Papers Past | Parliamentary Papers | Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives | 1936 Session I | REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR...

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1936. NEW ZEALAND.

REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1935. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1935.]

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

CONTENTS.

Section. Title of Section. Page Title of Section. page 1. Introductory and General .. .. 2 20. Intermediate Schools and Departments .. 25 2. Types of School .. .. .. ..4 21. Post-primary Education .. .. ..25 3. Cost of Education .. .. .. 4 22. Evening Technical Classes and Part-time Day 4. School Buildings and Sites .. .. 5 Classes .. .. .. .. 25 5. Number of Schools .. .. .. 6 23. Native schools .. .. .. 26 6. Enrolment at Educational Institutions .. 7 24. Registered Private Primary Schools .. 26 7. Regularity of Attendance .. .. ..11 25. Private Secondary Schools (Registered) .. 27 8. Staffs of Schools .. .. .. ..11 26. Correspondence School .. .. ..27 9. Number of Pupils and Adult Teachers in the 27. Kindergarten Schools .. .. 27 Public Primary Schools of the different Educa- 28. Consolidation of Schools .. .. -.28 tion Districts .. .. .. 12 29. Conveyance of Pupils .. .. 28 10. Size of Classes .. .. .. .. 13 30. Manual Instruction .. .. .. 29 11. Classification of Teachers .. .. ..14 31. Physical Education .. .. ..29 12. Salaries of Teachers .. .. .. 16 32. School Music .. .. .. .. 29 13. Pupils leaving Public Primary Schools .. 18 33. Training of Teachers .. .. ..29 14. Pupils commencing Post - primary Course in 34. Higher (University) Education .. 30 State Schools .. .. .. 18 35. Annual Examinations .. .. 31 15. Destination of Pupils .. .. .. 19 36. Child Welfare .. .. .. .. 32 16. Vocational Guidance and Placement .. 22 37. Teachers' Superannuation Fund .. 33 17. Length of Post-primary Course .. 23 Appendix — Statement of Expenditure and Re--18. Free Places in Post-primary Schools .. 24 coveries, &o. .. . . .. . . 35 19. Special Classes for Backward Children .. 24

Office of the Department of Education, Your Excellency,— Wellington, 22nd August, 1936. I have the honour, in accordance with the provisions of the Education Act, 1914, to submit to Your Excellency the following report upon the progress and condition of public education in New Zealand during the year ended the 31st December, 1935. I have, &c, His Excellency the Governor-General of the P, Fraser, Dominion of New Zealand,

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REPORT.

I. INTRODUCTORY AND GENERAL. Following on the change of Government I assumed control of the Department of Education on the 6th December, 1935. It will be apparent, therefore, that the major portion of the work for the year under review was carried out under the direction of my predecessor, to whom I wish to pay a tribute for his services to education. In all branches of the Education service of the Dominion the teachers rank high in respect of training and academic status, and it is with pleasure I am able to record that the pupils are receiving their education from highly qualified teachers whose loyalty and devotion to duty during the last four years, under conditions rendered particularly trying by enforced economies, are worthy of all praise. During the year 1935 the scheme of rationing work for teachers was continued, but owing to the gradual absorption into permanent positions of the teachers employed under the scheme it was found possible to increase the allowances paid to £104 10s. per annum as from the Ist August, and then by 7| per cent., in common with the increase in the salaries of public servants, pursuant to the provisions of the Finance Act, 1935, making the rate £112 7s. per annum. Some of the rationed teachers were employed as relieving teachers at the rate of £142 9s. per annum, with a boarding-allowance of £36 per annum where necessary. While the necessity for the rationing scheme is to be deplored, it was at least some contribution towards the solution of a difficult problem arising out of the drastic economies that had been imposed on the Education service. In other directions, also, some amelioration of the conditions due to these economies was found possible. Towards the end of the year a partial restoration of the grants formerly made towards the support of free kindergartens was authorized. A grant on a basis somewhat lower than that formerly enjoyed was made for the maintenance of school and class libraries. The supply of handwork material to primary schools was resumed during the year, about half the usual amounts being distributed. Extension of manualtraining services in connection with primary schools, which had been nearly stationary for some years, was encouraged, especially by the provision of transport to enable children in small schools to attend manual-training centres. Eeports indicate that the standard and efficiency of instruction and the standard of attainment of the pupils in the primary and post-primary schools has been well maintained during the period under review. The recently instituted School Certificate Examination was held for a second time in conjunction with the University Entrance Examination. A slight increase was recorded in the number of candidates, and there is reason to believe that the certificate will become firmly established in public estimation. The intermediate schools and intermediate departments have done excellent work during the year. A marked feature of these schools and departments is the enthusiastic support which they receive from the parents of the pupils in attendance. No new intermediate schools were established during the year and no large consolidations of schools were attempted, but several schemes were investigated and much consideration was given to problems of conveyance, which are peculiarly difficult in a country so mountainous and so sparsely populated as the Dominion. It is hoped, nevertheless, to make substantial progress towards giving country children educational facilities equal to those enjoyed by the town child. In this connection the Correspondence School deserves special mention. Judged by the increasing roll, by the interest shown in its activities by the parents, and by the examination results of its pupils it is continuing to function with commendable efficiency.

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In the Native schools steady progress- has been maintained, and the teachers have shown keen interest in the introduction of a revised syllabus. Approval was accordingly given and organization arranged for refresher courses for Native-school teachers at the beginning of February, 1936. The Child Welfare Branch of the Department continues to perform its duties with care and efficiency. With the aid of a large number of honorary Child Welfare Officers, the Branch keeps in close touch with local conditions and maintains a keen interest in its young charges, whether they are cared for in institutions, private homes, or in the Department's own homes and schools. Several Acts, including the Education Law Amendment Act, 1934-35, passed during the year, and amendments to the Department's regulations, affected the Education service, but only in a minor degree. Twenty teachers were selected under the regulations relating to exchange of New Zealand teachers with members of the teaching profession from other parts of the British Empire. These went to England, Canada, and Australia, and should derive benefit from their experience in the schools in those countries. During the coming year it is hoped to extend the scheme to include the United States of America and Honolulu. During my predecessor's term of office arrangements were made to enable the Director of Education, Mr. N. T. Lambourne, M.A., to proceed overseas for the purpose of studying educational methods and administration in Europe and America. On assuming control of the portfolio of Education I found that the most pressing educational question before the Government was that of the readmission of children of five years of age to the public schools. The decision to admit these children involved reconsideration of the supply of teachers, and the rapid absorption during the year of teachers who had been employed as supernumeraries under the rationing scheme made it evident that a shortage would be experienced towards the end of 1936, due partly to the normal losses from the service and partly to the readmission of children of five years of age. It was decided accordingly to increase the admissions of first-year students to training college in 1936 to eight hundred, j The numbers in training in 1935, slightly over four hundred, were easily accommodated in the Auckland and Christchurch Training Colleges, which were reopened at the beginning of the year. In view of the greatly increased numbers to be accommodated in 1936, it was deemed advisable to authorize the reopening of the Wellington and Dunedin Training Colleges. The allowance to training-college students, which was greatly reduced during the years of the depression, will come up for review early next year. It is hoped that it will be found possible to provide for an increase. It will be the aim of the Government to restore as soon as possible the educational facilities that were curtailed during the past few years. The Government will address itself to the improvement and ultimately the reorganization of the education system. The survey made in 1930 by the Parliamentary Recess Education Committee will be brought up to date and a plan of reorganization adopted within a reasonable period. In the development of the system provision will be made for a liberal and suitable education for all the young people of the Dominion, and every endeavour will be made to give the country children the same educational advantages as are enjoyed by those who reside in the cities. The consolidation of the Education Acts and the regulations is long overdue, and this matter also will come up for review as soon as possible. The need for better school-buildings is realized, and an effort will be made to overtake the work that must be carried out in the matter of new schools and the maintenance of existing ones. Another question that will receive attention as soon as opportunity offers is the improvement of our school-grounds. The importance of the work performed by the School Committees and the home and school associations is fully recognized and warmly appreciated by the Government. It is felt that some better provision should be made to augment the incidental expenses of School Committees, and every endeavour will be made to provide for a substantial increase in this connection.

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At the present time there is no provision for conveyance other than by rail of children attending the post-primary schools, and this question is to be investigated in the direction of exploring the possibilities of helping with road conveyance ; also with regard to the payment of boarding-allowance to children who are compelled to live away from home in order to attend a post-primary school. It is proposed to make provision for the issue of free school-books to postprimary pupils whose parents are in necessitous circumstances, a concession which now obtains only in the case of primary-school pupils. 2. TYPES OF SCHOOLS. The present position in regard to our school system is outlined below. The Native schools and the Correspondence School are under the direct control of the Department; the other schools given in Table A are controlled by the various Boards in accordance with the Act and the regulations made thereunder. The primary schools in the Chatham Islands have since 1929 been controlled by the Department. In addition to the types given in that table there exist a number of private primary schools, private secondary schools, and private Native schools (both primary and secondary). These are under the control of various private bodies, but the range of classes is substantially the same as that given for corresponding schools in the table. Some private secondary schools are " endowed " — i.e., maintained partly by revenues derived from grants of land made by the State. Apart from certain special schools for the mentally backward (three) and for the deaf (one) —the following are the types of State schools that are at present in operation. The New Zealand Institute for the Blind is privately controlled.

Table A.

(a) A few primary schools have a Standard VII, in which the work done approximates to that of Form 111. In some of the schools the work done in Form 111 is supervised by the teacher, but the pupils are supplied with lessons compiled by the staff of the Department's Correspondence School. Some primary schools have become contributing schools — i.e., have lost Forms I and 11, these classes having been transferred to intermediate schools or departments. (b) Intermediate departments include Forms I and II only, Form 111 being considered part of the post-primary school to which the intermediate department is attached. Intermediate schools have, however, a Form 111 in cases specially approved by the Department. (c) In secondary departments of some district high schools there are a few pupils doing work in advance of that of Form V. (d) Secondary and technical schools amalgamated under a single governing body. 3. COST OF EDUCATION. The appendix to this report shows in detail under various headings the expenditure on education during the financial year ended 31st March, 1936. The total expenditure, including endowment revenue, amounted to £3,316,992, as against £2,929,606 in the previous year, an increase of £396,386.

Type of School. Lowest Class. Highest Class. 1. Primary (a) . . .. . . Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). 2. Native . . .. . . Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). 3. Intermediate (6) .. .. Form I (Standard V) Form II (Standard VI). 4. District High School — (i) Primary Department .. Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). (ii) Secondary Department Form III.. .. Form V. (c) 5. Secondary .. .. .. Form III.. .. Form VI. 6. Technical High .. .. Form III.. .. Form VI. 7. Combined (d) .. .. Form III.. .. Form VI. 8. Correspondence School — (i) Primary .. .. Preparatory division Form II (Standard VI). (ii) Secondary .. .. Form III. . . . Form VI.

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An analysis of expenditure is shown in the following table : —

Table B.—Analysis of Expenditure on Education for the Year ended 31st March, 1936.

From the statement of expenditure and recoveries the cost per pupil in the primary schools based on average attendance was £10 19s. 6d. excluding buildings, and £11 ss. sd. including buildings. 4. SCHOOL BUILDINGS AND SITES. During the year the net capital expenditure on tue erection of school-buildings, additions, sites, and teachers' residences was £131,457, as against £57,160 for the previous year. During the year a new high school was erected in South Dunedin, additional accommodation was provided in Elizabeth Street, Wellington, to replace the old Clyde Quay School, a new primary school was constructed in Dannevirke North, and new Native schools and residences were erected at Waima and Te Tii. Large technical-school works are in progress at Wellington, Nelson, Papanui (Christehurch), and at Petone. In order to reduce the expenditure of capital funds, an item was provided on the Consolidated Fund estimates to meet the cost of works costing under £200. These works included small additions and alterations, the total expenditure for the year being £10,033, which figure is included in the table given below.

(For more details see appendix to this Paper.) Expenditure v A-\ expressed as Expenditure per Branch of Education. * Percentage of Total Head of Population.* (Wet). Expenditure. £ £ s. d. Departmental administration .. .. 35,882 1-08 0 0 6 Boards'administration .. .. .. 53,187 1-60 0 0 8 Cost of inspection— Primary 31,353 0-95 0 0 5 Native 2,244 0-07 || Post-primary 4,684 0-14 0 0 1 Primary education — Public schools .. •• •• •• 1,884,756 \ 57-07 14 3 Departmental Correspondence School .. 8,199 J Native Education — Native schools .. .. •• •■ 85,168 \ 2-11 0 12 Scholarships and bursaries .. •• 4,666 J Post-primary education — Secondary, technical, and combined schools . . 540,166 "] Secondary departments of district high schools 79,838 [_ 18-96 0 8 1 Correspondence School .. .. • ■ • > 333 ( Scholarships and bursaries . - - • 1,655 J Higher education§ .. 92,946 2-80 0 1 2 Training of teachers .. . - •• 54,749 1-65 0 0 8 Special schools 21,421 0-65 0 0 3 Child welfare .. 104,843 3-16 0 1 4 Superannuation "0,026 5-13 ,0 2 2 Miscellaneous 2,419 0-07 || Capital expenditure on school buildings .. 131,457 3-96 0 18 Total* .. .. -- •• 3,316,992 100-00 2 2 5 * This includes revenue from endowments administered by the various Boards, &c, as well as direct expenditure from public funds — £ From public funds as shown in appendix .. .. .. .. •• 3,256,670 Endowments— I: Post-prirnary schools .. .. .. .. •• •• •• 39,271 ' University colleges .. .. - - • • • • • • • • 21,051 £3,316,992 $ ■f 1 Mean population for twelve months ended 31st March, 1936, was 1,563,787. § Grant to Massey Agricultural College is now provided under vote " Agriculture." II No significant amount.

