahu Rongowhakaata luhourangi Ngatikuminokihu Ngatimatipu Uriwera Ngatiraunui Whanaki Pfgatiraukawa VVairarapa J 52 21 To Wairoa Waerenga a hika Omaranui and Pctane 10 June, 1866 (landed) 23 Oct., 1866 28 Dec., 1866 (landed) 6* 11 173 60 37 Died at C. Islands* 2 6 ,, 58 31 Born at C. Islands ... 12 58 43 Returned, 25thOct.,") 18G7, 2 w. 4 e. ( „ Ditto, 1st Feb., 18G8.C "* 4 w. 9 c. ) — — Total remaining 52 30 (Eeturns to 30tl Colonial Defence Off Wellington, 1 iN. OYembcr, 1307.) * Vide Return if Deaths attached. _ce, lth February, 1868.

Ifarne. Sex. Date of Death. Age. Cause of Death. [haia Haraea fTeremata F Feremaia Kahu Kahu fViremu Parehina Rihara Tatua ion of Tupeka Male Female 5 April, 1866 12 April „ 11 May 25 June „ 60 years 2 „ 64 „ 26 „ Age not given 45 years 24 3 „ Debility. Mesenteric disease. General decay. Disease of heart, with asthma. Hydrooele. Dysentery and influenza. Tubercular disease. Ifsmo of disease not given (treated by themselves) . Consumption. Exhaustion from sea-sickness. Congestion of brain. Malformation. Measles (treated by themselves). Tabes Mesenter. Male 31 July " 6 August „ 30 Sept. „ marine Parata liori Puru [nfant Cupake Co Waua Female Male 4 Dec. „ 29 Dec. 10 June, 1867 16 Juno „ 26 Sept. 28 Nov. 16 „ 28 „ 5 months 48 hours 6 years 3 „ !N"ot given Female Male Colonial Defence Office, Wellington, 11th Februar; ■, 1868.

A.—No. 1.

The Government, howerer, before it takes definite steps in this matter, is desirous of ascertaining your views, which are the more valuable from your intimate knowledge, not only of the particular circumstances under which these Natives were sent to the Chatham Islands, and of the state of the districts to which, if released, they would probably return, but also of the individual character of many, if not all of the prisoners, and their probable conduct if set free. I have accordingly to request you to be good enough to state your opinion as to the probable effect of such amnesty, and, in the event of your taking a favourable view, to specify the names of those you would recommend to be included within its terms, and also to suggest any precautions or conditions which you consider it would be advisable to adopt in connection with the release of the prisoners. I enclose for your information a nominal list of the Native prisoners at the Chatham Islands, showing the districts to which they respectively belong, and the places where they were captured. It should be distinctly understood that the amnesty will not include prisoners, if any, who may have committed treacherous murders of unarmed persons. I have, Ac, His Honor D. McLean, Government Agent, Napier. E. W. Stafford. Sub-Enclosure 4 to Enclosure in No. 26. His Honor D. McLean to the Hon. E. W. Stafford. Sic, — "Wellington, 7th January, 1868. I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 12th ultimo, having reference to the granting of an amnesty to most, if not to all the Native political offenders, who, after being captured in arms against Her Majesty, were placed and still remain in confinement at the Chatham Islands. Having carefully considered the subject of your letter, I have come to the conclusion that a general amnesty would be attended with danger to the peace of the country; and lam further of opinion that hostilities, or even the prospect of any attempt to disturb the peace, should be at an end before releasing any considerable number of the prisoners. A few of the prisoners now at the Chatham Islands were released from the hulk at Auckland, and notwithstanding assurances of good behaviour, they became violent promoters of rebellion. With the experience of the past for our guidance, great caution should be used in granting a general amnesty. It is possible that no danger would result from allowing a few of the best behaved prisoners permission to return. I submit the names of those to whom this privilege could be extended; and should Mr. Rolleston, during his visit to the Chatham Islands, feel satisfied that they are deserving of this indulgence, they might be landed at Napier, and I could place them under the charge of reliable chiefs with whom they are connected. The names are taken from the list of the Poverty Bay Natives, taken at Wacrengahika. I have, &c, The Hon. the Colonial Secretary, "Wellington. Donald McLean. Wi Mahuika. Hohepa Tahataha. Horomona Tutaki. Bpeniha Tupuna. Te Wirihana Tupcka. Tipene Tutaki. Eawiri Noti. Netana Eeha. Heta Kani. Hohepa Waikore. Sub-Enclosure 5 to Enclosure in No. 26. Report by Mr. Rolleston (Under Secretary, Native Department,) on condition of Native Prisoners at the Chatham Islands. Sir,— Wellington, 3rd February, 1868. In obedience to the instructions I received to proceed to the Chatham Islands for the purpose of inquiring into the general condition of the prisoners, and of bringing back and releasing some of their number, if, upon inquiry, it appeared advisable to do so, I have the honor to report that I proceeded in the " St. Kilda" to the Chatham Islands on the 22nd ultimo, and returned to Wellington early on the morning of the Ist insjant (Saturday), with the prisoners named in the margin, together with the son (a young boy) of Teopira, one of the prisoners who returned on a previous occasion, and an elderly woman who was in charge of him, making a total of eight men, five women, and ton children. The list differs from that given by Mr. McLean in his letter of the 7th January, in the substitution of the name of Hemi Taka Te Whiwhi for that of Hohepa Waikore, and in the omission of Hohepa Taka Taka and Horomona Tutaki, the former of whom preferred to remain, and the latter of whom though desirous of returning determined to stay behind to attend the death-bed of one of his friends. This act of unselfish devotion is the more praiseworthy as he himself is far from well in health. ' I found'that the " Storm Bird " was on the point of sailing for Napier the same morning at eleven a.m., and I obtained the sanction of the Honorable Major Richardson, to sending off the whole number by this opportunity to Napier. The Company agreed to take them for the sum of twenty-five pounds, being at about half the ordinary rates. I wrote to Mr. McLean requesting him to give the necessary instructions for their disposal in Napier. It appeared the more desirable to send them away at once, as intercourse with the discontented Natives in this neighbourhood, would be likely to be productive of no good in the minds of men whose general feeling is that of satisfaction with the treatment they have received. The conduct of all the prisoners has been such that I saw no reason to hesitate as to the liberation of these men. It was on the suggestion of Captain Thomas that I substituted the name of the old man Hemi Taka Te Whiwhi, whose age and good conduct made the change desirable. 9

Natana Puka, wife and three children. WirihanaTupcka r wife and two children. Rawiri Noti and child. Henri Taka Te Wliiwhi. Wi Mahuika. Ilcta Kana. Tipenc Tutaki, wife and three children. Epcna Tupuna and wife.

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ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

A.—No. 1

I enclose a copy of notes of a meeting I had with the whole body of the prisoners in the Chatham. Islands, and of a letter which I addressed to Captain Thomas, on the principal points which I considered required immediate attention. With regard to the general control exercised by Captain Thomas in the Chatham Islands, I may state that so far as I could learn from personal observation, his kindliness of manner and honesty of purpose, have won for him considerable influence among the Natives ; and the way in which he discharges his duties to both races in a position rendered very difficult by the conflicting interests and animosities of a young and disorganized community appears satisfactory. The influence he has obtained with the Native prisoners has, I think, prevented any evil result, which might have been entailed by what on a cursory view, I cannot but look upon as the unsatisfactory character of the military guard. The redoubt is, I believe, admitted to be practically useless for the purpose for which it was constructed, and a considerable number of the guard have figured rather as a public nuisance—than as a protection or example of discipline and order to the community. Tho support of the two public-houses is mainly due to these men, and drunkenness and other lawless habits have sprung up in a previously quiet and orderly locality. If a military guard is still to be kept up, I respectfully submit that a smaller number of efficient well-paid men would answer the same purpose as the present force, which, when complete, consists of two officers, besides Captain Thomas, two non-commissioned officers, and twenty-four men. I do not think that even the present force as now constituted would be of any material good were any serious difficulties to arise, but the existence of a guard of some sort is a necessary precaution to prevent the necessity arising for a larger force. As to tho constitution of the guard, I think that one good officer under Captain Thomas, who should speak the Maori language, would be sufficient. Ho should actively supervise the non-commissioned officers, and see to the efficient discharge of the duties of the medical officer. Tho number of non-commissioned officers and men need not be greater than sufficient to keep up a sentry. The present system of supplying rum and rations might be adviintageously altered, at least after a time, and the men be made to provide themselves. I give the above opinion with considerable diffidence having no knowledge or experience of military matters, but feeling strongly that some chango is required on the grounds of economy and efficiency. The monthly pay of the guard amounts to about £170, or £2,C40 per annum. I would submit for consideration whether a sufficient police force, who would form part of the general scheme of an Aimed Constabulary, might not well be substituted for the present ill-organized semi-military guard, lean see no necessity for supplying rum and rations. On tho subject of the medical officer, it will be seen from my letter to Captain Thomas, and from the notes of the prisoners' statements, that the evidence was conflicting. The statement of the sick Natives, made without conference, was uniformly and unhesitatingly to the effect that they were neglected. There was no independent testimony to be obtained. I must state that I was far from satisfied on the matter; as I have requested Captain Thomas to report his opinion, I will say no more. It is needless to observe what cruelties may bo perpetrated from forcing men to work when suffering from sickness. I enclose a Beturn prepared at my request by Sergeant Elliott, showing the number of men engaged by private individuals, and on public works. My letter to Captain Thomas will show tho opinion I formed on this subject. I may state that upwards of £100 w<as earned by prisoners during shearing alone. I submit that Captain Thomas might have special directions, giving him authority to employ the prisoners on the ground set apart for a Eesident Magistrate's house. If the directions contained in my letter to Captein Thomas are approved, I would respectfully suggest that Captain Thomas should be informed to that effect. I have, &c, The Hon. J. C. Eichmond, Wellington. W. Eolleston, Under Secretary.

Enclosure 1. JSuelonur* Z

3?MC-lo»ure 3

Enclosures. Notes of a Mooting with the Prisoners on Monday Evening, 27th January, at 7 p.m. I explained briefly that I had brought them a message from the Government, —that in compliance ■with a promise given some time ago that some of their number should return if well conducted; I was ready to take back with me those whose names I read out. It rested with them to go or stay as they pleased. I was here also to hear anything they had to say to the Government. Nepia (Omaranui) said: "He was glad to hoar of the goodwill and mercy of the Government, and glad to see me here to announce it. Eor his part ho did wrong in rebelling, because of his youth; and he had suffered severely for it both here and in New Zealand. At night he was at ease, but he was punished by day. The day trouble was that they were ordered to work when not well. When, told to work they said ' wait a bit,' but those in command said 'go at once.' They had to work too on wet days. They had few clothes, and the cold climate made this a great hardship." Second complaint. —When leaving, Bishop Williams told them to adhere to their religion, and when they arrived, Captain Thomas gave them books. Then some of their number gave information that they were having Hau Hau services. If it had not been for Captain Thomas they would liave left off service altogether. Third complaint.—They were ordered to fall in and their private parts exposed. They would have been badly off if it had not been for Captain Thomas. On my saying that these were matters which Captain Thomas would inquire into and deal with, ho said it was true Captain Thomas had not heard of these complaints. Their principal complaints were, that Bob (Sergeant Elliott) had oppressed them. The Doctor too was no use, or his medicines. Wi Mahuika (Poverty Bay) said he was gratified to hear that he might go if he liked. He had been longing to get back, though he does not know where he is to go. That is for the Government to say. As to what the last speaker said, there were very few grounds of complaint against those in command, they were for the most part very good to them. The erection of the barracks and the

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ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OE STATE.

35

A.—No. 1

construction of roads were the work they had been set to do. If men say they are not sick, they are made to work, otherwise they are not. Bob sometimes makes them work. Their prayers have been interfered with. They were asked whether their prayers were Hau llau, and some of their number gave information that they were. When disobedient, they were kicked and cuffed. He was not here when the examination took place. Horomona Tutahi (Bishop's Teacher) : " Their troubles were not very great. One cause was the exposing of the men and women. The second, the interference with their prayers. People came in smoking when they were praying." On being asked who did this, he said " Bob and the guard." He would not have it understood that the officers did this. I had better settle whether they should go or stay. Epena Tupuna gave the usual expressions of welcome. " The fault was all with him because he rose against the Bishop ;he was here very justly. If told to go he will go, and if told to stay he will stay. The Government sent them here, and they were all very happy. Don't let Government take them away one by ono. Let them all go or all stay." Henare Pata (Omaranui) : "Mr. McLean's words were 'Be quiet.' His crime had been the following of a strange God. Their prayers were interfered with, owing perhaps to the action of their own people." They have done as Mr. McLean told them. The interference with their prayers was the only real complaint. He wished I should so arrange that there will be no more of this. Rewi (Wairoa). He was ashamed to come forward because of his crimes. Spoke of the kindness of the Government in allowing some to go back ; but did not wish it to be left to them to decide whether they should go. Nikora (Assessor, Omaranui,) sang a song of welcome and love for their old country ; then greeting and acknowledgment of the love of the Government. Objected to only part going. Karanama gave similar expressions of welcome and good feeling, and of his own repentance and gratitude. Alluded to the shooting of a prisoner. They were satisfied that no blame was due on that account. Captain Thomas saw to that. When they had to go to work, if not quick, they were told to " hook it; " and then they were kicked and struck with thejjfist. Elliott is the man who has done this. I have told Captain Thomas of that word. I inquired whether this had often happened. He replied : " Hemi Pakuru was told to ' hook it' when sick. He was killed through work. Meihana I saw kicked at Tikitiki: that caused sickness and he is dead. Te Atarau was another. From the same cause he is sick. These are the men I have seen : also Eopata and Herewini. To this day I have done no wrong to those in command. Why, if you have come to show love to us, do you select one and leave another." Karanama (No. 2) : " As to the words of the last speaker and of Ncpia, we have seen the cause of evil in hurrying us to put on our clothes, telling us to " hook it," and kicking us. The word of Captain Tuke was, ' Leave Jehovah and keep to Christ,'" alluding, I believe to the Hau Hau partiality for the Old Testament. "He threatened to shoot us for following Hau Hau practices." He proceeded to complain of the examination of the women, and the general neglect of the medical officer. Petere (Omaranui) sang a song of the war from the beginning. Hohepa Taka Taka said he would rather stay behind. Hemi Taka To Whiwhi came forward somewhat ecstatically, said ho would take his name Wliarekauri to Wellington. He laid down at my feet a carved stick. Wirihana said he would go, though it was not his wish. Itawiri: " I will go." Heta : " I will go." Puka : " I will go." Tipene : " I will go." Epene Tupuna gave a song. Horomona Tutaki said he would go, as it was the thought of the Government; would like to take liia son Tamati Petera, who was ill; he was anxious to take him. I told him I would inquire into the case. I ascertained from the doctor afterwards, and from seeing Tamati myself, that he was quite unfit to move. Ho pressed very urgently to be taken, alleging that if Horomona was taken there would be no one to take care of him. I told him he was unfit to go, and on asking Horomona whether he would stay and take care of him, he said he would. The sight of the two men with tears in their eyes was one of the most touching I have seen. Henero Pata said :"As to work for Europeans, his work was hard, and his pay was small. When on road work at Kaingaroa he got no pay, and at Wharekauri he received no pay. He thought that if they worked at a distance they ought to be paid, as it was not properly Government work. At Wharekauri he got three and a-half bags of flour, and when Major Edwards came he got payment for some work." Nikora spoke again, expressing satisfaction generally, and saying that it only remained for them to obey their rulers, and to pray to God. Nepia said that he thought if they worked for Captain Thomas they should receive no pay ; but that if they worked for any one else they should—even if working for the doctor or Mr. Shand. Heremaia complained of the doctor, who does not know his work, and says men arc shamming. They are sent to work and die.

Sic,— Waitangi, 28th January, 1868. At the meeting which took place yesterday evening with tho prisoners certain statements were made to which I wish to draw your attention. Eirst: The Natives complain of harshness of treatment on the occasion of their being called on to go to their work, and that they have been subjected to kicks and blows for not responding with sufficient alacrity to the instructions of the non-commissioned officers set over them. They complain, secondly : Of interference with their religious worship ; and, Thirdly: That on ono occasion they were subjected to an unnecessary indignity in the exposure of their persons for a medical examination. General negligence on the part of the Medical Officer was also complained of, and there is

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DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OE NEW

evidently a feeling among the Natives that he does not understand when they have maladies which incapacitate them from work. The death of several of their number was attributed to their being caused to work under such circumstances. The cases of Hami Pakuru, who it was said died from tho effects of work, and of Meihana, who was stated to have been kicked at Tikitiki, were instanced, as well as those of Te Atarau, Ilopata, and Herewini. Objections were also raised by the prisoners to their being ordered out, as they alleged, to work for settlers ; rather, however, as I understood them, because they wished to be able to dictate terms of payment, than that they had any hardship to complain of. On the first point, I would observe that the Natives appear, as far as I could learn,'almost without exception, to be entirely satisfied with the general supervision and caro which has been exercised by yourself for their comfort and good treatment, of which both on this and other occasions they have spoken in high terms. The grievances of which they complain do not, for tho most part, seem to have been of so serious a character as to induce them to appeal to you on the subject. Their allegations respecting his own conduct towards them are in a measure admitted by Sergeant Elliott, whoso statement I append, and I think it very desirable that you should warn the noncommissioned officers to abstain from causing irritation by petty acts of insult and tyranny, which are wrong in themselves, and would be deeply felt even by men of less sensitive temperament than the Maoris, when in a similar position. The difference between political offenders unconvictcd of any crime, and men under sentence as ordinary criminals, may not be appreciated by those immediately entrusted with the direction of the labour on which the Natives are employed, and this consideration added to the generally low view which is taken by a large section of the community, of the relations of European to coloured races, makes watchfulness the more necessary, to prevent any abuse of power. With regard to the second point of complaint respecting an alleged intorferance with their religious freedom, it appears that tho wishes of the Natives have been consulted, and no reasonable indulgence as to the time and manner of their worship has been denied. The only interference which has taken place, was on the representation some of the prisoners that Hail Hau practices were being observed. By the course adopted it would seem that an incipient evil was checked. The evidence given to me as to the complaint respecting the examination of the prisoners by the Medical Officer, is attached; you will furnish your report to the Hon. Defence Minister on this subject. The allegations made by the Natives generally, as to the negligence and incapacity of the Medical Officer, were reiterated to-day in your presence by the sick Natives; with these however, the statement of Sergeant Elliott, which is attached, is entirely at variance. The Native friends of Atarau stated that he had had no medical attendance for a fortnight. Mr. Watson informed me that his complaint was consumption in an advanced stage, which had been accelerated from an injury to his back from carrying heavy weights. Tamati Patera, who is in a very weak and emaciated condition, complained of neglect and want of medical comforts. Sergeant Elliott's statement is entirely contrary to that of both these men. They should, I think, be removed from the ground and placed on one of the stretchers. At Tamati Patera's earnest request to be allowed to return, I promised that if his health admitted of his removal by the next steamer he should then return. His relative. Horomona, who though offered the-opportunity of returning to-morrow, has decided to remain to take care of Tamati, will of course accompany him. In the absence of further instructions, I have to request that you will have this promise carried out. Without any professional knowledge, I must entirely dissent from the statement of Mr. Watson, in his memorandum of this day's date, that the old man Ropata is in good health. Mr. Shand, for whom he was working, confirms the fact of his illness. Herewini's case appears to leave more room for doubt, but his statement that ho has severe pains in his loins and is passing blood, is sufficient to call for a suspension of the ordinary routine of work. With regard to Komaru, who has a suppurating sore on his thigh, a,nd who stated that he had had a ball lodged in it since tho battle of Waerengi o Heka, 1 am at a loss to conceive how ho can be stated to be in good health. It will be necessary that the greatest attention should be given to prevent any further cause of complaint on this head, and with this view Mr. Watson should leave daily at your office a list of all sick Natives, attested by the officer in charge, and giving tho nature of their complaint and the remedies proscribed and supplied. I would further urge the necessity of your personal inspection of each case, and tho telling off of attendants with proper precautions for securing medical comforts where necessary to each patient. If possible the Natives should be induced when sick to remove to the Hospital. lam also of opinion that Europeans should at all times be prohibited from entering the enclosure in which the prisoners' huts stand without leave from yourself. The guard should have very strict orders on this point. With regard to the employment of the prisoners on public works, or in the service of private individuals, it appears to have been clearly understood that no work other than for the maintenance, benefit or comfort for the prisoners was allowable, till due provision had been made for these objects. I am of opinion that a larger extent of wheat should be sown for another year, and the preparation of the ground will give a mode of employment to which no objection can be raised. The wheat sent for seed last year appears to have been insufficient. If a much larger extent than was required for the use of the prisoners were grown, the proceeds of the surplus amount might be devoted to the purchase of stores of a different kind which are now supplied by the Government. I think that without introducing any marked changes, work of this character should be provided in preference to any other. There can be but little doubt that to allow habits of idleness to be contracted would be mischievous, and tend to diminish the control which at present appears to be very good. The evil effect which might follow upon any sudden change would, I think, render it unadvisablo entirely to abolish the practice which has grown up of allowing the prisoners on their own wish to earn wages from settlers, a practice which they appear to regard with considerable favour. Any such arrangement should be, and I understand has hitherto been made, only with your consent,

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OE STATE.

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A.—No. 1.

and as an indulgence, and in every instance where the prisoners are privately employed the Government should be entirely relieved of expense. The advisability, however, of making private, or what is called public, employment, exceptional and secondary to work over which you are able to exercise a personal supervision, so as to prevent abuse of power, is, I think, obvious. I append a copy of a statement made by the Medical Officer relative to the assertion of the prisoners respecting him. The general feeling among the Natives that they derive no benefit from his services appears to be very strong, and without entering into the question of his general competence, I think his physical incapacity renders his continuance in office undesirable. » I have to request that you will report your opinion on these subjects to the Hon. the Defence Minister. I have, &c, W. Eolleston. To Captain Thomas, E.M., Chatham Islands. Under Secretary. Statement by Sergeant Elliott as to the Medical Officer. The doctor, as a rule, visits the barracks every morning, after which either Ashby or myself go round with him through each whare. As I go, I always make a memorandum in my books of the men, women, and children who are sick. I am acquainted with the cases of those now sick. [Sergeant Elliott here gave the names of a number, including Te Atarau, Tamati Patera, Horomona, and others.] Tamati Patera has had port wine. I offered it to him myself the day before yesterday, when he refused it. He has half a pound of meat daily. I send the meat daily when I issue to the guard. To Atarau also has the same quantity. As to the statement respecting the ill-usage by myself, it is possible that I may have occasionally used somewhat rough measures in cases where the Doctor has informed me that the prisoners were shirking their work on the unfounded plea of sickness ; on their refusing to turn out I may have given them a kick Eead over to Sergeant Elliott, 28th January, 1868. W. Eolleston. Mr. Shanb's statement as to examination of Prisoners by the Doctor. I was instructed by Captain Thomas to render such assistance as might be required, to enable the inspection to be made. The inspection was held in a little place made for the purpose, by partitioning off the end of the verandah of No. 3 whare with blankets, not inside the whare. No one but the Doctor was present at the inspection. I was at the gate of the enclosure, about ten yards off. Sergeant Elliott was three or four yards off. The men and women entered the place to be examined singly. The women raised objections to me and to Sergeant Elliott, they said nothing was the matter with them, and it was not fair they should be examined. All the women were examined except three or four. No force that lam aware of was used. Eead over to Mr. Shand by me. W. Eolleston.

Statement by Dr. Watson. In making the inspection I acted under orders from Captain Thomas. I had been made aware of a case of gonorrhea, and reported it to Captain Thomas. I considered it necessary that there should be an inspection of the whole number of prisoners to prevent the spread of the disease. A place was constructed for the purpose, and each person was taken in separately. They were not made to stand in a row. Sergeant Elliott was outside, and took from me the description of the disease of each person, whatever the disease might be. The men and women were called in separately, there was no muster, but they were summoned from their whares. ISTo one was present with me in the tent. Some of them objected to the examination at the time. There were no cases of venereal disease other than the one first-mentioned. I did not consider it sufficient to ask them whether they were suffering from disease, as they are disposed to hide anything of the kind from me. The one case mentioned was a severe one of phirnosis. A halfcaste prisoner, who speaks English, was close by, and interpreted. No officer was present. Eead over to Dr. Watson. W. Eolleston.

Statement by Dr. Watson. I visit the sick prisoners every morning, at ten a.m., with the Sergeant in charge, or Private Ashby. I have seen Tamati Patera and Atarau every day. They are past all hope, and beyond ordering them wine and soup, I have nothing to do for them. Eopata is superannuated, but has no actual disease. lam confident that Herewini is scheming to avoid work. Komaru is suffering from the effect of a wound caused by lifting a stone. Either Ashby or myself sees that medical comforts are administered. Eead over to Dr. Watson, 29th January, 1868. W. Eolleston.

"Will Captain Thomas be good enough to instruct the Medical Officer to furnish a report of the cases of the following prisoners : —Te Atarau, Tamati Petera, Eopata, Herewini, Komaru. With regard to Tamati Petera, he is requested to state whether he is so ill as not to be moved without risk. "W. Eollesxon, 2Sth January, 1868. ■ Under Secretary.

Report forwarded herewith. —W. E. Thomas, E.M. I do hereby certify that I have examined the undermentioned Maori prisoners, viz.: —Tamati Petera and Te Atarau. These two, in my opinion, are "unfit to remove, being in such a weak state. Bopata Kahuina, Heriwini Puarangei, Komaru. These three men are all in a state of good health. John Watson, M.D. 10

A.—No. 1.

RETURN shewing how MAORI PRISONERS have been EMPLOYED at the Chatham Islands from March, 1868, to December, 1867.

