Locomotive torpedoes are submarine weapons which possess within themselves the power of locomotion. Of these I will specially notice the Whitehead torpedo, the Lay torpedo, and the Brennan torpedo. The Whitehead or “fish” torpedo is an uncontrollable weapon, i.e., after it is projected from the bow or side of a vessel it cannot be controlled or directed by the will of an operator. It is made of various sizes, ranging from 14ft. long and 14in. maximum diameter, to 19ft. long by 16in. maximum diameter. The larger size carries a charge of 80lb. of gun-cotton at its bow. Its motive-power is compressed air, which, by means of small engines, drives two screw propellers. It is capable of being adjusted, by means of certain mechanical apparatus, to a certain depth, and when launched will go at a rate of about twenty-five knots an hour or more for several hundred yards. Whitehead torpedo. Properly to use the Whitehead torpedo, however, an expert's knowledge of the weapon and special training is required. In words used by Admiral Boys, once Naval Director of Ordnance, to make it a success you must “love it.” It has only been tried as yet—so far as I am aware—on three occasions in actual warfare, but on one of these it was perfectly successful. This was in 1878, when a Russian steamer fired a Whitehead torpedo against a Turkish vessel off Batoum and destroyed her. I may mention that the Governments of Austria and Great Britain each gave Mr. Whitehead something like £20,000 for the use of his torpedo, and that nearly all the other European Governments have since purchased the secret. The Turks, however, picked up two of these torpedoes, which they found on the shore after having been unsuccessfully fired at their ships, and so obtained the use of the weapon without paying for it. The Lay torpedo and the Brennan torpedo are shaped something like the Whitehead; and, like that weapon, are provided with charges at the bow end, which explode on contact. Unlike the Whitehead, however, they are not intended to be discharged as missiles, but are controllable whilst in motion. Lay torpedo. The Lay torpedo, an American invention, about 25ft. long, with a maximum diameter of 24in., is a sort of torpedo-boat propelled by screws worked by machinery, the motor of which is carbonic-acid gas. It is controlled by an operator on shore or ship by an electric cable attached to it, and has an apparatus within it by means of which a rudder at the stern can be moved to port or starboard as desired. Upon it are two guide rods by which it is directed, and which can be raised or lowered at will. Each of these is pro-