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During the year it was necessary to provide £2,792 for the replacement of school-buildings destroyed by fire. This amount was recovered from the Government Fire Insurance Fund together with £2,357 on account of expenditure of the previous year. The increase in " credits-in-aid " represents a substantial portion of the proceeds from the sale of the Clyde Quay School site, Wellington, and also assistance given by the Unemployment Board for the erection of school-buildings. The following table shows the capital expenditure on new buildings, additions, sites, and teachers' residences for the years ended 31st March, 1933, 1934, 1935, and 1936 : — 1932-33. 1933-34. 1934-35. 1935-36. £ £ £ £ Public schools .. 36,290 57,664 35,105 87,908 Secondary schools .. 22,909 2,568 14,679 23,516 Technical schools .. 4,110 1,504 12,851 59,350 Training colleges .. .. .. .. 610 Native schools .. 869 2,698 5,419 8,399 Child - welfare institutions .. .. .. .. .. 221 Gross total.. 64,178 64,434 68,054 180,004 Less credits-in-aid .. 7,050 7,778 10,894 48,547 £57,128 £56,656 £57,160 £131,457 5. NUMBER OF SCHOOLS. The following table gives the number of public schools classified according to grade. The average attendance for the year ended 31st August is also shown : —

Table C1. —Number of Public Primary Schools.

Total Average Attendance.! Number of Schools.* G lang 0 °o? C A h^age d ***** Department.* D S e e p SnS. § Totals. Attendance. In each In each In each In each In each In each In each In each Subgrade. Grade. Subgrade. Grade. Subgrade. Grade. Subgrade. Grade. 0 (1-8) .. .. 171 171 1,145 1,145 .. .. 1,145 1,145 1 (9-20) .. .. 769 769 10,831 10,831 .. .. 10,831 10,831 II (21-35) .. .. 523 523 13,568 13,568 .. .. 13,568 13,568 Illi (36-50) .. .. 285 "I 11,812 "] [ .. ~) f 11,812 "I IIIb (51-80) .. .. 256 j> 675 15,332 j> 101 J- 15,433 V 39,940 IIIo (81-120) .. .. 134 j 12,527 J I 168 J 1 12,695 I IVa (121-160) .. .. 60 1 8,068 1 f 716 1 f 8,784 1 IVb (161-200) .. .. 39 j> 135 6,768 j> 22,656<J 640 J>2,029<; 7,408 i> 24,685 IVo (201-240) .. .. 36 J 7,820 J I 673 J I 8,493 Vα (241-280) .. .. 27 i 6,845 ") . f . 775 ] f 7,620 i Vβ (281-320) .. .. 21 J- 80 5,985 )■ 23,412-J 417 j>1,862«; 6,402 j> 25,274 Vα (321-360) .. .. 32 J 10,582 J I 670 J I 11,252 I VIA (361-400) .. .. 30 1 11,192 ") f 291 } f 11,483 1 VIb (401-440) .. .. 21 j> 64<J 8,627 j> 25,808-<; 124 y 415<! 8,751 y 26,223 Vic (441-480) .. .. 13 j L 5,989 J 1 .. J 1 5,989 I VIIa (481-520) .. .. 22 f 10,711 ~| f 95 i f 10,806 * VIIb (521-560) .. .. 20 I I 10,538 172 I 10,710 VIIo (561-600) .. .. 16 7,835 38 7,873 VIId (601-640) .. .. 3 3,044 .. 3,044 VIIe (641-680) .. .. 3 j> 69«; 1,980 j> 37,781«; .. y 305<| 1,980 y 38,086 VHP (681-720) .. .. 3 I I 2,117 I •■ 2,117 Vila (721-760) .... 1 I 730 .. 730 VIIh (761-800) VIIi (801-840) .. .. 1 j L 826 j L •■ J L 826 Totals, 1935 .. 2,486 2,486 174,872 174,872 4,880 4,880 179,752 179,752 Totals, 1934 .. 2,532 2,532 177,422 177,422 4,006 4,006 181,428 181,428 Difference .. .. -46 -46 -2,550 -2,550 +874 +874 -1,676 -1,676 * Ten half-time and forty-one schools with side schools attached are counted as separate schools. t The average attendance shown under this heading is the average attendance for the year ended 31st August, 1935. computed and adjusted m accordance with the regulations governing the starting of schools. The unadjusted total average attendance for the year ended 31st December, 1935, was: Primary departments, 173,998 ; secondary departments, 4,862. t The average attendance shown under this heading includes any pupils in Standard VII or in special classes. § This refers to secondary classes conducted mainly in rural areas in district high schools—that is, in primary schools to which are attached secondary departments.

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Table C 2, below, gives the number of schools other than public primary schools in the years 1934 and 1935 : —

Table C2. —Number of Schools other than Public Primary Schools.

6. ENROLMENT AT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. The following tables (D to F) give some details as to numbers on the roll at recognized educational institutions, numbers of full-time pupils in the various standards and forms, and median ages of full-time pupils in the various standards and forms.

(All schools not marked as "private" are State controlled.) Number of Schools in December, Number of Schools in December, 1934. 1935. Type of School. T 5T e of 1 i , Boys' Girls' Mixed T t , Boys' Girls' Mixed „ . , Schools. Schools. Schools. Lom - Schools. Schools. Schools. iotal - Chatham Islands .. .. Primary .... .. 5 5 .. 5 5 Intermediate schools or depart- Intermediate .. 2 1 13 16 2 1 13 16 ments* Secondary departments of dis- Post-primary .... 82 82 85 85 triot high schools Secondary .. .. .. Post-primary . . 10 12 16 38 10 12 16 38 Combined .. .. .. Post-primary .. 3 3 .. 6 3 3 6 Technical .. .. .. Post-primary .. .. .. 21 21 .. .. 21 Native village .. .. Primary .. .. .. 138 138 138 138 Native mission (private) .. Primary .. .. .. 11 11 11 11 Native post-primary (private) .. Primary and 4 5 1 10 4 5 10 post-primary Lower departments of secondary Primary .. 3 4 1 8 3 3 1 schools (private) Private primary .. .. Primary .. 39 29 239 307 40 36 234 310 Endowed and registered private Post-primary 20 34 1 55 21 34 1 56 secondary schools Specialf .. . . .. Primary ..2 1 2 5 2 1 2 5 . • Eleven of these in 1935 were intermediate departments. t Two of these are schools for the mentally backward, one a school attached to a boys' welfare institution, one a school for the blind, and one a school for the deaf. The New Zealand Institute for the Blind is privately controlled. *

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Table D.—Numbers on the Roll at Recognized Educational Institutions (exclusive of University Colleges and Kindergarten Schools).

~J Ot t at 10 *? 1 Children. Adolescents. Adults. Number Number ™" _, j. n i i on the Roll on the Type of School. on the RoU Q;i , , j 1st July, 1st July, Under 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21 Years 1934. 1935. 10 Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. Years. and over. Public primary schools .. 188,916 186,875 96,488 24,686 22,730 21,131 15,092 5,554 1,100 86 8 Special classes for backward 505 510 78 70 87 101 97 53 19 2.3.. children Native schools, village (primary) 7,504 7,852 4,011 953 904 858 722 321 73 8 1 1 Native schools, mission (private, . 549 577 308 66 65 53 53 23 7 2 primary)* Public primary schools, Chatham 157 164 73 21 13 25 15 11 5 .. .. 1 . . Islands Secondary schools, lower depart- 169 192 46 33 28 42 23 13 3 4 ments Private primary schools* .. 25,773 26,035 13,455 3,142 3,092 2,959 2,114 947 265 48 10 3 .. Intermediate schools and depart- 4,483 4,421 1 144 959 1,463 1,148 554 135 15 2 ments Secondary departments of dis- 5,011 5,331 .. .. 13 256 1,222 1,616 1,240 577 271 103 28 5 trict high schools Secondary schools .. .. 14,718 14,911 .. .. 26 664 3,041 4,289 3,480 1,948 950 410 92 10 1 Combined schools .. .. 2,144 2,176 .. .. 1 74 417 612, 522 321 160 57 12 Technical high and day schools.. 8,911 9,049 .. .. 10 375 2,114 2,927 2,194 884 343 127 28 22 25 Technical schools and combined 9,597 10,833 .. .. 17 35 168 727 1,552 1,867 1,874 1,540 827 567 1,659 schools (part-time students at day and night classes) Native schools, secondary* — Primary .. .. .. 93 119 22 15 11 12 13 17 16 7 4 2 .. Post-primary .... 237 248 .. .. 1 3 17 64 77 45 19 12 8 2 .. Endowed and registered private 4,193 4,495 .. .. 10 157 681 1,016 1,025 803 524 243 28 6 2 secondary schools Correspondence School — Primary .. .. .. 1,336 1,415 823 152 131 125 97 52 22 5 8 .... .. Secondary .. .. 447 561 . . .. 5 38 149 188 95 42 28 9 4 2 1 Training colleges . . . . . . 429 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . 7 43 97 94 188 Schools for mentally backward, &c. 284 308 25 15 22 46 42 61 41 25 7 10 5 2 7 School for the deaf .. .. 121 119 36 6 7 13 15 18 10 7 6 .. .. .. 1 New Zealand Institute for the 31 30 8 .. 5 .. 3 5 3 2 2 2 .. Blind Grand totals .. .. 275,179 276,650 115,374 29,303 28,137 28,430 27,243 19,068 11,884 6,698 4,225 2,563 1,131 710 1,884 Estimated population (inclusive .. 1,558,936 fl39,300 113,120 29,620 28,490 27,190 26,770 28,110 28,410 28,150 J28,320 of Maoris) at 1st July, 1935 * Native mission schools are registered private primary schools, and three Native secondary schools are registered private secondary schools, but in this table these schools are considered, respectively, mission schools and Native post-primary schools. j Estimated population five years of age but under ten years of age. J Estimated population twenty-one years of age and under twenty-two years of age.

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Table E.—Numbers of Full-time Pupils in the various Standards and Forms as at 1st July, 1935.

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Special Class 'tSly'Badii" Class *"• Standard I. Standard II. ] Standard III. Standard IV. Form I. Form II. Form III. Form IV. Form V. Form VI. Totals. Type of School. ward. Boys.! Girls. | Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. I Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. I Boys. Girls. Boys. I Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. | Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. I I 1 I I i 1 I _J I i Public primary .. .. 340 170 25,830 22,84111,009 9,77812,38011,15013,66712,67812,99212,28511,48810,869 9,967 9,371 254 316 97,927 89,458 Native —Europeans.. 155 133 60 58 70 54 67 54 60 58 57 48 36 38 5 1 510 444 Maoris .. 1,598 1,360 527 493 452 440 434 412 286 305 162 211 91 122 1 4 3,551 3,347 Public primary—Chatham .... 28 16 13 11 10 16 11 14 7 7 5 6 4 9 6 1 84 80 Islands Private primary and lower de- .. .. 3,501 3,429 1,501 1,507 1,449 1,613 1,655 1,729 1,631 1,860 1,638 1,812 1,451 1,657 112 378 12,938 13,985 partments of secondary Intermediate .. 1,132 982 1,148 1,015 66 78 .. .. 2,346 2,075 Secondary departments of dis- .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,2281,181 739 798 675 485 123 102 2,765 2,566 trict high schools Secondary.. .. .. .. .. 2,7092,5942,3002,1352,4461,767 533 427 7,988 6,923 Combined .. 449 339 336 265 380 243 100 64 1,265 911 Technical.. .. 2,5321,9531,5151,256 878 763 92 60 5,017 4,032 Endowed and registered private .. 802 729 645 647 722 716 185 190 2,354 2,282 secondary schools Correspondence .. 238 280 96 98 74 97 67 88 71 85 54 77 33 57 164 233 29 72 24 33 .. 6 850 1,126 Totals .. .. 340 170 31,350 28,05913,20611,945 14,43513,37015,90114,975 15,04714,60014,53614,00512,73012,269 8,328 7,807 5,564 5,173 5,125 4,0071,033 849137,595127,229

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Table F.—Median Ages of Full-time Pupils in the various Standards and Forms as at 1st July, 1935.