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DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OE NEW

Date. PsiSOJfEKS EMPLOYED ON GOVERNMENT WOBKS. K"rMBEE OI Pbisonebs employed by civilian's. iSlCK AND! I Useless. Deaths. [ Employed BY Q-OVEBNltENT OlTICEBS. Total. On Rations. Rations. Rate of Pay Pee Day WITH Ratioks. By whom Employed. HOW L0N& Employed. Remakes. i 1866. March 16th to 31st April 1st to 30th May June 34 5 39 39 Government 1G days Erecting their whares ; rainy "weather. 32 74 108 7 11 6 1 39 85 115 86 85 114 ditto ditto ditto During April During May During June Ditto ditto. j^o. 2 lot erecting whares ; So. 1, Barrack whares. K"os. 1 and 2, Barrack whares; Wo. 3, their own whares. Half of "So. 3 erecting their whares ; the remainder of No. 3 from the Gaol working in the Barrack trenches ; Nos. 1 and 2, Barrack whares. 1 Erecting their new whares on the land selected by >- Captain Thomas, R.M., their former site being ) too swampy. General works. " 1 July 104 9 1 114 113 a O O ho o S ditto During July August September October ... 102 105 103 157 10 7 6 10 1 113 112 112 186 112 112 112 179 ditto August 3 7 32 3 7 Mr. Alexander Alexander and Marshall Beamish Bros. 11 days During November December.., 142 10 24 10 180 176 10 80 cutting firewood for " St. Iulda," 50 on Barrack fatigue, 10 filling sand bags for Redoubt. 1867. Januarv 38 6 6 10 41 16 31, or during Jan. 7 days 1st to 31st Foot path to Church. Building house for Chudleigh. General works for Mr. Alexander. Thatching house for Clerk of the Court. Cutting Road at Kaingaroa and Touhounga. Building house for Alexander at the Nio. Road making, Kaingaroa. General works. Thatching his house. General works. 16, building house and fencing; 37, building hospital. 5, building house, &c. 6 prisoners in cells. Planting potatoes at Te Omi and Government works. Government Officers. Boat's Crew to Pitts' Island. General works. General works. )? ... "e Mr. Alexander "67 February ... "e I ... 6 Mr. Alexander 20 1 2 1 16 5 31 "l5 ?) >? March 37 184 174 i 10 16 5 Mr. Chudleigh A. Shand,Esq,J.P. Mr. Marshall Mr. Clmdleigh Mr. Marshall 28 days 28 days 6 56 16 ... 1st to 29th 5* ;> 29 ;j 5 8 6 ... 8 6 Mr. Marshall Mr. Alexander 5! )j As per contract As per contract ...

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ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

iETTTBN S11 owing ,ow 1AOEI PbISONEES .ave been Iiiploted at tli .at! am am .S— 'continue! Date. Wfmbee op Prisoners employed on gotep.xmext WOEES. NuMBEB OB Prisoners employed by Civilians. Sick AND Useless. Deaths. Employed by Opeicees. Total. On Rations. Off Rations. Rate op Pay pee Day By whom Employed. How Lon& Employed. Eemaeks, WITH Rations. . 1867. April 1st to 31st ;j 99 38 6 6 5 17 13 Marshall Mr. Chudleigh Owenga, road making. General works. Building house, and fencing. Preparing potatoe ground. Repairing hospital. Prisoners in cells. !) 1 183 161 22 Government May 1st to 31st 47 20 18 Pi CD to la O to o E=4 Government 1st to 30th Making road to Owenga. Government employ. Flax for thatching Barrack whares. Captain Thomas. )> Government 6 )> 30 8 26 1 1 3 16 ' 8 Mr. Trail Dr. Watson Mr. Alexander Beamish. Baucke Interpreter Government Sei'gt. Eymnore Prisoners cells. 18 days During May Building house for Mr. Trail. General works. General worts. General "works. General works. General works. At To Onio, with potatoes. Sergeant-Major. Prisoners in cells (6). >j » » 1 1 3 j> >> )> 2 i » ?) i June 1st to 30th 183 170 8 8 3 8 6 2 16 Hoods Ritchie 10 on Owenga Road, 35 on the K"io Road. Sergeant-Major Fynmore, 8 men. 7, Alexander. 3, Chudleigh. 8 Natives of Chatham Islands. 1, Shand, J.P., Government Works. Cutting firewood, 12s. per cord. Employed on Government works. jj 2 Shan'd" J.P. Beamish Government )> 5) 16 183 148 July 1st to 31st 30 days 6 44 6 3 5 29 50 29 6 6 73 3 5 Government ditto 1st to 31st Tiki Tiki, cutting a road; 3 to M. Taylor and Co. Sundries, Government works, 5 to Mr. Selwood. M ))

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DESPATCHES FEOM THE GOVERNOR OE NEW

;etuen si :0wing how AOBI 'eisonees ave been Employed at the Chatham Islands — (continued.) Date. NuMBEB OF Pbisoneks employed on Government Woeks. hy tmbee op Peisoneks Sick and i Useless. Deaths. Employed by goveenment Officehs. Total. On Rations. Off Rations. Rate oe Pay Pee Day WITH Rations. By wiiom Employed. Period op Employment. Remakes. employed by Civilians. 1867. July 1st to 31st 7 82 ... 7 82 1 8 i Ritchie itcliie and Shand 1st to 31st 1st to 31st Planting their wheat on Tiki Tiki. August ii ») September ... iio 8 153 3 5 14 (not on ration) 6 5 29 14 183 161 22 O .if o o Dr. Watson Mr. Selwood Mr. Selwood 1st to 31st 1st to 31st Planting wheat, building whales, Barrack fatigue, boathouse, burning lime, stonework, and sawing timber. As per their own contract; 14, Government officers. 29, sick and useless; 14, employed by civilians. Captain Thomas and Mr. Baucke. Planting potatoes, 97; cutting stone, 6; gaol, 2 ; sawing timber, 6; lime, 6; boathouse, 6; married quarters, 30. Dr. Watson and Mr. Ritchie sick and useless. Planting potatoes, burning lime, Government officers, boat house. October 168 2 23 10 183 176 7 ... >, 5 Dr. Watson, married quarters, Owenga road, Captain Thomas and Mr. Ritchie. November ... 133 50 (included in the 50) 50 Sheep shearing at £1 per 100, for Captain Tuke, Messrs. Chudleigh, Alexander, Beamish, Marshall, Shand, Shand, sen., J.P., Ritchie. Captain Thomas, Messrs. Tuke, Shand, Alexander, Mr. Hunt, Shand, sen., J.P., Ritchie, Chatham Island Maories. As per their own agreement from 1st July, 1867. December ,,, 143 24 13 156 24

A.—No. 1

Sub-Enclosure 6 to Enclosure in No. 26. Translation of a Letter from released Prisoners to Editor of Waka Maori newsjiaper. My Fkiend, — Napier, 22nd January, 1868. Here are we, I and my friend, just returned from exile, that is to say, from Wharekauri (Chatham Islands). We were carried there as prisoners on account of our Hauhau antecedents. We belong to the Kongowhakaata tribe, of Turanga. We have now seen the evil of Ilauhauism— its result is calamity and sorrow. We must have been in a state of monomania when we joined them (the Hauhaus). But where is there a man in the whole world who has no faults ? When wo joined the Hauhaus we thought their aims were legitimate and praiseworthy; but we now utterly abjure them and their faith. Wo can never again be deceived. We desire to say a few words with reference to Wharekauri. On our arrival there we were taken on shore by the Pakeha. Having landed, we ascended to the settlement of Te Aitanga-a-Mahaki (prisoners from Turanga), which stands upon the cliffs by the shore, and here we had a tangi. Pood was presented to us in the shape of potatoes, flour, tea, and preserved albatross. Subsequently we built our houses : the sides we built of ponga (a species of fern tree), and the roofs we thatched with flax, as no toetoo is to be found in that land. The tasks imposed upon us consisted of building houses for our Pakeha guards, working at the barracks, defences, and road making. The generosity and kindness of the Pakeha to us was great. They did not return evil for evil, but they fed us and clothed us. The welcome afforded us by the Ngatiawa residents consisted in profession only, but they gave us no food. The aboriginal inhabitants, the Morioris, are now living in peace upon the land of their birth. In olden times they were frequently slaughtered by the Ngatiawas (the invaders of the island), but since Christianity became universal they have been permitted to live as free men in peace. But they hold no land nevertheless, the Ngatiawas have it all. These people, the Ngatiawas, have just now commenced their return to Taranaki. But, before leaving, they took care to sell all the land to the Pakehas, leaving but a small portion to the Morioris; but, probably, the Government will look after the interests of the Morioris. The Ngatiawas and the Morioris have been suffering severely from the measles. Probably not less than fifty in all have died. We only lost two, and they were both young children. The Ngatiawas say they are returning (to this country) from a desire to occupy their lands at Taranaki—the Pakehas having taken possession of Wharekauri. When arrived at Port Nicholson we heard from a man who had come from Taranaki that Wiremu Kingi te Kangitako, of Ngatiawa, was in the bush with 200 Hauhau followers, and that they had been cultivating food. The same man said that when these who had come from Wharekauri arrived there, they would probably join his party, as they were a part of his people. There is abundance of food to be got at Wharekauri, but the climate is cold, which was somewhat disagreeable to us. In its waters are to be found eels, pawas (shell-fish), fish, kaeos (fresh water shell-fish), pipis and pupus; and on the land, pigeons and wild pigs abound; also, fruit of the karaka, mamaku (a species of fern tree), and nikau (a palm tree). The "bird of the ocean," the albatross, is also abundant. The thoughts of the prisoners on the Chatham Islands are not evil. We believe if they were to return to this Island they would not again unite with the Hauhaus —their minds are more enlightened now. They have settled quietly down in their home at Wharekauri, and have but little desire to return. It was only in deference to the Governor's command that we returned (that is to say, that they had any desire to return). Had they (the prisoners) any Hauhaus proclivities remaining, they would not be so contented at Wharekauri. But we only speak with reference to our own people—of the thoughts and desires of other tribes we know nothing. I think we have now said all that occurs to us. There is, however, one other matter upon which we would fain say a word. Wo have heard that the Queen Natives of Turanga say we (the Hauhaus) have no land there. This is a craft on their part. We have abundance of land there—probably more than they have. They say we have forfeited our land by becoming Hauhaus. But we think that as the Governor has pardoned our offences, we have a right to retain our land. We have atoned for our sins with our bodies, which were taken away into slavery. Our case, however, and theirs too, rests with the Governor and the Lands Court. That is all. Written by Ihaka Poaka, Pehifajta Taihtjka, and Tiopiea Tawhiao, of Eongowhakaata.

No. 27. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 11.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 27th February, 1868. With reference to the correspondence Avith the Rev. 11. Taylor, of which a copy was enclosed in your Grace's Despatch, No. 74, of 22nd November ultimo, addressed to my predecessor, Sir George Grey, I have now the honor to forward a Memorandum submitted to me on the subject by the Native Minister, Mr. J. C. Richmond, on behalf of my Responsible Advisers. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN 11

41

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

A.—No. 1

Enclosure in No. 27Memobandum by Mr. Richmond. Wellington, 20th February, 1868. His Excellency will naturally expect information on the subject of the Bey. E. Taylor's letter to the Duke of Buckingham, with its enclosures, forwarded from the Colonial Office in Despatch No. 74, of 22nd November, 1867. In offering it, however, Ministers observe that Mr. Taylor's attack is not of itself entitled to their attention. It is of that random kind which, whilst it is the easiest to make, gives the most trouble in repelling. Two subjects are treated in Mr. Taylor's letter, the claims of the late John Williams Hipango, and the wrongs of certain chiefs and tribes. As to the former, it is sufficient to remark that whilst Mr. Taylor states that the property left by that chief is adequate to supporting any dignity Her Majesty may be pleased to confer on his son, the Colonial Government have so far recognized the .claims of the father as to maintain the boy at school at a cost of £50 per annum, and to pay the expense of his passage to England, favors not often conferred on private persons of either race. The complaints of the Maori writers require fuller comment. Mr. Taylor has not been very well informed, or if well informed, he has not been candid enough to state, that eleven out of the twenty-three signatures to his enclosures are those of men deeply, actively, and persistently engaged in resisting Her Majesty's authority in the Colony. The writers referred to are chiefs of' the Ngatiruanui and Ngarauru tribes, the fighting men of the former of which in 1800 marched en masse upwards of sixty miles from their own borders to attack a British settlement, at a time when no soldier had ever turned his face towards their district, when no Europeans, except a missionary, were resident there, and not a rood of the land of the tribe had been sold, given to, or negotiated for, or taken by the Government or any European. The Ngatiruanui were in fact the most aggressive tribe in the country, and their name has become a proverb of hostility to the Crown and Colony. The Ngatiruanui and part of the Is rgarauru lands have been taken under "The New Zealand Settlements Act, 1863." As that Act has been, prominently before the Imperial Government it is not necessary to discuss its provisions. Under a more recent Act for dealing with confiscated lands, very large reserves, including the majority of their old kaingas and favorite places have been made for the use of the tribes. The reserves form really princely estates which, when order and confidence are fully re-established, may be let or farmed by the tribes at considerable profit. Those tribes, on their surrender, have also been •provided with a Magistrate, and their property protected by the Government with even more than ordinary care. None of them have been treated as slaves or criminals, but the full privileges of British subjects have been immediately resumed by them. Turning now to the twelve names of Natives who have not been in arms against Government, it appears that they belong to the Lower Whanganui tribes. Eight of the twelve are receiving salaries, pensions, or education for their children, at the expense of the Government. They have some of them served in the war as regular troops, and have had pay, allowances, and land, on the same scale as other Militia forces. Eor casual service special pay has also been given, and presents of a river steamer, a lifeboat, <fee, have been made. IVom the Native Militia 'of Whanganui having been engaged in the campaigns against the Ngatiruanui and Ngarauru, some of the chiefs of the tribe have conceived the idea that the confiscated territory belongs to them by right of conquest, and some small ancient claims of the tribe or a few individuals have been magnified to extend over a large part of the Ngarauru and Ngatiruanui lands. The New Zealand Settlements Act provides an independent Court, in which the Judges of the Native Lands Court preside, for examining claims of loyal persons within confiscated territory and awarding compensation. Practically, the compensation has taken the form of a. return of the land for which claims have been proved, or as near it as the vague nature of Native titles would allow. The Compensation Court sat long at Whanganui, in the midst of the tribe whose chiefs now complain, and, after several adjournments upon their motion, patiently examined their claims. The Court was subjected at the time to not a little pressure from the menaces of the tribe, whoso boastful temper is shown in the letters before His Excellency. It awarded but little land to the members of the iribes of Whanganui. In confirmation of the substantial fairness of the award, it may be stated that the Whanganui tribe, in defining the boundary of the land first sold to the New Zealand Company, were limited by the opposition of their neighbours, the Ngarauru, to a distance of seven or eight miles westward from the River Whanganui. Sales have since been made of land extending twelve miles further in the same direction along the coast, or twenty miles from the River Whanganui; the sellers were not, however, the Whanganui, but the Ngarauru. The land confiscated abuts on the remotest of the lastnamed districts. The nearest point in it is twelve miles distant westward from the old accepted boundary of the Ngarauru and Whanganui tribes. The claim of Whanganui in the confiscated lands was repudiated with indignation by Ngarauru and Ngatiruanui at the sitting of the Court. But the Government being aware before that sitting of the ideas which during the anarchy of the last eight years had grown up in the minds of the friendly Whanganui tribe, and believing that their claims would not be for a moment recognized, it was thought advisable that a Member of the Cabinet should visit the tribe at the time of the sitting. This was done, and to mitigate the disappointment of the tribe at the unfavorable award of the Compensation Court several additional gifts of land were made, and the considerable sum of £2,500 was given to the claimants. The money was waiting acceptance by the tribe before Mr. Taylor left for England, and he could hardly but be aware of this, living in the chief settlement of the tribe, and in hourly communication with them. Mr. Taylor's assertion that any chief, or, indeed, any member of the tribe, has been injured or has ever received insult from the Government is a slander not excused by the smallest foundation, in fact it is the very opposite of true. As an invariable rule, all Maoris are treated with kindness and courtesy by Government. A Hostelry, Office, and Interpreter are devoted to their use in every important settlement. They are received with more of personal attention than men of little education among the European race would expect or care for ; and in the particular matter of the laud claims, the subject of Mr. Taylor's communication, the chiefs interested, including the writers of the letters

42

DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW

A.-No. 1

under review, had long daily interviews with the Minister at his private lodging, and met with the entertainment accorded to gentlemen under such circumstances. It has already been stated that the majority of the loyal Natives, so far from being ignored, are receiving salaries, pensions, or other benefits from the Colonial Chest. Mr. Taylor seems not to have known, when writing his letter, that, wisely or not, the General Assembly had already accorded a special representation to Maoris in addition to that which is open to all and is claimed by some of them in common with the European population. Several points in the Maori letters indicate the suggestions of Europeans. It is not like a Maori who has been warmly engaged in a contest to take the judicial tone of some of the writers and say that both sides have been wrong. The Whanganuis have never indicated to the Government any doubt of the cause they were helping, and to suppose that they fought for law and order, pure and simple, and in defence of a Government because it was a Government, although it was in the wrong, requires a belief in the civilization and political refinement of the race which can only excite a smile in any sober person who has a small acquaintance with the Maori population of New Zealand ; nor is it likely the Whanganuis would complain of money being spent on a Compensation Court. It is to be noticed that whilst in one of the Maori letters the name of Hori Kingi te Anana, the leading chief of Whanganui, heads the signatures, all the rest of which are of chiefs lately in rebellion; in the translation supplied by Mr. Taylor that name is omitted. Eor His Excellency the Governor. J. C. Eicmto^D.

No. 28. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 12.) Government House. Wellington, My Lokb Duke, — 28th February, 1868. With reference to my Despatch No. 7, of the 20th instant, forwarding a Memorandum submitted to me by my Responsible Advisers on the subject of the general amnesty recommended by the Superintendent and Provincial Council of Auckland, I have now the honor to forward a further Memorandum, with accompanying returns, showing the number of prisoners convicted in March, 1866, of the murders of the Rev. C. F. Volkner, Mr. Pulloon, and others, or of being accessory thereto; and also the action taken by the Government of tins Colony with regard to the sentences passed respectively on those persons. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

Enclosure in No. 28. Mbmoeawdtjm: by Mr. Stajtoiid. Wellington, 25th February, 1868. Adverting to the Memorandum of the 15th instant to His Excellency the Governor, recommending the pardon of certain Natives convicted of the murder of Mr. Pulloon, and to the Memorandum of the 11th instant, on the subject of the general amnesty recommended by the Superintendent and Provincial Council of the Province of Auckland; the enclosed return shows the number of persons convicted in March, 1866, of the murders of the Rev. C. S. Volkner and of Mr. Pulloon and others, or of being concerned therein, and also the action taken by the Government with regard to the sentences passed respectively on those persons. It will be seen from this return that the whole number of the condemned w»s thirty-live, and that of those twenty-nine were sentenced to death, and six to three years hard labor. In the first class five only have suffered the sentence passed on them ; the sentence of death passed on the remainder was commuted to penal servitude for various periods —in the case of eleven persons for life, of five to fourteen years, of four to seven years, of three to four years, and of one to one year. Of those under commuted sentences, three have died in prison, and on the Ist proximo nine will have received their pardons, which have not been granted indiscriminately or simultaneously, but at such times and under such circumstances as appeared to tend most to the ends of justice, and to securing the future good behaviour of those pardoned, while proving at the same time that the Government allowed due weight to any instances of good conduct displayed by the prisoners previously to their conviction, and to the j mediation of Europeans or loyal Natives who would undertake that in future they would live peacefully, i This will fully appear from the Memoranda, noted in the margin, copies of which are enclosed. Of the second class, namely, six prisoners who were sentenced to three years penal servitude for I being concerned in the plunder of the "Kate," on board of which Mr. i'ulloon and others were murdered, one has died in prison, two were pardoned on the 26th November, 1867, and the remaining three will bo pardoned on the Ist of next month, making in all fourteen who have received a free pardon. For His Excellency the Governor. E. AY. Stafford. P.S.- —A copy of a Memorandum by Ministers, dated 30th December, 1865, recommending the 8 trial of the prisoners referred to in this Memorandum by the Supreme Court, is enclosed for His Excellency's information. "

Memo, by Mr. Stafford, .Feb. 11, 1808. Memo, by Mr. Stafford, "Feb. 15, 1868.

See Appendix, 18GG. A. No. 1, p. 85.

43

ZEAEAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

A.—No. 1,

DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW

44

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure in No. 28. RETURN showing names, &c., of MAORI PRISONERS convicted of the Murders of the Rev. Mr. Volkner, Mr. Fulloon, and a Seaman named Ned, or of being concerned therein.

No. 29. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 14.) Government House, Wellington, My Lokd Duke,— 3rd March, 1868. With reference to your Grace's Despatch, No. 70, of the 12th October ultimo, respecting petitions addressed to Her Majesty by certain Maoris on the subject of the ' Manawatu-Rangitikei block of land, I am requested by my Responsible Advisers to solicit your Grace's attention to the explanations contained in the Ministerial Memorandum transmitted by my predecessor, Sir George Grey, in his Despatch, No. 118, of the 4th November ultimo. 2. I annex a translation of the reply, which, in pursuance of your Grace's directions, will be sent to the petitioners from the Native Minister's Department. It will be seen that since their petitions were forwarded to the Queen, the New Zealand Legislature has made provision in " The Native Lands Act, 1867,"'

Name. Crime. Sentence and Date. Commutation and Date. Remarks. ilokomoko Wilful murder of Mr. Volkner Death, Mar. 28,1866 TTauged. Ieremita Knhupara lalcaraia te Eahui, alias To Akau loromona Poropiti likaere Kirimangu Iekara ji }■> „ Mr. Fulloon, ,, and Ned j> ;) j' „ April 5 ,, ;» )> )j >) yj jj >) Penal servitude for life, May 10, 1866 limone te Auru 'araharaha loani Hupe Jtuku te Rangi 'e Alca o Tua-te-Hura Ieahea te Pakihiwi lawera te Ilihna if )) )» j> )> >j j! j> n Died, Dec. 18, 1866.. >» j> i) J) >! >) j> jj m )} m )> >> )' )) »j 5' )> „ 4 years „ Pardoned, Mar. 1, 1868. ianiera te Werctokotolto Ioki Tukino lepeta >i j? » Accessories before fact to murder of J. Fulloon >1 J) J> )> )> it „ 7 years „ Died, Sot. 26*,' 18GG. »> 7* )» 'e Hemara Iakaraia Hora )t »> 3» )> )i >> jj »j )> Pardoned, Nov. 26, 1867. Pardoned, March 1, 1868. 'uri te Matutarewa j» yy jj >) )» loani Poururu Wilful murder of Mr. l^ulloon and Ned JJ )) >> „ 14 years „ Imiia Marupo laki Wailiou >t ?t )> >1 »> )) » ') »? )> jj Pardoned, Dec. 16,. 1867. Pardoned, Sept. 4 r 1867. Died, Aug. 1, 1866. o Ngatilioko ... Wabu ?e Hura to Tai Accessories before faet to murder of J. Fulloon J» »> ') )> »» I) )j » ?> ,, Life „ Pitoiwhi te Putarcra )> 51 )> n u )■> Pardoned, Nov. 26,. 1867. Uwhi te Ilaraki Cereama Toitoi 'enitito 5> i> »> )> )> V )) )) ilohi Te Poaki 3ria Te Hakina Wilful murder of Mr. Yolkner Receiving goods stolen from "Kate" !,' Mar. 27 » 3 years hard labor, Mar. 27, 18GG Penal servitude for 1 year, May 7, 1866 Handed over to the' custody of Mr. G-. Graham, Oct. 15, 1866. Pardoned, Nov. 26, 1867. Pardoned, March 1, 1868. Died, Jan. 18, 18G8. Pardoned, Nov. 26, 1867. Pardoned, March 1, 1868. >> jj " lohupata Wherera :e Meihana Te Tawa ... >» » jj )> >t j> j> >> (Virimu Kepa To Amopu >» >» )1 JJ » 'anapa E angi rewaia ... ?> »> » >> )»

A.—No. 1.

by Avhich those of their number who have not already parted with their interests in the land in question, are enabled to have their claims investigated by the Native Lands Court, and that all the claims which have been forwarded to the Local Government have been referred to that tribunal. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

Enclosure in No. 29. Mr. Rolieston to Petitioners of the NaATTKAtrivAWA Tribe. Pbiekds, — Mr. Richmond directs me to inform you that the Queen has received the petition which you forwarded in the month of July last respecting your claim to the Rangitikei block of land. Her Majesty has directed that you should, be informed that they had been laid before her, and that the case is one which must be dealt with by the Governor and Legislature of the Colony ; that the Colonial Government had assured her that they would endeavour to make a just and satisfactory settlement of the question, and that Her Majesty was confident that the Governor would do all in his power to effect this object. Since your petition was forwarded to the Queen, the Legislature has made provision by " The Native Lands Act, 1867," by which those of you who have not parted with your interest are enabled to have your claim investigated by the Native Lands Court; and, as you are already aware, all the claims which have been forwarded to the Government have been referred to this tribunal. From your friend, ~W. BoLLESTOS", Under Secretary.

No. 30. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 15.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— sth March, 1868. Among the manifold and urgent public questions which have necessarily pressed themselves on my attention during the month which has now elapsed since my assumption, on the sth ultimo, of the Government of New Zealand, I have given much thought and care to that very complicated and difficult, but highly interesting subject—the present condition and future prospects of the Maori race. 2. By my desire, the Minister for the Native Department (Mr. J. C. Richmond) has addressed to the principal officers and agents of the Government throughout the Colony, a circular (of which I enclose a copy) directing each of them to furnish, for the information of the Governor, a detailed report on Native affairs in his district. It will be seen that this report is to contain as full a history as possible of the last few years, and of the events that have come under the personal cognizance of each Government agent. Reliable information is called for as to the actual number of the Maoris ; the causes and influences affecting their increase or decrease ; their feelings towards Europeans generally ; their physical and moral condition ; the rise, object, progress, and tendency of the Hauhau movement ; the opinion of the Maoris in respect of the recent war ; of the removal of the Imperial troops ; of the suppression of the late outbreaks of rebellion on the East Coast of the North Island, and elsewhere, and of the prospect of the permanent restoration of peace. Finally, the several agents of Government are required to notice the working of the recent Acts of the New Zealand Legislature in reference to the lands, the education, and the Parliamentarj^ representation of the Maoris ; and generally to supply such further information as may appear likely to be useful in forming an accurate opinion of the present state of Native affairs. 3. I am assured that the public officers in the Maori districts are, for the most part, men of ability and local experience, and it is hoped that the reports which will be elicited by the above-mentioned circular will go far towards enabling both the Imperial and the Colonial Governments to arrive at a correct estimate of the present condition, feeling, and prospects of the Native race. It will be my duty to transmit to your Grace copies of these reports, when they shall have been received, together with such remarks and illustrations as they seem to need. 4. Meanwhile, I will take this opportunity of forwarding a Memorandum carefully prepared in the Native Department, respecting the meeting held in last 12

Enclosure No. 1. * :

Enclosure No. 2.

45

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

A.—No. 1.