Special the Mentally Class P ' ! standard L [ Standard II. Standard III. Standard IV.' Form I. I Form II. Form III. j Form IV. Form V. Form VI. Type of School. Backward. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls, j Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys, j Girls. \ Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls, i Boys, j Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. . Y - M - Y - M - Y - M - Y - M - Y - M.Y. M.Y. M.Y. M.Y. M.Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y. M. Y MY MY MY M Public primary .. .. 12 212 4 7 0 6 11 8 7 8 5 9 5 9 310 510 311 511 312 612 313 413 113 1013 9 Native— Europeans 7 4 "7 2 9 2 8 1010 010 010 1010 911 1111 813 012 813 713 8 Maoris .. .... .. 7 87 810 1 9 911 110 1012 3111112 1012 913 613 614 014 0 Private primary and lower .. .. 6 7 6 7 8 4 8 3 9 3 9 110 410 311 311 312 512 213 313 313 914 4 departments of secondary schools Intermediate 12 312 013 313 214 214 1 Secondary departments of dis- M 013 1014 1014 1016 015 1117 517 6 trict nigh schools Secondary .. 13 1113 914 1014 816 215 1017 417 2 Combined .. u 11311141014 916 415 1017 217 1 Technical , u 3131O 15 114 10 16 116 017 617 6 Endowed and registered private ; 14 4131115 514 1116 1116 317 817 4 secondary schools Correspondence .. .. .. .. 7 3 7 4 8 9 8 7 9 9 9 711 010 912 311 413 012 914 013 714 214 215 515 216 716 6 17 8

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7. REGULARITY OF ATTENDANCE. For the year 1935 the regularity of attendance of pupils in public schools and intermediate schools and departments was commendably high. When expressed as a percentage of the average weekly roll, it was 92*5 per cent., in comparison with 91-3 per cent, in the previous year. Epidemics of a serious character were not prevalent throughout the year, and in every education district attendance was maintained in a creditable manner. 8. STAFFS OF SCHOOLS. The following table shows the number of adult teachers in the public primary schools of the different grades.

Table H1. —Number of Adult Teachers employed in Primary Departments of Public Schools, December, 1935.

The following table indicates the number of women teachers for each 100 men teachers : —

Table H2.—Ratio of Women to Men Teachers in Primary Schools.

Sole Teachers. Head Teachers. Teachers Total Adult Teachers. Grade of School.* ; M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Total. Grade 0 (1-8) .. 59 102 59 102 161 I (9-20) 450 295 1 1 .. 2 451 298 749 II (21-35) .. 253 202 38 22 3 57 294 281 575 „ IIIa (36-50) .. 10 6 181 81 4 258 195 345 540 „ IIIb (51-80) 213 37 6 272 219 309 528 „ IIIc (81-120) 121 8 10 270 131 278 409 „ IV (121-240) 131 1 123 422 254 423 677 V (241-360) 75 1 142 387 217 388 605 VI (361-480) .. .. .. 65 .. 187 468 252 468 720 „ VII (over 480) " 73 1 297 713 370 714 1,084 All grades— 1935 .. .. 772 605 898 152 772 2,849 2,442 3,606 6,048 1934 .. .. 720 634 920 176 876 3,116 2,516 3,926 6,442 Difierence .. .. +52 -29 -22 —24 -104 -267 -74 -320 -394 * The grade of school given above is the grade in which the school is placed when all attached side schools are included, while part-time schools taught by the same teacher are counted as one school.

1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. Adult teachers — All schools .. .. ..183 184 178 174 167 157 156 148 Schools with roll 1-20 .. 185 162 157 156 120 103 89 78 Schools with roll over 20 .. 182 188 182 178 177 170 173 166 Probationers .. .. ..303 265 224 177 * * * * Training-college students .. 227 242 282 226 201 163 | 187 * There have been no probationers since 1931. t All Training Colleges were closed during 1934.

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Table H3.—Number of Adult Full-time Teachers employed in Departmental Schools, December, 1934, and December, 1935.

In addition to the above the following numbers of teachers were also employed : —

9. NUMBER OF PUPILS AND ADULT TEACHERS IN THE PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND INTERMEDIATE SCHOOLS AND DEPARTMENTS IN THE DIFFERENT EDUCATION DISTRICTS. The following table gives the number of children attending public primary schools and intermediate schools and departments in the different education districts and the number of adult teachers in these schools at the end of 1935. The figures are exclusive of the secondary departments of district high schools.

Table J.

December, 1934. December, 1935. Principals Principals and Sole Assistant Total Adult and Sole Assistant Total Adult Type of School. and Head Teachers. Teachers. and Head Teachers. Teachers. Teachers. Teachers. i M. F. M. F. M. F. M. ! F. M. F. M. F. I |_ Public (primary) .. .. 1,640 810 8763,116 2,5163,9261,670 757 7722,8492,4423,606 Intermediate* .. .. 5 .. 66 65 71 65 5 .. 61 64 66 64 Secondary departments of f2 . . 126 98 128 98 |2 .. 129 100 131 100 district high schools Secondary .. .. 26 12 321 252 347 264 26 12 322 256 348 268 Combined .. .. 4 3 54 35 58 38 4 3 54 36 58 39 Technical .. .. 21 . . 229 147 250 147 21 .. 234 149 255 149 Native (primary) . . .. 107 31 7 79 114 110 108 30 8 78 116 108 Chatham Islands .. .. 4 1 . . 1 4 2 5.. 1 2 6 2 Correspondence — Primary .. . . 1 . . 5 18 6 18 1 . . 5 22 6 22 Post-primary .. 5 10 5 10 . . .. 6 11 6 11 Special . . .. . . 2 2 7 12 9 14 1 2 9 10 10 12 Total .. .. 1,812 8591,6963,8333,5084,6921,843 8041,6013,5773,4444,381 * Where the intermediate department is attached to a secondary, technical, or district high school only the teachers of Forms I and II are included here. f These are the head teachers of the Waihi and West Christchurch District High Schools to which are attached intermediate departments.

1934. 1935. M. F. M. P. Manual instructors .. .. .. 90 68 92 69 Student teachers in technical schools .. 7 . 3 8 4 Junior assistant teachers in Native schools . . 5 111 4 110

Education District. Enrolment. Adult Teachers. . . Auckland .. .. .. 62,774 759 1,904 Taranaki .. .. .. 10,980 173 367 Wanganui .. .. .. 14,724 213 479 Hawke'sBay .. .. .. 14,550 191 457 Wellington 25,871 237 756 Nelson .. .. ... 6,308 139 244 Canterbury .. .. .. 32,956 373 1,020 Otago .. .. .. .. 18,133 238 611 Southland .. .. .. 11,030 179 360 Totals.. .. .. 197,326 2,502 6,198

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io. SIZE OF CLASSES. The following table shows the average number of children per adult teacher in public primary schools.

Table K1. —Average Number of Children per Adult Class-teacher in Public Primary Schools.

N.B. —The average attendance shown for each grade of school in the above table does not correspond with that shown in Table C 1, owing to the fact that in Table C 1 part-time and side schools are taken separately, thus altering the grades of various schools for the purpose of that table.

Table K2.—Size of Classes in Public Primary Schools of Grade IV and over.

Table K3.— Change in Average Number of Pupils per Adult Teacher in Public Primary Schools.

AveraL Avera^e Number Number of Adult Teachers. Attend nee of children P er Adult for Year Class-teacher. Grade of School. , ended 31st ... Head i ™ August, 1935 Teachers Teachera I teachers (M™«y I 034 - * 935 - leacnera. excluded . | teacners. on j y)> 0 (1-8) .. .. 161 .. 161 1,085 7 7 I (9-20) .. .. 749 .. 749 10,579 14 14 II (21-35) .. .. 575 .. 575 13,343 23 23 IIIa (36-50) .. .. 540 .. 540 11,515 21 21 IIIb (51-80) .. .. 528 .. 528 14,940 27 28 IIIc (81-120) .. .. 409 .. 409 12,042 28 29 IV (121-240) .. .. 677 .. 677 22,213 30 33 V (241-360) .. .. 605 .. 605 22,164 34 37 VI (361-480) .. .. 720 65 655 26,277 37 40 VII (481 and over).. .. 1,084 74 1,010 40,714 38 40 All schools .. 6,048 139 5,909 174,872 28 30

February, 1930. February, ]935. February, 1936. , I Number of Chfldren. ! *s≥. 01 **°-* *e≥. 04 i percent - *s≥. 01 percent - Under 31 .. .. 331 10-0 616 20-6 296 10-3 31-40 .. .. 845 27-0 1,011 33-8 802 28-0 41-50 .. 1,175 37-0 1,007 33-7 1,173 40-9 51-60 ..760 24-0 349 11-6 550 19-2 61 and over .. .. 48 2-0 9 0-3 45 1-6 Total .. .. 3,159 100-0 2,992 100-0 2,866 100-0

Average Attendance Number of Number of Pupils per Year. I for Year ending Adult Teachers. Adult Teacher. 31st August I I 1932 .. .. •• 194,930 6,292 30-9 1933 . .. .. 183,148 6,072 30-2 1934 .. .. 177,422 6,442 27-5 1935 .. .. 174,872 6,048 28-9

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ii. CLASSIFICATION OF TEACHERS. The following tables give the status in regard to certificates of teachers in primary schools, intermediate schools and departments, secondary departments of district high schools and Native schools, and the classification of teachers in secondary, technical, and combined schools : —

Table L1.—Status in regard to Certificates of Teachers in Primary Schools and Forms I and II of Intermediate Schools and Departments as in December.

Table L2. —Certificates held by Teachers in Primary Schools and Intermediate Schools and Departments as in December.

Table L3.—Certificates held by Teachers in the Secondary Departments of District High Schools.

The difference between the totals here and in Table H 3 is due to the fact that two teachers in these schools are not the holders of teachers' certificates. One of these, however, is classified as a secondary-school teacher.

1933. 1934. 1935. Number. < P f' Number. P ? r " Number, i P f' centage. centage. oentage. I. Certificated teachers .. .. 6,153 99-2 6,559 99-73 6,154 99-3 II. Uncertificated teachers— (1) Holding licenses .. .. 1 .. 1 0-02 1 (2) Unlicensed .. .. 48 0-8 17* 0-25 43 0-7 Total uncertificated .. .. 49 0-8 18 0-27 44 0-7 Totals of I and II .. .. 6,202 100-0 6,577 100-0 6,198 100-0 * Teachers of manual subjects were omitted in 1934.

1934. 1935. Class of Certificate. M. • F. Total. M. F. Total. A .. .. .. 56 11 67 I" 63 p 7 70 B .. .. .. 922 531 1,453 922 505 1,427 C .. .. .. 1,372 2,767 4,139 1,299 2,525 3,824 D .. .. .. 228 657 885 216 606 822 E ...... 4 14 18 3 8 11 Totals .. .. 2,582 3,980 6,562 2,503 3,651 6,154

1934. 193S. Class of Certificate. M. P. Total. M. F. Total. A ...... 16 9 25 12 10 22 B .. .. .. 98 77 175 105 82 187 C ...... 9 8 17 11 6 17 D 3 1 4 .. 1 1 E Totals .. .. 126 95 221 128 99 227

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Table L4. —Certificates held by Teachers in Native Primary Schools. (Junior Assistant Teachers are excluded.)

Table L5.—Grading of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Secondary and Combined Schools as in December and prior to the Issue of the Annual Grading List.

N.B.—•Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary, technical, and combined schools.

Table L6.—Classification of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Technical High and Day Schools and in Combined Schools as in December, 1935, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List.

Note.—(l) To be classified in Division I a teacher must be the holder of a University degree or equivalent qualification. (2) Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary technical, and combined schools,

15 E.—1. Table L 4. —Certificates held by Teachers in Native Primary Schools. (Junior Assistant Teachers are excluded.) 1934. 1935. Class of Certificate. s M. F. Total. M. F. Total. A .. .. . . .. B 19 6 25 '22 "6 '28 C .... .. 58 46 104 60 51 111 D ■ 21 26 47 20 26 46 E 1 1 .. 1 l Total certificated teachers .. 98 79 177 102 84 186 Uncertificated teachers .. 16 31 47 14 24 38 Grand totals .. 114 110 224 116 108 224 Table L 5.— Grading of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Secondary and Combined Schools as in December and prior to the Issue of the Annual Grading List. 1934. 1935. Grade of Teacher. : ■, M. F. Total. M. F. Total. A .. ., .. 86 60 146 93 59 152 B 99 59 158 97 58 155 C 96 84 180 90 76 166 D 40 49 89 42 63 105 Totals .. .. 321 252 573 322 256 573 N.B.—'Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary, technical, and combined schools. Table L 6.—Classification of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Technical High and Day Schools and in Combined Schools as in December, 1935, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List. CbS8 VIL J VI - 1 V - I IV - *L H- lo Total, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. I\ M. F. M. F. M. F M F Division I .. .. 0 10 38 12 43 17 51 20 42 19 27 22 16 22 217 122 Division II .. .. 0 8 5 22 26 11 25 6 10 11 3 4 2 1 71 63 Totals .. 0 18 43 34 69 28 76 26 52 30 30 26 18 23 288 185 Grand totals .. 18 77 97 102 82 56 41 473 Note.—(1) To be classified in Division I a teacher must be the holder of a University degree or equivalent qualification. (2) Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary technical, and combined schools,

15 E.—1. Table L 4.—Certificates held by Teachers in Native Primary Schools. (Junior Assistant Teachers are excluded.) 1934. 1935. Class of Certificate. s M. F. Total. M. F. Total. A .. .. . . .. B 19 6 25 '22 "6 '28 C .... .. 58 46 104 60 51 111 D ■ 21 26 47 20 26 46 E 1 1 .. 1 l Total certificated teachers .. 98 79 177 102 84 186 Uncertificated teachers .. 16 31 47 14 24 38 Grand totals .. 114 110 224 116 108 224 Table L 5.— Grading of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Secondary and Combined Schools as in December and prior to the Issue of the Annual Grading List. 1934. 1935. Grade of Teacher. : ■, M. F. Total. M. F. Total. A .. ., .. 86 60 146 93 59 152 B 99 59 158 97 58 155 C 96 84 180 90 76 166 D 40 49 89 42 63 105 Totals .. .. 321 252 573 322 256 573 N.B.—'Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary, technical, and combined schools. Table L 6.—Classification of Full-time Assistant Teachers in Technical High and Day Schools and in Combined Schools as in December, 1935, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List. CbS8 VIL J VI - 1 V - I IV - *L H- lo Total, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. I\ M. F. M. F. M. F M F Division I .. .. 0 10 38 12 43 17 51 20 42 19 27 22 16 22 217 122 Division II .. .. 0 8 5 22 26 11 25 6 10 11 3 4 2 1 71 63 Totals .. 0 18 43 34 69 28 76 26 52 30 30 26 18 23 288 185 Grand totals .. 18 77 97 102 82 56 41 473 Note.—(1) To be classified in Division I a teacher must be the holder of a University degree or equivalent qualification. (2) Full-time assistant teachers in combined schools are placed on the Grading List of Secondaryschool Teachers and also on the Classification List of Technical-school Teachers. Hence the sum of the totals in Tables L 5 and L 6 exceeds the total number of full-time assistants engaged in secondary technical, and combined schools,

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Table L7. —Classification of Full-time Teachers of Manual-training Classes as in December, 1935, and prior to the Issue of the Annual Classification List.