46

DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW

January by the adherents of the so-called Maori King, at Tokangamutu, a place situated in the heart of the disaffected districts, about twenty-five miles inland from Kawhia, the port of the hostile Natives, on the West Coast of the North Island. This Memorandum will amply repay an attentive perusal. It certainly discloses an aspect of affairs which is the reverse of satisfactory. 5. Further, I transmit herewith a Memorandum drawn up by Major .Richardson (the acting Colonial Treasurer), on behalf of the Minister for Colonial Defence, respecting the collision which took place on the Bth February ultimo, between the settlers and a party of Hauhau fanatics, near Opotiki, on the East Coast of the North Island. It is feared that partial outbreaks of this nature must be expected occasionally for some time to come. Meanwhile, it will be seen that the Defence Minister (Colonel Haultain) has himself proceeded to Opotiki, and " has taken such precautionary means as will, it is hoped, effectually secure the " safety of the settlers, and, at the same time, give the assurance that, while the " Government is resolved to protect its settlements, it is desirous of avoiding any " action which might be construed into an attack not called for in self-defence." 6. Te Puni, the well-known Maori chief of the Ngatiawa tribe, now in extreme old age (but to whose protection the early settlers in this part of New Zealand were formerly much indebted), and the other principal Maoris resident near Wellington, attended my first levee. I have also received, as the representative of the Queen, numerous addresses of respect and welcome from the loyal chiefs and tribes in all parts of both Islands—from the powerful clan of the Ngapuhis, at the Bay of Islands, in the extreme North; from the small remnant of Maoris in Otago, in the extreme South; from various chiefs of Taranaki and t Wanganui, and of the shores of the central Lake of Taupo. I annex translations of several of these addresses, and also of my replies to them, which replies were of course drawn up with the advice and assistance of the Native Minister, and of other gentlemen skilled in Maori customs and feelings. I shall apply myself diligently to the study of the Native language and annals. The valuable publications on this subject of my accomplished predecessor, Sir George Grey, will facilitate the researches of all his successors. 7. It would of course be, as yet, presumptuous in me to pronounce any judgment on Native questions. It is obvious, however, that the old institutions and rites of the Maoris have crumbled away; and so, it is to be feared, has to a deplorable extent, their recently adopted Christianity. When I visited Te Puni, a fortnight ago, at his own village, the old chief told me, in the presence of the Bishop of Wellington (Dr. Abraham), that he believed that he was now almost the only real Christian in his tribe, for most of his kinsmen had become either Hauhaus or drunken profligates. It is, moreover, a significant fact that the so-called Maori King has lately renounced his baptismal name of Matutaera (Methuselah), and. openly adopted the heathen appellation of Tawhiao. He is stated to have taken no notice whatever of certain overtures that were made to him before my arrival, with the object of inducing him to give his submission to the " Queen's son" (the phrase by which the Duke of Edinburgh is known to the Maoris), during the approaching visit of His Royal Highness to New Zealand. With regard to this sullen and hostile isolation, a loyal chief, at a recent interview, addressed me in the following terms: —"0 Governor, Matutaera is now like a single tree, left " exposed in a clearing of our native forests. If left alone it will soon wither and " die; —my word to you, O Governor, is to leave Matutaera alone." This is, in fact, the policy of my present Ministers. Indeed, there is a feeling in some quarters in favor of the tacit, if not formal revival in the Native Districts of this Colony, of a sort of " pale," in the sense familiar to the readers of Irish history. 8. While the moral atmosphere of the North Island is thus unsettled, vast material damage has been inflicted by the hurricane and floods which swept over the Middle Island in the early part of last month. The value of the roads, bridges, and other public works; and of the houses, cattle, sheep, and other private property thus destroyed, has been estimated at little less, in the aggregate, than half a million sterling. These heavy losses have had the effect of increasing the commercial and financial depression which had prevailed in this as in the Australian Colonies ever since the monetary crisis of 1866.

Enclosure No. 3.

Enclosures Nos. 4 to 13.

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

47

A.—No. 1

9. In conclusion, I would venture to express my hope that the efforts of the Colonial Government and Legislature to restore and maintain internal tranquillity, and to advance the interests of both races of the inhabitants of New Zealand, may be favored with success ; and that I may thus, ere long, be enabled to lay before your Grace a more satisfactory account of the condition of this great Colony, so rich in natural resources. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

Enclosure 1 in No. 30. Cikctjlab from the Native Office to various Officers of the Native Department. Native Secretary's Office, Sin,— Wellington, 15th February, 1868. I am directed by Mr. Richmond to request you to furnish, for the information of His Excellency Sir Gr. F. Bowen, a general report giving the fullest information you are able to afi'ord on the present state of the Natives in your district. A similar report will be called for from other officers of the department with the view of placing before His Excellency as complete information as can be procured on the subject of Native affairs throughout the Colony. I am to request that great pains may be bestowed to render the report as full a history of the past few years as your experience enables you to furnish. It should deal first of' all with the facts which have come under your own immediate cognizance in the position you have occupied under the Government. Reliable information should be given as to the present numbers of the Natives, with the causes affecting their increase or decrease, their state of feeling towards Europeans generally, their physical and moral, condition, and as to the progress of Hauhauism, giving your opinion as to the present intention and effect and ultimate tendency of this movement. You will state what you consider to be the feeling of the Natives in respect of the war, the removal of the troops, the suppression of outbreaks of rebellion on the East Coast or elsewhere, and what you think to be the prospect of peace being permanently established. I am further to request you to notice the effect, present or prospective, of the working of any recent legislation in respegt of Native lands, education, and representation, and to give airy other information which may appear to you to bo likely to prove useful in forming a general opinion on the present state of Native affairs. As His Excellency has already arrived in the Colony, the report is required with as little delay as possible. 1 have, &c, W. Rollestom", Under Secretary.

Enclosure 2 in No. 30. Memorandum by Mr. Rolleston relative to tlie Meeting at Tokangamutu. The groat meeting of Natives at Tokangamutu lias been a subject of considerable interest among the Maoris, both friendly and Hauhaus, for some months past. It was summoned by a circular letter from the Maori King Tawhiao,* addressed in the month of June, 1867, to Natives south of Auckland, in terms which apparently indicated a disposition to establish friendly relations between the two races. Its language, like that generally affected by the Prophets of the Hauhau creed, (which is merely the religious phase of a great political movement in. antagonism to the G-overnmcnt,) was (probably) purposely obscure. It ran thus — June Ist, 1867. News is hereby sent to gatherings of men, to the foolish ones, to the Chiefs, to the Shepherds, to those who obstinately refuse to have anything to do with Hauhauism, and to the Twelve, and to all the tribes along the East Coast. Tokangamutu is the place of meeting appointed for the tribes both far and near. They must all lie down with their weapons. Let it be for the adversary to bring evil. This is a new year, a good year, the venga venga (lily of the valley) is in bloom. Tawhiao. This is to inform you that all the men of great thought must come on the 21st of December, so that they may be here on the 20th of January. This is the letter which has been sent to Taranaki. Te Kiuti, 13th August, 1867. This is a word to the wise men of the Island respecting the news sent in the new year to the wise men who uphold our plans. Those men are like the main pillars of the house; you must be extremely cautious of the temptations of the adversary. Tawhiao. Native delegates appear to have answered the summons from all sides of the country, and from all that can be learned from the reports of Maoris, whose ideas of numbers are somewhat indistinct, about 3,000 to 4,000 would appear to have been present at the meeting. This number, however, is probably exaggerated. The meeting tools: place on or about the 20th of January, at Tokangamutu, which lies about twenty-five miles south-east of Kawhia, the port of the King Natives on the West Coast. The * His name till recently was Matutacra or Methusalah, but ho liaa during the last two years adopted the heathen name of Tawhiao.

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DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW

accounts of what took place vary considerably, as might be expected from the mixed nature of the meeting. The Natives who took a prominent part were Wi Hapi, a Ngatiraukawa chief, who has for the past three years been the head of a wandering body of disaffected Natives ; Bewi, the Ngatimaniapoto chief; and two Hauhaus prophets from Taranaki. The general meeting broke up on the 29th of January without any very decided expression of the immediate intentions of the King party in respect of peace or war. What may have occurred after those returned home, from whom trustworthy information could have been obtained, does not appear; but the fact that later accounts and later information of the results of the meeting are less favorable than those first circulated, indicates a certainly hostile feeling among the Kingite leaders, which they did not care to acknowledge too openly in the presence of a mixed assembly, but which was more openly expressed afterwards. Wi Tako, of Waikanae, who obtained his information from Natives who were present, and who would be likely from their own state of feeling to obtain a correct idea of the intentions of the King party, says — " The men who left this to attend that meeting have returned. They bring no news. This was " the only word: This is a year for the infirm, a year for the Lord, this year is a good year. The I* chief word spoken was by Eewi to the meeting. It was this —' Fighting must cease ; the sale of land " must cease ; leasing land must be put a stop to ; such doings as selling and leasing must cease ; then " only will peace be made.' " The account given in a letter of 20th February, by Here Mokena, a Waikato Native, whoso information has been previously very reliable, is to the same effect and in very similar words —" Killing must cease. The selling of land, and the leasing of land must cease. (Let the management be left to him). Jehovah, the Lord of Hosts is in Heaven. Peace will not bo established." Nehemia To Area used the same words. Coming from two independent sources, and corroborated by many other reports, these two letters may be taken to furnish a fair account of the subjects discussed. Prom this account, and from what I can gather from Natives in conversation, it appears that whether feigned or real (probably the latter), there was an expression of reluctance to renew hostilities, but at the same time the determination to maintain a strict isolation, and to obstruct the progress of European colonization was most decided. Whether this policy was intended at the time to extend to lands not hitherto included within the " aukati," or boundary lines of the King, is not so clear—probably it was not. Such a proposal would meet with little favor from a large body of the Natives, who without any attachment to English rule would not be prepared to give up the leasing and selling of their lands, which has, since the Native Lands Act has been in operation, become a passion among them. Other accounts state that the leaders of the King party refused to recognize the loss of the Waikato and the other confiscated lands, and this impression certainly prevails with Natives with whom I have talked on the subject (Mohi Ngaponga, Hohepa, Tamaihengia, and others). Of course, the making peace conditional upon the recovery of these lands would be tantamount to a declaration of war, a large part of them being in the hands of military settlers under Crown grant; but the meeting does not seem to have gone so far as that, but only to have expressed its adherence to a long cherished hope that the Maoris would recover their lands, coupling it with a notion fostered by their Hauhau prophets of some special interposition of Providence. On the whole there is little doubt that however ambiguously the conclusions of the meeting were veiled in the intentional obscurity which characterizes the utterances of the Hauhau Natives, the general effect is far from satisfactory. The very fact of a general meeting of this kind bespeaks a greater amount of organization than has heretofore existed among the Natives, and that of a large assemblage called together ostensibly for peace purposes there should have been no strong party in favor of European government, must have given considerable confidence to the King party. A marked change of manner, noticeable also in a slight degree even among the Natives of this and neighbouring districts, is observed, by Mr. Clarke, of Tauranga; in his last report, he says — " I regret to state that a great change has come over the disaffected Natives since the return of " their chiefs from the Tokangamutu meeting. * * * * I am persuaded " that there is much moving amongst the Natives of which lam kept in ignorance. There appears to be " a backwardness to give information, even by those in whom I have hitherto placed confidence, for which " I cannot yet account. This change has come over the Natives since the return of the chiefs from the " Tokangamutu meeting." " May wo not, from what I have stated above, draw the inference that the result of the late Waikato meeting was anything but favorable towards the peace of the country ? " Mr. Mackay, in a letter bearing date 26th February, speaking with reference to the Thames District, says — " I find that one result of the great meeting which was recently held at Tokangamutu is that the " Natives of the King or Hauhau side aro more firmly determined than ever to oppose the opening up of " the country for gold-mining purposes. Leasing of land for depasturing of stock, forming of roads, " survey of Native land, &c, intercourse with Government officials, are also strictly prohibited. The " question as to whether there is to be peace or war does not appear to have been satisfactorily arranged "at the meeting. All the friendly Natives with whom I have conversed appear to be dubious as to the "^continuation of peace. Those of the Hauhau side are not at all communicative as to what took place " t at Tokangamutu."

Enclosure 3 in No. 30. Memokandum by Major Richardson. Wellington, 3rd March, 1868. The Acting Defence Minister has the honor to report, for His Excellency's information, that the Hauhau fanatics, belonging to a hapu of' the Uriwcras, who, in the month of June last, murdered and mutilated Mr. Bennett White and the Native mailman, on the coast at a short distance from Opotiki (and many -of whom are known to have been more or less implicated in the murder of the Bey. Mr.

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

A.—No. 1

49

~Y rolknor), have re-appeared in the vicinity of Opotiki, and have been threatening to attack the settlement. It has accordingly been found necessary for the Military Settlers, located in the district, to leave their isolated farms, and to concentrate for the defence of themselves and their families. On a recent occasion (the Bth ultimo) a skirmish took place between a reconnoitring party of Military Settlers and a marauding body of these Hauhaus, who were found encamped at a new kainga outside the boundary, a short distance from the farms of the Military Settlers. A loss of six of their number was inflicted on the Natives, and two Europeans were slightly wounded. A quantity of ammunition, a rifle belonging to Her Majesty's 40th Regiment, and several muskets, were found in the kainga. Several prisoners were taken, but released on the retirement of the Military Settlers. From the information received by Native letters obtained on this occasion, there can be no doubt that the Hauhaus had traversed British territory for the sole purpose of laying ambuscades and murdering unwary settlers ; under these circumstances, which were previously known to the Government, Major St. John, in military command of the district, conceived it to be his duty, after communicating with the chief Civil officer, not to await the perpetration of further atrocities on the part of the fanatics, but to induce them by vigorous measures to abstain from re-entering the military settlements. He accordingly acted as above stated. Since the skirmish on the Bth ultimo, no collision has taken place, and it is believed that the hostile Natives have returned to their villages in the mountains. The Defence Minister has, however (as your Excellency is aware), proceeded to Opotiki, and has taken such precautionary measures as will, it is hoped, effectually secure the safety of the settlement, and, at the same time, give the assurance that, while the Government is resolved to protect its settlements, it is desirous of avoiding any action which might be construed into an attack not called for in self defence. For His Excellency the Governor. J. Richaedsox.

Enclosure 4 in No. 30. Addeess from Te Poihipi Tukaieangi to His Excellency the Goveeitob. Tapuaeharuru, Taupo, 18th December, 1867. Sir Geoege Boweh", Governor of New Zealand, — Eriend, salutations. I have heard that you are coming to this Island, to New Zealand, to be a parent to us, and to take care of vs —that is, of the whole of this Island. 0 father, salutations. Come on shore ; come to your land, New Zealand, and to your people. Come to see the evil and the good of this Island. Do you see which is evil and which is good. O friend, salutations. My desire is this : that you should travel through your Island, and alsothrough our settlements. Sufficient. From your friend, TE POHIPI TUKAIEAJTGI.

Enclosure 5 in No. 30. His Excellency's Reply. Feiend, — Your letter of welcome was waiting for me here on my arrival. I was glad that the voice of peace and goodwill should come from the heart of the Island to which I have been sent to administer the Queen's laws. I echo back those words of goodness to you and all your people. I have heard of the services you have performed in times past in putting down evil and promoting the good, and it was well that your words should be the first to reach me. From your friend, G. F. Bowen, Governor.

Enclosure 6 in No. 30. Addeess from the WiiANGATnri and Tatjpo Chiefs to His Excellency the Govebnoe. Sic, — We salute you upon your arrival in New Zealand. This our letter to you, namely, that of the Chiefs of Whanganui and Taupo, is to welcome you, our parent, at your first arrival in this Island. Great is our desire to see you at Whanganui, and that you may see us likewise. Do not wait till the arrival of the Prince, but come soon that we may do honor to you and hear your word at a fitting time. This is all. From your friends, George King Te Anana, George Grey, Mister King Paetahi, Charles Tauteko, Governor Paipai, Matthew Tukarangi, Simon Hirote, Paul Poutini, Te Mawhae, John Tumango, Kemp, Hakirei, Zachariah, Joseph, Abednego, And from all the Chiefs of Whanganui, and from all the tribes. To Sir George Bowen, Governor. 13

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Enclosure 7 in No. 30. His Excellency's Eeplt. Feiends, — I have received your letter of the Bth of February, that is to say the letter of the chiefs of Whanganui and Taupo, and from all the tribe. Tour words are good. The words of men who have been ever loyal to the Queen and to Governor Grey, who was formerly sent by her to be your parent —who have wrought and fought for the Queen's laws and for the Government. I return your greetings, and hope I may soon be able to come to see you. From your friend, G. F. Bowen, Governor.

Enclosure 8 in No. 30. Address from Tamihana te Eatjpeeaha to His Excellency the Governor. O Father, — Ngawhakangutu, 10th February, 1868. O Governor (Sir George Bowen). Salutations to you. Wo have heard of your arrival in Wellington, hence the reason of our writing this letter of welcome to you. Although we are not personally known to you, that does not signify. Tou are the Governor-in-Chief, and a father for us, the Maoris, and also for the Europeans ; hence the reason of our rejoicing at your arrival in New Zealand. Welcome, Sir, to us, to your children ; although we are children, and are ignorant, do you continually teach us. The other Governors who preceded you continually instructed us (that is) this ignorant race, the Maori people. Tou are the sixth Governor for this Island. Welcome, O Governor, welcome to us ; be kind to us, and bestow upon us a portion of the great love of our true mother the Queen. Enough. From us, from your friends who are not personally known to you. Tamiiiana te Eatjpeeaha, Mihi te Batjperaha.

Enclosure 9 in No. 30. His Excellency's Reply. Feient> Tamiiiana, — I have received your letter of welcome, and it was very grateful to inc. Tou say rightly that as coming from the Queen lam father and Governor for both races. My thoughts will be those of a father and friend towards you and your people. 1 hope soon to know you personally. From your friend, G. F. Bowes", Governor.

Enclosure 10 in No. 30. Addeess from Otago Natives to His Excellency the Goyeenor. Feiend Goveenor Bowen, — Dunedin, 12th February, 1868. Great is our love for you. Stand in New Zealand, and let your light shine over all parts of the world, over Pakeha and Maori. Welcome, " Autahi," the sacred star of the year, Lord of both Pakeha and Maori. Gome and see us ; you and the Queen's son, who, w re hear will soon come to New Zealand. That is all: our address of welcome to you ends. Tour friends, Weeeta Tuarea, Bawibi te Uea-(tiea), Teoti te Koeiiii, And the people of Taiari.

Enclosure 11 in No. 30. His Excellency's Keply. Feiends, — Tour letter of love and welcome has reached me from the land of the South, where there has been no confusion between the Europeans and the Maoris, and where love and law are unshadowed by the evils which have passed as a darkness over some parts of this Island. Your words are words of good omen : that I should shine as a light from the Queen to both races. I trust that mist and darkness may be dispelled. I hope to be able to visit you shortly, and that the Queen's son will also be able to. From your friend, G-. 37. Bowe?t, Governor.

Enclosure 12 in No. 30. Addeess from Otaki Chiefs to His Excellency the Goveenor. Father,— Otaki, 20th February. 1868. Governor Bowen : Salutations. Here are we writing this our letter of love to you, for you

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

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<ire to be the Governor for ourselves, for the Maoris and the Pakehas. That is why our hearts are glad at your coming to New Zealand here. Welcome hither, 0 Father, to us, your children: although we be foolish children, do you teach us. We have received instruction at the hands of other Governors, your predecessors ; but this people, the Maoris, still cling to our ignorance. You are the sixth Governor. Welcome hither to us ; to be kind to us, with the great kindness of our faithful mother the Queen. Father, we enclose herewith a copy of our letter to the Government for you to see. It depends on yourself whether you bring the son of the Queen here to see us. That is all we have to say to you. Tamihaka te Eatjpaeaha, HoKOMONA TOEEMI, ptopata huktjmutit, Eawiei te Waniti.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure 12 in No. 30. Copy of a Letter from Otaki Chiefs to the Goyebnment. Feiestd Mr. Rolleston", — Otaki, 30th December, 1867. This is a request of ours —the Ngatitoa, Ngatiraukawa, and Ngatiawa —that the Queen's son, the Prince, come here also ; so that we, the tribes who have always been loyal to liis mother, the Queen of England and New Zealand, may see him. This may be the only opportunity afforded us of showing our loyalty to his mother the Queen, for we continued under the Queen's authority during the whole of the war from first to last. Otaki is the most convenient place where we may all meet to see the Prince, the son of the Queen. Another reason why we ask the Prince to come here is that the greater number of us cannot possibly go to Wellington, there being very many of us. That is all. Tamihana te Ratjpabaiia, And others.

Enclosure 13 in No. 30. His Excellency's Reply. Fejends,— The letter of welcome wliich you have addressed to me in the name of the tribes of Ngatiraukawa, Ngatitoa, and Ngatiawa, has been received by me ; and also the copy of the letter which you have addressed to the Government, in which you express your desire to see the son of the Queen. Xour love to the Queen, and your respect for law and authority, are evidenced (shine out) in your loyalty to her son, and to me, whom you have not yet seen. Her goodness will ever shine on you, as it does on all her children throughout the world, who do not put evil between themselves and her. "When the Prince comes he shall be told of your desire to see him, and I hope he will be able to come as you propose. I will let you know when I have ascertained his wishes. From your friend, G-. P. Bowex, Governor.

No. 31. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 18.) Government House, Wellington, My Lobd Duke,— 7th March, 18(58. In continuation of my Despatch No. 15, of the 4th instant, I have the honor to transmit herewith translations of a correspondence which has recently taken place between the Minister for the Native Department (Mr. J. C. Richmond) and certain Maori^hiefs, on the subject of a threatened outbreak between the Ngatiraukawa and the Muaupoko tribes, in the Wanganui District of the Province of Wellington. 2. It will be seen that the prospect of an immediate collision between these tribes has been averted by the mediation of the Government; but this correspondence is only a specimen of a similar correspondence now being carried on with other Maori tribes in the North, near the Bay of Islands—on the East Coast, near Tauranga and Opotiki, and elsewhere. I transmit it as one among many proofs of the great difficulties with which the Government of New Zealand has to contend, not only in preventing collisions between the Maoris and colonists, but also in preventing the Maoris from waging internecine wars amongst themselves. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BO WEN.

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Enclosure 1 in No. 31. Captain Kemp to the Government. To the Governor and His Ministers, — Putiki, 19th February, 1868. Salutations to you all. We have heard a report and received a letter informing us, and also have seen a man, who was an eye witness of the evil, that on the 11th of February, 1868, the Ngatiraukawa first took action by sending to Muaupoko inviting them to proceed to their old inter-tribal boundary, and talk with them—but when they got there they found the intention of Ngatiraukawa was to take all their land. Heta then erected a post on the old boundary, this was pulled down by the Ngatiraukawa. Heta set it up again, then one of the Ngatiraukawa, Hohaia by name, being a Hauhau, struck with a reaphook at Heta's head ; he moved his head away from within the hook, and the man's weapon passed harmlessly by. So then the Ngatiraukawa stood quietly looking on. There were forty of the Ngatiraukawa, and only four of Muaupoko. After this Ngatiraukawa proposed they should meet on Monday with guns, and fall on the boundary. They then sent a messenger to the Ngatiraukawa, at Otaki, that tribe at Mr. Hadfield's and Matenc's accordingly came to fight with guns in their hands. Then Aperhama Te Rum came to them and told them they did wrong in doing so, but they paid no attention to the word of this chief, so Aperhama went back to Otaki. On the 17th of February, the day named by Ngatiraukawa, being Monday, as the day for fighting between themselves and Muaupoko upon their boundary, early in the morning, the Muaupoko arrived upon the ground ; when these were perceived by the Ngatiraukawa, they advanced towards them, first two men, then after them forty men, and behind them thirty men. When these drew near to their opponents they started, apparently as much moved by fear as a timid horse when he starts badly. However, they did not carry their intention into effect but acted quietly. However my friends, since such bad news as this has reached me,, respecting Ngatiraukawa causing my people the Muaupoko to be excited —we are also excited—this is therefore to inform you that I am off to Waingongora and Ngatiruanui to bring my people who are there back to Wanganui, and also to bring together my people from all the settlements, so that we may be altogether, having the benefit of the united counsels of all to watch the proceedings of those people ; for I am very much annoyed at my people being treated in this manner, and so I send to my people in the Ngatiruanui country, to come and take care of the small tribe, Muaupoko, lest they be destroyed. That is all, be quick in sending a reply to this letter ; be quick so that your reply may find me still here. From your friend, Te Kepa Rangihiwiniti, ( Capt. Kemp.)

Enclosure 2 in No. 31. The Hon. J. C. Richmond to Hoei King:. Feiend, — "Wellington, 22nd February, 1868. "Word has come to the Governor that trouble is likely to arise about the claims of Ngatiraukawa, Ngatiapa, Rangitane, and Muaupoko, and that "Whanganui—that is to say, Kemp and the Militia —are preparing to go with arms to share in the evil. The sorrow of the Government is great. They desire that the remnant of the Maoris who have escaped wars among themselves and with the Queen should not be wasted in these vain quarrels, but should remain as men to carry down the good qualities of the tribes to future days. The law will protect Muaupoko, and Rangitane, and Ngatiraukawa, one against the other, if you will continue as you have ever done to maintain the law. The Government look to you as the chief and father of your tribes to stay this evil. What if Ngatiraukawa pull out a peg, or Muaupoko pull one out; does that give them the land in dispute, does that oblige the Governor to sign Crown Grants ? He will never do so except according to the decision of his Court, which has no leaning to one side or another, and where men preside distinguished by long acquaintance with the habits of the Maoris and love for that people. Use your authority as of old. What is chieftainship if it is not asserted. Do not let the tribes pour out each other's blood. Donot let even words of violence pollute the Court or its neighbourhood. By violence we can but earn death, but by imitating the justice of God we live. Those men ought not to quit their kaingas at all. Leave to me to deal with Ngatiraukawa. From your loving friend, J. C. Richmond.

Enclosure 3 in No. 31. The Hoa. J. C. Richmond to Chiefs of Ngatieaukawa Tribe. To Parakaia and the Ngatiraukawa, those who have not consented to sell lands at Rangitikei. Friends, — I have learned that evil is likely to arise respecting the Eangitikei lands, and that Ngatiraukawa are the cause. That they have pulled up the land-marks put in by Muaupoko, and threatened that small tribe with a reaping hook and with guns. Perhaps this is not true; but if it is so, listen to me. Have not I told you again and again, " No man shall lose his land by the hand of the Governor who desires "to retain it. Be not disturbed at surveyors or their pegs; can they remove the land ? And their " marks are of no avail unless the Government are satisfied that all owners are content." Have I not " said to you, " Wait though it be for ten years. Violence may delay justice, but cannot kill it. The " Governor will detain his Crown Grant till he is satisfied of its justice, and will not be satisfied without " investigation."