Note. —(1) To be classified in Division I a teacher must be tie holder of a University degree or equivalent qualification. (2) In 1934 four of the men and five of the women were attached to certain intermediate schools or departments under the control of the Auckland Education Board. These are included also among the staffs of those intermediate schools or departments. 12. SALARIES OF TEACHERS. The average salaries (including house allowances, value of residences, and all other allowances) of adult teachers in primary schools in 1914 and for the last five years are shown in the following table. Under the provisions of the Finance Act, 1931, the salaries of all teachers, in common with those of all public servants, were reduced by 10 per cent, as from the Ist April, 1931. Salaries were further reduced under the provisions of the National Expenditure Adjustment Act, 1932, as from the Ist April, 1932. The reductions made were 5 per cent, on salaries not exceeding £225 per annum, 10 per cent, between that figure and not exceeding £720, and 12| per cent, on those exceeding that figure. The salaries of all teachers were increased by 5 per cent, as from Ist April, 1934, and by 1\ per cent, as from Ist August, 1935. Table M 1. —Average Salaries or Primary-school Teachers (exclusive of Teachers in Intermediate Schools and Departments and Secondary Departments of District High Schools) as in December. 1914. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. (1) Teachers in all schools— £ £ £ £ £ £ (a) Men and women .. .. 163 255 228 231 229 261 (b) Men .. .. .. .. 224 320 283 283 283 312 (c) Women .. .. ..128 218 195 198 194 224 (2) Teachers in schools with average attendance over eight— (a) Men and women 261 232 235 233 265 (b) Men . • • • .. 323 286 286 288 321 (c) Women 224 200 202 198 227 (3) Teachers in schools with average attendance over twenty— (a) Men and women 265 236 239 235 268 (b) Men • • • • .. 338 301 302 301 338 (c) Women 223 199 201 196 226 (4) Head teachers— (a) Men .. .. .. .. 400 357 356 372 400 (6) Women .. .. . • .. 345 309 313 323 347 (5) All sole teachers — (a) Men . . • .. 251 222 224 233 258 (6) Women 220 199 197 212 243 (6) Assistants — (a) Men .. .. • • .. 283 249 250 231 277 (6) Women .. .. • • .. 210 188 191 183 213

Class VII. VI. V. IV. III. II. Totals. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Division I .. .. 003052 4437 09 2 18 17 40 Division II .. .. 12 9 7 22 6 21 6 10 6 9 1 3 1 75 29 Totals .. 1 2 12 7 27 8 25 10 13 13 9 10 5 19 92 69 Grand totals ..3 19 35 35 26 19 24 161

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Table M 2.—Average Salaries (inclusive of all Allowances and Value of Residence for Principals where provided) of Full-time Teachers in Intermediate and Post-primary Schools and of Manual Instructors as at 1st December.

Manual Instructors. —Average Rate of Salary of Manual Instructors as on 1st December.

3—E. 1.

1932. 1935. Principals. Assistants. All Teachers. Principals. Assistants. All Teachers. Men. (women. ™£ Men. I Women. =** Men. Women. ™*_ Men. Women. Men. ! Women. =££ i Men. .Women. Both I I i * ! I I ££££.££££££££££££££ Intermediate schools and departments .. 307 232 277 307 232 277 541 .. 541 345 272 308 363 272 319 Secondary departments of district high schools . . 291 236 266 291 236 266 347 287 323 347 287 323 Secondary schools .. .. .. ..653 472 596 339 242 296 363 253 315 734 539 672 384 265 332 I 410 278 353 Combined schools . . .. .. 636 446 554 337 , 243 301 357 259 319 748 515 648 395 273 347 420 292 368 Technical high and day schools .. .. . . | 593 . . 593 334 218 288 357 218 305 682 .. 682 394 255 340 418 255 358 I I

1932. 1935. £ £ Men .. .. .. • • • ■ 300 345 Women . . .. .. • • • • 198 233 Men and women .. .. ■ • • • 256 297

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Table M 3. —Average Salaries (including House Allowances, Value or Residences, and all other Allowances) of Adult Teachers in Native Schools as at 31st December. 1934. 1935. 1. Teachers in all schools— £ £ (a) Men and women .. .. .. .. .. 229 289 (b) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 263 341 (c) Women .. .. .. .. .. ..193 234 2. Head teachers — (a) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 277 368 (b) Women .. .. .. .. .. ..268 334 3. Sole teachers — (a) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 189 220 (b) Women .. .. .. .. .. .. 201 237 4. Assistants (a) Men .. .. .. .. .. .. 161 179 (b) Women .. .. .. .. .. .. 180 203 13. PUPILS LEAVING PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS. In 1935 22,108 pupils (11,526 boys and 10,582 girls) left public primary schools. Of these, 17,708 (80 per cent.) had passed Form 11. In the last five years the numbers leaving have been as follow : —

14. PUPILS COMMENCING POST - PRIMARY COURSE IN STATE SCHOOLS. In 1935 13,177 pupils (6,996 boys and 6,181 girls) commenced post-primary education in State post-primary schools. In the last five years the numbers commencing post-primary education in these schools have been as follow : —

No return is made giving the number of pupils commencing a post-primary course who in the previous year gained a proficiency certificate as pupils in a public school. It will be observed,. however, that the great majority of pupils who enter post-primary schools do so from public schools. To arrive at some approximate estimate as to the extent to which the gaining of a proficiency certificate influences the question as to whether a post-primary course is to be followed or not, the following figures have been grouped as a basis for comparison. It will be observed that the number of pupils who commence a post-primary course expressed as a percentage of the pupils who pass for a proficiency certificate in a previous year is variable, the factors contributing to this variation no doubt being the availability of suitable avenues of employment for boys, especially on completion of their primary-school course.

Y Total Number Number who Percentage who leaving. passed Form II. passed Form II. 1931 .. .. .. .. 20,268 15,709 78 1932 .. .. .. .. 21,466 16,930 79 1933 .. .. .. .. 21,935 17,434 79 1934 .. .. .. .. 22,665 17,980 79 1935 .. .. .. .. 22,108 17,708 80

[ Total Number Number of these Percentage coming Year. commencing coming from Public i from Public Post-primary Course. Primary Schools. Primary Schools. I 1931 .. .. .. .. 12,585 12,055 96 1932 .. .. .. .. 11,579 11,019 95 1933 .. .. .. .. 12,214 11,637 95 1934 .. .. .. .. 12,686 12,143 96 1935 .. .. .. .. 13,177 12,632 96

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The ages at which pupils commenced their post-primary course are given in the following table : —

Table N. —Ages at which Pupils commence Post-primary Course.

In 1934 and in 1935 24 per cent, of those commencing a post-primary course did so under the age of thirteen years. 15. DESTINATION OF PUPILS LEAVING SCHOOL. A summary of the destination returns obtained from the schools, through the various Boards, is given in the following tables : —

Table O1. —Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Public Primary Schools during or at End of Year 1935.

Year of commencing post-primary course .. 1931. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. Number of proficiency passes in previous 17,372 14,128 16,549 16,633 17,286 year in public primary schools and intermediate schools and departments Number of pupils who commenced a post- 12,055 11,019 11,637 12,143 12,632 primary course in State schools and who came from public primary schools or intermediate schools and departments Percentage .. .. .. .. 69 78 70 73 73 [

Age at which Post-primary Course commenced. Total Numbers commencing TT l o i E \r Post-primary Under 12 12 Yea rs. 13 Years. 14 Years. 15 Years Edu^tion / Years. and over. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. I i Secondary .. 41 56 610 725 1,210 1,208 634 528 199 95 2,694 2,612 Combined .. 4 7 81 90 190 162 128 71 50 14 453 344 Technical •■ 20 20 342 375 986 861 875 601 338 151 2,561 2,008 District high .. 29 38 315 344 573 562 286 219 85 54 1,288 1,217 Totals—1935 .. 94 121 1,348 1,534 2,959 2,793 1,923 1,419 672 314 6,996 6,181 1934 .. 107 125 1,298 1,557 2,996 2,770 1,710 1,220 624 279 6,735 5,951 Difierence .. -13 -4 +50 -23 -37 +23 +213 +199 +48 +35 +261 +230

Totals. Had passed Had not passed Form II. Form II. Destination. B °y s - Girls - * ' " —— ■ — j " Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Number. Number. Postprimary .. .. .. 6,401 5,928 187 133 6,588 57 6,061 57 Commercial occupations — (a) Clerical (including typing) 37 25 5 1 42 * 26 * (b) Shop and warehouse assistants 309 161 141 105 450 4 266 3 Trades — (a) Engineering .. Ill 40 3 151 1 3 * (b) Building .. .. .. 61 35 1 96 1 1 * (c) Other .. .. .. 166 41 106 32 272 2 73 1 Agricultural and pastoral .. 1,268 84 1,113 61 2,381 21 145 1 Other occupations . . .. 370 323 337 296 707 6 619 6 Home .. .; .. 339 1,957 335 1,286 674 6 3,243 31 Not known .. .. .. 69 58 96 87 165 2 145 1 Totals, 1935 ... .. 9,131 8,577 2,395 2,005 11,526 100 '10,582 100 Totals, 1934 .. .. 9,184 8,796 2,650 2,035 11,834 .. 10,831 DiSerence ._. .. .. —53 —219 —255 —30 —308 .. —249 * Insignificant percentage.

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Table O 2. —Percentages of Pupils leaving Primary Schools in 1932-35 who proceeded to the various Destinations and Occupations.

Table O3. —Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Intermediate Schools and Departments during or at End of 1935.

Table O4. —Percentages of Pupils leaving Intermediate Schools and Departments in 1932-35 who proceeded to various Destinations and Occupations.

Boys. Girls. Destination. ■ 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. . Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Post primary .. 53 54 54 57 51 54 55 57 Commercial occupations — (a) Clerical (including ******** typing) (b) Shop and warehouse 3 3 34 1 2 2 3 assistants Trades — (a) Engineering .. 1 1 1 1 .. * * (6) Building .. ..* * 1 1 .. * * * (c) Other .. 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 Agricultural and pastoral 24 24 23 21 2 2 2 1 Other occupations ..6 5 6 6 4 4 4 6 Home.. .. ..10 10 8 6 39 36 35 31 Not known .. 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 Totals .. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100- * Insignificant percentage.

Boys. ' Girls. Occupation. First Second Third T . , Po _, a _ +<ire First Second Third „ , , „ Year. Year. Year, j TotaL Percenta g e - y ear . Year . Year . Total. Percentage. Continued full-time 81 752 32 865 69 76 668 28 772 68 education Commercial (clerical, 10 57 35 102 8 1 21 21 43 4 typing, shop, and warehouse) Trades .. .. 3 53 33 89 7 2 20 17 39 3 Agricultural and pas- 7 54 8 69 5 toral Home .. .. 6 35 4 45 4 25 147 40 212 19 Miscellaneous .. 11 25 11 47 4 2 32 7 41 i Not known 4 30 4 38 3 1 18 1 20 2 Totals, 1935 .. 122 1,006 127 1,255 100 107 906 114 1,127 100 Totals, 1934 .. 199 1,010 121 1,330 .. 194 828 95 1,117 Difference .. —77 —4 +6 —75 .. —87 +78 +19 +10

Boys. Girls. Occupation. ■ ( 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1932. 1933. j 1934. 1935. I Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Per Cent. Continued full-time education .. 68 70 70 69 60 65 67 68 Commercial (clerical, typing, stop, 55683344 and warehouse) Trades .. .. ".. 7 4 6 7 2 2 3 3 Agricultural and pastoral .. 8 7 6 5 1 Home .. .. .. 7 8 5 4 30 25 23 19 Miscellaneous .. .. ..4 5 3 4 3 2 2 4 Not known .. .. .. 1 1 4 3 1 3 1 2 Totals .. .. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

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Table O5.—Probable Destination of Pupils leaving Post-primary Schools during or at the End of the Year 1935.

Secondary Schools. j Combined Schools. T**. Occupation. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Num- Per Num- Per j Nnm- Per Nran- Per Num.- Per Num.- j Per Num- Per ; Nam- Per Num- | Per Num- j Per ber. Cent. ber. Cent. I ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. Cent. | ber. Cent. ber. Cent. ber. j Cent. ! ' I i __i_ University college .. 133 5 55 3 29 7 9 3 10 * 3 * 24 2 3 * 196 3 70 1 Teaching or training college ..59 2 137 6 10 2 20 8 17 1 18 1 41 3 46 5 127 2 221 4 Clerical — Government or local body 226 9 27 1 31 7 3 1 76 3 8 * 110 9 4 * 443 7 42 ] Banks, insurance .. 87 3 16 1 18 4 2 1 4 * 7 * 7 1 1 * 116 2 26 * Legal . . .. .. 45 2 6 * 10 2 2 1 6 * 12 1 2 * 7 1 63 1 27 1 Commercial .. ..484 19 320 15 50 11 34 13 225 9 367 21 76 6 74 8 835 12 795 16 Engineering, surveying, and 37 1 .. 38 9 .. .. 225 9 .. .. 22 2 .. .. 322 5 architecture Various trades and industries 416 16 87 4 72 17 18 7 698 29 235 14 191 16 41 4 1,377 20 381 7 Shop and warehouse .. 506 19 267 13 59 13 35 14 397 17 238 14 191 16 119 12 1,153 17 659 13 Farming .. .. 326 13 1 * 72 17 8 3 349 15 ! 15 1 367 31 3 * 1,114 17 27 1 Home .. .. .. 32 1 740 35 .. 72 28 28 1 530 31 47 4 576 60 107 2 1,918 38 Other occupations .. ..43 2 292 14 23 5 19 7 158 7 105 6 35 3 49 5 259 4 465 9 Not known .. ..214 8 178 8 27 6 36 14 215 9 182 11 86 7 46 5 542 8 442 9 Totals, 1935 .. 2,608 100 2,126 100 439 100 258 100 2,408 100 1,720 100 1,199 100 969 100 6,654 100 5,073 100 Totals, 1934 .. 2,549 .. 2,305 .. 429 .. 295 .. 2,297 .. 1,751 .. 1,085 .. 860 .. 6,360 .. 5,211 Difference .. .. +59 .. —179 .. +10 .. —37 .. +111 .. —31 .. +114 .. +109 .. +294 .. —138 * Insignificant percentage.

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Table O6.—Percentages of Boys leaving Post-primary Schools in 1932-35 who proceeded to the University or to Employment in the Three Main Occupational Groups.

Of the pupils leaving primary schools a definite increase is recorded in the percentage proceeding to post-primary education, with a more noticeable drop in the percentage of those remaining at home. This is particularly so in the case of girls, the number remaining at home steadily decreasing since 1932. In the case of intermediate schools and departments no appreciable change in the distribution of their leaving pupils is recorded when compared with the previous year. So far as boys are concerned, of those leaving post-primary schools there has been a definite increase in the percentages of pupils proceeding to the group of occupations " clerical, professional, shop, and warehouse." The increase is not so marked as that recorded in the previous year, but, nevertheless, is evident in the returns from all classes of schools. A definite and progressive decrease is recorded in the percentage of pupils engaging in farming pursuits. 16. VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE AND PLACEMENT. In the table below a summary has been made of those who are continuing their education or who are being absorbed into positions in industry, &c. It will be observed that in every class of school from which returns have been received a definite increase in the percentages is recorded. In some cases principals have reported that they are unable to supply the demands made for young persons to fill positions. In other cases, particularly in technical schools, the demand for boys has resulted in an undue falling off in the numbers during the first year. This circumstance is to be deplored that boys are entering occupations without proper preparation, with a consequent impairment of their efficiency. In the technical high schools in the main centres much has been done to assist in placing pupils in suitable positions.

Table P. —Percentages of Pupils leaving Primary, Intermediate, and Post-primary Schools in 1932-35 who are known to have proceeded to further full-time education of a Higher Grade or to some Definite Occupation (Home excluded).

University. aid wSoS. Farmln 8- Trades and Industries. Class of School. I I 1932.1933.1934. 1935. 1932jl933. : 1934. 1935. 1932 1933.1934. ll9S5 1 932.1933.1934.1935. ! I ! \__ Secondary .. .. .. 8 6 5 5 32 41 50 55 23 18 15 13 13 14 14 16 Combined .. .. .. 5 5 4 7 33 33 45 48 29 24 24 17 10 16 12 17 Technical .. .. 1 1 1 * 22 31 35 39 22 19 17 15 23 26 30 29 District high .. .. .. 1 2 1 2 18 24 31 37 46 39 33 31 9 15 16 16 All schools .. .. . . 4 3 3 3 26 34 41 46 27 22 20 17 16 19 20 20 * Insignificant percentage.

Boys. Girls. Class of School. ; 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. 1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. I Primary .. 88 89 90 92 59 63 64 68 Intermediate .. ..92 91 91 93 69 72 76 79 Secondary .. ..79 81 87 91 34 43 52 57 Combined .. ..82 82 89 94 32 38 48 58 Technical .. 73 82 88 90 36 44 53 58 Secondary departments of 80 84 85 89 21 26 31 35 district high schools All post-primary schools 77 81 87 90 32 40 48 53

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17. LENGTH OF POST - PRIMARY COURSE. The returns compiled in 1935 by teachers show also the duration of the postprimary course taken by pupils who have now left school. Summarized, the position is as follows: —

Table Q1.

No returns have been obtained from post-primary schools giving the actual length of school life of each individual pupil, but from the information summarized in the above table it is possible to give an approximation of the average length of the school life of those pupils who left school in 1935. For this purpose a pupil leaving in his first year is taken to have a school life of one year and so on till those leaving in a fourth year or later are taken as four years only. Some pupils stay for five or six years, but this fact is compensated for when it is considered that many pupils leaving in their first and second year cannot be said to have a school life of one and two years respectively. The following figures are given, therefore, with the reservation that they are not compiled from exact information, but they are nevertheless not far from being correct: — Average Length of School Life. Y. M. Secondary schools .. .. .. .. .. 210 Combined schools .. .. .. .. . . ..28 Technical high and day schools .. .. .. ..22 . Secondary departments of district high schools . . .. ..23 All post-primary schools .. .. .. .. ..26 In the case of pupils who enter upon post-primary courses and leave during the same year, information has been obtained showing in months the duration of the school life of such pupils. The information received is tabulated in the table below. It will be noted that the totals are slightly below those shown as leaving in the first year in Table Q 1 preceding. This difference is due to the fact that Table Q 2 concerns those pupils who commenced and finished their courses in the same year, while Table Q 1 includes in " leaving in first year " pupils who. though in the first year of their course when they left, actually commenced that course in a previous calendar year or at a private secondary school.

[ Secondary Combined Technical High Distriot Hi h Schools/ Schools. a^S s al Schools 8 School, I Number -j (£nt. N * mber - C P ent. Number ' Number - Cent, j Number -| C^nt. Leaving in first year .. 640 14 125 18 1,227 30 686 32 2,678 23 Leaving in second year 1,293 27 181 26 1,438 35 635 29 3,547 30 Leaving in third year .. 1,032 22 201 29 907 22 388 18 2,528 22 Leaving in fourth year 1,769 37 190 27 556 13 459 21 2,974 25 and later ■ ■ Totals, 1935 .. 4,734 100 697 100 4,128 100 2,168 100 11,727 100 Totals, 1934 .. 4,854 .. 724 .. 4,048 .. 1,945 .. 11,571 Difference .. —120 .. —27 .. +80 .. +223 .. +156

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Table Q2. —Number of Children who commenced Post-primary Courses in 1935 and who definitely left in the same Year.

18. FREE PLACES IN POST - PRIMARY SCHOOLS. The following table gives the number of free-place holders in post-primary schools in 1934 and 1935 :—

Table R. —Free-place Holders as at 1st July.

On the Ist July, 1935, 32,028 children were in attendance at public schools providing secondary education, and of these 31,666 held free places and 362 were paying pupils. Ninety-nine per cent, of the children were thus receiving free secondary education. In 1934 427 out of the 31,231 children in attendance were paying pupils. The percentage of children receiving free education in 1935 was the same as that of the previous year. 19. SPECIAL CLASSES FOR BACKWARD CHILDREN. The special classes established for the education of backward children who cannot make normal progress in an ordinary class continue to do very good work. There appears an increasing willingness on the part of parents to allow their children to take advantage of this only means to reasonable progress. Two new classes were established during the year. The roll number of these classes at Ist July, 1935, was 510, compared with 505 in the previous year.

During During During During During During During During During During During First Second Third Fourth Fifth I Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth Eleventh Type of School. Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Month Total. of of of of of of of of of of of Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. Course. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. G. G. G. B. G. B. 0. B. G. B. G. B. G. B. G. Secondary schools .. .. 5 17 3 12 5 19 15 13 1118 15 35 18 19 1123 15 36 16132 194 317 304 Percentage .. .. T IT 5~ T £ IT T 6 ~T 52 100 Combined schools .. 2 2 2 0 3 12 18 3 6 3 7 5 4 4 6 19 12 35 7 84 39 Percentage .. .. .. 3 ~3~ ~2~ ~9~ 7 10 6 17 34 100 Technical schools .. . . 17 913 8 26 22 37 15 35 15 57 34 99 33 54 28 56 36 60 43 277 219 731 462 Percentage .. .. .. T T T T T 8 11 7 8 9 41 100 Secondary departments of district 15 7 9 915 10 16 1016 1129 13 33 25 29 17 34 22 24 26 137 150 357 300 high schools l — v — "■ —„ —"-— v — "■ — v —' v — v — l —v--- J * — v —' v — v —' ' — v — Jl y v v ' v v ' Percentage .. ..3344469 78 8 44 100 Totals .. .. .. 39 19 31 20 56 38 74 4172 40 110 65174 81106 60117 74129 97 581 5701,489 1,105 Percentage .. 2 3 4 4 4 7 10 6 7 9 44 100

Technical Secondary *w™ a n r> * Combined High and Departments Au . ost " I Secondary Schoo i s . Day of District S ?°hnnf STT Schools. Schools. High Schools. Sch ° o1 - Schools. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. I Junior free places .. .. .. 5,1304,834 801 608 4,0203,1911,9601,976 206 322 12,11710,931 Senior free places .. .. .. 2,747 2,021 445 300' 961 781 763 568 11 21 4,927 3,691 Totals .. ».. .. .. 7,877 6,8551,246 908 4,9813,972 2,7232,544 217 343 17,04414,622 Grand Totals, 1935 .. .. 14/732 8,953 5,267 560 31,666 Grand Totals, 1934 .. .. 14,531 2,118 8,783 4,929 443 30,804 Difference .. .. .. +201 +36 +170 +338 +117 +862

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20. INTERMEDIATE SCHOOLS AND DEPARTMENTS. The number of intermediate schools and departments remained the same as in the previous year. At the end of the year there were 4,224 pupils on the rolls of these schools and departments, as against 4,369 in the previous year. The reports of the Inspectors of schools indicate that these schools are continuing to do fine work, and where they have been established there is no indication that either parents or pupils would like to revert to the old order where these pupils were the two top classes of an ordinary primary school. The duration of the intermediate course is normally two years, but where a parent certifies that his child is not going later to a post-primary school that child may attend the intermediate school for a third year. 2i. POST-PRIMARY EDUCATION. There were four more institutions providing post-primary education this year in comparison with the number in the previous year. Three district high school departments were established in the Auckland Education District, and one private school was added to the list of registered private secondary schools. During the year building operations were in hand for a new high school at South Dunedin, which would be ready for opening early in 1936. The secondary department of the Correspondence School continued to function successfully and the roll has shown a further increase. The roll numbers of full-time pupils attending the various classes of schools at Ist July were as follows :— 1934. 1935. Secondary .. .. 14,718 14,911 Combined 2,144 2,176 Technical 8,911 9,049 Secondary departments of district high, schools .. .. 5,011 5,331 Endowed schools and registered private secondary schools 4,339 4,636 Correspondence School .. . ■ • • • • 561 35,570 36,664 In addition, a small number of pupils were permitted to stay at intermediate schools for a year longer than the normal course of two years and could be regarded as receiving post-primary education. There has been a steady increase in the number of pupils taking advantage of the facilities afforded for post-primary education, and at present these pupils form a far larger percentage of the total rolls of our educational institutions than was the case a few years ago. 22. EVENING TECHNICAL CLASSES AND PART-TIME DAY CLASSES. During 1935 evening technical and part-time day classes were conducted at thirty-eight centres, compared with thirty-nine centres in 1934. As at Ist July these classes provided instruction for 10,833 students, as against 9,597 students m 1934. Of the 10,833 students, 7,234 were males and 3,599 females ; 4,179 of the males and 2,146 of the females held free places, a total of 6,325, compared with 5,616 in 1934. , The increase recorded this year in the number of pupils attending the above classes is the largest for some time and reflects the state of employment. The demands of industry and business have been met by pupils attending full-time day courses probably in the early stages of their post-primary education, with a consequent enrolment in the evening classes to complete their training. The increase comes mainly from those engaged in clerical pursuits and in various trades and industries, but there has also been a large increase in the number engaged as engineers or mechanics.