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Now the Court you have asked for has come to you, and it is my turn to complain that Ngatiraukawa are threatening a small tribe. Do not allow this. Tou are a chief and an assessor, a lover of peace and of law. Forbid Ngatiraukawa to lift up the arms or the voice of violence. Do not let the remnants of the tribes spill one another's blood or threaten one another. Our God, the great maker of the world, works patiently and hates violence. Some think the God of the Hauhau has knowledge, then he too must hate violence, for it brings death to the violent. But lore and law are life. Leave these disputes to a just Court. The Judges know your customs, and love the Maori people. Their eyes are not darkened by greediness of land or money, or by the remembrance of old quarrels. The Government have sent their judges that the light may be very great. I have written the same word to Hori, Kingi to keep back Whanganui. Tour loving friend, J. C. Eichmond.

Enclosure 4 in No. 31. Mr. Rolleston to Captain Kemp. Feiend, — Tour letter of the 19th February has been received in which you state that trouble has arisen between the Ngatiraukawa and the Muaupoko, and that you are off to Waingongora and Ngatiruanui, to bring your people who are there back to Whanganui, to come and take care of the Muaupoko lest they be destroyed. Now the word of the Government is, that it will see that Muaupoko are not wronged. There is a Court appointed to settle who are lawfully entitled to occupy land, and the putting in or pulling down of posts will not decide the matter, or affect the Governor in signing the Crown Grant. Therefore the Government says that no good could come of your going with a number of men as you propose. Leave the law to decide the case. The Government looks confidently to you as an officer, whose habit has been and whose duty it is to maintain law and order, to stop any Natives who may have come down from Waingongora from going any further. See no confusion arise. From your friend, W. Rolleston.

Enclosure 5 in No. 31. Paeakaia te Pouepa to the Hon. J. C. Richmond. To Mr. Richmond,— Otaki, 24th February, 1808. Salutations ; your letter of inquiry on the subject of the Ngatiraukawas provoking the Muaupoko has been received. It is correct, the people tell us that Muaupoko commenced the provocation. The Ngatihuias who were at Otaki heard of this, and went to Poroutawhao without either telling Mateno or me that they were going for the purpose of taking up the pegs. When the bad news reached us, I sent a letter to Ngatihuia, on the same day, and another letter to Muaupoko, as the excitement was assuming a serious aspect: —" Te Huia you must act properly towards your neighbours, let the boundary be correctly laid down, but do not quarrel." Ngatihuia attended at once, and desisted. This was the letter to Muauppoko, —" O Hoani Puihi, 0 Haiuta Kowhai, let your work be good, do not quarrel seriously—if Ngatihuia should attack you, you must run away in order that the rash people may be ashamed, or the people who interfere without right, and get angry in these times." Muaupoko agreed. Haiuta Kowhai and Manihera Te Rau came to me to ask my advice on the subject of the quarrel. It was proposed that after the Court is over at Otaki, a meeting should be held at that place (ITorowenua or Poroutawhao), and then they returned. Tou have already heard of the fight, we have seen your letter of inquiry dated 22nd February, 1868. It is well, let the work proceed, quarrelling or fighting will not be allowed. From your affectionate friend, Paeakaia te Pottepa.

Enclosure 6 in No. 31. Captain Kemp to the Hon. J. C. Richmond. To Mr. Richmond, — Putikiwharanui, Whanganui, 25th February, 1868. Salutations. I have receiyed your letter of the 22nd February, in reply to my letter. Tour words are good and clear. I have written to my tribe (Muaupoko and Rangitane), advising them to leave the boundary question alone and remain quietly, and wait for Ngatiraukawa to go and molest them in their own settlements and houses. In reply to your word in respect of the law guarding my tribes, the Muaupoko, Rangitane, and Ngatiapa, my word is, that you must take care of thorn. If any man put to death any man of my tribes, you fight him and take care of our lands ; and you also send a Pakeha to look after my tribes and take care of them, lest you say hereafter it was my unauthorized proceeding; and in order also that you may know it was the Hauhaus who commenced this work, (wrong doing)—for at this very moment they are committing murders at Opotiki—are the Government taking care or not doing so? The Hauhaus will have the last of it in the case of this evil work. But mine is simply anxiety, lest the small tribe be destroyed by the greater; and who is there to take care of their lands after them, for a small tribe can (would) do no violence to any. However, you take care of them ; I will not be disobedient to your word. Tour friend, Te Kepa EAwaiHiwnnn. 14

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DESPATCHES FROM THE GOVERNOR OF NEW

Enclosure 7 in No. 31. Mr. Rollestox to Paeakia te Potjepa. Feiend,— Wellington, 2nd March, 1868. Mr. Richmond directs me to thank you for your letter in reply to his letter of the 22nd of February, and to tell you that he was well satisfied to hear from you, who have always maintained the law, that you had on this occasion been a peace-maker, and had determined that fighting would not be allowed. I forward a copy of a letter received from Kemp on the same subject, from which you will see that he too will leave the matter in the hands of the Government and the law, and not interfere to promote violence. From your friend, W. Eolleston.

Enclosure 8 in No. 31. Mr. Rolleston to Captain Kemp. Friend,— "Wellington, 2nd March, 1868. Mr. Richmond has received your letter of the 25th of February, in reply to his letter of the 22nd of that month. He directs me to thank you for your letter, and to tell you how satisfactory it was to the Government to receive so prompt an assurance from you that you would act according to its wishes. Now as to your word about the small tribe of the Muaupoko, Mr. Richmond directs me to say that the Government will not forget what you say. It will watch over great and small, only let the matter rest in the hands of the Government and the law. I forward to you a letter written by Parakaia, from which you will see that he too is determined that there shall be no violence. From your friend, ~W. EOLIESTOF.

No. 32. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 16.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— sth March, 1868. At the request of my Responsible Advisers, I have the honor to transmit a Memorandum, prepared by the Colonial Secretary, Mr. Stafford. 2. It will be seen that a question has been raised, whether on a new Governor of this Colony being sworn in, the appointments of the Executive Councillors lapse, and new appointments become necessary. 3. It appears that the practice in different Colonies on this point is diverse. In New South Wales the Executive Councillors are re-appointed and re-sworn on the arrival of a new Governor, and the Attorney-General of New Zealand thought that, on the whole, it was safer to follow *the same course on my assumption of office here. This was accordingly done. 4. My Responsible Advisers believe it to be of great importance that all doubt on this question should be finally settled, and request me to submit to your Grace that " the opinion of the Law Officers of the Crown in England should "be obtained, and, if necessary, such alteration made in the Commission of " Governors of New Zealand as the form of Government in force in the Colony " may require." I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN. P.S.—I annex a case, drawn up in quadruplicate by the Attorney-General of New Zealand, in pursuance of the 405 th article of Her Majesty's Colonial Regulations (edition, 1867). G. F. B.

Enclosure 1 in No. 32. Memorandum by Mr. Stafeoed. Wellington, 14th February, 1868. A question has been raised whether, on a new Governor of New Zealand being sworn in, the appointments of members of the Executive Council then in office lapse, and new appointments become necessary. The question is one of doubt, and the practice in different Colonies, as respects re-swearing members of the Executive Council is diverse.

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As it is of great importance that all doubt on this question should be definitely settled, it is suggested that the question be submitted to the Eight Hon. the Secretary of State, in order that the opinion of the law officers of the Crown in England may be obtained, and if necessary, such alteration made in the Commission of Governors of New Zealand as the form of Government in force in the Colony may require. For His Excellency the Governor. E. W. Stafpoed.

Enclosure 2 in No. 32. Mesiokanditm by Mr. Eichmond. "Wellington, 4th March, 18G8. Adverting to Mr. Stafford's Memorandum of the 14th ultimo as to the legal question which has been raised whether, on the arrival of a new Governor, a new appointment of members of the Executive Council is necessary, Ministers transmit a case, prepared by the Attorney-General of the Colony, which they request may be submitted for the opinion of Her Majesty's Attorney-General and SolicitorGeneral in England. J. C. Richmond, Eor His Excellency the Governor. (for the Colonial Secretary.)

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure 2 in No. 32. Case for the opinion of Her Majesty's Attorney-General and Solicitor-General -in England, stated by the Attorney-General in New Zealand. Ok His Excellency" Sir George Bowen assuming the Government in New Zealand, the question was raised whether the members of the Executive Council, appointed by Sir George Grey, and being in office up to the time of the publishing of the Commission of Sir George Bowen, remained in office after the publication of that Commission until they resigned or were removed, or whether upon the publication of the Commission of Sir George Bowen they ceased to hold office as Executive Councillors. The question arises upon the construction to be put upon those portions of the two Commissions which authorize the appointment of an Executive Council. The Commissions are, so far as they provide for the appointment of an Executive Council, in similar language. The second clause of the Commission of Sir George Bowen, is as follows: — " And whereas it is expedient that an Executive Council should be appointed to advise and assist " you in the administration of the Government of our said Colony : now we do declare our pleasure to " be that there shall be an Executive Council for our said Colony, and that the said Council shall " consist of such persons as you shall, by instruments to be passed under the public seal of oar said " Colony, in our name and on our behalf, from time to time nominate and appoint to be members of " the same." These words seem to imply that the Executive Council shall consist only of persons appointed to it by the Governor for the time being, and shall not include persons appointed by his predecessor, and remaining in office up to the time of the termination of his predecessor's government. No reference is made in any, part of the Commission to any Executive Council which would be in existence at the time of the publication of the Commission. It seemed as if it were intended that it should, like the Privy Council, which, irrespective of statute, would expire with the reign of the Sovereign appointing it, —cease with the administration of the Governor by whom it was nominated. On the other hand, as the Executive Council is the Council of Her Majesty, and not that of the Governor, as it is appointed in the name of Her Majesty, and on her behalf, and as appointments made by Governors of Colonies by Commissions under the public seal do not determine on the revocation of their Commissions, it would seem that the Commissions of Executive Councillors would continue, notwithstanding the determination of the Commission of the Governor who appointed them, unless it be that the duration of their Commissions is limited by the express language of the Governor's Commission. Her Majesty, by her Royal Instructions accompanying His Excellency's Commission, seemed to have contemplated that Her Executive Council appointed by Sir George Grey would not determine by the publication of His Excellency's Commission, otherwise Her Majesty would not have directed that the solemn publication of the Commission should be in the presence of the Executive Council, and that His Excellency should then, after the publication, take the oath in the presence of the Executive Council. The Executive Council appointed by His Excellency's predecessor must have been intended, otherwise, in order to obey the instructions, Sir George Bowen would have been compelled to appoint an Executive before he had himself taken the oaths. Moreover, it is observed that in the Colonial Eegulations of 1867, Article 02, it is stated that " to the Executive Council, associated with the Chief Justice, is entrusted the duty of administering to " the Governor the oaths of office ; which being done the Governor administers to the Members of the " Executive Council the oaths of office to be taken by them. Each new Member of Council on his " appointment is also required to take the oaths applying to his particular case." This regulation seems to contemplate that the Executive Council shall be a continuing body. In order that all doubt should bo avoided, His Excellency Sir George Bowen, immediately after ho had taken the oaths of office in the presence of the Chief Justice and of the Executive Council ■ appointed by Sir George Grey, re-appointed the Members of that Executive Council. It is believed that the practice in this matter in the Colonies is not uniform; in some the Executive are re-appointed, in others not.

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The question is, whether the course pursued was proper and necessary, or whether the Members of tho Executive Council appointed by Sir George Grey, and in office at the time of the determination of his Commission, remained in office afterwards until they resigned or were removed by his successor.

No. 33. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 17.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 6th March, 1868. I have the, honor to report that on the Bth instant I shall leave Wellington for Auckland in Her Majesty's ship " Falcon," to receive His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, who is expected to arrive at the latter place from Sydney about the 20th of this month. 2. As your Grace is aware, there is a Government House at Auckland, and also at Wellington, so that I shall have the honor and pleasure of entertaining the Duke of Edinburgh at both those cities. Further, the local authorities and the inhabitants generally of the principal Provinces of the South or Middle Island, are anxious that His Royal Highness should visit their respective capitals at Nelson, Christchurch, and_ Dunedin; and preparations have been made for a hearty reception in all the chief centres of population throughout this Colony. 3. Addresses have also been received from the loyal Maori tribes, praying that the " Queen's son" (to use their own phrase) may visit them ; and it is believed by those best qualified to pronounce an opinion, that the granting of this prayer will- at once reward and confirm their loyalty. Accordingly, arrangements have been made, (subject, of course, to His Royal Highness's approval,) that the Duke of Edinburgh should visit the Ngapuhi tribe, at the Bay of Islands, in the North; the Arawas, in the Bay of Plenty, on the East Coast; and the Whanganui tribes, in Cook's Strait. 4. It will be my most pleasing duty to report hereafter the details of the enthusiastic reception which will be accorded to the Duke of Edinburgh by both races of Her Majesty's subjects in New Zealand. 1 iI£L"VP (B^o His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN. P.S. —With reference to the distribution of the 18th (Royal Irish) Regiment, as reported in Sir George Grey's Despatch No. 102, of the Bth October ultimo, I may take this opportunity of mentioning that, with the concurrence alike of the Colonial Ministers and of the Military Authorities, I have given directions that one of the six companies now at Auckland may be removed to Wellington, where it will furnish the usual guards of honor during His Royal Highness's visit to this city, the political capital of New Zealand. G. F. B.

No. 34. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 20.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, —■ 7th March, 1868. Adverting to your Grace's Despatch to my predecessor, Sir George Grey, No. 68, of the 6th November ultimo, with its enclosures, respecting the disposal of certain New Zealand Bonds, I have now the honor, at the request of my Responsible • Advisers, to forward a Memorandum prepared by the acting Colonial Treasurer. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

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Enclosure in No. 34. Mejiokas'dtjm by Major Bichabdscxn". Wellington, 7th March, 1868. Adveeting to Despatch No. 6S, of the 6th November last, from His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, on the subject of the disposal by the Imperial Government of the New Zealand Bonds for £500,000, remitted in March, 1865, from the Colony, on account of Imperial claims, Ministers would observe that the estimate of the loss to the Colony of £20,000 arising from the private instead of the public disposal of those Bonds, is founded on the following statement of the Crown Agents contained in their letter dated 26th July, 1865, to the Colonial Office, and communicated to the New Zealand Government in a letter of the same date :— "Accept the Debentures just as they are offered, and during the next session of Parliament (it will be " too late probably to do it in this) pass an A.ct to guarantee this half-million. Then dispose of the " securities in the market, and you will recoup yourselves of the principal, and in all probability realize " a further sum of £20,000 for premium." The suggestion as to the guarantee was adopted, but .not that as to the disposal of the guaranteed Bonds, and therefore Ministers, who were informed by Lord Carnarvon's Despatch, No. 46, 20th November, 1866, that these Bonds had been disposed of privately to the Bank of England at par, felt bound, in their Memorandum of the 9th March last, to bring under the notice of the Imperial Government the circumstances of the case, and to submit that the Colony should not be allowed " to suffer " from the manner in which its Bonds have been disposed of by the Imperial Government, but that " the additional amounts which they would have sold for in the open market may be estimated by " competent persons, and placed to the credit of the Colony." It appears from the following extract from the letter of the Crown Agents, dated 23rd August, 1867, to the Secretary to the Treasury (enclosed in the Despatch now referred to) that they substantially adhere to their former estimate of the loss in question: — " 8. It is believed, however, that the estimate now called in question was a moderate one, and, " looking to the comparative state of the market in. September, 1866, the Crown Agents see no reason " to doubt that it would have been to a great extent, if not entirely, realized had the Bonds been sold " publicly instead of privately." The Crown Agents also refer in the following words to an additional loss to the Colony which cannot be represented in figures : —■ " 10. The public sale of a guaranteed Colonial Loan is, in the estimation of the Crown Agents, " much more important with regard to its future influence upon the general credit of the Colony " than from any considerations as to price on one limited issue of this kind, and it is more especially " for this reason that they ought to have brought the subject more prominently to the notice of their " Lordships before the sale to the Bank of England." Ministers desire to bring under the notice of His Grace that these Bonds wore voluntarily remitted by the Colonial Government, not as the payment for a legal debt, for at that time the claims and counter-claims on each side were altogether unadjusted, but with an earnest desire —not as of a party to a mercantile transaction, but as a portion of a great Empire —to maintain the good faith of the Colony and to contribute to the utmost of its own resources to the generous aid which had been afforded to it by the Imperial Government; that the remittance was made at a time when the Colony was suffering under great financial pressure, when it was still engaged in active hostilities, and when it had offered to dispense with further Imperial assistance, and to relieve Great Britain from a large military expenditure: that in giving practical effect to the acceptance of that offer, the Colony is undergoing heavy sacrifices; that the Crown Agents, competent and impartial judges, estimate that the public disposal of these Bonds (the mode contemplated in the Ministerial Memorandum of 23rd March, 1865, notifying the remittance) would have realized to the Colony a premium of £20,000 and a beneficial influence on its public credit. Ministers respectfully trust that, on a retrospect of all the circumstances of this case, the Imperial Government will be disposed to give the claims of the Colony in this matter a favorable reconsideration. For His Excellency the Governor. J. L. C. Eiciiaedson.

No. 35. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 21.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 7th March, 1868. Adverting to your Grace's Despatch No. 84, of the 21st December ultimo, I have the honor to state that a reply in the terms desired by your Grace, has been sent to the Maori chief John Topi Patuki, with reference to the petition addressed by him to Her Majesty the Queen. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN. 15 -

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No. 36. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 22.) Government House, Wellington, My Loed Duke,— 17th March j 1868. In oontinnation of my previous Despatches respecting the present condition of the Maoris, I have the honor to transmit herewith a map, showing the distribution of the several Native tribes in New Zealand. With trifling exceptions, they are all resident in the Northern Island. I annex a nominal list of these clans, and of the principal chiefs, together with a statement of the estimated number of each tribe at the present time, and of its attitude, whether loyal or hostile to the Government, with other explanatory remarks. 2. These documents have been, carefully prepared at my request in the department of the Native Minister, by officers of great experience in Maori affairs. On my arrival here, I found that no full or accurate documents of this kind were on record. And yet it is obvious that without such aid no accurate knowledge can be acquired, and no adequate opinion can be formed on the state of New Zealand, especially in England, —at the distance of half the circumference of the globe. 8. It will be seen that the lands confiscated some years ago for rebellion are estimated in the aggregate at nearly three millions five hundred thousand acres; but that a large portion of this territory has been already restored to the former owners, on their submission, while another large portion has been appropriated as compensation for the services of friendly Natives. 4. The titles to certain lands on the East Coast of the Northern Island have been long in dispute, and are now under investigation before the proper legal tribunal, in pursuance of Acts passed by the New Zealand Parliament in 1866 and 1867. 1 am informed that it is probable that in a majority of cases, the present holders will be confirmed in possession of the lands which they now occupy. 5. It will be perceived that the total Maori population is estimated now, in 1868, at 88,517 ; of which number all except from 1,500 to 2,000 reside in the Northern Island. Ten years ago, in 1858, a Government census returned the total Maori population at 56,049; twenty years ago, in 1818, the Maoris were estimated at about 100,000. The causes which have contributed to produce this rapid and deplorable decay have been discussed at length by several writers of ability and local experience. I would refer more particularly to the works of Mr. Eox, formerly Prime Minister of this Colony : and of Dr. A. S. Thompson, who was resident in New Zealand for many years as surgeon to the 58th Regiment. Mr. Eox shows that the gradual disappearance of the Maoris is not to be attributed in any large degree, to their intercourse with Europeans; for " that, for the most part, has " led to the adoption of better food, better dwellings, better general habits of " life." .... "The one great cause has been, and is, their utter disregard of all " thoes social and sanitaryconditions which are essential to the continuing vitality "of the human race. This cause was in existence long before there was a " European in the islands, and there is little doubt that the race was on the "decrease when Cook first landed there." Dr. Thompson observes: "The " extinction of aboriginal races has been often caused by evil treatment. The " hands of the early settlers in America, the West Indies, Tasmania, Australia, " and Africa, are not clean from this imputation; but, as far as the story of New " Zealand has yet been unrolled, the pioneers of civilization, and the majority of " English, Irish, and Scotch settlers in the islands have, with some few exceptions, " acted towards the Natives in a spirit of Christianity unknown to the Saxon " colonists in Ireland, the Norman invaders of England, or the Spanish con- " querors of America." 7. It is to be hoped that the general restoration of peace and the prohibition of inter-tribal wars ; the gradual individualization of property in land, now held in common ; the progress of trade and friendly intercourse between the European settlers and the Maoris; the increasing use of animal food and wheaten flour;

Enclosure 1,

Enclosure 2.

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

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the schools, hospitals, roads, and other institutions hy means of which the Colonial Government is endeavouring to promote the civilization of the Natives ; will all contribute to arrest the further decay of the yet surviving remnant of a most interesting race. I have, &c, G. E, BOWEN. His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos.

Enclosure 1 in No. 36. (Map of Noetji Island showing the locality of each tribe.)

Enclosure 2 in No. 36. List of Maori. Teibes and Chiefs. Earawa—2,7Gl. Friendly. Leading men : PuMpi te Eipi, "Wi Tana Papahia, Te Anga, To Morenga, Teau to Tai, Paraone Ngaruhe, Tipeno te Tata. Ngaptthi—s,BOll. Friendly. Leading men: Tamati Waka Nene (a thorough friend all his life to the Pakoha, —one of those to whom it is owing that Heke's rebellion in 1845-6 was quelled), Eangatira Mootara, Aperahama te Taonui, Arama Karaka Pi, Mohi Tawhai, Papalmrihia, Hira Mura, Piripi Korongohi, Hare Wirikake, Hemi Marup.o, Kingi W. Tareha, Maihi Kawiti, Huirua, Kingi Hori Kira, Te Tirarau, Parata Mate. Ngatiwiiatua—7o9. Friendly. Leading men: Te Otene Pura, Paraone Ngaweke, Paikea, Apihai te Kawau, Te Hemara Tauhia. Ngatimaeu— 3,67o. Partly friendly, partly hostile. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men: Haora Tipa, Te Taniwha Kitahi, Eopata te Arakai, Kgakapa W., Taraia, Te Hirakake, Te Moananui. Ngaiteeangi—l,l9B. Partly friendly, partly Iwstile. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men: Hori Tupaea, Hamiora Tv, "Wiremu Parera, Hohepa Hikataia, Enoka to Whanake, Te Kuka, Maihi Pohepohe, E. te Hiahia, Te Eanapia. "Waikato, &c. —2,279. a Partly friendly, partly hostile. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men: Ta Kerei te Eau, Tamati Ngapora (Matutaera's as principal political adviser), Wi te Wheoro, Te Hakiriwhi, Te Pakaroa, Tamihana Tunui, Aihepena Kaihau, Hori Tauroa, Heta Tauranga (W. Thompson's son-in-law), Matutaera Potatau (the so-called Maori king), Waikato te Tawhana, Nini Kukutai. Ngatimaktapoto—2,ooo. All hostile. Leading men: Eewi Maniapoto, Tikaokao, Te Tapihana Tiriwa (taken prisoner at Eangiriri). These three chiefs are and have been active and resolute opponents of the Government. Ngatiawa—l,293.fr Mostly friendly. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Loading men : Honiana te Puni (the E. Puni of the New Zealand Company's reports. To this chief's influence it was mainly owing that the war in the Wellington Province in 1846 was brought to a close. He has been a firm and faithful friend of the Pakeha from the very first) ; Eopiha Moturoa, Ihaia Porutu, Wi Tako Ngatata, Wikitoa Taringakuri (supposed to be one of the oldest chiefs living) ; W. Kingi te Eangitakc (William King of the Waitara war) ; Te Teira Manuka (the chief seller of the Waitara Block in 1860) ; Mahau, Poharama, Pirika Mahutu, Eopoama te One (of Marlborough), W. K. te Puoho (of Nelson). Tabanaki—lOO.o Partly friendly. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men :W. Kingi Matakatea, Mohi. Taranaki, Hemi Parai, E. Ngarongomate, Porikapa. Ngatiettantji—7so,rf Partly friendly. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men : Hone Pihama (a returned rebel, and since his return a most active and trustworthy friend) ; Hano Wiremu, Ngatairakaunui, W. Hukanui, Natanahira Nga Hina, Tito te Hanataua, Nga Waka Taurua, Titokowaru, Toi, Ahipane Marangai (friendly all through the war). Ngaeatieu—4oo. Mostly returned rebels. Leading men : Aperahama Tamaiparea, Te Kcpa Heheu. WiiANaAJrui —1,427. Friendly. Loading men: Hori Kingi te Anaua, Te Mawae, Mete Kingi Paetahi, Kepa Eangihiwinui, Kawana Paipai, Tamati Puna, Haimona te Aoterangi. (These seven chiefs distinguished themselves in the battles of Moutoa and Ohoutahi) ; Pehi Turoa (rebel). Ngatiapa—32s. Friendly. Leading men: Aperahama Tipae, Hunia to Hakeke, Mohi Mahi, Wi Mokomoko. Eajtgitane— 2so.e Friendly. Leading men: Te Huru te Hairo, Te Peiti te Aweawe, Hoani Meihana te Eangiotu, Hirawanu Kai Mokopuna. Muaupoko—l2s. Friendly. Loading men: Noa te Whata, Maru te Eangimairehau. (Eangitano and Muaupoko are really sub-tribes of Ngatikahungunu, though they are spoken of as distinct tribes. Ngatikahunguitit—2,9s2. Friendly. Leading men : Tareha, Te liapuku, Ihaka Whaanga, Karaitiana, Eanata Kawepo, Ngairo, Te Manihera Eangitakaiwaho, Paora te Apatu. a These numbers are based upon Returns furnished to the Native Office by the Resident Magistrates in the several districts comprising the Waikato territory, but only show the number at present residing in the District of Waiuku, Waikato, and Raglan. b This number includes also sucli of the Ngatiawa and Ngatitama as are resident in the Wellington and Nelson Proyincos. c Including also such of the Taranaki as are resident in the Wellington Province. d Including also such of the Ngatiruanui as are resident in the Wellington Proyinco. c Including such of the Bangitane as aro resident in the Middle Island.

A.—No. 1.