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23. NATIVE SCHOOLS. At the end of 1935 the Department directly controlled and maintained 138 Native schools for the primary education of Maori children in districts where the Maori race predominates. The following table shows the number of schools, with the enrolment, as at the Ist July, 1934, and Ist July, 1935 : —

European children to the number of 954 were in attendance at Native schools at Ist July, 1935, and are included in the above figures. If these be deducted, the total enrolment of Native children in all primary schools at Ist July becomes 16,897, compared with 16,038 in 1934. The average attendance at Native schools was maintained at a creditably high percentage, 90-8 per cent, of the average weekly roll. Boarding schools for the secondary education of the Maoris have been established by religious denominations, and the Government provides a number of scholarships tenable at these schools, which are inspected by the Department's officers. There were ten schools at the end of last year with an enrolment of 373 pupils, of whom 135 held Government scholarships. The Maori child who has obtained a proficiency certificate is also entitled to the usual facilities for secondary education provided at a post-primary school. In addition, two Maori boys held University scholarships, one at Victoria University College, and one at Auckland University College, each taking a course in arts, and four Maoris held Agricultural Scholarships, two being tenable at St. Stephen's College, one at Wesley College, and one at Te Aute College. One nursing scholar was in training at Napier Hospital. 24. REGISTERED PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS. The following table summarizes the returns furnished by registered private primary schools with respect to the year 1935 : —

Table S.

The number of schools at the end of the previous year was 307, and the total enrolment 26,636. There has been an increase of 3 in the number of registered private primary schools when compared with the number at the end of 1934.

1934. 193S. I Schools. Roll. Schools. Roll. Native village schools .. .. .. 138 7,504 138 7,852 Mission schools (primary) .. .. 11 549 11 577 Public schools with Native children enrolled 841 8,949 814 9,422 Totals .. .. .. .. 990 17,002 963 17,851

Undenomi- Catholic Other national Church Church Total. Schools. Schools. Schools. Number of schools .. .. .. 31 222 57 310 Roll at December— Boys .. .. .. .. 409 11,244 1,318 12.971 Girls .. .. .. .. 606 11,768 1,524 13,898 Total .. .. .. .. 1,015 23,012 2,842 26,869 Average attendance .. .. .. 878 20,535 2,517 23,930 Teachers (inclusive of head teachers) — Men .. .. .. .. .. 11 52 46 109 Women .. .. .. .. 58 696 112 866 Total .. .. .. .. 69 748 158 975

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25. ENDOWED SCHOOLS AND REGISTERED PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS. The following table summarizes the returns furnished by endowed schools and registered private secondary schools with respect to the years 1934 and 1935 : —

Table T.

26. CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL. The Correspondence School provides a continuous education from the primer classes to the Sixth Form of a post-primary school. The fact that correspondence teaching is organized on the basis of the pupils' absence has necessitated the development of special measures to ensure adequate practical work in scientific subjects and to provide some medium for social education. The former difficulty has been met in a large measure through the co-operation of a number of high and technical high schools, situated in convenient centres, at which the Correspondence School pupils are assembled from time to time for a week's intensive laboratory practice. The latter has been met by the organization of a considerable number of school clubs and societies. A regular monthly circular, issued to all families represented on the roll, serves the place of the usual school assembly and affords a medium for all announcements. An experimental series of four broadcast lessons in French pronunciation was given from Station 2YA during the latter part of 1935, the results of which established the definite usefulness of the radio as an aid to correspondence teaching. Interest in the school is also stimulated by visits thereto of pupils and parents and by the publication annually of the school magazine, The Postman. An Expupils' Association has been formed. 27. KINDERGARTEN SCHOOLS. The number of schools, pupils on the roll, and average attendance at schools conducted in 1935 by recognized kindergarten associations were as follow : —

Table U.

1934. 1935. Number of schools .. .. .. .. 55 56 Eoll at 1st July .. .. .. .. 4,339 4,636 Average attendance . . .. .. .. 4,039 4,394 Teachers (inclusive of principals) — Men .. .... .. .. 130 140 Women .. .. .. .. .. 172 173 Total .. .. .. .. 302 313

.... T. T , j. c , . Pupils on Roll at Average Attendance, Association. Number of Schools. nd of lg3g 6 lg35 ' Auckland ...... 8 467 376 Hastings ........ 1 44 37 Hutt Valley ...... 1 51 39 Wellington ...... 7 307 248 Christchurch ...... 7 509 356 Dunedin ........ 5 300 248 Invercargill .. .. .. 4 158 143 Totals, 1935 .... 33 1,836 1,447 Totals, 1934 .. .. 33 1,827 1,469 Difference.. .. .. .. +9 —22

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28. CONSOLIDATION OF SCHOOLS. Activity with regard to consolidation of schools was necessarily restricted in the early part of the year under review by reason of th'e fact that replacement of existing buildings was avoided wherever possible. More recently, however, a strong demand has arisen in many districts for consolidation, and the suitability of a number of suggested schemes is being investigated. This may be taken as indicating that the success of consolidations already effected is-appreciated by the community. At one of the large consolidation centres, Otorohanga, where the conveyance of children under private contract has presented special difficulties, negotiations were undertaken with the object of instituting a system of conveyance by departmental buses in charge of teacher drivers and supervised by a driver mechanic. This arrangement is similar to those in operation in connection with the Pio Pio and Kuawai consolidated schools. 29. CONVEYANCE AND BOARD OF SCHOOL-CHILDREN. During the year the conveyance of children to public primary schools and Native schools was continued under the same conditions as have been in. force for many years. There has been a strong and insistent demand for assistance in the transport of children by road to post-primary schools, technical schools, and combined schools. The Government has accordingly recognized the necessity for inquiry into the possibility of giving at least some assistance. At present vehicles engaged in carrying no other passengers than schoolchildren are exempt from the requirement that certificates of efficiency under the Transport Licensing Act should be obtained, reliance being placed upon the assistance of local bodies' traffic inspectors in ensuring that such vehicles are suitable for the purpose. Doubt, however, has arisen whether this is a satisfactory arrangement. While helpful co-operation has been extended in some cases, in others local bodies have shown reluctance to accept any responsibility for the mechanical efficiency and proper loading of the vehicles. Consideration is therefore being given to the question of revoking the Order in Council of 3rd December, 1934, which provided for the exemption, and substituting regulations for the inspection of school buses by officers of the Transport Department. The restoration in 1934 of the payment of the allowance of ss. per week towards the cost of board of children who are compelled to board away from home in order to attend a public primary school is appreciated. There is a strong demand for the payment of boarding-allowance to all postprimary pupils who cannot attend school without living away from home. The Government is making inquiries into this question.

Table V. —Cost of Conveyance of Pupils to Schools and to Manual Classes by Rail, Motor-vehicle, etc.

1934-35. 1935-36. Type of School. ; Rail. Other. Total. Rail. Other. Total. . _ . . ££££££ Public primary-.. .. .. .. 1,163. . 59,926- 61,695 1,749 65,225| 66,974* Private primary.. .. .. .. 1,850 .. 1,850 1,868 .. 1,868 Manual classes in, connection with public 4,930 2,880 7,810 4,832 2,576 7,408 primary Manual classes in connection with private 138 .. 138 136 .. 136 primary Secondary departments of district high schools 1,183 715 1,898 1,196 708 1,904 Secondary 4,353 153 4,506 4,387 .. 4,387 Combined 578 .. 578 681 .. 681 Technical .. .. .. .. 67093 6,093 6,151 .. 6,151 Private secondary .. .. .. 931 .. 931 1,089 .. 1,089 Native .. .. .. ■• 50 3,219 3,269 49 3,810 3,859 Totals.. .. .. .. 21,875 66,893 88,768 22,138 72,319 94,457 * This sum includes the cost of conveyance of children to consolidated schools and intermediate schools. f This sum includes £193, the cost of conveyance of children to intermediate departments of secondary schools. Board of children : Public schools, £2,899 ; Native schools, £1,013 : total, £3,912.

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30. MANUAL INSTRUCTION. During the year the usual instruction was given by class teachers in primary schools in the subjects elementary science and agriculture under the supervision of twenty-two itinerant agricultural instructors. The extent to which classes in other manual subjects were taken by pupils from the different types of schools may be summarized as follows : —

31. PHYSICAUpDUCATION. The teaching of this very important subject received a severe check, the financial stringency causing the suspension of the system of itinerant instructors and the curtailment of the training of teachers. It is hoped that progress will be resumed in this subject, particularly in the direction of formal and corrective physical training. In the older countries no other subject is receiving more attention at present both inside and outside of the schools. 32. SCHOOL MUSIC. Although the number of schools listening-in to musical broadcasts is steadily increasing, this added facility for the study of music cannot take the place of welltrained teachers in the subject. With the reopening of the four training colleges it will be possible to continue the practice of allowing students to specialize for a third year in a definite subject, and it is hoped that a number will eventually specialize in the teaching of school music. Wherever specialist teachers in this subject are attached to schools progress has been most gratifying. Eefresher courses have helped, but, as in physical education, the advice of specialists would be welcomed by teachers in the majority of schools. S3. TRAINING OF TEACHERS. The following tables summarize the position regarding the training of teachers at the end of 1933 and 1935 :—

Table W1.—Number of Teachers in Training.

There were no training colleges open in 1934, Consequently, for purposes of comparison, the 1933 figures have been included in these tables. The principals of the two colleges report that the year was marked by very successful work on the part of students. Owing to the cessation of training there was keen competition for the studentships available, and this resulted in wellqualified, though somewhat older, students coming forward. It was decided towards the end of the year that training would resume at Wellington and Dunedin Training Colleges early in 1936.

Number of Pupils from • - — - - - ■ - ]-•• ■••-■■- Forms I SecondarySubject, and II, DepartPrimary. te Sc°t ««*■ ** **»*• and High Departments. Schools. Woodwork .. .. .. 16,187 2,190 1,615 1,976 21,968 Metalwork .. .. .. ... Ill 839 ... .. 950 Cookery or laundry-work .. .. 15,239 2,099 1,760 2,106 21,204

Training-college Students. Total. ■ : Division A. Division B. Division C. Division D. 1933 .. .. 392 .. 47 .. 439 1935 .. .. 398 .. 30 .. 428

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Table W2—Number of Students in the various Training Colleges.

34. HIGHER (UNIVERSITY) EDUCATION. The number of students on the books of the four University colleges affiliated to, and the two agricultural colleges established in connection with, the University of New Zealand at the end of 1935 was 5,101, as against 5,059 at the end of 1934. The figures for each of the colleges were as under: — 1934. 1935. Auckland .. .. .. .. .. 1,225 1,250 Victoria .. .. .. .. .. 1,073 1,010 Canterbury .. .. .. .. .. 1,055 1,133 Otago .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,368 1,425 Massey .. .. .. .. .. 285 220 Lincoln .. .. .. .. .. 53 63 5,059 5,101 The total number of students described as taking definite courses at the four affiliated colleges was 4,511. These were distributed as follow : — Agriculture .. .. .. 19 Journalism .. .. 30 Architecture .. 40 | Law .. .. .. 344 Arts .. .. .. 1,840 I Massage .. .. 16 Commerce .. .. .. 806 ] Medicine . . .. .. 409 Dentistry .. .. .. 154 | Mining .. .. 39 Engineering .. .. 132 j Music .. .. 76 Forestry . . .. .. 1 | Science .. .. . . 502 Home-science .. .. 103 ] The following are some particulars relating to University education in the four affiliated colleges :—

Table Y.

1933. 1935. College. Men. Women. Total. Men. Women. Total. Auckland .. .. .. 91 123 214 70 148 218 Christchurch .. .. .. 76 149 225 79 131 210 Totals .. .. .. 167 272 439 149 279 428

1932. 1933. 1934. 1935. Number of students in actual attendance at 4,149 3,960 3,910 4,109 lectures Number of exempted students .. .. 763 846 811 709 Percentage of students— Men 72 73 74 74 Women .. .. .. •• 28 27 26 26 Percentage of students actually attending Universities receiving free education* —■ Men .. .. .. .. . • 40 26 18 19 Women .. .. •• ■• 56 40 29 32 All students .. .. .. . • 45 30 21 22 Occupations of students expressed as per- , * — sr - » ir - * * , centages— m. f. m. v. m. f. m. f. (1) Full-time students .. .. 43 53 46 63 47 68 44 55 (2) Teachers and training-colleges .. 16 35 13 23 9f 17f 12 28 (3) Government and local bodies 13 1 13 2 15 4 16 3 (4) Otter .. .. .. 26 6 26 8 27 7 25 7 (5) Not known .. .. ..2 5 2 4 2 4 3 7 * These students hold scholarships or training-college studentships. f These are teachers. There were no training-college students in 1934.