Te Aeawa —1,951.01 Friendly. Leading men: Henare Pukuatua, Paora te Amoliau, Petirate Pukuatua, Temuera, Arama Karaka, Te Matangi, Te Pokiha Taranui, Matene Te Huaki, Te Mapu, Hori te Haupapa, Eewi Tereanuku, "W. Maihi te Bangikaheke, Wiremu Eupa, Wiremu Katene, "VV. Kepa te Bangipuawhe, Te WikiriwM. Ngatiawa—6s9. Mostly friendly at present. Leading men: Opanui, Hohaia Matatihokia, HoriTunui. Whakatoiiea —573. Partly friendly, partly hostile. A considerable number professed Haahaus. Leading men : Raugimatanuku, "Witeria Taawhi. Ngaitai—Chief: "W. K. Tutehuarangi. Whatjau o Apantji—Leading men : Tatana Ngatawa, Hamiora Eeweti. Te ITeeweba —500. In active rebellion. Leading men: Harehare, Hamiora Takurua, To Hiko ote Eangi. Ngatitiwhabetoa—soo. Friendly. Leading men: Te Heuheu, Te Herekiekie, Poihipi Tukairangi. Hohepa Tamamutu, Hare Tauteka, Takeura Tauteka. Noatieaukawa — 1,071.5 Partly friendly, partly hostile. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men: Aperaharna te Hurulruru, Nepia Taratoa, Noa te Rauhihi, Matene te Whiwhi, Ke Kooro te One, Tamihana te llauparaha. Ngaitawabeee—3oo. Leading men : Matcnga, Te ITata. Eonqowiiakaata—l,ooo. Partly friendly,partly hostile. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men : Hirini te Kani, Eahuruhi Bukupo. Henare Potae, Te Paratene Turangi. Ngatipoeotx—4,soo. Partly friendly, partly hostile. A considerable number professed Hauhaus. Leading men : Wild te Matehe, Mokena Kohere, Iharaira te Houkamau, Tai Ngaruru. Approximate total population in the Northern Island, including such members of northern tribes as are resident in the Province of Nelson, such as Ngatiawa, Eangitane, Ngatitoa, &c. ... ... ... ... ... ... 37,017 Ngaitahu and Ngatimamoe—Leading men: Pita te Hori, Matiaha Tiramorehu, Honi Topi Patuke ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1,500 Approximate Total Population ... ... ... 38,517

No. 37. Copt of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. P. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 23.) Government. House, Wellington, My Lokd Duke, — 17th March, 1868. I have the honor to transmit herewith, for your Grace's information, an able and interesting Memorandum, prepared at my request, by Mr. John Hall, one of the Ministers of this Colony, respecting the new County of Westland, recently established in the Middle Island of New Zealand under the provisions of the Act No. 25 of 1867. 2. It will be seen that this measure is an important modification of the system of Provincial Governments, erected by "The New Zealand Constitution Act 1852." 3. Two political parties have developed themselves in this Colony, tinder the names of Centralists and Provincialists. They are somewhat analogous to the two great parties in America, the Federalists, and the advocates of the so-called sovereign rights of the separate States. Here the Centralists would be glad to see the Provincial Governments gradually replaced by Municipal institutions on an extended scale; while the Provincialists prefer the maintenance, with some modifications, of the general system established in 1852. As this is a political controversy of local concern, and which must be discussed and decided in the Colonial Parliament, it is, of course, the duty of the Representative of the Crown to abstain carefully from even the appearance of interfering on either side. I forward herewith the copy of an address recently delivered by Sir David Monro, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, in which the views of the Centralists are set forth; and also the copy of a recent speech of Mr. Pox, formerly Colonial Secretary of New Zealand, controverting those views. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. P. BOWEN. a This is probably an under estimate of the Arawa. b This number includes the Ngatitoa who have intermarried almost completely into the Ngaliraukawa. Also such of Ngatitoa as are resident in the Nelson Province. Including prisoners at the Chatham Islands.

Enclosure with Sub-Enclosure.

Extract from Nelson Examiner, Jan. 81, 1868. Sir D. Monro'a Speech. Mr. Fox's Speech at Wangunui.

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A.—No. 1,

Enclosure in No. 37. Memorandum by Mr. Hall. Wellington, 20th March, 1868. The following Memorandum on the origin and working of " The County of Westland Act, 1867," is respectfully submitted to His Excellency. The County of Westland co?nprises that portion of the Middle Island of New Zealand lying between the Provinces of Nelson and Otago and the mountain range which runs through the island in a North and South direction. The greater part of this tract of country is broken and mountainous, and, with trifling exceptions, it is covered with dense forest. It was included in the Province of Canterbury when the division of New Zealand into Provinces was effected in 1853. Until the year 1865 this district was almost unknown to and unvisitcd by Europeans. At that time, however, rich gold deposits were discovered, and in a few months not less than 15,000 or 20,000 miners and persons connected with gold mining had located themselves in Westland. This number has since that time much increased. In accordance with the usual practice in New Zealand the management of this gold field was delegated to the Provincial Government of the Province within which it was situated, and that Government without delay took the necessary steps for the administration of the affairs of the district and the maintenance of law and order among its population. It was placed, however, at a considerable disadvantage in discharging this duty, by the difficulty of communication between the East and West Coasts, between which no road had at that time been formed. The Westland gold fields remained under the administration of the Provincial Government of Canterbury until the end of the year 1867, and although the dissatisfaction to which its management has given rise has been such as to induce the General Assembly to put an end to it, it is but just to the Provincial Government to state that this result appears due rather to the inherent difficulties of the case, than to the absence of efforts on its part to provide an efficient local administration. Two representatives from the gold field were soon, after its proclamation, admitted into the Provincial Council of Canterbury, and this number was afterwards increased to five, and legislation on local subjects, adapted to the special wants of the Westland District, occupied a large share of the attention of the Council. The whole of the revenue collected in Westland by the Provincial Government was spent in public works and in maintaining the necessary establishments of Government, and even large advances for the same purpose were made from the funds of the eastern part of the Province. Notwithstanding these endeavours, considerable dissatisfaction was expressed in Westland at the manner in which the revenues of the district were expended and its affairs managed, and this dissatisfaction continued to increase until it had culminated in a desire for separation from the Province of Canterbury. The explanation of this failure appears to lie in the fact that these two portions of the Province had no local interests in common. They are separated from eacli other by a lofty and rugged mountain range, which extends from the northern to the southern boundary of the Province, forming a natural barrier between the two districts. Their physical features, their interests and resources, and the character and pursuits of their inhabitants are in every respect entirely dissimilar. The eastern portion is a purely agricultural and pastoral country ; the land has been cither sold or let for grazing purposes, and its inhabitants look upon the district as their home. The western side of the range, on the other hand, is a dense forest, which, but for its vast mineral resources, would have remained unoccupied for many years to come. The residents there are all either engaged in mining or in supplying the wants of miners ; their attachment to the soil is of a less permanent character than that which characterizes the East Coast settlers. They come chiefly from Victoria, and are unaccustomed to the local institutions of the Province of Canterbury. The attention of the Colonial Government had for some time been directed to the above circumstances, and upon the presentation to the General Assembly of numerously signed petitions from Westland praying for ils separation from the Province of Canterbury, Ministers were able to satisfy the Assembly that tne time had arrived when new provision ought to be made for the local government of this important district. Por such purpose it appeared desirable to devise some machinery less cumbrous and costly than that of the Provincial Governments as they are now constituted. It was therefore proposed that the District of Westland should be constituted a County, in which the management of roads and public works should bo placed almost entirely in the hands of local road boards, and where a County Board or Council should bo created by whom the funds available for those works should be distributed among the road boards, and which should advise and assist the Government or its local agent generally in the management of the affairs of the County. This proposal was embodied in a .Bill which received the assent of the Assembly, and a copy of which is annexed to this Memorandum. Owing to the circumstances under which this Act was passed, it was necessarily very imperfect, and many of its provisions were of an experimental character. The evils of the then existing system were, however, so pressing that it was thought desirable that the experiment should be initiated without delay, and that necessary amendments should be made in the Act as soon as practical experience of its working should have indicated the direction and character of the amendments which it required. Accordingly the Act was brought into force on the Ist January last; the lioad Boards and the County Council have been elected; and the latter has held its first sitting, at which, by appointment of the Governor, I occupied the position of chairman. The proceedings of the Council induce the Government to believe that the experiment will be a success. Many subjects of considerable local importance were discussed by the Council with judgment and moderation. The elected members brought to these discussions an amount of knowledge and experience which was found extremely useful, and the views and feelings of the residents in the County, whose interests were involved in those subjects, were effectually represented. Among other questions the important one of the disposal of Crown Lands within the County in such a manner as to encourage agricultural settlement without unduly restricting mining enterprise, was fully considered, and recommendations have been furnished which the Colonial Government believes will form the basis of a satisfactory solution of this important question. 16

County of Westland Act, 1867.

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On the subject of the amendments required in the County of Westland Act itself, resolutions were passed, of which a copy is annexed. They suggest a clearer distinction than the Act now provides between the powers and functions of the Colonial Government and those of the County Council, and they recommend that the latter should be confined generally to local subjects, and that those subjects should be placed entirely under its control. These recommendations meet generally with the concurrence of the Colonial Government, and it will embody them in the amendments to be proposed in the Westland Act during the next session of the General Assembly. If these amendments should be assented to, Ministers believe that a form of local government will have been provided for this important district, which, while reserving to the Colonial Government the necessary control and authority in questions of general Colonial import, will at the same time provide an efficient and inexpensive machinery for the administration of local affairs, and for regulating the expenditure of revenues available for roads and other public works. It is not, however, in its bearing on the interests of the County of Westland alone that Ministers consider this experiment an important one. Many of the circumstances which have made tho Westland Act a necessity have their parallel in a greater or less degree in other parts of New Zealand. Owing to the growth, in many cases at a distance from Provincial capitals, of new centres of population, which had no existence when the present Provinces were created, Provincial Governments no longer furnish that provision for the local administration of local affairs which is an important element of efficient government in any country, but especially in the case of one so peculiarly situated as is tho Colony of New Zealand ; moreover, the financial embarrassments in which several of the Provincial Governments have become involved make it exceedingly doubtful whether in some instances they can themselves be maintained for any length of time. Under these circumstances any practical instance of how local administration can be economically and effectually provided must be valuable ; and looking to the results of the Westland experiment, so far as it has yet been tried, Ministers believe that it will prove to be a great step towards the harmonious combination of complete local self-government with all necessary national unity. For His Excellency the Governor. J. Hall.

Sub-Encloeure,

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure in No. 37. Eepoet of the Select Committee appointed to consider and report upon, necessary Amendments in the County of Westland Act. Totte Committee having considered the question of amending the County of Westland Act have adopted the following Resolutions, which they submit for discussion by the Council, with the view of their being transmitted to the Colonial Secretary and the Speakers of both Houses of the Legislature : —• 1. That it is desirable the County Council should consist of eight elected members, namely — Two for the Municipality of Hokitika ; two for the Municipality of Greymouth; and one for each of the Eoad Districts. 2. That the Wcstland County Council be invested with the power to appropriate money out of the County Fund for the construction of main roads, bridges, wharves and other public works, and retain the supervision over works thus constructed until such works have been handed over to the Municipalities or Eoad Boards for maintenance. 3. That it is desirable the respective revenues and functions of the County Council and of the Government should be clearly defined, the expenses of departments which are to be controlled by the Government being voted by the General Assembly, and the revenues which are available for the County Council being placed at its sole disposal. 4. That the departments of Justice, Police, Gaol, and Harbours ought to be entirely under the control of the General Government, and all other departments hitherto under the Provincial Government entirely under the control of the County Council, subject, however, in the case of the Survey Department to such control, including the appointment of Chief Surveyor as may bo necessary to ensure an efficient survey of those portions of Crown Lands for which the Governor may be called upon to issue Crown Grants. 5. That it is desirable that the Chairman of the County Council be elected by the Members of the County Council. G. That the Road Boards shall have the control and management of all roads, bridges, wharves, ferries, drains, watercourses, streams, &c, with the exception of main roads, and bridges and ferries along main roads. 7. That it is desirable that the Municipal Councils and Eoad Boards furnish half-yearly returns to the Chairman of the County Council, of receipts and disbursements of all moneys by them. 8. That it is desirable that legal provision should be made for enabling holders of miners' rights and business licenses to vote in those districts in which their operations are carried on. 9. That it is desirable that holders of business licenses and miners' rights being aliens should be allowed to vote at Eoad Board elections. John A. Whall, 2Gth day of February, 1868. Chairman of Select Committee.

No. 38. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F, Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 24.) Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke,— 27th March, 1868. 1. With reference to my Despatch No. 1.7, of the 6th instant, I have the

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honor to report that my departure from Wellington was delayed for some days by the pressure of public business ; but that I left the seat of Government on the 22nd, and landed at Auckland on the 25th instant. 2. I enclose the accounts of my reception here as given by the two daily journals published in this City. All the arrangements were made in excellent taste ; and nothing could exceed the enthusiasm displayed: by all classes of the community. The newspapers transmitted herewith contain the principal addresses presented to me, together with my replies. My acknowledgments were expressed in the following terms in answer to the address read by the Superintendent of the Province of Auckland: —" I thank, in the name of the Queen, your Honor and " the inhabitants of this Province, for the magnificent reception which you have " accorded to me, as Her Majesty's Kepresentative, on the occasion of my first visit "to Auckland. It is my firm belief that no Governor of a British Colony—nay " more, that few public men in England —have ever been greeted with more genuine " respect, with more overflowing kindness, with a more enthusiastic welcome than " I was greeted by the thousands of my fellow-countrymen and of the Maori race, " who to-day crowded the wharves and lined the streets of your City. This " demonstration cannot fail to be personally gratifying to Lady Bowen and myself; " while it is most satisfactory, on public grounds, as a fresh proof of your devoted "loyalty to our Sovereign, and of your patriotic attachment to our Mother " Country." ?>. The details of the recent atrocious attempt to assassinate the Duke of Edinburgh at Sydney, were not known at Auckland on my arrival here ; but a rumour was in circulation to the effect that His Royal Highness had been providentially protected from harm. On this point, one of the principal organs of the local press makes the following remarks : " disconcerting as this information " was, it had two very visible effects. The first was that peculiar expression which "is as uniformly visible on the faces of many as of one, denoting abhorrence and " disgust ; and the second was a determination to make the reception of His " Excellency something more than a personal compliment ; in short a demonstra- " tion of loyalty to the Sovereign and mother of the young Prince whose life had " been endangered, testified in the respect offered to Her Majesty's newly appointed " Representative in this country." 4. It will be seen from the enclosed narratives that on landing at Auckland I was welcomed not only by many thousands of my fellow-countrymen, but also by the principal Maori chiefs of the Northern districts of New Zealand, headed by Emera Patuone, who, with his brother Tamati Waka Nene, has ever been the firm friend of the English in peace, and their brave ally in war. While I was rowed ashore in one of the boats of H.M.S. "Falcon," these chiefs, and the numerous assemblage of Maoris of both sexes that surrounded them on the pier, presented a sight in the highest degree picturesque and affecting, as they chanted their national songs of welcome, at the same time waving their mantles in the air, after the traditional custom of their race. 5. Several of the addresses presented to me by the Maoris are interesting and suggestive, especially that read by the chief Paora Tuhaere, of which I annex a translation, together with a copy of my reply to it. I have caused my acknowledgements of all the addresses presented by the Maoris to be. circulated among them in their own language. 6. In conclusion, I would observe that the proceedings described in the enclosures to this Despatch cannot fail to be satisfactory to all persons interested in the welfare of this Colony ; for these papers contain strong proofs of the general loyalty of both races of Her Majesty's subjects in New Zealand to the Throne, and also of their growing mutual goodwill. It will be seen that the desire that Europeans and the Maoris shall henceforward dwell together in peace and harmony is made the burden of many of the addresses alike from the Colonists and from the Natives. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

Enclosure No. 1. Daily Southern Cross, March 26, 1863; Enclosure No. 2. New Zealand Herald, Mar. 26, 1868. Enclosure No. 3, Auckland Provincial Government Gazette, March 25, 1868.

Enclosure No. 2, New Zealand Herald.

Enclosure Wo. 4. Enclosure No. 5. See Auckland Provincial Gazette, 2nd June, 1868.

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No. 39. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 26.) Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke,— 2nd April, 1868. 1. Since I wrote my Despatch No. 24, of the 27th ultimo, reporting my arrival at Auckland, full details of the infamous attempt lately made at Sydney to assassinate the Duke of Edinburgh have reached this Colony, and have naturally excited general indignation and horror at the crime, and general sympathy with the sufferer. These feelings are finding expressions everywhere throughout New Zealand by means of the press and of public meetings. In all the Churches last Sunday thanksgivings were offered for the providential escape of His Royal Highness, with prayers for his speedy and complete restoration to health. 2. It is still earnestly hoped that the Duke of Edinburgh may ere long be so far recovered as to be enabled to visit at least one port in this Colony on his return to England. It is thought, moreover, that the excellent climate of New Zealand, proved during the recent war to be favourable in the cure of gunshot wounds, would exercise a beneficial influence and accelerate his convalescence. The commodious Government House, at Auckland, would, of course, be placed at his disposal, and he would consult his own wishes and the advice of his medical attendants as to appearing in public or otherwise. I have submitted all the above facts for His Royal Highness' consideration. I have, &c.j His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

No. 40. ' Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 28.) Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke,— 4th April, 1868. In continuation of my Despatch No. 26, of the 2nd instant, I have the honor to transmit herewith for presentation to the Queen an address to Her ' Majesty; and also, a copy of an address to His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, which were adopted at a very large, influential, arid enthusiastic public meeting, held yesterday afternoon, at Auckland. 2. Similar demonstrations of devoted loyalty to the Throne, of patriotic attachment to the mother country, and of respectful sympathy with His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, are taking place at all the .centres of population throughout New Zealand. By the next mail I will transmit the further addresses which will by that time have reached me. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. P. BOWEN.

No. 41. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 29.) Government House, Auckland, My Loed Duke,— 14th April, 1868. 1. I have the honor to report that I last week visited the Gold Fields of the Province of Auckland; and also a large meeting of Maoris held near the confluence of the rivers Thames and Ohinemuri, about thirty miles inland from the mouth of the former river. I was accompanied by the Colonial Secretary (Mr. Stafford), and by several of the principal officers of the Government; and I was everywhere heartily Avelcomed by both the miners and the Natives. 2. Gold was first discovered ten years ago at Coromandel, on the peninsula which forms the eastern boundary of the harbour of Auckland and the bay of Hauraki; but it is only within the last few months that rich auriferous quartz

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reefs were discovered near tlie mouth of the River Thames ; and that the town of Shortland has sprung up there, as towns grow in the vicinity of the Gold Fields of Australasia—almost with the rapidity of the prophet's gourd. Nearly six thousand mining licenses have been issued; and the population of the new town and its vicinity is already estimated at eight thousand souls. I shall forward, periodically, returns of the gold exported from this and from the Southern Gold Fields in New Zealand. 3. I annex a brief account of my visit, which has been published by the local correspondents of the Auckland journals. There is one peculiar and very interesting and suggestive fact connected with the town of Shortland, viz., that it is arising on ground belonging to the influential Maori chief Taipari. He declines to sell his land; preferring, with a view to its rapid increase in value, to let it in lots on building leases. But he has made liberal gifts of sites for churches for the Anglicans, the Roman Catholics, the Presbyterians, and the other principal Christian communions; as also for a public hospital, a cemetery, a park, and other public purposes. He employs Europeans to survey and lay out roads and streets, and to construct drains, culverts, and the like. In short, he appeared to me, on the one hand, as capable of maintaining his just rights, and, on the other, as desirous to improve his property, as any English landlord. Taipari's income, from rents and mining licenses, is already at the rate of nearly £4,000 sterling yearly. He has caused a commodious house, in the English style, to be built for himself on a slope commanding a beautiful prospect over the sea and the rising town. Taipari's example, and the knowledge of the wealth which he is acquiring by allowing the Colonists to occupy his land on equitable terms, are beginning to exercise a beneficial influence over many of his Maori countrymen who have hitherto lived in sullen and hostile isolation. 4. I had at first intended to limit my tour, on this occasion, to the Gold Fields; but, while I was at Shortland, I learned that a large meeting of Maoris, composed partly of loyal tribes, and partly of Hauhau fanatics, adherents of the so called Maori king, had assembled at Ohinemuri, about thirty miles up the River Thames; with the object, principally, of consulting whether the miners should be permitted to search for gold in that quarter. 1 was advised by the Government officers, and others best qualified to judge on a subject of this nature, that much public benefit might result from my proceeding, without notice, to the place of meeting; not to treat expressly of public affairs, but, as it were, to receive, on behalf of the Queen, the homage of the assembled Natives; many of ■whom had been recently in arms against the Crown. Accordingly, I went up the River Thames in a small Government steamer, and anchored off' the Maori encampment, which presented a very picturesque sight, with the flags and streamers of the several tribes flying over their tents. After a slight hesitation all these flags were lowered before the Governor's flag ; and I was invited by a deputation of chiefs to come ashore. I landed amid general shouts and songs of welcome from the liauhaus as well as from the friendly Natives ; and. was conducted to a seat placed for me in the centre of the camp. On my right and left were ranged about four hundred of the loyal Ngatimaru and other tribes ; while immediately in front was a nearly equal number of Maoris who were engaged against the Government in the late war. The customary war dance, equivalent to a military guard of honor elsewhere, was led by Taraia, the famous old chief of the Ngatitameras, who presided over the last great cannibal feast held (in 1848) in New Zealand, and who is one of the few survivors of times and manners which have now well-nigh passed away. Taraia afterwards excused himself to me for his indifferent dancing, which he ascribed to his fourscore years, and not to any want of loyalty on his part. On the conclusion of the war dance, I was addressed in the usual fashion, by the leading Maoris present, in a series of speeches ; of which, as also of my reply, an abstract will be found in the enclosure. It will be seen that the Hauhau chiefs avoided committing themselves expressly to any particular course of policy ; but, since my return to Auckland, I have been assured that my visit and the short speech which I addressed to the meeting has produced a favourable impression, and has jmved the way to several arrangements and concessions calculated to preserve the peace of the district, and to extend the authority of the 17

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law. In particular, it is stated that the minds of my audience w Tere disabused of a prevalent notion that the arrival of the new Governor would lead to alterations in the law, and to a reversal of the policy pursued of late years by Her Majesty's. Government. It will be seen that I reminded them, in their own figurative language, that " Governors and Maori chiefs, like other men, are mortal, and pass away, like " the changes of the seasons ; whereas the law remains the same for ever, even as " the sun shines in heaven, both in summer and in winter. I have come here to " uphold the law. If any man be aggrieved, let him state his grievance in a law- " ful manner, and justice will be done him whether he be Pakeha or Maori." And again: " The Queen is always glad to hear that her Maori children are living in " peace and harmony with her European children. It is, and always has been, the " desire of the Queen that there should be one law for both Pakeha and Maori. " The word of the Queen is that the Pakeha and Maori should be united as one " people." I have, &c, G. F. BOWEN. His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos.

No. 42. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 31.) Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke,— 28th April, 1868. In continuation of my Despatches, No. 26, of the 2nd, and No. 28, of the 4th instant, I have the honor to transmit herewith, for presentation to Her Majesty, further addresses to the Queen from various parts of this Colony, —all expressing the horror and indignation of the Colonists of New Zealand at the attempt recently made at Sydney to assassinate the Duke of Edinburgh. 2. Similar feelings are everywhere expressed by the Maoris. They form the burden of many of the speeches delivered at the Native meetings at which I have lately been present, and of many of the letters addressed to me by the principal chiefs. I subjoin as a specimen of these loyal and hearty effusions, the following translation of a letter circulated among his tribe by Te Wheoro, an influential chief of Waikato :— " O my friends ! The tidings have reached us here about the attempt to " assassinate the son of the Queen. Our hearts are very dark on account of this " great calamity which has befallen the descendant of Kings and Chiefs, who was " coming in his greatness to visit this land, inhabited by his faithful people. We, " the Chiefs of Waikato, who are living under the laws of his mother, Queen " Victoria, had been looking forward to the arrival of this young Chief, to greet " him as a noble stranger with songs of welcome, and to show him the ancestral " customs of the Maoris, the Natives of this country. But he has been held back " from us by this evil which has befallen his innocent person. Alas !ye children " of Kings, to what perils are you exposed ! O son of the Queen, rest you " patiently under this affliction. We, your Maori friends, are bowed down with " sorrow on account of this evil deed which has been brought upon you in the " days when in your graciousness you w"ere about to visit your faithful tribes in " these islands. There can be no murder equal to this, which is the most " atrocious ever perpetrated in the world, and the remembrance of which will '■' never pass away. Enough: Here ends this greeting from your friend who " is living under the shadow of the Queen. —W. Te Wheoho." 3. In a letter which the Duke of Edinburgh addressed to me from Sydney,. His Royal Highness expressed the deep regret and disappointment which he felt at being obliged, in consequence of the representations of Commodore Lambert and of his medical advisers, to abandon, on the presentoccasion, his proposed visit

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to New Zealand ; requesting me, at the same time, to make known these sentiments to both races of Her Majesty's subjects in this Colony. I have accordingly caused a notification to the desired effect to be published in English and Maori in the Government Gazette. This notification has been copied into all the Colonial newspapers ; and I have used similar language in addressing the various Native meetings at which I have been present. As I have already stated elsewhere, I have performed this part of my duty with a heavy heart, for I felt how much better it would have been performed by the Duke of Edinburgh in person; and that the projected visits of His lloyal Highness to the principal Native districts, had it been possible to have carried them out, might have exercised a very salutary influence on the Maoris, and might have thus been productive of important public benefits. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. E. BOWEN.

Vide Nem Zealand Gazette^ No. 26, 1808, p. 229.

No. 43. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 32.) Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke,— 29th April, 1868. I have the honor to transmit the enclosed account, extracted from the columns of the local newspapers, of my recent public reception at Onchunga, the town at the head of the navigation of the Manukau harbour, and distant about six miles from Auckland. 2. As the local journals observe, " The cordial and enthusiastic reception " given to mo "by the people of the town and its neighbourhood was highly " creditable to the inhabitants, as being an uninistakcable manifestation of their " loyalty to their beloved Sovereign, and of their respect for her Representative in " New Zealand." It will be observed that I was welcomed also by the Maoris resident in the district with the customary war dance, and with a feast in the Native fashion. 3. Copies of the addresses presented to Lady Bowen and myself will be found in the enclosures. It will have been observed that on this as on several other similar occasions language has been used to the same effect with this paragraph in the Onehunga address:—" We trust that, under your administration, the " adversities under which we have lately suffered may be ameliorated, and that " the Province may be restored to its former prosperity." It would of course be unfortunate if too much were expected in any quarter from a Governor who, so far as colonial interests are concerned, is simply the constitutional head of a Responsible Ministry; and I venture to solicit the attention of your Grace to the terms of my reply, and especially to the following paragraphs in it: —" Supported " and strengthened by the Legislature and by the people generally (as I am " confident, from the warmth of the greetings which I have received, that I shall " be), it would indeed be unpardonable if I Avere ever to neglect any of the duties " of my office, or ever to spare the best exertions of which I am capable towards " promoting your happiness and prosperity. But lam sure that you, Gentlemen, " will agree with me that the welfare of a country possessing self-government " depends, under the blessing of Providence, on the prudence and energy of its " own inhabitants. It is with a State or a Province as it is with an individual. " The whole life of every active man in a free country is necessarily a life of " labour and competition. It is a life of competition with those who are running " the same race, of struggle with circumstances —often of fight against that " adverse fortune which must now and then befal us all. But he who enters into " the work of life with that dogged perseverance which is the peculiar character-: " istic of the Anglo-Saxon race, will be well-nigh certain, sooner or later, to turn "to advantage whatever talents and opportunities he may possess. In con- " elusion, Gentlemen, I thank you for your good wishes for Lady Bowen and my "family. The duties of the Governor of a Colony where Parliamentary

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" institutions have been established are of a social quite as much as of a political " character, and we all know how much a man may be assisted by his wife in the " discharge of social duties." I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

No. 44. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. i\ Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 37). Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke,— 4th May, 1868. I have the honor to report that I returned last week from a very interesting visit to the Bay of Islands and to Mongonui, the two principal seaports and settlements in the northern part of the Province of Auckland. 2. I enclose copies of the addresses presented to me by the British settlers, and of my replies. 3. Disappointment at the enforced abandonment by the Duke of Edinburgh of His Royal Highness' proposed visit to New Zealand is keenly felt by the Maoris as well as by the Colonists; and my Responsible Advisers, and all others well acquainted with the Native race, are agreed that it is absolutely essential that the Governor should take the earliest opportunity of meeting those loyal tribes which the Duke of Edinburgh had intended to meet. The first visit of His Royal Highness would have been paid to the great Ngapuhi tribe at the Bay of Islands; and I proceeded thither on the 14th ultimo in 11.M.5. " Brisk." 4. Here I beg permission to mention that I had proposed to sail in the " Sturt," a small unarmed steamer belonging to the Colonial Government, and that I applied for a passage in the " Brisk " corvette, now stationed at Auckland, in consequence of the strong representations made on all sides as to the public importance at the present time of my proceeding to the Bay of Islands in a man-of-war. This consideration was pressed upon me, in particular, by Mr. Busby, who was the British Resident in New Zealand from 1832 until 1840, while this country was recognized as independent; who negotiated, in the last-mentioned year, the Treaty of Waitangi, by which the Maoris consented to submit to the sovereignty of the Queen of England.; and who, since that date, has continued to live at the Bay of Islands. The following is an extract from the letter addressed to me by Mr. Busby on this subject:—" The fact is that a man-of-war has always " been looked upon by the Natives as the characteristic of chieftainship. Ido not " remember any instance of a Governor of New Zealand visiting the Bay of " Islands except in one of the Queen's ships. Even when I came to this country I "was sent in a frigate, and landed under a salute; and I feel sure that the " Governor would lose the prestige and weaken the influence of his office if he " were to arrive otherwise than in a man-of-war, especially on his first visit." 5. On reaching the Bay of Islands I found that an unfortunate quarrel had arisen between the Ngapuhi and Rarawa tribes about some disputed land in the interior; that a large portion of the Ngapuhis had proceeded in arms to Hokianga, and that open warfare was imminent. It seems to be hardly understood in England that the Native Districts in the North Island of New Zealand are still in a social condition not very different from that of the Scotch Highlands down to the middle of the eighteenth century. 6. All the Maoris of the North that could be assembled at short notice, met me, to the number of about three hundred, at Waitangi, on the 17th ultimo, on the spot where the meeting of sth February, 1840 —so momentous in its results —was held. This historical site is on the shore of the Bay of Islands, where the river Waitangi (or, " Weeping Water," so called from the neighbouring cascade), falls into the sea amid very beautiful scenery. I was accompanied by the Minister for Native Affairs (Mr. Richmond), by other functionaries of the Colonial Government, and by several officers of H.M.S. " Brisk;" and I was received on landing by the

Enclosures No. 1 to 6.

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Maoris with their traditional dances and songs of welcome. I was then addressed according to the usual custom in a series of speeches by the principal chiefs present. They enlarged principally on their regret at the absence of the Duke of Edinburgh, and on the causes of the existing disturbances at Hokianga. I replied to them in an address, of which I annex an accurate report, and which, as I am assured, created a favorable impression, and will, in connection with the efforts of Mr. Richmond and of the local Magistrates, probably prevent the renewal of hostilities between the Ngapuhis and the Rarawas. 7. It will be remembered that the chiefs who first addressed the meeting at Waitangi, in 1840, strongly dissuaded their countrymen from the cession of their national independence; and that the majority yielded at length to the authority and eloquence of Tamati Waka Nene. who urged that the sovereignty of the Queen would bring with it the blessings of Christianity and of civilization. It has been often stated, and it is generally believed here, that without the support of this celebrated chief, the British Government could not have been established in New Zealand in 1840, nor maintained during the war of 1845-8. It was with deep interest that I and the other Englishmen present at the recent meeting, saw this loyal subject of our Queen, this constant friend and brave ally of our race —now in extreme old age —arise, and stirking his staff on the ground, proceed to remind his Maori countrymen that, standing on that very spot, he had counselled the fathers of the present generation to place themselves " under the shadow of the Queen and the law;" that he knew he had counselled them well; and now exhorted the sons of his former hearers to dwell in peace and brotherhood with each other and with the Colonists. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

See Auckland Provincial G-azelte, June, 2, 1868.

No. 45. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G-., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 38.) Government House, Auckland, My Loud Duke,— 12th May, 1868. I lost no time in referring for the consideration of my Responsible Advisers your Grace's Despatch No. 20, of the 25th February ultimo, enclosing a draft of a Bill which it is proposed to introduce into the Imperial Parliament for the purpose of removing doubts as to the validity of the New Zealand "County of Westland Act, 1807," and of giving further powers to the Legislature of this Colony to enable it to make any alterations in the existing Provincial Institutions which circumstances may render necessary. 2. Your Grace desired to be informed whether, in the opinion of the Government of New Zealand, this Bill, if passed into law, would meet the requirements of the case; and I have now the honor to transmit copies of a Ministerial Memorandum and of the opinion of Mr. Prendergast, the Attorney-Gen era! of New Zealand, suggesting certain verbal alterations in the Bill. I entirely concur with my Responsible Advisers in the hope " that the proposed Imperial Act may be " passed without delay, as its postponement, after the opinion which has been ■" given by the Law Officers of the Crown in England, would be productive of the " most serious consequences to the public interests in this Colony." 3. In my absence from Wellington on an official visit to the Northern districts, Mr. Hall, the Postmaster-General, on behalf of the Ministers, transmitted copies of the enclosed documents to your Grace by the last mail, with the object of avoiding any delay Avhich might prevent the enactment of the proposed law during the present session of the Imperial Parliament. I have. &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN. 18

Enclosure, with Sub-Enclosure.

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Enclosure in No. 45. Memokaxdum by Mr. Hall. Wellington, Sth May, 1868. His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos in his Despatch No. 20, of the 25th of February last, encloses a draft of a Bill which it is proposed to introduce into the Imperial Parliament for the purpose of removing doubts as to the validity of the Act of the General Assembly, entitled " The County of Westland Act, 1867," and of giving further powers to the General Assembly to enable it to make any alterations in the existing Provincial Institutions which circumstances may render necessary. His Grace also desires to be informed whether, in the opinion of the Government of J\ rew Zealand, this Bill, if passed into law, would meet the requirements of the case. Ministers having considered this Bill, enclose a Memorandum from the Attorney-G-eneral suggesting certain verbal alterations in it, and respectfully request that these amendments may be introduced into it before it becomes law. Ministers trust that the proposed Imperial Act may be passed without delay, as its further postponement after the opinion which has been given by the law officers of the Crown in England, would be productive of the most serious consequences to the public interests in this Colony. As your Excellency is at present absent from Wellington, and as the loss of the opportunity which the mails this month, via Panama and via Suez, present of transmitting this Memorandum to the Secretary of State, might prevent the enactment of the proposed law during the present session of the Imperial Parliament, Ministers take the liberty of forwarding a copy of it direct to His Grace, and trust that your Excellency will consider them, under the circumstances, justified in adopting that course. Joira" Hall, I'or His Excellency the Governor. In the absence of Mr. Stafford.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure in No. 45. Memorandum by the Attoenht-Q-eheeali. Telegram. Hokitika, 7th May, 1868. I think it would be well to request that the words "declared and" should be introduced after " therefore" and before " enacted." I think that as this is a declaratory or validating Bill it should, in its phraseology, assume that the Westland County Act was valid from the time of passing of that Act, consequently as the Westland County Act withdrew territory from a Province which does not now exist, that is, as Canterbury Province is not now identical with the Province known as " Canterbury Province " at the time of passing the English Act in 1862, nor at the time of passing the Westland Act, the words " now or hereafter established " should be "at any time heretofore established, or which may hereafter be established." If the word " now " remained, it seems to me that the effect of the Bill, as validating the Westland Act, would be open to grave question. The Westland Act did not withdraw territory from the present Province of Canterbury but from a Province not now existing and consequently not " now established." With regard to the words " since the passing of the aforementioned Act," they seem to me sufficient. The Westland Act was passed since the passing of the English Act of 1862, and that is the aforementioned Act. I think it would be advisable to ask that the following words might be added at the end of the section : —" And from time to time to make such provision as it shall think fit relating to the " effect and operation of any such withdrawals of territory on or with respect to the Province from. " which such territory shall have been withdrawn, and the Superintendent and Members of the Provincial " Council thereof for the time being in office and the laws in force in such Province at the time of such " withdrawal of territory therefrom." I have no other observation to make. James Phendehgast, Attorney - General.

No. 40. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 39.) Government House, Auckland, My Loud Duke, — 15th May, 1868. I have the honor to forward herewith the accounts given in the local journals of my public reception on the 13th instant, at Otahuhu, a town and agricultural settlement situated about nine miles from Auckland. 2. It will be seen that I had been invited to preside at the inauguration of the Monument erected at Otahuhu to the memory of the late Colonel Nixon, formerly an oificer of the 39th Regiment, and afterwards a highly esteemed settler in New Zealand ; who fell mortally wounded while commanding the Colonial forces in action at Rangiawhia, on the 21st February, 1864. 3. Copies of the addresses presented to me on this interesting occasion, and of my replies, will be found in the enclosures. It will be perceived that the proceedings of the day were very enthusiastic and successful. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. E. BOWEN.

See Nem Zealand Herald, May 14, 1868. See Daily Southern Cross, May 14, 1868.

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No. 47. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 43.) Government House, Auckland, My Loud Duke,— 29th May, 1868. In continuation of previous Despatches on the same subject, I have now the honor to transmit herewith for presentation to Her Majesty further addresses to the Queen from various parts of this Colony, expressing (in terms similar to those of the addresses already forwarded) the indignation of the people of New Zealand at the attempt recently made at Sydney to assassinate the Duke of Edinburgh, together with their devotion to Her Majesty's throne and person, and their sympathy with His lloyal Highness. 2. I have stated on previous occasions that the Maoris generally concur in these sentiments with their fellow-subjects of European blood. An additional proof of the prevalence of these loyal feelings will be found in an interesting and gratifying fact which has recently been brought to my knowledge. It had been arranged that the Duke of Edinburgh during his jirojected tour in New Zealand should visit the celebrated hot lakes and springs, which are situated at some distance inland from the eastern coast of the North Island. The loyal Arawa tribe, through whose territory it is necessary to pass to reach the lakes from the sea at Tauranga, spontaneously undertook by their personal labour —the chiefs and their clansmen working together —and without any remuneration from the Colonial Government, to construct a road sixty miles in length for the convenience of His lloyal Highness. This road was recently travelled over with ease and comfort by a party of English ladies and gentlemen, who state that the Maoris have also erected pavilions along the route, and have provided boats on the lakes in anticipation of the visit of the " Queen's son," as they affectionately style the Duke of Edinburgh. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. E. BOWEN.

No. 48. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 45.) Government House, Auckland, My Lord Duke, — 2nd June, 1868. I have the honor to report that I returned last week from an official tour through the Waikato District, which, as your Grace is aware, was the chief scene of the recent war, and contains the principal military settlements placed on the territory confiscated for rebellion. 2. I was accompanied by the Minister for Native Affairs (Mr. Richmond), the Superintendent of the Province of Auckland (Mr. Williamson), the Provincial Surveyor (Major Heaphy, who was rewarded by the Queen with the Victoria Cross for his gallant conduct as an Officer of the Colonial forces), and by other functionaries of Government. 3. I was everywhere received, by the Colonists and by the Maoris alike, with addresses of welcome and other cordial demonstrations of loyalty to the Queen, and of goodwill to myself as Her Majesty's Representative. My reception was particularly interesting at Ngaruawahia, the old Maori capital, which was entered by General Cameron in December, 1863, and is now the centre of the military settlements. I was met there by the principal settlers of the neighbouring country, and also by those Maori chiefs of the Waikato, who remained loyal to the Crown throughout the late contest. 4. By the next mail I hope to transmit maps and other documents now in course of preparation, and intended to show the present condition of the British settlements in the interior of the North Island of New Zealand, and also the present position and attitude of the so-called Maori king and his adherents. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

A.—No. 1.

No. 49. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. P. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 49.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke, — 30th June, 1868. In my Despatch No. 45, of the 2nd instant, I reported that I had then recently returned from a very interesting official tour through the Wailcato District; in which I had been accompanied by the Minister for Native Affairs (Mr. Richmond), by the Superintendent of the Province of Auckland, and by several officers of the Government. I added that by the next mail I hoped to transmit further information respecting the present condition of the British settlements in the interior of the North Island of New Zealand; and also respecting the present attitude of the so-called Maori king and his adherents. 2. The Waikato district has been described in works lately published by two able writers, thoroughly acquainted with their subject, —by Mr. Pox, formerly Prime Minister of this Colony, in his book on " The War in New Zealand," and by Mr. Gorst, late Commissioner of the Waikato, and now member for Cambridge in the Imperial Parliament. 3. Mr. Pox observes : —" The geographical relation of Waikato to Auckland, " the Seat of Government at the commencement of the war, will be comprehended "by a glance at the map. The Waikato District may be said to commence at the " point where the river takes its rectangular bend to the sea, and to embrace all " the country on or about the river and its two affluents, the Horotiu and Waipa, " for 100 miles south from that point. Starting from Auckland there is a wide " metalled road for forty miles to the river ; the first twenty-five running between " fences and through cultivated farms ; twelve of the remaining fifteen through a " dense forest, through broken country, over hills and gullies of an elevation of " from 300 to 400 feet high. The river once reached becomes the natural " highway, being navigable for light-draught steamers and boats to almost the " southern extremity of the district; and the land being practically level along " the proper right bank, there is also, with few and trifling impediments, chiefly " creeks, a good summer road all the way, either at the river side or at a little " distance from it. The great Waikato plain between the two affluents —Horotiu " and Waipa —is practically level, open, and without ' bush.' I remember no " gradient too steep to gallop a horse upon, and there are only a few clumps of " forest here and there. It is pretty nearly an equilateral triangle, with sides of " from forty to fifty miles each in length." 4. Mr. Gorst writes : —" ' Waikato ' is used indifferently as the name of a " river, a confederation of Maori tribes, and the country inhabited by them. The ** basin, which is drained by the great river and its tributaries, is occupied by a " very large number of tribes, distinct, though intimately related. They are "divided geographically and politically into-three sections, —Ngatimaniapoto, " Ngatihaua, and a group of small tribes called Waikato, over which Ngatimahuta, " the King's tribe, is dominant. The name Waikato is, however, often applied to " the whole confederation which the three sections have formed, not only by the " Colonists, Avho do not trouble themselves about nice tribal distinctions, but even " by the Maoris themselves. " The Maoris of the Waikato confederation have been for many years " regarded as the most important in New Zealand. Their pre-eminence over " other tribes is due not to any intrinsic merit of their own, but solely to their " geographical position. Their greatness has grown up with the settlement of " AiTckland —the richest in the North Island —which lies at their feet, and lias " been for many years at their mercy. The land on Avhich they live is fertile and " difficult to be invaded; while at their backs they have a rugged inaccessible " country, a retreat where they can set our civilized armies at defiance. When " New Zealand was first colonized, no one supposed that in the end we should " have to fight the Maoris for the possession of the. soil. The early settlers con- " fidently pushed their way into the heart of Native districts; homesteads, of a " few hundred acres, isolated in the midst of Maori villages, were bought without " apprehension by European farmers, and inhabited in security by their wives

See especially chapter vi.

See pages 71, 72,

See especially chapter ii., pages 12 and 13.

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■" and children. The Government did not hesitate to purchase blocks of land " cut off by intervening Native territory from the main settlements, which were " retailed in small farms to settlers, without a suspicion that the latter were being " thereby doomed to ruin. And now that a quarrel has at last arisen between the " races, the consolidation of our own territory, and the formation of a defensible " frontier between European and Maori land, imperatively demand conquests " which must entail bloodshed and suffering upon both sides." 5. It will be remembered that, after some severe fighting at Hangiriri and elsewhere, during the campaigns of 18(33 and 18G4-, General Cameron took possession of the great Waikato plain; and that military settlements have since been formed there, on the plan adopted by the Colonial Legislature. It cannot, I fear, be denied that this scheme of military colonization has proved a partial failure, like similar experiments in Canada and elsewhere, owing, principally, to the fact that the first settlers, being composed mainly of the soldiers of the disbanded Militia Regiments, were generally unused to farm labour and steady industry. A large proportion of them have already sold their allotments, and betaken themselves to the towns and the gold fields. I wish, however, to draw attention to the field now open in the Waikato for colonists of a more suitable class, and especially for agricultural settlers of experience, and possessing some capital. With this object, I beg leave to transmit a map of the lands already surveyed and open for settlement in this district. There are ample facilities for carriage both by land and water, and the distances are nearly as follows : — (a.) By Land: — MILES . Auckland to Mercer (the township at the nearest point of the River Waikato, and from which the steamers now run) ... 38 Mercer to Ngaruawahia ... ... ... ... i<o Ngaruawahia to Hamilton ... ... ... ... 12 ]Si garuawahia to Alexandra ... ... ... ... 32 Hamilton to Cambridge ... ... ... ... 15 (b.) By Water: — Prom the mouth of the Waikato to Mercer ... ... 30 Mercer to Ngaruawahia ... ... ... ... 50 Ngaruawahia to Hamilton ... ... ... ... 15 Hamilton to Cambridge ... ... ... ... 18 Ngaruawahia to Alexandra ... ... ... 42 6. As I have already reported in my Despatch No. 45, by the last mail, I was received everywhere throughout my recent tour, by the Colonists and by the Maoris alike, with addresses of welcome, and other cordial demonstrations of loyalty to the Queen and of goodwill to myself, as Her Majesty's representative. 7. The principal settlers of this district, and also those Maori chiefs of the Waikato who remained loyal to the Crown during the recent war, had assembled to meet me at Ngaruawahia, the old Maori capital, which was occupied by the English troops in December, 1863, and is now the centre of the military settlements. It is situated at the distance of about seventy-eight (78) miles from Auckland, at the confluence of the rivers Waikato (sometimes called Horotiu beyond this point) and Waipa, and the Native name of Ngaruawahia commemorating this "meeting of the waters," seems likely to outlive the new official designation of Newcastle. Here the triumphal arches formed of the beautiful ferns and flowering shrubs of the New Zealand forests, in the erection of which the Colonists had vied with the Natives to do honor to the new Governor —the British cheers mingling with the Maori chants of welcome, and, at night, the bonfires and fireworks of the Europeans lighting up the national dances of the Natives, all combined to present a most interesting and suggestive scene. 8. On the day after my arrival, the usual meeting was held by the Natives, when Wi te Wheoro, Nini Kukutai, Wi Patene, and other leading chiefs addressed me in complimentary speeches, full alike of the shrewd diplomacy and of the j figurative language of their race. I annex a copy of the speech which I delivered J in reply, and 1 venture to solicit attention to the terms in which I referred to the i 19

Enclosure 2u>. 1.

Enclosure No. 2. See Auckland Provincial Gazette, June 2, 18G3.

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questions put, and to the remarks made respecting the treaty of Waitangi, and other important topics. Of course I always settle previously with my Constitutional Advisers the general policy to be enunciated in my addresses to the Natives. 9. This meeting was held near the tomb of Potatau te Whero Where, who was elected in 1857 to be the first King of the Maoris. This tomb is much dilapidated, and it will be seen that I promised, on behalf of the Colonial Government, that it should be restored and kept in repair, " in honor of a famous " Chief of the old time, who never made war on the Queen, and who lived for " many years in peace and harmony with his Pakeha neighbours." It will be recollected that Potatau died before the commencement of the late war; and that his son and successor, Matutaera {i.e. Methuselah), who has now assumed the heathen name of Tawhiao, a man of no force of character, soon fell into the hands of a few ambitious chiefs and fanatical Native prophets, animated by bitter hostility against the Europeans, and setting the Queen's authority and laws at utter defiance. 10. Erom Ngaruawahia I proceeded to the new township of Hamilton, where I was received by another body of the European settlers, and by the Ngatihaua tribe, to which belonged the eminent chief Tarapipipi te Waharoa, better known in Parliamentary Papers and official records by his Christian name of William Thompson, and by his soubriquet of the " Maori Warwick," or the " King maker;" for he was the leading and controlling mind of what is termed the " Kingmovement." He died in 1867, and his clansmen, though mostly engaged against the Government during the war, have now returned to their villages, and are living on peaceful terms with the Europeans. His son, and the other chiefs of the tribe, came to welcome me at the Hamilton meeting; and it was interesting and gratifying to see the Military Settlers and the Ngatihauas, so lately arrayed in arms against each other, and in many cases showing the scars of wounds received in recent fights, intermingled in a friendly manner, and cordially uniting in? the demonstrations made in honor of the Governor as the representative of their common Sovereign. I annex copies of the address presented to me by the Ngatihaua chiefs, and of my speech at the close of the customary meeting. As at Ngaruawahia, so at Hamilton, I invited the leading settlers and. Native chiefs to dine with me. I may take this opportunity of mentioning that the principal Maori chiefs of the North, with their wives, attended the ball which I gave at Auckland in celebration of Her Majesty's birthday. 11. During my tour in the Waikato, to the more important incidents of which I have now referred, I visited the remains of the Maori pas and field-works, especially those at Meremere and Rangiriri, before which so many of our officers and soldiers fell. An English high road now traverses, and the posts and wires of the electric telegraph surmount the mouldering trenches and rifle-pits already overgrown with wild shrubs and fern. lam assured that the Colonial Government will take measures for the proper preservation of the graveyards at llangiriri and the other scenes of former contests, where many British soldiers rest near their Maori foemen. 12. I annex a map on which Major Ileaphy, V.C., has described the confiscated lands, where the military settlements have been planted, and also the territory of King Tawhiao and his immediate adherents, now enclosed by an aukati, or boundary, which no European is allowed to cross on pain (after due warning) of death. Your Grace will, of course, recognize in the Maori aukati a " pale," in. the sense familiar in Irish history —with this important difference, however, that in Ireland the " pale" was set up by the Colonists against the Natives, whereas, in New Zealand, it is set up by the Natives against the Colonists. It has been often observed that it is a lamentable fact that, after all the expenditure of blood and treasure which has taken place in this country, the Queen's writ can hardly be said to run in the purely Maori districts of New Zealand in the reign of Queen Victoria, any more than it ran in the Celtic Districts of Ireland in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and in the Celtic Districts of Scotland in the reign of Queen Anne. Indeed a close historical parallel has been frequently drawn between the social condition of the Maori Highlands at the present day, and that of the Scotch Highlands down to the middle of the

Enclosure No. 3. Enclosure No. 4. Mcc Auckland Provincial Gazette, June 2, 18G8.

Enclosure No. 5.

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eighteenth century, when a general reconstruction of society followed the suppression of the rebellion of 1745, and the subsequent breaking- up of the system of clanship, and abolition of tribal tenures, and of the hereditary authority of the chiefs. It is well known that the regular troops and the Colonial forces fought with the accustomed gallantry and success of English soldiers throughout the recent war, whenever they encountered the Maoris in the open field, and whenever they could bring them to close combat in the fortified pas; but that owing to the great difficulties presented by the mountains and forests of the interior of New Zealand, to the Maori system of fighting in tauas or war-parties dispersed over a wide extent of natural fastnesses, and to a variety of other causes, there has been no Culloden in New Zealand history. Like the Jacobite clans that adhered to the Stuart King before 1745, so the tribes that support the Maori King still stand aloof in sullen and hostile isolation. Again, the feuds which formerly raged in Scotland during several generations between the Campbells and the Macgregors, between the Mackintoshes and the Macdonalds, and many other Highland clans, find their counterpart in the feuds long raging in several parts of the North Island of New Zealand, as, for example, between the Ngapuhis and the liarawas, and between the Arawas and the Ureweras. 13. It would be easy, though tedious, to multiply proofs and illustrations of the close resemblance in many points of the Maoris of the present day to the Scotch Highlanders of a former age. I may, perhaps, be permitted to glance at three such points of resemblance, which recent events have brought under my notice : —■ (a) In March last, a herd of cattle belonging to Messrs. Buckland and Eirth of Auckland, was driven off by a party of Maori marauders, but was afterwards restored on the application of those gentlemen to Tamati Ngapora, the uncle and chief councillor of King Tawhiao. 1 annex copies of the letters which passed on this occasion, and which have been published in the Colonial journals. The details of this case, even in the most minute circumstances, would, if told at length, read exactly like that chapter of JVaverley, which relates how the cattle of the Baron of Bradwardine, when carried off by the Highland caleran, Donald Bean Lean, were restored through the influence of Eergus Mclvor, the chief of the clan. (h) Lord Macaulay and Sir Walter Scott have recorded, on the authority of official documents, how "a band of Macgregors, having cut off the head of an " enemy * * * carried the ghastly trophy in triumph to " their chief. The whole clan met under the roof of an ancient church. Every " one in turn laid his hand on the dead man's scalp, and vowed to defend the " slayers." It will be recollected that the fanatical Hauhaus carried about, in a similar manner during the late war, the head of Captain Lloyd, of the 57th [Regiment, and, as it is feared, of others of their European victims. fcj It is stated that the Highlanders under Montrose were so deeply imbued with the prevalent belief that the issue of a battle would be in favour of the side which first shed blood, that, on the morning of one of their victories, they murdered a defenceless herdsman, whom they found in the fields, merely to secure this omen in their favour. The Maoris hold the same superstition. When the Hauhaus attacked Napier, in 1866, they were defeated with severe loss. One of the wounded prisoners remarked to Mr. McLean, the Superintendent of the Province of Hawke's Bay, that the issue would have been different if the Maoris had followed the advice of their seers, and killed an English shepherd whom they found tending his flock on the morning before the fisrht. 14. It should not be forgotten, that if the Maoris of the present time resemble the ancient Highlanders in some of their savage customs, and dark passions and superstitions, they resemble them equally, not only in their patriarchal and tribal system of government, but also in personal courage, strength, and endurance ; in love of war and military exercises, and of martial dances and songs; in liveliness of fancy; in natural shrewdness of character; and, it may be fairly added, in courtesy, hospitality, and good humour, so long as no offence is given to their national pride or to their individual self esteem. 15. In discussing Maori affairs, the practical question always arises : —What

Enclosure No. 6. Sec Southern Cross of 2nd Mar, 18G8.