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35. ANNUAL EXAMINATIONS. Examinations conducted in 1935 comprised mainly the following : — (1) An August series for teachers' certificates and handicraft teachers' certificate. (2) A November-December series including the Training College Entrance, School Certificate, Intermediate, and Technological Examinations. Examinations were held at forty-seven public centres in 1935. The number of candidates actually presenting themselves for the various examinations during the last three years is shown in Table Z 1 following : —

Table Z1.—Number of Candidates for Various Examinations.

Table Z2.—Standard and Results of Examinations.

Examination. 1933. 1934. 1935. Intermediate .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,308 1,026 996 Teachers' Class D .. .. .. .. .. . . 13 3 5 Teachers' Class C .. .. .. .. .. . . 122 96 97 Training College Entrance .. .. .. .. .. 314 308 684 School Certificate .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4,197 4,307 London University Examinations . . .. .. .. 2 3 2 Handicraft Teachers' Certificate .. .. .. .. 27 17 13 Technological Examinations .. . . .. .. .. 83 64 67 Naval Cadetships .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 6 1 Aircraft Apprenticeship .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 1 3 Examinations held on behalf of City and Guilds of London Institute .. 151 159 191 Totals .. :. .. .. .. .. 2,025 5,880 6,366

1934. 1935. Uβ U U 1 Uβ U "ĪĪ I Stage in Course S^'I S° 2"** 2 SS'I 2° 2** Examination. Examination is normally §Ig §| » §g § §!<§ §13» g S § taken 3 8 M °9| °° °« "L ogS og o^ ■Sis 'SSS US "Sa ■Sifi "SS3 'Si ■gl llll Hi 111 IS ill! Hi HI II Proficiency* .. .. At end of Form II .. 25,350 20,235 3,321f 1,794 25,131 20,070 3,328t 1,733 Intermediate .. .. At end of Form IV .. 1,026 438 .. 588 996 531 .. 465 School Certificate .. At end of Form V .. 4,197 1,876 883 1,438 4,307 2,310 777§ 1,220 Certificate for Class D .. At end of Form V .. 3 3 .. .. 5 5 Training College Entrance At end of Form VI .. 308 128 113 67 684 319 259 106 Certificate for Class C and At end of training- 96 18{ 57 21 97 10$ 61 26 Class B college course Handicraft Teachers' Cer- Taken by teachers 17 6 4 7 13 2 9 2 tificate Technological Examinations — Preliminary.. .. At end of Form IV or 10 8 .. 2 13 10 3 equivalent Intermediate .. Evening classes, third- 29 22 7 24 15 9 year apprentices Final .. .. Evening classes, fourth- 25 12 .. 13 27 14 .. 13 year apprentices Special Examination in . . .. .. .. .. 3 .. .. 3 Building Construction Naval Cadetship .. Form III .. 3 2 .. 1 1 1 Naval Cadetship (Special Form VI .. .. 3 1 .. 2 entry) Aircraft Apprentices .. Form V.. .. 1 1.. .. 3 2.. 1 London University .. Post-secondary .. 3 2.. 1 2 1.. 1 Examinations held on be- As for technological 159 97 .. 62 191 89 .. 102 half of Cit3 r and Guilds examinations of London Institute * This examination is held by the Department's Inspectors in the various education districts, but the results are given for the purposes of comparison. A more detailed analysis will be found in Table A 7 of E.-2. t Competency pass. J Includes 3 passed for Class B in 1934 and 1 in 1935, § Includes 7 who passed in additional subjects.

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The examination branch of the Department assists in the arrangements necessary for carrying out the Wiremen's Registration Examinations conducted by the Electrical Wiremen's Registration Board. In addition to those certificates issued as a result of the examinations given in Table Z 2, certificates were also issued in the following cases to candidates who were recommended by Principals of post-primary schools and approved by the Department's Inspectors. The award of lower leaving certificates was discontinued in 1935.

Table Z3. —Number of Certificates issued by accrediting.

In regard to examinations conducted by the University of New Zealand the following shows the position in 1934 and 1935 : —

Table Z4. —University Examinations.

36. CHILD WELFARE. The total number of children under the supervision of the Child Welfare Branch as at 31st March, 1936, was 7,272, classed under the following headings : — State wards— In foster-homes, hostels, and with friends .. .. .. .. 2,660 In situations (includes 14 absent without leave) .. . . .. 948 In Government institutions, receiving-homes, &c. .. . . .. 203 In private institutions .. .. .. .. .. .. 150 Inmates in special schools for backward children .. .. .. 240 In hospitals, convalescent homes, &c. .. . . .. .. 61 At School for Deaf, Surnner ~ ~ .. ~ .. 7 4,269

(These are in addition to those awarded as a result of examination.) Number of Certificates issued. Certificate. . Stage of Course at which Certificate is issued. 1934. 1935. Intermediate .. At end of Form IV — i.e., at the end of at least the second 6,451 6,622 year of approved post-primary course Higher leaving .. At the end of Form VI — i.e., at the end of at least the fourth 970 993 year of approved post-primary course

_ . ,. Stage in Course at which Examina- -. T _. . „ ,., , ino . ino . Examination. s tion is normally taken. Number of Candidates. 1934. 1935. ■ .■ University Entrance At end of Form V—i.e., at end (a) Who presented them- 4,610 4,602 Examination. of at least.the third year of selves for examination post-primary course (only the (b) Who passed .. 2,071 2,122 very best third-year pupils (c) Who failed .. .. 2,539 2,480 succeed in passing) Entrance Scholarship At end of Form VI —i.e., at end (a) Who presented them- 280 297 Examination of at least the fourth year of selves for examination post-primary course (6) Who obtained at least a 138* 133* pass with credit (c) Who qualified only for 72 84 University entrance as a result of the examination (d) Who failed .. .. 70 80 Other University During University course . . (a) Who presented them- 7,927 8,266 examinations selves for examination (b) Who obtained complete 5,229 5,251 or partial successes * Thirty scholarships arc awarded yearly.

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Young persons supervised in their own homes by Child Welfare Officers by order of Court .. .. .. .. .. ~ 892 Infants supervised in foster-homes registered under the Infants Act . . 836 Pupils at School for Deaf, Sumner (other than State wards (7) included in figures above) .. .. .. .. 209 Children dealt with as preventive cases .. .. 1 143 Children at New Zealand Institute for the Blind for whom the Department makes payment.. .. .. .. .. ~ 23 7,272 The number of children committed to the care of the Superintendent during the year ended 31st March, 1936, was 440, classified according to reasons for committal, as follows : Indigent, 175 ; delinquent, 23; detrimental environments, 57; neglected, 14 ; not under proper control, 108 ; accused or guilty of punishable offence, 63 ; and, in addition, 6 were admitted by private arrangement (section 12, Child Welfare Act), 44 were temporarily admitted, while 5 were placed under supervision and ordered to be detained in residence for a period, making a total number of admissions for the year 495. Of the children committed, 67 had been dealt with previously by the Courts for other offences, for which they had received terms of supervision. Classified according to the age at the time of admission, the numbers, including temporary admissions, and those admitted under section 12, Child Welfare Act, and those ordered supervision with residence, are as follows : Under six months, 64 ; over six months and under one year, 13 ; from one to five years, 74 ; from five to ten years, 101 ; from ten to fourteen years, 121 ; over fourteen years, 122. The length of period of residence for the children temporarily admitted was from one day to seven weeks. Of the children in foster-homes at the 31st March, 1936, 98 over the age of fourteen years were receiving further education, 57 at primary schools and 41 at secondary or technical schools. Furthermore, 31 children under the age of fourteen years were receiving higher education. In addition, there were 15 residing in hostels receiving secondary education and 6 children were boarding in colleges. 37. TEACHERS' SUPERANNUATION FUND. The position of the fund at the 31st January, 1936, and the principal figures concerning the transactions for the year, compared with those for the year ended 31st January, 1935, are given below : — 1934-35. 1935-36. £ £ Balance at credit of fund at end of year .. 989 310 974 7] 5 Decrease over balance at end of previous year .. 13,875 14 595 Income for the year — Members'contributions .. .. .. .. 114,699 119 568 Interest 46'056 Government subsidy .. .. .. .. 166,048 170,046 Profit on realization of investments, &c. .. .. 750 38 Total income .. .. .. .. £329,824 £335,708 Expenditure— Eetiring and other allowances .. .. .. 306,350 313 372 Contributions refunded, &c. .. .. .. 33,462 33'508 Administration expenses, &c. .. .. .. 3,887 3'423 Total expenditure .. .. .. £343,699 £350,303

5—E. 1.

E.—l.

1934-35. 1935-36. Number of contributors at 31st January .. .. .. 8,500 8,148 Number of members admitted during period . . .. 122 138 Number retiring from the fund during period . . . . 525 490 Net decrease in membership at 31st January .. . . 403 352 Number of allowances in force at 31st January .. .. 1,919 1,996 Representing an annual charge of .. .. .. £304,860 £315,438 Ordinary retiring-allowances .. .. .. 1,254 £250,113 1,288 £256,971 Retiring-allowances under extended provisions of section 75 of the Act, and under section 14 of Finance Act, 1931 .. .. .. .. .. .. 137 £21,121 142 £21,902 Retiring-allowances in medically unfit cases .. .. 184 £23,280 199 £25,575 Allowances to widows .. .. .. .. 279 £8,657 288 £8,936 Allowances to children .. .. .. .. 65 £1,690 79 £2,054 Funds invested at 31st January— £ . £ At 3 per cent. .. .. .. .. ~ .. 5,000 At 3| per cent. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,855 At 3J per cent. .. .. .. .. .. .. 200 At 3| per cent. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,200 At 4 per cent. .. .. .. .. .. 59,820 80,215 At 4| per cent. .. .. .. .. .. 54,160 174,055 At 4f per cent. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,800 At 4J per cent. .. .. .. .. .. 17,195 70,082 At 4f per cent. .. .. .. .. ... .. 2,000 At 4f per cent, . . . . . . . . . . 500 At 6 per cent. .. . . . . .. . . 5,385 At 6 per cent. \Subject to reduction under the National/ 802,502 607,365 At cent./ Expenditure Adjustment Act, 1932 \ 9,431 6,250 Mortgage security acquired .. .. .. .. 3,255 3,109 Total .. .. .. £952,248 £954,131 Average rate of interest (per cent.) — Unreduced rate .. .. .. .. . . 5 • 745 5 • 374 After reduction as shown above .. . . 4-881 4-729 Unclaimed contributions held at 31st January .. .. £1,680 £1,279

E.—l.

APPENDIX. STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE AND RECOVERIES IN RESPECT OF ALL SERVICES UNDER THE CONTROL OR SUPERVISION OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31st MARCH, 1936.

General Administration. £ £ £ Salaries of Head Office staff .. .. .. . . 30,155 Part salaries of Inspectors attached to Head Office . . 1,409 Overtime and meal allowances .. .. .. .. 65 31,629 Office furniture and fittings .. .. .. .. .. 417 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. • ■ • ■ 805 Telephones . . .. .. .. .. . . • • 294 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. .. .. .. 617 Compassionate allowances on death of officers .. .. .. 172 Education Gazette, — Salaries .. .. .. .. .. . . 200 Printing, postage, &c, office and other requisites .. 1,081 Printing and stationery .. .. .. .. .. 911 Printing and stationery—Storage with Government Printer .. 61 972 Expenses of visit to Great Britain and America—Director of .. 1,400 Education 37,587 Less recoveries— Services rendered to Teachers' Superannuation 1,051 Board and to other Departments Education Gazette : Sales and advertising, &e. .. 258 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. 108 Printing and stationery and sale of publications 255 Teachers' certificates, fees for .. .. 32 Sale of office furniture .. .. .. 1 1,705 35,882 Primary Education (including Intermediate Schools or Departments under control of Education Board). Teachers' salaries and allowances .. .. . . 1,518,918 Teachers'salaries and allowances —Chatham Island schools .. 2,132 House allowances .. .. .. .. .. 38,389 1,559,439 Education Boards —Grants for administration and general 29,299 purposes Less portion chargeable to post-primary .. .. 723 28,576 School Committees'allowances —Cleaning, heating, &c. .. 103,647 Less portion chargeable to post-primary .. .. 2,978 100,669 School and class libraries .. .. .. .. .. 1,200 Supply of books in necessitous cases .. .. .. . . 2,188 Removal expenses of teachers .. .. .. .. .. 2,338 School buildings and sites — Maintenance, including alterations to make safe £ v against earthquake . . .. .. 67,273 Less portion for secondary departments of district high schools chargeable to post-primary .. .. .. 1,661 65,612 Interest on purchase money—Waddington School site .. 64 Rebuilding or repairing buildings destroyed or damaged 2,042 by fire Rent of buildings and sites for school purposes .. 3,711 Valuation fees and miscellaneous .. .. • • 38 71,467 Boys' and girls' agricultural clubs .. .. .. .. 300 Grants in aid of free kindergartens .. . . ■ . .. 3,065 Conveyance, &c, of children — By rail .. .. .. .. .. .. 8,585 By road and water ■ .. .. .. • • 67,801 Boarding-allowances .. .. .. . • 2,899 Purchase of new bus .. .. .. ■. 403 Conveyance of instructors and teachers .. .. . . . . 6,657 Correspondence School— Salaries of teachers .. .. .. ■ • 6,627 Meal allowances .. .. .. .. . • 16 Other expenses .. .. .. .. .. 1,492 Office furniture and fittings .. .. .. ■ . 382 8,517

E.—l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc.— continued.