Mist, of England, chap. 18. Preface to the Legend of Montrose..

Sec note to the Lady of the Lake, canto iv.

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prospect is there of a renewal of hostilities by Tawhiao and his partisans ? The Maori King now resides chiefly at a place about eighty miles south of his former capital at Ngaruawahia; and a glance at the annexed map will show that he occupies a commanding position in the centre of the island, from which he could send forth war parties in several directions, to the attack of the English settlements. 16. Respecting the probable intentions of the King Natives (as they are termed) I find conflicting opinions to exist among those best qualified to judge; and with my very short experience in this country, it would be presumptuous in me to express, or even to form as yet, any positive opinion of my own on this important question. It is, however, my duty to report that friendly Natives have sent several warnings to the Government to the effect that the King tribes are inclined to begin afresh a desultory warfare, and are waiting only for a favourable opportunity, such as would be afforded by any relaxation of vigilance on the part of the detachments of armed constabulary which now protect the settlements in the interior, or by the immediate withdrawal of the single regiment of regular troops which now garrisons the principal towns. lam further informed that the Arawas, and other tribes that have fought gallantly, and suffered much, for the Crown, are disposed to regard the entire removal of the Queen's troops with alarm and dissatisfaction ; as a sign that they can expect henceforward little moral or physical support against their hostile countrymen; and that (in their own phrase) " the " Queen is riri i. c., angry) with the Pake-has;"—-in other words, that the Imperial authorities are displeased with the Colonists. It has been represented, in short, that the loyal clans in New Zealand at the present day would view the entire withdrawal of the Imperial troops with feelings similar to those with which the Hanoverian clans in Scotland, 150 years ago, while exposed to the vengeance of their Jacobite neighbours, would have regarded the removal of the English garrisons from Inverness, Port ■William, and Stirling. 17. The latest reliable intelligence tends to show that there exists among the disaffected tribes two parties; one, headed by Tawhiao and his family and kinsmen, disposed to moderate counsels ; the other, headed by the Hauhau prophet, Hakaraia, of a more "uncompromising spirit. If Tawhiao is the Maori Saul, Hakaraia is the Maori Samuel. It will be recollected that the " King maker," Te Waharoa (William Thompson), whose mind was deeply imbued with the history and phraseology of the Old Testament, publicly justified in a letter addressed to Governor Gore Browne, in 18(50, the election of a Maori King, by citing (among other scriptural texts) Deuteronomy xvn., 15 : —" One from among thy " brethren shalt thou set king over thee ; thou mayest not set a stranger over " thee, which is not thy brother; " and many of the leading politicians of New Zealand are convinced that the King movement, in its early stages, might have been made an instrument " for elevating the Native race, by the introduction of " institutions subordinate to and in harmony with the European Government of " the Colony." It has been suggested that a Native Province might have been created, to be ruled, like the territories of the semi-independent Rajahs in India, nominally by a great Maori chief, but really by the advice and influence of a British Resident or Commissioner. All, however, appear to be now agreed that the opportunity for any arrangement of this kind has been lost; and that Tawhiao and Hakaraia are surrounded by fierce and bloody fanatics, almost resembling their Malay forefathers when "running a muck," or Highland Prophets with the "second sight," urging a foray on the Sassenach. A distinguished Colonist, who is generally believed to be more intimately acquainted with the Natives of New Zealand than any other European, lately remarked to me that one of their seers may any morning allege that he beheld in a dream the Maoris hewing the Pakehas to pieces, and that the next day a war-party of Hauhaus may rush on the nearest British settlement to prove the truth of the vision. Much loss of life and property may be inflicted by such outbreaks among the scattered homesteads in the districts bordering on the territory of the hostile tribes; but the settlers in those parts will always, as on several former occasions, assemble speedily for their own protection; and they will be supported by all the strength of the Government.

Enclosure No. 5.

See Mr. Gorst's Maori King, chap. Tiii.

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18. On the whole, it appears to Toe very generally agreed that, since the authority of the Crown and of the law was not established throughout the interior of this country while there was an army of above ten thousand men in New Zealand, the attitude of the Colonial authorities towards Tawhiao and his adherents must, and ought to be, in the main, defensive ; that it is at once more politic and more humane to outlive the King movement than to endeavour to suppress it by the strong hand ; that the turbulent Natives should receive every encouragement to live peaceably; but that murderous onslaughts (such as that at Patea), whether on the Europeans or on the friendly Maoris, should be punished with the vigour necessary to prevent a recurrence of unprovoked aggressions. 19. There are many peaceful and civilizing influences at work even among the disaffected tribes. It is well known that the chiefs of clans in the Scotch Highlands, discovered, in a former generation, that it would be to their personal benefit to abolish the tribal tenure of the soil, and to convert their clansmen into tenant-farmers ; in a word, to transform themselves from patriarchal chieftains into feudal landlords. It is equally interesting and encouraging to find that many of the Maori chiefs, including several who were lately hostile to the Government, have begun to follow, unconsciously, this example. They have learned that they cannot effect their object without procuring legal titles for their lands, and placing them under the protection of the courts of law r. This policy has been already adopted in numerous instances; and the fanatical llauhaus, starving and shivering in sullen seclusion, on their hills and morasses, are beginning (it is said) to feel a salutary desire for the comforts and luxuries enjoyed by numbers of their countrymen, who have sold or leased a portion of their lands to the English settlers, and are now well fed, well clothed, and well lodged on the regular incomes thus acquired. In the single Province of Hawke's Bay, yearly rents exceeding in the aggregate twenty-six thousand pounds, paid by pastoral settlers, are divided annually among about two hundred Maori families, the owners of the soil. In a former Despatch, I mentioned that Taipari and other chiefs, derive a; considerable revenue from the fees paid by the miners on the Northern gold: fields ; and it may not be altogether impertinent to add that, in the neighbourhood of Auckland, one or two Maoris have already begun to preserve the game oni their land, and, like Highland Lairds, to let their shootings for the season to English Sportsmen. 20. I regret the length to which this Despatch has unavoidably extended, but I believe that I am carrying out the wishes of Her Majesty's Government by transmitting full and detailed information respecting the condition of the Maoris. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN. P.S.—Mr. Richmond, the Minister responsible for the control of Native Affairs, has read this Despatch, and all my other Despatches on similar subjects. G. 1\ B.

No. 29, April U, 1868.

Enclosure 1 in No. 49. (General Map of the Mihtaby Settlements in the Waikato.)

Enclosure 2 in No. 49. Speech of His Excellency Sir Gr. F. Bowjssst to the Maoris assembled at tlie Meeting at Ngaruawahia, 20th May, 1808. O mi friends, O chiefs and people of Waikato, my heart is rejoiced at the addresses which you have presented to me, and by the words which you have now spoken, full of loyalty to the Queen and of goodwill to myself as the representative of the Queen. I pray that Heaven may pour its choicest blessings on your homes. This is the word of the Queen : Her desire is, and always has been, that her Maori children should live in peace and harmony with her European children. Her prayer is that, with the blessing of Grod, the Maori and the Pakeha may henceforward become as one people, and pursue the same course. Look, O my friends, at the rivers Waipa and Horotiu beside us ; how, rising from different sources, and with waters of different colours, they meet hero at Ngaruawahia, the old Maori capital, and, mingling in one stream, the stream of the Waikato, flow together in peace onward to the sea. So may it be with the races of the Pakeha and the Maori. The Queen sent her son the Duke of Edinburgh to visit you, and to assure you of her love and protection. You all know the unhappy circumstances which have prevented the Queen's son from 20

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coming to this country on the present occasion. Ho has written to me and requested me to tell Pakeha and Maori alike that ho is deeply grieved and disappointed, that his heart is very dark, because he has been unable to visit this land. I have forwarded to the Queen and to the Prince the address of my friends Wiremu te Wheoro and of the other Maori chiefs and tribes ; and I know that those addresses will be received with royal sympathy and graciousness. I was much pleased with the beautiful arches of flowers and flowering trees which have been erected here in my honor. 1 pray that, with the blessing of God, peace and brotherhood among tho Maori tribes may flourish even like the everlasting green of your native forests. And now, 0 my friends, I hope that the industry which formerly existed in this district may be renewed. Only a few years ago, much wheat and other agricultural produce were grown here by the Maoris, and flour mills and other useful buildings were erected all around. Let this profitable industry be renewed once more. The Maoris should supply the Pakehas with the fruits of the earth, and the Pakehas in return should supply the Maoris with the clothing and the other articles which they require for their health and comfort. It has been asked by one of the speakers at the present meeting if the Treaty of Waitangi is still in force. That speaker truly said that the Treaty of Waitangi was made with the consent of the Ngapuhis, and of tho Waikatos, of Tainati Waka None, of Potatau te Wherowhero, and of all the principal tribes and chiefs of the Maori nation. The sovereignty of the Queen in New Zealand was founded on the willing love and loyalty of tho Maoris. And now, 0 my friends, hearken well to my words. The faith of the Queen will be preserved inviolate. The Queen will perform her part under the treaty, and she expects tho Maoris to perform their part. The Treaty of Waitangi is still in force. The only difference of late years is, that the disposal of their lands is now placed more entirely at the discretion of the Maori owners. By the treaty, the right of purchase was reserved to the Queen alone; but now the Maoris can sell and lease their lands to whomsoever they please. The right of property will be safe under the shadow of the Queen and of the law. Hearken to this word —The Treaty of Waitangi has not been broken; it has, on the contrary, been strengthened and extended. Again, it has been stated by several speakers that the Governor should always reside in Auckland. Now hearken to my words on this point also. There arc Maoris in the North, and there are Maoris in the South. I will live part of the year at Auckland, and visit the Maoris in the North; and part of tho year at Wellington, and visit the Maoris in the South. Let this be clear to you. One word now, and I will conclude : We have met this day near the tomb of Potatau to Whorowhero. The Queen's Government will cause this tomb to be repaired and preserved in honor of a famous chief of the old time, who never made war on the Queen, and who lived for many years in peace and harmony with Ids Pakeha neighbours. 0 Waikatos, I pray to God that, if there be still any hatred or ill will between the Pakehas and the Maoris, those bad feelings may be buried for ever in the tomb of Potatau te Wherowhero. I address these words to you, O Waikatos, but they apply to all the tribes of New Zealand; and my desire is that they may go forth throughout the length and breadth of this land.

Enclosure 3 in No. 49. Akdkess to His Excellency Sir Gr. P. Bowen, G.C.M.G., presented by the Ng-atihatta Tribe, at Hamilton, Waikato, on 21st May, 1868. Salutations to you, 0 Sir George Bowen, the Governor of this island. It is good for you to come to "Waikato to see your people of the two races, the Maori and the European. You have been sent by our Queen to be a protector for this island, for New Zealand, to cause good to go forth over this island so that it may prosper, and that men may return to the good customs which formerly existed ; that the wars between the Maoris and the Europeans may cease. Salutations to you, O Governor Sir George Bowen; may you be a barrier against the evils of this island; may you be strong to uphold good within this island, and to put down the evil of both the Maoris and the Europeans. The thoughts of the people are dark on account of the misfortune which happened to the son of the Queen, which prevented our seeing him ; as we greatly desired to have seen that young chief; but it cannot be helped, when evil has befallen him. We now pray to God, to carefully protect you, your wife and children, during the days of your residence among us in New Zealand ; and we ask that you may enjoy health, that you may be able to perform all lawful acts, so that good may obtain to all persons throughout the whole of this island.— All, Te Hakikiwi. Te Eaihi. Teni Pontti. Penetito. Te Hotebejte Tamihana.

Enclosure i- in No. 49. Speech of His Excellency Sir G. F. Bow.es" to the Maoris assembled at the Meeting at Hamilton, Waikato, 21st May, 1868. O MY FRIENDS, — I am very glad to see here assembled the people of Ngatihaua, and I thank you for coming so far to welcome me, and for your loyal speeches. I have heard and read much of your late chief Wiremu Tamihana, who was long foremost among Maoris in acts of peace. I have also heard that none

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■are more distinguished than your tribe for bravery in war. War has now ended, and I see with pleasure Maori and Pakeha meeting here in mutual trust and friendship. The energies which have been employed in strife may now again be directed to those arts which Wiremu Tamihana once loved ; and Pakeha and Maori may emulate each other in making this beautiful land more beautiful still, by ■covering it with gardens and orchards —with cornfields, pasture, and towns. This is the desire of the Queen, who has sent me to be her representative; this is my desire, and the desire of the Ministers, of the Legislature, and of all the Europeans in New Zealand. If my coining among you can in any way bind closer the friendship of the two races, it will be my greatest pleasure often to visit the places where they dwell together. I hope next year I may be able to see you in your own villages, and to stay longer among you. Meantime let your work be untiring to spread peace and goodwill—to bring back the stray sheep of the Maori race. My hand and the hand of my Government is stretched out to receive them. I had hoped that the coming of the Prince, the Queen's son, might have been the occasion of ending all bitterness and anger. His visit has been prevented by evil men, but it will rejoice the heart of the Queen to know how wide and how warm have been the indignation and sympathy excited by the crime against her son. He has requested me to say to both races how great is his sorrow that he could not visit New Zealand. As for what was said by one of the speakers respecting the river, hearken ye to my word. The river is, and always has been, the common highway of both races —of the Pakeha and of the Maori. All who go up and down upon the river on their lawful errands will be protected by the law. With regard to what was said respecting the land, listen again to my word. The Government gave due warning that those who rebel against the Queen and the law would be punished by the loss of their lands. But large reserves of land have been made in the Waikato, and also at Mangere near Auckland, and in many other districts, with the object of rewarding the loyal, and of providing homes and subsistence for all those who desire to return to the paths of peace and quietness. Let all such apply to the Government in the lawful manner, and full provision will be made for them. And now, oh my friends, in conclusion, I thank you for your good wishes for myself, for my wife, and for our children. Your loyal and friendly words will strengthen my hands to labour strenuously for law, peace, and union.

Enclosure 5 in No. 49. Map showing the Confiscated Lands in the Province of Auckland, also, the Territory of the Maori King now enclosed by an aukati.

No. 50. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. F. Bowes, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of .Buckingham:. (No. 52.) Government House, Wellington, My Loed Duke,— Ist July, 1868. 1. I have the honor to report that I left Auckland on the sth and reached Wellington on the 21st ultimo, after a very interesting voyage, during which I visited the principal ports, English settlements, and Native tribes, on the East Coast of the North Island of New Zealand, spending also several days at Napier, the capital of the Province of Hawke's Bay. Nothing could exceed the cordiality of my reception alike by the Europeans and by the Maoris on this as on my other official tours. Addresses full of expressions of loyalty to the Queen, and of welcome and goodwill to myself were everywhere presented by both races. 2. The harbour of Tauranga is the best between Auckland and Wellington; and the township on its shores is now the centre of one of the military settlements. It will be recollected that the regular troops and Naval Brigade suffered very severe loss at the assault, in 1864, of the pa erected by the Ngaiterangi tribe three miles from Tauranga, and generally known as the Gate Pa, from its commanding the entrance to the inland districts, at a point where the road passes along a narrow tract of firm ground between two extensive swamps. The Ngaiterangis were afterwards completely defeated at Te llanga, four miles further in the interior ; and they have since for the most part returned to their villages, and are living peaceably. Enoka te Whanake and the other principal chiefs who fought against the Crown during the war, had assembled to welcome me on my landing at Tauranga; and the English settlers, with excellent taste and good feeling, invited them to the public dinner, which they gave in my honor ; Captain Palmer, R.N., and the officers of 11.M.5. " Rosario " were also present. After the customary loyal and patriotic toasts, and the health of the Governor had been disposed of, the chairman, (one of the leading Military Settlers,) gave : " Our guests, the Maori "chiefs —lately our brave enemies in war, and now our friendly neighbours in peace."

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All the Europeans stood up, and applauded heartily; and when the cheering had subsided, the five Maoris rose in succession, and returned thanks, in the English fashion, with the natural fluency, humour, and eloquence of their race. A more cordial feeling could not have been exhibited by English and Russian officers meeting at the close of the Crimean Avar, than was exhibited at Tauranga by the Military Settlers and the Maoris, who four years ago had been arrayed in arms against each other. The many high qualities of the Maoris prevent Englishmen from regarding these "foemen worthy of their steel," with that mingled contempt and dislike with Avhich our countrymen unfortunately too often regard the dark-skinned races in other parts of the British Empire. 3. From Tauranga I proceeded to Maketu, where I was received by* a large assemblage of the Arawas, Avho fought gallantly for the CroAvn throughout the Avar, and who are now much harassed in consequence by the Hauhaus and by the wild tribe of the UreAveras, which holds the neighbouring mountains. After Avitnessing the customary Avar dance (which w ras admirably performed at Maketu), and listening to addresses from the principal Arawa chiefs, I replied in a speech of which the substance Avill be found in the annexed report. I explained that, owing to the near approach of the Session of the Colonial Parliament at Wellington, I was unable at that time to visit the hot lakes and springs (resembling the Geysers of Iceland) in tho country of the Arawras, but that I hoped to return next summer, and then to tra\"el thither over the road AA rhich they had made by their own labour, in expectation of the proposed visit of the Duke of Edinburgh. I added that I had acquainted the Imperial Government and His Royal Highness with this proof of the devotion of their tribe, and that I Avas confident that it Avould be graciously acknowledged. Like the Ngapuhis and other loyal tribes, the Arawas expressed, through their leading warriors, unbounded indignation at the attempt to assassinate the " Queen's Son," and entreated "to be led against the Fenians." 4. After this Maori horero (a ceremony corresponding somewhat to the durbars of British India) I visited the pa or fortified village of Maketu, and the ivhares or dwellings of the principal chiefs. I then inspected the school for their children which has been established by the Arawas, assisted by the Colonial Government, under the provisions of the " Act to regulate and provide subsidies for Maori schools." Though this school had been open for only seven months, and the teaching is entirely in English —the master being a former Corporal of the 12th Regiment,—l found the Maori children quite as proficient in reading, writing, arithmetic, and in the other branches of primary education, as English children of the same age, and under similar circumstances, would be. It was very gratifying to observe the intelligent interest evidently taken in the examination by the Managing Committee of fourteen Maoris, who were all present. No efforts will be w ranting on the part of the Colonial Government, to extend an efficient system of schools throughout the Native districts. 5. After leaving Maketu, I visited Opotiki, also in the Bay of Plenty, as if was named by Captain Cook. Opotiki was the scene of the cruel murder in 1865, of the Rev. C. S. Volkner (the resident Church of England Missionary), by tho fanatical Hauhaus, under the prophet Kereopa, who devoured a portion of the body of his victim. To punish this and other similar atrocities (including the murder of Mr. Fulloon and his crew), an expedition of Colonial Militia and friendly Natives was organized. This force was completely successful, routing the Hauhaus on every point, and seizing many of the ringleaders in the abovementioned barbarous outrages. These prisoners were afterwards tried before the Supreme Court of Ncav Zealand, and five of those condemned to death Avere executed ; while the sentences of the remainder were commuted to various terms of penal servitude. A portion of their land Avas confiscated; and the township of Opotiki, with the fertile plain surrounding it, was allotted to Military Settlers. Owing to the frequent incursions of the Hauhaus and Ureweras, it is still found necessary to maintain about eighty of these settlers on permanent pay, and to station them in two block-houses, commanding the entrance of the passes leading from the mountains into the plain. Attended by a small escort of Volunteer Cavalry I rode over the confiscated land, which, wdien law and order shall have

Enclosure No. 1

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been fully established, will probably support a flourishing settlement. I also held a korero with the small neighbouring tribes of the Ngaitai and Ngatiwhakatohea. G. On my voyage from Opotiki round the East Cape I landed on the curious volcanic cone, which rises in the centre of the Bay of Plenty. In the middle of the huge crater there is a lake of hot sulphureous water, and clouds of steam (whence the name of White Island) are constantly sent up from a number of boiling springs. There is no animal life whatsoever, and scarcely any vegetable life, on this lone and gloomy islet. 7. I visited next Turanganui, named Poverty Bay by Captain Cook, apparently because the hostility of the Natives prevented him from procuring supplies there. But a fertile plain extends behind the township, situated near the mouth of the river which here falls into the sea, and several enterprising settlers occupy farms upon it. The local volunteer troop of Cavalry quickly assembled, and escorted me ten miles inland to the ruins of the Mission Station, so long presided over by the Bishop of Waiapu (Dr. William Williams), but from which that prelate and his family were driven by the Hauhaus during the recent war. These fanatics were afterwards defeated and dispersed by a party of the Colonial Forces, but they succeeded in destroying the mission buildings, and in laying waste the once flourishing gardens and orchards. The Bishop of Waiapu now resides at Napier. The few Maoris living near Turanganui assembled to welcome me. They belong chiefly to a hecpu or section of the Ngatiporu tribe. 8. My next stage was Napier, the capital of the Province of llawke's Bay, where I received a hearty welcome from all classes of the community. I enclose ] copies of the address of the Provincial Council and of my reply, which will serve' as specimens of the numerous addresses recently presented to me and of my acknowledgments of them. During my residence at Napier I was the guest of the Superintendent, Mr. Donald McLean, and was entertained by the settlers at a public dinner. I annex reports of my speeches at the koreros held with the ] Ngatikahungunu tribe, the owners of a large territory in the south-eastern part of the North Island. As was mentioned in a former Despatch, a sum of £26,000 is ] annually paid as rent by the pastoral settlers to about 200 families of this tribe. * Tareha, Karaitiana, and the other principal chiefs are thus enabled to live in comfortable houses built in the English fashion, and to drive in English carriages about their well-cultivated farms. They have erected a Maori Club at Napier as their place of meeting when they visit that town. Instead of the national dances with which I was greeted elsewhere, I was received by the Ngatikahungunus with guards of honor, comprised of the Native militia, all well armed and well drilled in the English fashion, and commanded by chiefs wearing the uniform of English staff officers. It will be remembered that when the Hauhaus advanced in 1860 to the attack and plunder of Napier, they were routed in a sharp and decisive action by the Colonial forces combined with these loyal Native allies. 9. It had been my intention to ride overland from Napier to Wellington, a journey of five or six days, with the object of visiting several of the principal pastoral stations in the intervening country; but the flooded state of the rivers rendered it impossible to cany out this intention at present, and I was obliged to proceed by sea. 10. It will be seen that during the first five months of my administration I have visited all the principal European settlements and Native tribes in the North Island, with the exception of those at Taranaki and Wanganui, both of which places I hope to visit in the early part of next year. I shall of course remain at the Seat of the General Government at Wellington during the annual session, which I shall open on the 9th instant. At the close of the session I intend to proceed on an official tour to Nelson, Marlborough, Canterbury, Westland, Otago, and Southland, the principal districts of the South or Middle Island of New Zealand. I thus expect to make myself personally acquainted during the first twelve months of my administration with all the chief centres of population in this Colony. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN. 21

Enclosures Nos. 2 and 3.

Enclosure No. 4,

No. 49 of 30th June, 1868.

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Enclosure 1 in No. 50. The Speech of the Goveenoe to the Aeawas at the Meeting at Maketu, 6th June, 1868. Oh my friends, oh chiefs and people of the Arawas, this is the word of the Queen and of me the Governor and representative of the Queen : I thank you for your loyal speeches and for the hearty welcome which you have accorded to me to-day. Ever since I came to New Zealand I have longed to visit your tribe, and your wonderful country, so richly endowed by nature, and the fame of which has gone forth so far. I have heard and read much of your loyalty to the Queen, and of your friendship for your neighbours of European blood. Tour bravery in war is celebrated throughout Now Zealand, and my heart rejoices to learn that you are now determined to become equally celebrated in the arts of peace. It is well that the children of the Arawa should set an example to all the Maori tribes by their good works. I have heard that you are making provision for the education of your youth by founding schools. The Government will help you in the terms of the law ; and here let me say that I am glad to see so many children in your settlements, which blessing is mainly due to the temperance and sobriety of your lives. You recollect that the Holy Scriptures say, " Blessed is the man who has his quiver full of them." I hope to-day to visit your school at Maketu, and to visit your other settlements and schools next year —in the summer time, when I shall travel to see your beautiful lakes and hot-springs, over the road which your loyalty has induced you to make for the Queen's son, the Duke of Edinburgh. I have already written to the Queen and to the Prince to inform them of this proof of your hospitable devotion ; and I know that they will rejoice at it, and will write letters to thank you so soon as the tidings reach England. You know already the deplorable cause which prevented the Queen's son from visiting New Zealand. He has requested me to inform you that he deeply regrets (that his heart is very dark) that he has been prevented from visiting his Maori friends, and assuring them of the royal affection which the Queen his mother bears to them. The desire of the Queen is that her Maori children, and her Pakeha children, should be governed by the same laws and should become, as it were, one people. The Queen also hopes that all dissensions amongst the Maoris themselves may cease. Some of you have referred to these dissensions. Oh my friends, hearken to my words ; let not the land be a cause of strife among yourselves, but refer your difficulties to the Courts and to the Magistrates, who are equally friends to all parties, and have no interest but to do justice to all alike. I am gratified at the wishes which many of you have expressed in j^our speeches, that I should stay longer at Maketu. The Parliament or Bamanga is soon to meet at Wellington to deliberate alike for the welfare of the Maori and the Pakeha. I must visit Wellington for these deliberations, but as I have said already I hope to return in the summer. And now once more, oh my friends, I thank you for your welcome, and I pray that God, the giver of all good, may grant you happiness and prosperity.

Enclosures 2 and 3 in No. 50. Address to the Govehnok from the Pkoyincial Council of Hawke's Bat, with His Excellency's reply. To His Excellency Sir GrEOiiaE EEitar/soN Bowen, Knight Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George, Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over Her Majesty's Colony of New Zealand and its Dependencies, and Vice-Admiral of the same. Mat it Please Yoite Excellency,— "We, the Provincial Council of the Province of Hawke's Bay, bid your Excellency a hearty welcome to our Province on this your first visit to Hawke's Bay. We hope that your Excellency will be able on this occasion to visit some of the adjacent country, so that during your administration you may hereafter be enabled at future visits to mark the progress of the most recently colonized Province in this island. "We exceedingly regret that we cannot also now welcome Lady Bowen to Napier, but we hope that at a future time we may be afforded the opportunity of doing so. We trust that your Excellency's administration may be attended with the happiest results to both races of Her Majesty's subjects in the Colony, and assure your Excellency of our earnest desire to do our utmost to support your Government to that end. Reply. Me. Speakee and Gentlemen, — I thank the Provincial Council of Hawke's Bay for this address, and for the hearty welcome which you have accorded to me on my first visit to your Province. The support and sympathy which I receive from the public bodies, and from all classes of my fellow-countrymen in every part of New Zealand, are most gratifying to me personally, and are most satisfactory on public grounds, as fresh proofs of the loyalty of the entire population, and of their good will to the representative of their Sovereign. Napier, the name of your capital, recalls the memory of a great soldier ; and Hawke's Bay, the name of your Province, recalls the memory of a great seaman, the early friend and patron of the illustrious navigator, who first planted the British flag on these shores. 1 visited yesterday the exact spot at Turanganui where Captain Cook first landed in New Zealand ; and 1 thought that it would have rejoiced his heart, amid the distresses and anxieties of his voyages of discovery, if he could have foreseen that in the then savage region which he made known to his countrymen, within less than a century a flourishing Colony would arise, destined, in all human probability, to become the Great Britain of the Southern hemisphere. I hope to spend some days in visiting the interior of this noble Province, so rich in pastoral and

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agricultural resources. I regret exceedingly that Lady Bowen is unable to accompany me on the present occasion, and I thank you for your kind reference to her name. Einally, Mr. Speaker and gentlemen, I earnestly trust, with you, that, under the blessing of Providence, and through the wisdom of the colonial legislatures, the clouds which now partially obscure our horizon may be cleared away during the period of my administration, and that peace and prosperity may be firmly established for both races of Her Majesty's subjects in New Zealand.

Enclosure 4 in No. 50. The Speech of the GtOVERNOK to the Ngatikahungunu tribe, near Napier, 12th June, 18GS. (Extract from the Hawke's Bay Herald of June IG, 1868.) THE GOVEBNOR AND THE NATIVES. The following is His Excellency's reply to the speeches of loyalty and welcome delivered at Wai-o-hiki:— omy friends, —I thank you in the name of the Queen for your loyalty to Her Majesty, of which you have given so many proofs ; and I thank you for the hearty welcome which you have given to me as the representative of the Queen. 1 have often heard and read of your bravery in war, and my heart is glad to learn that you are now equally famous in the arts of peace. I rejoice to see so many signs of your industry and growing w realth, and of your friendship with your neighbours of European blood. It is, and always has been, the desire of the Queen, that her Maori children and her Pakeha children should be governed by equal laws, and should become, as it were, one people. The Queen sent her son the Duke of Edinburgh, to assure you of her love and protection. You all know the unfortunate circumstance which has prevented the Queen's son from visiting his Maori friends. He has requested me to inform you that he deeply regrets —that his heart is very dark —that he has been prevented from coming to New Zealand on the present occasion. I rejoice to hear from your speeches that you are desirous of peace, not only with the Pakehas, but also among the Maoris themselves. 1 rejoice also that your great chief Tareha has been elected a member of the runanga which will deliberate for the welfare of both races. He will inform the runanga of the wishes of the tribes which he represents ; so that any new law, or amendments of the existing laws, which may be required, may be carried out to the satisfaction of all. And now, in conclusion, 0 my friends, I thank you once more for your welcome, and pray that Heaven may pour its choicest blessing upon you. You are living on the East side of the Island, nearest to the rising of the sun. The sun shines on you this day; I hope that its rays will always bring you joy, peace, and plenty. In reply to the speeches at Pakowhai, His Excellency said: — omy friends, —I am delighted with what I have seen here to-day —with your houses, your carriages, and, generally, with your progress in the arts of civilization. It is evident that your'tribe and your European friends will soon become as one people. Let not your hearts be troubled. My eyes and the eyes of my Government are open. There will be no interruption of your peaceful industry. If there should be any apprehension of disturbance, the Pakehas and Maoris will act together, as they have done heretofore, against all disturbers of the peace.

No. 51. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Six G. F. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace tlie Duke of Buckingham. (No. 56.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke, — sth July, 1868. I have the honor to transmit herewith six copies of a paper presented to the Parliament of this Colony, and entitled "Abstracts of certain principal results of a Census of New Zealand, taken in December, 1867." 2. In the preface to the tables, the Registrar-General explains that they " exhibit certain principal results of the Census of the Colony taken for the night " of the 19th December last, being those which there is the most general desire " to have officially made known without the delay which must necessarily attend " a sufficiently careful compilation of other branches of the Census Statistics, " such as those relating to education, religious denominations, occupations, places " of birth, &c." 3. I may, perhaps, be permitted to draw attention to a few of the most remarkable points in these returns. It will be seen that:— fa) The European population of the Colony has risen from 59,413 in 1858, to 218,637 in 1867. (b) The total quantity of land fenced has risen from 235,561 acres in 1858, to 3,455,535 acres in 1867. (c) The total quantity of land under crop has risen from 141,007 acres in 1858, to 676,867 acres in 1867.

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fd) The aggregate numbers of live stock of all kinds (excepting poultry) have risen from 1,728,093 in 1858, to 8,924,489 in 1867. Taking sheep separately, the total number in the Colony has risen from 1,523,324 in 1858, to 8,418,579 in 1867. 4. It is believed that it will be found that similar progress has been achieved in this Colony, during the last nine years (from 1858 to 1867), in the other chief elements of material prosperity; such as the revenue, the imports and exports, and the shipping. 5. On the whole, when it is remembered that the last nine years were, for the most part, years of internal war and disturbance, it will be felt that the returns now transmitted give unmistakeable proof of the vastness of the resources of New Zealand. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. F. BOWEN.

No. 52. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. I\ Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 58.) Government House, Wellington, Mi Loud Duke,— 7th July, 1868. I have the honor to report that I lost no time in laying before my Responsible Advisers, your Grace's Despatch No. 34, of Ist April ultimo, communicating the settlement of the outstanding accounts between the Imperial and New Zealand Governments, arising out of the late war. 2. At the request of the Colonial Ministers, I now transmit a Memorandum, showing their views on this question ; and, at the same time, statements showing (1) the expenditure of New Zealand for the last seven years, on purely Native purposes; also (2) the expenditure during the financial year 1867-8, for Native purposes, Colonial defence, and the interest of the War Loan of three millions sterling. It will be seen that this annual expenditure (which cannot, as lam advised, be materially diminished, except as to the amount paid for Military Settlers,) amounts to an aggregate of £363,879 lls. 3d.; that is, to nearly thirty shillings per head of the existing European population of about 218,000. It will be further seen that for Native purposes only, that is, for schools, hospitals, medical attendance, Native Magistrates, and other objects for the special benefit of the Maoris, this Colony has appropriated, during the financial year, a sum of £34,544 ss. lOd., that is at the rate of nearly £1 sterling per head of the existing Maori population of about 38,000. 3. It is believed that the contributions of New Zealand alone for Native purposes, and for Colonial Defence, including the interest of the war debt, exceed the aggregate contributions for similar purposes of all the Australian Colonies. To support this burden, and the ordinary and necessary expenditure of the Government, the taxation of New Zealand averages above £6 per head of the existing population. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. P. BOWEN.

Enclosure in No. 52. Memorandum by Mr. Stafford. Wellington, 4th July, 18G8. The Despatch No. 34, of the Ist April last, from Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for theColonies, communicates the settlement of the accounts between the Imperial and New Zealand Governments, arising out of the late war, on the basis of a reciprocal abandonment both of claims and counterclaims. As a final conclusion of a prolonged and irritating controversy on matters of account between the Imperial Government and a portion of the Empire, this settlement must, on political grounds, be regarded with satisfaction; and in the peculiar circumstances of IJew Zealand, the decisive settlement,, even at a pecuniary loss to it, of these long outstanding claims was much to be desired. But in acquiescing for these reasons in the arrangement above referred to, the New Zealand Government submit that it must be recognized that the Colony has thereby made a considerable sacrifice ; and it is a matter

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of regret that the promised scrutiny has not been made into the Colonial counter-claims, which are believed to be founded on justice, and which show a credit to the Colony of £147,235, after deducting from the Imperial claims preferred by Mr. Commissary-Greneral Jones, certain charges,' —such (amongst others) as the capitation charge —which His Grace the Duke of Buckingham does not consider justifiable. It is confidently felt that the result of the scrutiny would —not only on broad constitutional grounds of policy, but even if more narrowly tested, as a mere question of financial accounts, have placed a considerable sum to the credit of the Colony. But there are claims, other than pecuniary, which this Colony has on the British Empire; not those arising out of natural relationship, but claims which the Colony has eminently earned by its action during the late war; and it is gratifying to perceive that His Grace appreciates the national patriotism and unselfish character of that action; inasmuch as the Colony, under the pressure of war and of " a heavy debt, to a great extent caused by the same circumstances which had led to the Impe- " rial expenditure in the Colony," undertook " the entire duty of future internal self defence, thus " relieving the Imperial Government from the former responsibility, and the Imperial Treasury from the " expenses incident to the maintenance of a largo military force in New Zealand." To these claims His Grace might have added that the Colony also took upon itself the cost and responsibility of the fulfilment of those solemn obligations which the Crown of Great Britain had contracted in respect of the Maori race when the promise was made that, in consideration of the cession of the sovereignty of these Islands, " Her Majesty the Queen of England extends to the Natives " of New Zealand her royal protection, and imparts to them all the rights and privileges of British " subjects." And in undertaking these obligations the Colony has not been content with mere idle professions, but, notwithstanding the continued pressure of the heavy war expenditure, has expended, and is expending, very large sums for promoting the civilization and education of the Native race amounting (as shown by the annexed statement) to not less than £296,035 Bs. 10d., during the last seven years. Eor His Excellency the Governor. E. W. Staitoed.

Sub-Enclosure 1 in Enclosure No. 52. Expenditure on Native Purposes. 1860-1:— £ s. d. £ s. d. Civil List, including amounts unexpended in former years ... 7,909 3 4 Native Schools ... ... ... ... ... 6,254 15 7 Appropriations ... ... ... ... ... 2,934 19 10 17,098 18 9 1861-2 :— Civil List, as above ... ... ... ... 10,259 7 1 Native Schools ... ... ... ... ... 5,461 16 6 Appropriations ... ... ... ... ... 9,001 16 9 ■ 24,723 0 4> 1862-3 :— Civil List, as above ... ... ... ... 7,903 4 6 Native Schools ... ... ... ... ... 8,447 15 8 Appropriations ... ... ... ... ... 40,670 12 11 • 57,021 13 1 1863-4 :— Civil List, as above ... ... ... ... 7,327 19 1 Native Schools ... ... ... ... ... 4,525 13 9 Appropriations ... ... ... ... ... 41,105 10 4 ■ 52,959 3 2 1864-5 : — Civil List ... ... ... ... ... 7,000 0 0 Native Schools ... ... ... ... ... 2,508 5 0 Appropriations ... ... ... ... ... 51,044 2 0 60,552 7 O 1865-6 :— Civil List ... ... ... ... ... 7,000 0 0 . Native Schools ... ... ... ... ... 912 7 11 Appropriations ... ... ... ... ... 41,635 11 1 49,547 19 O 1866-7 :— Civil List ... ... ... ... ... 228 9 10 Native Schools ... ... ... ... ... 438 2 8 Appropriations ... ... ... ... ... 33,465 15 0 34,132 7 6 £296,035 8 10 J. WOODWABD, Treasury, 6th July, 1868. Assistant-Treasurer. 22

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Sub-Enclosure 2 in Enclosure No. 52. Memoeanduii showing the Expenditure of New Zealand during the Financial Year 1867-8 for Native Purposes, Colonial Defence, and the Interest of the War Debt. Votes for Native Purposes: — £ s. d. £ s. d. Civil List ... ... ... ... 7,000 0 0 Appropriations ... ... ... ... 23,544 510 Native Schools ... ... ... ... 4,000 0 0 34,544 5 10 Vote for Armed Constabulary* ... ... ... ... 53,941 16 O Votes for Military Settlers, Militia, Volunteers, &c, Liabilities for ditto ... 71,319 12 7 Votes for Defence Department and Military Pensions ... ... 4,608 6 8 Interest and Sinking Fund on "War Loan of £3,000,000 ... ... 199,465 10 2 Total ... ... ... £363,879 11 3 j. woodwabd, Wellington, 4tli July, IS6B. Assistant-Treasurer.

No. 53. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 61.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke,— 17th July, 1868. 1. I have the honor to transmit herewith a copy of the Speech (framed according to Constitutional custom by my Responsible Advisers), with which I opened, on the 9th instant, the annual Session of the New Zealand Legislature. 2. I annex copies of the Addresses in reply presented to me by the two Houses of the Colonial Parliament. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. E. BOWEN.

No. 54. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His ' Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 67.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 25th July, 1868. I have the honor to report that the Honourable Thomas Houghton Bartley, for several years Speaker of the Legislative Council of New Zealand, and universally respected in that capacity, has resigned his office, retiring with the pension provided for him by a recent Act of the Colonial Parliament. 2. IJnder the provisions of the Constitution Act, and at the instance of my Responsible Advisers, I have appointed Major the Honourable John Larkins Cheese Richardson to be Speaker in the place of Mr. Bartley. 3. After retiring from the army, Major Richardson settled in Otago, and was for some time Superintendent of that Province. He afterwards became a Member of the Executive and Legislative Councils and of the Colonial Ministry. His .appointment to his present office crowns a long and distinguished career in the Military and Civil Service of his country. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. E. BOWEN.

No. 55. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, G.C.M.G, to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 73.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke,— 31st July, 1868. At the request of my Responsible Advisers, I have the honor to transmit herewith a Ministerial Memorandum, covering a recent Resolution of the House of * This is not a police but a military force, employed in protecting the Settlers and Loyal Natives, and dispersed in detachments in the disturbed districts.

ZEALAND TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

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[Representatives of New Zealand, to the effect that a Petition should be addressed to the Queen, "praying that Her Majesty will be pleased to make New Zealand " the sanatorium of the invalided Troops of the British Army." 2. The salubrity of the climate of this Colony is so well known that I need not make any addition to the observations submitted, in the enclosed Memorandum, except to recommend it to favourable consideration in case the Imperial Government should contemplate the establishment of a Military sanatorium in this quarter of the globe. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. P. BOW TEN.

Enclosure in No. 55. Memoeandum. Wellington, 28th July, 18G8. The House of Representatives have passed a Resolution, a copy of which is enclosed, praying that Her Majesty may bo pleased to make Now Zealand the sanatorium for the invalided Troops of the British Army. His Excellency is respectfully requested to transmit this Resolution to Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies. The natural advantages which Now Zealand possesses, in its climate and in other respects, for the restoration of health, are well known, and have been testified to in Medical Reports, and by many officers in Her Majesty's Army; while its position, equidistant between Her Majesty's East and West Indian Possessions, and equally accessible therefrom by lines of monthly steamers, affords unequalled facilities for tlio resort to it of invalided soldiers from either side of the globe, and for their return aftei' recovery. i'or His Excellency the Governor. E. W. Stafford.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure in No. 55. Extbact from the Journals of the House of Representatives, Wednesday, 22nd July, 1868. Resolved, —"That a Memorial be forwarded to Her Most Gracious Majesty, praying that Her " Majesty will be pleased to make New Zealand the sanatorium of the invalided Troops of the British " Army."

No. 56. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. P. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 76.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke, — 3rd August, 1868. In continuation of previous Despatches on the same subject, I have noAV the honor to transmit Addresses to the Queen, unanimously voted by both Houses of the New Zealand Parliament immediately after their meeting for the annual Session, to convey to Her Majesty the expression of their sorrow and indignation at the attempt made at Sydney to assassinate His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh. 2. At the same time, I have the honor to forward further Addresses to the same effect from several public bodies, especially from certain Provincial Councils, which have only recently assembled for their periodical meetings. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. P. BOWEN.

P.S.—I annex a Schedule of the Enclosures to this Despatch : — Addresses. (1.) From the Legislative Council of New Zealand. (2.) Prom the House of Representatives. (3.) From the Provincial Council of Otago. (4.) Prom the Provincial Council of Hawke's Bay. (5.) Prom the Provincial Council of Wellington. (6.) Prom the Loyal Orangemen of Canterbury. (7.) A Book of Poems, from the E-ev. John Duffus, M.A., of Mangonui, Auckland.

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I have also transmitted by this mail to the Duke of Edinburgh several further Addresses to His Royal Highness from some of the above, and from other public bodies in this Colony. G. P. B.

No. 57. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. P. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 77.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke, — 6th August, 1868. I have the honor to transmit herewith the account published in the local journals of the first meeting, on the evening of the 4th instant, of the New Zealand Institute, when, at the request of the Board of Governors, I delivered the Inaugural Address, of which I now forward copies. 2. Although an animated debate on an important party question (the general policy of the present Ministry) was proceeding in the House of Representatives, both Houses of Parliament adjourned for the purpose of hearing my Address; and in my prefatory remarks I expressed my sense of the personal honor thus paid to me, as well as my admiration of so signal a triumph of science over politics. 3. Your Grace will doubtless have observed with pleasure that the long pressure of internal war and of financial difficulties did not prevent the New Zealand Parliament from passing, during the Session of 1867, an Act (31 Victoria, No. 36) for the foundation and endowment of an Institute, with a Public Museum and Laboratory, and a Public Library attached to it. The various practical objects of this Institution and of its affiliated Societies are explained in my Inaugural Address. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. P. BOWEN.

No. 58. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. P. Bowen, G.C.M.G., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 84.) Government House, Wellington, My Lord Duke,— 28th August, 1868. I have the honor to state that my Responsible Advisers have communicated to Sir George Grey, in the usual manner, copies of your Grace's Despatches in reply to Despatches written by him; and that lam now requested by the Colonial Secretary (Mr. Stafford) to transmit the enclosed letter addressed to your Grace by Sir G. Grey. I have, &c, G. P. BOWEN. His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos.

Enclosure in No. 58. Sir G-eoege Geet, X.C.8., to the Hon. the Colonial Seceetaey. Sic,— Kawau, 28th July, 1868. I have the honor to request that you will be good enough to move His Excellency th© Governor to transmit the enclosed letter to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. The Hon. the Colonial Secretary, I have, &c, Wellington. G. Geet.

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure in No. 58. Sir G. Geey, X.C.8., to the Seceetaey of State for the Colonies. Mt Loed Duke,— Kawau, 28th July, 18G8. I had the honor yesterday of perusing your Despatch No. 22, of the 28th February last, to Sir George Bowen, in reply to my Despatch No. 131, of the 23rd November last. In that Despatch, 1 brought under notice that Lord Carnarvon had received, in breach of the Queen's Regulations, a letter written by a subordinate officer in this country, His Lordship being at the time aware that no copy of that letter had been communicated to the Governor.

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To this your Grace has been pleased to reply that it appears scarcely necessary to observe that the Colonial Regulations contain no clause prohibiting Commissariat officers from corresponding freely with the Secretary of the Treasury, or requiring those officers to show their correspondence to the Governor. I beg to observe that your Grace has, I believe, been misled by the information which led you to give this reply to my Despatch, for it has no real relation to the question which I raised ; and I am unwilling that any mistake should continue to exist which should lead you to persist in a course I cannot but believe to be contrary to your Grace's feelings and intentions. Even supposing that the view of the Regulations stated by your Grace was correct, it would not show that it was just to the Governor, to Her Majesty's other civil servants in the Colony, or to the people of New Zealand, to publish such a letter with the authority of the Secretary of State, and to use it to prejudice in the Imperial Legislature the same persons who had no means of defending themselves against accusations thus secretly made. But your Grace will, upon inquiry, find that the letter to which I referred was indeed a letter from the Deputy Commissary-General to the Secretary of the Treasury, dated the Bth November, 1866, but that on the same day a copy of it was forwarded to the Major-General commanding the Troops in New Zealand, for the information of the Secretary of State for War. The calumnies against the Governor, his Ministers, and the Colony were thus not only communicated to the Secretary of the Treasury, but were circulated among the Military Authorities, and were known to a number of persons. The letter I referred to thus not only fell within the terms of the ordinary Regulations, but was one of that class of letters which Her Majesty's Government had specially directed should, as an act of justice to the Governor and his Ministers, be communicated to him before it was transmitted to the Home Authorities. I have thus noticed the particular case referred to in the Despatches ; but I feel sure that your Grace, if you knew the whole truth, would take care that a stop was instantly put to the general system which appears to be in existence of Commissariat officers sending secretly letters such as that I have alluded to to the Secretary to the Treasury. 1 see from a Memorandum from the Minister of Colonial Defence, that the defamatory letter of the Deputy Commissary-General complained of was sent to the Secretary to the Treasury on the Bth of November, a few days after he had been refused a grant of land by the Colonial Government, which was not applied for through the Governor, as the Begulations required, and which was moreover, as I have reason to believe from what I have recently heard, made in so objectionable a manner that I trust, in justice to the public interests, the whole matter has been brought under your Grace's notice, that you may be able to prevent the possibility of the renirrence for the future of proceedings which must inevitably tend to create estrangement between the Home Government and the Colonial Authorities. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. Geet.

No. 59. Copy of a DESPATCH from Governor Sir G. E. Bowen, GkC.M.G-., to His Grace the Duke of Buckingham. (No. 93.) Government House, Wellington, My Loud Duke, — Bth September, 1868. 1. With reference to my Despatch No. 84, of the 28th August ultimo, I am now requested by my Responsible Advisers to transmit to your Grace a further letter, which has been forwarded to the Colonial Secretary for that purpose by Sir George Grey. 2. I beg leave to take this opportunity of reporting that Sir George Grey will leave Wellington for England by the Panama Mail Steamer on the afternoon of this day. He has already received numerous Addresses and other demonstrations of respect and esteem, on the expiration of his term of office. Before his embarkation to-day, he will be entertained at a public luncheon, at which Sir David Monro, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, will preside. I have been invited to be present on this occasion; and I shall feel much satisfaction in evincing my sense of the personal courtesy and consideration which I have received since my arrival in New Zealand from my able and accomplished predecessor, whose name will be inseparably connected with the history of this Colony. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. E. BOWEN. P.S. —The demonstration in honor of Sir George Grey on his departure from New Zealand was very successful.

Enclosure in No. 59. Sir Gteoege Geey, X.C.8., to the Secbetaey of State for the Colonies. My Lord Dttke, — 'Wellington, 3rd September, 1868. I have the honor to state that I have only recently seen, for the first time, the Eev. Mr. Weare's letters of the 19th of March, the 20th of August, and the 17th of October, 1866, to the 23

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Eight Honourable E. Cardwell, M.P., those letters having been now printed in Papers presented to both Houses of Parliament by Her Majesty's command. It appears that the letters I allude to are on record amongst the archives of the Colonial Department in London, and that, deeply as myself and those who were lately my Responsible Advisers are interested in their contents, they were never communicated to me. Indeed, from the communications made to me, I believed that what now appears, from Mr. Weare's first letter, to have been facts undoubtedly personally known by Colonel Weare, were only vague statements and allegations resting upon camp rumours. I find that Colonel Weare states positively, in a letter recorded in the Colonial Department, but never communicated to this Government, that the Mai or-General himself told Colonel Weare " that the Colonial Government did not want the expense of prisoners ;" that in consequence of this desire on our part, the General ordered that no prisoners should be taken ; that such brutal cruelties were in consequence committed that young officers were ready to cry, and that the finest and most gallant officers were digusted at being lowered into Colonial butchers. These facts are detailed in the printed extracts from Colonel Weare's letter, and rest on his own personal knowledge. His brother, the Rev. Mr. Weare, asks for a personal interview with the Secretary of State, at which he states he can furnish evidence to show that the orders given had ended in deliberate murders. What this evidence was does not appear ; this, however, is shown, that Mr. Weare, in his subsequent letters, admits that ho was not in possession of such evidence, nor does he ever retract or qualify a single statement he has made. On the contrary, he re-affirms that atrocities had been committed in New Zealand, but asks to be allowed to withdraw his letters because he had not his brother's suggestion, privity, or authority for having communicated them to the Government. It thus stands on record in your Grace's department, on the direct authority of an officer of rank, that it is within his personal knowledge that the Major-General commanding the Troops in New Zealand gave up myself and my Responsible Advisers as being the real authors of the atrocities which are stated to have been committed, and that from the low motive of not wanting the exj^ense of prisoners. This statement is quite contrary to that made by the Major-General in his letter to the Under Secretary of State for War of the 9th of June, 1866 ; and between himself and Colonel Weare must rest the explanation of their contradiction of each other on so important a point. But what I would submit to your Grace is, that what has now come out affords a complete justification for my Minute in the Executive Council of the 23rd of May, 1866, and for my Despatch of the 30th of June, 1866, as also for my respectfully declining to recall that Minute and Despatch when required to do so under what I regarded, I believe rightly, as a threat of removal from my Government if I did not comply with the demand made. In fact the whole matter has been misunderstood in the Colonial Department. Tour Grace will, I feel sure, see this if you will look at the papers. You will find that Lord Carnarvon in writing to me on this case on the Ist of November, 1806, and requiring me to withdraw what I had written regarding it, says : — " In the next place it is no doubt the practice of the Colonial Service to discourage the transmission of representations from a Colony otherwise than through the Governor, by sending back such representations to those who make them. In the value of that rule, both to the Secretary of State in England and to British authorities acting in distant parts of the world, I entirely concur ; but it would be merely vexatious to apply such a rule to communications received from persons in this country. In such cases the practice is, as reason requires, to send the communication at once to the Governor for his explanation or report, and to take no decision (except in matters of exceptional urgency) till that report is received. This practice was accurately adhered to by my predecessor in the case of Mr. Weare's complaints." Your Grace will see from what has preceded, that, at the very time this was written to me, the letter from Mr. Weare, which had caused me to write that for which I was censured, was on record in the Colonial Department, and had never been sent to me, nor had a copy of Colonel Weare's statements been enclosed to me. I was left in ignorance of much it was essential for me to know, that I might have properly defended my Government; and I had no idea that it was on record in the Colonial Department that Mr. Weare was able to furnish evidence to show that deliberate murders had been committed, for which myself and the Colonial Ministers appeared to have been directly responsible. Had I known that which I now do, and which I was certainly entitled to know at once, I should have taken steps in this matter wholly different to those which I actually adopted. I have, &c, His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. G. Geet.