Primary Education— continued. £ £ £ Inspection (including compassionate allowances) — Salaries (less part charged Head Office Administration) .. 23,058 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. .. 7,742 Telephones and office expenses .. .. .. 130 Clerical assistance .. .. .. .. .. 311 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. 112 31,353 School Journal —■ Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 521 Printing, postage, office expenses, &c. .. .. 3,945 4,466 Manual Instruction — Salaries .. .. .. .. •.. .. 52,759 Material .. .. .. .. .. .. 6,195 Incidentals .. .. .. .. .. 14,035 72,989 " Postages .. .. .. . . .. .. .. 374 Printing (register and other school books and forms) .. .. 344 1,973,630 Less recoveries— Teachers'salaries .. .. .. .. 12,528 On account of maintenance of buildings .. 135 Correspondence School . . . . . . 318 School Journal sales .. .. . . 380 Special examination fees .. .. .. 53 On account of education of foreign children . . 68 Postages, printing, and stationery .. .. 239 Rent of school-sites, &c. .. .. .. 569 Registration and other fees .. .. . . 5 14,295 _ . „ 1,959,335 Post-primary Education. (Including intermediate departments attached to secondary and technical schools.) Teachers' salaries and allowances— District high schools .. .. .. .. 73,294 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. .. 206,666 Technical schools and classes .. .. .. 170,185 Combined schools .. .. .. .. .. 36,207 486,352 Grants to Boards for administrative and general purposes— District high schools .. .. .. .. 723 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. .. 31,863 Technical schools .. .. .. .. .. 32,004 Combined schools .. .. .. .. .. 7,696 72,286 School Committee allowances (portion for secondary departments, district high schools) .. 2,978 Manual instruction in secondary schools .. .. .. .. 3,182 Conveyance of pupils .. .. .. .. .. .. 14,212 Inspection—■ Salaries (less portion charged to Head Office Administration) 3,568 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. .. 1,116 4,684 War Bursaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,655 School buildings, &c.— Maintenance of buildings (including secondary departments 7,094 of district high schools) Rents of buildings for school purposes .. .. .. 710 7,804 Correspondence School— Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. 5,929 Other expenses .. .. .. .. .. 2,664 8,593 Reefton School of Mines — Services rendered by secondary .. 100 department of district high school Marlborough High School —Grant under Marlborough High .. 340 School Act, 1899 Printing forms, &c, for schools .. .. .. .. 217 Secondary education reserves revenue distributed to High .. 12,187 School Boards (Education Reserves Amendment Act, 1914) 614,590 Less recoveries— On account of maintenance of buildings .. 659 Correspondence School .. .. . . 1,260 Teacher's salaries .. .. .. .. 4 Rent of school-sites, &c. .. .. . . 86 On account of conveyance .. .. .. 16 2,025 I 612,565

E.—l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. — continued.

Higher Education. £ £ £ Statutory grants— New Zealand University—National-endowment reserve .. 4,570 revenue Auckland University College— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 12,588 National-endowment reserve revenue .. .. 2,285 14,873 Victoria University College— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 11,667 National-endowment reserve revenue *.. .. 2,285 13,952 Canterbury College— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 7,639 National-endowment reserve revenue .. .. 2,285 9,924 University of Otago— Grant for general purposes .. .. .. 15,840 National-endowment reserve revenue .. .. 2,284 18,124 Scholarships and bursaries — University National Scholarships .. .. .. .. 4,347 Agricultural Scholarships .. .. .. .. .. Ill " Sir George Grey" Scholarships .. .. .. .. 175 University Bursaries .. .. .. .. .. 3,229 Agricultural Bursaries .. .. .. .. .. 956 Architectural Bursaries .. .. .. .. .. 357 Engineering Bursaries .. .. .. .. .. 502 Home-science Bursaries .. .. .. .. .. 777 71,897 Less recoveries : Refund—Educational bursaries, &c. .. 2 71,895 Training Colleges and Training ol Teachers. Training Colleges— Salaries of staffs (including staffs of practising schools in 14,872 excess of usual staff as public schools) Travelling-expenses of staff and expenses in connection .. 14 with appointments Allowances to and expenses of students .. .. .. 35,683 Students'University College fees .. .. .. .. 2,827 Special instruction, libraries, and incidental expenses .. . . 1,507 Apparatus and material .. .. .. .. .. 150 Printing, &c. .. .. . ■ .. • ■ . • 8 55,061 Less recoveries— Students' allowances .. .. .. 299 Special instruction, libraries and incidental 1 expenses Students' University College fees .. .. 12 312 54,749 Native Schools. Salaries of teachers .. .. .. •■ ■• ■• 71,556 Removal expenses of teachers .. .. .. .. ■. 1,026 Compensation to teachers for loss sustained by floods .. .. 90 Books, apparatus, and other school requisites .. .. .. 1,680 Manual instruction .. .. .. • • • ■ • • 398 Conveyance and board of children .. .. .. .. 4,872 Sundries .. .. .. .. • ■ • ■ • • 59 Buildings and sites — Maintenace of buildings .. .. .. .. 5,510 Rent of buildings and sites .. .. .. .. 209 5,719 Inspection — Salaries of Inspectors .. .. .. .. 1,563 Travelling and removal expenses .. .. .. 681 2,244 Scholarships .. .. •. ■ • • ■ • • • • 5,157 92,801 Less recoveries— Books, maps, &c. .. .. .. ■. 20 Maintenance of buildings .. .. .. 105 Rent of school-sites, &c. .. .. .. 50 Transfer and travelling-expenses of Inspectors .. 15 Salaries of teachers and Inspectors .. .. 42 Scholarships and apprenticeships .. .. 491 723 92,078 Physical Instruction. Salaries of instructors .. .. .- ■• •■ •• 1,342 Travelling and removal expenses .. • ■ . • • • 83 1,425

E.—l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. — continued.

Education of the Blind. £ £ £ Grant to New Zealand Institute for the Blind .. .. .. ], 250 Maintenance fees of Government pupils at Jubilee Institute .. .. 486 Travelling-expenses of pupils .. .. . . .. .. 79 1,815 Less recoveries : Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 401 1,414 School ior the Deaf. Salaries of staff .. .. .. .. .. .. 5,427 General maintenance of institution .. .. .. .. 1,879 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 294 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. .. .. 23 Travelling allowances and expenses (including transit of .. 344 children) Less recoveries— 7,967 Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 2,141 Board of staff .. .. .. .. 290 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. 5 2,436 Schools for the Mentally Backward. Salaries of staff .. .. .. .. . . .. 9,057 Maintenance of institutions .. .. .. .. .. 7,019 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 803 Travelling allowances and expenses (including transit of . . 711 children) Sundries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 28 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. .. .. 106 17,724 Less recoveries— Maintenance fees, &c. .. .. .. 1,103 Sale of produce, &c. .. .. .. 740 Travelling-expenses .. .. .. 45 Board of staff .. .. .. .. 1,303 Maintenance of institution, &c. .. .. 22 Sale of furniture, &c. .. .. . . 35 3,248 14,476 Child Welfare. Salaries of staffs, including field officers .. .. .. .. 26,965 Wages of inmates employed in institutions .. . . .. 255 Travelling and removal expenses (including transit of children) .. 4,074 Boarding-out of children .. .. .. .. .. 74,214 Maintenance of children in Government institutions .. .. 19,429 Maintenance of children in private institutions .. .. .. 3,091 Maintenance of buildings, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 1,761 Rent, office requisites, telephones, &c. .. .. .. .. , 2,016 Office furniture and fittings .. .. .. .. .. 55 Postage and telegrams .. .. .. .. .. .. 743 Payment to Post and Telegraph Department for services .. .. 682 Payment to Registrar-General's Department for services .. .. 20 Refunds of inmates' earnings .. .. .. .. .. 534 Refund of maintenance payments .. .. .. .. 133 Legal expenses .. .. .. .. .. .. 65 134,037 Less recoveries— Maintenance fees, &e. .. .. .. 17,425 Refunds for clothing, &c, supplied .. .. 4,669 Refunds of boarding-out payments .. .. 405 Refunds of travelling-expenses .. .. 161 Recoveries on account of office rent, &c. .. 33 Recoveries on account of inmates' earnings .. 523 Sale of produce .. .. .. .. 2,265 Board of staff and others .. .. .. 2,024 Rent of land and buildings .. .. .. 442 Accumulated earnings of deceased inmates .. 1,052 Maintenance of institutions, &c. .. .. 70 Recoveries on account of staffs, &c. .. .. 15 Sale of furniture, surplus stores, &c. .. .. 46 29,130 104,907 Material and Stores. Salaries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,089 Stores and material purchased .. .. .. .. .. 3,402 Lighting, cleaning, cartage, &c. .. .. .. .. .. 89 4,580 Less stores issued and charged to other items of vote .. 4,599 Education Or. 19 Less recoveries: Stores sold .. .. .. .. 45 Or. 64

E.—l.

Statement of Expenditure and Recoveries, etc. — continued.

SUMMARY. Consolidated Fund— £ Vote Education .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2,795,096 Vote Internal Affairs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 9,450 Finance Act, 1934 (No. 2), (Section 17) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 112,800 Unauthorized . . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. 262 Land Act, 1924 (national-endowment reserves revenue) .. .. .. .. .. .. 95,968 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (primary-education reserves revenue) .. .. 106,451 Education Reserves Act, 1928, sections 23 and 30 (secondary-education reserves revenue) .. .. 12,187 Tauranga Educational Endowment Reserves Act, 1896 (reserves revenue) .. . . .. .. 245 Public Revenue Act, 1926, section 133 (Fire Insurance Fund) .. .. .. .. .. 5,149 Public Works Fund, vote Education buildings .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 121,424 3,259,032 Less— Consolidated Fund — £ Recoveries on account of expenditure of previous year .. . . .. 128 Territorial revenue .. . . .. .. .. .. . . 159 Miscellaneous revenue .. .. . . .. .. . . .. 2,070 Registration and other fees .. .. .. .. .. .. 5 2,362 £3,256,670 Additional amounts are available from revenue from reserves vested in post-primary schools and University Colleges as follows : — £ Post-primary schools .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 39,271 University colleges .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 21,051 Total .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. £60,322

Approximate Cost of Paper. —Preparation, not given ; printing (I,OH copies), £(>2 10s.

By Authority: G. H. Loney, Government Printer, Wellington.—l 936.

Price Is.]

Miscellaneous. £ £ £ Conference of Education Authorities .. .. .. I . . 19 Examination expenses .. .. .. .. .. .■ 2,683 Grading of teachers, costs of appeal, inquiries, &c. .. .. .. 441 Accidents to school children and teachers .. .. .. .. 11 Salaries of teachers on exchange from overseas (recoverable).. .. 3,462 Teachers' Superannuation Fund— Annual contribution under Act .. .. .. 43,000 Additional allowance to widows and children .. .. 4,776 Additional subsidy .. .. .. .. 112,800 Additional subsidy (loss of interest) .. .. .. 9,450 J 170,026 Gramophones and radios for schools (recoverable) . . .. . . 585 Purchase of map and flags for schools (recoverable).. .. .. 254 177,481 Less recoveries— Examination fees, &c. .. .. .. 2,388 Salaries of teachers on exchange from abroad .. 2,833 Radios and gramophones for schools . . .. 582 Grading of teachers .. . . .. 58 Maps and flags for schools .. .. .. 600 6,461 171,020 Net total, excluding new buildings, &c. .. .. .. 3,125,213 Public Works i Consolidated Fund: Capital Expenditure. Fund. I Vote, Education. Sites, buildings, equipment, &c. — £ £ Public schools and training colleges .. .. .. 81,043 7,475 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. .. 22,195 1,321 Technical schools .. .. .. .. .. 58,191 1,159 Native schools .. .. .. .. .. 8,083 316 Child Welfare Institutions .. .. .. . . 221 169,733 10,271 Less recoveries (sale of sites, <fcc, and recoveries on account of expenditure of past years)— Public schools .. .. .. .. 35,395 238 Secondary schools .. .. .. .. 2,855 Technical schools .. .. .. . . 9,659 Native schools .. .. .. .. 400 48,309 238 Net expenditure on new buildings, &c. .. 121,424 10,033 - 131,457 Net total, including new building, &c. .. .. .. 3,256,670

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REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1935. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1935.], Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1936 Session I, E-01

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17,368

REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1935. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1935.] Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1936 Session I, E-01

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REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1935. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1935.] Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1936 Session I, E-01

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REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1935. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1935.] Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1936 Session I, E-01

Using This Item

No known copyright (New Zealand)

REPORT OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1935. [In Continuation of E.-1, 1935.] Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1936 Session I, E-01

Using This Item

No known copyright (New Zealand)